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Kong J, Wei Y, Zhou F, Shi L, Zhao S, Wan M, Zhang X. Carbon Quantum Dots: Properties, Preparation, and Applications. Molecules 2024; 29:2002. [PMID: 38731492 PMCID: PMC11085940 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29092002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Carbon quantum dots are a novel form of carbon material. They offer numerous benefits including particle size adjustability, light resistance, ease of functionalization, low toxicity, excellent biocompatibility, and high-water solubility, as well as their easy accessibility of raw materials. Carbon quantum dots have been widely used in various fields. The preparation methods employed are predominantly top-down methods such as arc discharge, laser ablation, electrochemical and chemical oxidation, as well as bottom-up methods such as templates, microwave, and hydrothermal techniques. This article provides an overview of the properties, preparation methods, raw materials for preparation, and the heteroatom doping of carbon quantum dots, and it summarizes the applications in related fields, such as optoelectronics, bioimaging, drug delivery, cancer therapy, sensors, and environmental remediation. Finally, currently encountered issues of carbon quantum dots are presented. The latest research progress in synthesis and application, as well as the challenges outlined in this review, can help and encourage future research on carbon quantum dots.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Xiangfeng Zhang
- School of Medicine, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, China; (Y.W.); (F.Z.); (L.S.); (S.Z.); (M.W.)
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2
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Mohammad NN. Carbon Dots from Tire Waste for the Photodegradation of Methyl Orange Dye, Antimicrobial Activity, and Molecular Docking Study. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202301358. [PMID: 37867143 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
In this study, solvothermal pathway was employed for the synthesis of P, N codoped C-dot using tire waste as a sustainable source of carbon and nitrogen. Comprehensive analyses encompassing X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), FT-IR, cyclic voltammetry, and UV-Vis spectra were used to assess the crystalline structure, purity, size, fluorescence up-conversion, and morphological attributes of the nanomaterial. Subsequently, the produced C-dots were evaluated for their efficacy in the photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue and methyl orange dyes, demonstrating notable success in degrading methyl orange dye within eight hours in the visible region. Furthermore, the same nanomaterial was applied for carrying out agar disk-diffusion assays against a spectrum of microorganisms. Results revealed substantial inhibition zones against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Elucidating the antimicrobial mechanism, molecular-docking simulations were excuted using on AutoDock Vina with designated ligands. The results indicated a strong binding affinity of the C-dots with certain proteins associated with antibacterial activity. This observation suggests that the synthesized C-dots effectively engage with the active sites of these proteins, indicating their potential as promising antibacterial agents. Importantly, this study implies that C-dots do not induce protein denaturation, thereby warranting further investigation of their utility as antibacterial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nian N Mohammad
- University of Sulaimani, College of Science, Department of Chemistry
- Komar University of Science and Technology, Department of Medical Laboratory Science
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3
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Vadia FY, Ghosh S, Mehta VN, Jha S, Malek NI, Park TJ, Kailasa SK. Fluorescence "Turn OFF-ON" detection of Fe 3+ and propiconazole pesticide using blue emissive carbon dots from lemon peel. Food Chem 2023; 428:136796. [PMID: 37441937 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
In this study, water-soluble carbon dots (CDs) were employed as a novel fluorescence "turn OFF-ON" sensor to detect Fe3+ ions in pharmaceutical sample and propiconazole (PC) in food samples. Blue fluorescent "LPCDs" are synthesized from the lemon peel that exhibited emission at 468 nm when excited at 378 nm. The average size of the as-prepared LPCDs is 2.03 nm, displaying a quantum yield of 32 %. Fluorescence "turn OFF-ON" strategy was developed for sensing of Fe3+ ion and PC, demonstrating favorable linearity in the range of 0.5-180 μM and 0.1-40 μM with the detection limits of 0.18 μM and 0.054 μM for Fe3+ and PC, respectively. Further, LPCDs-loaded cellulose paper was used as visual reader to detect Fe3+ and PC. This approach was effectively applied to detect Fe3+ and PC in pharmaceutical and vegetable samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Foziya Yusuf Vadia
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology, Surat 395007, Gujarat, India
| | - Subhadeep Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Research Institute of Chem-Bio Diagnostic Technology, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Vaibhavkumar N Mehta
- ASPEE SHAKILAM Biotechnology Institute, Navsari Agricultural University, Surat 395007, Gujarat, India
| | - Sanjay Jha
- ASPEE SHAKILAM Biotechnology Institute, Navsari Agricultural University, Surat 395007, Gujarat, India
| | - Naved I Malek
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology, Surat 395007, Gujarat, India
| | - Tae Jung Park
- Department of Chemistry, Research Institute of Chem-Bio Diagnostic Technology, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Suresh Kumar Kailasa
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology, Surat 395007, Gujarat, India.
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Wang L, Weng S, Su S, Wang W. Progress on the luminescence mechanism and application of carbon quantum dots based on biomass synthesis. RSC Adv 2023; 13:19173-19194. [PMID: 37362342 PMCID: PMC10288538 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra02519e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
With the continuous development of carbon-based materials, a variety of new materials have emerged one after another. Carbon Quantum Dots (CQDs) have succeeded in standing out from the crowd of new materials due to their better optical properties in biomedicine, ion detection, anti-counterfeiting materials and photocatalysis. In recent years, through the continuous exploration of CQDs, research scholars have found that the organic substances or heavy metals contained in traditional ones can cause irreversible harm to people and the environment. Therefore, the application of traditional CQDs in future studies will be gradually limited. Among various new materials, biomass raw materials have the merits of good biocompatibility, lower toxicity and green and environmental protection, which largely overcome the defects of traditional materials and have attracted many scholars to focus on the research and development of various biomass CQDs. This paper summarises the optical properties, fluorescence mechanisms, synthetic methods, functionalisation modulation of biomass CQDs and their relevant research progress in the fields of ion detection, bioimaging, biomedicine, biosensing, solar cells, anti-counterfeit materials, photocatalysis and capacitors. Finally, the paper concludes with some discussion of the challenges and prospects of this exciting and promising field of application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- School of Life Science and Chemistry, MinNan Science and Technology University Quanzhou 362332 China
| | - Shujia Weng
- School of Life Science and Chemistry, MinNan Science and Technology University Quanzhou 362332 China
| | - Shuai Su
- School of Life Science and Chemistry, MinNan Science and Technology University Quanzhou 362332 China
| | - Weiwei Wang
- School of Life Science and Chemistry, MinNan Science and Technology University Quanzhou 362332 China
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Kang K, Liu B, Yue G, Ren H, Zheng K, Wang L, Wang Z. Preparation of carbon quantum dots from ionic liquid modified biomass for the detection of Fe 3+ and Pd 2+ in environmental water. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 255:114795. [PMID: 36933478 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
A new type of green carbon quantum dots (ILB-CQDs) was prepared by hydrothermal method using ionic liquid as a modifier and grape skin as carbon source, and was obtained from hydrogen-bonded lattice structure ionic liquid preparation, which makes the CQDs in a ring-like stable structure with a stability period of more than 90 day. There is also the catalytic effect of the ionic liquid on cellulose, which makes the prepared CQDs show good advantages, such as uniform particle size, high quantum yield (26.7%), and very good fluorescence performance. This is a smart material for the selective detection of Fe3+ and Pd2+. It has a detection limit of 0.001 nM for Fe3+ and 0.23 µM for Pd2+ in pure water. It has a detection limit of 3.2 nmol/L for Fe3+ and 0.36 µmol/L for Pd2+ in actual water, both of which meet the requirements of WHO drinking water standards. And there is to achieve more than 90% of water restoration effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiming Kang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050018, PR China
| | - Baoyou Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050018, PR China; Key Laboratory of Pollution Prevention and Control in Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050018, PR China.
| | - Gang Yue
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050018, PR China; Ningxia Screen Display Material Technology Innovation Center, Ningxia Sinostar Display Material Co., Ltd, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750000, PR China.
