1
|
Li M, Shang X, Lou H, Wang Z, Xiang S, Qiu Y, Hu F, Yu F, Yuan H. Active Anchoring Stimuli-Responsive Nano-Craft to Relieve Pulmonary Vasoconstriction by Targeting Smooth Muscle Cell for Hypoxic Pulmonary Hypertension Treatment. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2400113. [PMID: 38412500 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202400113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Recently, nanotechnology-based drug delivery platforms in treating pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) have gradually emerged. However, large mechanical stress and shear stress in blood vessels greatly affect the retention of nanopreparative materials at lesion sites, severely limiting nanotechnology-based drug delivery. Herein, a stimuli-responsive nanocraft is rationally designed by actively anchoring E-selectin overexpressed on pulmonary arterial endothelial cells (PAECs), under hypoxic conditions, allowing effective accumulation and retention of the drug at the lesion site. Briefly, a nitrobenzene group is incorporated into the framework of a nanocarrier, and then it is simultaneously linked with chitosan. Additionally, the surface of the nanocarrier with sialic acid (SA) and encapsulated the clinically used drug ambrisentan (Am), which enables the anchoring of E-selectin and subsequent drug delivery is modifed. This system facilitates intercellular transport to pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) when targeting PAECs and specifically responds to a reductive hypoxic microenvironment with elevated nitroreductase in PASMCs. Moreover, compared with free Am, nanoencapsulation and SA-PEG2000-NH2 prolong the blood circulation time, achieving better therapeutic outcomes in preventing vascular remodeling and reversing systolic dysfunction. The originality and contribution of this work reveal the promising value of this pulmonary arterial anchoring stimuli-responsive nanocraft as a novel therapeutic strategy for satisfactory PAH treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingxing Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Xuwei Shang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China
| | - Haiya Lou
- Department of Diagnostic Ultrasound and Echocardiography, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Zixu Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China
| | - Shanshan Xiang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China
| | - Yihe Qiu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China
| | - Fuqiang Hu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Fangying Yu
- Department of Diagnostic Ultrasound and Echocardiography, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Hong Yuan
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lacueva-Aparicio A, González VJ, Remacha AR, Woods D, Prado E, Ochoa I, Oliván S, Vázquez E. A microphysiological system for handling graphene related materials under flow conditions. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2024; 9:990-1001. [PMID: 38606529 DOI: 10.1039/d4nh00064a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
The field of nanotechnology has developed rapidly in recent decades due to its broad applications in many industrial and biomedical fields. Notably, 2D materials such as graphene-related materials (GRMs) have been extensively explored and, as such, their safety needs to be assessed. However, GRMs tend to deposit quickly, present low stability in aqueous solutions, and adsorb to plastic materials. Consequently, traditional approaches based on static assays facilitate their deposition and adsorption and fail to recreate human physiological conditions. Organ-on-a-chip (OOC) technology could, however, solve these drawbacks and lead to the development of microphysiological systems (MPSs) that mimic the microenvironment present in human tissues. In light of the above, in the present study a microfluidic system under flow conditions has been optimised to minimise graphene oxide (GO) and few-layer graphene (FLG) adsorption and deposition. For that purpose, a kidney-on-a-chip was developed and optimised to evaluate the effects of exposure to GO and FLG flakes at a sublethal dose under fluid flow conditions. In summary, MPSs are an innovative and precise tool for evaluating the effects of exposure to GRMs and other type of nanomaterials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alodia Lacueva-Aparicio
- Tissue Microenvironment (TME) Lab, I3A _ IIS Aragón, University of Zaragoza, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto Regional de Investigación Científica Aplicada (IRICA), University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real 13071, Spain.
| | - Viviana Jehová González
- Instituto Regional de Investigación Científica Aplicada (IRICA), University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real 13071, Spain.
| | - Ana Rosa Remacha
- Tissue Microenvironment (TME) Lab, I3A _ IIS Aragón, University of Zaragoza, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Daniel Woods
- Tissue Microenvironment (TME) Lab, I3A _ IIS Aragón, University of Zaragoza, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Eduardo Prado
- Instituto Regional de Investigación Científica Aplicada (IRICA), University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real 13071, Spain.
| | - Ignacio Ochoa
- Tissue Microenvironment (TME) Lab, I3A _ IIS Aragón, University of Zaragoza, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
- CIBER in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Oliván
- Tissue Microenvironment (TME) Lab, I3A _ IIS Aragón, University of Zaragoza, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ester Vázquez
- Instituto Regional de Investigación Científica Aplicada (IRICA), University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real 13071, Spain.
- Faculty of Chemical Science and Technology, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real 13071, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Andrew LJ, Kly S, Moloney EG, Moffitt MG. Effects of Microfluidic Shear on the Plasmid DNA Structure: Implications for Polymeric Gene Delivery Vectors. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:11545-11555. [PMID: 37552625 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c00934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidic manufacturing of advanced gene delivery vectors necessitates consideration of the effects of microfluidic shear forces on the structural integrity of plasmid DNA (pDNA). In this paper, we expose pDNA to variable shear forces in a two-phase, gas-liquid microfluidic reactor and apply gel electrophoresis to analyze the products of on-chip shear-induced degradation. The effects of shear rate, solvent environment, pDNA size, and copolymer complexation on shear-induced degradation are investigated. We find that small naked pDNA (pUC18, 2.7 kb) exhibits shear rate-dependent shear degradation in the microfluidic channels in a mixed organic solvent (dioxane/water/acetic acid; 90/10/<0.1 w/w/w), with the extents of both supercoil isoform relaxation and complete fragmentation increasing as the maximum shear rates increase from 4 × 105 to 2 × 106 s-1. However, over the same range of shear rates, the same pDNA sample shows no evidence of microfluidic shear-induced degradation in a pure aqueous environment. Quiescent control experiments in the same mixed organic solvent prove that a combination of solvent and shear forces is involved in the observed shear-induced degradation. Furthermore, we show that shear degradation effects in mixed organic solvents can be significantly attenuated by complexation of pDNA with the block copolymer polycaprolactone-block-poly(2-vinylpyridine) prior to exposure to microfluidic shear. Finally, we demonstrate that medium (pDSK519, 8.1 kb) and large (pRK290, 20 kb) naked pDNA are more sensitive to shear-induced microfluidic degradation in the mixed organic solvent environment than small pDNA, with both plasmids showing complete fragmentation even at the lowest shear rate, although we found no evidence of shear-induced damage in water for the largest investigated naked pDNA even at the highest flow rate. The resulting understanding of the interplay of the solvent and shear effects during microfluidic processing should inform microfluidic manufacturing routes to new gene therapy formulations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucas J Andrew
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 1700 Stn CSC, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada
| | - Sundiata Kly
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 1700 Stn CSC, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada
| | - Erin G Moloney
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 1700 Stn CSC, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada
