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Hoat DM, Tien NT, Nguyen DK, Guerrero-Sanchez J. Antiferromagnetism in GaS monolayer doped with TM-TM atom pairs (TM = V, Cr, Mn, and Fe). Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:18657-18666. [PMID: 38921698 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp01119h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
In this work, structural modification at Ga sites of the gallium sulfide (GaS) monolayer is explored to create new two-dimensional (2D) materials towards spintronic applications. GaS monolayer is a non-magnetic indirect-gap semiconductor material with an energy gap of 2.38 (3.27) eV as calculated using the PBE(HSE06) functional. Half-metallicity is induced in this 2D material by creating a single Ga vacancy, where S atoms around the defect site produce mainly the magnetic properties with a total magnetic moment of 1.00μB. In contrast, the non-magnetic nature is preserved under the effects of a pair of Ga vacancies, which metallize the monolayer. V, Mn, and Fe doping leads to the emergence of the diluted magnetic semiconductor nature, while doping with Cr creates a new 2D half-metallic material from the GaS monolayer. In these cases, total magnetic moments between 2.00 and 5.00μB are obtained and the 3d orbital of transition metal (TM) impurities mainly induces the system magnetism. In addition, the effects of doping with a pair of TM (pTM) atoms are also investigated, in which the antiferromagnetism is found to be stable rather than the ferromagnetism to follow the Pauli exclusion principle. Significant magnetization of the GaS monolayer is also achieved with zero total magnetic moment because of the structural mirror-symmetry. pV-, pMn-, and pFe-doped systems are antiferromagnetic semiconductor materials with energy gaps of 1.06, 1.90, and 1.84 eV, respectively. Meanwhile, the monolayer is metallized by doping with a pCr pair. The results presented herein indicate that the defective and doped GaS monolayers are prospective 2D candidates for spintronic applications - which are hindered for the pristine GaS monolayer because of the absence of intrinsic magnetism.
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Affiliation(s)
- D M Hoat
- Institute of Theoretical and Applied Research, Duy Tan University, Ha Noi 100000, Vietnam.
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Thanh Tien
- College of Natural Sciences, Can Tho University, 3-2 Road, Can Tho City 900000, Vietnam
| | - Duy Khanh Nguyen
- Laboratory for Computational Physics, Institute for Computational Science and Artificial Intelligence, Van Lang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
- Faculty of Mechanical - Electrical and Computer Engineering, School of Technology, Van Lang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - J Guerrero-Sanchez
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Apartado Postal 14, Ensenada, Baja California, Código Postal 22800, Mexico
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2
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Sun T, Feng B, Huo J, Xiao Y, Wang W, Peng J, Li Z, Du C, Wang W, Zou G, Liu L. Artificial Intelligence Meets Flexible Sensors: Emerging Smart Flexible Sensing Systems Driven by Machine Learning and Artificial Synapses. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2023; 16:14. [PMID: 37955844 PMCID: PMC10643743 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-023-01235-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
The recent wave of the artificial intelligence (AI) revolution has aroused unprecedented interest in the intelligentialize of human society. As an essential component that bridges the physical world and digital signals, flexible sensors are evolving from a single sensing element to a smarter system, which is capable of highly efficient acquisition, analysis, and even perception of vast, multifaceted data. While challenging from a manual perspective, the development of intelligent flexible sensing has been remarkably facilitated owing to the rapid advances of brain-inspired AI innovations from both the algorithm (machine learning) and the framework (artificial synapses) level. This review presents the recent progress of the emerging AI-driven, intelligent flexible sensing systems. The basic concept of machine learning and artificial synapses are introduced. The new enabling features induced by the fusion of AI and flexible sensing are comprehensively reviewed, which significantly advances the applications such as flexible sensory systems, soft/humanoid robotics, and human activity monitoring. As two of the most profound innovations in the twenty-first century, the deep incorporation of flexible sensing and AI technology holds tremendous potential for creating a smarter world for human beings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianming Sun
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment, Key Laboratory for Advanced Manufacturing by Materials Processing Technology, Ministry of Education of PR China, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanxi Province, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Feng
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment, Key Laboratory for Advanced Manufacturing by Materials Processing Technology, Ministry of Education of PR China, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinpeng Huo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment, Key Laboratory for Advanced Manufacturing by Materials Processing Technology, Ministry of Education of PR China, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Xiao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment, Key Laboratory for Advanced Manufacturing by Materials Processing Technology, Ministry of Education of PR China, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Wengan Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment, Key Laboratory for Advanced Manufacturing by Materials Processing Technology, Ministry of Education of PR China, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Peng
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment, Key Laboratory for Advanced Manufacturing by Materials Processing Technology, Ministry of Education of PR China, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Zehua Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment, Key Laboratory for Advanced Manufacturing by Materials Processing Technology, Ministry of Education of PR China, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengjie Du
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment, Key Laboratory for Advanced Manufacturing by Materials Processing Technology, Ministry of Education of PR China, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenxian Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanxi Province, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guisheng Zou
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment, Key Laboratory for Advanced Manufacturing by Materials Processing Technology, Ministry of Education of PR China, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment, Key Laboratory for Advanced Manufacturing by Materials Processing Technology, Ministry of Education of PR China, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China.
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3
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Yuan J, Dai JQ, Liu YZ, Zhao MW. Polarization-tunable interfacial properties in monolayer-MoS 2 transistors integrated with ferroelectric BiAlO 3(0001) polar surfaces. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:25177-25190. [PMID: 37712428 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp02866f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
With the explosion of data-centric applications, new in-memory computing technologies, based on nonvolatile memory devices, have become competitive due to their merged logic-memory functionalities. Herein, employing first-principles quantum transport simulation, we theoretically investigate for the first time the electronic and contact properties of two types of monolayer (ML)-MoS2 ferroelectric field-effect transistors (FeFETs) integrated with ferroelectric BiAlO3(0001) (BAO(0001)) polar surfaces. Our study finds that the interfacial properties of the investigated partial FeFET devices are highly tunable by switching the electric polarization of the ferroelectric BAO(0001) dielectric. Specifically, the transition from quasi-Ohmic to the Schottky contact, as well as opposite contact polarity of respective n-type and p-type Schottky contact under two polarization states can be obtained, suggesting their superior performance metrics in terms of nonvolatile information storage. In addition, due to the feature of (quasi-)Ohmic contact in some polarization states, the explored FeFET devices, even when operating in the regular field-effect transistor (FET) mode, can be extremely significant in realizing a desirable low threshold voltage and interfacial contact resistance. In conjunction with the formed van der Waals (vdW) interfaces in ML-MoS2/ferroelectric systems with an interlayer, the proposed FeFETs are expected to provide excellent device performance with regard to cycling endurance and memory density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Yuan
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, P. R. China.
| | - Jian-Qing Dai
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, P. R. China.
| | - Yu-Zhu Liu
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, P. R. China.
| | - Miao-Wei Zhao
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, P. R. China.