| | - Hongwei Ren
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050018, PR China; Key Laboratory of Pollution Prevention and Control in Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050018, PR China
| | - Keyang Zheng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050018, PR China
| | - Limin Wang
- Ningxia Screen Display Material Technology Innovation Center, Ningxia Sinostar Display Material Co., Ltd, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750000, PR China
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- Ningxia Screen Display Material Technology Innovation Center, Ningxia Sinostar Display Material Co., Ltd, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750000, PR China
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Tang T, Liu Y, Wang P, Xiang Y, Liu L, Xiao S, Wang G. Carbon quantum dots as a nitric oxide donor can promote wound healing of deep partial-thickness burns in rats. Eur J Pharm Sci 2023; 183:106394. [PMID: 36740102 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2023.106394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In this study, a new carbon quantum dots-NO (CQDs-NO) that is based on spermidine trihydrochloride and can be used as a nitric oxide donor was prepared using a two-step hyperthermia-intermittent ultrasonic method, after which its healing effect on deep partial-thickness burn wounds was tested in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS CQDs-NO were prepared by a two-step hyperthermia-intermittent ultrasonic method. NO-released rate and biocompatibility of CQDs-NO were tested. The biological functions of CQDs-NO were measured by scratch assay, Western blotting, histology, and transcriptome sequencing. RESULTS CQDs-NO with a concentration of 1 μg/mL and 5 μg/mL showed no cytotoxicity. CQDs-NO could release NO when co-cultured with cells or glutathione peroxidase. We also found that CQDs-NO promotes the biological processes such as angiogenesis, cell-substrate adhesion, extracellular matrix organization, cell migration, and wound healing in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). Additionally, CQDs-NO promoted wound healing of deep partial-thickness burn by enhancing vascularization, matrix deposition, as well as regulating the inflammatory reactions of wounds. CONCLUSIONS CQDs-NO could be used as an alternative method for deep partial-thickness burn healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Tang
- Burn Institute of PLA, Department of Burn Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Research Unit of key techniques for treatment of burns and combined burns and trauma injury, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yingying Liu
- Burn Institute of PLA, Department of Burn Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Research Unit of key techniques for treatment of burns and combined burns and trauma injury, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery Linfen Central Hospital, Linfen, Shanxi, 041000, China
| | - Yang Xiang
- Burn Institute of PLA, Department of Burn Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Research Unit of key techniques for treatment of burns and combined burns and trauma injury, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Shichu Xiao
- Burn Institute of PLA, Department of Burn Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Research Unit of key techniques for treatment of burns and combined burns and trauma injury, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Guangyi Wang
- Burn Institute of PLA, Department of Burn Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Research Unit of key techniques for treatment of burns and combined burns and trauma injury, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, 200433, China.
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7
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Synthesis of trichromatic carbon dots from a single precursor by solvent effect and its versatile applications. ARAB J CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2023.104576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
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Sun X, He W, Liu B. Water-soluble long afterglow carbon dots/silica composites for dual-channel detection of alkaline phosphatase and multi-level information anti-counterfeiting. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2022; 14:5001-5011. [PMID: 36445329 DOI: 10.1039/d2ay01587k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Water-soluble carbon dots/silica (CDs/SiO2) composites with an ultra-long lifetime of 846.9 ms and an ultra-high afterglow quantum yield of 12.1% were successfully obtained by incorporating CDs into a SiO2 network. Within the aqueous solution, the SiO2 layer isolates CDs from the surrounding oxygen. Meanwhile, hydrogen bonds and covalent bonds are formed between the CDs and SiO2, and these bonds restrict the movement and vibration of the CDs. Accordingly, the non-radiative inactivation rate of the triplet excitons of the CDs is reduced, thereby enhancing the room-temperature phosphorescence of the CDs and triggering thermally activated delayed fluorescence. The multiple properties of the material effectively protect the CDs from the external environment, making CDs/SiO2 emit a long afterglow in the solid and liquid phases. The prepared CDs/SiO2 composites have exceptional stability against strong oxidants, acids, bases, and polar solvents. The composites were successfully used in the dual-optical mode detection of alkaline phosphatase, as an anti-counterfeiting ink, and in multi-level information anti-counterfeiting and encryption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangying Sun
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Designing and Green Conversions (Fujian University), NO. 668 Jimei Avenue, Jimei District, Xiamen 361021, China.
| | - Wei He
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Designing and Green Conversions (Fujian University), NO. 668 Jimei Avenue, Jimei District, Xiamen 361021, China.
| | - Bin Liu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Designing and Green Conversions (Fujian University), NO. 668 Jimei Avenue, Jimei District, Xiamen 361021, China.
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Preparation of Nitrogen and Sulfur Co-Doped Fluorescent Carbon Dots from Cellulose Nanocrystals as a Sensor for the Detection of Rutin. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27228021. [PMID: 36432118 PMCID: PMC9697528 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27228021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The poor water solubility, large particle size, and low accessibility of cellulose, the most abundant bioresource, have restricted its generalization to carbon dots (CDs). Herein, nitrogen and sulfur co-doped fluorescent carbon dots (N, S-CDs) were hydrothermally synthesized using cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) as a carbon precursor, exhibiting a small particle size and excellent aqueous dispersion. Thiourea was selected as a nitrogen and sulfur dopant to introduce abundant fluorescent functional groups into N, S-CDs. The resulting N, S-CDs exhibited nanoscale size (6.2 nm), abundant functional groups, bright blue fluorescence, high quantum yield (QY = 27.4%), and high overall yield (16.2%). The excellent optical properties of N, S-CDs endowed it to potentially display a highly sensitive fluorescence "turn off" response to rutin. The fluorescence response for rutin allowed a wide linear range of 0-40 mg·L-1, with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.02 μM, which revealed the potential of N, S-CDs as a rapid and simple sensing platform for rutin detection. In addition, the sustainable and large-scale production of the N, S-CDs in this study paves the way for the successful high-value utilization of cellulose.
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10
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Facile and sustainable synthesis of sodium lignosulfonate derived carbon quantum dots for the detection of total Mn and ascorbic acid. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.104422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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11
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Zhang L, Yang X, Yin Z, Sun L. A Review on Carbon Quantum Dots: Synthesis, Photoluminescence Mechanisms and Applications. LUMINESCENCE 2022; 37:1612-1638. [PMID: 35906748 DOI: 10.1002/bio.4351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Carbon quantum dots (CQDs), having outstanding biocompatibility, attractive catalytic performance, excellent optical properties, and valuable environment friendliness, are emerging as a new paradigm to design luminescent devices and show great potential in application fields such as biomedical sensors, optical and photonic devices. And CQDs are known as one of the most promising carbon based nanomaterials in the 21st century. Therefore, it has attracted a lot of attention since it was first discovered in 2004. In this review, we explain the accepted photoluminescence mechanism of CQDs, including fluorescence and phosphorescence. There are two main types of synthesis strategies: top-down approach and bottom-up approach. At the same time, the main application fields, including ion detection, anti-counterfeiting, biological imaging, food safety, sensors, lubrication additives, are reviewed. Finally, the existing bottlenecks, pending problems and prospects for the future of CQDs are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Likang Zhang
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xue Yang
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhifu Yin
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China.,State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Linlin Sun
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Garcia-Millan T, Swift TA, Morgan DJ, Harniman RL, Masheder B, Hughes S, Davis SA, Oliver TAA, Galan MC. Small variations in reaction conditions tune carbon dot fluorescence. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:6930-6940. [PMID: 35466987 PMCID: PMC9109711 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr01306a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The development of robust and reproducible synthetic strategies for the production of carbon dots (CDs) with improved fluorescence quantum yields and distinct emission profiles is of great relevance given the vast range of applications of CDs. The fundamental understanding at a molecular level of their formation mechanism, chemical structure and how these parameters are correlated to their photoluminescence (PL) properties is thus essential. In this study, we describe the synthesis and structural characterization of a range of CDs with distinct physico-chemical properties. The materials were prepared under three minutes of microwave irradiation using the same common starting materials (D-glucosamine hydrochloride 1 and ethylenediamine 2) but modifying the stoichiometry of the reagents. We show that small variation in reaction conditions leads to changes in the fluorescent behaviour of the CDs, especially in the selective enhancement of overlapped fluorescence bands. Structural analysis of the different CD samples suggested different reaction pathways during the CD formation and surface passivation, with the latter step being key to the observed differences. Moreover, we demonstrate that these materials have distinct reversible response to pH changes, which we can be attribute to different behaviour towards protonation/deprotonation events of distinct emission domains present within each nanomaterial. Our results highlight the importance of understanding the reaction pathways that lead to the formation of this carbon-based nanomaterials and how this can be exploited to develop tailored materials towards specific applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thomas A Swift
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK.
| | - David J Morgan
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
- HarwellXPS, - ESPRC National Facility for XPS, Research Complex at Harwell (RcAH), Didcot, Oxon OX11 0FA, UK
| | - Robert L Harniman
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK.
| | - Benjamin Masheder
- DST Innovations Ltd, Unit 6a Bridgend Business Centre, Bennett Street, Bridgend, CF31 3SH, UK
| | - Stephen Hughes
- DST Innovations Ltd, Unit 6a Bridgend Business Centre, Bennett Street, Bridgend, CF31 3SH, UK
| | - Sean A Davis
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK.
| | - Thomas A A Oliver
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK.
| | - M Carmen Galan
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK.
