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Lan L, Zhang H. Maneuverability and Processability of Molecular Crystals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202411405. [PMID: 38988192 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202411405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Crystal adaptronics, a burgeoning field at the intersection of materials science and engineering, focuses on harnessing the unique properties of organic molecular crystals to achieve unprecedented levels of maneuverability and processability in various applications. Increasingly, ordered stacks of crystalline materials are being endowed with fascinating mechanical compliance changes in response to external environments. Understanding how these crystals can be manipulated and tailored for specific functions has become paramount in the pursuit of advanced materials with customizable properties. Simultaneously, the processability of organic molecular crystals plays a pivotal role in shaping their utility in real-world applications. From growth methodologies to fabrication techniques, the ability to precisely machine these crystals opens new avenues for engineering materials with enhanced functionality. These processing methods enhance the versatility of organic crystals, allowing their integration into various devices and technologies, and further expanding the potential applications. This review aims to provide a concise overview of the current landscape in the study of dynamic organic molecular crystals, with an emphasis on the interconnected themes of operability and processability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linfeng Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
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2
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Choi W, Kim YE, Yoo H. Patterning of Organic Semiconductors Leads to Functional Integration: From Unit Device to Integrated Electronics. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:2613. [PMID: 39339077 PMCID: PMC11435555 DOI: 10.3390/polym16182613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2024] [Revised: 08/31/2024] [Accepted: 09/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
The use of organic semiconductors in electronic devices, including transistors, sensors, and memories, unlocks innovative possibilities such as streamlined fabrication processes, enhanced mechanical flexibility, and potential new applications. Nevertheless, the increasing technical demand for patterning organic semiconductors requires greater integration and functional implementation. This paper overviews recent efforts to pattern organic semiconductors compatible with electronic devices. The review categorizes the contributions of organic semiconductor patterning approaches, such as surface-grafting polymers, capillary force lithography, wettability, evaporation, and diffusion in organic semiconductor-based transistors and sensors, offering a timely perspective on unconventional approaches to enable the patterning of organic semiconductors with a strong focus on the advantages of organic semiconductor utilization. In addition, this review explores the opportunities and challenges of organic semiconductor-based integration, emphasizing the issues related to patterning and interconnection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wangmyung Choi
- Department of Semiconductor Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeo Eun Kim
- Department of Semiconductor Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Hocheon Yoo
- Department of Semiconductor Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea
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3
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Yang Y, Jin Q, Yin S. Development of an anisotropic polarizable model for the all-atom AMOEBA force field. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:22900-22911. [PMID: 39169824 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp01568a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
For planar and rigid π-conjugated molecular systems, electrostatic and inductive interactions are pivotal in governing molecular packing structures and electron polarization energies. These electrostatic interactions typically exhibit an anisotropic nature within π-conjugated systems. In this study, we utilize the atoms in molecules (AIM) theory in conjunction with linear response theory to decompose molecular polarizability into distributed atomic polarizability tensors. On the basis of atomic polarizability tensors, we extended an anisotropic polarizable model into the AMOEBA polarizable force field. Both anisotropic and isotropic polarizable models in combination with various density functional theory (DFT)-derived atomic multipoles were applied to optimize the experimental crystals of naphthalene and anthracene. Furthermore, these two types of electrostatic models, coupled with the evolutionary algorithm USPEX program, are utilized to predict the crystal structures of oligoacenes. Our findings demonstrate that the anisotropic polarizable model exhibits superior performance in crystal refinement and crystal structure prediction. This enriched anisotropic polarizable model is seamlessly integrated into the AMOEBA polarizable force field and readily applicable within our modified Tinker program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Yang
- Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an City 710119, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qianqian Jin
- Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an City 710119, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shiwei Yin
- Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an City 710119, People's Republic of China.
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4
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Zojer E. Electrostatically Designing Materials and Interfaces. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2406178. [PMID: 39194368 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202406178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Collective electrostatic effects arise from the superposition of electrostatic potentials of periodically arranged (di)polar entities and are known to crucially impact the electronic structures of hybrid interfaces. Here, it is discussed, how they can be used outside the beaten paths of materials design for realizing systems with advanced and sometimes unprecedented properties. The versatility of the approach is demonstrated by applying electrostatic design not only to metal-organic interfaces and adsorbed (complex) monolayers, but also to inter-layer interfaces in van der Waals heterostructures, to polar metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), and to the cylindrical pores of covalent organic frameworks (COFs). The presented design ideas are straightforward to simulate and especially for metal-organic interfaces also their experimental implementation has been amply demonstrated. For van der Waals heterostructures, the needed building blocks are available, while the required assembly approaches are just being developed. Conversely, for MOFs the necessary growth techniques exist, but more work on advanced linker molecules is required. Finally, COF structures exist that contain pores decorated with polar groups, but the electrostatic impact of these groups has been largely ignored so far. All this suggest that the dawn of the age of electrostatic design is currently experienced with potential breakthroughs lying ahead.
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Affiliation(s)
- Egbert Zojer
- Institute of Solid State Physics, NAWI Graz, Petersgasse 16, Graz, A-8010, Austria
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5
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Niu X, Zhang Q, Dang Y, Hu W, Sun Y. MolPackL: Quantification and Interpretation of Intermolecular Interactions Driven by Molecular Packing. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:24075-24084. [PMID: 39141522 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c08132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
In organic optoelectronic devices, the properties of the aggregated organic materials depend not only on individual molecules or monomers but also significantly on their packing modes. Different from their inorganic counterparts linked by explicit covalent bonds, organic solids exhibit intricate and numerous intermolecular interactions (IMIs). Due to the intrinsic complexity and disorder of IMIs, identifying and understanding them is a formidable challenge in experimental, theoretical, and data-driven approaches. In this work, we constructed an innovative algorithm framework, Molecular Packing Learning (MolPackL), which can accurately quantify elusive IMIs using contact density histograms (CDHs) and efficiently extract intermolecular features for further property prediction of organic solids. It performs satisfactorily in training predictive models of IMI-related properties in molecular crystals. Particularly, the band gap predictive model based on MolPackL achieved the best-reported performance, with an MAE of 0.20 eV and an impressive R2 of 0.92. Class activation mapping (CAM) visually demonstrates MolPackL's accurate identification of effective interaction sites as the molecular packing changes. What is more, the elemental importance analysis verified that the superior score benefits from MolPackL's ability to comprehensively consider multiple influencing factors of IMIs. In summary, MolPackL provides a new framework for quantitative assessment and understanding of the effect of IMIs. The development of MolPackL marks a significant advancement in establishing predictive models of molecular aggregates, deepening the comprehension of IMIs on the material properties. Given the superior performance, we believe that MolPackL will also become a powerful tool in the design of high-performance organic optoelectronic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Niu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P.R. China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P.R. China
| | - Yanfeng Dang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P.R. China
| | - Wenping Hu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P.R. China
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, Fuzhou 350207, P.R. China
| | - Yajing Sun
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P.R. China
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Casalegno M, Provenzano S, Raos G, Moret M. Exploring the phase behavior of C8-BTBT-C8 at ambient and high temperatures: insights and challenges from molecular dynamics simulations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:21990-22005. [PMID: 39109422 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp01884b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
C8-BTBT-C8 is one promising candidate for the development of high-performance electronic devices based on thin-film technologies. Its monoclinic polymorph has a well-established role in thin-film growth. Yet, quite little information is available about its dynamics on the molecular scale, and the structures of the mesophases which form at high temperature (about 100 K above ambient temperature). The present study is devoted to the analysis of such phases, with the ultimate goal of developing molecular models. Already at ambient temperature, our molecular dynamics simulations reveal a rich conformational behavior of the alkyl side chains, with gauche conformations as leading structural defects. Heating promotes the formation of a stacking faulted mesophase (380 K), and a smectic phase, at 385 K, upon side chain melting. Although more disordered, this phase bears several analogies with the smectic A phase, experimentally observed at 382.5 K. At higher temperatures, the increase in configurational disorder is brought by molecular diffusion and other phenomena, finally leading to an isotropic molten phase. Our in-depth analysis, complemented by hot-stage polarizing microscopy data, provides interesting insights into this material, highlighting the challenges associated with the modeling of soft semiconducting systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mosè Casalegno
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, via L. Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milano, Italy.
| | | | - Guido Raos
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, via L. Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milano, Italy.
| | - Massimo Moret
- Department of Materials Science, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Via R. Cozzi 55, 20125 Milano, Italy.