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Wenelska K, Dymerska A, Mijowska E. Oxygen evolution reaction on MoS 2/C rods-robust and highly active electrocatalyst. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 34:465403. [PMID: 37567163 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/acef2f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Recently, water oxidation or oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in electrocatalysis has attracted huge attention due to its prime role in water splitting, rechargeable metal-air batteries, and fuel cells. Here, we demonstrate a facile and scalable fabrication method of a rod-like structure composed of molybdenum disulfide and carbon (MoS2/C) from parent 2D MoS2. This novel composite, induced via the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process, exhibits superior oxygen evolution performance (overpotential = 132 mV at 10 mA cm-2and Tafel slope = 55.6 mV dec-1) in an alkaline medium. Additionally, stability tests of the obtained structures at 10 mA cm-2during 10 h followed by 20 mA cm-2during 5 h and 50 mA cm-2during 2.5 h have been performed and clearly prove that MoS2/C can be successfully used as robust noble-metal-free electrocatalysts. The promoted activity of the rods is ascribed to the abundance of active surface (ECSA) of the catalyst induced due to the curvature effect during the reshaping of the composite from 2D precursor (MoS2) in the CVD process. Moreover, the presence of Fe species contributes to the observed excellent OER performance. FeOOH, Fe2O3, and Fe3O4are known to possess favorable electrocatalytic properties, including high catalytic activity and stability, which facilitate the electrocatalytic reaction. Additionally, Fe-based species like Fe7C3and FeMo2S5offer synergistic effects with MoS2, leading to improved catalytic activity and durability due to their unique electronic structure and surface properties. Additionally, turnover frequency (TOF) (58 1/s at the current density of 10 mA cm-2), as a direct indicator of intrinsic activity, indicates the efficiency of this catalyst in OER. Based onex situanalyzes (XPS, XRD, Raman) of the electrocatalyst the possible reaction mechanism is explored and discussed in great detail showing that MoS2, carbon, and iron oxide are the main active species of the reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Wenelska
- West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Department of Nanomaterials Physicochemistry, Piastow Ave. 42, 71-065 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Anna Dymerska
- West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Department of Nanomaterials Physicochemistry, Piastow Ave. 42, 71-065 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Ewa Mijowska
- West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Department of Nanomaterials Physicochemistry, Piastow Ave. 42, 71-065 Szczecin, Poland
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5
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Och M, Anastasiou K, Leontis I, Zemignani GZ, Palczynski P, Mostaed A, Sokolikova MS, Alexeev EM, Bai H, Tartakovskii AI, Lischner J, Nellist PD, Russo S, Mattevi C. Synthesis of mono- and few-layered n-type WSe 2 from solid state inorganic precursors. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:15651-15662. [PMID: 36189726 PMCID: PMC9631355 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr03233c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Tuning the charge transport properties of two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) is pivotal to their future device integration in post-silicon technologies. To date, co-doping of TMDs during growth still proves to be challenging, and the synthesis of doped WSe2, an otherwise ambipolar material, has been mainly limited to p-doping. Here, we demonstrate the synthesis of high-quality n-type monolayered WSe2 flakes using a solid-state precursor for Se, zinc selenide. n-Type transport has been reported with prime electron mobilities of up to 10 cm2 V-1 s-1. We also demonstrate the tuneability of doping to p-type transport with hole mobilities of 50 cm2 V-1 s-1 after annealing in air. n-Doping has been attributed to the presence of Zn adatoms on the WSe2 flakes as revealed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), spatially resolved time of flight secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS) and angular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy (AD-STEM) characterization of WSe2 flakes. Monolayer WSe2 flakes exhibit a sharp photoluminescence (PL) peak at room temperature and highly uniform emission across the entire flake area, indicating a high degree of crystallinity of the material. This work provides new insight into the synthesis of TMDs with charge carrier control, to pave the way towards post-silicon electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Och
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
| | | | - Ioannis Leontis
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4QL, UK
| | - Giulia Zoe Zemignani
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
- Center for Nano Science and Technology, Milan, Italy
| | - Pawel Palczynski
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
| | - Ali Mostaed
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PH, UK
| | | | - Evgeny M Alexeev
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S3 7RH, UK
| | - Haoyu Bai
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
| | | | - Johannes Lischner
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
- Thomas Young Centre for Theory and Simulation of Materials, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Peter D Nellist
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PH, UK
| | - Saverio Russo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4QL, UK
| | - Cecilia Mattevi
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
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6
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Beagle LK, Moore DC, Kim G, Tran LD, Miesle P, Nguyen C, Fang Q, Kim KH, Prusnik TA, Newburger M, Rao R, Lou J, Jariwala D, Baldwin LA, Glavin NR. Microwave Facilitated Covalent Organic Framework/Transition Metal Dichalcogenide Heterostructures. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:46876-46883. [PMID: 36194531 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c14341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Organic/inorganic heterostructures present a versatile platform for creating materials with new functionalities and hybrid properties. In particular, junctions between two dimensional materials have demonstrated utility in next generation electronic, optical, and optoelectronic devices. This work pioneers a microwave facilitated synthesis process to readily incorporate few-layer covalent organic framework (COF) films onto monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDC). Preferential microwave excitation of the monolayer TMDC flakes result in selective attachment of COFs onto the van der Waals surface with film thicknesses between 1 and 4 nm. The flexible process is extended to multiple TMDCs (MoS2, MoSe2, MoSSe) and several well-known COFs (TAPA-PDA COF, TPT-TFA-COF, and COF-5). Photoluminescence studies reveal a power-dependent defect formation in the TMDC layer, which facilitates electronic coupling between the materials at higher TMDC defect densities. This coupling results in a shift in the A-exciton peak location of MoSe2, with a red or blue shift of 50 or 19 meV, respectively, depending upon the electron donating character of the few-layer COF films. Moreover, optoelectronic devices fabricated from the COF-5/TMDC heterostructure present an opportunity to tune the PL intensity and control the interaction dynamics within inorganic/organic heterostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas K Beagle
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433, United States
- UES, Inc., Beavercreek, Ohio 45432, United States
| | - David C Moore
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433, United States
- UES, Inc., Beavercreek, Ohio 45432, United States
| | - Gwangwoo Kim
- Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Ly D Tran
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433, United States
- UES, Inc., Beavercreek, Ohio 45432, United States
| | - Paige Miesle
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433, United States
- UES, Inc., Beavercreek, Ohio 45432, United States
| | - Christine Nguyen
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Qiyi Fang
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Kwan-Ho Kim
- Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | | | - Michael Newburger
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433, United States
| | - Rahul Rao
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433, United States
| | - Jun Lou
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Deep Jariwala
- Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Luke A Baldwin
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433, United States
| | - Nicholas R Glavin
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433, United States
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7
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Dai C, Liu Y, Wei D. Two-Dimensional Field-Effect Transistor Sensors: The Road toward Commercialization. Chem Rev 2022; 122:10319-10392. [PMID: 35412802 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The evolutionary success in information technology has been sustained by the rapid growth of sensor technology. Recently, advances in sensor technology have promoted the ambitious requirement to build intelligent systems that can be controlled by external stimuli along with independent operation, adaptivity, and low energy expenditure. Among various sensing techniques, field-effect transistors (FETs) with channels made of two-dimensional (2D) materials attract increasing attention for advantages such as label-free detection, fast response, easy operation, and capability of integration. With atomic thickness, 2D materials restrict the carrier flow within the material surface and expose it directly to the external environment, leading to efficient signal acquisition and conversion. This review summarizes the latest advances of 2D-materials-based FET (2D FET) sensors in a comprehensive manner that contains the material, operating principles, fabrication technologies, proof-of-concept applications, and prototypes. First, a brief description of the background and fundamentals is provided. The subsequent contents summarize physical, chemical, and biological 2D FET sensors and their applications. Then, we highlight the challenges of their commercialization and discuss corresponding solution techniques. The following section presents a systematic survey of recent progress in developing commercial prototypes. Lastly, we summarize the long-standing efforts and prospective future development of 2D FET-based sensing systems toward commercialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhao Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.,Laboratory of Molecular Materials and Devices, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yunqi Liu
- Laboratory of Molecular Materials and Devices, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Dacheng Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.,Laboratory of Molecular Materials and Devices, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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8
