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Hellmann A, Neusser G, Daboss S, Elnagar MM, Liessem J, Mitoraj D, Beranek R, Arbault S, Kranz C. Pt-Black-Modified (Hemi)spherical AFM Sensors: In Situ Imaging of Light-Driven Hydrogen Peroxide Evolution. Anal Chem 2024; 96:3308-3317. [PMID: 38354051 PMCID: PMC10902814 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c03957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
In this work, we present (hemi)spherical atomic force microscopy (AFM) sensors for the detection of hydrogen peroxide. Platinum-black (Pt-B) was electrodeposited onto conductive colloidal AFM probes or directly at recessed microelectrodes located at the end of a tipless cantilever, resulting in electrocatalytically active cantilever-based sensors that have a small geometric area but, due to the porosity of the films, exhibit a large electroactive surface area. Focused ion beam-scanning electron microscopy tomography revealed the porous 3D structure of the deposited Pt-B. Given the accurate positioning capability of AFM, these probes are suitable for local in situ sensing of hydrogen peroxide and at the same time can be used for (electrochemical) force spectroscopy measurements. Detection limits for hydrogen peroxide in the nanomolar range (LOD = 68 ± 7 nM) were obtained. Stability test and first in situ proof-of-principle experiments to achieve the electrochemical imaging of hydrogen peroxide generated at a microelectrode and at photocatalytically active structured poly(heptazine imide) films are demonstrated. Force spectroscopic data of the photocatalyst films were recorded in ambient conditions, in solution, and by applying a potential, which demonstrates the versatility of these novel Pt-B-modified spherical AFM probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Hellmann
- Institute
of Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Gregor Neusser
- Institute
of Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Sven Daboss
- Institute
of Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Mohamed M. Elnagar
- Institute
of Electrochemistry, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 47, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Johannes Liessem
- Institute
of Electrochemistry, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 47, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Dariusz Mitoraj
- Institute
of Electrochemistry, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 47, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Radim Beranek
- Institute
of Electrochemistry, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 47, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Stéphane Arbault
- Univ.
Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, UMR 5248, CBMN, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Christine Kranz
- Institute
of Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
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Konkena B, Kalapu C, Kaur H, Holzinger A, Geaney H, Nicolosi V, Scanlon MD, Coleman JN. Cobalt Oxide 2D Nanosheets Formed at a Polarized Liquid|Liquid Interface toward High-Performance Li-Ion and Na-Ion Battery Anodes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:58320-58332. [PMID: 38052006 PMCID: PMC10739576 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c11795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Cobalt oxide (Co3O4)-based nanostructures have the potential as low-cost materials for lithium-ion (Li-ion) and sodium-ion (Na-ion) battery anodes with a theoretical capacity of 890 mAh/g. Here, we demonstrate a novel method for the production of Co3O4 nanoplatelets. This involves the growth of flower-like cobalt oxyhydroxide (CoOOH) nanostructures at a polarized liquid|liquid interface, followed by conversion to flower-like Co3O4 via calcination. Finally, sonication is used to break up the flower-like Co3O4 nanostructures into two-dimensional (2D) nanoplatelets with lateral sizes of 20-100 nm. Nanoplatelets of Co3O4 can be easily mixed with carbon nanotubes to create nanocomposite anodes, which can be used for Li-ion and Na-ion battery anodes without any additional binder or conductive additive. The resultant electrodes display impressive low-rate capacities (at 125 mA/g) of 1108 and 1083 mAh/g, for Li-ion and Na-ion anodes, respectively, and stable cycling ability over >200 cycles. Detailed quantitative rate analysis clearly shows that Li-ion-storing anodes charge roughly five times faster than Na-ion-storing anodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharathi Konkena
- School
of Physics, CRANN & AMBER Research Centres, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin
D2 D02 K8N4, Ireland
| | - Chakrapani Kalapu
- Micro
Nano Systems Department, Tyndall National
Institute, Cork T12 R5CP, Ireland
| | - Harneet Kaur
- School
of Physics, CRANN & AMBER Research Centres, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin
D2 D02 K8N4, Ireland
| | - Angelika Holzinger
- The
Bernal Institute and Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland
| | - Hugh Geaney
- The
Bernal Institute and Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland
| | - Valeria Nicolosi