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7
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Liang Q, Ma X, Ren J, An C, Gu C, Liao B, Liao Q. Molecular Orientation-Dependent Photonic Polarization Engineering in Organic Single-Crystal-Filled Microcavities. J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:7533-7538. [PMID: 39023140 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.4c01178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Designing the polarization degree of freedom of light is crucial in many fields and has widespread application in, for example, all-optical circuits. In this work, we find that in an organic microcavity filled with anisotropic single crystals the cavity modes can be modulated to be elliptically polarized, i.e., partially circularly polarized and partially linearly polarized. The circular polarization component originates from the Rashba-Dresselhaus spin splitting, while the linear polarization component is due to the dislocation of linearly polarized modes. The dislocation of the linear polarizations is ascribed to the orientation of individual molecules and the molecular packing arrangement; hence, the linear polarizations can be controlled by properly structuring the molecular distributions. Our results pave the way for enriching and engineering the polarization properties of individual optical cavity modes in organic microstructures, which may favor the development of polarized lasers with various polarizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Liang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuekai Ma
- Department of Physics and Center for Optoelectronics and Photonics Paderborn (CeOPP), Universität Paderborn, Warburger Strasse 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany
| | - Jiahuan Ren
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Optic-Electronic Information Materials, College of Physics Science and Technology, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, P. R. China
| | - Cunbin An
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunling Gu
- Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Bo Liao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
| | - Qing Liao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
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Zhao Y, Huang X, Si Y, Zheng L, Chen H, Zhao J, Luo F, Zhang J, Chen P, Peng X. Additive-Assisted Forming High-Quality Thin Films of Sn-Oxo Cluster for Nanopatterning. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024. [PMID: 39047062 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c06230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Recently, metal-oxo clusters (MOCs) have attracted significant interest in fabricating nanoscale patterns in semiconductors via lithography. However, many MOCs are highly crystalline, making it difficult for them to form films and hindering subsequent nanopatterning processes. In this study, we developed a novel and simple method to enhance the film-forming ability of aromatic tetranuclear Sn-oxo clusters by adding additives. Theoretical calculations and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) analysis revealed the formation of intermolecular hydrogen bonds between the Sn-oxo clusters and additives, which induced a crystal-gel phase transition at -20 °C, thereby inhibiting the easy crystallization of the Sn-oxo clusters. High-quality and uniform thin films with surface roughness below 0.3 nm were prepared via spin coating. The obtained thin films exhibited good lithographic performance under deep ultraviolet (DUV), electron beam, and extreme-ultraviolet irradiation without a photo acid generator/photoinitiator, and 13- and 21 nm-wide line patterns were obtained on the films via electron-beam and extreme-ultraviolet lithographies. This study will pave the way for the further investigation of novel MOCs for advanced lithography and other thin-film applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingdong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Xinyan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Youming Si
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Lingfeng Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Hao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Jun Zhao
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Feng Luo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- School of Microelectronics, Shanghai University, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Pengzhong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Xiaojun Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
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Li F, Zhou J, Zhang J, Zhao J. Research and Progress on Organic Semiconductor Power Devices. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:3362. [PMID: 38998442 PMCID: PMC11243007 DOI: 10.3390/ma17133362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Organic semiconductor power devices have been attracting increasing attention due to their advantages such as flexibility, low fabrication cost, and sustainability. They have found wide applications in fields such as flexible electronic devices and biomedical devices. However, in the field of power applications, the lack of reliable organic semiconductor power devices is mainly attributed to the limited thermal stability and electrical stability of organic materials. This article provides a detailed review of the development status of organic semiconductor power devices from three aspects: device structure, organic materials, and fabrication methods. It clarifies that the future development goal is to enhance the voltage resistance and thermal stability of organic transistors through higher-performance structure design, higher-mobility materials, and higher-quality fabrication methods. The continuous innovation and development of the structures, materials, and fabrication of these devices will generate more novel devices, offering more possibilities for the application of organic semiconductor power devices. This information is of great reference value and guidance significance for engineers in related fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyi Li
- School of Internet of Things, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jiayi Zhou
- Shanghai Qingwei Intelligent Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- College of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jiang Zhao
- College of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
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Ye GD, Ding R, Li SH, Ni L, Dai ST, Chen NK, Liu YF, Guo R, Wang L, Li XB, Xu B, Feng J. Single-crystalline hole-transporting layers for efficient and stable organic light-emitting devices. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2024; 13:136. [PMID: 38849359 PMCID: PMC11161501 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-024-01484-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Efficient charge-carrier injection and transport in organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs) are essential to simultaneously achieving their high efficiency and long-term stability. However, the charge-transporting layers (CTLs) deposited by various vapor or solution processes are usually in amorphous forms, and their low charge-carrier mobilities, defect-induced high trap densities and inhomogeneous thickness with rough surface morphologies have been obstacles towards high-performance devices. Here, organic single-crystalline (SC) films were employed as the hole-transporting layers (HTLs) instead of the conventional amorphous films to fabricate highly efficient and stable OLEDs. The high-mobility and ultrasmooth morphology of the SC-HTLs facilitate superior interfacial characteristics of both HTL/electrode and HTL/emissive layer interfaces, resulting in a high Haacke's figure of merit (FoM) of the ultrathin top electrode and low series-resistance joule-heat loss ratio of the SC-OLEDs. Moreover, the thick and compact SC-HTL can function as a barrier layer against moisture and oxygen permeation. As a result, the SC-OLEDs show much improved efficiency and stability compared to the OLEDs based on amorphous or polycrystalline HTLs, suggesting a new strategy to developing advanced OLEDs with high efficiency and high stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gao-Da Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, 130012, Changchun, China
| | - Ran Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, 130012, Changchun, China.
| | - Su-Heng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, 130012, Changchun, China
| | - Lei Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, 130012, Changchun, China
| | - Shu-Ting Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Supermolecular Structures and Materials, The Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, 130012, Changchun, China
| | - Nian-Ke Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, 130012, Changchun, China
| | - Yue-Feng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, 130012, Changchun, China
| | - Runda Guo
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, China
| | - Xian-Bin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, 130012, Changchun, China
| | - Bin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Supermolecular Structures and Materials, The Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, 130012, Changchun, China
| | - Jing Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, 130012, Changchun, China.
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Sun Y, Shi X, Yu Y, Zhang Z, Wu M, Rao L, Dong Y, Zhang J, Zou Y, You S, Liu J, Lei M, Liu C, Jiang L. Low Contact Resistance Organic Single-Crystal Transistors with Band-Like Transport Based on 2,6-Bis-Phenylethynyl-Anthracene. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2400112. [PMID: 38500296 PMCID: PMC11165518 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202400112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Contact resistance has become one of the main bottlenecks that hinder further improvement of mobility and integration density of organic field-effect transistors (OFETs). Much progress has been made in reducing contact resistance by modifying the electrode/semiconductor interface and decreasing the crystal thickness, however, the development of new organic semiconductor materials with low contact resistance still faces many challenges. Here, 2,6-bis-phenylethynyl-anthracene (BPEA) is found, which is a material that combines high mobility with low contact resistance. Single-crystal BEPA OFETs with a thickness of ≈20 nm demonstrated high mobility of 4.52 cm2 V-1 s-1, contact resistance as low as 335 Ω cm, and band-like charge transport behavior. The calculated compatibility of the EHOMO of BPEA with the work function of the Au electrode, and the decreased |EHOMO-ΦAu| with the increase of external electric field intensity from source to gate both contributed to the efficient charge injection and small contact resistance. More intriguingly, p-type BPEA as a buffer layer can effectively reduce the contact resistance, improve the mobility, and meanwhile inhibit the double-slope electrical behavior of p-channel 2,6-diphenyl anthracene (DPA) single-crystal OFETs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Sun
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesKey Laboratory of Organic SolidsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
- University of the Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Xiaosong Shi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesKey Laboratory of Organic SolidsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
- University of the Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Yamin Yu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesKey Laboratory of Organic SolidsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
- State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications and School of ScienceBeijing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsBeijing100876China
| | - Zhilei Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesKey Laboratory of Organic SolidsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
- University of the Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Miao Wu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesKey Laboratory of Organic SolidsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
- University of the Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Limei Rao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesKey Laboratory of Organic SolidsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
- University of the Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Yicai Dong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesKey Laboratory of Organic SolidsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesKey Laboratory of Organic SolidsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
| | - Ye Zou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesKey Laboratory of Organic SolidsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
| | - Shengyong You
- Institute of Applied ChemistryJiangxi Academy of SciencesNanchang330096China
| | - Jie Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesKey Laboratory of Organic SolidsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
| | - Ming Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications and School of ScienceBeijing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsBeijing100876China
| | - Chuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and TechnologiesGuangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and TechnologySchool of Physics and EngineeringSchool of MicroelectronicsSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510275China
| | - Lang Jiang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesKey Laboratory of Organic SolidsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
- University of the Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
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12
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Pan C, Chu L, Liu T, Xu ZJ, Wang L, Han J. Palladium-Catalyzed Triple Suzuki-Miyaura Reactions Using Cyclic (Vinyl Triflate)iodonium Salts. Org Lett 2024; 26:4168-4172. [PMID: 38727243 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c00381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
By using cyclic (vinyl triflate)iodonium salts, a novel triple Suzuki-Miyaura reaction was accomplished for the synthesis of polyaromatic ethylene derivatives in the presence of palladium catalysts. The reaction exhibits extensive compatibility with a wide range of readily available arylboronic acids, giving triaryl-substituted ethylenes in good yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Pan
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Department of Fine Chemistry and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Lifeng Chu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Department of Fine Chemistry and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Taiyou Liu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Department of Fine Chemistry and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen-Jiang Xu
- Shanghai-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory in Chemical Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Ling Ling Road, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Limin Wang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Department of Fine Chemistry and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianwei Han
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Department of Fine Chemistry and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China
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Sun M, Zeng CY, Bu LL, Xu M, Chen K, Liu JL, Zhang T, Dai JY, Hong JX, Ding MW. Novel Metal-Free Synthesis of 3-Substituted Isocoumarins and Evaluation of Their Fluorescence Properties for Potential Applications. Molecules 2024; 29:2449. [PMID: 38893325 PMCID: PMC11173990 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29112449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
A novel metal-free synthesis of 3-substituted isocoumarins through a sequential O-acylation/Wittig reaction has been established. The readily accessible (2-carboxybenzyl)-triphenylphosphonium bromide and diverse chlorides produced various 1H-isochromen-1-one in the presence of triethylamine, employing sequential O-acylation and an intramolecular Wittig reaction of acid anhydride. Reactions using these facile conditions have exhibited high functional group tolerance and excellent yields (up to 90%). Moreover, the fluorescence properties of isocoumarin derivatives were evaluated at the theoretical and experimental levels to determine their potential application in fluorescent materials. These derivatives have good photoluminescence in THF with a large Stokes shift and an absolute fluorescence quantum yield of up to 14%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Sun
- School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Huainan Normal University, Huainan 232038, China; (M.S.); (C.-Y.Z.); (L.-L.B.); (M.X.); (K.C.); (J.-L.L.); (T.Z.); (J.-Y.D.)
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Chong-Yang Zeng
- School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Huainan Normal University, Huainan 232038, China; (M.S.); (C.-Y.Z.); (L.-L.B.); (M.X.); (K.C.); (J.-L.L.); (T.Z.); (J.-Y.D.)
| | - Lu-Lu Bu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Huainan Normal University, Huainan 232038, China; (M.S.); (C.-Y.Z.); (L.-L.B.); (M.X.); (K.C.); (J.-L.L.); (T.Z.); (J.-Y.D.)
| | - Mai Xu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Huainan Normal University, Huainan 232038, China; (M.S.); (C.-Y.Z.); (L.-L.B.); (M.X.); (K.C.); (J.-L.L.); (T.Z.); (J.-Y.D.)
| | - Kai Chen
- School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Huainan Normal University, Huainan 232038, China; (M.S.); (C.-Y.Z.); (L.-L.B.); (M.X.); (K.C.); (J.-L.L.); (T.Z.); (J.-Y.D.)
| | - Jia-Lin Liu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Huainan Normal University, Huainan 232038, China; (M.S.); (C.-Y.Z.); (L.-L.B.); (M.X.); (K.C.); (J.-L.L.); (T.Z.); (J.-Y.D.)
| | - Tao Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Huainan Normal University, Huainan 232038, China; (M.S.); (C.-Y.Z.); (L.-L.B.); (M.X.); (K.C.); (J.-L.L.); (T.Z.); (J.-Y.D.)
| | - Jia-You Dai
- School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Huainan Normal University, Huainan 232038, China; (M.S.); (C.-Y.Z.); (L.-L.B.); (M.X.); (K.C.); (J.-L.L.); (T.Z.); (J.-Y.D.)
| | - Jia-Xin Hong
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Ming-Wu Ding
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
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14
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Xu X, Jia K, Qi Q, Tian G, Xiang D. Regulation of π-π interactions between single aromatic molecules by bias voltage. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:14607-14612. [PMID: 38738917 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp01277a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
π-stacking interaction, as a fundamental type of intermolecular interaction, plays a crucial role in generating new functional molecules, altering the optoelectronic properties of materials, and maintaining protein structural stability. However, regulating intermolecular π-π interactions at the single-molecule level without altering the molecular conformation as well as the chemical properties remains a significant challenge. To this end, via conductance measurement with thousands of single molecular junctions employing a series of aromatic molecules, we demonstrate that the π-π coupling between neighboring aromatic molecules with rigid structures in a circuit can be greatly enhanced by increasing the bias voltage. We further reveal that this universal regulating effect of bias voltage without molecular conformational variation originates from the increases of the molecular dipole upon an applied electric field. These findings not only supply a non-destructive method to regulate the intermolecular interactions offering an approach to modulate the electron transport through a single molecular junction, but also deepen the understanding of the mechanism of π-π interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaona Xu
- Center of Single-Molecule Sciences, Institute of Modern Optics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-scale Optical Information Science and Technology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Keqiang Jia
- Center of Single-Molecule Sciences, Institute of Modern Optics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-scale Optical Information Science and Technology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Qiang Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science & Technology and Key Laboratory for Microstructural Material Physics of Hebei Province, School of Science, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, China.
