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Dewangan VK, Sampath Kumar TS, Doble M, Daniel Varghese V. Injectable macroporous naturally-derived apatite bone cement as a potential trabecular bone substitute. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2024; 112:e35397. [PMID: 38456309 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.35397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we have formulated a novel apatite bone cements derived from natural sources (i.e. eggshell and fishbone) with improved qualities that is, porosity, resorbability, biological activity, and so forth. The naturally-derived apatite bone cement (i.e. FBDEAp) was prepared by mixing hydroxyapatite (synthesized from fishbone) and tricalcium phosphate (synthesized from eggshell) as a solid phase with a liquid phase (a dilute acidic blend of cement binding accelerator and biopolymers like gelatin and chitosan) with polysorbate (as liquid porogen) to get a desired bone cement paste. The prepared cement paste sets within the clinically acceptable setting time (≤20 min), easily injectable (>85%) through hands and exhibits physiological pH stability (7.3-7.4). The pure apatite phased bone cement was confirmed by x-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analyses. The FBDEAp bone cement possesses acceptable compressive strength (i.e. 5-7 MPa) within trabecular bone range and is resorbable up to 28% in simulated body fluid solution within 12 weeks of incubation at physiological conditions. The FBDEAp is macroporous in nature (average pore size ~50-400 μm) with interconnected pores verified by SEM and micro-CT analyses. The FBDEAp showed significantly increased MG63 cell viability (>125% after 72 h), cell adhesion, proliferation, and key osteogenic genes expression levels (up to 5-13 folds) compared to the synthetically derived, synthetic and eggshell derived as well as synthetic and fishbone derived bone cements. Thus, we strongly believe that our prepared FBDEAp bone cement can be used as potential trabecular bone substitute in orthopedics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vimal Kumar Dewangan
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
| | - T S Sampath Kumar
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
| | - Mukesh Doble
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
- Department of Cariology, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, India
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2
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Qiu P, Chen J, Wu J, Wang Q, Hu Y, Li X, Shi H, Wang X. The effect of anthocyanin from Dioscorea alata L. after purification, identification on antioxidant capacity in mice. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:6106-6115. [PMID: 37823123 PMCID: PMC10563728 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing findings devote to searching for natural active compositions as additives to ameliorate health status. Anthocyanin, water-soluble natural pigment, has been concerned due to its favorable antioxidant activity. In this study, we purified anthocyanin from Dioscorea alata L., identified its compounds, and evaluated its antioxidant properties. The results indicated that the purity of anthocyanin increased to 39.59 ± 1.56%, 60.18 ± 1.97%, and 81.08 ± 1.97% after purification via AB-8 macroporous resin, Sep-Pak C18 solid phase, and LH-20 Sephadex stepwise. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometer results indicated that paeoniflorin-3,5-O-dihexoside, petunin-3-O-feruloyl-glucoside-5-O-glucoside, cyanidin-3-O-feruloyl glucoside-5-O-glucoside, cyanidin-3-O-sophoroside, and petunin-3,5-O-dihexoside were the major compounds. The purified anthocyanin exhibited stronger antioxidant activity than the unpurified extract and ascorbic acid, whereas weaker than that of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside in general, which was assessed using DPPH, ABTS, and Fe3+ reducing capacity methods. Moreover, the purified anthocyanin increased GSH-Px, total antioxidant capacity, and superoxide dismutase activities and decreased malondialdehyde concentration on serum in mice after administering lipopolysaccharide for 24 h (p < .05). To summarize, the purified anthocyanin boasts more outstanding antioxidant properties than that of crude extracts. These results provide a reference with source of anthocyanin and it is conducive to use Dioscorea alata L. resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingfei Qiu
- Animal Nutrition, Reproduction and Breeding Laboratory, School of Animal Science and TechnologyHainan UniversityHaikouChina
| | - Junpu Chen
- Animal Nutrition, Reproduction and Breeding Laboratory, School of Animal Science and TechnologyHainan UniversityHaikouChina
| | - Junlong Wu
- Animal Nutrition, Reproduction and Breeding Laboratory, School of Animal Science and TechnologyHainan UniversityHaikouChina
| | - Qin Wang
- Animal Nutrition, Reproduction and Breeding Laboratory, School of Animal Science and TechnologyHainan UniversityHaikouChina
| | - Yanrong Hu
- Animal Nutrition, Reproduction and Breeding Laboratory, School of Animal Science and TechnologyHainan UniversityHaikouChina
| | - Xiaochun Li
- Animal Nutrition, Reproduction and Breeding Laboratory, School of Animal Science and TechnologyHainan UniversityHaikouChina
| | - Huiyu Shi
- Animal Nutrition, Reproduction and Breeding Laboratory, School of Animal Science and TechnologyHainan UniversityHaikouChina
| | - Xuemei Wang
- Animal Nutrition, Reproduction and Breeding Laboratory, School of Animal Science and TechnologyHainan UniversityHaikouChina
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3
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Suteerapongpun T, Hanamura K. Numerical Design of Granular Support for Three-Way Catalyzed Solid- and Porous-Particles Membrane Filters. Membranes (Basel) 2023; 13:644. [PMID: 37505010 PMCID: PMC10383841 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13070644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
A granular substrate used as a support for a three-way catalyzed (TWC) solid-particle membrane filter was investigated through numerical simulation. The proposed support could reduce the amount of required catalyst material by 39% and lower the pressure drop by 33%, compared to a conventional filter, while achieving almost 100% soot-filtration. Moreover, TWC porous particles, which are designed to introduce a fluid flow into their interconnected pore network, further decrease the pressure drop. However, a trade-off exists between the amount of the introduced fluid flow and the specific surface area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teerapat Suteerapongpun
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro City, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Katsunori Hanamura
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro City, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
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4
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Yi G, Yu Y. Molecular Aggregation Strategy for Pore Generation in SiOC Ceramics Induced by the Conjugation Force of Phenyl. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:2676. [PMID: 37376323 DOI: 10.3390/polym15122676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Porous silicon oxycarbide (SiOC) ceramics with tailorable microstructure and porosity were fabricated using phenyl-substituted cyclosiloxane (C-Ph) as a molecular-scale porogen are analyzed in this study. A gelated precursor was synthesized via the hydrosilylation of hydrogenated and vinyl-functionalized cyclosiloxanes (CSOs), followed by pyrolysis at 800-1400 °C in flowing N2 gas. Tailored morphologies, such as closed-pore and particle-packing structures, with porosities in the range 20.2-68.2% were achieved by utilizing the high boiling point of C-Ph and the molecular aggregation in the precursor gel induced by the conjugation force of phenyl. Moreover, some of the C-Ph participated in pyrolysis as a carbon source, which was confirmed by the carbon content and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) data. This was further confirmed by the presence of graphite crystals derived from C-Ph, as determined by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). In addition, the proportion of C-Ph involved in the ceramic process and its mechanism were investigated. The molecular aggregation strategy for phase separation was demonstrated to be facile and efficient, which may promote further research on porous materials. Moreover, the obtained low thermal conductivity of 27.4 mW m-1 K-1 may contribute to the development of thermal insulation materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Yi
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yuxi Yu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
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5
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Mendoza-Castellanos JL, Pantoja-Espinoza JC, Rodríguez-Pacheco LC, Paraguay-Delgado F. Synthesis of PMMA Microspheres with Tunable Diameters: Evaluation as a Template in the Synthesis of Tin Oxide Coatings. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15112419. [PMID: 37299218 DOI: 10.3390/polym15112419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) spheres with different sizes has been a challenge. PMMA has promise for future applications, e.g., as a template for preparing porous oxide coatings by thermal decomposition. Different amounts of SDS as a surfactant are used as an alternative to control PMMA microsphere size through the formation of micelles. The objectives of the study were twofold: firstly, to determine the mathematical relationship between SDS concentration and PMMA sphere diameter, and secondly, to assess the efficacy of PMMA spheres as templates for SnO2 coating synthesis and their impact on porosity. The study used FTIR, TGA, and SEM techniques to analyze the PMMA samples, and SEM and TEM techniques were used for SnO2 coatings. The results showed that PMMA sphere diameter could be adjusted by varying the SDS concentration, with sizes ranging from 120 to 360 nm. The mathematical relationship between PMMA sphere diameter and SDS concentration was determined with a y = axb type equation. The porosity of SnO2 coatings was found to be dependent on the PMMA sphere diameter used as a template. The research concludes that PMMA can be used as a template to produce oxide coatings, such as SnO2, with tunable porosities.