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Malavika JP, Shobana C, Sundarraj S, Ganeshbabu M, Kumar P, Selvan RK. Green synthesis of multifunctional carbon quantum dots: An approach in cancer theranostics. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2022; 136:212756. [PMID: 35929302 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.212756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) have gained significant growing attention in the recent past due to their peculiar characteristics including smaller size, high surface area, photoluminescence, chemical stability, facile synthesis and functionalization possibilities. They are carbon nanostructures having less than 10 nm size with fluorescent properties. In recent years, the scientific community is curiously adopting biomass precursors for the preparation of CQDs over the chemical compounds. These biomass sources are sustainable, eco-friendly, inexpensive, widely available and convert waste into valuable materials. Hence in our work the fundamental understating of diverse fabrication methodologies of CQDs, and the types of raw materials employed in recent times, are all examined and correlated comprehensively. Their unique combination of remarkable properties, together with the ease with which they can be fabricated, makes CQDs as promising materials for applications in diverse biomedical fields, in particular for bio-imaging, targeted drug delivery and phototherapy for cancer treatment. The mechanism for luminescence is of considerable significance for leading the synthesis of CQDs with tunable fluorescence emission. Therefore, it is aimed to explore and provide an updated review on (i) the recent progress on the different synthesis methods of biomass-derived CQDs, (ii) the contribution of surface states or functional groups on the luminescence origin and (iii) its potential application for cancer theranostics, concentrating on their fluorescence properties. Finally, we explored the challenges in modification for the synthesis of CQDs from biomass derivatives and the future scope of CQDs in phototherapy for cancer theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jalaja Prasad Malavika
- Department of Zoology, Kongunadu Arts and Science College (Autonomous), G. N. Mills, Coimbatore 641 029, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Chellappan Shobana
- Department of Zoology, Kongunadu Arts and Science College (Autonomous), G. N. Mills, Coimbatore 641 029, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Shenbagamoorthy Sundarraj
- Department of Zoology, Ayya Nadar Janaki Ammal College (Autonomous), Sivakasi - 626 124, Virudhunagar District, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Mariappan Ganeshbabu
- Department of Physics, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ponnuchamy Kumar
- Department of Animal Health and Management, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India
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Yan Z, Yao W, Mai K, Huang J, Wan Y, Huang L, Cai B, Liu Y. A highly selective and sensitive "on-off" fluorescent probe for detecting cadmium ions and l-cysteine based on nitrogen and boron co-doped carbon quantum dots. RSC Adv 2022; 12:8202-8210. [PMID: 35424768 PMCID: PMC8982326 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra08219a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadmium ions (Cd2+) have caused relatively serious pollution, threatening human health and ecosystems. l-Cysteine (l-Cys) is an essential amino acid in living organisms and concentration of l-Cys is closely related to some human diseases. In this work, we first introduced 2-amino-3-hydroxypyridine and sodium borohydride as the nitrogen source and boron source to fabricate boron and nitrogen co-doped carbon quantum dots (N,B-CQDs) with high fluorescence quantum yield (21.2%), which were synthesized through a simple, low-consumption and pollution-free one-pot hydrothermal method. The obtained N,B-CQDs are able to detect Cd2+ rapidly and sensitively through fluorescence enhancement, which may be ascribed to chelation enhanced fluorescence that is induced by the formation of the N,B-CQDs/Cd2+ complex. Simultaneously, N,B-CQDs can be used to detect l-cysteine because significant fluorescence quenching was observed when l-Cys was added into the N,B-CQDs/Cd2+ system. In the two fluorescence "turn-on" and "turn-off" processes, this fluorescent probe obtained a good linear relationship over Cd2+ concentration ranging from 2.5 µM to 22.5 µM with a detection limit of 0.45 µM, while the concentration of l-cysteine showed a linear relationship in the range of 2.5-17.5 µM with a detection limit of 0.28 µM. The sensor has been successfully used to detect Cd2+ and l-cysteine in real samples with satisfying results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihong Yan
- College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University Guangzhou 510000 China
| | - Wei Yao
- College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University Guangzhou 510000 China
| | - Kang Mai
- Zhongshan Carefor Daily Necessities Ltd Zhongshan 528400 China
| | - Jiaqi Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University Guangzhou 510000 China
| | - Yating Wan
- School of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University Zhongshan 528400 China
| | - Liu Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University Zhongshan 528400 China
| | - Bo Cai
- Guangzhou OPSEVE Cosmetics Co. Ltd Guangzhou 510000 China
| | - Yi Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University Guangzhou 510000 China
- School of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University Zhongshan 528400 China
- Guangzhou OPSEVE Cosmetics Co. Ltd Guangzhou 510000 China
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15
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Domingo-Tafalla B, Martínez-Ferrero E, Franco F, Palomares-Gil E. Applications of Carbon Dots for the Photocatalytic and Electrocatalytic Reduction of CO 2. Molecules 2022; 27:1081. [PMID: 35164346 PMCID: PMC8840083 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27031081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The photocatalytic and electrocatalytic conversion of CO2 has the potential to provide valuable products, such as chemicals or fuels of interest, at low cost while maintaining a circular carbon cycle. In this context, carbon dots possess optical and electrochemical properties that make them suitable candidates to participate in the reaction, either as a single component or forming part of more elaborate catalytic systems. In this review, we describe several strategies where the carbon dots participate, both with amorphous and graphitic structures, in the photocatalysis or electrochemical catalysis of CO2 to provide different carbon-containing products of interest. The role of the carbon dots is analyzed as a function of their redox and light absorption characteristics and their complementarity with other known catalytic systems. Moreover, detailed information about synthetic procedures is also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriu Domingo-Tafalla
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (ICIQ-BIST), Avda. Països Catalans, 16, E-43007 Tarragona, Spain; (B.D.-T.); (E.M.-F.)
- Departament d’Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avda. Països Catalans, 26, E-43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Eugenia Martínez-Ferrero
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (ICIQ-BIST), Avda. Països Catalans, 16, E-43007 Tarragona, Spain; (B.D.-T.); (E.M.-F.)
| | - Federico Franco
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (ICIQ-BIST), Avda. Països Catalans, 16, E-43007 Tarragona, Spain; (B.D.-T.); (E.M.-F.)
| | - Emilio Palomares-Gil
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (ICIQ-BIST), Avda. Països Catalans, 16, E-43007 Tarragona, Spain; (B.D.-T.); (E.M.-F.)
