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Hou N, Fang XH. Influence of Alkali Metal Doping and BN Substitution on the Second-Order Nonlinear Optical Properties of Graphyne: A Theoretical Perspective. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:10756-10767. [PMID: 35794725 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c00970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The electronic and nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of BN-substituted graphynes and the corresponding alkali-doped hybrid systems have been determined using density functional theory. When the carbon atoms in the graphyne are replaced by BN pairs, the highest occupied molecular orbital-lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (HOMO-LUMO) gap (Egap) increases to some extent, and the static first hyperpolarizabilities (β0) of the novel systems hardly increase. However, when an alkali atom is introduced on the surface of BN-substituted graphyne, the doping effect can effectively modulate the electronic and NLO properties. Doping the alkali atom can significantly narrow the wide Egap of BN-substituted graphynes in the range of 1.03-2.03 eV. Furthermore, the doping effect brings considerable β0 values to these alkali-doped systems, which are 52-3609 au for Li-doped systems and 3258-211 053 au for Na/K-doped ones. The result reveals that the β0 values of alkali-doped complexes are influenced by the atomic number of alkali metals and the proportion of BN pairs. The nature of the excellent NLO responses of alkali-doped complexes can be understood by the low excitation energy of the crucial excited state and the analysis of the first hyperpolarizability density. Besides, these alkali-doped complexes have a deep-ultraviolet working region. Therefore, the combined effect of alkali metal doping and BN substitution can be an excellent strategy to design novel high-performance NLO materials based on graphyne.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Hou
- Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Material Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030031, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Fang
- Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Material Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030031, China
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Hatua K, Das HS, Mondal A, Nandi PK. Electronic second hyperpolarizability of alkaline earth metal chains end capped with −NH2 and –CN. J INDIAN CHEM SOC 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jics.2021.100234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Pal R, Poddar A, Chattaraj PK. Atomic Clusters: Structure, Reactivity, Bonding, and Dynamics. Front Chem 2021; 9:730548. [PMID: 34485247 PMCID: PMC8415529 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.730548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Atomic clusters lie somewhere in between isolated atoms and extended solids with distinctly different reactivity patterns. They are known to be useful as catalysts facilitating several reactions of industrial importance. Various machine learning based techniques have been adopted in generating their global minimum energy structures. Bond-stretch isomerism, aromatic stabilization, Rener-Teller effect, improved superhalogen/superalkali properties, and electride characteristics are some of the hallmarks of these clusters. Different all-metal and nonmetal clusters exhibit a variety of aromatic characteristics. Some of these clusters are dynamically stable as exemplified through their fluxional behavior. Several of these cluster cavitands are found to be agents for effective confinement. The confined media cause drastic changes in bonding, reactivity, and other properties, for example, bonding between two noble gas atoms, and remarkable acceleration in the rate of a chemical reaction under confinement. They have potential to be good hydrogen storage materials and also to activate small molecules for various purposes. Many atomic clusters show exceptional opto-electronic, magnetic, and nonlinear optical properties. In this Review article, we intend to highlight all these aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranita Pal
- Advanced Technology Development Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
| | - Arpita Poddar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
| | - Pratim Kumar Chattaraj
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
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Xia B, Zhang H, Liao Z, Wu JF, Hu Y, Shakouri M, Gao D, Xue D. Cr cation-anchored carbon nanosheets: synthesis, paramagnetism and ferromagnetism. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 32:335706. [PMID: 33984845 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac00df] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Since the successfully synthesis of monolayer graphene, carbon-based materials have attracted wide and extensive attentions from researches. Due to the excellent transport capacity and conductivity, they are promising to be applied in electronic devices, even substituting the silicon-based electronic devices, optoelectronics and spintronics. Nevertheless, due to the non magnetic feature, many efforts have been devoted to endow carbon materials magnetism to apply them in the spintronic devices fabrication. Herein, a strategy of Cr cation solely anchored on two-dimensional carbon nanosheets by Cr-N bonds is developed, which introduces magnetism in carbon nanosheets. By extended x-ray absorption fine structure characterization, Cr cations are demonstrated to be atomically dispersed with Cr-N3coordination. And after Cr-N3anchored, carbon nanosheets exhibit ferromagnetic features with paramagnetic background. The magnetization varies with Cr content and reaches the maximum (Cr: 2.0%, 0.86 emu g-1) under 3 T at 50 K. The x-ray magnetic circular dichroism and first-principle calculations indicate that the magnetism is caused by the Cr3+component of the anchored Cr cations. This study sets a single cation anchoring carbon as a suitable candidate for future spintronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baorui Xia