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Affiliation(s)
- José L Mendoza-Castellanos
- Centro de Investigación en Materiales Avanzados S. C. (CIMAV), Laboratorio de Síntesis de Óxidos Semiconductores, Departamento de Física de Materiales, Miguel de Cervantes 120, Complejo Industrial Chihuahua, Chihuahua 31136, Mexico
| | - Juan C Pantoja-Espinoza
- Centro de Investigación en Materiales Avanzados S. C. (CIMAV), Laboratorio de Síntesis de Óxidos Semiconductores, Departamento de Física de Materiales, Miguel de Cervantes 120, Complejo Industrial Chihuahua, Chihuahua 31136, Mexico
| | - Luis C Rodríguez-Pacheco
- Centro de Investigación en Materiales Avanzados S. C. (CIMAV), Laboratorio de Síntesis de Óxidos Semiconductores, Departamento de Física de Materiales, Miguel de Cervantes 120, Complejo Industrial Chihuahua, Chihuahua 31136, Mexico
| | - Francisco Paraguay-Delgado
- Centro de Investigación en Materiales Avanzados S. C. (CIMAV), Laboratorio de Síntesis de Óxidos Semiconductores, Departamento de Física de Materiales, Miguel de Cervantes 120, Complejo Industrial Chihuahua, Chihuahua 31136, Mexico
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6
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Dewangan VK, Sampath Kumar TS, Doble M, Daniel Varghese V. Fabrication of macroporous apatite bone cements for non-load bearing orthopedic applications. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2023; 111:416-428. [PMID: 36095055 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.35160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Calcium deficient hydroxyapatite (CDHA)-based apatite forming bone cements are well known for their bioactivity and bioresorbability. The formulation of CDHA-based cements with improved macroporosity, injectability, and resorbability has been investigated. The solid phase consists of nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite (HA) and tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP). The liquid phase is diluted acetic acid with disodium hydrogen phosphate as binding accelerator along with gelatin and chitosan to improve the injectability. A porogen agent either mannitol (as solid porogen) or polysorbate (as liquid porogen) is also used to improve the porosity. All combined in fine-tuned composition results in optimal bone cements. The cement sets within the clinically preferred setting time (≤20 min) and injectability (>70%) and also stable at physiological pH (i.e., ~7.3-7.4). The XRD and FT-IR analysis confirmed the formation of CDHA phase on day 7 when the after-set cement immersed under phosphate buffer solution (PBS) at physiological conditions. The cements were found to have acceptable compressive strength for trabecular bone substitute. The cements were macroporous in nature with average pore size between 50 and 150 μm and were interconnected as confirmed by SEM, micro-CT and MIP analysis. The prepared cements are degradable up to 22% and 19% in simulated body fluid and PBS respectively within 10 weeks of immersion at physiological conditions. The cements exhibit higher viability (%) (>110%) with L929 and MG63 cells compared to the control after 3 days of incubation. They also show increased proliferation, well spreading and extended filopodia with MG63 cells. Overall, the developed apatite forming bone cements seems to be suitable for low or non-load bearing orthopedic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vimal Kumar Dewangan
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India.,Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
| | | | - Mukesh Doble
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India.,Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, India
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7
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Galarraga JH, Dhand AP, Enzmann BP, Burdick JA. Synthesis, Characterization, and Digital Light Processing of a Hydrolytically Degradable Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogel. Biomacromolecules 2023; 24:413-425. [PMID: 36516973 PMCID: PMC10928645 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c01218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Numerous chemical modifications of hyaluronic acid (HA) have been explored for the formation of degradable hydrogels that are suitable for a variety of biomedical applications, including biofabrication and drug delivery. Thiol-ene step-growth chemistry is of particular interest due to its lower oxygen sensitivity and ability to precisely tune mechanical properties. Here, we utilize an aqueous esterification route via reaction with carbic anhydride to synthesize norbornene-modified HA (NorHACA) that is amenable to thiol-ene crosslinking to form hydrolytically unstable networks. NorHACA is first synthesized with varying degrees of modification (∼15-100%) by adjusting the ratio of reactive carbic anhydride to HA. Thereafter, NorHACA is reacted with dithiol crosslinker in the presence of visible light and photoinitiator to form hydrogels within tens of seconds. Unlike conventional NorHA, NorHACA hydrogels are highly susceptible to hydrolytic degradation through enhanced ester hydrolysis. Both the mechanical properties and the degradation timescales of NorHACA hydrogels are tuned via macromer concentration and/or the degree of modification. Moreover, the degradation behavior of NorHACA hydrogels is validated through a statistical-co-kinetic model of ester hydrolysis. The rapid degradation of NorHACA hydrogels can be adjusted by incorporating small amounts of slowly degrading NorHA macromer into the network. Further, NorHACA hydrogels are implemented as digital light processing (DLP) resins to fabricate hydrolytically degradable scaffolds with complex, macroporous structures that can incorporate cell-adhesive sites for cell attachment and proliferation after fabrication. Additionally, DLP bioprinting of NorHACA hydrogels to form cell-laden constructs with high viability is demonstrated, making them useful for applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan H. Galarraga
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Abhishek P. Dhand
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Bruce P. Enzmann
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jason A. Burdick
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- BioFrontiers Institute and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
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8
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Abdullah T, Su E, Memić A. Designing Silk-Based Cryogels for Biomedical Applications. Biomimetics (Basel) 2022; 8:5. [PMID: 36648791 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics8010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a need to develop the next generation of medical products that require biomaterials with improved properties. The versatility of various gels has pushed them to the forefront of biomaterials research. Cryogels, a type of gel scaffold made by controlled crosslinking under subzero or freezing temperatures, have great potential to address many current challenges. Unlike their hydrogel counterparts, which are also able to hold large amounts of biologically relevant fluids such as water, cryogels are often characterized by highly dense and crosslinked polymer walls, macroporous structures, and often improved properties. Recently, one biomaterial that has garnered a lot of interest for cryogel fabrication is silk and its derivatives. In this review, we provide a brief overview of silk-based biomaterials and how cryogelation can be used for novel scaffold design. We discuss how various parameters and fabrication strategies can be used to tune the properties of silk-based biomaterials. Finally, we discuss specific biomedical applications of silk-based biomaterials. Ultimately, we aim to demonstrate how the latest advances in silk-based cryogel scaffolds can be used to address challenges in numerous bioengineering disciplines.