- ICREA, Passeig Lluís Companys 23, E08010 Barcelona, Spain
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16
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Guo H, Peng L, Wu N, Liu B, Wang M, Chen Y, Pan Z, Liu Y, Yang W. A novel fluorescent Si/CDs for highly sensitive Hg2+ sensing in water environment. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.128023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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17
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Hong Y, Chen X, Zhang Y, Zhu Y, Sun J, Swihart MT, Tan K, Dong L. One-pot hydrothermal synthesis of high quantum yield orange-emitting carbon quantum dots for sensitive detection of perfluorinated compounds. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj02907c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A carbon quantum dot with orange high quantum yield is used to detect PFOS/PFOA in cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yushuang Hong
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xianping Chen
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Ya Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yulin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jingfang Sun
- School of the Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emissions Control, Center of Modern Analysis, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
| | - Mark T. Swihart
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260-4200, USA
| | - Kejun Tan
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Lin Dong
- School of the Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emissions Control, Center of Modern Analysis, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
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18
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Nkeumaleu AT, Benetti D, Haddadou I, Di Mare M, Ouellet-Plamondon CM, Rosei F. Brewery spent grain derived carbon dots for metal sensing. RSC Adv 2022; 12:11621-11627. [PMID: 35481069 PMCID: PMC9009306 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra00048b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
This article presents a proof-of-concept to recycle microbrewery waste as a carbon source for synthesizing carbon dots (CDs). A simple method has been developed to synthesize water-soluble CDs based on microwave irradiation of brewery spent grain. The structures and optical properties of the CDs were characterized by ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and transmission electron microscopy. The effects of reaction time, temperature and pH on the properties of carbon dots were studied. These CDs were found to be spherical with an average diameter of 5.3 nm, N-doped, containing many functional groups (hydroxyl, ethers, esters, carboxyl and amino groups), and to exhibit good photoluminescence with a fluorescent quantum yield of 14%. Finally, the interaction between carbon dots and metal ions was investigated towards developing CDs as a sensing technology for water treatment, food quality and safety detection. This article presents a proof-of-concept to recycle microbrewery waste as a carbon source for synthesizing carbon dots (CDs).![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurel Thibaut Nkeumaleu
- École de technologie supérieure, Université du Québec, 1100 Notre-Dame West, Montréal, H3C 1K3, Canada
| | - Daniele Benetti
- INRS, 1650 Boulevard Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, QC J3X 1P7, Canada
| | - Imane Haddadou
- École de technologie supérieure, Université du Québec, 1100 Notre-Dame West, Montréal, H3C 1K3, Canada
| | - Michael Di Mare
- École de technologie supérieure, Université du Québec, 1100 Notre-Dame West, Montréal, H3C 1K3, Canada
| | | | - Federico Rosei
- INRS, 1650 Boulevard Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, QC J3X 1P7, Canada
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19
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Feng G, Zhang H, Zhu X, Zhang J, Fang J. Fluorescence Thermometer: Intermediation of the Fontal Temperature and Light. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:1855-1882. [DOI: 10.1039/d1bm01912k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The rapid advance of thermal materials and fluorescence spectroscopy has extensively promoted micro-scale fluorescence thermometry development in recent years. Based on the advantages of fast response, high sensitivity, simple operation,...
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20
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Xiao Y, Dong W, Wang H, Hao Y, Wang Z, Shuang S, Dong C, Gong X. A fluorometric and colorimetric dual-readout nanoprobe based on Cl and N co-doped carbon quantum dots with large stokes shift for sequential detection of morin and zinc ion. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 261:120028. [PMID: 34119768 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.120028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A novel visual nanoprobe was developed for the sequential detection of morin and zinc ion (Zn2+) based on Cl and N co-doped carbon quantum dots (ClNCQDs) via a fluorometric and colorimetric dual-readout mode. The yellow fluorescence ClNCQDs was synthesized by the one-step hydrothermal treatment of o-chlorobenzoic acid and p-phenylenediamine. The most distinctive property of the ClNCQDs is the large stokes shift (177 nm), which is significantly higher than other reported CQDs. The fluorescence of the ClNCQDs can be effectively quenched by morin based on the synergistic effect of IFE, electrostatic interaction, and dynamic quenching process, and recovered upon the addition of Zn2+ due to strong interaction between morin and Zn2+. The nanoprobe exhibited favorable selectivity and sensitivity toward morin and Zn2+ with detection limits of 0.09 µM and 0.17 µM, respectively. Simultaneously, the color of the ClNCQDs solution was changed (light-pink → faint-yellow → dark-yellow) along with the variation of the fluorescence signal of the ClNCQDs. This proposed nanoprobe was successfully applied for morin and Zn2+ analyses in actual samples and live cells with high accuracy. The results of this study demonstrate the great application prospects of the ClNCQDs for morin and Zn2+ detection in complex actual samples and biosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxia Xiao
- Institute of Environmental Science, and Shanxi Laboratory for Yellow River, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, PR China; Shanxi Province Centre for Ecological and Environmental Monitoring and Emergency Response, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030000, PR China
| | - Wenjuan Dong
- Institute of Environmental Science, and Shanxi Laboratory for Yellow River, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, PR China
| | - Huiping Wang
- Institute of Environmental Science, and Shanxi Laboratory for Yellow River, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, PR China
| | - Yumin Hao
- Institute of Environmental Science, and Shanxi Laboratory for Yellow River, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, PR China
| | - Zihan Wang
- Institute of Environmental Science, and Shanxi Laboratory for Yellow River, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, PR China
| | - Shaomin Shuang
- Institute of Environmental Science, and Shanxi Laboratory for Yellow River, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, PR China
| | - Chuan Dong
- Institute of Environmental Science, and Shanxi Laboratory for Yellow River, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, PR China.
| | - Xiaojuan Gong
- Institute of Environmental Science, and Shanxi Laboratory for Yellow River, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, PR China.
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21
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One-step synthesis of nitrogen-doped multi-emission carbon dots and their fluorescent sensing in HClO and cellular imaging. Mikrochim Acta 2021; 188:330. [PMID: 34498123 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-021-04973-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Tunable multicolor carbon dots (CDs) with a quantum yield reach up to 35% were generated directly from rhodamine and urea via one-step hydrothermal approach and purified through silica gel column chromatography. Transmission electron microscopy images reveal that the as-prepared CDs possess a small size distribution below 10 nm with bright blue, green, and yellow color emission, designated as b-CDs, g-CDs, and y-CDs, respectively. The in-depth investigations reveal that the multicolor emission CDs with different fraction displays fluorescence emission wavelength ranges from 398 nm (b-CDs), 525 nm (g-CDs), to 553 nm (y-CDs) which could be well modulated by controlling the amount of heteroatom nitrogen especially amino nitrogen onto their surface structures. Further experiments verify the important role of nitrogen content by using rhodamine solely or substituting urea with sulfur containing compounds as precursors to produce corresponding CDs since the performance is lower than that of urea incorporation. Theoretical calculation results also reveal that the increasing amount of amino nitrogen into their surface structures of b-CDs, g-CDs to y-CDs is responsible for reduced band gaps energy, which result in the redshifted wavelength. Benefiting from the excellent photoluminescence properties, wide pH variation range, high photo stability, and low toxicity, these CDs were employed for HClO sensing at 553 nm within the range 5 to 140 μM with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.27 ± 0.025 μM (n = 3) and multicolor cellular imaging in HeLa cells. Tunable multicolor carbon dots (CDs) were generated directly from rhodamine and urea via one-step hydrothermal approach and purified through silica gel column chromatography. The as-prepared CDs exhibit bright blue, green, and yellow color emission which could be well modulated by controlling the increasing incorporation of heteroatom nitrogen especially amino nitrogen into their surface structures. These CDs were employed for HClO sensing and demonstrated to multicolor cellular imaging in HeLa cells.
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22
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Li F, Li QL, Hu L, Zhu HY, Wang WJ, Kong FY, Li HY, Wang ZX, Wang W. Ratiometric detection of p-nitrophenol and its derivatives using a dual-emissive neuron cell-like carbonized probe based on a ππ stacking quenching mechanism. Analyst 2021; 146:4566-4575. [PMID: 34152330 DOI: 10.1039/d1an00891a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
p-Nitrophenol and its derivatives can cause serious harm to the health of mankind and the earth's ecosystem. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a novel and rapid detection technology for p-nitrophenol and its derivative. Herein, excellent water-soluble, large-size and dual-emissive neuron cell-analogous carbon-based probes (NCNPs) have been prepared via a solvothermal approach, using o-phenylenediamine as the only precursor, which exhibit two distinctive fluorescence (FL) peaks at 420 and 555 nm under 345 nm excitation. The NCNPs show a neuron cell-like branched structure, are cross-connected, and are in the range of 10-20 nm in skeleton diameter. Interestingly, their blue-green dual-colour fluorescence is quenched by p-nitrophenol or its derivative due to the specific mechanism of the ππ stacking interactions or internal filtration effect. Accordingly, a simple, rapid, direct and free-label ratiometric FL detection of p-nitrophenol is proposed. An excellent linear relationship shows linear regions over the range of 0.1-50 μM between the ratio of the FL intensity (FL555 nm/FL420 nm) and the concentrations of p-nitrophenol. The detection limit is as low as 43 nM (3σ). Importantly, the NCNP-based probe also shows acceptable repeatability and reproducibility for the detection of p-nitrophenol and its derivatives, and the recovery results for p-nitrophenol in real wastewater samples are favourable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China.
| | - Qi-Le Li
- School of Science, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, P.R. China
| | - Lei Hu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China.
| | - Hong-Yu Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China.
| | - Wen-Juan Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China.
| | - Fen-Ying Kong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China.
| | - Heng-Ye Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China.
| | - Zhong-Xia Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China.