| | - Matthew G Moffitt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 1700 Stn CSC, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ma HL, Urbaczek AC, Zeferino Ribeiro de Souza F, Bernal C, Rodrigues Perussi J, Carrilho E. Replicating endothelial shear stress in organ-on-a-chip for predictive hypericin photodynamic efficiency. Int J Pharm 2023; 634:122629. [PMID: 36682507 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.122629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy using Hypericin (Hy-PDT) is an alternative non-invasive treatment that enables selective tumor inhibition and angiogenesis derived from the differential recruitment of endothelial cells in the tumor microenvironment. Most PDT studies were performed on in vitro models without vascular biomechanical simulation. Our work strives to develop a microchip that generates a constant shear stress force to investigate the Hy-PDT efficiency on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). The microchip with a single straight microchannel was composed of the bottom layer (polystyrene), the middle layer (double-sided biocompatible adhesive tape), and the top layer (polyester film) and could produce shear stress in the range of 1.4 - 7.0 dyn cm-2. The quantification of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), cell viability, and activities of caspases 3 and 7 were assayed to validate the microchip and Hy-PDT efficacy. After the endothelization, static and dynamic cell incubations with Hy were conducted in microchips. Compared to static systems, the shear stress displayed its effect on the increasing release of VEGF and promoted more cell damage and cell death via necrosis during Hy-PDT. In conclusion, the expressive shear stress-dependent manner during PDT treatments suggests that the microchip could be an essential approach in preclinical tests to evaluate the therapeutic outcome considering the endothelial shear stress microenvironment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Ling Ma
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, 13566-590 São Carlos, SP, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Bioanalítica, INCTBio, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Urbaczek
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, 13566-590 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Fayene Zeferino Ribeiro de Souza
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, 13566-590 São Carlos, SP, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Bioanalítica, INCTBio, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Claudia Bernal
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, 13566-590 São Carlos, SP, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Bioanalítica, INCTBio, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Emanuel Carrilho
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, 13566-590 São Carlos, SP, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Bioanalítica, INCTBio, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Diniz F, Azevedo M, Sousa F, Osório H, Campos D, Sampaio P, Gomes J, Sarmento B, Reis CA. Polymeric nanoparticles targeting Sialyl-Tn in gastric cancer: A live tracking under flow conditions. Mater Today Bio 2022; 16:100417. [PMID: 36105678 PMCID: PMC9465339 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Drug delivery using nanoparticles (NPs) represents a potential approach for therapy in cancer, such gastric cancer (GC) due to their targeting ability and controlled release properties. The use of advanced nanosystems that deliver anti-cancer drugs specifically to tumor cells may strongly rely on the expression of cancer-associated targets. Glycans aberrantly expressed by cancer cells are attractive targets for such delivery strategy. Sialylated glycans, such as Sialyl-Tn (STn) are aberrantly expressed in several epithelial tumors, including GC, being a potential target for a delivery nanosystem. The aim of this study was the development of NPs surface-functionalized with a specific antibody targeting the STn glycan and further evaluate this nanosystem effectiveness regarding its specificity and recognition capacity. Our results showed that the NPs surface-functionalized with anti-STn antibody efficiently are recognized by cells displaying the cancer-associated STn antigen under static and live cell monitoring flow conditions. This uncovers the potential use of such NPs for drug delivery in cancer. However, flow exposure was disclosed as an important biomechanical parameter to be taken into consideration. Here we presented an innovative and successful methodology to live track the NPs targeting STn antigen under shear stress, simulating the physiological flow. We demonstrate that unspecific binding of NPs agglomerates did not occur under flow conditions, in contrast with static assays. This robust approach can be applied for in vitro drug studies, giving valuable insights for in vivo studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francisca Diniz
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- IPATIMUP -Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria Azevedo
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Flávia Sousa
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- INEB- Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- CESPU-IUCS, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal
| | - Hugo Osório
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- IPATIMUP -Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Diana Campos
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- IPATIMUP -Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Paula Sampaio
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Gomes
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- IPATIMUP -Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Bruno Sarmento
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- INEB- Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- CESPU-IUCS, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal
| | - Celso A. Reis
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- IPATIMUP -Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- FMUP- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Corresponding author. i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Mechanical Forces Govern Interactions of Host Cells with Intracellular Bacterial Pathogens. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 2022; 86:e0009420. [PMID: 35285720 PMCID: PMC9199418 DOI: 10.1128/mmbr.00094-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To combat infectious diseases, it is important to understand how host cells interact with bacterial pathogens. Signals conveyed from pathogen to host, and vice versa, may be either chemical or mechanical. While the molecular and biochemical basis of host-pathogen interactions has been extensively explored, relatively less is known about mechanical signals and responses in the context of those interactions. Nevertheless, a wide variety of bacterial pathogens appear to have developed mechanisms to alter the cellular biomechanics of their hosts in order to promote their survival and dissemination, and in turn many host responses to infection rely on mechanical alterations in host cells and tissues to limit the spread of infection. In this review, we present recent findings on how mechanical forces generated by host cells can promote or obstruct the dissemination of intracellular bacterial pathogens. In addition, we discuss how in vivo extracellular mechanical signals influence interactions between host cells and intracellular bacterial pathogens. Examples of such signals include shear stresses caused by fluid flow over the surface of cells and variable stiffness of the extracellular matrix on which cells are anchored. We highlight bioengineering-inspired tools and techniques that can be used to measure host cell mechanics during infection. These allow for the interrogation of how mechanical signals can modulate infection alongside biochemical signals. We hope that this review will inspire the microbiology community to embrace those tools in future studies so that host cell biomechanics can be more readily explored in the context of infection studies.
Collapse
|
7
|
Hajtuch J, Santos-Martinez MJ, Wojcik M, Tomczyk E, Jaskiewicz M, Kamysz W, Narajczyk M, Inkielewicz-Stepniak I. Lipoic Acid-Coated Silver Nanoparticles: Biosafety Potential on the Vascular Microenvironment and Antibacterial Properties. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:733743. [PMID: 35153735 PMCID: PMC8831385 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.733743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To study and compare the antibacterial properties and the potential cytotoxic effects of commercially available uncoated silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with lipoic acid coated silver nanoparticles (AgNPsLA) developed by our group. The antibacterial, cytotoxic, and hemolytic properties of those NPs were assessed with the main objective of investigating if AgNPsLA could maintain their antibacterial properties while improving their biosafety profile over uncoated AgNPs within the blood vessel’s microenvironment. Methods: Comercially available uncoated 2.6 nm AgNPs and 2.5 nm AgNPsLA synthesized and characterized as previously described by our group, were used in this study. Antimicrobial activity was assessed on a wide range of pathogens and expressed by minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC). Assessment of cytotoxicity was carried out on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) using an MTT test. Detection of reactive oxygen species, cell apoptosis/necrosis in HUVEC, and measurement of mitochondrial destabilization in HUVEC and platelets were performed by flow cytometry. The potential harmful effect of nanoparticles on red blood cells (RBCs) was investigated measuring hemoglobin and LDH released after exposure to NPs. Transmission electron microscopy was also used to determine if AgNPs and AgNPsLA could induce any ultrastructural changes on HUVEC cells and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. Results: AgNPs and AgNPsLA had antimicrobial properties against pathogens associated with catheter-related bloodstream infections. AgNPs, in contrast to AgNPsLA, induced ROS production and apoptosis in HUVEC, ultrastructural changes in HUVEC and S. aureus, depolarization of mitochondrial membrane in HUVEC and platelets, and also hemolysis. Conclusion: AgNPsLA synthesized by our group have antimicrobial activity and a better biosafety profile than uncoated AgNPs of similar size. Those observations are of critical importance for the future in vivo investigations and the potential application of AgNPsLA in medical devices for human use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Hajtuch