- School
of Chemistry, CRANN & AMBER Research Centres, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin
D2 D02 W9K7, Ireland
| | - Micheál D. Scanlon
- The
Bernal Institute and Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland
| | - Jonathan N. Coleman
- School
of Physics, CRANN & AMBER Research Centres, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin
D2 D02 K8N4, Ireland
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3
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Opallo MW, Dusilo K, Warczak M, Kalisz J. Hydrogen Evolution, Oxygen Evolution and Oxygen Reduction at Polarizable Liquid|Liquid Interfaces. ChemElectroChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202200513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Wojciech Opallo
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences Department of Electrode Processes Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warszawa POLAND
| | - Katarzyna Dusilo
- Institute of Physical Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences Library: Instytut Chemii Fizycznej Polskiej Akademii Nauk Biblioteka Electrode Processes POLAND
| | - Magdalena Warczak
- Institute of Physical Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences Library: Instytut Chemii Fizycznej Polskiej Akademii Nauk Biblioteka Electrode Processes POLAND
| | - Justyna Kalisz
- University of Warsaw: Uniwersytet Warszawski Chemistry POLAND
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Jetmore HD, Milton CB, Anupriya ES, Chen R, Xu K, Shen M. Detection of Acetylcholine at Nanoscale NPOE/Water Liquid/Liquid Interface Electrodes. Anal Chem 2021; 93:16535-16542. [PMID: 34846864 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c03711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The interface between two immiscible electrolyte solutions (ITIES) has become a very powerful analytical platform for sensing a diverse range of chemicals (e.g., metal ions and neurotransmitters) with the advantage of being able to detect non-redox electroactive species. The ITIES is formed between organic and aqueous phases. Organic solvent identity is crucial to the detection characteristics of the ITIES [half-wave transfer potential (E1/2), potential window range, limit of detection, transfer coefficient (α), standard heterogeneous ion-transfer rate constant (k0), etc.]. Here, we demonstrated, for the first time at the nanoscale, the detection characteristics of the NPOE/water ITIES. Linear detection of the diffusion-limited current at different concentrations of acetylcholine (ACh) was demonstrated with cyclic voltammetry (CV) and i-t amperometry. The E1/2 of ACh transfer at the NPOE/water nanoITIES was -0.342 ± 0.009 V versus the E1/2 of tetrabutylammonium (TBA+). The limit of detection of ACh at the NPOE/water nanoITIES was 37.1 ± 1.5 μM for an electrode with a radius of ∼127 nm. We also determined the ion-transfer kinetics parameters, α and k0, of TBA+ at the NPOE/water nanoITIES by fitting theoretical cyclic voltammograms to experimental voltammograms. This work lays the basis for future cellular studies using ACh detection at the nanoscale and for studies to detect other analytes. The NPOE/water ITIES offers a potential window distinct from that of the 1,2-dichloroethane (DCE)/water ITIES. This unique potential window would offer the ability to detect analytes that are not easily detected at the DCE/water ITIES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry D Jetmore
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Conrad B Milton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | | | - Ran Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Kerui Xu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Mei Shen
- The Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.,Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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Kumar S, Satpati AK. Investigation of interfacial charge transfer kinetics of photocharged Co-Bi modified BiVO4 using scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM). Electrochim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2020.137565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Kranz C, Wächtler M. Characterizing photocatalysts for water splitting: from atoms to bulk and from slow to ultrafast processes. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:1407-1437. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00526f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
This review provides a comprehensive overview on characterisation techniques for light-driven redox-catalysts highlighting spectroscopic, microscopic, electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Kranz
- Ulm University
- Institute of Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry
- 89081 Ulm
- Germany
| | - Maria Wächtler
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology
- Department Functional Interfaces
- 07745 Jena
- Germany
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena
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9