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Montes-García V, Samorì P. Janus 2D materials via asymmetric molecular functionalization. Chem Sci 2022; 13:315-328. [PMID: 35126966 PMCID: PMC8729797 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc05836c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Janus two-dimensional materials (2DMs) are a novel class of 2DMs in which the two faces of the material are either asymmetrically functionalized or are exposed to a different local environment. The diversity of the properties imparted to the two opposing sides enables the design of new multifunctional materials for applications in a broad variety of fields including opto-electronics, energy storage, and catalysis. In this perspective, we summarize the most enlightening experimental methods for the asymmetric chemical functionalization of 2DMs with tailored made (macro)molecules by means of a supratopic binding (one side) or antaratopic binding (two sides) process. We describe the emergence of unique electrical and optical characteristics resulting from the asymmetric dressing of the two surfaces. Representative examples of Janus 2DMs towards bandgap engineering, enhanced photoresponse and photoluminescence are provided. In addition, examples of Janus 2DMs for real applications such as energy storage (batteries and supercapacitors) and generation (photovoltaics), opto-electronics (field-effect transistors and photodetectors), catalysis, drug delivery, self-healing materials, chemical sensors and selective capture and separation of small molecules are also described. Finally, we discuss the future directions, challenges, and opportunities to expand the frontiers of Janus 2DMs towards technologies with potential impact in environmental science and biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paolo Samorì
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS 8 allée Gaspard Monge 67000 Strasbourg France
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Sun Q, Gong Z, Zhang Y, Hao J, Zheng S, Lu W, Cui Y, Liu L, Wang Y. Synergically engineering defect and interlayer in SnS 2 for enhanced room-temperature NO 2 sensing. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 421:126816. [PMID: 34396968 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Defect and interlayer engineering are considered as two promising strategies to alter the electronic structures of sensing materials for improved gas sensing properties. Herein, ethylene glycol intercalated Al-doped SnS2 (EG-Al-SnS2) featuring Al doping, sulfur (S) vacancies, and an expanded interlayer spacing was prepared and developed as an active NO2 sensing material. Compared to the pristine SnS2 with failure in detecting NO2 at room temperature, the developed EG-Al-SnS2 exhibited a better conductivity, which was beneficial for realizing the room-temperature NO2 sensing. As a result, a high sensing response of 410% toward 2 ppm NO2 was achieved at room temperature by using the 3% EG-Al-SnS2 as the sensing material. Such outstanding sensing performance was attributed to the enhanced electronic interaction of NO2 on the surface of SnS2 induced by the synergistic effect of Al doping, S vacancies, and the expanded interlayer spacing, which is directly revealed by the in-suit measurement based on near-ambient pressure X-ray photoelectronic spectroscopy (NAP-XPS). Furthermore, to identify the role of Al doping, S vacancies, and the expanded interlayer spacing in enhancing the NO2 sensing properties, a series of comparative experiments and theoretical calculations were performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Sun
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Zhongmiao Gong
- Vacuum Interconnected Nanotech Workstation, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Yijian Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Juanyuan Hao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, PR China.
| | - Shengliang Zheng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Wen Lu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Yi Cui
- Vacuum Interconnected Nanotech Workstation, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Lizhao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion and Electron Beams (Ministry of Education), School of Physics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, PR China.
| | - You Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, PR China.
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10
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Wu W, Li D, Xu Y, Zeng XC. Two-Dimensional GeC 2 with Tunable Electronic and Carrier Transport Properties and a High Current ON/OFF Ratio. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:11488-11496. [PMID: 34793176 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c03477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we present that 2D tetrahex-GeC2 materials possess novel electronic and carrier transport properties based on density functional theory computations combined with the nonequilibrium Green's function method. We show that under the 4% (-4%) in-plane expansion (compression) along the a-direction (b-direction) of the tetrahex-GeC2 monolayer, the bandgap can be enlarged to a desirable 1.26 eV (1.32 eV), close to that of silicon. The carrier transport properties of both the sub-10 nm tetrahex-GeC2 monolayer and the bilayer show strong anisotropy within the bias from -1 to 1 V. The current ON (a-direction)/OFF (b-direction) ratio amounts to 105 for the tetrahex-GeC2 monolayer. A striking negative differential conductance arises with the maximum Ipeak/Ivalley on the order of 104 under the 4% uniaxial expansion along the b-direction of the tetrahex-GeC2 monolayer. Overall, the 2D tetrahex-GeC2 monolayer and bilayer possess highly tunable electronic and carrier transport properties under uniaxial strain, which can be exploited for potential applications in nanoelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Wu
- School of Microelectronics and Control Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, Jiangsu China
| | - Dongze Li
- School of Microelectronics and Control Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, Jiangsu China
| | - Yuehua Xu
- School of Microelectronics and Control Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, Jiangsu China
| | - Xiao Cheng Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
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11
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Wu X, Zhu X, Lei B. Impact of ion beam irradiation on two-dimensional MoS 2: a molecular dynamics simulation study. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2021; 34:055402. [PMID: 34673551 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac31f9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) materials such as MoS2have extraordinary properties and significant application potential in electronics, optoelectronics, energy storage, bioengineering, etc. To realize the numerous application potential, it is needed to modulate the structure and properties of these 2D materials, for which ion beam irradiation has obvious advantages. This research adopted classical molecular dynamics simulations to study the sputtering of atoms in 2D MoS2, defect formation and the control rule under Ar ion beam irradiation, considering the influence of ion irradiation parameters (i.e., ion beam energy, ion dose), layer number of 2D MoS2, substrate. Furthermore, the uniaxial mechanical performance of the ion-irradiated nanostructures was investigated for actual applications loading with mechanical stress/strain. This research could provide important theoretical support for fabricating high-performance 2D MoS2-based nanodevices by ion beam irradiation method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519082, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobao Zhu
- School of Software, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330063, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Lei
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519082, People's Republic of China
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Kadam SA, Phan GT, Pham DV, Patil RA, Lai CC, Chen YR, Liou Y, Ma YR. Doping-free bandgap tunability in Fe 2O 3 nanostructured films. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2021; 3:5581-5588. [PMID: 36133276 PMCID: PMC9418971 DOI: 10.1039/d1na00442e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A tunable bandgap without doping is highly desirable for applications in optoelectronic devices. Herein, we develop a new method which can tune the bandgap without any doping. In the present research, the bandgap of Fe2O3 nanostructured films is simply tuned by changing the synthesis temperature. The Fe2O3 nanostructured films are synthesized on ITO/glass substrates at temperatures of 1100, 1150, 1200, and 1250 °C using the hot filament metal oxide vapor deposition (HFMOVD) and thermal oxidation techniques. The Fe2O3 nanostructured films contain two mixtures of Fe2+ and Fe3+ cations and two trigonal (α) and cubic (γ) phases. The increase of the Fe2+ cations and cubic (γ) phase with the elevated synthesis temperatures lifted the valence band edge, indicating a reduction in the bandgap. The linear bandgap reduction of 0.55 eV without any doping makes the Fe2O3 nanostructured films promising materials for applications in bandgap engineering, optoelectronic devices, and energy storage devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujit A Kadam
- Department of Physics, National Dong Hwa University Hualien 97401 Taiwan
| | - Giang Thi Phan
- Department of Physics, National Dong Hwa University Hualien 97401 Taiwan
| | - Duy Van Pham
- Department of Physics, National Dong Hwa University Hualien 97401 Taiwan
- Center for Condensed Matter Sciences, National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 Taiwan
| | - Ranjit A Patil
- Department of Physics, National Dong Hwa University Hualien 97401 Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chih Lai
- Department of Physics, National Dong Hwa University Hualien 97401 Taiwan
| | - Yan-Ruei Chen
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica Taipei 11529 Taiwan
| | - Yung Liou
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica Taipei 11529 Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Ron Ma
- Department of Physics, National Dong Hwa University Hualien 97401 Taiwan
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Self-Powered Sensors: New Opportunities and Challenges from Two-Dimensional Nanomaterials. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26165056. [PMID: 34443640 PMCID: PMC8398567 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26165056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanomaterials have gained considerable attention over the last decade, finding applications in emerging fields such as wearable sensors, biomedical care, and implantable electronics. However, these applications require miniaturization operating with extremely low power levels to conveniently sense various signals anytime, anywhere, and show the information in various ways. From this perspective, a crucial field is technologies that can harvest energy from the environment as sustainable, self-sufficient, self-powered sensors. Here we revisit recent advances in various self-powered sensors: optical, chemical, biological, medical, and gas. A timely overview is provided of unconventional nanomaterial sensors operated by self-sufficient energy, focusing on the energy source classification and comparisons of studies including self-powered photovoltaic, piezoelectric, triboelectric, and thermoelectric technology. Integration of these self-operating systems and new applications for neuromorphic sensors are also reviewed. Furthermore, this review discusses opportunities and challenges from self-powered nanomaterial sensors with respect to their energy harvesting principles and sensing applications.