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pathophysiology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Maria Jose Santos-Martinez
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences and School of Medicine, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Michal Wojcik
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewelina Tomczyk
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maciej Jaskiewicz
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Wojciech Kamysz
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Magdalena Narajczyk
- Laboratory of Electron Microscopy, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Iwona Inkielewicz-Stepniak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pathophysiology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
- *Correspondence: Iwona Inkielewicz-Stepniak,
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kang S, Park SE, Huh DD. Organ-on-a-chip technology for nanoparticle research. NANO CONVERGENCE 2021; 8:20. [PMID: 34236537 PMCID: PMC8266951 DOI: 10.1186/s40580-021-00270-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The last two decades have witnessed explosive growth in the field of nanoengineering and nanomedicine. In particular, engineered nanoparticles have garnered great attention due to their potential to enable new capabilities such as controlled and targeted drug delivery for treatment of various diseases. With rapid progress in nanoparticle research, increasing efforts are being made to develop new technologies for in vitro modeling and analysis of the efficacy and safety of nanotherapeutics in human physiological systems. Organ-on-a-chip technology represents the most recent advance in this effort that provides a promising approach to address the limitations of conventional preclinical models. In this paper, we present a concise review of recent studies demonstrating how this emerging technology can be applied to in vitro studies of nanoparticles. The specific focus of this review is to examine the use of organ-on-a-chip models for toxicity and efficacy assessment of nanoparticles used in therapeutic applications. We also discuss challenges and future opportunities for implementing organ-on-a-chip technology for nanoparticle research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shawn Kang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, 210 S 33rd St., Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Sunghee Estelle Park
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, 210 S 33rd St., Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
- NSF Science and Technology Center for Engineering Mechanobiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Dan Dongeun Huh
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, 210 S 33rd St., Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
- NSF Science and Technology Center for Engineering Mechanobiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Wu J, Liu J, Kang Y, Hu C, Feng X, Liu W, Luo H, Chen A, Chen L, Shao L. Effects of carbon-based nanomaterials on vascular endothelia under physiological and pathological conditions: interactions, mechanisms and potential therapeutic applications. J Control Release 2021; 330:945-962. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.10.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
10
|
Aliyandi A, Satchell S, Unger RE, Bartosch B, Parent R, Zuhorn IS, Salvati A. Effect of endothelial cell heterogeneity on nanoparticle uptake. Int J Pharm 2020; 587:119699. [PMID: 32736019 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Endothelial cells exhibit distinct properties in morphology and functions in different organs that can be exploited for nanomedicine targeting. In this work, endothelial cells from different organs, i.e. brain, lung, liver, and kidney, were exposed to plain, carboxylated, and amino-modified silica. As expected, different protein coronas were formed on the different nanoparticle types and these changed when foetal bovine serum (FBS) or human serum were used. Uptake efficiencies differed strongly in the different endothelia, confirming that the cells retained some of their organ-specific differences. However, all endothelia showed higher uptake for the amino-modified silica in FBS, but, interestingly, this changed to the carboxylated silica when human serum was used, confirming that differences in the protein corona affect uptake preferences by cells. Thus, uptake rates of fluid phase markers and transferrin were determined in liver and brain endothelium to compare their endocytic activity. Overall, our results showed that endothelial cells of different organs have very different nanoparticle uptake efficiency, likely due to differences in receptor expression, affinity, and activity. A thorough characterization of phenotypic differences in the endothelia lining different organs is key to the development of targeted nanomedicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aldy Aliyandi
- Department of Nanomedicine & Drug Targeting, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713AV Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Simon Satchell
- Bristol Renal, University of Bristol, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, Whitson Street, BS1 3NY Bristol, England, United Kingdom.
| | - Ronald E Unger
- Institute of Pathology, REPAIR-Lab, Johannes Gutenberg University, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55101 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Birke Bartosch
- INSERM, Lyon Cancer Research Center, 28 Rue Laennec, 69008 Lyon, France.
| | - Romain Parent
- INSERM, Lyon Cancer Research Center, 28 Rue Laennec, 69008 Lyon, France.
| | - Inge S Zuhorn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713AV Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Anna Salvati
- Department of Nanomedicine & Drug Targeting, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713AV Groningen, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Shurbaji S, G. Anlar G, A. Hussein E, Elzatahry A, C. Yalcin H. Effect of Flow-Induced Shear Stress in Nanomaterial Uptake by Cells: Focus on Targeted Anti-Cancer Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1916. [PMID: 32708521 PMCID: PMC7409087 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12071916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, nanomedicines have gained a great deal of attention in diverse biomedical applications, including anti-cancer therapy. Being different from normal tissue, the biophysical microenvironment of tumor cells and cancer cell mechanics should be considered for the development of nanostructures as anti-cancer agents. Throughout the last decades, many efforts devoted to investigating the distinct cancer environment and understanding the interactions between tumor cells and have been applied bio-nanomaterials. This review highlights the microenvironment of cancer cells and how it is different from that of healthy tissue. We gave special emphasis to the physiological shear stresses existing in the cancerous surroundings, since these stresses have a profound effect on cancer cell/nanoparticle interaction. Finally, this study reviews relevant examples of investigations aimed at clarifying the cellular nanoparticle uptake behavior under both static and dynamic conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samar Shurbaji
- Materials Science and Technology Department, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; (S.S.); (E.A.H.)
| | - Gulsen G. Anlar
- College of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar;
| | - Essraa A. Hussein
- Materials Science and Technology Department, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; (S.S.); (E.A.H.)
| | - Ahmed Elzatahry
- Materials Science and Technology Department, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; (S.S.); (E.A.H.)
| | - Huseyin C. Yalcin
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Science-QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Endothelial Cell Targeting by cRGD-Functionalized Polymeric Nanoparticles under Static and Flow Conditions. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10071353. [PMID: 32664364 PMCID: PMC7407316 DOI: 10.3390/nano10071353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Since αvβ3 integrin is a key component of angiogenesis in health and disease, Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) peptide-functionalized nanocarriers have been investigated as vehicles for targeted delivery of drugs to the αvβ3 integrin-overexpressing neovasculature of tumors. In this work, PEGylated nanoparticles (NPs) based on poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) functionalized with cyclic-RGD (cRGD), were evaluated as nanocarriers for the targeting of angiogenic endothelium. For this purpose, NPs (~300 nm) functionalized with cRGD with different surface densities were prepared by maleimide-thiol chemistry and their interactions with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were evaluated under different conditions using flow cytometry and microscopy. The cell association of cRGD-NPs under static conditions was time-, concentration- and cRGD density-dependent. The interactions between HUVECs and cRGD-NPs dispersed in cell culture medium under flow conditions were also time- and cRGD density-dependent. When washed red blood cells (RBCs) were added to the medium, a 3 to 8-fold increase in NPs association to HUVECs was observed. Moreover, experiments conducted under flow in the presence of RBC at physiologic hematocrit and shear rate, are a step forward in the prediction of in vivo cell–particle association. This approach has the potential to assist development and high-throughput screening of new endothelium-targeted nanocarriers.