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Ge P, Hojeij M, Scanlon MD, Girault HH. Photo-recycling the Sacrificial Electron Donor: Towards Sustainable Hydrogen Evolution in a Biphasic System. Chemphyschem 2020; 21:2630-2633. [PMID: 33166015 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202000844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
H2 may be evolved biphasically using a polarised liquid|liquid interface, acting as a "proton pump", in combination with organic soluble metallocenes as electron donors. Sustainable H2 production requires methodologies to recycle the oxidised donor. Herein, the photo-recycling of decamethylferrocenium cations (DcMFc+ ) using aqueous core-shell semiconductor CdSe@CdS nanoparticles is presented. Negative polarisation of the liquid|liquid interface is required to extract DcMFc+ to the aqueous phase. This facilitates the efficient capture of electrons by DcMFc+ on the surface of the photo-excited CdSe@CdS nanoparticles, with hydrophobic DcMFc subsequently partitioning back to the organic phase and resetting the system. TiO2 (P25) and CdSe semiconductor nanoparticles failed to recycle DcMFc+ due to their lower conduction band energy levels. During photo-recycling, CdS (on CdSe) may be self-oxidised and photo-corrode, instead of water acting as the hole scavenger.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyu Ge
- Laboratoire d'Électrochimie Physique et Analytique, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL, Valais Wallis, Rue de l'industrie, 17, 1950, SION, Switzerland
| | - Mohamad Hojeij
- Laboratoire d'Électrochimie Physique et Analytique, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL, Valais Wallis, Rue de l'industrie, 17, 1950, SION, Switzerland
| | - Micheál D Scanlon
- The Bernal Institute and Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Limerick (UL), Limerick, V94 T9PX, Ireland.,Marine and Renewable Energy Ireland (MaREI) centre, Beaufort Building, Environmental Research Institute Co. Cork (Ireland)
| | - Hubert H Girault
- Laboratoire d'Électrochimie Physique et Analytique, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL, Valais Wallis, Rue de l'industrie, 17, 1950, SION, Switzerland
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10
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Chen R, Xu K, Shen M. Avocado oil, coconut oil, walnut oil as true oil phase for ion transfer at nanoscale liquid/liquid interfaces. Electrochim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2020.136788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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11
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Rastgar S, Teixeira Santos K, Angelucci CA, Wittstock G. Catalytic Activity of Alkali Metal Cations for the Chemical Oxygen Reduction Reaction in a Biphasic Liquid System Probed by Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy. Chemistry 2020; 26:10882-10890. [PMID: 32460434 PMCID: PMC7496973 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Chemical reduction of dioxygen in organic solvents for the production of reactive oxygen species or the concomitant oxidation of organic substrates can be enhanced by the separation of products and educts in biphasic liquid systems. Here, the coupled electron and ion transfer processes is studied as well as reagent fluxes across the liquid|liquid interface for the chemical reduction of dioxygen by decamethylferrocene (DMFc) in a dichloroethane-based organic electrolyte forming an interface with an aqueous electrolyte containing alkali metal ions. This interface is stabilized at the orifice of a pipette, across which a Galvani potential difference is externally applied and precisely adjusted to enforce the transfer of different alkali metal ions from the aqueous to the organic electrolyte. The oxygen reduction is followed by H2 O2 detection in the aqueous phase close to the interface by a microelectrode of a scanning electrochemical microscope (SECM). The results prove a strong catalytic effect of hydrated alkali metal ions on the formation rate of H2 O2 , which varies systematically with the acidity of the transferred alkali metal ions in the organic phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shokoufeh Rastgar
- Carl von Ossietzky University of OldenburgChemistry Department261111OldenburgGermany
| | - Keyla Teixeira Santos
- Carl von Ossietzky University of OldenburgChemistry Department261111OldenburgGermany
- Federal University of ABCCenter for Natural and Human SciencesAv. dos Estados 500109210-580Santo André/SPBrazil
| | - Camilo Andrea Angelucci
- Federal University of ABCCenter for Natural and Human SciencesAv. dos Estados 500109210-580Santo André/SPBrazil
| | - Gunther Wittstock
- Carl von Ossietzky University of OldenburgChemistry Department261111OldenburgGermany
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Chen R, Yang A, Chang A, Oweimrin PF, Romero J, Vichitcharoenpaisarn P, Tapia S, Ha K, Villaflor C, Shen M. A Newly Synthesized Tris(crown ether) Ionophore for Assisted Ion Transfer at NanoITIES Electrodes. ChemElectroChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201901997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ran Chen
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 600 South Mathews Avenue Urbana Illinois 61801