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Lei F, Cai J, Lyu R, Shen H, Xu Y, Wang J, Shuai Y, Xu Z, Mao C, Yang M. Efficient Tumor Immunotherapy through a Single Injection of Injectable Antigen/Adjuvant-Loaded Macroporous Silk Fibroin Microspheres. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:42950-42962. [PMID: 36112417 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c11286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic or natural materials have been used as vaccines in cancer immunotherapy. However, using them as vaccines necessitates multiple injections or surgical implantations. To tackle such daunting challenges, we develop an injectable macroporous Bombyx mori (B. mori) silk fibroin (SF) microsphere loaded with antigens and immune adjuvants to suppress established tumors with only a single injection. SF microspheres can serve as a scaffold by injection and avoid surgical injury as seen in traditional scaffold vaccines. The macroporous structure of the vaccine facilitates the recruitment of immune cells and promotes the activation of dendritic cells (DCs), resulting in a favorable immune microenvironment that further induces strong humoral and cellular immunity. We have also modified the vaccine into a booster version by simply allowing the antigens to be adsorbed onto the SF microspheres. The booster vaccine highly efficiently suppresses tumor growth by improving the cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response. In general, these results demonstrate that the macroporous SF microspheres can serve as a facile platform for tumor vaccine therapy in the future. Since the SF microspheres are also potential scaffolds for tissue regeneration, their use as a vaccine platform will enable their applications in eradicating tumors while regenerating healthy tissue to heal the tumor-site cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Lei
- Institute of Applied Bioresource Research, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China
| | - Jiangfeng Cai
- Institute of Applied Bioresource Research, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China
| | - Ruyin Lyu
- Institute of Applied Bioresource Research, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China
| | - Honglan Shen
- Institute of Applied Bioresource Research, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China
| | - Yalan Xu
- Institute of Applied Bioresource Research, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China
| | - Jie Wang
- Institute of Applied Bioresource Research, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China
| | - Yajun Shuai
- Institute of Applied Bioresource Research, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China
| | - Zongpu Xu
- Institute of Applied Bioresource Research, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China
| | - Chuanbin Mao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, P.R. China
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
| | - Mingying Yang
- Institute of Applied Bioresource Research, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China
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10
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Liu K, Wu X, Dai H. Citric acid cross-linked chitosan for inhibiting oxidative stress after nerve injury. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2022; 110:2231-2240. [PMID: 35474411 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.35072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Scaffold design is particularly important and necessary for soft tissue repair such as nerve tissue repair. In this article, we designed and manufactured a macroporous chitosan-based hydrogel with excellent cell compatibility and antioxidant properties. Here, the chitosan (CS) based hydrogel is obtained by repeated freezing and thawing using citric acid (CA) as a cross-linking agent. We have evaluated the effects of citric acid content on the physical and chemical properties of hydrogels through mechanical properties and scanning electron microscopy. CA-CS hydrogel shows a macroporous structure, as the citric acid increases, the mechanical strength increases and the pore size decreases. In vitro cell experiments show that CA-CS hydrogel partakes positive effects on cell survival, adhesion and proliferation, as well as antioxidant properties. All results provide a basis for the construction of porous chitosan-based hydrogels, while demonstrating a promising approach to deal with oxidative stress in nerve injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Biomedical Materials and Engineering Research Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaopei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Biomedical Materials and Engineering Research Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
- Foshan Xianhu Laboratory of the Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Xianhu Hydrogen Valley, Foshan, China
| | - Honglian Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Biomedical Materials and Engineering Research Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
- Foshan Xianhu Laboratory of the Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Xianhu Hydrogen Valley, Foshan, China
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Nikhil A, Kumar A. Evaluating potential of tissue-engineered cryogels and chondrocyte derived exosomes in articular cartilage repair. Biotechnol Bioeng 2021; 119:605-625. [PMID: 34723385 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Treatment of articular cartilage injuries especially osteochondral tissue requires intervention of bioengineered scaffold. In this study, we investigated the potential of the tissue-engineered cryogel scaffold fabricated using cryogelation technology. Two types of cryogels viz. chitosan-gelatin-chondroitin sulfate (CGC) for articular cartilage and nano-hydroxyapatite-gelatin (HG) for subchondral bone were fabricated. Further, novel bilayer cryogel designed using single process fabrication of two layers (CGC as top layer and HG as the lower layer) was designed to mimic osteochondral unit. CGC cryogel was tested for their biocompatibility using the enzymatically isolated chondrcoytes from goat articular cartilage while HG cryogel was tested using pre-osteoblast cell line. Extracellular vesicles, specifically exosomes were isolated from the spent media of chondrocytes to validate their effect over cell proliferation and migration which are required for defect healing and infiltration respectively. These isolated exosomes were characterized and analyzed for confirming their size distribution profile and visualized morphologically using advanced microscopy techniques. For cartilage part, CGC cryogels were examined as delivery system for delivering exosomes at defect site, where 80% of release was observed in 72 h. Release of 18.7 µg chondroitin sulfate/mg cryogel was obtained in a period of one week from CGC cryogel (termed cryogel extract) which has chondroprotective effect. Further, effect of exosome concentration (10 and 20 µg/ml), CGC extract and combination of exosome and CGC extract (Exo-Ex) were assessed over the chondrocytes. In addition, in vitro scratch wound assay was performed to analyse the migration capacity over the micro-injury when treated with exosomes, cryogel extract and Exo-Ex. The overall results thus answer key questions of therapeutic potential of chondrocyte exosomes, cryogel extract in addition to potential of CGC and HG cryogel for osteochondral repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aman Nikhil
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India.,Centre for Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India.,Centre for Nanosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India.,The Mehta Family Centre for Engineering in Medicine, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
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12
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Elhattab K, Bhaduri SB, Lawrence JG, Sikder P. Fused Filament Fabrication (Three-Dimensional Printing) of Amorphous Magnesium Phosphate/Polylactic Acid Macroporous Biocomposite Scaffolds. ACS Appl Bio Mater 2021; 4:3276-3286. [PMID: 35014414 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c01620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The ultimate goal of this paper is to develop novel ceramic-polymer-based biocomposite orthopedic scaffolds with the help of additive manufacturing. Specifically, we incorporate a bioceramic known as amorphous magnesium phosphate (AMP) into polylactic acid (PLA) with the help of the melt-blending technique. Magnesium phosphate (MgP) was chosen as the bioactive component as previous studies have confirmed its favorable biomaterial properties, especially in orthopedics. Special care was taken to develop constant diameter AMP-PLA composite filaments, which would serve as feedstock for a fused filament fabrication (FFF)-based three-dimensional (3D) printer. Before the filaments were used for FFF, a thorough set of characterization protocols comprising of phase analysis, microstructure evaluations, thermal analysis, rheological analysis, and in vitro degradation determinations was performed on the biocomposites. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results confirmed a homogenous dispersion of AMP particles in the PLA matrix. Rheological studies demonstrated good printability behavior of the AMP-PLA filaments. In vitro degradation studies indicated a faster degradation rate in the case of AMP-PLA filaments as compared to the single phase PLA filaments. Subsequently, the filaments were fed into an FFF setup, and tensile bars and design-specific macroporous AMP-PLA scaffolds were printed. The biocomposite exhibited favorable mechanical properties. Furthermore, in vitro cytocompatibility results revealed higher pre-osteoblast cell attachment and proliferation on AMP-PLA scaffolds as compared to single-phase PLA scaffolds. Altogether, this study provides a proof of concept that design-specific bioactive AMP-PLA biocomposite scaffolds fabricated by FFF can be potential candidates as medical implants in orthopedics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim Elhattab