Collapse
|
13
|
Del Favero G, Kraegeloh A. Integrating Biophysics in Toxicology. Cells 2020; 9:E1282. [PMID: 32455794 PMCID: PMC7290780 DOI: 10.3390/cells9051282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Integration of biophysical stimulation in test systems is established in diverse branches of biomedical sciences including toxicology. This is largely motivated by the need to create novel experimental setups capable of reproducing more closely in vivo physiological conditions. Indeed, we face the need to increase predictive power and experimental output, albeit reducing the use of animals in toxicity testing. In vivo, mechanical stimulation is essential for cellular homeostasis. In vitro, diverse strategies can be used to model this crucial component. The compliance of the extracellular matrix can be tuned by modifying the stiffness or through the deformation of substrates hosting the cells via static or dynamic strain. Moreover, cells can be cultivated under shear stress deriving from the movement of the extracellular fluids. In turn, introduction of physical cues in the cell culture environment modulates differentiation, functional properties, and metabolic competence, thus influencing cellular capability to cope with toxic insults. This review summarizes the state of the art of integration of biophysical stimuli in model systems for toxicity testing, discusses future challenges, and provides perspectives for the further advancement of in vitro cytotoxicity studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Del Favero
- Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 38-40, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Core Facility Multimodal Imaging, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna Währinger Straße 38-40, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Annette Kraegeloh
- INM—Leibniz-Institut für Neue Materialien GmbH, Campus D2 2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany;
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
The Inhibitory Effects of Gold Nanoparticles on VEGF-A-Induced Cell Migration in Choroid-Retina Endothelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 21:ijms21010109. [PMID: 31877924 PMCID: PMC6982177 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21010109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is upregulated by hypoxia and is a crucial stimulator for choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in age-related macular degeneration and pathologic myopia, as well as retinal neovascularization in proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Retinal and choroidal endothelial cells play key roles in the development of retinal and CNV, and subsequent fibrosis. At present, the effects of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on the VEGF-induced choroid-retina endothelial (RF/6A) cells are still unknown. In our study, we investigated the effects of AuNPs on RF/6A cell viabilities and cell adhesion to fibronectin, a major ECM protein of fibrovascular membrane. Furthermore, the inhibitory effects of AuNPs on RF/6A cell migration induced by VEGF and its signaling were studied. Methods: The cell viability assay was used to determine the viability of cells treated with AuNPs. The migration of RF/6A cells was assessed by the Transwell migration assay. The cell adhesion to fibronectin was examined by an adhesion assay. The VEGF-induced signaling pathways were determined by western blotting. Results: The 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) viability assay revealed no cytotoxicity of AuNPs on RF/6A cells. AuNPs inhibited VEGF-induced RF/6A cell migration in a concentration-dependent manner but showed no significant effects on RF/6A cell adhesion to fibronectin. Inhibitory effects of AuNPs on VEGF-induced Akt/eNOS were found. Conclusions: These results suggest that AuNPs are an effective inhibitor of VEGF-induced RF/6A cell migration through the Akt/eNOS pathways, but they have no effects on their cell viabilities and cell adhesion to fibronectin.
Collapse
|
15
|
Yang Y, Liu S, Geng J. Microfluidic-Based Platform for the Evaluation of Nanomaterial-Mediated Drug Delivery: From High-Throughput Screening to Dynamic Monitoring. Curr Pharm Des 2019; 25:2953-2968. [PMID: 31362686 DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190730100051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Nanomaterial-based drug delivery holds tremendous promise for improving targeting capacity, biodistribution, and performance of therapeutic/diagnostic agents. Accelerating the clinical translation of current nanomedicine requires an in-depth understanding of the mechanism underlying the dynamic interaction between nanomaterials and cells in a physiological/pathophysiological-relevant condition. The introduction of the advanced microfluidic platform with miniaturized, well-controlled, and high-throughput features opens new investigation and application opportunities for nanomedicine evaluation. This review highlights the current state-of-theart in the field of 1) microfluidic-assisted in vitro assays that are capable of providing physiological-relevant flow conditions and performing high-throughput drug screening, 2) advanced organ-on-a-chip technology with the combination of microfabrication and tissue engineering techniques for mimicking microenvironment and better predicting in vivo response of nanomedicine, and 3) the integration of microdevice with various detection techniques that can monitor cell-nanoparticle interaction with high spatiotemporal resolution. Future perspectives regarding optimized on-chip disease modeling and personalized nanomedicine screening are discussed towards further expanding the utilization of the microfluidic-based platform in assessing the biological behavior of nanomaterials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yamin Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China
| | - Sijia Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinfa Geng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zhu D, Long Q, Xu Y, Xing J. Evaluating Nanoparticles in Preclinical Research Using Microfluidic Systems. MICROMACHINES 2019; 10:mi10060414. [PMID: 31234335 PMCID: PMC6631852 DOI: 10.3390/mi10060414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) have found a wide range of applications in clinical therapeutic and diagnostic fields. However, currently most NPs are still in the preclinical evaluation phase with few approved for clinical use. Microfluidic systems can simulate dynamic fluid flows, chemical gradients, partitioning of multi-organs as well as local microenvironment controls, offering an efficient and cost-effective opportunity to fast screen NPs in physiologically relevant conditions. Here, in this review, we are focusing on summarizing key microfluidic platforms promising to mimic in vivo situations and test the performance of fabricated nanoparticles. Firstly, we summarize the key evaluation parameters of NPs which can affect their delivery efficacy, followed by highlighting the importance of microfluidic-based NP evaluation. Next, we will summarize main microfluidic systems effective in evaluating NP haemocompatibility, transport, uptake and toxicity, targeted accumulation and general efficacy respectively, and discuss the future directions for NP evaluation in microfluidic systems. The combination of nanoparticles and microfluidic technologies could greatly facilitate the development of drug delivery strategies and provide novel treatments and diagnostic techniques for clinically challenging diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Derui Zhu
- Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China.
| | - Qifu Long
- Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China.
| | - Yuzhen Xu
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China.
