1
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Berglund S, Bassy C, Kaya I, Andrén PE, Shtender V, Lasagna M, Tommos C, Magnuson A, Glover SD. Hydrogen production by a fully de novo enzyme. Dalton Trans 2024. [PMID: 38900585 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00936c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Molecular catalysts based on abundant elements that function in neutral water represent an essential component of sustainable hydrogen production. Artificial hydrogenases based on protein-inorganic hybrids have emerged as an intriguing class of catalysts for this purpose. We have prepared a novel artificial hydrogenase based on cobaloxime bound to a de novo three alpha-helical protein, α3C, via a pyridyl-based unnatural amino acid. The functionalized de novo protein was characterised by UV-visible, CD, and EPR spectroscopy, as well as MALDI spectrometry, which confirmed the presence and ligation of cobaloxime to the protein. The new de novo enzyme produced hydrogen under electrochemical, photochemical and reductive chemical conditions in neutral water solution. A change in hydrogen evolution capability of the de novo enzyme compared with native cobaloxime was observed, with turnover numbers around 80% of that of cobaloxime, and hydrogen evolution rates of 40% of that of cobaloxime. We discuss these findings in the context of existing literature, how our study contributes important information about the functionality of cobaloximes as hydrogen evolving catalysts in protein environments, and the feasibility of using de novo proteins for development into artificial metalloenzymes. Small de novo proteins as enzyme scaffolds have the potential to function as upscalable bioinspired catalysts thanks to their efficient atom economy, and the findings presented here show that these types of novel enzymes are a possible product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sigrid Berglund
- Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 523, SE-75120, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Clara Bassy
- Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 523, SE-75120, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Ibrahim Kaya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Spatial Mass Spectrometry, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 591, SE-75124 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Per E Andrén
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Spatial Mass Spectrometry, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 591, SE-75124 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Vitalii Shtender
- Division of Applied Materials Science, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Uppsala University, 75103 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mauricio Lasagna
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Cecilia Tommos
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Ann Magnuson
- Molecular Biomimetics, Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 523, SE-75120, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Starla D Glover
- Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 523, SE-75120, Uppsala, Sweden.
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2
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Wu YT, Kumbhar SV, Tsai RF, Yang YC, Zeng WQ, Wang YH, Hsu WC, Chiang YW, Yang T, Lu IC, Wang YH. Manipulating the Rate and Overpotential for Electrochemical Water Oxidation: Mechanistic Insights for Cobalt Catalysts Bearing Noninnocent Bis(benzimidazole)pyrazolide Ligands. ACS ORGANIC & INORGANIC AU 2024; 4:306-318. [PMID: 38855334 PMCID: PMC11157513 DOI: 10.1021/acsorginorgau.3c00061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Electrochemical water oxidation is known as the anodic reaction of water splitting. Efficient design and earth-abundant electrocatalysts are crucial to this process. Herein, we report a family of catalysts (1-3) bearing bis(benzimidazole)pyrazolide ligands (H 2 L1-H 2 L3). H 2 L3 contains electron-donating substituents and noninnocent components, resulting in catalyst 3 exhibiting unique performance. Kinetic studies show first-order kinetic dependence on [3] and [H2O] under neutral and alkaline conditions. In contrast to previously reported catalyst 1, catalyst 3 exhibits an insignificant kinetic isotope effect of 1.25 and zero-order dependence on [NaOH]. Based on various spectroscopic methods and computational findings, the L3Co2 III(μ-OH) species is proposed to be the catalyst resting state and the nucleophilic attack of water on this species is identified as the turnover-limiting step of the catalytic reaction. Computational studies provided insights into how the interplay between the electronic effect and ligand noninnocence results in catalyst 3 acting via a different reaction mechanism. The variation in the turnover-limiting step and catalytic potentials of species 1-3 leads to their catalytic rates being independent of the overpotential, as evidenced by Eyring analysis. Overall, we demonstrate how ligand design may be utilized to retain good water oxidation activity at low overpotentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ting Wu