- Department of Bioengineering, The University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio 43606, United States
| | - Sarit B Bhaduri
- Department of Mechanical, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, The University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio 43606, United States.,EEC Division, Directorate of Engineering, The National Science Foundation, Alexandria, Virginia 22314, United States
| | - Joseph G Lawrence
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio 43606, United States
| | - Prabaha Sikder
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, Ohio 44115, United States
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Abstract
Scaffold macroporosity has been shown to be critical for promoting bone regeneration. Although injectable materials are preferred for minimally invasive delivery, conventional macroporous scaffolds were not injectable and do not support homogeneous cell encapsulation. We recently reported a gelatin-based microribbon (μRB) scaffold that offers macroporosity while also supporting homogeneous cell encapsulation. Compared to conventional gelatin hydrogels, macroporous gelatin μRB scaffolds demonstrated great advantage in enhancing mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based cartilage formation. However, whether gelatin-based μRBs support MSC osteogenesis and bone formation remains unknown. The goal of this study is to assess the potential of gelatin-based μRBs for supporting MSC-based osteogenesis and bone formation in vitro. Given recent evidence from the literature that osteogenesis is sensitive to substrate stiffness, we further investigate how varying μRB stiffness modulates MSC osteogenesis. We first determine the maximal stiffness range of gelatin μRBs that can be fabricated (13-57 kPa), which supports both retention of μRB shape and macroporosity within scaffolds after inter-cross-linking. Interestingly, varying μRB stiffness across a broad range of stiffness did not significantly impact osteogenesis, with all groups supporting upregulation of bone markers and extensive collagen deposition. All gelatin μRBs also supported a comparable level of cell spreading and upregulation of mechanosensing markers. However, soft μRB (13 kPa) scaffolds did not maintain structural integrity and condensed into a pellet over time. Both intermediate and stiff gelatin μRB-based scaffolds maintained their integrity and supported robust bone formation, leading to a more than 10-fold increase in the compressive moduli of engineered bone after 5 weeks of culture in osteogenic media. Incorporating hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticle coating onto the gelatin μRB surface further accelerated the maturation of MSCs into osteoblasts and mineralization. Together, these results validate that gelatin μRBs can support MSC osteogenesis across a broad range of stiffness and offers an injectable macroporous scaffold for enhancing stem-cell-based bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogdan Conrad
- Program of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, Edward Building Room 114, Stanford, California94305, United States
| | - Camila Hayashi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University Shriram Center, Room 129, Stanford, California94305, United States
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University300 Pasteur Drive, Edward Building Room 114, Stanford, California94305, United States
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Tang Y, Tong X, Conrad B, Yang F. Injectable and in situ crosslinkable gelatin microribbon hydrogels for stem cell delivery and bone regeneration in vivo. Theranostics 2020; 10:6035-6047. [PMID: 32483436 PMCID: PMC7254995 DOI: 10.7150/thno.41096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Injectable matrices are highly desirable for stem cell delivery. Previous research has highlighted the benefit of scaffold macroporosity in enhancing stem cell survival and bone regeneration in vivo. However, there remains a lack of injectable and in situ crosslinkable macroporous matrices for stem cell delivery to achieve fast bone regeneration in immunocompetent animal model. The goal of this study is to develop an injectable gelatin-based μRB hydrogel supporting direct cell encapsulation that is available in clinics as macroporous matrices to enhance adipose-derived stromal cell (ASC) survival, engraftment and accelerate bone formation in craniofacial defect mouse. Methods: Injectable and in situ crosslinkable gelatin microribbon (μRB)-based macroporous hydrogels were developed by wet-spinning. Injectability was optimized by varying concentration of glutaraldehyde for intracrosslinking of μRB shape, and fibrinogen coating. The efficacy of injectable μRBs to support ASCs delivery and bone regeneration were further assessed in vivo using an immunocompetent mouse cranial defect model. ASCs survival was evaluated by bioluminescent imaging and bone regeneration was assessed by micro-CT. The degradation and biocompatibility were determined by histological analysis. Results: We first optimized injectability by varying concentration of glutaraldehyde used to fix gelatin μRBs. The injectable μRB formulation were subsequently coated with fibrinogen, which allows in situ crosslinking by thrombin. Fluorescence imaging and histology showed majority of μRBs degraded by the end of 3 weeks. Injectable μRBs supported comparable level of ASC proliferation and bone regeneration as implantable prefabricated μRB controls. Adding low dosage of BMP2 (100 ng per scaffold) with ASCs substantially accelerated the speed of mineralized bone regeneration, with 90% of the bone defect refilled by week 8. Immunostaining showed M1 (pro-inflammatory) macrophages were recruited to the defect at day 3, and was replaced by M2 (anti-inflammatory) macrophages by week 2. Adding μRBs or BMP2 did not alter macrophage response. Injectable µRBs supported vascularization, and BMP-2 further enhanced vascularization. Conclusions: Our results demonstrated that µRB-based scaffolds enhanced ASC survival and accelerated bone regeneration after injection into critical sized cranial defect mouse. Such injectable µRB-based scaffold can provide a versatile biomaterial for delivering various stem cell types and enhancing tissue regeneration.
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Hou S, Liu Y, Feng F, Zhou J, Feng X, Fan Y. Polysaccharide-Peptide Cryogels for Multidrug-Resistant-Bacteria Infected Wound Healing and Hemostasis. Adv Healthc Mater 2020; 9:e1901041. [PMID: 31867889 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201901041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Wound dressings that can simultaneously treat bacterial infections and various bleeding complications are highly desirable in clinics. Moreover, multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial infection has posed another great challenge for clinical wound care, as there are fewer effective antimicrobial agents available for killing these bacteria. To meet the clinical need, serials of polysaccharide-peptide cryogels have been developed with excellent antibacterial efficacy and hemostatic property. With glycol chitosan (GC) and ε-poly lysine (EPL) as the major components, the cryogels yield significantly lower amounts of blood loss compared with commercially available hemostatic dressings. The incorporation of EPL significantly enhances the antibacterial activity including killing MDR bacteria capacity and prevents the bacterial infection of skin wounds. The cryogel treated wounds demonstrate significantly higher healing efficiency compared to the controlled MDR bacteria infected wounds. The GC-EPL polysaccharide-peptide cryogels may become competitive multifunctional wound dressings for bleeding control and bacteria-infected wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Hou
- School of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringBeihang UniversityKey Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education Beijing 100083 China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical EngineeringBeihang University Beijing 102402 China
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- School of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringBeihang UniversityKey Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education Beijing 100083 China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical EngineeringBeihang University Beijing 102402 China
| | - Fang Feng
- Hangzhou Newdoon Technology Co., Ltd Zhejiang 310012 China
| | - Jin Zhou
- School of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringBeihang UniversityKey Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education Beijing 100083 China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical EngineeringBeihang University Beijing 102402 China
| | - Xinxing Feng
- Endocrinnology and Cardiovascular Disease CenterFuwai HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences Beijing 100037 China
| | - Yubo Fan
- School of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringBeihang UniversityKey Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education Beijing 100083 China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical EngineeringBeihang University Beijing 102402 China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Technical Aids for Old‐Age DisabilityNational Research Center for Rehabilitation Technical Aids Beijing 100176 China