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Sleziona S, Rauls S, Heckhoff T, Christen L, Pollmann E, Madauß L, Franzka S, Lorke A, Wende H, Schleberger M. Towards field-effect controlled graphene-enhanced Raman spectroscopy of cobalt octaethylporphyrin molecules. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 32:205702. [PMID: 33477119 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/abde60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
During the last decade graphene-enhanced Raman spectroscopy has proven to be a powerful tool to detect and analyze minute amounts of molecules adsorbed on graphene. By using a graphene-based field-effect device the unique opportunity arises to gain a deeper insight into the coupling of molecules and graphene as graphene's Fermi level can be controlled by the transistor`s gate voltage. However, the fabrication of such a device comes with great challenges because of contaminations stemming from processing the device inevitably prevent direct adsorption of the molecules onto graphene rendering it unsuitable for field-effect controlled graphene-enhanced Raman spectroscopy measurements/experiments. In this work, we solve this problem by establishing two different fabrication procedures for such devices, both of which are in addition compatible with large area and scalable production requirements. As a first solution, selective argon cluster irradiation is shown to be an efficient way to remove resist residues after processing. We provide evidence that after the irradiation the enhancement of the molecular Raman signal can indeed be measured, demonstrating that this procedure cleans graphene's surface sufficiently enough for direct molecular adsorption. As a second solution, we have developed a novel stacking method to encapsulate the molecules in between two graphene layers to protect the underlying graphene and molecular layer from the harsh conditions during the photolithography process. This method combines the advantages of dry stacking, which leads to a perfectly clean interface, and wet stacking processes, which can easily be scaled up for large area processing. Both approaches yield working graphene transistors with strong molecular Raman signals stemming from cobalt octaehtylporphyrin, a promising and prototypical candidate for spintronic applications, and are therefore suitable for graphene based molecular sensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Sleziona
- Faculty of Physics and CENIDE, University of Duisburg-Essen, Lotharstrasse 1, Duisburg D-47057, Germany
| | - Simon Rauls
- Faculty of Physics and CENIDE, University of Duisburg-Essen, Lotharstrasse 1, Duisburg D-47057, Germany
| | - Tobias Heckhoff
- Faculty of Physics and CENIDE, University of Duisburg-Essen, Lotharstrasse 1, Duisburg D-47057, Germany
| | - Leonard Christen
- Faculty of Physics and CENIDE, University of Duisburg-Essen, Lotharstrasse 1, Duisburg D-47057, Germany
| | - Erik Pollmann
- Faculty of Physics and CENIDE, University of Duisburg-Essen, Lotharstrasse 1, Duisburg D-47057, Germany
| | - Lukas Madauß
- Faculty of Physics and CENIDE, University of Duisburg-Essen, Lotharstrasse 1, Duisburg D-47057, Germany
| | - Steffen Franzka
- ICAN, University of Duisburg-Essen, Lotharstrasse 1, Duisburg D-47057, Germany
| | - Axel Lorke
- Faculty of Physics and CENIDE, University of Duisburg-Essen, Lotharstrasse 1, Duisburg D-47057, Germany
| | - Heiko Wende
- Faculty of Physics and CENIDE, University of Duisburg-Essen, Lotharstrasse 1, Duisburg D-47057, Germany
| | - Marika Schleberger
- Faculty of Physics and CENIDE, University of Duisburg-Essen, Lotharstrasse 1, Duisburg D-47057, Germany
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dos Santos RM, da Cunha WF, Giozza WF, de Sousa Júnior RT, Roncaratti LF, Ribeiro Júnior LA. Electronic and structural properties of Janus MoSSe/MoX2 (X = S,Se) in-plane heterojunctions: A DFT study. Chem Phys Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2021.138495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Yoo H, Heo K, Ansari MHR, Cho S. Recent Advances in Electrical Doping of 2D Semiconductor Materials: Methods, Analyses, and Applications. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:832. [PMID: 33805062 PMCID: PMC8064109 DOI: 10.3390/nano11040832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Two-dimensional materials have garnered interest from the perspectives of physics, materials, and applied electronics owing to their outstanding physical and chemical properties. Advances in exfoliation and synthesis technologies have enabled preparation and electrical characterization of various atomically thin films of semiconductor transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs). Their two-dimensional structures and electromagnetic spectra coupled to bandgaps in the visible region indicate their suitability for digital electronics and optoelectronics. To further expand the potential applications of these two-dimensional semiconductor materials, technologies capable of precisely controlling the electrical properties of the material are essential. Doping has been traditionally used to effectively change the electrical and electronic properties of materials through relatively simple processes. To change the electrical properties, substances that can donate or remove electrons are added. Doping of atomically thin two-dimensional semiconductor materials is similar to that used for silicon but has a slightly different mechanism. Three main methods with different characteristics and slightly different principles are generally used. This review presents an overview of various advanced doping techniques based on the substitutional, chemical, and charge transfer molecular doping strategies of graphene and TMDs, which are the representative 2D semiconductor materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hocheon Yoo
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnamdaero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13120, Korea; (H.Y.); (M.H.R.A.)
- Graduate School of IT Convergence Engineering, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnamdaero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13120, Korea
| | - Keun Heo
- Department of Semiconductor Science & Technology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 54896, Korea;
| | - Md. Hasan Raza Ansari
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnamdaero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13120, Korea; (H.Y.); (M.H.R.A.)
- Graduate School of IT Convergence Engineering, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnamdaero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13120, Korea
| | - Seongjae Cho
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnamdaero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13120, Korea; (H.Y.); (M.H.R.A.)
- Graduate School of IT Convergence Engineering, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnamdaero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13120, Korea
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Enhanced Electrical Performance of Monolayer MoS 2 with Rare Earth Element Sm Doping. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11030769. [PMID: 33803612 PMCID: PMC8002856 DOI: 10.3390/nano11030769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Rare earth (RE) element-doped two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) with applications in luminescence and magnetics have received considerable attention in recent years. To date, the effect of RE element doping on the electronic properties of monolayer 2D-TMDCs remains unanswered due to challenges including the difficulty of achieving valid monolayer doping and introducing RE elements with distinct valence and atomic configurations. Herein, we report a unique strategy to grow the Sm-doped monolayer MoS2 film by using an atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition method with the substrate face down on top of the growth source. A stable monolayer triangular Sm-doped MoS2 was achieved. The threshold voltage of an Sm-doped MoS2-based field effect transistor (FET) moved from -12 to 0 V due to the p-type character impurity state introduced by Sm ions in monolayer MoS2. Additionally, the electrical performance of the monolayer MoS2-based FET was improved by RE element Sm doping, including a 500% increase of the on/off current ratio and a 40% increase of the FET's mobility. The electronic property enhancement resulted from Sm doping MoS2, which led internal lattice strain and changes in Fermi energy levels. These findings provide a general approach to synthesize RE element-doped monolayer 2D-TMDCs and to enrich their applications in electrical devices.