- Key Laboratory for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of MOE, Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design of MOE, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyi Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of MOE, Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design of MOE, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongxin Liao
- Key Laboratory for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of MOE, Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design of MOE, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Feng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry; Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongfeng Hu
- Canadian Light Source Inc. University of Saskatchewan; Saskatoon; Saskatchewan, S7N2V3, Canada
| | - Mohsen Shakouri
- Canadian Light Source Inc. University of Saskatchewan; Saskatoon; Saskatchewan, S7N2V3, Canada
| | - Daqiang Gao
- Key Laboratory for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of MOE, Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design of MOE, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Desheng Xue
- Key Laboratory for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of MOE, Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design of MOE, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
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Roy RS, Ghosh S, Hatua K, Nandi PK. Superalkali-doped borazine and lithiated borazine complexes: diffuse excess electron and large first-hyperpolarizability. J Mol Model 2021; 27:74. [PMID: 33547503 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-021-04688-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A number of superalkali (M3O / M3S; M = Li, Na, K)-doped borazine and hexalithio borazine complexes are considered for the theoretical study of their electronic structure and quadratic polarizability. Electron-rich O/S atom of superalkali species remains very close to one boron atom of the ring through non-covalent interaction. The first-hyperpolarizability increases rather significantly upon superalkali doping. The chosen complexes possess diffuse excess electron which is located on the superpalkali moiety of borazine complexes and at the ring site of lithiated borazines. First-hyperpolarizability of M3O(S)@B3N3Li6 complexes are significantly larger than that of the corresponding M3O(S)@B3N3H6 complexes. The magnitude of first-hyperpolarizability of Li3S@B3N3Li6 is larger than that of Li3S@B3N3H6 by about three orders of magnitude.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ria Sinha Roy
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah, 711 103, India
| | - Subhadip Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah, 711 103, India
| | - Kaushik Hatua
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah, 711 103, India
| | - Prasanta K Nandi
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah, 711 103, India.
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Kosar N, Ayub K, Mahmood T. Surface functionalization of twisted graphene C 32H 15 and C 104H 52 derivatives with alkalis and superalkalis for NLO response; a DFT study. J Mol Graph Model 2020; 102:107794. [PMID: 33212383 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2020.107794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we present the detailed comparative study on geometric, electronic, optical and non-linear optical response of alkalis and superalkalis doped twisted graphene. The results illustrate that alkali metals and superalkalis interact with the central ring of the twisted graphene through non-covalent interactions which demonstrate the stability of the resultant complexes. NBO charges indicate the transfer of electrons from dopant (alkali metal atoms and superalkalis) towards twisted graphene sheet. Superalkalis doped twisted graphene complexes exhibit higher first hyperpolarizability values compared to alkali metals analogues. Among superalkalis doped complexes, K3O@C104H52 shows the highest βo value of 1.68 × 105 au. In frequency dependent first hyperpolarizability analysis, strong second harmonic generation (SHG) response of K3O@C32H15 complex is observed at both selected resonance frequency values (532 nm and1064 nm) whereas EOPE value of K3O@C32H15 complex shows higher induced response at 1064 nm wavelength. The static hyperpolarizability (βo) further increases under the influence of applied electric field. Among all complexes, Li3O@C32H15 graphene complex has the highest βo value (1.40 × 105 au) under applied electric field along x axis when sheet is in y-z plane. This analysis will be an important guideline for future studies on twisted graphene based NLO materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveen Kosar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Management and Technology (UMT), C11, Johar Town Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Khurshid Ayub
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan
| | - Tariq Mahmood
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan.