| | - Jiangwa Xing
- Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Starsich FH, Herrmann IK, Pratsinis SE. Nanoparticles for Biomedicine: Coagulation During Synthesis and Applications. Annu Rev Chem Biomol Eng 2019; 10:155-174. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-060718-030203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticle-based systems offer fascinating possibilities for biomedicine, but their translation into clinics is slow. Missing sterile, reproducible, and scalable methods for their synthesis along with challenges in characterization and poor colloidal stability of nanoparticles in body fluids are key obstacles. Flame aerosol technology gives proven access to scalable synthesis of nanoparticles with diverse compositions and architectures. Although highly promising in terms of product reproducibility and sterility, this technology is frequently overlooked, as its products are of fractal-like aggregated and/or agglomerated morphology. However, coagulation is a widely occurring phenomenon in all kinds of particle-based systems. In particular, protein-rich body fluids encountered in biomedical settings often lead to destabilization of colloidal nanoparticle suspensions in vivo. We aim to provide insights into how particle–particle interactions can be measured and controlled. Moreover, we show how particle coupling effects driven by coagulation may even be beneficial for certain sensing, therapeutic, and bioimaging applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabian H.L. Starsich
- Particle Technology Laboratory, Institute of Process Engineering, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland;,
| | - Inge K. Herrmann
- Particles-Biology Interactions, Department of Materials Meet Life, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), CH-9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Sotiris E. Pratsinis
- Particle Technology Laboratory, Institute of Process Engineering, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland;,
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Strobel HA, Qendro EI, Alsberg E, Rolle MW. Targeted Delivery of Bioactive Molecules for Vascular Intervention and Tissue Engineering. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1329. [PMID: 30519186 PMCID: PMC6259603 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in the United States. Treatment often requires surgical interventions to re-open occluded vessels, bypass severe occlusions, or stabilize aneurysms. Despite the short-term success of such interventions, many ultimately fail due to thrombosis or restenosis (following stent placement), or incomplete healing (such as after aneurysm coil placement). Bioactive molecules capable of modulating host tissue responses and preventing these complications have been identified, but systemic delivery is often harmful or ineffective. This review discusses the use of localized bioactive molecule delivery methods to enhance the long-term success of vascular interventions, such as drug-eluting stents and aneurysm coils, as well as nanoparticles for targeted molecule delivery. Vascular grafts in particular have poor patency in small diameter, high flow applications, such as coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Grafts fabricated from a variety of approaches may benefit from bioactive molecule incorporation to improve patency. Tissue engineering is an especially promising approach for vascular graft fabrication that may be conducive to incorporation of drugs or growth factors. Overall, localized and targeted delivery of bioactive molecules has shown promise for improving the outcomes of vascular interventions, with technologies such as drug-eluting stents showing excellent clinical success. However, many targeted vascular drug delivery systems have yet to reach the clinic. There is still a need to better optimize bioactive molecule release kinetics and identify synergistic biomolecule combinations before the clinical impact of these technologies can be realized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hannah A. Strobel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Elisabet I. Qendro
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Eben Alsberg
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Marsha W. Rolle
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Francia V, Aliyandi A, Salvati A. Effect of the development of a cell barrier on nanoparticle uptake in endothelial cells. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:16645-16656. [PMID: 30155550 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr03171a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
In order to improve the current success of nanomedicine, a better understanding of how nano-sized materials interact with and are processed by cells is required. Typical in vitro nanoparticle-cell interaction studies often make use of cells cultured at different cell densities. However, in vivo, for their successful delivery to the target tissue, nanomedicines need to overcome several barriers, such as endothelial and epithelial cell barriers. Unlike sub-confluent or confluent cell cultures, cell barriers are tight cell monolayers, expressing a series of specialized tight junction proteins between adjacent cells to limit paracellular transport and ensure close cell-to-cell interactions. A clear understanding on how the development of cells into a cell barrier may affect the uptake of nano-sized drug carriers is still missing. To this aim, here, human primary umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) are used as a model cell line to form endothelial cell barriers. Then, nanoparticle uptake is assessed in the developed endothelial barriers and compared to the uptake in sub-confluent or confluent HUVEC cultures. The results clearly show that the organization of cells into a cell barrier leads to a differential gene expression of endocytic markers, and - interestingly - this is accompanied by reduced nanoparticle uptake levels. Transport inhibitors are used to characterise the mechanisms involved in the uptake. However, we show that some of them can strongly compromise barrier integrity, thus impairing the interpretation of the outcomes, and overall, only a partial inhibition of nanoparticle uptake could be obtained.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Francia
- Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Gomez-Garcia MJ, Doiron AL, Steele RRM, Labouta HI, Vafadar B, Shepherd RD, Gates ID, Cramb DT, Childs SJ, Rinker KD. Nanoparticle localization in blood vessels: dependence on fluid shear stress, flow disturbances, and flow-induced changes in endothelial physiology. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:15249-15261. [PMID: 30066709 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr03440k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles in the bloodstream are subjected to complex fluid forces as they move through the curves and branches of healthy or tumor vasculature. While nanoparticles are known to preferentially accumulate in angiogenic vessels, little is known about the flow conditions in these vessels and how these conditions may influence localization. Here, we report a methodology which combines confocal imaging of nanoparticle-injected transgenic zebrafish embryos, 3D modeling of the vasculature, particle mapping, and computational fluid dynamics, to quantitatively assess the effects of fluid forces on nanoparticle distribution in vivo. Six-fold lower accumulation was found in zebrafish arteries compared to the lower velocity veins. Nanoparticle localization varied inversely with shear stress. Highest accumulation was present in regions of disturbed flow found at branch points and curvatures in the vasculature. To further investigate cell-particle association under flow, human endothelial cells were exposed to nanoparticles under hemodynamic conditions typically found in human vessels. Physiological adaptations of endothelial cells to 20 hours of flow enhanced nanoparticle accumulation in regions of disturbed flow. Overall our results suggest that fluid shear stress magnitude, flow disturbances, and flow-induced changes in endothelial physiology modulate nanoparticle localization in angiogenic vessels.
Collapse
|
21
|
Bai F, Wu J, Sun R. An investigation of endocytosis of targeted nanoparticles in a shear flow by a statistical approach. Math Biosci 2018; 295:55-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mbs.2017.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Revised: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
22
|
Caballero D, Blackburn SM, de Pablo M, Samitier J, Albertazzi L. Tumour-vessel-on-a-chip models for drug delivery. LAB ON A CHIP 2017; 17:3760-3771. [PMID: 28861562 DOI: 10.1039/c7lc00574a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Nanocarriers for drug delivery have great potential to revolutionize cancer treatment, due to their enhanced selectivity and efficacy. Despite this great promise, researchers have had limited success in the clinical translation of this approach. One of the main causes of these difficulties is that standard in vitro models, typically used to understand nanocarriers' behaviour and screen their efficiency, do not provide the complexity typically encountered in living systems. In contrast, in vivo models, despite being highly physiological, display serious bottlenecks which threaten the relevancy of the obtained data. Microfluidics and nanofabrication can dramatically contribute to solving this issue, providing 3D high-throughput models with improved resemblance to in vivo systems. In particular, microfluidic models of tumour blood vessels can be used to better elucidate how new nanocarriers behave in the microcirculation of healthy and cancerous tissues. Several key steps of the drug delivery process such as extravasation, immune response and endothelial targeting happen under flow in capillaries and can be accurately modelled using microfluidics. In this review, we will present how tumour-vessel-on-a-chip systems can be used to investigate targeted drug delivery and which key factors need to be considered for the rational design of these materials. Future applications of this approach and its role in driving forward the next generation of targeted drug delivery methods will be discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Caballero