| | - Anna Yang
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 600 South Mathews Avenue Urbana Illinois 61801
| | - Albert Chang
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 600 South Mathews Avenue Urbana Illinois 61801
| | - Philip F. Oweimrin
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 600 South Mathews Avenue Urbana Illinois 61801
| | - Julian Romero
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 600 South Mathews Avenue Urbana Illinois 61801
| | | | - Stephanie Tapia
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 600 South Mathews Avenue Urbana Illinois 61801
| | - Kevin Ha
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 600 South Mathews Avenue Urbana Illinois 61801
| | - Christopher Villaflor
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 600 South Mathews Avenue Urbana Illinois 61801
| | - Mei Shen
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 600 South Mathews Avenue Urbana Illinois 61801
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Nieminen E, Kazimova N, Murtomäki L. Probing TCNQ‐mediated Metal Reduction Reactions at Liquid‐liquid Interface with SECM. ELECTROANAL 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201900571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eemi Nieminen
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science Aalto University P.O. Box 16100 FI-00076 Aalto Finland
| | - Nargiz Kazimova
- University of Tartu Institute of Chemistry Ravila 14a 50411 Tartu Estonia
| | - Lasse Murtomäki
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science Aalto University P.O. Box 16100 FI-00076 Aalto Finland
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Rivier L, Peljo P, Maye S, Méndez MA, Vrubel H, Vannay LAC, Corminboeuf C, Scanlon MD, Girault HH. Mechanistic Study on the Photogeneration of Hydrogen by Decamethylruthenocene. Chemistry 2019; 25:12769-12779. [PMID: 31287914 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201902353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Detailed studies on hydrogen evolution by decamethylruthenocene ([Cp*2 RuII ]) highlighted that metallocenes are capable of photoreducing hydrogen without the need for an additional sensitizer. Electrochemical, gas chromatographic, and spectroscopic (UV/Vis, 1 H and 13 C NMR) measurements corroborated by DFT calculations indicated that the production of hydrogen occurs by a two-step process. First, decamethylruthenocene hydride [Cp*2 RuIV (H)]+ is formed in the presence of an organic acid. Subsequently, [Cp*2 RuIV (H)]+ is reversibly reduced in a heterolytic reaction with one-photon excitation leading to a first release of hydrogen. Thereafter, the resultant decamethylruthenocenium ion [Cp*2 RuIII ]+ is further reduced with a second release of hydrogen by deprotonation of a methyl group of [Cp*2 RuIII ]+ . Experimental and computational data show spontaneous conversion of [Cp*2 RuII ] to [Cp*2 RuIV (H)]+ in the presence of protons. Calculations highlight that the first reduction is endergonic (ΔG0 =108 kJ mol-1 ) and needs an input of energy by light for the reaction to occur. The hydricity of the methyl protons of [Cp*2 RuII ] was also considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Rivier
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Physique et Analytique (LEPA), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL Valais Wallis), Rue de l'Industrie, 17, 1951, Sion, Switzerland
| | - Pekka Peljo
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Physique et Analytique (LEPA), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL Valais Wallis), Rue de l'Industrie, 17, 1951, Sion, Switzerland.,Research group of Physical Electrochemistry and Electrochemical Physics, Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, Aalto University, PO Box 16100, 00076, Aalto, Finland
| | - Sunny Maye
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Physique et Analytique (LEPA), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL Valais Wallis), Rue de l'Industrie, 17, 1951, Sion, Switzerland
| | - Manuel A Méndez
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Physique et Analytique (LEPA), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL Valais Wallis), Rue de l'Industrie, 17, 1951, Sion, Switzerland
| | - Heron Vrubel
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Physique et Analytique (LEPA), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL Valais Wallis), Rue de l'Industrie, 17, 1951, Sion, Switzerland
| | - Laurent A C Vannay
- Laboratory of Computational Molecular Design, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Route Cantonale 33, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Clémence Corminboeuf
- Laboratory of Computational Molecular Design, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Route Cantonale 33, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Micheál D Scanlon
- The Bernal Institute and Department of Chemical Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, University of Limerick (UL), Limerick, V94 T9PX, Ireland.,Centre for Marine and Renewable Energy (MaREI), Ireland
| | - Hubert H Girault