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Sun WM, Wu D. Recent Progress on the Design, Characterization, and Application of Superalkalis. Chemistry 2019; 25:9568-9579. [PMID: 31025432 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201901460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Superalkalis are clusters or molecules featuring lower ionization energies (IEs) than that of cesium atoms, and thus exhibit excellent reducing properties. Such special species have great potential to be used in the synthesis of unusual charge-transfer salts and cluster-assembled nanomaterials with tailored properties, in the reduction of carbon dioxide, or as hydrogen storage materials and noble-gas-trapping agents, etc. In this regard, ongoing efforts have been devoted to designing and characterizing superalkalis of new types. The recent progress on the study of superalkalis in terms of theoretical design, characterization, and potential application is summarized in this minireview. We hope this review will not only provide a broad overview of this research field, but also highlight the prospect of further extending the experimental synthesis and practical application of superalkalis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ming Sun
- Department of Basic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350108, P. R. China
| | - Di Wu
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130023, P. R. China
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Roy RS, Nandi PK. Electronic structure and large second-order non-linear optical property of COT derivatives - a theoretical exploration. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:18744-18755. [PMID: 29961775 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp00163d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
A new strategy to design new molecules based on a fused hydrocarbon ring system comprising a COT ring and two 5-membered rings has been proposed for the study of second order NLO properties. The four charge transferring groups -NR2 (R = H, Li, Na and K) in conjunction with a sufficient number of electron withdrawing groups lead to significant variation of structural parameters and polarity. The charge transfer characteristics can be strongly modulated by introducing calcium metal atoms at suitable sites. Ca metal atoms end-capping the nitrogen ends of two adjacent -CN groups lead to electride character while a Ca metal atom bonded directly to the COT ring leads to greater charge transfer. The size of the alkali metal atom has been found to have a dramatic effect on the enhancement of first hyperpolarizability. The most significant electronic asymmetry induced by the larger potassium metal atom strongly enhances the magnitude of first hyperpolarizability. The variation of first hyperpolarizability has been satisfactorily explained in terms of TD-CAMB3LYP calculated spectroscopic parameters in light of the two-state model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ria Sinha Roy
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah 711 103, India.
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Chakraborty D, Chattaraj PK. Host-guest interactions between octa acid and cations/nucleobases. J Comput Chem 2018; 39:161-175. [PMID: 29105789 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.25097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Revised: 10/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The nature of host-guest interaction in between octa acid cavitand (OA) and some representative cationic guests (Li+ , Na+ , K+ , Be+2 , Mg+2 , Ca+2 , Li3 O+ , Na3 O+ , K3 O+ ) as well as heterocyclic moieties like [adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), thymine (T), uracil (U), and tetrathiafulvalene (TTF)] has been examined with the aid of density functional theory (DFT)-based computations. Thermochemical results indicate that all the guests bind with OA in a thermodynamically favorable fashion at 298.15 K temperature and one atmospheric pressure. OA exhibits high selectivity in binding the lighter cations/metal cluster cations as compared to the heavier congeners along each given series. Moreover, OA exhibits enhanced affinity as well as selectivity in binding A/G/TTF molecules as compared to C/T/U. Noncovalent interaction and energy decomposition analyses reveal that in addition to the van der Waals interaction, significant contribution from electrostatic as well as orbital interactions dictate the outcome in all the host-guest complexes. Time dependent DFT calculations have been carried out to assess the role of the guests in tuning the electronic properties as well as absorption spectrum of OA. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debdutta Chakraborty
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Theoretical Studies, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721302, India
| | - Pratim Kumar Chattaraj
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Theoretical Studies, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721302, India
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Chakraborty D, Chattaraj PK. Reactions involving some gas molecules through sequestration on Al12
Be cluster: An electron density based study. J Comput Chem 2017; 39:535-545. [PMID: 29094387 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.25092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Revised: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Debdutta Chakraborty