| | - Guangjun Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science & Technology and Key Laboratory for Microstructural Material Physics of Hebei Province, School of Science, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, China.
| | - Dong Xiang
- Center of Single-Molecule Sciences, Institute of Modern Optics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-scale Optical Information Science and Technology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
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15
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Guo L, Hu S, Gu X, Zhang R, Wang K, Yan W, Sun X. Emerging Spintronic Materials and Functionalities. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2301854. [PMID: 37309258 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202301854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The explosive growth of the information era has put forward urgent requirements for ultrahigh-speed and extremely efficient computations. In direct contrary to charge-based computations, spintronics aims to use spins as information carriers for data storage, transmission, and decoding, to help fully realize electronic device miniaturization and high integration for next-generation computing technologies. Currently, many novel spintronic materials have been developed with unique properties and multifunctionalities, including organic semiconductors (OSCs), organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites (OIHPs), and 2D materials (2DMs). These materials are useful to fulfill the demand for developing diverse and advanced spintronic devices. Herein, these promising materials are systematically reviewed for advanced spintronic applications. Due to the distinct chemical and physical structures of OSCs, OIHPs, and 2DMs, their spintronic properties (spin transport and spin manipulation) are discussed separately. In addition, some multifunctionalities due to photoelectric and chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS) are overviewed, including the spin-filter effect, spin-photovoltaics, spin-light emitting devices, and spin-transistor functions. Subsequently, challenges and future perspectives of using these multifunctional materials for the development of advanced spintronics are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Shunhua Hu
- Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xianrong Gu
- Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Kai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Ministry of Education, School of Physical Science and Engineering, Institute of Optoelectronics Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, P. R. China
| | - Wenjing Yan
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG9 2RD, UK
| | - Xiangnan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
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16
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Nikulshin PV, Makarov AY, Koskin IP, Becker CS, Kazantsev MS, Beckmann J, Balmohammadi Y, Grabowsky S, Mebs S, Naumova OV, Protasov DY, Svit KA, Irtegova IG, Radiush EA, Bagryanskaya IY, Shundrin LA, Zibarev AV. 1,2,3,4-Tetrafluorobiphenylene: A Prototype Janus-Headed Scaffold for Ambipolar Materials. Chempluschem 2024; 89:e202300692. [PMID: 38052725 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202300692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
The title compound was synthesized by Ullmann cross-coupling in low yield as the first representative of [n]phenylene containing hydrocarbon and fluorocarbon rings. Stille/Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reactions, as well as substitution of fluorine in suitable starting compounds, failed to give the same product. The geometric and electronic structures of the title compound were studied by X-ray diffraction, cyclic voltammetry and density functional theory calculations, together with Hirshfeld surface and reduced density gradient analyses. The crystal structure features head-to-tail π-stacking and other fluorine-related secondary bonding interactions. From the nucleus-independent chemical shifts descriptor, the four-membered ring of the title compound is antiaromatic, and the six-membered rings are aromatic. The Janus molecule is highly polarized; and the six-membered fluoro- and hydrocarbon rings are Lewis π-acidic and π-basic, respectively. The electrochemically-generated radical cation of the title compound is long-lived as characterized by electron paramagnetic resonance, whereas the radical anion is unstable in solution. The title compound reveals electrical properties of an insulator. On expanding its molecular scaffold towards partially fluorinated [n]phenylenes (n≥2), the properties presumably can be transformed into those of semiconductors. In this context, the title compound is suggested as a prototype scaffold for ambipolar materials for organic electronics and spintronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel V Nikulshin
- Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Current address: Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander Yu Makarov
- Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Igor P Koskin
- Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Christina S Becker
- Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Maxim S Kazantsev
- Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Jens Beckmann
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry and Crystallography, University of Bremen, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Yaser Balmohammadi
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Science, University of Bern, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Simon Grabowsky
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Science, University of Bern, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Mebs
- Institute for Experimental Physics, Free University of Berlin, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Olga V Naumova
- Rzhanov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Dmitry Yu Protasov
- Rzhanov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Kirill A Svit
- Rzhanov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Irina G Irtegova
- Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Ekaterina A Radiush
- Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Irina Yu Bagryanskaya
- Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Leonid A Shundrin
- Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Andrey V Zibarev
- Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
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17
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Wei C, Li L, Zheng Y, Wang L, Ma J, Xu M, Lin J, Xie L, Naumov P, Ding X, Feng Q, Huang W. Flexible molecular crystals for optoelectronic applications. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:3687-3713. [PMID: 38411997 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00116d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
The cornerstones of the advancement of flexible optoelectronics are the design, preparation, and utilization of novel materials with favorable mechanical and advanced optoelectronic properties. Molecular crystalline materials have emerged as a class of underexplored yet promising materials due to the reduced grain boundaries and defects anticipated to provide enhanced photoelectric characteristics. An inherent drawback that has precluded wider implementation of molecular crystals thus far, however, has been their brittleness, which renders them incapable of ensuring mechanical compliance required for even simple elastic or plastic deformation of the device. It is perplexing that despite a plethora of reports that have in the meantime become available underpinning the flexibility of molecular crystals, the "discovery" of elastically or plastically deformable crystals remains limited to cases of serendipitous and laborious trial-and-error approaches, a situation that calls for a systematic and thorough assessment of these properties and their correlation with the structure. This review provides a comprehensive and concise overview of the current understanding of the origins of crystal flexibility, the working mechanisms of deformations such as plastic and elastic bending behaviors, and insights into the examples of flexible molecular crystals, specifically concerning photoelectronic changes that occur in deformed crystals. We hope this summary will provide a reference for future experimental and computational efforts with flexible molecular crystals aimed towards improving their mechanical behavior and optoelectronic properties, ultimately intending to advance the flexible optoelectronic technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanxin Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China.
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China.
| | - Liang Li
- Smart Materials Lab, New York University Abu Dhabi, PO Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Yingying Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China.
| | - Lizhi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China.
| | - Jingyao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Man Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Jinyi Lin
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China.
| | - Linghai Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China.
- School of Flexible Electronics (SoFE) and Henan Institute of Flexible Electronics (HIFE), Henan University, 379 Mingli Road, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Panče Naumov
- Smart Materials Lab, New York University Abu Dhabi, PO Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
- Center for Smart Engineering Materials, New York University Abu Dhabi, PO Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Research Center for Environment and Materials, Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Bul. Krste Misirkov 2, Skopje MK-1000, Macedonia
- Molecular Design Institute, Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | - Xuehua Ding
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China.
| | - Quanyou Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Wei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China.
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China.
- School of Flexible Electronics (SoFE) and Henan Institute of Flexible Electronics (HIFE), Henan University, 379 Mingli Road, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE), MIIT Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an 710072, China
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18
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Yuhara K, Tanaka K. The Photosalient Effect and Thermochromic Luminescence Based on o-Carborane-Assisted π-Stacking in the Crystalline State. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202319712. [PMID: 38339862 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202319712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we report the unique multiple-stimuli responsiveness of anthracene-tethered o-carborane derivatives. We designed and synthesized anthracene derivatives with different substitution positions and numbers of the o-carborane units. Two compounds had characteristic crystal structures involving the columnar π-stacking structures of the anthracene units. From the analysis of crystalline-state structure-property relationships, it was revealed that the crystals exhibited the photosalient effect accompanied by photochemical [4+4] cycloaddition reactions and temperature-dependent photophysical dual-emission properties including excimer emission of anthracene. Those properties were considered as non-radiative and radiative deactivation pathways through the excimer formation in the excited state and the formation of excimer species was facilitated by the π-stacking structure of anthracene units. Moreover, we found unusual temperature dependency on the occurrence of the photosalient effect. According to the data from variable temperature X-ray crystallography, a strong correlation between lattice shrinkage and strain accumulation is suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Yuhara
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
| | - Kazuo Tanaka
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
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19
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Lu B, Stolte M, Liu D, Zhang X, Zhao L, Tian L, Frisbie CD, Würthner F, Tao X, He T. High Sensitivity and Ultra-Broad-Range NH 3 Sensor Arrays by Precise Control of Step Defects on The Surface of Cl 2-Ndi Single Crystals. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2308036. [PMID: 38308194 PMCID: PMC11005746 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202308036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Vapor sensors with both high sensitivity and broad detection range are technically challenging yet highly desirable for widespread chemical sensing applications in diverse environments. Generally, an increased surface-to-volume ratio can effectively enhance the sensitivity to low concentrations, but often with the trade-off of a constrained sensing range. Here, an approach is demonstrated for NH3 sensor arrays with an unprecedentedly broad sensing range by introducing controllable steps on the surface of an n-type single crystal. Step edges, serving as adsorption sites with electron-deficient properties, are well-defined, discrete, and electronically active. NH3 molecules selectively adsorb at the step edges and nearly eliminate known trap-like character, which is demonstrated by surface potential imaging. Consequently, the strategy can significantly boost the sensitivity of two-terminal NH3 resistance sensors on thin crystals with a few steps while simultaneously enhancing the tolerance on thick crystals with dense steps. Incorporation of these crystals into parallel sensor arrays results in ppb-to-% level detection range and a convenient linear relation between sheet conductance and semi-log NH3 concentration, allowing for the precise localization of vapor leakage. In general, the results suggest new opportunities for defect engineering of organic semiconductor crystal surfaces for purposeful vapor or chemical sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials and Institute of Crystal MaterialsShandong UniversityJinan250100China
| | - Matthias Stolte
- Universität WürzburgInstitut für Organische Chemie & Center for Nanosystems ChemistryAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Dong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials and Institute of Crystal MaterialsShandong UniversityJinan250100China
| | - Xiaojing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials and Institute of Crystal MaterialsShandong UniversityJinan250100China
| | - Lihui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials and Institute of Crystal MaterialsShandong UniversityJinan250100China
| | - Liehao Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials and Institute of Crystal MaterialsShandong UniversityJinan250100China
| | - C. Daniel Frisbie
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials ScienceUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMinnesota55455USA
| | - Frank Würthner
- Universität WürzburgInstitut für Organische Chemie & Center for Nanosystems ChemistryAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Xutang Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials and Institute of Crystal MaterialsShandong UniversityJinan250100China
| | - Tao He
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials and Institute of Crystal MaterialsShandong UniversityJinan250100China
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20
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Yuan M, Qiu Y, Gao H, Feng J, Jiang L, Wu Y. Molecular Electronics: From Nanostructure Assembly to Device Integration. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:7885-7904. [PMID: 38483827 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c14044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Integrated electronics and optoelectronics based on organic semiconductors have attracted considerable interest in displays, photovoltaics, and biosensing owing to their designable electronic properties, solution processability, and flexibility. Miniaturization and integration of devices are growing trends in molecular electronics and optoelectronics for practical applications, which requires large-scale and versatile assembly strategies for patterning organic micro/nano-structures with simultaneously long-range order, pure orientation, and high resolution. Although various integration methods have been developed in past decades, molecular electronics still needs a versatile platform to avoid defects and disorders due to weak intermolecular interactions in organic materials. In this perspective, a roadmap of organic integration technologies in recent three decades is provided to review the history of molecular electronics. First, we highlight the importance of long-range-ordered molecular packing for achieving exotic electronic and photophysical properties. Second, we classify the strategies for large-scale integration of molecular electronics through the control of nucleation and crystallographic orientation, and evaluate them based on factors of resolution, crystallinity, orientation, scalability, and versatility. Third, we discuss the multifunctional devices and integrated circuits based on organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) and photodetectors. Finally, we explore future research directions and outlines the need for further development of molecular electronics, including assembly of doped organic semiconductors and heterostructures, biological interfaces in molecular electronics and integrated organic logics based on complementary FETs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yuchen Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Hanfei Gao
- Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Jiangang Feng
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
| | - Lei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Yuchen Wu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-Efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China
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21
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Scott JM, Dale SG, McBroom J, Gould T, Li Q. Size Isn't Everything: Geometric Tuning in Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Its Implications for Carbon Nanodots. J Phys Chem A 2024; 128:2003-2014. [PMID: 38470339 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c07416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Recent developments in light-emitting carbon nanodots and molecular organic semiconductors have seen renewed interest in the properties of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) as a family. The networks of delocalized π electrons in sp2-hybridized carbon grant PAHs light-emissive properties right across the visible spectrum. However, the mechanistic understanding of their emission energy has been limited due to the ground state-focused methods of determination. This computational chemistry work, therefore, seeks to validate existing rules and elucidate new features and characteristics of PAHs that influence their emissions. Predictions based on (time-dependent) density functional theory account for the full 3-dimensional electronic structure of ground and excited states and reveal that twisting and near-degeneracies strongly influence emission spectra and may therefore be used to tune the color of PAHs and, hence, carbon nanodots. We particularly note that the influence of twisting goes beyond torsional destabilization of the ground-state and geometric relaxation of the excited state, with a third contribution associated with the electric transition dipole. Symmetries and peri-condensation may also have an effect, but this could not be statistically confirmed. In pursuing this goal, we demonstrate that with minimal changes to molecular size, the entire visible spectrum may be spanned by geometric modification alone; we have also provided a first estimate of emission energy for 35 molecules currently lacking published emission spectra as well as clear guidelines for when more sophisticated computational techniques are required to predict the properties of PAHs accurately.