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18
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Zhao K, Zhang Y, Ma Y, Li G, Yu CM. Theoretical study of the adsorption of gas molecules on Mg-embedded boron carbide (C3B) nanosheets: Implications for gas sensors. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2020.113055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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19
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Faraji M, Bafekry A, Fadlallah MM, Molaei F, Hieu NN, Qian P, Ghergherehchi M, Gogova D. Surface modification of titanium carbide MXene monolayers (Ti 2C and Ti 3C 2) via chalcogenide and halogenide atoms. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:15319-15328. [PMID: 34254093 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp01788h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Inspired by the recent successful growth of Ti2C and Ti3C2 monolayers, here, we investigate the structural, electronic, and mechanical properties of functionalized Ti2C and Ti3C2 monolayers by means of density functional theory calculations. The results reveal that monolayers of Ti2C and Ti3C2 are dynamically stable metals. Phonon band dispersion calculations demonstrate that two-surface functionalization of Ti2C and Ti3C2via chalcogenides (S, Se, and Te), halides (F, Cl, Br, and I), and oxygen atoms results in dynamically stable novel functionalized monolayer materials. Electronic band dispersions and density of states calculations reveal that all functionalized monolayer structures preserve the metallic nature of both Ti2C and Ti3C2 except Ti2C-O2, which possesses the behavior of an indirect semiconductor via full-surface oxygen passivation. In addition, it is shown that although halide passivated Ti3C2 structures are still metallic, there exist multiple Dirac-like cones around the Fermi energy level, which indicates that semi-metallic behavior can be obtained upon external effects by tuning the energy of the Dirac cones. In addition, the computed linear-elastic parameters prove that functionalization is a powerful tool in tuning the mechanical properties of stiff monolayers of bare Ti2C and Ti3C2. Our study discloses that the electronic and structural properties of Ti2C and Ti3C2 MXene monolayers are suitable for surface modification, which is highly desirable for material property engineering and device integration.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Faraji
- TOBB University of Economics and Technology, Sogutozu Caddesi No. 43 Sogutozu, 06560, Ankara, Turkey
| | - A Bafekry
- Department of Radiation Application, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran. and Department of Physics, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - M M Fadlallah
- Department of Mining and Geological Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, USA
| | - F Molaei
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Benha University, 13518 Benha, Egypt
| | - N N Hieu
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam and Faculty of Natural Sciences, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam
| | - P Qian
- Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - M Ghergherehchi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 16419 Suwon, Korea.
| | - D Gogova
- Central Laboratory of Solar Energy and New Energy Sources at the Bulg. Acad. Sci., Blvd. Tzarigradsko shoes 72, 1784 Sofia, Bulgaria
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20
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Tebyetekerwa M, Zhang J, Xu Z, Truong TN, Yin Z, Lu Y, Ramakrishna S, Macdonald D, Nguyen HT. Mechanisms and Applications of Steady-State Photoluminescence Spectroscopy in Two-Dimensional Transition-Metal Dichalcogenides. ACS NANO 2020; 14:14579-14604. [PMID: 33155803 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c08668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) transition-metal dichalcogenide (TMD) semiconductors exhibit many important structural and optoelectronic properties, such as strong light-matter interactions, direct bandgaps tunable from visible to near-infrared regions, flexibility and atomic thickness, quantum-confinement effects, valley polarization possibilities, and so on. Therefore, they are regarded as a very promising class of materials for next-generation state-of-the-art nano/micro optoelectronic devices. To explore different applications and device structures based on 2D TMDs, intrinsic material properties, their relationships, and evolutions with fabrication parameters need to be deeply understood, very often through a combination of various characterization techniques. Among them, steady-state photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy has been extensively employed. This class of techniques is fast, contactless, and nondestructive and can provide very high spatial resolution. Therefore, it can be used to obtain optoelectronic properties from samples of various sizes (from microns to centimeters) during the fabrication process without complex sample preparation. In this article, the mechanism and applications of steady-state PL spectroscopy in 2D TMDs are reviewed. The first part of this review details the physics of PL phenomena in semiconductors and common techniques to acquire and analyze PL spectra. The second part introduces various applications of PL spectroscopy in 2D TMDs. Finally, a broader perspective is discussed to highlight some limitations and untapped opportunities of PL spectroscopy in characterizing 2D TMDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mike Tebyetekerwa
- Research School of Electrical, Energy, and Materials Engineering, College of Engineering and Computer Science, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Jian Zhang
- Research School of Electrical, Energy, and Materials Engineering, College of Engineering and Computer Science, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Zhen Xu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Thien N Truong
- Research School of Electrical, Energy, and Materials Engineering, College of Engineering and Computer Science, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Zongyou Yin
- Research School of Chemistry, College of Science, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Yuerui Lu
- Research School of Electrical, Energy, and Materials Engineering, College of Engineering and Computer Science, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Seeram Ramakrishna
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119260, Singapore
| | - Daniel Macdonald
- Research School of Electrical, Energy, and Materials Engineering, College of Engineering and Computer Science, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Hieu T Nguyen
- Research School of Electrical, Energy, and Materials Engineering, College of Engineering and Computer Science, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
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Zhang Y, Huang P, Guo J, Shi R, Huang W, Shi Z, Wu L, Zhang F, Gao L, Li C, Zhang X, Xu J, Zhang H. Graphdiyne-Based Flexible Photodetectors with High Responsivity and Detectivity. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e2001082. [PMID: 32338405 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202001082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Graphdiyne (GDY), a newly emerging 2D carbon allotrope, has been widely explored in various fields owing to its outstanding electronic properties such as the intrinsic bandgap and high carrier mobility. Herein, GDY-based photoelectrochemical-type photodetection is realized by spin-coating ultrathin GDY nanosheets onto flexible poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) substrates. The GDY-based photodetectors (PDs) demonstrate excellent photo-responsive behaviors with high photocurrent (Pph , 5.98 µA cm- 2 ), photoresponsivity (Rph , 1086.96 µA W- 1 ), detectivity (7.31 × 1010 Jones), and excellent long-term stability (more than 1 month). More importantly, the PDs maintain an excellent Pph after 1000 cycles of bending (4.45 µA cm- 2 ) and twisting (3.85 µA cm- 2 ), thanks to the great flexibility of the GDY structure that is compatible with the flexible PET substrate. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations are adopted to explore the electronic characteristics of GDY, which provides evidence for the performance enhancement of GDY in alkaline electrolyte. In this way, the GDY-based flexible PDs can enrich the fundamental study of GDY and pave the way for the exploration of GDY heterojunction-based photodetection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Science & Technology, International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Pu Huang
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Jia Guo
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Science & Technology, International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Rongchao Shi
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, Tongyan Road 38, Haihe Educational Park, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Weichun Huang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Science & Technology, International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
- Nantong Key Lab of Intelligent and New Energy Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226019, China
| | - Zhe Shi
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Science & Technology, International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Leiming Wu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Science & Technology, International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Science & Technology, International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Lingfeng Gao
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Science & Technology, International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Chao Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Science & Technology, International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Xiuwen Zhang
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Jialiang Xu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, Tongyan Road 38, Haihe Educational Park, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Science & Technology, International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