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Theoretical Studies; Indian Institute of Technology; Kharagpur West Bengal 721302 India
| | - Pratim Kumar Chattaraj
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Theoretical Studies; Indian Institute of Technology; Kharagpur West Bengal 721302 India
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Esrafili MD, Saeidi N, Dinparast L. A DFT study on catalytic epoxidation of ethylene over Ti-doped graphene nanoflake in the presence of NO molecules. Chem Phys Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2017.09.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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12
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Chakraborty D, Chattaraj PK. Effect of functionalization of boron nitride flakes by main group metal clusters on their optoelectronic properties. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2017; 29:425201. [PMID: 28809159 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aa8651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The possibility of functionalizing boron nitride flakes (BNFs) with some selected main group metal clusters, viz. OLi4, NLi5, CLi6, BLI7 and Al12Be, has been analyzed with the aid of density functional theory (DFT) based computations. Thermochemical as well as energetic considerations suggest that all the metal clusters interact with the BNF moiety in a favorable fashion. As a result of functionalization, the static (first) hyperpolarizability ([Formula: see text]) values of the metal cluster supported BNF moieties increase quite significantly as compared to that in the case of pristine BNF. Time dependent DFT analysis reveals that the metal clusters can lower the transition energies associated with the dominant electronic transitions quite significantly thereby enabling the metal cluster supported BNF moieties to exhibit significant non-linear optical activity. Moreover, the studied systems demonstrate broad band absorption capability spanning the UV-visible as well as infra-red domains. Energy decomposition analysis reveals that the electrostatic interactions principally stabilize the metal cluster supported BNF moieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debdutta Chakraborty
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Theoretical Studies, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal, India
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Esrafili MD, Dinparast L. A DFT study on the catalytic hydrogenation of CO2 to formic acid over Ti-doped graphene nanoflake. Chem Phys Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2017.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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14
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Chakraborty D, Das R, Chattaraj PK. Change in optoelectronic properties of ExBox+4 on functionalization and guest encapsulation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:23373-23385. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp02433a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
High non-linear optical properties could be derived from the ExBox+4 moiety due to functionalization as well as suitable guest encapsulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debdutta Chakraborty
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Theoretical Studies
- Indian Institute of Technology
- Kharagpur 721302
- India
| | - Ranjita Das
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Theoretical Studies
- Indian Institute of Technology
- Kharagpur 721302
- India
| | - Pratim Kumar Chattaraj
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Theoretical Studies
- Indian Institute of Technology
- Kharagpur 721302
- India
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Ye JT, Wang L, Wang HQ, Chen ZZ, Qiu YQ, Xie HM. Spirooxazine molecular switches with nonlinear optical responses as selective cation sensors. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra25478k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Spirooxazine, a photochromic material, can transform into metallic open-form merocyanine by molecular switching, giving rise to large contrasts in its second-order nonlinear optical (NLO) properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Ting Ye
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry
- Northeast Normal University
- Changchun
- China
| | - Li Wang
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry
- Northeast Normal University
- Changchun
- China
| | - Hong-Qiang Wang
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry
- Northeast Normal University
- Changchun
- China
| | - Zhen-Zhen Chen
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry
- Northeast Normal University
- Changchun
- China
| | - Yong-Qing Qiu
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry
- Northeast Normal University
- Changchun
- China
| | - Hai-Ming Xie
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry
- Northeast Normal University
- Changchun
- China
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Possible sequestration of polar gas molecules by superhalogen supported aluminum nitride nanoflakes. J Mol Model 2016; 22:271. [DOI: 10.1007/s00894-016-3153-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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