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Chen K, Zhang Y, Ge J. Highly Invisible Photonic Crystal Patterns Encrypted in an Inverse Opaline Macroporous Polyurethane Film for Anti-Counterfeiting Applications. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2019; 11:45256-45264. [PMID: 31710201 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b18995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Invisible photonic crystal (PC) pattern with encrypted and discoverable information is potentially useful for anti-counterfeiting labels, but it is still a big challenge to realize strict invisibility, fast response, and convenient triggering. Here, a new kind of soaking-revealed invisible PC pattern is fabricated by the regional coating of "ethylene glycol-ethanol" ink on a collapsed inverse opaline macroporous polyurethane (IOM-PU) film, followed by a quick thermal treatment. During the above process, wet heating retains the collapsed but recoverable IOM structure, but dry heating disables the recovery of ordered IOM structure due to the adhesion of macropore walls, which render the "pattern" and the "background" with different optical responses to the solvent. In the dry state, the pattern was invisible because both the collapsed IOM-PU film and the adhesive PU film are colorless and transparent. Once the sample is soaked in ethanol-water mixtures, the invisible pattern appears immediately because only the "wet-heated" region recovers the ordered macroporous structure and shows color, which forms a significant contrast in color to the "dry-heated" region. Compared to the previously invisible PC pattern, the current material has many superior properties, such as high invisibility, large color contrast in showing, excellent recyclability, and good toughness in bending and stretching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Chen
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes , East China Normal University , Shanghai 200062 , China
| | - Yixin Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes , East China Normal University , Shanghai 200062 , China
| | - Jianping Ge
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes , East China Normal University , Shanghai 200062 , China
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Yetiskin B, Tureyen OE, Yilmaz A, Yakan SD, Okay OS, Okay O. Single-, Double-, and Triple-Network Macroporous Rubbers as a Passive Sampler. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2019; 11:28317-28326. [PMID: 31290316 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b08788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decades, large quantities of organic compounds including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) entering aquatic systems create acutely toxic effects and chronic abnormalities in aquatic organisms. Passive sampling is an effective technique to detect organic compounds at very low concentrations in water by accumulating them in their structure to a measurable concentration level. Polymeric passive samplers reported so far have a nonporous structure, and hence, the absorption of organic compounds into the passive sampler is governed by their slow diffusion process. We present here novel macroporous rubber sorbents as monophasic passive samplers with tunable pore morphologies, extraordinary mechanical properties, and high sorption rates and capacities for PAHs. Sorbent materials based on single-network (SN), double-network (DN), and triple-network (TN) butyl rubber were prepared via the cryogelation technique from butyl rubber solutions in benzene as the solvent at -18 °C using a sulfur monochloride cross-linker. To obtain macroporous rubbers with DN and TN structures, the reactions were conducted in the macropores of SN and DN rubber networks, respectively. The porous morphology and the mechanical behavior of the rubbers can be tuned by adjusting the weight ratio wR of the network components. The rubbers exhibit two generations of pores, namely, large and small pores with diameters 40-240 and 14-54 μm, respectively. The sizes of both large and small pores decrease and approach each other as wR is increased. Four PAH compounds, namely, naphthalene, phenanthrene, fluoranthene, and pyrene with two to four aromatic rings, dissolved in filtered seawater with a salinity of 22 ppt were used to highlight the correlations between the properties of macroporous rubbers and their absorption rates and capacities. Nonporous silicone rubber reported before as a passive sampler has the lowest absorption rate and capacity as compared to the macroporous rubbers. The SN rubber absorbs most rapidly PAHs because of its largest porosity, whereas the TN rubber with the smallest pores exhibits the highest sorption capacity.
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Conrad B, Han LH, Yang F. Gelatin-Based Microribbon Hydrogels Accelerate Cartilage Formation by Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Three Dimensions. Tissue Eng Part A 2019; 24:1631-1640. [PMID: 29926770 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2018.0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogels (HGs) are attractive matrices for cell-based cartilage tissue regeneration given their injectability and ability to fill defects with irregular shapes. However, most HGs developed to date often lack cell scale macroporosity, which restrains the encapsulated cells, leading to delayed new extracellular matrix deposition restricted to pericellular regions. Furthermore, tissue-engineered cartilage using conventional HGs generally suffers from poor mechanical property and fails to restore the load-bearing property of articular cartilage. The goal of this study was to evaluate the potential of macroporous gelatin-based microribbon (μRB) HGs as novel 3D matrices for accelerating chondrogenesis and new cartilage formation by human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in 3D with improved mechanical properties. Unlike conventional HGs, these μRB HGs are inherently macroporous and exhibit cartilage-mimicking shock-absorbing mechanical property. After 21 days of culture, MSC-seeded μRB scaffolds exhibit a 20-fold increase in compressive modulus to 225 kPa, a range that is approaching the level of native cartilage. In contrast, HGs only resulted in a modest increase in compressive modulus of 65 kPa. Compared with conventional HGs, macroporous μRB scaffolds significantly increased the total amount of neocartilage produced by MSCs in 3D, with improved interconnectivity and mechanical strength. Altogether, these results validate gelatin-based μRBs as promising scaffolds for enhancing and accelerating MSC-based cartilage regeneration and may be used to enhance cartilage regeneration using other cell types as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogdan Conrad
- 1 Program of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, California
| | - Li-Hsin Han
- 2 Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, California
| | - Fan Yang
- 3 Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Bioengineering, Stanford University , Stanford, California
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Duin S, Schütz K, Ahlfeld T, Lehmann S, Lode A, Ludwig B, Gelinsky M. 3D Bioprinting of Functional Islets of Langerhans in an Alginate/Methylcellulose Hydrogel Blend. Adv Healthc Mater 2019; 8:e1801631. [PMID: 30835971 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201801631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Transplantation of pancreatic islets is a promising strategy to alleviate the unstable blood-glucose control that some patients with diabetes type 1 exhibit and has seen many advances over the years. Protection of transplanted islets from the immune system can be accomplished by encapsulation within a hydrogel, the most investigated of which is alginate. In this study, islet encapsulation is combined with 3D extrusion bioprinting, an additive manufacturing method which enables the fabrication of 3D structures with a precise geometry to produce macroporous hydrogel constructs with embedded islets. Using a plottable hydrogel blend consisting of clinically approved ultrapure alginate and methylcellulose (Alg/MC) enables encapsulating pancreatic islets in macroporous 3D hydrogel constructs of defined geometry while retaining their viability, morphology, and functionality. Diffusion of glucose and insulin in the Alg/MC hydrogel is comparable to diffusion in plain alginate; the embedded islets continuously produce insulin and glucagon throughout the observation and still react to glucose stimulation albeit to a lesser degree than control islets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Duin
- Centre for Translational BoneJoint and Soft Tissue ResearchUniversity Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine of Technische Universität Dresden Fetscherstr. 74 01307 Dresden Germany
| | - Kathleen Schütz
- Centre for Translational BoneJoint and Soft Tissue ResearchUniversity Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine of Technische Universität Dresden Fetscherstr. 74 01307 Dresden Germany
| | - Tilman Ahlfeld
- Centre for Translational BoneJoint and Soft Tissue ResearchUniversity Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine of Technische Universität Dresden Fetscherstr. 74 01307 Dresden Germany
| | - Susann Lehmann
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of Helmholtz Centre Munich at University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus of Technische Universität Dresden and German Centre for Diabetes Research Dresden, Tatzberg 47‐49 01307 Dresden Germany
| | - Anja Lode
- Centre for Translational BoneJoint and Soft Tissue ResearchUniversity Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine of Technische Universität Dresden Fetscherstr. 74 01307 Dresden Germany
| | - Barbara Ludwig
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of Helmholtz Centre Munich at University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus of Technische Universität Dresden and German Centre for Diabetes Research Dresden, Tatzberg 47‐49 01307 Dresden Germany
- Department of Medicine IIIUniversity Hospital Carl Gustav CarusTechnische Universität Dresden Fetscherstraße 74 01307 Dresden Germany
| | - Michael Gelinsky
- Centre for Translational BoneJoint and Soft Tissue ResearchUniversity Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine of Technische Universität Dresden Fetscherstr. 74 01307 Dresden Germany