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Zhang X, Teng SY, Loy ACM, How BS, Leong WD, Tao X. Transition Metal Dichalcogenides for the Application of Pollution Reduction: A Review. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E1012. [PMID: 32466377 PMCID: PMC7353444 DOI: 10.3390/nano10061012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The material characteristics and properties of transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDCs) have gained research interest in various fields, such as electronics, catalytic, and energy storage. In particular, many researchers have been focusing on the applications of TMDCs in dealing with environmental pollution. TMDCs provide a unique opportunity to develop higher-value applications related to environmental matters. This work highlights the applications of TMDCs contributing to pollution reduction in (i) gas sensing technology, (ii) gas adsorption and removal, (iii) wastewater treatment, (iv) fuel cleaning, and (v) carbon dioxide valorization and conversion. Overall, the applications of TMDCs have successfully demonstrated the advantages of contributing to environmental conversation due to their special properties. The challenges and bottlenecks of implementing TMDCs in the actual industry are also highlighted. More efforts need to be devoted to overcoming the hurdles to maximize the potential of TMDCs implementation in the industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xixia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China;
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 656/123, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Sin Yong Teng
- Institute of Process Engineering & NETME Centre, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 2896/2, 616 69 Brno, Czech Republic;
| | - Adrian Chun Minh Loy
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne 3800, Australia;
| | - Bing Shen How
- Research Centre for Sustainable Technologies, Faculty of Engineering, Computing and Science, Swinburne University of Technology, Jalan Simpang Tiga, Kuching 93350, Malaysia;
| | - Wei Dong Leong
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Nottingham, Semenyih 43500, Malaysia;
| | - Xutang Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China;
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Mei J, He T, Zhang Q, Liao T, Du A, Ayoko GA, Sun Z. Carbon-Phosphorus Bonds-Enriched 3D Graphene by Self-Sacrificing Black Phosphorus Nanosheets for Elevating Capacitive Lithium Storage. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:21720-21729. [PMID: 32301608 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c03583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Heteroatom-doping engineering has been verified as an effective strategy to tailor the electronic and chemical properties of materials. The high amount doping of nonmetal atoms to achieve desired performance, however, is always a grand challenge. Herein, a new strategy to achieve ultrahigh-level doping of phosphorus in a 3D graphene skeleton is proposed by sacrificing heterostructured two-dimensional black phosphorus on graphene. Via this approach, the phosphorus-loading in graphene hydrogel reached a record of 4.84 at. %, together with the formation of tunable pores of size 1.7-17.5 nm in graphene. During reaction kinetic analysis, the highly phosphorus-doped 3D graphene hydrogel anode exhibited more favorable capacitive-controlled ion storage behaviors, leading to a specific capacity as high as 1000 mA h g-1 after 1700 cycles, which is superior to the pristine graphene hydrogel electrode. This simple but effective phosphorization offers an effective doping strategy for producing ultrahigh-level phosphorous doping but avoids the usual use of toxic phosphorous precursors. Furthermore, the modulation on the activation process over cycling investigated in this work gives us a new insight into designing stable anodes for carbonaceous electrode materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Mei
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia
- Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia
| | - Tianwei He
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia
| | - Qian Zhang
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030024, China
| | - Ting Liao
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia
- Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia
| | - Aijun Du
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia
- Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia
| | - Godwin A Ayoko
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia
- Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia
| | - Ziqi Sun
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia
- Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia
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Zhang Y, Guo J, Xu Y, Huang W, Li C, Gao L, Wu L, Shi Z, Ma C, Ge Y, Zhang X, Zhang H. Synthesis and optoelectronics of mixed-dimensional Bi/Te binary heterostructures. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2020; 5:847-856. [PMID: 32105281 DOI: 10.1039/c9nh00805e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Mixed-dimensional binary heterostructures, especially 0D/2D heterostructures, have attracted significant attention due to their unique physical properties. In this contribution, 0D bismuth quantum dots (Bi QDs, VA) are immobilized onto 2D Te nanosheets (Te NSs, VIA) to prepare Bi QDs/Te NSs binary heterostructures (Bi/Te) through a facile and cost-effective hydrothermal method. The results from both experiments and density functional theory (DFT) calculations demonstrate the enhanced photo-response behaviors of Bi/Te-based photoelectrochemical (PEC)-type photodetectors (PDs). The as-prepared PDs exhibit a high photocurrent of 18.21 μA cm-2, significantly higher than those of previously reported pristine Bi QD and Te NS-based PDs. The PDs are further demonstrated to have excellent self-power capability and long-term stability over 30 days. Additionally, the obtained 786 fs pulse output signal in the telecommunications band reveals the great potential of Bi/Te for ultrafast photonic devices. It is believed that such VA/VIA binary heterostructures provide opportunities for developing multifunctional optoelectronic devices for nano-science applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Zhang
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Optoelectronic Science & Technology, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Photonic Information Technology, Guangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy (SZ), Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China.
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Cai Z, Shen T, Zhu Q, Feng S, Yu Q, Liu J, Tang L, Zhao Y, Wang J, Liu B, Cheng HM. Dual-Additive Assisted Chemical Vapor Deposition for the Growth of Mn-Doped 2D MoS 2 with Tunable Electronic Properties. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e1903181. [PMID: 31577393 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201903181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 09/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Doping of bulk silicon and III-V materials has paved the foundation of the current semiconductor industry. Controlled doping of 2D semiconductors, which can also be used to tune their bandgap and type of carrier thus changing their electronic, optical, and catalytic properties, remains challenging. Here the substitutional doping of nonlike element dopant (Mn) at the Mo sites of 2D MoS2 is reported to tune its electronic and catalytic properties. The key for the successful incorporation of Mn into the MoS2 lattice stems from the development of a new growth technology called dual-additive chemical vapor deposition. First, the addition of a MnO2 additive to the MoS2 growth process reshapes the morphology and increases lateral size of Mn-doped MoS2 . Second, a NaCl additive helps in promoting the substitutional doping and increases the concentration of Mn dopant to 1.7 at%. Because Mn has more valance electrons than Mo, its doping into MoS2 shifts the Fermi level toward the conduction band, resulting in improved electrical contact in field effect transistors. Mn doping also increases the hydrogen evolution activity of MoS2 electrocatalysts. This work provides a growth method for doping nonlike elements into 2D MoS2 and potentially many other 2D materials to modify their properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyang Cai
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Tianze Shen
- Department of Physics, South University of Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Qi Zhu
- Center of Electron Microscopy and State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Simin Feng
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Qiangmin Yu
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Jiaman Liu
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Lei Tang
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Yue Zhao
- Department of Physics, South University of Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Jiangwei Wang
- Center of Electron Microscopy and State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Bilu Liu
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Hui-Ming Cheng
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, P. R. China
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Sciences, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, P. R. China
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Chen WY, Jiang X, Lai SN, Peroulis D, Stanciu L. Nanohybrids of a MXene and transition metal dichalcogenide for selective detection of volatile organic compounds. Nat Commun 2020; 11:1302. [PMID: 32157089 PMCID: PMC7064528 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15092-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Two-dimensional transition metal carbides/nitrides, known as MXenes, have been recently receiving attention for gas sensing. However, studies on hybridization of MXenes and 2D transition metal dichalcogenides as gas-sensing materials are relatively rare at this time. Herein, Ti3C2Tx and WSe2 are selected as model materials for hybridization and implemented toward detection of various volatile organic compounds. The Ti3C2Tx/WSe2 hybrid sensor exhibits low noise level, ultrafast response/recovery times, and good flexibility for various volatile organic compounds. The sensitivity of the hybrid sensor to ethanol is improved by over 12-fold in comparison with pristine Ti3C2Tx. Moreover, the hybridization process provides an effective strategy against MXene oxidation by restricting the interaction of water molecules from the edges of Ti3C2Tx. An enhancement mechanism for Ti3C2Tx/WSe2 heterostructured materials is proposed for highly sensitive and selective detection of oxygen-containing volatile organic compounds. The scientific findings of this work could guide future exploration of next-generation field-deployable sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Winston Yenyu Chen
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Xiaofan Jiang
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Sz-Nian Lai
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Dimitrios Peroulis