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac 15-21, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Feil G, Horres R, Schulte J, Mack AF, Petzoldt S, Arnold C, Meng C, Jost L, Boxleitner J, Kiessling-Wolf N, Serbest E, Helm D, Kuster B, Hartmann I, Korff T, Hahne H. Bacterial Cellulose Shifts Transcriptome and Proteome of Cultured Endothelial Cells Towards Native Differentiation. Mol Cell Proteomics 2017. [PMID: 28637836 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.ra117.000001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Preserving the native phenotype of primary cells in vitro is a complex challenge. Recently, hydrogel-based cellular matrices have evolved as alternatives to conventional cell culture techniques. We developed a bacterial cellulose-based aqueous gel-like biomaterial, dubbed Xellulin, which mimics a cellular microenvironment and seems to maintain the native phenotype of cultured and primary cells. When applied to human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC), it allowed the continuous cultivation of cell monolayers for more than one year without degradation or dedifferentiation. To investigate the impact of Xellulin on the endothelial cell phenotype in detail, we applied quantitative transcriptomics and proteomics and compared the molecular makeup of native HUVEC, HUVEC on collagen-coated Xellulin and collagen-coated cell culture plastic (polystyrene).Statistical analysis of 12,475 transcripts and 7831 proteins unveiled massive quantitative differences of the compared transcriptomes and proteomes. K-means clustering followed by network analysis showed that HUVEC on plastic upregulate transcripts and proteins controlling proliferation, cell cycle and protein biosynthesis. In contrast, HUVEC on Xellulin maintained, by and large, the expression levels of genes supporting their native biological functions and signaling networks such as integrin, receptor tyrosine kinase MAP/ERK and PI3K signaling pathways, while decreasing the expression of proliferation associated proteins. Moreover, CD34-an endothelial cell differentiation marker usually lost early during cell culture - was re-expressed within 2 weeks on Xellulin but not on plastic. And HUVEC on Xellulin showed a significantly stronger functional responsiveness to a prototypic pro-inflammatory stimulus than HUVEC on plastic.Taken together, this is one of the most comprehensive transcriptomic and proteomic studies of native and propagated HUVEC, which underscores the importance of the morphology of the cellular microenvironment to regulate cellular differentiation, and demonstrates, for the first time, the potential of Xellulin as versatile tool promoting an in vivo-like phenotype in primary and propagated cell culture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard Feil
- From the ‡Xellutec GmbH, Eichenstraβe 15, 82061 Neuried, Germany
| | - Ralf Horres
- §GenXPro GmbH, Altenhöferallee 3, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Julia Schulte
- From the ‡Xellutec GmbH, Eichenstraβe 15, 82061 Neuried, Germany
| | - Andreas F Mack
- ¶Institute of Clinical Anatomy and Cell Analysis, University of Tübingen, Österbergstraβe 3, 72074 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Svenja Petzoldt
- ‖OmicScouts GmbH, Emil-Erlenmeyer-Forum 5, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Caroline Arnold
- **Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Division of Cardiovascular Physiology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 326, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Chen Meng
- ‡‡Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Technische Universität München, Emil-Erlenmeyer-Forum 5, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Lukas Jost
- §GenXPro GmbH, Altenhöferallee 3, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | | | | | - Ender Serbest
- From the ‡Xellutec GmbH, Eichenstraβe 15, 82061 Neuried, Germany
| | - Dominic Helm
- ‖OmicScouts GmbH, Emil-Erlenmeyer-Forum 5, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Bernhard Kuster
- ‡‡Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Technische Universität München, Emil-Erlenmeyer-Forum 5, 85354 Freising, Germany.,§§Bavarian Center for Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry (BayBioMS), Technische Universität München, Gregor-Mendel-Strasse 4, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Isabel Hartmann
- From the ‡Xellutec GmbH, Eichenstraβe 15, 82061 Neuried, Germany
| | - Thomas Korff
- §§Bavarian Center for Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry (BayBioMS), Technische Universität München, Gregor-Mendel-Strasse 4, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Hannes Hahne
- ‖OmicScouts GmbH, Emil-Erlenmeyer-Forum 5, 85354 Freising, Germany;
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Chandran P, Riviere JE, Monteiro-Riviere NA. Surface chemistry of gold nanoparticles determines the biocorona composition impacting cellular uptake, toxicity and gene expression profiles in human endothelial cells. Nanotoxicology 2017; 11:507-519. [PMID: 28420299 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2017.1314036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the role of nanoparticle size and surface chemistry on biocorona composition and its effect on uptake, toxicity and cellular responses in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC), employing 40 and 80 nm gold nanoparticles (AuNP) with branched polyethyleneimine (BPEI), lipoic acid (LA) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) coatings. Proteomic analysis identified 59 hard corona proteins among the various AuNP, revealing largely surface chemistry-dependent signature adsorbomes exhibiting human serum albumin (HSA) abundance. Size distribution analysis revealed the relative instability and aggregation inducing potential of bare and corona-bound BPEI-AuNP, over LA- and PEG-AuNP. Circular dichroism analysis showed surface chemistry-dependent conformational changes of proteins binding to AuNP. Time-dependent uptake of bare, plasma corona (PC) and HSA corona-bound AuNP (HSA-AuNP) showed significant reduction in uptake with PC formation. Cell viability studies demonstrated dose-dependent toxicity of BPEI-AuNP. Transcriptional profiling studies revealed 126 genes, from 13 biological pathways, to be differentially regulated by 40 nm bare and PC-bound BPEI-AuNP (PC-BPEI-AuNP). Furthermore, PC formation relieved the toxicity of cationic BPEI-AuNP by modulating expression of genes involved in DNA damage and repair, heat shock response, mitochondrial energy metabolism, oxidative stress and antioxidant response, and ER stress and unfolded protein response cascades, which were aberrantly expressed in bare BPEI-AuNP-treated cells. NP surface chemistry is shown to play the dominant role over size in determining the biocorona composition, which in turn modulates cell uptake, and biological responses, consequently defining the potential safety and efficacy of nanoformulations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Parwathy Chandran
- a Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Nanotechnology Innovation Center of Kansas State , Kansas State University , Manhattan , KS , USA
| | - Jim E Riviere
- b Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Institute of Computational Comparative Medicine , Kansas State University , Manhattan , KS , USA
| | - Nancy A Monteiro-Riviere
- a Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Nanotechnology Innovation Center of Kansas State , Kansas State University , Manhattan , KS , USA
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Xu Y, Guo H. Role of Advanced Glycation End Products in the Progression of Diabetes Mellitus. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.17352/2455-8583.000019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
26
|
Kermanizadeh A, Villadsen K, Østrem RG, Jensen KJ, Møller P, Loft S. Integrin Targeting and Toxicological Assessment of Peptide-Conjugated Liposome Delivery Systems to Activated Endothelial Cells. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2017; 120:380-389. [DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.12692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Kermanizadeh
- Section of Environmental Health; Department of Public Health; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Klaus Villadsen
- Biomolecular Nanoscale Engineering Center (BioNEC); Department of Chemistry; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Ragnhild G. Østrem
- Colloids and Biological Interfaces Group; Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology; Center for Nanomedicine and Theranostics; Technical University of Denmark; Lyngby Denmark
| | - Knud J. Jensen
- Biomolecular Nanoscale Engineering Center (BioNEC); Department of Chemistry; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Peter Møller
- Section of Environmental Health; Department of Public Health; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Steffen Loft
- Section of Environmental Health; Department of Public Health; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Gu C, Wu H, Ge G, Li X, Guo Z, Bian Z, Xu J, Lu H, Chen X, Yang D. In Vitro Effects of Hollow Gold Nanoshells on Human Aortic Endothelial Cells. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2016; 11:397. [PMID: 27624340 PMCID: PMC5021651 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-016-1620-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles are emerging as promising biomedical tools due to their unique nanoscale characteristics. Our purpose was to synthesize a hollow-shaped gold nanoparticle and to investigate its effect on human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) in vitro. Hollow gold nanoshells with average 35-nm diameters and 10-nm shell thickness were obtained by galvanic replacement using quasi-spherical nanosilver as sacrifice-template. Our results showed that hollow gold nanoshells in the culture medium could be internalized into the cytoplasm of HAECs. No cytotoxicity effect of hollow gold nanoshells on HAECs was observed within the test concentrations (0-0.8 μg/mL) and test exposure period (0-72 h) by tetrazolium dye assay. Meanwhile, the release of cell injury biomarker, lactate dehydrogenase, was not significantly higher than that from control cells (without hollow gold nanoshells). The concentrations of vasodilators, nitric oxide, and prostacyclin I-2 were not changed, but the vasoconstrictor endothelin-1 was decreased by hollow gold nanoshells treatment in HAECs. HAECs exposed to hollow gold nanoshells resulted in suppressing expressions of genes involved in apoptosis and activating expressions of genes of adhesion molecules. Moreover, we demonstrated by in vitro endothelial tube formation that hollow gold nanoshells (0.8 μg/mL) could not inhibit angiogenesis by the HAECs. Altogether, these results indicate that the structure and major function of HAECs would not be disrupted by hollow gold nanoshell treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunrong Gu