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Affiliation(s)
- James M Scott
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia
- School of Engineering and Built Environment, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Stephen G Dale
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia
- The Institute for Functional Intelligent Materials (I-FIM), National University of Singapore, 4 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117544, Singapore
| | - James McBroom
- School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Tim Gould
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia
- School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Qin Li
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia
- School of Engineering and Built Environment, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia
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22
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Catacchio M, Caputo M, Sarcina L, Scandurra C, Tricase A, Marchianò V, Macchia E, Bollella P, Torsi L. Spiers Memorial Lecture: Challenges and prospects in organic photonics and electronics. Faraday Discuss 2024; 250:9-42. [PMID: 38380468 DOI: 10.1039/d3fd00152k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
While a substantial amount of research activity has been conducted in fields related to organic photonics and electronics, including the development of devices such as organic field-effect transistors, organic photovoltaics, and organic light-emitting diodes for applications encompassing organic thermoelectrics, organic batteries, excitonic organic materials for photochemical and optoelectronic applications, and organic thermoelectrics, this perspective review will primarily concentrate on the emerging and rapidly expanding domain of organic bioelectronics and neuromorphics. Here we present the most recent research findings on organic transistors capable of sensing biological biomarkers down at the single-molecule level (i.e., oncoproteins, genomes, etc.) for the early diagnosis of pathological states and to mimic biological synapses, paving the way to neuromorphic applications that surpass the limitations of the traditional von Neumann computing architecture. Both organic bioelectronics and neuromorphics exhibit several challenges but will revolutionize human life, considering the development of artificial synapses to counteract neurodegenerative disorders and the development of ultrasensitive biosensors for the early diagnosis of cancer to prevent its development. Moreover, organic bioelectronics for sensing applications have also triggered the development of several wearable, flexible and stretchable biodevices for continuous biomarker monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Catacchio
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Mariapia Caputo
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Lucia Sarcina
- Dipartimento di Chimica and Centre for Colloid and Surface Science, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy.
| | - Cecilia Scandurra
- Dipartimento di Chimica and Centre for Colloid and Surface Science, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy.
| | - Angelo Tricase
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Verdiana Marchianò
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Eleonora Macchia
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Paolo Bollella
- Dipartimento di Chimica and Centre for Colloid and Surface Science, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy.
| | - Luisa Torsi
- Dipartimento di Chimica and Centre for Colloid and Surface Science, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy.
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23
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Yan Q, Kar S, Chowdhury S, Bansil A. The Case for a Defect Genome Initiative. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2303098. [PMID: 38195961 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202303098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
The Materials Genome Initiative (MGI) has streamlined the materials discovery effort by leveraging generic traits of materials, with focus largely on perfect solids. Defects such as impurities and perturbations, however, drive many attractive functional properties of materials. The rich tapestry of charge, spin, and bonding states hosted by defects are not accessible to elements and perfect crystals, and defects can thus be viewed as another class of "elements" that lie beyond the periodic table. Accordingly, a Defect Genome Initiative (DGI) to accelerate functional defect discovery for energy, quantum information, and other applications is proposed. First, major advances made under the MGI are highlighted, followed by a delineation of pathways for accelerating the discovery and design of functional defects under the DGI. Near-term goals for the DGI are suggested. The construction of open defect platforms and design of data-driven functional defects, along with approaches for fabrication and characterization of defects, are discussed. The associated challenges and opportunities are considered and recent advances towards controlled introduction of functional defects at the atomic scale are reviewed. It is hoped this perspective will spur a community-wide interest in undertaking a DGI effort in recognition of the importance of defects in enabling unique functionalities in materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qimin Yan
- Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Swastik Kar
- Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Sugata Chowdhury
- Department of Physics and Astrophysics, Howard University, Washington, DC 20059, USA
| | - Arun Bansil
- Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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24
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Yang X, Al-Handawi MB, Li L, Naumov P, Zhang H. Hybrid and composite materials of organic crystals. Chem Sci 2024; 15:2684-2696. [PMID: 38404393 PMCID: PMC10884791 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc06469g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Organic molecular crystals have historically been viewed as delicate and fragile materials. However, recent studies have revealed that many organic crystals, especially those with high aspect ratios, can display significant flexibility, elasticity, and shape adaptability. The discovery of mechanical compliance in organic crystals has recently enabled their integration with responsive polymers and other components to create novel hybrid and composite materials. These hybrids exhibit unique structure-property relationships and synergistic effects that not only combine, but occasionally also enhance the advantages of the constituent crystals and polymers. Such organic crystal composites rapidly emerge as a promising new class of materials for diverse applications in optics, electronics, sensing, soft robotics, and beyond. While specific, mostly practical challenges remain regarding scalability and manufacturability, being endowed with both structurally ordered and disordered components, the crystal-polymer composite materials set a hitherto unexplored yet very promising platform for the next-generation adaptive devices. This Perspective provides an in-depth analysis of the state-of-the-art in design strategies, dynamic properties and applications of hybrid and composite materials centered on organic crystals. It addresses the current challenges and provides a future outlook on this emerging class of multifunctional, stimuli-responsive, and mechanically robust class of materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuesong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University Changchun 130012 P. R. China
| | - Marieh B Al-Handawi
- Smart Materials Lab, New York University Abu Dhabi PO Box 129188 Abu Dhabi UAE
| | - Liang Li
- Smart Materials Lab, New York University Abu Dhabi PO Box 129188 Abu Dhabi UAE
- Department of Sciences and Engineering, Sorbonne University Abu Dhabi PO Box 38044 Abu Dhabi UAE
| | - Panče Naumov
- Smart Materials Lab, New York University Abu Dhabi PO Box 129188 Abu Dhabi UAE
- Center for Smart Engineering Materials, New York University Abu Dhabi PO Box 129188 Abu Dhabi UAE
- Research Center for Environment and Materials, Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts Bul. Krste Misirkov 2 MK-1000 Skopje Macedonia
- Molecular Design Institute, Department of Chemistry, New York University 100 Washington Square East New York NY 10003 USA
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University Changchun 130012 P. R. China
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25
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Gu X, Zeng R, He T, Zhou G, Li C, Yu N, Han F, Hou Y, Lv J, Zhang M, Zhang J, Wei Z, Tang Z, Zhu H, Cai Y, Long G, Liu F, Zhang X, Huang H. Simple-Structured Acceptor with Highly Interconnected Electron-Transport Pathway Enables High-Efficiency Organic Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2401370. [PMID: 38373399 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202401370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Achieving desirable charge-transport highway is of vital importance for high-performance organic solar cells (OSCs). Here, it is shown how molecular packing arrangements can be regulated via tuning the alkyl-chain topology, thus resulting in a 3D network stacking and highly interconnected pathway for electron transport in a simple-structured nonfused-ring electron acceptor (NFREA) with branched alkyl side-chains. As a result, a record-breaking power conversion efficiency of 17.38% (certificated 16.59%) is achieved for NFREA-based devices, thus providing an opportunity for constructing low-cost and high-efficiency OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobin Gu
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, China
| | - Rui Zeng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, In-situ Center for Physical Science, and Center of Hydrogen Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Tengfei He
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Guanqing Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, In-situ Center for Physical Science, and Center of Hydrogen Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Congqi Li
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, China
| | - Na Yu
- Center for Advanced Low-Dimension Materials State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Fei Han
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, In-situ Center for Physical Science, and Center of Hydrogen Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yuqi Hou
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, China
| | - Jikai Lv
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, In-situ Center for Physical Science, and Center of Hydrogen Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Jianqi Zhang
- Center for Excellence in Nanoscience (CAS), Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication (CAS), National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Zhixiang Wei
- Center for Excellence in Nanoscience (CAS), Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication (CAS), National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Zheng Tang
- Center for Advanced Low-Dimension Materials State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Haiming Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yunhao Cai
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, China
| | - Guankui Long
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Feng Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, In-situ Center for Physical Science, and Center of Hydrogen Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, China
| | - Hui Huang
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, China
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26
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Chen Z, Chen S, Jiang T, Chen S, Jia R, Xiao Y, Pan J, Jie J, Zhang X. A floating-gate field-effect transistor memory device based on organic crystals with a built-in tunneling dielectric by a one-step growth strategy. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:3721-3728. [PMID: 38294087 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr06278c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
A floating-gate organic field-effect transistor (FG-OFET) memory device is becoming a promising candidate for emerging non-volatile memory applications due to the advantages of its sophisticated data-storage mechanism and reliable long-term data retention capacity. However, a conventional FG-OFET memory device suffers from complex fabrication technologies and poor mechanical flexibility, which limits its practical applications. Here, we propose a facile one-step liquid-surface drag coating strategy to fabricate a layered stack of 2,8-difluoro-5,11-bis(triethylsilylethynyl) anthradithiophene (Dif-TES-ADT) crystals and high-quality insulating polymer polystyrene (PS). The liquid surface enhances the spreading area of an organic solution and facilitates the unidirectional growth of organic crystals. In the bilayer-structured blend, the bottom PS polymer and the top Dif-TES-ADT semiconductor serve as a tunneling dielectric and an active memory layer of an FG-OFET memory device, respectively. Consequently, a flexible FG-OFET memory device with a large memory window of 41.4 V, a long retention time of 5000 s, and a high current ON/OFF ratio of 105 could be achieved, showing the best performance ever reported for organic thin film-based FG-OFET memory devices. In addition, multi-level data storage (3 bits per cell) can be achieved by tuning the gate voltage magnitude. Our work not only provides a general strategy for the growth of high-quality organic crystals, but also paves the way towards high-performance flexible memory devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zichen Chen
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China.
| | - Shuai Chen
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China.
| | - Tianhao Jiang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China.
| | - Shuang Chen
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China.
| | - Ruofei Jia
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China.
| | - Yanling Xiao
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China.
| | - Jing Pan
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China.
| | - Jiansheng Jie
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China.