- Department
of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Sharad V. Kumbhar
- Department
of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Ruei-Feng Tsai
- Department
of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Ching Yang
- Department
of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Qin Zeng
- Department
of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Han Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Chi Hsu
- Department
of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Wei Chiang
- Department
of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Tzuhsiung Yang
- Department
of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - I-Chung Lu
- Department
of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Heng Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
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3
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Wei S, Xia X, Bi S, Hu S, Wu X, Hsu HY, Zou X, Huang K, Zhang DW, Sun Q, Bard AJ, Yu ET, Ji L. Metal-insulator-semiconductor photoelectrodes for enhanced photoelectrochemical water splitting. Chem Soc Rev 2024. [PMID: 38833171 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00820g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting provides a scalable and integrated platform to harness renewable solar energy for green hydrogen production. The practical implementation of PEC systems hinges on addressing three critical challenges: enhancing energy conversion efficiency, ensuring long-term stability, and achieving economic viability. Metal-insulator-semiconductor (MIS) heterojunction photoelectrodes have gained significant attention over the last decade for their ability to efficiently segregate photogenerated carriers and mitigate corrosion-induced semiconductor degradation. This review discusses the structural composition and interfacial intricacies of MIS photoelectrodes tailored for PEC water splitting. The application of MIS heterostructures across various semiconductor light-absorbing layers, including traditional photovoltaic-grade semiconductors, metal oxides, and emerging materials, is presented first. Subsequently, this review elucidates the reaction mechanisms and respective merits of vacuum and non-vacuum deposition techniques in the fabrication of the insulator layers. In the context of the metal layers, this review extends beyond the conventional scope, not only by introducing metal-based cocatalysts, but also by exploring the latest advancements in molecular and single-atom catalysts integrated within MIS photoelectrodes. Furthermore, a systematic summary of carrier transfer mechanisms and interface design principles of MIS photoelectrodes is presented, which are pivotal for optimizing energy band alignment and enhancing solar-to-chemical conversion efficiency within the PEC system. Finally, this review explores innovative derivative configurations of MIS photoelectrodes, including back-illuminated MIS photoelectrodes, inverted MIS photoelectrodes, tandem MIS photoelectrodes, and monolithically integrated wireless MIS photoelectrodes. These novel architectures address the limitations of traditional MIS structures by effectively coupling different functional modules, minimizing optical and ohmic losses, and mitigating recombination losses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shice Wei
- School of Microelectronics & Jiashan Fudan Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Xuewen Xia
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
| | - Shuai Bi
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Shen Hu
- School of Microelectronics & Jiashan Fudan Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Xuefeng Wu
- School of Microelectronics & Jiashan Fudan Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Hsien-Yi Hsu
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Xingli Zou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
| | - Kai Huang
- Department of Physics, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
| | - David W Zhang
- School of Microelectronics & Jiashan Fudan Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Qinqqing Sun
- School of Microelectronics & Jiashan Fudan Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Allen J Bard
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Texas 78713, USA
| | - Edward T Yu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Texas 78758, USA.