- Research Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029 China
| | - Hengfang Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029 China
| | - Gaoyuan Ge
- Research Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029 China
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029 China
| | - Xiongzhi Li
- Research Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029 China
| | - Zhirui Guo
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210011 China
| | - Zhiping Bian
- Research Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029 China
| | - Jindan Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029 China
| | - Hua Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096 China
| | - Xiangjian Chen
- Research Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029 China
| | - Di Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029 China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Doostmohammadi A, Thampi SP, Yeomans JM. Defect-Mediated Morphologies in Growing Cell Colonies. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2016; 117:048102. [PMID: 27494503 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.048102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2015] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Morphological trends in growing colonies of living cells are at the core of physiological and evolutionary processes. Using active gel equations, which include cell division, we show that shape changes during the growth can be regulated by the dynamics of topological defects in the orientation of cells. The friction between the dividing cells and underlying substrate drives anisotropic colony shapes toward more isotropic morphologies, by mediating the number density and velocity of topological defects. We show that the defects interact with the interface at a specific interaction range, set by the vorticity length scale of flows within the colony, and that the cells predominantly reorient parallel to the interface due to division-induced active stresses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amin Doostmohammadi
- The Rudolf Peierls Centre for Theoretical Physics, 1 Keble Road, Oxford OX1 3NP, United Kingdom
| | - Sumesh P Thampi
- The Rudolf Peierls Centre for Theoretical Physics, 1 Keble Road, Oxford OX1 3NP, United Kingdom
| | - Julia M Yeomans
- The Rudolf Peierls Centre for Theoretical Physics, 1 Keble Road, Oxford OX1 3NP, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Shannahan JH, Fritz KS, Raghavendra AJ, Podila R, Persaud I, Brown JM. From the Cover: Disease-Induced Disparities in Formation of the Nanoparticle-Biocorona and the Toxicological Consequences. Toxicol Sci 2016; 152:406-16. [PMID: 27255384 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfw097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticle (NP) association with macromolecules in a physiological environment forms a biocorona (BC), which alters NP distribution, activity, and toxicity. While BC formation is dependent on NP physicochemical properties, little information exists on the influence of the physiological environment. Obese individuals and those with cardiovascular disease exist with altered serum chemistry, which is expected to influence BC formation and NP toxicity. We hypothesize that a BC formed on NPs following incubation in hyperlipidemic serum will result in altered NP-BC protein content, cellular association, and toxicity compared to normal serum conditions. We utilized Fe3O4 NPs, which are being developed as MRI contrast and tumor targeting agents to test our hypothesis. We used rat aortic endothelial cells (RAECs) within a dynamic flow in vitro exposure system to more accurately depict the in vivo environment. A BC was formed on 20nm PVP-suspended Fe3O4 NPs following incubation in water, 10% normal or hyperlipidemic rat serum. Addition of BCs resulted in increased hydrodynamic size and decreased surface charge. More cholesterol associated with Fe3O4 NPs after incubation in hyperlipidemic as compared with normal serum. Using quantitative proteomics, we identified unique differences in BC protein components between the 2 serum types. Under flow conditions, formation of a BC from both serum types reduced RAECs association of Fe3O4 NPs. Addition of BCs was found to exacerbate RAECs inflammatory gene responses to Fe3O4 NPs (Fe3O4-hyperlipidemic > Fe3O4-normal > Fe3O4) including increased expression of IL-6, TNF-α, Cxcl-2, VCAM-1, and ICAM-1. Overall, these findings demonstrate that disease-induced variations in physiological environments have a significant impact NP-BC formation, cellular association, and cell response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan H Shannahan
- *Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045
| | - Kristofer S Fritz
- *Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045
| | - Achyut J Raghavendra
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, 29634; Clemson Nanomaterials Center and COMSET, Clemson University, Anderson, South Carolina, 29625
| | - Ramakrishna Podila
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, 29634; Clemson Nanomaterials Center and COMSET, Clemson University, Anderson, South Carolina, 29625
| | - Indushekar Persaud
- *Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045
| | - Jared M Brown
- *Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045;
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Rawat J, Gadgil M. Shear stress increases cytotoxicity and reduces transfection efficiency of liposomal gene delivery to CHO-S cells. Cytotechnology 2016; 68:2529-2538. [PMID: 27130551 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-016-9974-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Animal cells in suspension experience shear stress in different situations such as in vivo due to hemodynamics, or in vitro due to agitation in large-scale bioreactors. Shear stress is known to affect cell physiology, including binding and uptake of extracellular cargo. In adherent cells the effects of exposure to shear stress on particle binding kinetics and uptake have been studied. There are however no reports on the effect of shear stress on extracellular cargo delivery to suspension cells. In this study, we have evaluated the effect of shear stress on transfection of CHO-S cells using Lipofectamine 2000 in a simple flow apparatus. Our results show decreased cell growth and transfection efficiency upon lipoplex assisted transfection of CHO-S while being subjected to shear stress. This effect is not seen to the same extent when cells are exposed to shear stress in absence of the lipoplex complex and subsequently transfected, or if the lipoplex is subjected to shear stress and subsequently used to transfect the cells. It is also not seen to the same extent when cells are exposed to shear stress in presence of liposome alone, suggesting that the observed effect is dependent on interaction of the lipoplex with cells in the presence of shear stress. These results suggest that studies involving liposomal DNA delivery in presence of shear stress such as large scale transient protein expression should account for the effect of shear during lipoplex assisted DNA delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Rawat
- Chemical Engineering and Process Development Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, 411008, India
| | - Mugdha Gadgil
- Chemical Engineering and Process Development Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, 411008, India.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Matuszak J, Baumgartner J, Zaloga J, Juenet M, da Silva AE, Franke D, Almer G, Texier I, Faivre D, Metselaar JM, Navarro FP, Chauvierre C, Prassl R, Dézsi L, Urbanics R, Alexiou C, Mangge H, Szebeni J, Letourneur D, Cicha I. Nanoparticles for intravascular applications: physicochemical characterization and cytotoxicity testing. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2016; 11:597-616. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm.15.216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: We report the physicochemical analysis of nanosystems intended for cardiovascular applications and their toxicological characterization in static and dynamic cell culture conditions. Methods: Size, polydispersity and ζ-potential were determined in 10 nanoparticle systems including liposomes, lipid nanoparticles, polymeric and iron oxide nanoparticles. Nanoparticle effects on primary human endothelial cell viability were monitored using real-time cell analysis and live-cell microscopy in static conditions, and in a flow model of arterial bifurcations. Results & conclusions: The majority of tested nanosystems were well tolerated by endothelial cells up to the concentration of 100 μg/ml in static, and up to 400 μg/ml in dynamic conditions. Pilot experiments in a pig model showed that intravenous administration of liposomal nanoparticles did not evoke the hypersensitivity reaction. These findings are of importance for future clinical use of nanosystems intended for intravascular applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jasmin Matuszak
- Cardiovascular Nanomedicine Unit, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), ENT-Department, University Hospital Erlangen, Glückstr. 10a, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jens Baumgartner
- Department of Biomaterials, Max Planck Institute of Colloids & Interfaces, Science Park Golm, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Jan Zaloga
- Cardiovascular Nanomedicine Unit, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), ENT-Department, University Hospital Erlangen, Glückstr. 10a, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Maya Juenet
- Inserm U1148, LVTS, Paris Diderot University, Paris 13 University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, X. Bichat Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Acarília Eduardo da Silva