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Lia Stanciu
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
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Lee J, Kwon J, Seo D, Na J, Park S, Lee HJ, Lee SW, Lee KY, Park TE, Choi HJ. Plasma-Doped Si Nanosheets for Transistor and p-n Junction Application. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:42512-42519. [PMID: 31633333 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b15616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Since the discovery of graphene, layered transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have been considered promising materials for applications in various fields because of their fascinating structural features and physical properties. Doping in semiconducting TMDs is essential for their practical application. In this regard, two-dimensional (2D) Si materials have emerged as a key component of 2D electronic, optics, sensing, and spintronic devices because of their complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) compatibility, high-quality oxide formation, moderated bandgap, and well-established doping techniques. Here, we report the tuning of the electronic properties of Si nanosheets (NSs) using a plasma-doping technique. Using this doping process, we fabricated p-n homojunction diodes and transistors with Si NSs. The estimated high ON/OFF ratio of ∼106 and field-effect hole mobility of 329 cm2 V-1 s-1 suggest a high crystal quality of the Si NSs. We also demonstrate vertically stacked heterostructured p-n junction diodes with MoS2, which exhibit rectifying properties and excellent light response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaejun Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Yonsei University , 50 Yonsei-ro Seodaemun-gu , Seoul 03722 , Korea
| | - Juyoung Kwon
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Yonsei University , 50 Yonsei-ro Seodaemun-gu , Seoul 03722 , Korea
| | - Dongjea Seo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Yonsei University , 50 Yonsei-ro Seodaemun-gu , Seoul 03722 , Korea
| | - Jukwan Na
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Yonsei University , 50 Yonsei-ro Seodaemun-gu , Seoul 03722 , Korea
| | - Sangwon Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Yonsei University , 50 Yonsei-ro Seodaemun-gu , Seoul 03722 , Korea
| | - Hyo-Jung Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Yonsei University , 50 Yonsei-ro Seodaemun-gu , Seoul 03722 , Korea
| | - Seung-Woo Lee
- Department of Fine Chemistry , Seoul National University of Science and Technology , 232 Gongneung-ro, Nowon-gu , Seoul 01811 , Korea
| | - Ki-Young Lee
- Center for Spintronics, Post-Si Semiconductor Institute , Korea Institute of Science and Technology , Hwarangno 14-gil 5, Seongbuk-gu , Seoul 02792 , Korea
| | - Tae-Eon Park
- Center for Spintronics, Post-Si Semiconductor Institute , Korea Institute of Science and Technology , Hwarangno 14-gil 5, Seongbuk-gu , Seoul 02792 , Korea
| | - Heon-Jin Choi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Yonsei University , 50 Yonsei-ro Seodaemun-gu , Seoul 03722 , Korea
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Bolotsky A, Butler D, Dong C, Gerace K, Glavin NR, Muratore C, Robinson JA, Ebrahimi A. Two-Dimensional Materials in Biosensing and Healthcare: From In Vitro Diagnostics to Optogenetics and Beyond. ACS NANO 2019; 13:9781-9810. [PMID: 31430131 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b03632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Since the isolation of graphene in 2004, there has been an exponentially growing number of reports on layered two-dimensional (2D) materials for applications ranging from protective coatings to biochemical sensing. Due to the exceptional, and often tunable, electrical, optical, electrochemical, and physical properties of these materials, they can serve as the active sensing element or a supporting substrate for diverse healthcare applications. In this review, we provide a survey of the recent reports on the applications of 2D materials in biosensing and other emerging healthcare areas, ranging from wearable technologies to optogenetics to neural interfacing. Specifically, this review provides (i) a holistic evaluation of relevant material properties across a wide range of 2D systems, (ii) a comparison of 2D material-based biosensors to the state-of-the-art, (iii) relevant material synthesis approaches specifically reported for healthcare applications, and (iv) the technological considerations to facilitate mass production and commercialization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Chengye Dong
- State Key Lab of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment , Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , Shaanxi 710049 , People's Republic of China
| | | | - Nicholas R Glavin
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate , Air Force Research Laboratory , WPAFB , Ohio 45433 , United States
| | - Christopher Muratore
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering , University of Dayton , Dayton , Ohio 45469 , United States
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29
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Quhe R, Liu J, Wu J, Yang J, Wang Y, Li Q, Li T, Guo Y, Yang J, Peng H, Lei M, Lu J. High-performance sub-10 nm monolayer Bi 2O 2Se transistors. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:532-540. [PMID: 30543242 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr08852g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A successful two-dimensional (2D) semiconductor successor of silicon for high-performance logic in the post-silicon era should have both excellent performance and air stability. However, air-stable 2D semiconductors with high performance were quite elusive until the air-stable Bi2O2Se with high electron mobility was fabricated very recently (J. Wu, H. Yuan, M. Meng, C. Chen, Y. Sun, Z. Chen, W. Dang, C. Tan, Y. Liu, J. Yin, Y. Zhou, S. Huang, H. Q. Xu, Y. Cui, H. Y. Hwang, Z. Liu, Y. Chen, B. Yan and H. Peng, Nat. Nanotechnol., 2017, 12, 530). Herein, we predict the performance limit of the monolayer (ML) Bi2O2Se metal oxide semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs) by using ab initio quantum transport simulation at the sub-10 nm gate length. The on-current, delay time, and power-delay product of the optimized n- and p-type ML Bi2O2Se MOSFETs can reach or nearly reach the high performance requirements of the International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors (ITRS) until the gate lengths are scaled down to 2 and 3 nm, respectively. The large on-currents of the n- and p-type ML Bi2O2Se MOSFETs are attributed to either the large effective carrier velocity (n-type) or the large density of states near the valence band maximum and special shape of the band structure (p-type). A new avenue is thus opened for the continuation of Moore's law down to 2-3 nm by utilizing ML Bi2O2Se as the channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruge Quhe
- State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications and School of Science, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, P. R. China.
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Zhang Q, Li X, Wang T, Geng Z, Xia C. Band structure engineering of SnS2/polyphenylene van der Waals heterostructure via interlayer distance and electric field. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:1521-1527. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp06332j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Constructing a van der Waals heterostructure (vdWH) by stacking different two-dimensional (2D) materials has been considered to be an effective strategy to obtain the desired properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- College of Physics and Materials Science
- Henan Normal University
- Xinxiang
- People's Republic of China
| | - Xueping Li
- College of Electronic and Electrical Engineering
- Henan Normal University
- Xinxiang
- People's Republic of China
| | - Tianxing Wang
- College of Physics and Materials Science
- Henan Normal University
- Xinxiang
- People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenduo Geng
- College of Physics and Materials Science
- Henan Normal University
- Xinxiang
- People's Republic of China
| | - Congxin Xia
- College of Physics and Materials Science
- Henan Normal University
- Xinxiang
- People's Republic of China
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31
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Graphene and Other 2D Layered Hybrid Nanomaterial-Based Films: Synthesis, Properties, and Applications. COATINGS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings8120419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
This Special Issue contains a series of reviews and research articles demonstrating actual perspectives and future trends of 2D-based materials for the generation of functional films, coatings, and hybrid interfaces with controlled morphology and structure.
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Dago AI, Ryu YK, Palomares FJ, Garcia R. Direct Patterning of p-Type-Doped Few-layer WSe 2 Nanoelectronic Devices by Oxidation Scanning Probe Lithography. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:40054-40061. [PMID: 30418740 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b15937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Direct, robust, and high-resolution patterning methods are needed to downscale the lateral size of two-dimensional materials to observe new properties and optimize the overall processing of these materials. In this work, we report a fabrication process where the initial microchannel of a few-layer WSe2 field-effect transistor is treated by oxygen plasma to form a self-limited oxide layer on top of the flake. This thin oxide layer has a double role here. First, it induces the so-called p-doping effect in the device. Second, it enables the fabrication of oxide nanoribbons with controlled width and depth by oxidation scanning probe lithography (o-SPL). After the removal of the oxides by deionized H2O etching, a nanoribbon-based field-effect transistor is produced. Oxidation SPL is a direct writing technique that minimizes the use of resists and lithographic steps. We have applied this process to fabricate a 5 nm thick WSe2 field-effect transistor, where the channel consists in an array of 5 parallel 350 nm half-pitch nanoribbons. The electrical measurements show that the device presents an improved conduction level compared to the starting thin-layer transistor and a positive threshold voltage shift associated to the p-doping treatment. The method enables to pattern devices with sub-50 nm feature sizes. We have patterned an array of 10 oxide nanowires with 36 nm half-pitch by oxidation SPL.