| | - Li Ji
- School of Microelectronics & Jiashan Fudan Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
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4
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Capone M, Romanelli M, Castaldo D, Parolin G, Bello A, Gil G, Vanzan M. A Vision for the Future of Multiscale Modeling. ACS PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY AU 2024; 4:202-225. [PMID: 38800726 PMCID: PMC11117712 DOI: 10.1021/acsphyschemau.3c00080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
The rise of modern computer science enabled physical chemistry to make enormous progresses in understanding and harnessing natural and artificial phenomena. Nevertheless, despite the advances achieved over past decades, computational resources are still insufficient to thoroughly simulate extended systems from first principles. Indeed, countless biological, catalytic and photophysical processes require ab initio treatments to be properly described, but the breadth of length and time scales involved makes it practically unfeasible. A way to address these issues is to couple theories and algorithms working at different scales by dividing the system into domains treated at different levels of approximation, ranging from quantum mechanics to classical molecular dynamics, even including continuum electrodynamics. This approach is known as multiscale modeling and its use over the past 60 years has led to remarkable results. Considering the rapid advances in theory, algorithm design, and computing power, we believe multiscale modeling will massively grow into a dominant research methodology in the forthcoming years. Hereby we describe the main approaches developed within its realm, highlighting their achievements and current drawbacks, eventually proposing a plausible direction for future developments considering also the emergence of new computational techniques such as machine learning and quantum computing. We then discuss how advanced multiscale modeling methods could be exploited to address critical scientific challenges, focusing on the simulation of complex light-harvesting processes, such as natural photosynthesis. While doing so, we suggest a cutting-edge computational paradigm consisting in performing simultaneous multiscale calculations on a system allowing the various domains, treated with appropriate accuracy, to move and extend while they properly interact with each other. Although this vision is very ambitious, we believe the quick development of computer science will lead to both massive improvements and widespread use of these techniques, resulting in enormous progresses in physical chemistry and, eventually, in our society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Capone
- Department
of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University
of L’Aquila, L’Aquila 67010, Italy
| | - Marco Romanelli
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova 35131, Italy
| | - Davide Castaldo
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova 35131, Italy
| | - Giovanni Parolin
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova 35131, Italy
| | - Alessandro Bello
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova 35131, Italy
- Department
of Physics, Informatics and Mathematics, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena 41125, Italy
| | - Gabriel Gil
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova 35131, Italy
- Instituto
de Cibernética, Matemática y Física (ICIMAF), La Habana 10400, Cuba
| | - Mirko Vanzan
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova 35131, Italy
- Department
of Physics, University of Milano, Milano 20133, Italy
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5
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Noll N, Würthner F. Bioinspired Water Preorganization in Confined Space for Efficient Water Oxidation Catalysis in Metallosupramolecular Ruthenium Architectures. Acc Chem Res 2024; 57:1538-1549. [PMID: 38710509 PMCID: PMC11112732 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.4c00148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
ConspectusNature has established a sustainable way to maintain aerobic life on earth by inventing one of the most sophisticated biological processes, namely, natural photosynthesis, which delivers us with organic matter and molecular oxygen derived from the two abundant resources sunlight and water. The thermodynamically demanding photosynthetic water splitting is catalyzed by the oxygen-evolving complex in photosystem II (OEC-PSII), which comprises a distorted tetramanganese-calcium cluster (CaMn4O5) as catalytic core. As an ubiquitous concept for fine-tuning and regulating the reactivity of the active site of metalloenzymes, the surrounding protein domain creates a sophisticated environment that promotes substrate preorganization through secondary, noncovalent interactions such as hydrogen bonding or electrostatic interactions. Based on the high-resolution X-ray structure of PSII, several water channels were identified near the active site, which are filled with extensive hydrogen-bonding networks of preorganized water molecules, connecting the OEC with the protein surface. As an integral part of the outer coordination sphere of natural metalloenzymes, these channels control the substrate and product delivery, carefully regulate the proton