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Pan Y, Li B, Liu Z, Yang Z, Yang X, Shi K, Li W, Peng C, Wang W, Ji X. Superfast and Reversible Thermoresponse of Poly( N-isopropylacrylamide) Hydrogels Grafted on Macroporous Poly(vinyl alcohol) Formaldehyde Sponges. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2018; 10:32747-32759. [PMID: 30157634 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b12395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Poly( N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm), a typical thermoresponsive polymer, exhibits potential application in smart materials. However, bulk PNIPAAm hydrogel monoliths undergo slow volume phase transition at least tens of minutes to hours as determined by the shape and size of polymers due to the formation of the skin layer. In this regard, novel macroporous sponges with rapid thermoresponse are prepared via grafting polymerization of N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) onto the macroporous poly(vinyl alcohol) formaldehyde (PVF) network as confirmed by attenuated total reflection-infrared (ATR IR) and 1H NMR spectra. As prepared PVF- g-PNIPAAm sponges display interconnected open-cell structures, and their average pore sizes and porosities are ∼90 μm and >85%, respectively. The equilibrium swelling ratio of PVF- g-PNIPAAm sponges varies from 11 to 50 with temperature. The volume phase transition temperature is at 30-34 °C, as detected in the DSC curves of swollen samples. These features indicate that the existence of the original PVF network exerts almost no influence on the PNIPAAm temperature responsibility. As prepared samples can reach the swelling equilibrium in less than 80 s, and their rapid swelling kinetics can be fitted using the pseudo-first-order rate kinetic equation. Notably, the samples also display rapid deswelling rate in less than 40 s at relative high temperature (48 °C), thereby indicating a superfast responsive behavior to temperature change. The PVF- g-PNIPAAm sponges exhibit rapid and reversible thermoresponse in repeatable swelling-deswelling cycles, which can satisfy the need of special smart materials. In particular, combined with iodine solution (i.e., PVF- g-PNIPAAm/I2), these sponges can serve as a novel temperature indicator and exhibit excellent antibacterial performances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxiong Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130022 , P. R. China
| | - Bingrui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130022 , P. R. China
| | - Zhi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130022 , P. R. China
| | - Zhongyu Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , North Dakota State University , Fargo , North Dakota 58108 , United States
| | - Xu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130022 , P. R. China
| | - Kai Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130022 , P. R. China
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130022 , P. R. China
| | - Chao Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130022 , P. R. China
| | - Weicai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130022 , P. R. China
| | - Xiangling Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130022 , P. R. China
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Teng F, Ding H, Huang Y, Wang J. Fabrication of three-dimensional nanofibrous gelatin scaffolds using one-step crosslink technique. J Biomater Sci Polym Ed 2018; 29:1859-1875. [PMID: 30132379 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2018.1515299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Electrospun nanofibers have been considered to be an ideal scaffold for tissue engineering, because of the extracellular-matrix-like structure and the well-controlled fabrication. Here, a new method was used to fabricate electrospun three-dimensional macroporous nanofibrous gelatin scaffolds in ethanol bath by one-step crosslink with glutaraldehyde. The mean diameter of the one-step crosslinked fibers was significantly smaller than that of the traditional two-step crosslinked fibers (p < 0.05), and scaffolds prepared by one-step crosslink were fluffy and porous. No significant difference was found in the degradation rates for both fibers within 14 days. After immersion in PBS for 14 days, numerous two-step crosslinked fibers merged together. By contrast, the morphology and macroporous structure of one-step crosslinked fibers showed no evident change and were generally maintained. Approximate crosslinking degrees of the two-step and one-step crosslinked gelatin fibers were 40% and 54%, respectively (p < 0.05). Results from fluorescence microscopy and hematoxylin-eosin staining showed that MC3T3-E1 subclone four cells were distributed more evenly and diversely in the one-step crosslinked fiber scaffolds. The one-step crosslinked fibers enhanced the proliferation and differentiation potential of MC3T3-E1 cells. Furthermore, one-step crosslinked fibers were beneficial in repairing defects in the skulls of rats. Thus, one-step crosslink by glutaraldehyde in ethanol bath is a cost-effective and simple method to fabricate three-dimensional macroporous nanofiberous scaffolds. This technique retains the morphology and structure of the gelatin fibers, and enhances the biological performance of scaffolds in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangjun Teng
- a Department of Prosthodontics, Hubei-MOST KLOS & KLOBM , School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University , Wuhan , China.,b Department of Stomatology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan , Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , China
| | - Huifen Ding
- a Department of Prosthodontics, Hubei-MOST KLOS & KLOBM , School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University , Wuhan , China
| | - Yiqing Huang
- a Department of Prosthodontics, Hubei-MOST KLOS & KLOBM , School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University , Wuhan , China
| | - Jiawei Wang
- a Department of Prosthodontics, Hubei-MOST KLOS & KLOBM , School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University , Wuhan , China
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Luo X, Al-Antaki AHM, Harvey DP, Ruan Y, He S, Zhang W, Raston CL. Vortex Fluidic Mediated Synthesis of Macroporous Bovine Serum Albumin-Based Microspheres. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2018; 10:27224-27232. [PMID: 30028117 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b09316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Macroporous bovine serum albumin (BSA) nanoparticles with controllable diameter were readily fabricated in a rapidly rotating angled glass tube in a vortex fluidic device (VFD). Systematically varying the rotational speed and the ratio of BSA, ethanol, and glutaraldehyde led to conditions for generating ca. 600 nm diameter macroporous particles that have intrinsic fluorescence emission at 520 nm when excited at 490 nm. The presence of the macropores increased the absorption efficiency of rhodamine B with potential applications for drug delivery purpose, compared with BSA nanoparticles having surfaces devoid of pores. Further control over the size of BSA nanoparticles occurred in the presence of C-phycocyanin protein during the VFD processing, along with control of their shape, from spheres to pockets, as established in exploring the parameter space of the microfluidic device.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yinlan Ruan
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, Institute of Photonics and Advanced Sensing , Adelaide University , Adelaide , South Australia 5005 , Australia
| | - Shan He
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry Chemical Engineering , Guangzhou University , Guangzhou 510006 , China
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Isaacs MA, Barbero B, Durndell LJ, Hilton AC, Olivi L, Parlett CMA, Wilson K, Lee AF. Tunable Silver-Functionalized Porous Frameworks for Antibacterial Applications. Antibiotics (Basel) 2018; 7:antibiotics7030055. [PMID: 29970796 PMCID: PMC6165165 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics7030055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Healthcare-associated infections and the rise of drug-resistant bacteria pose significant challenges to existing antibiotic therapies. Silver nanocomposites are a promising solution to the current crisis, however their therapeutic application requires improved understanding of underpinning structure-function relationships. A family of chemically and structurally modified mesoporous SBA-15 silicas were synthesized as porous host matrices to tune the physicochemical properties of silver nanoparticles. Physicochemical characterization by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy (XANES) and porosimetry demonstrate that functionalization by a titania monolayer and the incorporation of macroporosity both increase silver nanoparticle dispersion throughout the silica matrix, thereby promoting Ag2CO3 formation and the release of ionic silver in simulated tissue fluid. The Ag2CO3 concentration within functionalized porous architectures is a strong predictor for antibacterial efficacy against a broad spectrum of pathogens, including C. difficile and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Isaacs
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, London WC1H 0AJ, UK.
| | - Brunella Barbero
- European Bioenergy Research Institute, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK.
| | - Lee J Durndell
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrect University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Anthony C Hilton
- Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK.
| | - Luca Olivi
- Sincrotrone Trieste, 34149 Basovizza, Italy.
| | | | - Karen Wilson
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia.
| | - Adam F Lee
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia.