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Physique et Analytique (LEPA), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL Valais Wallis), Rue de l'Industrie, 17, 1951, Sion, Switzerland
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Scanlon MD, Smirnov E, Stockmann TJ, Peljo P. Gold Nanofilms at Liquid–Liquid Interfaces: An Emerging Platform for Redox Electrocatalysis, Nanoplasmonic Sensors, and Electrovariable Optics. Chem Rev 2018; 118:3722-3751. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Micheál D. Scanlon
- The Bernal Institute and Department of Chemical Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, University of Limerick (UL), Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland
| | - Evgeny Smirnov
- Laboratoire d’Electrochimie Physique et Analytique (LEPA), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Rue de l’Industrie 17, CH-1951 Sion, Switzerland
| | - T. Jane Stockmann
- Interfaces, Traitements, Organisation et Dynamique des Systèmes, CNRS-UMR 7086, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris Diderot University, 15 Rue J.A. Baïf, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Pekka Peljo
- Laboratoire d’Electrochimie Physique et Analytique (LEPA), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Rue de l’Industrie 17, CH-1951 Sion, Switzerland
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Scanlon MD, Peljo P, Rivier L, Vrubel H, Girault HH. Mediated water electrolysis in biphasic systems. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:22700-22710. [PMID: 28820214 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp04601d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The concept of efficient electrolysis by linking photoelectrochemical biphasic H2 evolution and water oxidation processes in the cathodic and anodic compartments of an H-cell, respectively, is introduced. Overpotentials at the cathode and anode are minimised by incorporating light-driven elements into both biphasic reactions. The concepts viability is demonstrated by electrochemical H2 production from water splitting utilising a polarised water-organic interface in the cathodic compartment of a prototype H-cell. At the cathode the reduction of decamethylferrocenium cations ([Cp2*Fe(III)]+) to neutral decamethylferrocene (Cp2*Fe(II)) in 1,2-dichloroethane (DCE) solvent takes place at the solid electrode/oil interface. This electron transfer process induces the ion transfer of a proton across the immiscible water/oil interface to maintain electroneutrality in the oil phase. The oil-solubilised proton immediately reacts with Cp2*Fe(II) to form the corresponding hydride species, [Cp2*Fe(IV)(H)]+. Subsequently, [Cp2*Fe(IV)(H)]+ spontaneously undergoes a chemical reaction in the oil phase to evolve hydrogen gas (H2) and regenerate [Cp2*Fe(III)]+, whereupon this catalytic Electrochemical, Chemical, Chemical (ECC') cycle is repeated. During biphasic electrolysis, the stability and recyclability of the [Cp2*Fe(III)]+/Cp2*Fe(II) redox couple were confirmed by chronoamperometric measurements and, furthermore, the steady-state concentration of [Cp2*Fe(III)]+ monitored in situ by UV/vis spectroscopy. Post-biphasic electrolysis, the presence of H2 in the headspace of the cathodic compartment was established by sampling with gas chromatography. The rate of the biphasic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) was enhanced by redox electrocatalysis in the presence of floating catalytic molybdenum carbide (Mo2C) microparticles at the immiscible water/oil interface. The use of a superhydrophobic organic electrolyte salt was critical to ensure proton transfer from water to oil, and not anion transfer from oil to water, in order to maintain electroneutrality after electron transfer. The design, testing and successful optimisation of the operation of the biphasic electrolysis cell under dark conditions with Cp2*Fe(II) lays the foundation for the achievement of photo-induced biphasic water electrolysis at low overpotentials using another metallocene, decamethylrutheneocene (Cp2*Ru(II)). Critically, Cp2*Ru(II) may be recycled at a potential more positive than that of proton reduction in DCE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micheál D Scanlon
- The Bernal Institute and Department of Chemical Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, University of Limerick (UL), Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland.
| | - Pekka Peljo
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Physique et Analytique (LEPA), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Rue de l'Industrie 17, CH-1951 Sion, Switzerland.
| | - Lucie Rivier
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Physique et Analytique (LEPA), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Rue de l'Industrie 17, CH-1951 Sion, Switzerland.
| | - Heron Vrubel
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Physique et Analytique (LEPA), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Rue de l'Industrie 17, CH-1951 Sion, Switzerland.
| | - Hubert H Girault
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Physique et Analytique (LEPA), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Rue de l'Industrie 17, CH-1951 Sion, Switzerland.