- Macao Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, SAR 999078, P. R. China
| | - Xiujuan Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China.
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27
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Domingues TS, Hussain S, Haji-Akbari A. Divergence among Local Structure, Dynamics, and Nucleation Outcome in Heterogeneous Nucleation of Close-Packed Crystals. J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:1279-1287. [PMID: 38284350 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c03561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Heterogeneous crystal nucleation is the dominant mechanism of crystallization in most systems, yet its underlying physics remains an enigma. While emergent interfacial crystalline order precedes heterogeneous nucleation, its importance in the nucleation mechanism is unclear. Here, we use path sampling simulations of two model systems to demonstrate that crystalline order in its traditional sense is not predictive of the outcome of the heterogeneous nucleation of close-packed crystals. Consequently, structure-based collective variables (CVs) that reliably describe homogeneous nucleation can be poor descriptors of heterogeneous nucleation. This divergence between structure and nucleation outcome is accompanied by an intriguing dynamical anomaly, wherein low-coordinated crystalline particles outpace their liquid-like counterparts. We use committor analysis, high-throughput screening, and machine learning to devise CV optimization strategies and present suitable structural heuristics within the metastable fluid for CV prescreening. Employing such optimized CVs is pivotal for properly characterizing the mechanism of heterogeneous nucleation in metallic and colloidal systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago S Domingues
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Sarwar Hussain
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Amir Haji-Akbari
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
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28
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Butler PV, Hafizi R, Day GM. Machine-Learned Potentials by Active Learning from Organic Crystal Structure Prediction Landscapes. J Phys Chem A 2024; 128:945-957. [PMID: 38277275 PMCID: PMC10860135 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c07129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
A primary challenge in organic molecular crystal structure prediction (CSP) is accurately ranking the energies of potential structures. While high-level solid-state density functional theory (DFT) methods allow for mostly reliable discrimination of the low-energy structures, their high computational cost is problematic because of the need to evaluate tens to hundreds of thousands of trial crystal structures to fully explore typical crystal energy landscapes. Consequently, lower-cost but less accurate empirical force fields are often used, sometimes as the first stage of a hierarchical scheme involving multiple stages of increasingly accurate energy calculations. Machine-learned interatomic potentials (MLIPs), trained to reproduce the results of ab initio methods with computational costs close to those of force fields, can improve the efficiency of the CSP by reducing or eliminating the need for costly DFT calculations. Here, we investigate active learning methods for training MLIPs with CSP datasets. The combination of active learning with the well-developed sampling methods from CSP yields potentials in a highly automated workflow that are relevant over a wide range of the crystal packing space. To demonstrate these potentials, we illustrate efficiently reranking large, diverse crystal structure landscapes to near-DFT accuracy from force field-based CSP, improving the reliability of the final energy ranking. Furthermore, we demonstrate how these potentials can be extended to more accurately model structures far from lattice energy minima through additional on-the-fly training within Monte Carlo simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Roohollah Hafizi
- School of Chemistry, University
of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, U.K.
| | - Graeme M. Day
- School of Chemistry, University
of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, U.K.
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29
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Wang L, Liu N, Zhao X, Wang X, Zhang T, Luo Z, Li F. Copper and conjugated carbonyls of metal-organic polymers as dual redox centers for Na storage. Chem Sci 2024; 15:2133-2140. [PMID: 38332813 PMCID: PMC10848677 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc05023h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Metal-organic polymers (MOPs) are fascinating electrode materials for high-performance sodium-ion batteries due to their multiple redox centers and low cost. Herein, a flower-like π-d conjugated MOP (Cu-TABQ) was synthesized using tetramino-benzoquinone (TABQ) as an organic ligand and Cu2+ as a transition metal node under the slow release of Cu2+ from [Cu(NH3)4]2+ and subsequent dehydrogenation. It possesses dual redox centers of Cu2+/Cu+ and C[double bond, length as m-dash]O/C-O to render a three-electron transfer reaction for each coordination unit with a high reversible capacity of 322.9 mA h g-1 at 50 mA g-1 in the voltage range of 1.0 to 3.0 V. The flower-like structure enhances fast Na+ diffusion and highly reversible organic/inorganic redox centers. This results in excellent cycling performance with almost no degradation within 700 cycles and great rate performance with 198.8 mA h g-1 at 4000 mA g-1. The investigation of the Na-storage mechanism and attractive performance will shed light on the insightful design of MOP cathode materials for further batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liubin Wang
- College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, Hebei University Baoding 071002 China
| | - Ningbo Liu
- College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, Hebei University Baoding 071002 China
| | - Xiaoying Zhao
- College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, Hebei University Baoding 071002 China
| | - Xiaohan Wang
- College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, Hebei University Baoding 071002 China
| | - Tong Zhang
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Zhiqiang Luo
- Tianjin Key Lab for Photoelectric Materials & Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology Tianjin 300384 China
| | - Fujun Li
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
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30
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Rasool S, Yeop J, An NG, Kim JW, Kim JY. Role of Charge-Carrier Dynamics Toward the Fabrication of Efficient Air-Processed Organic Solar Cells. SMALL METHODS 2024; 8:e2300578. [PMID: 37649231 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202300578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Over the past couple of decades, immense research has been carried out to understand the photo-physics of an organic solar cell (OSC) that is important to enhance its efficiency and stability. Since OSCs undergoes complex photophysical phenomenon, studying these factors has led to designing new materials and implementing new strategies to improve efficiency in OSCs. In this regard, the invention of the non-fullerene acceptorshas greatly revolutionized the understanding of the fundamental processes occurring in OSCs. However, such vital fundamental research from device physics perspectives is carried out on glovebox (GB) processed OSCs and there is a scarcity of research on air-processed (AP) OSCs. This review will focus on charge carrier dynamics such as exciton diffusion, exciton dissociation, charge-transfer states, significance of highest occupied molecular orbital-offsets, and hole-transfer efficiencies of GB-OSCs and compare them with the available data from the AP-OSCs. Finally, key requirements for the fabrication of efficient AP-OSCs will be presented from a charge-carrier dynamics perspective. The key aspects from the charge-carrier dynamics view to fabricate efficient OSCs either from GB or air are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shafket Rasool
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, 44919, South Korea
| | - Jiwoo Yeop
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, 44919, South Korea
| | - Na Gyeong An
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, 44919, South Korea
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Monash University, Victoria, 3800, Australia
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO) Manufacturing, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia
| | - Jae Won Kim
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, 44919, South Korea
| | - Jin Young Kim
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, 44919, South Korea
- Graduate School of Carbon Neutrality, School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, 44919, South Korea
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31
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Dai Y, Rambaldi F, Negri F. Eclipsed and Twisted Excimers of Pyrene and 2-Azapyrene: How Nitrogen Substitution Impacts Excimer Emission. Molecules 2024; 29:507. [PMID: 38276585 PMCID: PMC11154402 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29020507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Due to their unique photophysical and electronic properties, pyrene and its analogues have been the subject of extensive research in recent decades. The propensity of pyrene and its derivatives to form excimers has found wide application in various fields. Nitrogen-substituted pyrene derivatives display similar photophysical properties, but for them, excimer emission has not been reported to date. Here, we use time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) calculations to investigate the low-lying exciton states of dimers of pyrene and 2-azapyrene. The excimer equilibrium structures are determined and the contribution of charge transfer (CT) excitations and intermolecular interactions to the exciton states is disclosed using a diabatization procedure. The study reveals that the dimers formed by the two molecules have quite similar exciton-state patterns, in which the relevant CT contributions govern the formation of excimer states, along with the La/Lb state inversion. In contrast with pyrene, the dipole-dipole interactions in 2-azapyrene stabilize the dark eclipsed excimer structure and increase the barrier for conversion into a bright twisted excimer. It is suggested that these differences in the nitrogen-substituted derivative might influence the excimer emission properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasi Dai
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (Y.D.); (F.R.)
- Center for Chemical Catalysis—C3, Alma Mater Studiorum—Università di Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Filippo Rambaldi
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (Y.D.); (F.R.)
| | - Fabrizia Negri
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (Y.D.); (F.R.)