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China.
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23
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Zhang L, Wang Z, Wang H, Dong W, Liu Y, Hu Q, Shuang S, Dong C, Gong X. Nitrogen-doped carbon dots for wash-free imaging of nucleolus orientation. Mikrochim Acta 2021; 188:183. [PMID: 33970343 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-021-04837-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) are a rising star in the field of cellular imaging, especially cytoplasmic imaging, attributing to the super-stable optical performance and ultra-low biological toxicity. Nucleolus can accurately reflect the expression state of a cell and is strongly linked to the occurrence and development of many diseases, so exploring bran-new CDs for nucleolus-orientation imaging with no-wash technology has important theoretical value and practical significance. Herein, nitrogen-doped carbon dots (N-CDs) with green fluorescence (the relative fluorescence quantum yield of 24.4%) was fabricated by the hydrothermal treatment of m-phenylenediamine and p-aminobenzoic acid. The N-CDs possess small size, bright green fluorescence, abundant surface functional groups, excellent fluorescence stability and good biocompatibility, facilitating that the N-CDs are an excellent imaging reagent for cellular imaging. N-CDs can particularly bind to RNA in nucleoli to enhance their fluorescence, which ensures that the N-CDs can be used in nucleolus-orientation imaging with high specificity and wash-free technique. This study demonstrates that the N-CDs have a significant feasibility to be used for nucleolus-orientation imaging in biomedical analysis and clinical diagnostic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Science, and Shanxi Laboratory for Yellow River, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, People's Republic of China
| | - Zihan Wang
- Institute of Environmental Science, and Shanxi Laboratory for Yellow River, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiping Wang
- Institute of Environmental Science, and Shanxi Laboratory for Yellow River, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjuan Dong
- Institute of Environmental Science, and Shanxi Laboratory for Yellow River, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Liu
- Institute of Environmental Science, and Shanxi Laboratory for Yellow River, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Hu
- College of Food Chemistry and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaomin Shuang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuan Dong
- Institute of Environmental Science, and Shanxi Laboratory for Yellow River, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaojuan Gong
- Institute of Environmental Science, and Shanxi Laboratory for Yellow River, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, People's Republic of China.
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24
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Fu Q, Tan X, Ye S, Ma L, Gu Y, Zhang P, Chen Q, Yang Y, Tang Y. Mechanism analysis of heavy metal lead captured by natural-aged microplastics. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 270:128624. [PMID: 33077192 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, the mechanism of lead (Pb(II)) captured by natural-aged microplastics in aqueous medium was explored. Compared with pristine microplastics, the natural-aged microplastics were more efficient for adsorbing Pb(II). After treated by hydrochloric acid (HCl) or sodium hydroxide (NaOH), the organic film was damaged and the adsorption efficiency decreased obviously, which proved that the organic film played an important role in Pb(II) capture. The fitting results of the isothermal adsorption model showed that this adsorption process was more in line with Langmuir model than with Freundlich model, and the maximum adsorption amount (13.60 mg/g) could also be obtained from the Langmuir model. Based on the comprehensive analysis of XRD, XPS and FTIR results, it was found that Pb(II) capture by natural-aged microplastics was mainly determined by the oxygen containing functional groups (carboxyl and hydroxyl groups) on the organic film. Besides, the measurement results of Zeta potential and pH effect showed that electrostatic interaction was mainly responsible for the Pb(II) capture process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianmin Fu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Xiaofei Tan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China.
| | - Shujing Ye
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Lili Ma
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, PR China.
| | - Yanling Gu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, 410114, PR China.
| | - Peng Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Qiang Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Yang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Yuanqiang Tang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
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25
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He Z, Liu S, Zhang C, Fan L, Zhang J, Chen Q, Sun Y, He L, Wang Z, Zhang K. Coal based carbon dots: Recent advances in synthesis, properties, and applications. NANO SELECT 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/nano.202100019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ziguo He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Anhui University of Technology Ma'anshan Anhui 243032 China
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Optoelectronic Technology Appliance School of Mechanical Engineering Tongling University Tongling Anhui 244061 China
| | - Shengjun Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Anhui University of Technology Ma'anshan Anhui 243032 China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Anhui University of Technology Ma'anshan Anhui 243032 China
| | - Liyuan Fan
- College of Science & Engineering James Cook University 1 James Cook Drive Townsville Queensland 4811 Australia
| | - Jian Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Anhui University of Technology Ma'anshan Anhui 243032 China
| | - Qian Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Anhui University of Technology Ma'anshan Anhui 243032 China
| | - Yudie Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Anhui University of Technology Ma'anshan Anhui 243032 China
| | - Lifang He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Anhui University of Technology Ma'anshan Anhui 243032 China
| | - Zhicai Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Anhui University of Technology Ma'anshan Anhui 243032 China
| | - Kui Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Anhui University of Technology Ma'anshan Anhui 243032 China
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26
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Zhao D, Zhang Z, Liu X, Zhang R, Xiao X. Rapid and low-temperature synthesis of N, P co-doped yellow emitting carbon dots and their applications as antibacterial agent and detection probe to Sudan Red I. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 119:111468. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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27
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Lou Y, Hao X, Liao L, Zhang K, Chen S, Li Z, Ou J, Qin A, Li Z. Recent advances of biomass carbon dots on syntheses, characterization, luminescence mechanism, and sensing applications. NANO SELECT 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/nano.202000232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Lou
- Key Lab New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metals & Materials Ministry of Education College of Materials science and engineering College of Environmental Science and Engineering Guilin University of Technology Guilin China
| | - Xinyu Hao
- Key Lab New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metals & Materials Ministry of Education College of Materials science and engineering College of Environmental Science and Engineering Guilin University of Technology Guilin China
| | - Lei Liao
- Key Lab New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metals & Materials Ministry of Education College of Materials science and engineering College of Environmental Science and Engineering Guilin University of Technology Guilin China
| | - Kaiyou Zhang
- Key Lab New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metals & Materials Ministry of Education College of Materials science and engineering College of Environmental Science and Engineering Guilin University of Technology Guilin China
| | - Shuoping Chen
- Key Lab New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metals & Materials Ministry of Education College of Materials science and engineering College of Environmental Science and Engineering Guilin University of Technology Guilin China
| | - Ziyuan Li
- Key Lab New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metals & Materials Ministry of Education College of Materials science and engineering College of Environmental Science and Engineering Guilin University of Technology Guilin China
| | - Jun Ou
- Key Lab New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metals & Materials Ministry of Education College of Materials science and engineering College of Environmental Science and Engineering Guilin University of Technology Guilin China
| | - Aimiao Qin
- Key Lab New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metals & Materials Ministry of Education College of Materials science and engineering College of Environmental Science and Engineering Guilin University of Technology Guilin China
| | - Zhou Li
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
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28
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Qin Z, Wen M, Bai J, Cui J, Miao R, Zhang X, Zhang Q, Zhang R, Du X. Silica-coupled carbon nanodots: multicolor fluorescence governed by the surface structure for fingerprint recognition and WLED devices. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj01742j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This study shows a solvent-engineered strategy for the controlled synthesis of N-CNDs/silica with blue and green fluorescence, respectively, and applied to detect latent fingerprints and fabricate LED devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenxing Qin
- Department of Physics
- Taiyuan University of Science and Technology
- Taiyuan 030024
- People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Wen
- Department of Physics
- Taiyuan University of Science and Technology
- Taiyuan 030024
- People's Republic of China
| | - Jingjing Bai
- Department of Materials Engineering
- Taiyuan Institute of Technology
- Taiyuan 030008
- People's Republic of China
| | - Junchao Cui
- Department of Physics
- Taiyuan University of Science and Technology
- Taiyuan 030024
- People's Republic of China
| | - Runze Miao
- Department of Physics
- Taiyuan University of Science and Technology
- Taiyuan 030024
- People's Republic of China
| | - Xuewen Zhang
- Department of Physics
- Taiyuan University of Science and Technology
- Taiyuan 030024
- People's Republic of China
| | - Qingmei Zhang
- Department of Physics
- Taiyuan University of Science and Technology
- Taiyuan 030024
- People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Physics
- Taiyuan University of Science and Technology
- Taiyuan 030024
- People's Republic of China
| | - Xiujuan Du
- Department of Physics
- Taiyuan University of Science and Technology
- Taiyuan 030024
- People's Republic of China
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29
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Abstract
Optical sensors are always fascinating for chemists due to their selectivity, sensitivity, robustness and cost-effective nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafiz Muhammad Junaid
- Institute of Chemistry
- University of the Punjab
- Quaid-e-Azam Campus
- Lahore 54590
- Pakistan
| | - Amber Rehana Solangi
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry
- University of Sindh
- Jamshoro
- Pakistan
| | - Madeeha Batool
- Institute of Chemistry
- University of the Punjab
- Quaid-e-Azam Campus
- Lahore 54590
- Pakistan
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30
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Bright blue emissions N-doped carbon dots from a single precursor and their application in the trace detection of Fe3+ and F−. Inorganica Chim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2020.120087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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31