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Peljo P, Scanlon MD, Olaya AJ, Rivier L, Smirnov E, Girault HH. Redox Electrocatalysis of Floating Nanoparticles: Determining Electrocatalytic Properties without the Influence of Solid Supports. J Phys Chem Lett 2017; 8:3564-3575. [PMID: 28707892 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.7b00685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Redox electrocatalysis (catalysis of electron-transfer reactions by floating conductive particles) is discussed from the point-of-view of Fermi level equilibration, and an overall theoretical framework is given. Examples of redox electrocatalysis in solution, in bipolar configuration, and at liquid-liquid interfaces are provided, highlighting that bipolar and liquid-liquid interfacial systems allow the study of the electrocatalytic properties of particles without effects from the support, but only liquid-liquid interfaces allow measurement of the electrocatalytic current directly. Additionally, photoinduced redox electrocatalysis will be of interest, for example, to achieve water splitting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pekka Peljo
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Physique et Analytique (LEPA), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , Rue de l'Industrie 17, CH-1951 Sion, Switzerland
| | - Micheál D Scanlon
- Bernal Institute and Department of Chemical Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, University of Limerick (UL) , Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland
| | - Astrid J Olaya
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Physique et Analytique (LEPA), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , Rue de l'Industrie 17, CH-1951 Sion, Switzerland
| | - Lucie Rivier
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Physique et Analytique (LEPA), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , Rue de l'Industrie 17, CH-1951 Sion, Switzerland
| | - Evgeny Smirnov
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Physique et Analytique (LEPA), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , Rue de l'Industrie 17, CH-1951 Sion, Switzerland
| | - Hubert H Girault
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Physique et Analytique (LEPA), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , Rue de l'Industrie 17, CH-1951 Sion, Switzerland
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Rivier L, Peljo P, Vannay LAC, Gschwend GC, Méndez MA, Corminboeuf C, Scanlon MD, Girault HH. Photoproduction of Hydrogen by Decamethylruthenocene Combined with Electrochemical Recycling. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:2324-2327. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201610240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Revised: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Rivier
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Physique et Analytique (LEPA); École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL Valais Wallis); Rue de l'Industrie, 17 1951 Sion Switzerland
| | - Pekka Peljo
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Physique et Analytique (LEPA); École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL Valais Wallis); Rue de l'Industrie, 17 1951 Sion Switzerland
| | - Laurent A. C. Vannay
- Laboratory for Computational Molecular Design; École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL); Route Cantonal, 33 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Grégoire C. Gschwend
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Physique et Analytique (LEPA); École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL Valais Wallis); Rue de l'Industrie, 17 1951 Sion Switzerland
| | - Manuel A. Méndez
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Physique et Analytique (LEPA); École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL Valais Wallis); Rue de l'Industrie, 17 1951 Sion Switzerland
| | - Clémence Corminboeuf
- Laboratory for Computational Molecular Design; École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL); Route Cantonal, 33 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Micheál D. Scanlon
- Department of Chemistry, the Tyndall National Institute and the Analytical and Biological Research Facility (ABCRF); University College Cork; Cork Ireland
| | - Hubert H. Girault
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Physique et Analytique (LEPA); École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL Valais Wallis); Rue de l'Industrie, 17 1951 Sion Switzerland
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Rivier L, Peljo P, Vannay LAC, Gschwend GC, Méndez MA, Corminboeuf C, Scanlon MD, Girault HH. Photoproduction of Hydrogen by Decamethylruthenocene Combined with Electrochemical Recycling. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201610240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Rivier
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Physique et Analytique (LEPA); École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL Valais Wallis); Rue de l'Industrie, 17 1951 Sion Switzerland
| | - Pekka Peljo
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Physique et Analytique (LEPA); École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL Valais Wallis); Rue de l'Industrie, 17 1951 Sion Switzerland
| | - Laurent A. C. Vannay
- Laboratory for Computational Molecular Design; École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL); Route Cantonal, 33 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Grégoire C. Gschwend
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Physique et Analytique (LEPA); École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL Valais Wallis); Rue de l'Industrie, 17 1951 Sion Switzerland
| | - Manuel A. Méndez
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Physique et Analytique (LEPA); École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL Valais Wallis); Rue de l'Industrie, 17 1951 Sion Switzerland
| | - Clémence Corminboeuf
- Laboratory for Computational Molecular Design; École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL); Route Cantonal, 33 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Micheál D. Scanlon
- Department of Chemistry, the Tyndall National Institute and the Analytical and Biological Research Facility (ABCRF); University College Cork; Cork Ireland
| | - Hubert H. Girault
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Physique et Analytique (LEPA); École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL Valais Wallis); Rue de l'Industrie, 17 1951 Sion Switzerland
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