- Center for Chemical Catalysis—C3, Alma Mater Studiorum—Università di Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali (INSTM), Research Unit of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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Emilio de la Cerda-Pedro J, Hernández-Ortiz OJ, Vázquez-García RA, García-Báez EV, Gómez-Aguilar R, Espinosa-Roa A, Farfán N, Padilla-Martínez II. Highly crystalline and fluorescent BODIPY-labelled phenyl-triazole-coumarins as n-type semiconducting materials for OFET devices. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23517. [PMID: 38332883 PMCID: PMC10851223 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
In this work, the synthesis of BODIPY-phenyl-triazole labelled coumarins (BPhTCs) using a two-step approach is described. The influence of the BODIPY appending on the photophysical, electrochemical and thermal properties of the phenyl-triazole-coumarin precursors (PhTCs) was investigated. Band gap energies were measured by absorption spectroscopy (2.20 ± 0.02 eV in the solid and 2.35 ± 0.01 eV in solution) and cyclic voltammetry (2.10 ± 0.05 eV). The results are supported by DFT calculations confirming the presence of lowest LUMO levels that facilitate the electron injection and stabilize the electron transport. Their charge-transport parameters were measured in Organic Field-Effect Transistor (OFET) devices. BPhTCs showed an ambipolar transistor behavior with good n-type charge mobilities (10-2 cm2V-1s-1) allowing these derivatives to be employed as promising semiconducting crystalline and fluorescent materials with good thermal and air stability up to 250 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Emilio de la Cerda-Pedro
- Laboratorio de Química Supramolecular y Nanociencias de la Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Acueducto s/n Barrio la laguna Ticomán, 07340, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Oscar Javier Hernández-Ortiz
- Laboratorio de Química Supramolecular y Nanociencias de la Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Acueducto s/n Barrio la laguna Ticomán, 07340, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
- Área Académica de Ciencias de la Tierra y Materiales, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, km. 4.5 Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo, Col. Carboneras 42184, Mineral de la Reforma, Hidalgo Mexico
| | - Rosa Angeles Vázquez-García
- Área Académica de Ciencias de la Tierra y Materiales, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, km. 4.5 Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo, Col. Carboneras 42184, Mineral de la Reforma, Hidalgo Mexico
| | - Efrén V. García-Báez
- Laboratorio de Química Supramolecular y Nanociencias de la Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Acueducto s/n Barrio la laguna Ticomán, 07340, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Ramón Gómez-Aguilar
- Unidad Profesional en Ingeniería y Tecnologías Avanzadas del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. I.P.N No. 2580 Col. La Laguna Ticomán, Gustavo A. Madero 07340, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Arián Espinosa-Roa
- CONAHCYT-Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada Unidad Monterrey, Sur 204 Parque de Innovación e Investigación Tecnológica, Km. 10 autopista al Aeropuerto Internacional Mariano Escobedo, 66628, Apodaca, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | - Norberto Farfán
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Escolar, Ciudad Universitaria 04510, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Itzia I. Padilla-Martínez
- Laboratorio de Química Supramolecular y Nanociencias de la Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Acueducto s/n Barrio la laguna Ticomán, 07340, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
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Lin HH, Wang CI, Yang CH, Secario MK, Hsu CP. Two-Step Machine Learning Approach for Charge-Transfer Coupling with Structurally Diverse Data. J Phys Chem A 2024; 128:271-280. [PMID: 38157315 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c04524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Electronic coupling is important in determining charge-transfer rates and dynamics. Coupling strength is sensitive to both intermolecular, e.g., orientation or distance, and intramolecular degrees of freedom. Hence, it is challenging to build an accurate machine learning model to predict electronic coupling of molecular pairs, especially for those derived from the amorphous phase, for which intermolecular configurations are much more diverse than those derived from crystals. In this work, we devise a new prediction algorithm that employs two consecutive KRR models. The first model predicts molecular orbitals (MOs) from structural variation for each fragment, and coupling is further predicted by using the overlap integral included in a second model. With our two-step procedure, we achieved mean absolute errors of 0.27 meV for an ethylene dimer and 1.99 meV for a naphthalene pair, much improved accuracy amounting to 14-fold and 3-fold error reductions, respectively. In addition, MOs from the first model can also be the starting point to obtain other quantum chemical properties from atomistic structures. This approach is also compatible with a MO predictor with sufficient accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Hsuan Lin
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, 128 Section 2 Academia Road, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
- Molecular Science and Digital Innovation Center, Genetics Generation Advancement Corp, No. 28, Ln. 36, Xinhu First Rd., Neihu, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Chun-I Wang
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, 128 Section 2 Academia Road, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Chou-Hsun Yang
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, 128 Section 2 Academia Road, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Muhammad Khari Secario
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, 128 Section 2 Academia Road, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
- Taiwan International Graduate Program on Sustainable Chemical Science & Technology, Academia Sinica Institute of Chemistry, 128 Academia Road Sec.2, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Road, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Ping Hsu
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, 128 Section 2 Academia Road, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
- Division of Physics, National Center for Theoretical Sciences, 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 106, Taiwan
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Guo Y, Zhu B, Tang CY, Zhou Q, Zhu Y. Photogenerated outer electric field induced electrophoresis of organic nanocrystals for effective solid-solid photocatalysis. Nat Commun 2024; 15:428. [PMID: 38200002 PMCID: PMC10781792 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-44700-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Rapid mass transfer in solid-solid reactions is crucial for catalysis. Although phoretic nanoparticles offer potential for increased collision efficiency between solids, their implementation is hindered by limited interaction ranges. Here, we present a self-driven long-range electrophoresis of organic nanocrystals facilitated by a rationally designed photogenerated outer electric field (OEF) on their surface. Employing perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA) molecular nanocrystals as a model, we demonstrate that a directional OEF with an intensity of 13.6-0.4 kV m-1 across a range of 25-200 μm. This OEF-driven targeted electrophoresis of PTCDA nanocrystals onto the microplastic surface enhances the activity for subsequent decomposition of microplastics (196.8 mg h-1) into CO2 by solid-solid catalysis. As supported by operando characterizations and theoretical calculations, the OEF surrounds PTCDA nanocrystals initially, directing from the electron-rich (0 1 1) to the hole-rich [Formula: see text] surface. Upon surface charge modulation, the direction of OEF changes toward the solid substrate. The OEF-driven electrophoretic effect in organic nanocrystals with anisotropic charge enrichment characteristics indicates potential advancements in realizing effective solid-solid photocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Guo
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Bowen Zhu
- School of Environmental and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, 100032, Beijing, China
| | - Chuyang Y Tang
- Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China.
| | - Qixin Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Yongfa Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
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35
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Chang B, Chen J, Bao J, Sun T, Cheng Z. Molecularly Engineered Room-Temperature Phosphorescence for Biomedical Application: From the Visible toward Second Near-Infrared Window. Chem Rev 2023; 123:13966-14037. [PMID: 37991875 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorescence, characterized by luminescent lifetimes significantly longer than that of biological autofluorescence under ambient environment, is of great value for biomedical applications. Academic evidence of fluorescence imaging indicates that virtually all imaging metrics (sensitivity, resolution, and penetration depths) are improved when progressing into longer wavelength regions, especially the recently reported second near-infrared (NIR-II, 1000-1700 nm) window. Although the emission wavelength of probes does matter, it is not clear whether the guideline of "the longer the wavelength, the better the imaging effect" is still suitable for developing phosphorescent probes. For tissue-specific bioimaging, long-lived probes, even if they emit visible phosphorescence, enable accurate visualization of large deep tissues. For studies dealing with bioimaging of tiny biological architectures or dynamic physiopathological activities, the prerequisite is rigorous planning of long-wavelength phosphorescence, being aware of the cooperative contribution of long wavelengths and long lifetimes for improving the spatiotemporal resolution, penetration depth, and sensitivity of bioimaging. In this Review, emerging molecular engineering methods of room-temperature phosphorescence are discussed through the lens of photophysical mechanisms. We highlight the roles of phosphorescence with emission from visible to NIR-II windows toward bioapplications. To appreciate such advances, challenges and prospects in rapidly growing studies of room-temperature phosphorescence are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baisong Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Jie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Jiasheng Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Taolei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Zhen Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Molecular Imaging Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Drug Discovery, Bohai Rim Advanced Research Institute for Drug Discovery, Yantai, Shandong 264000, China
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36
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Zhao YD, Jiang W, Zhuo S, Wu B, Luo P, Chen W, Zheng M, Hu J, Zhang KQ, Wang ZS, Liao LS, Zhuo MP. Stretchable photothermal membrane of NIR-II charge-transfer cocrystal for wearable solar thermoelectric power generation. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadh8917. [PMID: 38091388 PMCID: PMC10848765 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adh8917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Harvesting sunlight into cost-effective electricity presents an enticing prospect for self-powered wearable applications. The photothermal materials with an extensive absorption are fundamental to achieve optical and thermal concentration of the sunlight for efficiency output electricity of wearable solar thermoelectric generators (STEGs). Here, we synthesize an organic charge-transfer (CT) cocrystal with a flat absorption from ultraviolet to second near-infrared region (200 to 1950 nanometers) and a high photothermal conversion efficiency (PCE) of 80.5%, which is introduced into polyurethane toward large-area nanofiber membrane by electrospinning technology. These corresponding membranes demonstrate a high PCE of 73.7% under the strain more than 80%. Sandwiched with carbon nanotube-based thermoelectric fibers, the membranes as stretchable solar absorbers of STEGs could supply a notably increase temperature gradient, processing a maximum output voltage density of 23.4 volts per square meter at 1:00 p.m. under sunlight. This strategy presents an important insight in heat management for wearable STEGs with a desired electricity output.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Dong Zhao
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Wangkai Jiang
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Sheng Zhuo
- School of Physics and Materials Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Bin Wu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Peng Luo
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Weifan Chen
- School of Physics and Materials Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Min Zheng
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jianchen Hu
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Ke-Qin Zhang
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Zuo-Shan Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Liang-Sheng Liao
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Ming-Peng Zhuo
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
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37
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Wang S, Han L, Zou Y, Liu B, He ZH, Huang Y, Wang Z, Zheng L, Hu YX, Zhao Q, Sun Y, Li ZQ, Gao P, Chen X, Guo X, Li L, Hu W. Ultrahigh-gain organic transistors based on van der Waals metal-barrier interlayer-semiconductor junction. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadj4656. [PMID: 38055810 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adj4656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Intrinsic gain is a vital figure of merit in transistors, closely related to signal amplification, operation voltage, power consumption, and circuit simplification. However, organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs) targeted at high gain have suffered from challenges such as narrow subthreshold operating voltage, low-quality interface, and uncontrollable barrier. Here, we report a van der Waals metal-barrier interlayer-semiconductor junction-based OTFT, which shows ultrahigh performance including ultrahigh gain of ~104, low saturation voltage, negligible hysteresis, and good stability. The high-quality van der Waals-contacted junctions are mainly attributed to patterning EGaIn liquid metal electrodes by low-energy microfluidic processes. The wide-bandgap semiconductor Ga2O3 as barrier interlayer is achieved by in situ surface oxidation of EGaIn electrodes, allowing for an adjustable barrier height and expected thermionic emission properties. The organic inverters with a high gain of 5130 and a simplified current stabilizer are further demonstrated, paving a way for high-gain and low-power organic electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuguang Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Lei Han
- School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Ye Zou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Bingyao Liu
- Electron Microscopy Laboratory and International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhi-Hao He
- Department of Physics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials Physics and Preparing Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yinan Huang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Zhongwu Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Lei Zheng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yong-Xu Hu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Qiang Zhao
- College of Science, Civil Aviation University of China (CAUC), Tianjin 300300, China
| | - Yajing Sun
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Zhi-Qing Li
- Department of Physics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials Physics and Preparing Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Peng Gao
- Electron Microscopy Laboratory and International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xiaosong Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xiaojun Guo
- School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Liqiang Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin 300192, China
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Fuzhou 350207, China
| | - Wenping Hu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin 300192, China
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Fuzhou 350207, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300072, China
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38