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Zhang Q, Liang J, Zhao L, Wang Y, Zheng Y, Wu Y, Jiang L. Synthesis of Novel Fluorescent Carbon Quantum Dots From Rosa roxburghii for Rapid and Highly Selective Detection of o-nitrophenol and Cellular Imaging. Front Chem 2020; 8:665. [PMID: 32850674 PMCID: PMC7411352 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel carbon quantum dots (CQDs) were successfully synthesized by one-step hydrothermal reaction using Rosa roxburghii as a biomass-based precursor. The CQDs have an average size of 2.5 nm and a narrow size distribution. They display strong blue fluorescence with a quantum yield of 24.8% and good biocompatibility. Notably, these CQDs were capable of detecting trace o-nitrophenol in surface water and sewage with high sensitivity and specificity. The linear range is 0.08–40 μmol/L, and the limit of detection is 15.2 nmol/L. Furthermore, this CQDs was successfully applied for o-nitrophenol analysis in river water and sewage samples. Additionally, Hep3B cells, a human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line, can be easily imaged with high resolution using the as-prepared CQDs as nanoprobes. These results reveal that the as-prepared CQDs have potential applications for detecting o-nitrophenol and cell imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianchun Zhang
- School of Biology and Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Synthesis and Environmental Pollution Control-Remediation Technology of Guizhou Province, Xingyi Normal University for Nationalities, Xingyi, China
| | - Junyi Liang
- School of Biology and Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Synthesis and Environmental Pollution Control-Remediation Technology of Guizhou Province, Xingyi Normal University for Nationalities, Xingyi, China
| | - Li Zhao
- School of Biology and Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Synthesis and Environmental Pollution Control-Remediation Technology of Guizhou Province, Xingyi Normal University for Nationalities, Xingyi, China
| | - Yan Wang
- School of Biology and Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Synthesis and Environmental Pollution Control-Remediation Technology of Guizhou Province, Xingyi Normal University for Nationalities, Xingyi, China
| | - Yuguo Zheng
- School of Biology and Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Synthesis and Environmental Pollution Control-Remediation Technology of Guizhou Province, Xingyi Normal University for Nationalities, Xingyi, China
| | - Yun Wu
- School of Biology and Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Synthesis and Environmental Pollution Control-Remediation Technology of Guizhou Province, Xingyi Normal University for Nationalities, Xingyi, China
| | - Li Jiang
- School of Biology and Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Synthesis and Environmental Pollution Control-Remediation Technology of Guizhou Province, Xingyi Normal University for Nationalities, Xingyi, China
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32
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Wei S, Yin X, Li H, Du X, Zhang L, Yang Q, Yang R. Multi‐Color Fluorescent Carbon Dots: Graphitized sp
2
Conjugated Domains and Surface State Energy Level Co‐Modulate Band Gap Rather Than Size Effects. Chemistry 2020; 26:8129-8136. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202000763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Wei
- Key Laboratory Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical ChemistryMinistry of EducationSouthwest University Chongqing 400715 P.R. China
| | - Xinghang Yin
- Key Laboratory Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical ChemistryMinistry of EducationSouthwest University Chongqing 400715 P.R. China
| | - Haoyi Li
- Key Laboratory Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical ChemistryMinistry of EducationSouthwest University Chongqing 400715 P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Du
- Key Laboratory Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical ChemistryMinistry of EducationSouthwest University Chongqing 400715 P.R. China
| | - Limei Zhang
- Key Laboratory Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical ChemistryMinistry of EducationSouthwest University Chongqing 400715 P.R. China
| | - Qiang Yang
- Key Laboratory Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical ChemistryMinistry of EducationSouthwest University Chongqing 400715 P.R. China
| | - Rui Yang
- Key Laboratory Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical ChemistryMinistry of EducationSouthwest University Chongqing 400715 P.R. China
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33
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Multi-Functional Carbon Dots from an Ayurvedic Medicinal Plant for Cancer Cell Bioimaging Applications. J Fluoresc 2020; 30:407-418. [DOI: 10.1007/s10895-020-02515-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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34
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Huang H, Shen Z, Chen B, Wang X, Xia Q, Ge Z, Wang Y, Li X. Selenium-doped two-photon fluorescent carbon nanodots for in-situ free radical scavenging in mitochondria. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 567:402-409. [PMID: 32078945 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial oxidative stress is associated with the occurrence and development of a wide range of human diseases. The development of methodologies to alleviate oxidative stress-mediated injury may have therapeutic potential. Herein, we report the design and preparation of triphenylphosphonium-functionalized selenium-doped carbon nanodots (TPP-Se-CDs) that can efficiently scavenging hydroxyl radicals (OH) and superoxide anions (O2-) in mitochondria region. Se-CDs with two-photon blue fluorescence were initially prepared by facile hydrothermal treatment of selenomethionine, followed by the covalent conjugation with TPP. The as-obtained TPP-Se-CDs showed high colloidal stability, strong scavenging abilities towards OH and O2-. Moreover, TPP-Se-CDs exhibited low cytotoxicity and mitochondria targeting ability. Taking advantages of these prominent features, TPP-Se-CDs have been successfully applied to combat H2O2 and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) induced oxidative stress in mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Huang
- College of Biological, Chemical Science and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, China
| | - Zhangfeng Shen
- College of Biological, Chemical Science and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, China
| | - Biyun Chen
- Nanhu College, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Zhejiang Sian International Hospital, Jiaxing 314031, China
| | - Qineng Xia
- College of Biological, Chemical Science and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, China
| | - Zhigang Ge
- College of Biological, Chemical Science and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, China
| | - Yangang Wang
- College of Biological, Chemical Science and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, China.
| | - Xi Li
- College of Biological, Chemical Science and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, China.
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35
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Pham XN, Pham DT, Ngo HS, Nguyen MB, Doan HV. Characterization and application of C–TiO2 doped cellulose acetate nanocomposite film for removal of Reactive Red-195. CHEM ENG COMMUN 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00986445.2020.1712375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Nui Pham
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanoi University of Mining and Geology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Duc Trong Pham
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanoi University of Mining and Geology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Ha Son Ngo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanoi University of Mining and Geology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Manh B. Nguyen
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
| | - Huan V. Doan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanoi University of Mining and Geology, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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36
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Wen M, Qin Z, Wang W, Cui J, Zhang R, Zhang Q, Li K, Li J, Yang W, Zhou Y. A solvent-governed surface state strategy for rational synthesis of N and S co-doped carbon dots with multicolour fluorescence. Mol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2019.1710609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Wen
- Department of Physics, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenxing Qin
- Department of Physics, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenhai Wang
- Department of Physics, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junchao Cui
- Department of Physics, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Physics, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qingmei Zhang
- Department of Physics, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kun Li
- Department of Physics, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinhong Li
- Department of Physics, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wen Yang
- Department of Physics, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Department of Physics, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan, People’s Republic of China
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37
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Omer KM, Idrees SA, Hassan AQ, Jamil LA. Amphiphilic fluorescent carbon nanodots as a selective nanoprobe for nitrite and tetracycline both in aqueous and organic solutions. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj00435a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The dispersibility of carbon dots in organic and/or aqueous solvents plays a critical role in various application fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid M. Omer
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Sulaimani
- Kurdistan Region
- Iraq
| | | | - Aso Q. Hassan
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Sulaimani
- Kurdistan Region
- Iraq
| | - Lazgin A. Jamil
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Zakho
- Kurdistan region
- Iraq
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38
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Chandrasekaran P, Arul V, Sethuraman MG. Ecofriendly Synthesis of Fluorescent Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Dots from Coccinia grandis and its Efficient Catalytic Application in the Reduction of Methyl Orange. J Fluoresc 2019; 30:103-112. [PMID: 31865492 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-019-02474-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Facile and fast hydrothermal process for the synthesis of nitrogen doped carbon dots (N-CDs) from Coccinia grandis (C. grandis) extract is discussed here. The morphology of prepared N-CDs was characterized by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) method. The optical properties of the prepared N-CDs were revealed by Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis) and photoluminescence spectroscopy. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopic techniques were employed to examine the crystallinity and graphitization of prepared N-CDs. The nitrogen doping was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The prepared nitrogen doped carbon dots released blue fluorescence at 405 nm beneath the excitation of 310 nm. The prepared N-CDs influenced the catalytic performance of NaBH4 in the reduction of methyl orange. The rate constant for the reduction of organic dye (methyl orange) by NaBH4 in the presence of the prepared green catalyst was also determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pitchai Chandrasekaran
- Department of Chemistry, The Gandhigram Rural Institute (Deemed to be University), Gandhigram, Dindigul District, Tamil Nadu, 624 302, India
| | - Velusamy Arul
- Department of Chemistry, The Gandhigram Rural Institute (Deemed to be University), Gandhigram, Dindigul District, Tamil Nadu, 624 302, India
| | - Mathur Gopalakrishnan Sethuraman
- Department of Chemistry, The Gandhigram Rural Institute (Deemed to be University), Gandhigram, Dindigul District, Tamil Nadu, 624 302, India.