- Department of Targeted Therapeutics, MIRA Institute, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | | | - Gunter Almer
- Clinical Institute of Medical & Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Isabelle Texier
- CEA-LETI MINATEC/DTBS, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Damien Faivre
- Department of Biomaterials, Max Planck Institute of Colloids & Interfaces, Science Park Golm, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Josbert M Metselaar
- Department of Targeted Therapeutics, MIRA Institute, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
- Department of Experimental Molecular Imaging, University Clinic & Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH-Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Cédric Chauvierre
- Inserm U1148, LVTS, Paris Diderot University, Paris 13 University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, X. Bichat Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Ruth Prassl
- Institute of Biophysics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - László Dézsi
- Nanomedicine Research & Education Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Christoph Alexiou
- Cardiovascular Nanomedicine Unit, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), ENT-Department, University Hospital Erlangen, Glückstr. 10a, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Harald Mangge
- Clinical Institute of Medical & Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - János Szebeni
- Nanomedicine Research & Education Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- SeroScience Ltd., Budapest, Hungary
| | - Didier Letourneur
- Inserm U1148, LVTS, Paris Diderot University, Paris 13 University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, X. Bichat Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Iwona Cicha
- Cardiovascular Nanomedicine Unit, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), ENT-Department, University Hospital Erlangen, Glückstr. 10a, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Berg C. Quantitative analysis of nanoparticle transport through in vitro blood-brain barrier models. Tissue Barriers 2016; 4:e1143545. [PMID: 27141425 PMCID: PMC4836482 DOI: 10.1080/21688370.2016.1143545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Revised: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticle transport through the blood-brain barrier has received much attention of late, both from the point of view of nano-enabled drug delivery, as well as due to concerns about unintended exposure of nanomaterials to humans and other organisms. In vitro models play a lead role in efforts to understand the extent of transport through the blood-brain barrier, but unique features of the nanoscale challenge their direct adaptation. Here we highlight some of the differences compared to molecular species when utilizing in vitro blood-brain barrier models for nanoparticle studies. Issues that may arise with transwell systems are discussed, together with some potential alternative methodologies. We also briefly review the biomolecular corona concept and its importance for how nanoparticles interact with the blood-brain barrier. We end with considering future directions, including indirect effects and application of shear and fluidics-technologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christoffer Berg
- Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen ; Groningen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Thomas A, Daniel Ou-Yang H, Lowe-Krentz L, Muzykantov VR, Liu Y. Biomimetic channel modeling local vascular dynamics of pro-inflammatory endothelial changes. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2016; 10:014101. [PMID: 26858813 PMCID: PMC4706543 DOI: 10.1063/1.4936672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Endothelial cells form the inner lining of blood vessels and are exposed to various factors like hemodynamic conditions (shear stress, laminar, and turbulent flow), biochemical signals (cytokines), and communication with other cell types (smooth muscle cells, monocytes, platelets, etc.). Blood vessel functions are regulated by interactions among these factors. The occurrence of a pathological condition would lead to localized upregulation of cell adhesion molecules on the endothelial lining of the blood vessel. This process is promoted by circulating cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha, which leads to expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) on the endothelial cell surface among other molecules. ICAM-1 is critical in regulating endothelial cell layer dynamic integrity and cytoskeletal remodeling and also mediates direct cell-cell interactions as part of inflammatory responses and wound healing. In this study, we developed a biomimetic blood vessel model by culturing confluent, flow aligned, endothelial cells in a microfluidic platform, and performed real time in situ characterization of flow mediated localized pro-inflammatory endothelial activation. The model mimics the physiological phenomenon of cytokine activation of endothelium from the tissue side and studies the heterogeneity in localized surface ICAM-1 expression and F-actin arrangement. Fluorescent antibody coated particles were used as imaging probes for identifying endothelial cell surface ICAM-1 expression. The binding properties of particles were evaluated under flow for two different particle sizes and antibody coating densities. This allowed the investigation of spatial resolution and accessibility of ICAM-1 molecules expressed on the endothelial cells, along with their sensitivity in receptor-ligand recognition and binding. This work has developed an in vitro blood vessel model that can integrate various heterogeneous factors to effectively mimic a complex endothelial microenvironment and can be potentially applied for relevant blood vessel mechanobiology studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antony Thomas
- Bioengineering Program, Lehigh University , Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, USA
| | | | | | - Vladimir R Muzykantov
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Li Z, Huang H, Tang S, Li Y, Yu XF, Wang H, Li P, Sun Z, Zhang H, Liu C, Chu PK. Small gold nanorods laden macrophages for enhanced tumor coverage in photothermal therapy. Biomaterials 2016; 74:144-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.09.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Revised: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 09/26/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
35
|
Jacobson M, Roth Z'graggen B, Graber SM, Schumacher CM, Stark WJ, Dumrese C, Mateos JM, Aemisegger C, Ziegler U, Urner M, Herrmann IK, Beck-Schimmer B. Uptake of ferromagnetic carbon-encapsulated metal nanoparticles in endothelial cells: influence of shear stress and endothelial activation. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2015; 10:3537-46. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm.15.172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Magnetic field guided drug targeting holds promise for more effective cancer treatment. Intravascular application of magnetic nanoparticles, however, bears the risk of potentially important, yet poorly understood side effects, such as off-target accumulation in endothelial cells. Materials & methods: Here, we investigated the influence of shear stress (0–3.22 dyn/cm2), exposure time (5–30 min) and endothelial activation on the uptake of ferromagnetic carbon-encapsulated iron carbide nanomagnets into endothelial cells in an in vitro flow cell model. Results: We found that even moderate shear stresses typically encountered in the venous system strongly reduce particle uptake compared with static conditions. Interestingly, a pronounced particle uptake was observed in inflamed endothelial cells. Conclusion: This study highlights the importance of relevant exposure scenarios accounting for physiological conditions when studying particle–cell interactions as, for example, shear stress and endothelial activation are major determinants of particle uptake. Such considerations are of particular importance with regard to successful translation of in vitro findings into (pre-)clinical end points.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Jacobson
- Institute of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Zurich, Hof E 111, Rämistrasse 100, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute of Physiology & Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Birgit Roth Z'graggen
- Institute of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Zurich, Hof E 111, Rämistrasse 100, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute of Physiology & Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sereina M Graber
- Anthropological Institute & Museum, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christoph M Schumacher
- ETH Zurich, Institute for Chemical & Bioengineering, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Wendelin J Stark
- ETH Zurich, Institute for Chemical & Bioengineering, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Claudia Dumrese
- Center for Microscopy & Image Analysis, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jose Maria Mateos
- Center for Microscopy & Image Analysis, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Caroline Aemisegger
- Center for Microscopy & Image Analysis, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Urs Ziegler
- Center for Microscopy & Image Analysis, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Martin Urner
- Institute of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Zurich, Hof E 111, Rämistrasse 100, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute of Physiology & Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Inge K Herrmann
- Institute of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Zurich, Hof E 111, Rämistrasse 100, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute of Physiology & Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
- Department Materials Meet Life, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science & Technology (Empa), Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Beatrice Beck-Schimmer
- Institute of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Zurich, Hof E 111, Rämistrasse 100, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute of Physiology & Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|