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24
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Tong X, Yang F. Recent Progress in Developing Injectable Matrices for Enhancing Cell Delivery and Tissue Regeneration. Adv Healthc Mater 2018; 7:e1701065. [PMID: 29280328 PMCID: PMC6425976 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201701065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Revised: 10/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Biomaterials are key factors in regenerative medicine. Matrices used for cell delivery are especially important, as they provide support to transplanted cells that is essential for promoting cell survival, retention, and desirable phenotypes. Injectable matrices have become promising and attractive due to their minimum invasiveness and ease of use. Conventional injectable matrices mostly use hydrogel precursor solutions that form solid, cell-laden hydrogel scaffolds in situ. However, these materials are associated with challenges in biocompatibility, shear-induced cell death, lack of control over cellular phenotype, lack of macroporosity and remodeling, and relatively weak mechanical strength. This Progress Report provides a brief overview of recent progress in developing injectable matrices to overcome the limitations of conventional in situ hydrogels. Biocompatible chemistry and shear-thinning hydrogels have been introduced to promote cell survival and retention. Emerging investigations of the effects of matrix properties on cellular function in 3D provide important guidelines for promoting desirable cellular phenotypes. Moreover, several novel approaches are combining injectability with macroporosity to achieve macroporous, injectable matrices for cell delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinming Tong
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA, 94305, United States.
| | - F. Yang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Bioengineering, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Dr., Edwards R105, CA, 94305, United States.
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25
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Wang XD, Cao Y, Teng Y, Chen HY, Xu YF, Kuang DB. Large-Area Synthesis of a Ni 2P Honeycomb Electrode for Highly Efficient Water Splitting. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2017; 9:32812-32819. [PMID: 28875698 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b10893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Transition metal phosphides have recently been regarded as robust, inexpensive electrocatalysts for both the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Thus far, tremendous scientific efforts have been applied to improve the catalytic activity of the catalyst, whereas the scale-up fabrication of morphology-controlled catalysts while maintaining their desired performance remains a great challenge. Herein, we present a facile and scalable approach to fabricate the macroporous Ni2P/nickel foam electrode. The obtained electrocatalyst exhibits superior bifunctional catalytic activity and durability, as evidenced by a low overpotential of 205 and 300 mV required to achieve a high current density of 100 mA cm-2 for HER and OER, respectively. Such a spray-based strategy is believed to widely adapt for the preparation of electrodes with uniform macroporous structures over a large area (e.g., 100 cm2), which provides a universal strategy for the mass fabrication of high performance water-splitting electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Dong Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, Lehn Institute of Functional Materials, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Yang Cao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, Lehn Institute of Functional Materials, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Teng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, Lehn Institute of Functional Materials, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Hong-Yan Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, Lehn Institute of Functional Materials, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Yang-Fan Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, Lehn Institute of Functional Materials, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Dai-Bin Kuang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, Lehn Institute of Functional Materials, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
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26
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Penders J, Rajasekharan AK, Hulander M, Andersson M. In Situ Gold Nanoparticle Gradient Formation in a 3D Meso- and Macroporous Polymer Matrix. Macromol Rapid Commun 2017; 38. [PMID: 28671754 DOI: 10.1002/marc.201700231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Revised: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Herein, the development and characterization of a 3D gradient structure of gold nanoparticles is described. The gradient of gold nanoparticles is made in situ in a macroporous nonionic block copolymer hydrogel matrix, through gold ion diffusion control. The polymer provides a matrix for diffusion of gold ions, acts as a template for controlling nanoparticle growth, and facilitates the in situ reduction of gold ions to gold nanoparticles. A clear gradient in gold nanoparticles is observed across the 3D space of the polymer matrix using scanning electron microscopy, fluorescence microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. The particle gradient is further functionalized with both hydrophobic and hydrophilic groups via thiol-gold linkage to demonstrate the ability to form gradients with different chemical functionalities. Using additive manufacturing, the polymer can also be printed as a porous network with possible applications for 3D cell culturing in, e.g., biomaterials research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelle Penders
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, SE-41296, Sweden.,Department of Materials, Imperial College, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Anand K Rajasekharan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, SE-41296, Sweden
| | - Mats Hulander
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, SE-41296, Sweden
| | - Martin Andersson
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, SE-41296, Sweden
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27
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Liu S, Wang F, Dong R, Zhang T, Zhang J, Zheng Z, Mai Y, Feng X. Soft-Template Construction of 3D Macroporous Polypyrrole Scaffolds. Small 2017; 13:1604099. [PMID: 28145629 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201604099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A bottom-up approach toward 3D hierarchical macroporous polypyrrole aerogels is demonstrated via soft template-directed synthesis and self-assembly of ultrathin polypyrrole nanosheets in solution, which present interconnected macropores, ultrathin walls, and large specific surface areas, thereby exhibiting a high capacity, satisfactory rate capability, and excellent cycling stability for Na-ion storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaohua Liu
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) & Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Faxing Wang
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) & Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Renhao Dong
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) & Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Tao Zhang
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) & Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jian Zhang
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) & Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Zhikun Zheng
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) & Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Yiyong Mai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, 200240, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Xinliang Feng
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) & Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
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28
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Yu YY, Zhai DD, Si RW, Sun JZ, Liu X, Yong YC. Three-Dimensional Electrodes for High-Performance Bioelectrochemical Systems. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18010090. [PMID: 28054970 PMCID: PMC5297724 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18010090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Revised: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioelectrochemical systems (BES) are groups of bioelectrochemical technologies and platforms that could facilitate versatile environmental and biological applications. The performance of BES is mainly determined by the key process of electron transfer at the bacteria and electrode interface, which is known as extracellular electron transfer (EET). Thus, developing novel electrodes to encourage bacteria attachment and enhance EET efficiency is of great significance. Recently, three-dimensional (3D) electrodes, which provide large specific area for bacteria attachment and macroporous structures for substrate diffusion, have emerged as a promising electrode for high-performance BES. Herein, a comprehensive review of versatile methodology developed for 3D electrode fabrication is presented. This review article is organized based on the categorization of 3D electrode fabrication strategy and BES performance comparison. In particular, the advantages and shortcomings of these 3D electrodes are presented and their future development is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Yang Yu
- Biofuels Institute, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Dan-Dan Zhai
- Biofuels Institute, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Rong-Wei Si
- Biofuels Institute, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Jian-Zhong Sun
- Biofuels Institute, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Xiang Liu
- Biofuels Institute, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Yang-Chun Yong
- Biofuels Institute, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
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29