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Affiliation(s)
- A I Dago
- Materials Science Factory , Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, CSIC , c/Sor Juana Ines de la Cruz 3 , 28049 Madrid , Spain
| | - Y K Ryu
- Materials Science Factory , Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, CSIC , c/Sor Juana Ines de la Cruz 3 , 28049 Madrid , Spain
| | - F J Palomares
- Materials Science Factory , Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, CSIC , c/Sor Juana Ines de la Cruz 3 , 28049 Madrid , Spain
| | - R Garcia
- Materials Science Factory , Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, CSIC , c/Sor Juana Ines de la Cruz 3 , 28049 Madrid , Spain
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Abadillo-Uriel JC, Koiller B, Calderón MJ. Two-dimensional semiconductors pave the way towards dopant-based quantum computing. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 9:2668-2673. [PMID: 30416918 PMCID: PMC6204835 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.9.249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Since the proposal in 1998 to build a quantum computer using dopants in silicon as qubits, much progress has been made in the nanofabrication of semiconductors and the control of charge and spins in single dopants. However, an important problem remains unsolved, namely the control over exchange interactions and tunneling between two donors, which presents a peculiar oscillatory behavior as the dopants relative positions vary at the scale of the lattice parameter. Such behavior is due to the valley degeneracy in the conduction band of silicon, and does not occur when the conduction-band edge is at k = 0. We investigate the possibility of circumventing this problem by using two-dimensional (2D) materials as hosts. Dopants in 2D systems are more tightly bound and potentially easier to position and manipulate. Moreover, many of them present the conduction band minimum at k = 0, thus no exchange or tunnel coupling oscillations. Considering the properties of currently available 2D semiconductor materials, we access the feasibility of such a proposal in terms of quantum manipulability of isolated dopants (for single qubit operations) and dopant pairs (for two-qubit operations). Our results indicate that a wide variety of 2D materials may perform at least as well as, and possibly better, than the currently studied bulk host materials for donor qubits.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Carlos Abadillo-Uriel
- Materials Science Factory, Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM-CSIC), Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Belita Koiller
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Caixa Postal 68528, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-972, Brazil
| | - María José Calderón
- Materials Science Factory, Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM-CSIC), Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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Hao J, Zhang D, Sun Q, Zheng S, Sun J, Wang Y. Hierarchical SnS 2/SnO 2 nanoheterojunctions with increased active-sites and charge transfer for ultrasensitive NO 2 detection. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:7210-7217. [PMID: 29623333 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr01379a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
SnS2 nanosheets with unique properties are excellent candidate materials for fabricating high-performance NO2 gas sensors. However, serious restacking and aggregation during sensor fabrication have greatly impacted the sensing response. In this study, flower-like hierarchical SnS2 was prepared by a simple microwave method and partially thermally oxidized to form hierarchical SnS2/SnO2 nanocomposites to further improve the sensing performance at low operating temperature. The fabricated SnS2/SnO2 sensor exhibited ultrahigh response (resistance ratio = 51.1) toward 1 ppm NO2 at 100 °C, roughly 10.2 times higher than that of pure SnS2 nanoflowers. The excellent and enhanced NO2 sensing performances of hierarchical SnS2/SnO2 nanocomposites were attributed to the novel hierarchical structure of SnS2 and the nanoheterojunction between SnS2 and the ultrafine SnO2 nanoparticles. The SnS2/SnO2 sensors also exhibited excellent selectivity and reliable repeatability. The simple fabrication of high performance sensing materials may facilitate the large-scale production of NO2 gas sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanyuan Hao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, P. R. China.
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Samadi M, Sarikhani N, Zirak M, Zhang H, Zhang HL, Moshfegh AZ. Group 6 transition metal dichalcogenide nanomaterials: synthesis, applications and future perspectives. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2018; 3:90-204. [PMID: 32254071 DOI: 10.1039/c7nh00137a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Group 6 transition metal dichalcogenides (G6-TMDs), most notably MoS2, MoSe2, MoTe2, WS2 and WSe2, constitute an important class of materials with a layered crystal structure. Various types of G6-TMD nanomaterials, such as nanosheets, nanotubes and quantum dot nano-objects and flower-like nanostructures, have been synthesized. High thermodynamic stability under ambient conditions, even in atomically thin form, made nanosheets of these inorganic semiconductors a valuable asset in the existing library of two-dimensional (2D) materials, along with the well-known semimetallic graphene and insulating hexagonal boron nitride. G6-TMDs generally possess an appropriate bandgap (1-2 eV) which is tunable by size and dimensionality and changes from indirect to direct in monolayer nanosheets, intriguing for (opto)electronic, sensing, and solar energy harvesting applications. Moreover, rich intercalation chemistry and abundance of catalytically active edge sites make them promising for fabrication of novel energy storage devices and advanced catalysts. In this review, we provide an overview on all aspects of the basic science, physicochemical properties and characterization techniques as well as all existing production methods and applications of G6-TMD nanomaterials in a comprehensive yet concise treatment. Particular emphasis is placed on establishing a linkage between the features of production methods and the specific needs of rapidly growing applications of G6-TMDs to develop a production-application selection guide. Based on this selection guide, a framework is suggested for future research on how to bridge existing knowledge gaps and improve current production methods towards technological application of G6-TMD nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morasae Samadi
- Department of Physics, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran 11155-9161, Iran.
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Yeh YT, Tang Y, Lin Z, Fujisawa K, Lei Y, Zhou Y, Rotella C, Elías AL, Zheng SY, Mao Y, Liu Z, Lu H, Terrones M. Light-Emitting Transition Metal Dichalcogenide Monolayers under Cellular Digestion. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:1703321. [PMID: 29315867 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201703321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
2D materials cover a wide spectrum of electronic properties. Their applications are extended from electronic, optical, and chemical to biological. In terms of biomedical uses of 2D materials, the interactions between living cells and 2D materials are of paramount importance. However, biointerfacial studies are still in their infancy. This work studies how living organisms interact with transition metal dichalcogenide monolayers. For the first time, cellular digestion of tungsten disulfide (WS2 ) monolayers is observed. After digestion, cells intake WS2 and become fluorescent. In addition, these light-emitting cells are not only viable, but also able to pass fluorescent signals to their progeny cells after cell division. By combining synthesis of 2D materials and a cell culturing technique, a procedure for monitoring the interactions between WS2 monolayers and cells is developed. These observations open up new avenues for developing novel cellular labeling and imaging approaches, thus triggering further studies on interactions between 2D materials and living organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Ting Yeh
- Department of Physics and Center for 2-Dimensional and Layered Materials, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Yi Tang
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Zhong Lin
- Department of Physics and Center for 2-Dimensional and Layered Materials, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Kazunori Fujisawa
- Department of Physics and Center for 2-Dimensional and Layered Materials, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Yu Lei
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Yijing Zhou
- Department of Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Christopher Rotella
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Ana Laura Elías
- Department of Physics and Center for 2-Dimensional and Layered Materials, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Si-Yang Zheng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Yingwei Mao
- Department of Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Zhiwen Liu
- Department of Electrical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Huaguang Lu
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Mauricio Terrones
- Department of Physics and Center for 2-Dimensional and Layered Materials, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
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Anichini C, Czepa W, Pakulski D, Aliprandi A, Ciesielski A, Samorì P. Chemical sensing with 2D materials. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 47:4860-4908. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00417j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 342] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
During the last decade, two-dimensional materials (2DMs) have attracted great attention due to their unique chemical and physical properties, which make them appealing platforms for diverse applications in sensing of gas, metal ions as well as relevant chemical entities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Włodzimierz Czepa
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Adam Mickiewicz University
- 61614 Poznań
- Poland
- Centre for Advanced Technologies
| | | | | | | | - Paolo Samorì
- Université de Strasbourg
- CNRS
- ISIS
- 67000 Strasbourg
- France
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Singh R, Singh E, Nalwa HS. Inkjet printed nanomaterial based flexible radio frequency identification (RFID) tag sensors for the internet of nano things. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra07191d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The Internet of Things (IoT) has limitless possibilities for applications in the entire spectrum of our daily lives, from healthcare to automobiles to public safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravina Singh
- Haas School of Business
- University of California at Berkeley
- Berkeley
- USA
| | - Eric Singh
- Department of Computer Science
- Stanford University
- Stanford
- USA
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