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Sheng Q, Peng B, Ji C, Li H. Enhancing the Uniformity of Organic Field-Effect Transistors by a Single-Crystalline Layer-Controlled Active Channel. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2304736. [PMID: 37494287 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202304736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Despite remarkable improvement in the mobility of the organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) being achieved in past decades, the uniformity in electrical performance remains ambiguous, impeding their implantation in organic integrated circuits. The coefficient of variance (CV) in mobility of reported OFETs is typically larger than 8%, which is not adequate for building medium-to-large scale integrated circuits. In this work, it is shown that utilizing single-domain molecular monolayer crystals as the active channel can largely enhance the uniformity of OFETs. Benefiting from the sole molecular layer with long-range ordering, the OFETs exhibit uniformities in both channel transport and charge injection, thereby giving rise to a high average mobility of 11.64 cm2 V-1 s-1 and CV of only 2.57%. Statistical transmission length method evaluation is conducted, covering channel length from 3 to 21 µm, channel width from 90 to 170 µm, and a total OFET number of 370. The low contact resistance of 79.00 ± 7.00 Ω cm and high intrinsic mobility of 12.36 ± 0.45 cm2 V-1 s-1 are acquired with very high accuracy and reliability. As such, this work provides a practical way to enhance the uniformity of OFETs by a single-crystalline layer-controlled active channel toward their applications in integrated circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyue Sheng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, International Research Center for X Polymers, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Boyu Peng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, International Research Center for X Polymers, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Chong Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, International Research Center for X Polymers, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Hanying Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, International Research Center for X Polymers, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
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Liu D, Wang S, Zhang J, Zeng J, Han M, Yao Y, Xu JB, Zeng X, Sun R. Organic Conjugated Small Molecules with High Thermal Conductivity as an Effective Coupling Layer for Heat Transfer. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:54818-54828. [PMID: 37964738 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c12927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
As the features of electronics are miniaturized, the need for interfacial thermal coupling layers to enhance their thermal transfer efficiency and improve device performance becomes critical. Organic conjugated small molecules possess a unique combination of periodic crystal structures and conjugated units with π electrons, resulting in notable thermal conductivities and molecular structure orientation that facilitates directed heat transfer. Nevertheless, there is a noticeable gap in literatures regarding the thermal properties of organic conjugated small molecules and their potential applications in nanoscale thermal management. Herein, we report the fabrication of high-quality thin films of organic conjugated small molecules. The result reveals that the 2D organic conjugated small molecule thin films exhibit a high cross-plane thermal conductivity of 3.2 W/m K. The increased thermal conductivity is attributed to the well-organized lattice structure and existence of π-electrons induced by conjugated systems. The studied conjugated small molecules engage in π-π stacking interactions with carbon materials and efficiently exchange energy with electrons in metals, promoting rapid interfacial heat transfer. These molecules act as coupling layers, significantly enhancing thermal transfer efficiency between graphite-based thermal pads and copper heat sinks. This pioneering research represents the inaugural investigation of the thermal performance of conjugated organic small molecules. These findings highlight the potential of conjugated small molecules as thermal coupling layers, offering tunable combinations of desirable properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daoqing Liu
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Nano Science and Technology Institute, University of Science and Technology of China, No. 166 Renai Road, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Shuting Wang
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Nano Science and Technology Institute, University of Science and Technology of China, No. 166 Renai Road, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Jianhui Zeng
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Metal Materials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Meng Han
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yimin Yao
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jian-Bin Xu
- Department of Electronics Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Xiaoliang Zeng
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Rong Sun
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
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40
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Beran GJO. Frontiers of molecular crystal structure prediction for pharmaceuticals and functional organic materials. Chem Sci 2023; 14:13290-13312. [PMID: 38033897 PMCID: PMC10685338 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc03903j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The reliability of organic molecular crystal structure prediction has improved tremendously in recent years. Crystal structure predictions for small, mostly rigid molecules are quickly becoming routine. Structure predictions for larger, highly flexible molecules are more challenging, but their crystal structures can also now be predicted with increasing rates of success. These advances are ushering in a new era where crystal structure prediction drives the experimental discovery of new solid forms. After briefly discussing the computational methods that enable successful crystal structure prediction, this perspective presents case studies from the literature that demonstrate how state-of-the-art crystal structure prediction can transform how scientists approach problems involving the organic solid state. Applications to pharmaceuticals, porous organic materials, photomechanical crystals, organic semi-conductors, and nuclear magnetic resonance crystallography are included. Finally, efforts to improve our understanding of which predicted crystal structures can actually be produced experimentally and other outstanding challenges are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory J O Beran
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Riverside Riverside CA 92521 USA
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41
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Zhugayevych A, Sun W, van der Heide T, Lien-Medrano CR, Frauenheim T, Tretiak S. Benchmark Data Set of Crystalline Organic Semiconductors. J Chem Theory Comput 2023; 19:8481-8490. [PMID: 37969072 PMCID: PMC10688188 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.3c00861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
This work reports a Benchmark Data set of Crystalline Organic Semiconductors to test calculations of the structural and electronic properties of these materials in the solid state. The data set contains 67 crystals consisting of mostly rigid molecules with a single dominant conformer, covering the majority of known structural types. The experimental crystal structure is available for the entire data set, whereas zero-temperature unit cell volume can be reliably estimated for a subset of 28 crystals. Using this subset, we benchmark r2SCAN-D3 and PBE-D3 density functionals. Then, for the entire data set, we benchmark approximate density functional theory (DFT) methods, including GFN1-xTB and DFTB3(3ob-3-1), with various dispersion corrections against r2SCAN-D3. Our results show that r2SCAN-D3 geometries are accurate within a few percent, which is comparable to the statistical uncertainty of experimental data at a fixed temperature, but the unit cell volume is systematically underestimated by 2% on average. The several times faster PBE-D3 provides an unbiased estimate of the volume for all systems except for molecules with highly polar bonds, for which the volume is substantially overestimated in correlation with the underestimation of atomic charges. Considered approximate DFT methods are orders of magnitude faster and provide qualitatively correct but overcompressed crystal structures unless the dispersion corrections are fitted by unit cell volume.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andriy Zhugayevych
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Wenbo Sun
- Bremen
Center for Computational Materials Science, Am Fallturm 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Tammo van der Heide
- Bremen
Center for Computational Materials Science, Am Fallturm 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | | | - Thomas Frauenheim
- Bremen
Center for Computational Materials Science, Am Fallturm 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Sergei Tretiak
- Los
Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
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42
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He Z, Zhu J, Yin M, Liao D, Feng J, Zeng Q, Yu H, Xin JH, Wang D, Liu X. 4-Electron redox enabled by a perylene diimide containing side-chain amines for efficient organic cathode development. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:13619-13622. [PMID: 37902092 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc04923j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
A perylene diimide containing side-chain amines (PDIN) was studied as an organic cathode for application in lithium batteries, showing a high capacity of 174 mA h g-1. The chemical structures, experimental results, and calculation analyses verify that PDIN performed a 4-electron redox reaction jointly involving its CO and side-chain amine groups. This study promotes the development of organic cathodes with multi-electron redox reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiling He
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for New Textile Materials, School of Textile Materials and Engineering, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, 529020, China.
| | - Junfeng Zhu
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for New Textile Materials, School of Textile Materials and Engineering, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, 529020, China.
| | - Mingyu Yin
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for New Textile Materials, School of Textile Materials and Engineering, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, 529020, China.
| | - Deyi Liao
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for New Textile Materials, School of Textile Materials and Engineering, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, 529020, China.
| | - Jiajin Feng
- School of Applied Physics and Materials, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, 529020, China.
| | - Qingguang Zeng
- School of Applied Physics and Materials, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, 529020, China.
| | - Hui Yu
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for New Textile Materials, School of Textile Materials and Engineering, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, 529020, China.
| | - John H Xin
- Institute of Textiles & Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Da Wang
- School of Applied Physics and Materials, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, 529020, China.
| | - Xi Liu
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for New Textile Materials, School of Textile Materials and Engineering, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, 529020, China.
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43
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Jiang T, Wang Y, Huang W, Ling H, Tian G, Deng Y, Geng Y, Ji D, Hu W. Retina-inspired organic neuromorphic vision sensor with polarity modulation for decoding light information. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2023; 12:264. [PMID: 37932276 PMCID: PMC10628194 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-023-01310-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
The neuromorphic vision sensor (NeuVS), which is based on organic field-effect transistors (OFETs), uses polar functional groups (PFGs) in polymer dielectrics as interfacial units to control charge carriers. However, the mechanism of modulating charge transport on basis of PFGs in devices is unclear. Here, the carboxyl group is introduced into polymer dielectrics in this study, and it can induce the charge transfer process at the semiconductor/dielectric interfaces for effective carrier transport, giving rise to the best device mobility up to 20 cm2 V-1 s-1 at a low operating voltage of -1 V. Furthermore, the polarity modulation effect could further increase the optical figures of merit in NeuVS devices by at least an order of magnitude more than the devices using carboxyl group-free polymer dielectrics. Additionally, devices containing carboxyl groups improved image sensing for light information decoding with 52 grayscale signals and memory capabilities at an incredibly low power consumption of 1.25 fJ/spike. Our findings provide insight into the production of high-performance polymer dielectrics for NeuVS devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Jiang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University, 300072, Tianjin, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, 300192, Tianjin, China
| | - Yiru Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 210023, Nanjing, China
| | - Wanxin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 210023, Nanjing, China
| | - Haifeng Ling
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 210023, Nanjing, China
| | - Guofeng Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 100029, Beijing, China
| | - Yunfeng Deng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, 300072, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanhou Geng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, 300072, Tianjin, China
| | - Deyang Ji
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University, 300072, Tianjin, China.
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, 300192, Tianjin, China.
| | - Wenping Hu
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, 300192, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, 300072, Tianjin, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, 300072, Tianjin, China
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44
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Hatakeyama-Sato K, Oyaizu K. Redox: Organic Robust Radicals and Their Polymers for Energy Conversion/Storage Devices. Chem Rev 2023; 123:11336-11391. [PMID: 37695670 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Persistent radicals can hold their unpaired electrons even under conditions where they accumulate, leading to the unique characteristics of radical ensembles with open-shell structures and their molecular properties, such as magneticity, radical trapping, catalysis, charge storage, and electrical conductivity. The molecules also display fast, reversible redox reactions, which have attracted particular attention for energy conversion and storage devices. This paper reviews the electrochemical aspects of persistent radicals and the corresponding macromolecules, radical polymers. Radical structures and their redox reactions are introduced, focusing on redox potentials, bistability, and kinetic constants for electrode reactions and electron self-exchange reactions. Unique charge transport and storage properties are also observed with the accumulated form of redox sites in radical polymers. The radical molecules have potential electrochemical applications, including in rechargeable batteries, redox flow cells, photovoltaics, diodes, and transistors, and in catalysts, which are reviewed in the last part of this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kan Hatakeyama-Sato
- School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - Kenichi Oyaizu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
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Wang T, Ran Y, He Y, Shi L, Zeng B, Zhao F. Self-powered photoelectrochemical/visual sensing platform based on PEDOT/BiOBr 0.8I 0.2 organic-inorganic hybrid material and MWCNTs/SnS 2 heterojunction for the ultrasensitive detection of programmed death ligand-1. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 237:115558. [PMID: 37531891 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) can enhance the immune tolerance of tumor cells by suppressing the activity of T-cells, and is one of the culprits that lead to the immune escape of tumor cells. Thus, the sensitive and portable detection of PD-L1 levels is essential for many types of tumor prognosis. Herein, a novel dual-mode analytical device for the ultrasensitive detection of PD-L1 has been developed. In this configuration, an advanced organic-inorganic hybrid material of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) -BiOBr0.8I0.2 is designed as photocathode to enhance the photogenerated electron migration efficiency of the MWCNTs/SnS2-photoanode by external circuit, amplifying cathodic photocurrent without extra energy supply. The PD-L1 aptamer is loaded on the photocathode surface to ensure selectivity. The obtained sensing platform can achieve highly sensitive and specific detection of PD-L1 in complex environment, with a low detection limit of 0.29 pg mL-1. On the other hand, electrochromic material Prussian blue (PB) and MWCNTs/SnS2 are integrated to fabricate a portable sensing chip for PD-L1. Under illumination, photogenerated electrons of MWCNTs/SnS2 are injected into Prussian blue, and the blue PB is reduced to white product, indicating the concentration of PD-L1, without need of other instrument. This self-powered photoelectrochemical and visual analysis system has good practicability and is a promising clinical diagnosis tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Wang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Yanqing Ran
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Yifei He
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Lei Shi
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Baizhao Zeng
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei Province, PR China.
| | - Faqiong Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei Province, PR China.