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Lee S, Tong X, Han LH, Behn A, Yang F. Winner of the Young Investigator Award of the Society for Biomaterials (USA) for 2016, 10th World Biomaterials Congress, May 17-22, 2016, Montreal QC, Canada: Aligned microribbon-like hydrogels for guiding three-dimensional smooth muscle tissue regeneration. J Biomed Mater Res A 2016; 104:1064-71. [PMID: 26799256 PMCID: PMC5127626 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Revised: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Smooth muscle tissue is characterized by aligned structures, which is critical for its contractile functions. Smooth muscle injury is common and can be caused by various diseases and degenerative processes, and there remains a strong need to develop effective therapies for smooth muscle tissue regeneration with restored structures. To guide cell alignment, previously cells were cultured on 2D nano/microgrooved substrates, but such method is limited to fabricating 2D aligned cell sheets only. Alternatively, aligned electrospun nanofiber has been employed as 3D scaffold for cell alignment, but cells can only be seeded post fabrication, and nanoporosity of electrospun fiber meshes often leads to poor cell distribution. To overcome these limitations, we report aligned gelatin-based microribbons (µRBs) as macroporous hydrogels for guiding smooth muscle alignment in 3D. We developed aligned µRB-like hydrogels using wet spinning, which allows easy fabrication of tissue-scale (cm) macroporous matrices with alignment cues and supports direct cell encapsulation. The macroporosity within µRB-based hydrogels facilitated cell proliferation, new matrix deposition, and nutrient diffusion. In aligned µRB scaffold, smooth muscle cells showed high viability, rapid adhesion, and alignment following µRB direction. Aligned µRB scaffolds supported retention of smooth muscle contractile phenotype, and accelerated uniaxial deposition of new matrix (collagen I/IV) along the µRB. In contrast, cells encapsulated in conventional gelatin hydrogels remained round with matrix deposition limited to pericellular regions only. We envision such aligned µRB scaffold can be broadly applicable in growing other anisotropic tissues including tendon, nerves and blood vessel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soah Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305
| | - Xinming Tong
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305
| | - Li-Hsin Han
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305
| | - Anthony Behn
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305
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30
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Han LH, Conrad B, Chung MT, Deveza L, Jiang X, Wang A, Butte MJ, Longaker MT, Wan D, Yang F. Winner of the Young Investigator Award of the Society for Biomaterials at the 10th World Biomaterials Congress, May 17-22, 2016, Montreal QC, Canada: Microribbon-based hydrogels accelerate stem cell-based bone regeneration in a mouse critical-size cranial defect model. J Biomed Mater Res A 2016; 104:1321-31. [PMID: 26991141 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2015] [Revised: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Stem cell-based therapies hold great promise for enhancing tissue regeneration. However, the majority of cells die shortly after transplantation, which greatly diminishes the efficacy of stem cell-based therapies. Poor cell engraftment and survival remain a major bottleneck to fully exploiting the power of stem cells for regenerative medicine. Biomaterials such as hydrogels can serve as artificial matrices to protect cells during delivery and guide desirable cell fates. However, conventional hydrogels often lack macroporosity, which restricts cell proliferation and delays matrix deposition. Here we report the use of injectable, macroporous microribbon (μRB) hydrogels as stem cell carriers for bone repair, which supports direct cell encapsulation into a macroporous scaffold with rapid spreading. When transplanted in a critical-sized, mouse cranial defect model, μRB-based hydrogels significantly enhanced the survival of transplanted adipose-derived stromal cells (ADSCs) (81%) and enabled up to three-fold cell proliferation after 7 days. In contrast, conventional hydrogels only led to 27% cell survival, which continued to decrease over time. MicroCT imaging showed μRBs enhanced and accelerated mineralized bone repair compared to hydrogels (61% vs. 34% by week 6), and stem cells were required for bone repair to occur. These results suggest that paracrine signaling of transplanted stem cells are responsible for the observed bone repair, and enhancing cell survival and proliferation using μRBs further promoted the paracrine-signaling effects of ADSCs for stimulating endogenous bone repair. We envision μRB-based scaffolds can be broadly useful as a novel scaffold for enhancing stem cell survival and regeneration of other tissue types. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 104A: 1321-1331, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Hsin Han
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Dr, Edward Building Room 114, Stanford, California 94305
| | - Bogdan Conrad
- Program of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Dr, Edward Building Room 114, Stanford, California 94305
| | - Michael T Chung
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 257 Campus Dr, Hagey Building Room GK106, Stanford, California 94305
| | - Lorenzo Deveza
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Dr, Edward Building Room 114, Stanford, California 94305
| | - Xinyi Jiang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Dr, Edward Building Room 114, Stanford, California 94305
| | - Andrew Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Dr, Grant Building Room H307A, Stanford, California 94305
| | - Manish J Butte
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Dr, Grant Building Room H307A, Stanford, California 94305
| | - Michael T Longaker
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, 257 Campus Dr, Hagey Building Room GK106, Stanford, California 94305
| | - Derrick Wan
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 257 Campus Dr, Hagey Building Room GK106, Stanford, California 94305
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Dr, Edward Building Room 114, Stanford, California 94305.,Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Dr, Edward Building Room 114, Stanford, California 94305
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31
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Abstract
ZnO is an important n-type semiconductor sensing material. Currently, much attention has been attracted to finding an effective method to prepare ZnO nanomaterials with high sensing sensitivity and excellent selectivity. A three-dimensionally ordered macroporous (3DOM) ZnO nanostructure with a large surface area is beneficial to gas and electron transfer, which can enhance the gas sensitivity of ZnO. Indium (In) doping is an effective way to improve the sensing properties of ZnO. In this paper, In-doped 3DOM ZnO with enhanced sensitivity and selectivity has been synthesized by using a colloidal crystal templating method. The 3DOM ZnO with 5 at. % of In-doping exhibits the highest sensitivity (∼88) to 100 ppm ethanol at 250 °C, which is approximately 3 times higher than that of pure 3DOM ZnO. The huge improvement to the sensitivity to ethanol was attributed to the increase in the surface area and the electron carrier concentration. The doping by In introduces more electrons into the matrix, which is helpful for increasing the amount of adsorbed oxygen, leading to high sensitivity. The In-doped 3DOM ZnO is a promising material for a new type of ethanol sensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029, China
| | - Ziwei Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029, China
| | - Dongmei Han
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029, China
| | - Fubo Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029, China
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32
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Fang Y, Ni Y, Choi B, Leo SY, Gao J, Ge B, Taylor C, Basile V, Jiang P. Chromogenic Photonic Crystals Enabled by Novel Vapor-Responsive Shape-Memory Polymers. Adv Mater 2015; 27:3696-704. [PMID: 25981680 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201500835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Revised: 04/10/2015] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
A new type of shape-memory polymer (SMP) is developed by integrating scientific principles drawn from two disparate fields: the fast-growing photonic crystal and SMP technologies. This new SMP enables room-temperature operation for the entire shape-memory cycle and instantaneous shape recovery triggered by exposure to a variety of organic vapors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Fang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Yongliang Ni
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Baeck Choi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Sin-Yen Leo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Jian Gao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Beverly Ge
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Curtis Taylor
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Vito Basile
- ITIA-CNR, Industrial Technologies and Automation Institute, National Council of Research, Via Bassini, 15, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Peng Jiang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
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33
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Lu CC, Huang YS, Huang JW, Chang CK, Wu SP. A macroporous TiO2 oxygen sensor fabricated using anodic aluminium oxide as an etching mask. Sensors (Basel) 2010; 10:670-83. [PMID: 22315561 DOI: 10.3390/s100100670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2009] [Revised: 01/01/2010] [Accepted: 01/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
An innovative fabrication method to produce a macroporous Si surface by employing an anodic aluminium oxide (AAO) nanopore array layer as an etching template is presented. Combining AAO with a reactive ion etching (RIE) processes, a homogeneous and macroporous silicon surface can be effectively configured by modulating AAO process parameters and alumina film thickness, thus hopefully replacing conventional photolithography and electrochemical etch methods. The hybrid process integration is considered fully CMOS compatible thanks to the low-temperature AAO and CMOS processes. The gas-sensing characteristics of 50 nm TiO(2) nanofilms deposited on the macroporous surface are compared with those of conventional plain (or non-porous) nanofilms to verify reduced response noise and improved sensitivity as a result of their macroporosity. Our experimental results reveal that macroporous geometry of the TiO(2) chemoresistive gas sensor demonstrates 2-fold higher (∼33%) improved sensitivity than a non-porous sensor at different levels of oxygen exposure. In addition, the macroporous device exhibits excellent discrimination capability and significantly lessened response noise at 500 °C. Experimental results indicate that the hybrid process of such miniature and macroporous devices are compatible as well as applicable to integrated next generation bio-chemical sensors.
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