flow by promoting pivotal proton-coupled electron transfer processes, and simultaneously stabilize short-lived oxidized intermediates, thus highlighting the importance of an ordered water network for the remarkable efficiency of the natural OEC.Transferring this concept from nature to the engineering of artificial metal catalysts for fuel production has fostered the fascinating field of metallosupramolecular chemistry by generating defined cavities that conceptually mimic enzymatic pockets. However, the application of supramolecular approaches to generate artificial water oxidation catalysts remained scarce prior to our initial reports, since such molecular design strategies for efficient activation of substrate water molecules in confined nanoenvironments were lacking. In this Account, we describe our research efforts on combining the state-of-the art Ru(bda) catalytic framework with structurally programmed ditopic ligands to guide the water oxidation process in defined metallosupramolecular assemblies in spatial proximity. We will elucidate the governing factors that control the quality of hydrogen-bonding water networks in multinuclear cavities of varying sizes and geometries to obtain high-performance, state-of-the-art water oxidation catalysts. Pushing the boundaries of artificial catalyst design, embedding a single catalytic Ru center into a well-defined molecular pocket enabled sophisticated water preorganization in front of the active site through an encoded basic recognition site, resulting in high catalytic rates comparable to those of the natural counterpart OEC-PSII.To fully explore their potential for solar fuel devices, the suitability of our metallosupramolecular assemblies was demonstrated under (electro)chemical and photocatalytic water oxidation conditions. In addition, testing the limits of structural diversity allowed the fabrication of self-assembled linear coordination oligomers as novel photocatalytic materials and long-range ordered covalent organic framework (COF) materials as recyclable and long-term stable solid-state materials for future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Noll
- Institut für Organische Chemie
& Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Frank Würthner
- Institut für Organische Chemie
& Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg Germany
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6
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de Gracia Triviño JA, Ahlquist MSG. Removing the Barrier in O-O Bond Formation Via the Combination of Intramolecular Radical Coupling and the Oxide Relay Mechanism. J Phys Chem A 2024; 128:3794-3800. [PMID: 38709647 PMCID: PMC11103688 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.4c00404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
The Ru(tda) catalyst has been a major milestone in the development of molecular water oxidation catalysts due to its outstanding performance at neutral pH. The role of the noncoordinating carboxylate group is to act as a nucleophile, donating an oxygen atom to the oxo group, thereby acting as an oxide relay (OR) mechanism for O-O bond formation. A substitution of the carboxylates for phosphonate groups has been proposed, resulting in the Ru(tPaO) catalyst, which has shown even more efficient performance in experimental characterization. In this study, we explore the feasibility of the OR mechanism in the newly reported Ru(tPaO) molecular catalyst. We investigated the catalytic cycle using density functional theory and identified a variation of the OR mechanism that involves radical oxygen atoms in O-O bond formation. We have also determined that the subsequent hydroxide nucleophilic attack is the sole rate-limiting step in the catalytic cycle. All activation free energies are very low, with a free-energy barrier of 2.1 kcal/mol for O-O bond formation and 4.2 kcal/mol for OH- nucleophilic attack.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Angel de Gracia Triviño
- Division
of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology, Department of Chemistry, School
of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
- PDC
Center for High-Performance Computing, School of Electrical Engineering
and Computer Science, KTH Royal Institute
of Technology, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mårten S. G. Ahlquist
- Division
of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology, Department of Chemistry, School
of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
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7
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Shee U, Sinha D, Mondal S, Rajak KK. Electrochemical water oxidation reaction by dinuclear Re(V) oxo complexes with a 1,4-benzoquinone core via the redox induced electron transfer (RIET) process. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:8254-8263. [PMID: 38656393 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00057a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