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39
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Zhi B, Yao X, Cui Y, Orr G, Haynes CL. Synthesis, applications and potential photoluminescence mechanism of spectrally tunable carbon dots. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:20411-20428. [PMID: 31641702 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr05028k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Due to the prominent characteristics of carbon-based luminescent nanostructures (known colloquially as carbon dots), such as inexpensive precursors, excellent hydrophilicity, low toxicity, and intrinsic fluorescence, these nanomaterials are regarded as potential candidates to replace traditional quantum dots in some applications. As such, research in the field of carbon dots has been increasing in recent years. In this mini-review, we summarize recent progress in studies of multicolor carbon dots focusing on potential photoluminescence (PL) mechanisms, strategies for effective syntheses, and applications in ion/molecule and temperature sensing, light emitting diodes and high-resolution bioimaging techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota - Twin Cities, USA.
| | - XiaoXiao Yao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota - Twin Cities, USA.
| | - Yi Cui
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA
| | - Galya Orr
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA
| | - Christy L Haynes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota - Twin Cities, USA.
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40
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Fluorescent N/Al Co-Doped Carbon Dots from Cellulose Biomass for Sensitive Detection of Manganese (VII). J Fluoresc 2019; 29:1291-1300. [PMID: 31707509 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-019-02452-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Development of metallic and nonmetallic heteroatom doped carbon dots have gained attention due to their enhanced physicochemical and photoluminescence properties. In this study, a facile one pot hydrothermal carbonisation approach was taken to synthesise nitrogen, aluminum co-doped carbon dots (N/Al-CDs) with a photoluminescence quantum yield of 28.7%. Durian shell, a cellulose biomass waste, was used as the primary carbon source and compared to previously reported cellulose based carbon dots, this study presents one of the highest quantum yields. The structural and fluorescent properties of the synthesised N/Al-CDs were characterized through X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), fluorescence spectra, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The maximum emission was at 415 nm upon excitation at 345 nm. The synthesised N/Al-CDs were resistant to photobleaching and highly photostable within the pH, ionic strength and temperature variations investigated. The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images showed particles were quasi-spherical and well dispersed with an average diameter of 10.0 nm. Further, the N/Al-CDs was developed as a fluorescence sensor for highly selective and sensitive detection of Mn (VII) ions. A linear relationship was developed over a concentration range of 0-100 μM while the limit of detection was 46.8 nM. Application of the sensor for detection of Manganese (VII) to two real water samples showed relative standard deviation was less than 3.9% and 1.3%, respectively.
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41
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Duan Q, Wang X, Zhang B, Li Y, Zhang W, Zhang Y, Sang S. A fluorometric method for mercury(II) detection based on the use of pyrophosphate-modified carbon quantum dots. Mikrochim Acta 2019; 186:736. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-019-3872-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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42
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Wang W, Xu S, Li N, Huang Z, Su B, Chen X. Sulfur and phosphorus co-doped graphene quantum dots for fluorescent monitoring of nitrite in pickles. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2019; 221:117211. [PMID: 31158765 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2019.117211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Revised: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Doping graphene quantum dots (GQDs) with heteroatoms can change their band gap and electronic density, thus enhancing their fluorescence quantum yield (QY). In this work, we for the first time reported a nontoxic, rapid, and one-pot hydrothermal method to synthesize sulfur and phosphorus co-doped GQDs (S, P-GQDs). Citric acid was functioned as a carbon source, whereas sodium phytate and anhydrous sodium sulfate are used as the P and S sources, respectively, in this bottom-up synthesis. The resulting S, P-GQDs exhibit high heteroatomic doping ratios of 9.66 at.% for S and 3.34 at.% for P, and higher QY than those obtained from monoatomic doped GQDs. Additionally, the as-prepared S, P-GQDs exhibit excitation-dependent behavior, pH sensitivity between 8.0 and 13.0, high tolerance of ionic strength. More importantly, the as-synthesized S, P-GQDs show a sensitive and selective behavior for sensing nitrite (NO2-) in the concentration range of 0.7-9 μmol/L, and the detection limit was as low as 0.3 μmol/L. Additionally, the S, P-GQDs was successfully used in detecting NO2- in pickled foods, showing their promise for potential applications in realistic analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijie Wang
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Shifen Xu
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Ning Li
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Zhiyong Huang
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Bingyuan Su
- Xiamen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Xiaomei Chen
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China.
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43
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Yang P, Zhu Z, Zhang T, Zhang W, Chen W, Cao Y, Chen M, Zhou X. Orange-Emissive Carbon Quantum Dots: Toward Application in Wound pH Monitoring Based on Colorimetric and Fluorescent Changing. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2019; 15:e1902823. [PMID: 31518068 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201902823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Monitoring of wound pH is critical for interpreting wound status, because early identification of wound infection or nonhealing wounds is conducive to administion of therapies at the right time. Here, novel orange-emissive carbon quantum dots (O-CDs) are synthesized via microwave-assisted heating of 1,2,4-triaminobenzene and urea aqueous solution. The as-prepared O-CDs exhibit distinctive colorimetric response to pH changing, and also display pH-sensitive fluorescence. Benefiting from the response of O-CDs over a wound-relevant pH range (5-9), medical cotton cloth is selected to immobilize O-CDs through hydrogen bond interactions, the resultant O-CDs-coated cloth with emission at 560 nm shows a high response to pH variation in the range of 5-9 via both fluorescence and visible colorimetric changes. Moreover, the sensitivity of fluorescence to pH is capable of establishing an analytical mode for determining pH value. Further, the O-CDs-based pH indicator possesses not only superior biocompatibility and drug compatibility but also excellent resistance leachability and high reversibility. Importantly, the usage of O-CDs-coated cloth to detect pH is free from the interference of blood contamination and long-term storage, thus providing a valuable strategy for wound pH monitoring through visual response and quantitative determination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Yang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fast-Growing Tree and Agro-Fibre Materials Engineering Center, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Ziqi Zhu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fast-Growing Tree and Agro-Fibre Materials Engineering Center, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Tao Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fast-Growing Tree and Agro-Fibre Materials Engineering Center, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fast-Growing Tree and Agro-Fibre Materials Engineering Center, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Weimin Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fast-Growing Tree and Agro-Fibre Materials Engineering Center, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Yizhong Cao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fast-Growing Tree and Agro-Fibre Materials Engineering Center, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Minzhi Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fast-Growing Tree and Agro-Fibre Materials Engineering Center, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhou
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fast-Growing Tree and Agro-Fibre Materials Engineering Center, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu, P. R. China
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Comparative study of Cl,N-Cdots and N-Cdots and application for trinitrophenol and ClO - sensor and cell-imaging. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1091:76-87. [PMID: 31679577 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
To understand the effect of Cl doping in carbon dots, nitrogen-doped carbon dots (N-Cdots) and nitrogen and chlorine dual-doped carbon dots (Cl,N-Cdots) were fabricated by high-temperature carbonization and low-temperature concentrated acid (HCl) acidification of dried shaddock peel, respectively. The quantum yield of Cl,N-Cdots is about four times of that of N-Cdots and the size of Cl,N-Cdots is smaller than that of N-Cdots. Furthermore, since trinitrophenol (PA) and ClO- could effectively quench the fluorescence of Cl,N-Cdots, the fluorescence sensors for determining PA and ClO- was constructed, respectively. The linear range of PA and ClO- are 0.9-90 μM and 3.24-216 μM with the limit of detection of 37.1 nM and 2.88 μM, respectively. The proposed sensor was used to detect PA in Taiyuan tap water, Wutai tap water, Wutai rain water and Wutai river water samples with encouraging results. The as-constructed sensor was also used to detect ClO- in Taiyuan tap water and commercial disinfectants. Last but not least, Cl,N-Cdots was employed as an agent for A549 and HeLa cell-imaging, possessing optimal imaging effect and ultra-low cytotoxicity. Our results suggested that Cl,N-Cdots has promising applications in sensing, water monitoring, commodity supervision and cell-imaging.