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46
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Li BY, Xie MJ, Lu J, Wang WF, Li R, Mi JR, Wang SH, Zheng FK, Guo GC. Highly Sensitive Direct X-Ray Detector Based on Copper(II) Coordination Polymer Single Crystal with Anisotropic Charge Transport. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2302492. [PMID: 37154205 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202302492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Anisotropic charge transport plays a pivotal role in clarifying the conductivity mechanism in direct X-ray detection to improve the detection sensitivity. However, the anisotropic photoelectric effect of semiconductive single crystal responsive to X-ray is still lacking of theoretical and experimental proof. The semiconductive coordination polymers (CPs) with designable structures, adjustable functions, and high crystallinity provide a suitable platform for exploring the anisotropic conductive mechanism. Here,the study first reveals a 1D conductive transmission path for direct X-ray detection from the perspective of structural chemistry. The semiconductive copper(II)-based CP 1 single crystal detector exhibits unique anisotropic X-ray detection performance. Along the 1D π-π stacking direction, the single crystal device (1-SC-a) shows a superior sensitivity of 2697.15 µCGyair -1 cm-2 and a low detection limit of 1.02 µGyair s-1 among CPs-based X-ray detectors. This study provides beneficial guidance and deep insight for designing high-performance CP-based X-ray detectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao-Yi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, P. R. China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, P. R. China
| | - Mei-Juan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, P. R. China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, P. R. China
| | - Jian Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, P. R. China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Fei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, P. R. China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, P. R. China
| | - Rong Li
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430062, P. R. China
| | - Jia-Rong Mi
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, P. R. China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, P. R. China
| | - Shuai-Hua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, P. R. China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, P. R. China
| | - Fa-Kun Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, P. R. China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, P. R. China
| | - Guo-Cong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, P. R. China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, P. R. China
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47
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Zhang H, Wang Y, Zhao R, Kou M, Guo M, Xu K, Tian G, Wei X, Jiang S, Yuan Q, Zhao J. Fe III Chelated with Humic Acid with Easy Synthesis Conditions and Good Performance as Anode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:6477. [PMID: 37834613 PMCID: PMC10573477 DOI: 10.3390/ma16196477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we prepared a green, cheap material by chelating humic acid with ferric ions (HA-Fe) and used it as an anode material in LIBs for the first time. From the SEM, TEM, XPS, XRD, and nitrogen adsorption-desorption experimental results, it was found that the ferric ion can chelate with humic acid successfully under mild conditions and can increase the surface area of materials. Taking advantage of the chelation between the ferric ions and HA, the capacity of HA-Fe is 586 mAh·g-1 at 0.1 A·g-1 after 1000 cycles. Moreover, benefitting from the chelation effect, the activation degree of HA-Fe (about 8 times) is seriously improved compared with pure HA material (about 2 times) during the change-discharge process. The capacity retention ratio of HA-Fe is 55.63% when the current density increased from 0.05 A·g-1 to 1 A·g-1, which is higher than that of HA (32.55%) and Fe (24.85%). In the end, the storage mechanism of HA-Fe was investigated with ex-situ XPS measurements, and it was found that the C=O and C=C bonds are the activation sites for storage Li ions but have different redox voltages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China; (H.Z.); (Y.W.); (R.Z.); (M.K.); (M.G.); (K.X.); (S.J.)
| | - Youkui Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China; (H.Z.); (Y.W.); (R.Z.); (M.K.); (M.G.); (K.X.); (S.J.)
| | - Ruili Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China; (H.Z.); (Y.W.); (R.Z.); (M.K.); (M.G.); (K.X.); (S.J.)
| | - Meimei Kou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China; (H.Z.); (Y.W.); (R.Z.); (M.K.); (M.G.); (K.X.); (S.J.)
| | - Mengyao Guo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China; (H.Z.); (Y.W.); (R.Z.); (M.K.); (M.G.); (K.X.); (S.J.)
| | - Ke Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China; (H.Z.); (Y.W.); (R.Z.); (M.K.); (M.G.); (K.X.); (S.J.)
| | - Gang Tian
- Shandong Tianyi New Energy Co., Ltd., Liaocheng 252059, China; (G.T.); (X.W.)
| | - Xinting Wei
- Shandong Tianyi New Energy Co., Ltd., Liaocheng 252059, China; (G.T.); (X.W.)
| | - Song Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China; (H.Z.); (Y.W.); (R.Z.); (M.K.); (M.G.); (K.X.); (S.J.)
| | - Qing Yuan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China; (H.Z.); (Y.W.); (R.Z.); (M.K.); (M.G.); (K.X.); (S.J.)
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
| | - Jinsheng Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China; (H.Z.); (Y.W.); (R.Z.); (M.K.); (M.G.); (K.X.); (S.J.)
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
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48
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Sun S, Qi J, Wang S, Wang Z, Hu Y, Huang Y, Fu Y, Wang Y, Du H, Hu X, Lei Y, Chen X, Li L, Hu W. General Spatial Confinement Recrystallization Method for Rapid Preparation of Thickness-Controllable and Uniform Organic Semiconductor Single Crystals. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2301421. [PMID: 37264765 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202301421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Organic semiconductor single crystals (OSSCs) are ideal materials for studying the intrinsic properties of organic semiconductors (OSCs) and constructing high-performance organic field-effect transistors (OFETs). However, there is no general method to rapidly prepare thickness-controllable and uniform single crystals for various OSCs. Here, inspired by the recrystallization (a spontaneous morphological instability phenomenon) of polycrystalline films, a spatial confinement recrystallization (SCR) method is developed to rapidly (even at several second timescales) grow thickness-controllable and uniform OSSCs in a well-controlled way by applying longitudinal pressure to tailor the growth direction of grains in OSCs polycrystalline films. The relationship between growth parameters including the growth time, temperature, longitudinal pressure, and thickness is comprehensively investigated. Remarkably, this method is applicable for various OSCs including insoluble and soluble small molecules and polymers, and can realize the high-quality crystal array growth. The corresponding 50 dinaphtho[2,3-b:2″,3″-f]thieno[3,2-b]thiophene (DNTT) single crystals coplanar OFETs prepared by the same batch have the mobility of 4.1 ± 0.4 cm2 V-1 s-1 , showing excellent uniformity. The overall performance of the method is superior to the reported methods in term of growth rate, generality, thickness controllability, and uniformity, indicating its broad application prospects in organic electronic and optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shougang Sun
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University, 300072, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiannan Qi
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University, 300072, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuguang Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University, 300072, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhongwu Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University, 300072, Tianjin, China
| | - Yongxu Hu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University, 300072, Tianjin, China
| | - Yinan Huang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University, 300072, Tianjin, China
| | - Yao Fu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University, 300072, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanpeng Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University, 300072, Tianjin, China
| | - Haiyan Du
- Analysis and testing center of Tianjin University, 300192, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoxia Hu
- Analysis and testing center of Tianjin University, 300192, Tianjin, China
| | - Yong Lei
- Fachgebiet Angewandte Nanophysik, Institut für Physik & IMN MacroNano, Technische Universitat Ilmenau, 98693, Ilmenau, Germany
| | - Xiaosong Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University, 300072, Tianjin, China
| | - Liqiang Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University, 300072, Tianjin, China
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, 350207, Fuzhou, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, 300192, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenping Hu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University, 300072, Tianjin, China
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, 350207, Fuzhou, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, 300192, Tianjin, China
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49
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Wang J, Ren Z, Pan J, Wu X, Jie J, Zhang X, Zhang X. Wafer-Scale Epitaxial Growth of Two-dimensional Organic Semiconductor Single Crystals toward High-Performance Transistors. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2301017. [PMID: 37436692 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202301017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
The success of state-of-the-art electronics and optoelectronics relies heavily on the capability to fabricate semiconductor single-crystal wafers. However, the conventional epitaxial growth strategy for inorganic wafers is invalid for growing organic semiconductor single crystals due to the lack of lattice-matched epitaxial substrates and intricate nucleation behaviors, severely impeding the advancement of organic single-crystal electronics. Here, an anchored crystal-seed epitaxial growth method for wafer-scale growth of 2D organic semiconductor single crystals is developed for the first time. The crystal seed is firmly anchored on the viscous liquid surface, ensuring the steady epitaxial growth of organic single crystals from the crystal seed. The atomically flat liquid surface effectively eliminates the disturbance from substrate defects and greatly enhances the 2D growth of organic crystals. Using this approach, a wafer-scale few-layer bis(triethylsilythynyl)-anthradithphene (Dif-TES-ADT) single crystal is formed, yielding a breakthrough for organic field-effect transistors with a high reliable mobility up to 8.6 cm2 V-1 s-1 and an ultralow mobility variable coefficient of 8.9%. This work opens a new avenue to fabricate organic single-crystal wafers for high-performance organic electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinwen Wang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Zheng Ren
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Jing Pan
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofeng Wu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Jiansheng Jie
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
- Macao Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, MUST-SUDA Joint Research Center for Advanced Functional Materials, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, 999078, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohong Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Xiujuan Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
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Meng K, Guo L, Sun X. Strategies and applications of generating spin polarization in organic semiconductors. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2023; 8:1132-1154. [PMID: 37424331 DOI: 10.1039/d3nh00101f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
The advent of spintronics has undoubtedly revolutionized data storage, processing, and sensing applications. Organic semiconductors (OSCs), characterized by long spin relaxation times (>μs) and abundant spin-dependent properties, have emerged as promising materials for advanced spintronic applications. To successfully implement spin-related functions in organic spintronic devices, the four fundamental processes of spin generation, transport, manipulation, and detection form the main building blocks and are commonly in demand. Thereinto, the effective generation of spin polarization in OSCs is a precondition, but in practice, this has not been an easy task. In this context, considerable efforts have been made on this topic, covering novel materials systems, spin-dependent theories, and device fabrication technologies. In this review, we underline recent advances in external spin injection and organic property-induced spin polarization, according to the distinction between the sources of spin polarization. We focused mainly on summarizing and discussing both the physical mechanism and representative research on spin generation in OSCs, especially for various spin injection methods, organic magnetic materials, the chiral-induced spin selectivity effect, and the spinterface effect. Finally, the challenges and prospects that allow this topic to continue to be dynamic were outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Meng
- Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Lidan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
| | - Xiangnan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
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