We report two dinuclear rhenium(V) oxo complexes 1 and 2 types, [ReV(O)(Cl)3(L2-)ReV(O)(Cl)3][NBu4]2 (1, L2- = dianionic 2,5-dihydroxy 1,4-benzoquinone (DBQ2-)) and (2, L2- = dianionic chloranilic acid (CA2-) ligands), as a homogeneous electrocatalyst for water oxidation reactions in the acetonitrile-water mixture. The evolution of dioxygen gas at the anode was confirmed by a GC-TCD study. In controlled potential electrolysis (CPE), oxidation at 1.30 V (vs. Ag/AgCl) at neutral pH, 1 and 2 afforded 1+ [ReVI(O)(Cl)3(DBQ˙3-)ReVI(O)(Cl)3]- and 2+ [ReVI(O)(Cl)3(CA˙3-)ReVI(O)(Cl)3]- ions, respectively, via the redox induced electron transfer (RIET) process. Electrochemically generated species of 1+ and 2+ could be isolated in dry acetonitrile. 1+ and 2+ ions give strong EPR signals in fluid solution as well as under frozen glass conditions due to the [ReVI(O)(Cl)3(L˙3-)ReVI(O)(Cl)3]- ↔ [ReVI(O)(Cl)3(L2-)ReV(O)(Cl)3]- (where L2- = DBQ2- and CA2-) equilibrium. However, the continuation of the CPE study (1.30 V vs. Ag/AgCl) in the presence of acetonitrile-water mixture oxidised the in situ generated species of 1+ and 2+ to higher valent ReVIO species. These species (1+ and 2+) bound water through the water nucleophilic attack (WNA) to produce peroxide intermediate species of [ReV(OOH)(Cl)3(DBQ2-)ReV(OOH)(Cl)3] (A1) and [ReV(OOH)(Cl)3(CA2-)ReV(OOH)(Cl)3] (A2) for catalysts 1 and 2, respectively. Interestingly, A1 and A2 were authenticated and analysed by ESI mass spectrometry and infrared spectroscopy and were the active precursors of this water oxidation process. The extent of current generation under similar conditions suggested that complex 1 is superior to complex 2 for the water oxidation reaction. Notably, the maximum turnover frequency (TOFmax) of catalysts 1 and 2 were 2.1 and 1.6 s-1 at 0.27 V and 0.24 V over potential, respectively, which is very significant in WOR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uday Shee
- Inorganic Chemistry Section, Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India.
| | - Debopam Sinha
- Inorganic Chemistry Section, Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India.
- Department of Chemistry, Vijaygarh Jyotish Ray College, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Sandip Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, Darjeeling Govt. College, Darjeeling, 734101, India.
| | - Kajal Krishna Rajak
- Inorganic Chemistry Section, Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India.
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8
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Lan Y, Zhang Y, Huang X, Bi Y. Unveiling Dynamic Structure and Bond Evolutions in BiOIO 3 Photocatalysts during CO 2 Reduction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024:e202407736. [PMID: 38735851 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202407736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
We have established a correlation between photocatalytic activity and dynamic structure/bond evolutions of BiOIO3-based photocatalysts during CO2 reduction by combining operando X-ray diffraction with photoelectron spectroscopy. More specifically, the selective photo-deposition of PtOx species on BiOIO3 (010) facets could effectively promote the electron enrichment on Bi active sites of (100) facets for facilitating the adsorption/activation of CO2 molecules, leading to the formation of Bi sites with high oxidation state and the shrink of crystalline structures. With introducing light irradiation to drive CO2 reduction, the Bi active sites with high oxidation states transformed into normal Bi3+ state, accompanying with the expansion of crystalline structures. Owing to the dynamic structure, bond, and chemical-state evolutions, a significant improvement of photocatalytic activity for CO evolution has been achieved on PtOx-BiOIO3 (195.0 μmol g-1 ⋅ h-1), much higher than the pristine (61.9 μmol g-1 ⋅ h-1) as well as metal-Pt decorated BiOIO3 (70.3 μmol g-1 ⋅ h-1) samples. This work provides new insights to correlate the intrinsically dynamic structure/bond evolutions with CO2 reduction activity, which may help to guide future photocatalyst design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Lan
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, National Engineering Research Center for Fine Petrochemical Intermediates, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yajun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, National Engineering Research Center for Fine Petrochemical Intermediates, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojuan Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, National Engineering Research Center for Fine Petrochemical Intermediates, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, P.R. China
| | - Yingpu Bi
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, National Engineering Research Center for Fine Petrochemical Intermediates, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, P.R. China
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9