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45
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Sun J, Chen N, Chen X, Zhang Q, Gao F. Two-Photon Fluorescent Nanoprobe for Glutathione Sensing and Imaging in Living Cells and Zebrafish Using a Semiconducting Polymer Dots Hybrid with Dopamine and β-Cyclodextrin. Anal Chem 2019; 91:12414-12421. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b03010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Junyong Sun
- Laboratory of Functionalized Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing, Laboratory of Biosensing and Bioimaging, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ningning Chen
- Laboratory of Functionalized Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing, Laboratory of Biosensing and Bioimaging, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xueli Chen
- Laboratory of Functionalized Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing, Laboratory of Biosensing and Bioimaging, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Laboratory of Functionalized Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing, Laboratory of Biosensing and Bioimaging, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Feng Gao
- Laboratory of Functionalized Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing, Laboratory of Biosensing and Bioimaging, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, People’s Republic of China
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Liu H, Ding J, Zhang K, Ding L. Construction of biomass carbon dots based fluorescence sensors and their applications in chemical and biological analysis. Trends Analyt Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2019.05.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Li J, Li P, Wang D, Dong C. One-pot synthesis of aqueous soluble and organic soluble carbon dots and their multi-functional applications. Talanta 2019; 202:375-383. [PMID: 31171198 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Two kinds of carbon dots (CDs) with different solubility, aqueous soluble CDs (ACDs) and organic soluble CDs (OCDs), were produced at the same time by one step hydrothermal synthesis method using sorbic acid and proline as carbon precursor and nitrogen dopant, respectively. The synthesized CDs were characterized by means of UV, fluorescence, TEM, elemental analysis, IR and XPS et al. Based on the effective and proportional fluorescence quenching by Cr(VI), ACDs were successfully used as a high sensitive and selective probe for Cr(VI) detection. Internal filtration effect (IFE) played an important role in the quenching process. Under the optimal conditions, linear response for Cr(Ⅵ) was observed in the range of 0.5-100 μmol/L, and the calculated detection limit was 34 nmol/L. The method has been satisfactorily applied to detect Cr(VI) ions in real water samples of our campus. Then, the ACDs were further applied for cell imaging in B16F10 cells. Furthermore, OCDs were well dispersed into PMMA to fabricate OCDs/PMMA composites as fluorescent films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfen Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China.
| | - Pengxia Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Dongxiu Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Chuan Dong
- Institute of Chemistry, Environmental-science and Engineering-study Center, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China.
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Du F, Shuang S, Guo Z, Gong X, Dong C, Xian M, Yang Z. Rapid synthesis of multifunctional carbon nanodots as effective antioxidants, antibacterial agents, and quercetin nanoprobes. Talanta 2019; 206:120243. [PMID: 31514864 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.120243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A facile and rapid synthesis of multifunctional carbon nanodots (CNDs) was developed by using the acid-base neutralization spontaneous heat with glucose as precursor, 1,2-ethylenediamine (EDA) and concentrated nitric acid as dual N-dopants. The CND has a tremendous antioxidant potency, which represents effective inhibitory concentrations of reactive oxygen species that are significantly lower than ascorbic acid. Furthermore, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assay revealed CNDs possessed significant antimicrobial activity for Gram-positive S. aureus and Gram-negative E. coli. Moreover, the CNDs are endowed with favorable fluorescence (FL) behaviors including the quantum yield (QY) of 14.2% and stable FL within a wide range of pH and high tolerance to external ionic strength, rendering them applicable in quercetin (QCT) detection as a FL nanoprobe. The CNDs were effectively quenched by QCT due to static quenching which takes place by the electrostatic interaction between basic groups of CNDs and QCT of 3-hydroxyl. This nanoprobe had profitable selectivity and sensitivity towards QCT with a linearity ranging from 1 μM to 47 μM and a low detection limit of 172.4 nM and were successfully performed for QCT detection in human serum and urine samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Du
- Institute of Environmental Science, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Shaomin Shuang
- Institute of Environmental Science, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Zhonghui Guo
- Institute of Environmental Science, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Xiaojuan Gong
- Institute of Environmental Science, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Chuan Dong
- Institute of Environmental Science, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China.
| | - Ming Xian
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA
| | - Zhenhua Yang
- Institute of Environmental Science, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
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Fluorescent carbon dots functionalization. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 270:165-190. [PMID: 31265929 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2019.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs), as a new type of luminescent zero-dimensional carbon nanomaterial, have been applied in a variety of fields. Currently, functionalization of CDs is an extremely useful method for effectively tuning their intrinsic structure and surface state. Heteroatom doping and surface modification are two functionalization strategies for improving the photophysical performance and broadening the range of applications for fluorescent CDs. Heteroatom doping in CDs can be used to tune their intrinsic properties, which has received significant research interests because of its simplicity. Surface modification can be applied for varying active sites and the functional groups on the CDs surface, which can endow fluorescent CDs with the unique properties resulting from functional ligand. In this review, we summarize the structural and physicochemical properties of functional CDs. We focused our review on the latest developments in functionalization strategies for CDs and discuss the detailed characteristics of different functionalization methods. Ultimately, we hope to inform researchers on the latest progress in functionalization of CDs and provide perspectives on future developments for functionalization of CDs and their potential applications.
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Zhang L, Wang H, Hu Q, Guo X, Li L, Shuang S, Gong X, Dong C. Carbon quantum dots doped with phosphorus and nitrogen are a viable fluorescent nanoprobe for determination and cellular imaging of vitamin B 12 and cobalt(II). Mikrochim Acta 2019; 186:506. [PMID: 31270632 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-019-3617-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Phosphorus and nitrogen dually-doped carbon quantum dots (PN-CQDs) were prepared from sucrose, 85% phosphoric acid and 1,2-ethylenediamine as the sources for carbon, phosphorus and nitrogen, respectively. The PN-CQDs possess good water solubility and favorable biocompatibility. The excitation/emission peaks are at 365/451 nm, but bright blue, green, or red emissions are found depending on whether the excitation wavelengths of the laser are set to 408 nm, 488 nm, or 543 nm, respectively. Fluorescence is quenched by both vitamin B12 (VB12) and Co(II) by a combination of inner filter effect and static quenching. The PN-CQDs are shown to be useful nanoprobes for determination of VB12 and Co(II). Response to VB12 is linear in the range of 2.0-31 μM. The response to Co(II) is linear in two ranges, viz. from 1.7-12 μM and from 28 to 141 μM. The limit of detection of VB12 and Co(II) are 3.0 nM and 29.4 nM, respectively. The nanoprobe was successfully applied to the analyses of VB12 in drug samples and of Co(II) in spiked water samples, and it gave satisfactory results. The nanoprobe was also applied to the determination of VB12 and Co(II) in human hepatocarcinoma cells (type SMMC7721), human pulmonary epithelial cells (type BEAS-2B), human adenocarcinoma cells (type A549), and human pheochromocytoma cells (type PC12), respectively. Graphical abstract Schematic presentation of the quenching of the fluorescence of phosphorus and nitrogen dually-doped carbon quantum dots (PN-CQDs) by vitamin B12 (VB12) and Co(II).
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Science, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiping Wang
- Institute of Environmental Science, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Hu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu, 225001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueqing Guo
- Institute of Environmental Science, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Chemical & Petroleum Engineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Shaomin Shuang
- Institute of Environmental Science, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojuan Gong
- Institute of Environmental Science, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chuan Dong
- Institute of Environmental Science, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, People's Republic of China.
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