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Brands M, Reek JNH. Mechanistic Insights into Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution by an Exceptionally Stable Cobalt Complex. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:8484-8492. [PMID: 38640469 PMCID: PMC11080059 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c01043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Co(aPPy) is one of the most stable and active molecular first-row transition-metal catalysts for proton reduction reported to date. Understanding the origin of its high performance via mechanistic studies could aid in developing even better catalysts. In this work, the catalytic mechanism of Co(aPPy) was electrochemically probed, in both organic solvents and water. We found that different mechanisms can occur depending on the solvent and the acidity of the medium. In organic solvent with a strong acid as the proton source, catalysis initiates directly after a single-electron reduction of CoII to CoI, whereas in the presence of a weaker acid, the cobalt center needs to be reduced twice before catalysis occurs. In the aqueous phase, we found drastically different electrochemical behavior, where the Co(aPPy) complex was found to be a precatalyst to a different electrocatalytic species. We propose that in this active catalyst, the pyridine ring has dissociated and acts as a proton relay at pH ≤ 5, which opens up a fast protonation pathway of the CoI intermediate and results in a high catalytic activity. Furthermore, we determined with constant potential bulk electrolysis that the catalyst is most stable at pH 3. The catalyst thus functions optimally at low pH in an aqueous environment, where the pyridine acts as a proton shuttle and where the high acidity also prevents catalyst deactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria
B. Brands
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-inspired
Catalysis, Van ‘t Hoff Institute
for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joost N. H. Reek
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-inspired
Catalysis, Van ‘t Hoff Institute
for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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10
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Li YY, Liao RZ. Exploring the Cooperation of the Redox Non-Innocent Ligand and Di-Cobalt Center for the Water Oxidation Reaction Catalyzed by a Binuclear Complex. CHEMSUSCHEM 2024:e202400123. [PMID: 38664234 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202400123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Water oxidation is a crucial reaction in the artificial photosynthesis system. In the present work, density functional calculations were employed to decipher the mechanism of water oxidation catalyzed by a binuclear cobalt complex, which was disclosed to be a homogeneous water oxidation catalyst in pH=7 phosphate buffer. The calculations showed that the catalytic cycle starts from the CoIII,III-OH2 species. Then, a proton-coupled electron transfer followed by a one-electron transfer process leads to the generation of the formal CoIV,IV-OH intermediate. The subsequent PCET produces the active species, namely the formal CoIV,V=O intermediate (4). The oxidation processes mainly occur on the ligand moiety, including the coordinated water moiety, implying a redox non-innocent behavior. Two cobalt centers keep their oxidation states and provide one catalytic center for water activation during the oxidation process. 4 triggers the O-O bond formation via the water nucleophilic attack pathway, in which the phosphate buffer ion functions as the proton acceptor. The O-O bond formation is the rate-limiting step with a calculated total barrier of 17.7 kcal/mol. The last electron oxidation process coupled with an intramolecular electron transfer results in the generation of O2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Ying Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou Normal University, Zhengzhou, 450044, P. R. China
| | - Rong-Zhen Liao
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, Hubei Key Laboratory of Materials Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
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11
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Cao Y, Wang D, Zhang Y, Li G, Gao C, Li W, Chen X, Chen X, Sun P, Dong Y, Cai Z, He Z. Multi-Functional Integration of Phosphor, Initiator, and Crosslinker for the Photo-Polymerization of Flexible Phosphorescent Polymer Gels. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202401331. [PMID: 38456641 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202401331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
A general approach to constructing room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) materials involves the incorporation of a phosphorescent emitter into a rigid host or polymers with high glass transition temperature. However, these materials often suffer from poor processability and suboptimal mechanical properties, limiting their practical applications. In this work, we developed benzothiadiazole-based dialkene (BTD-HEA), a multifunctional phosphorescent emitter with a remarkable yield of intersystem crossing (ΦISC, 99.83 %). Its high triplet exciton generation ability and dialkene structure enable BTD-HEA to act as a photoinitiator and crosslinker, efficiently initiating the polymerization of various monomers within 120 seconds. A range of flexible phosphorescence gels, including hydrogels, organogels, ionogels, and aerogels were fabricated, which exhibit outstanding stretchability and recoverability. Furthermore, the unique fluorescent-phosphorescent colorimetric properties of the gels provide a more sensitive method for the visual determination of the polymerization process. Notably, the phosphorescent emission intensity of the hydrogel can be increased by the formation of ice, allowing for the precise detection of hydrogel freezing. The versatility of this emitter paves the way for fabricating various flexible phosphorescence gels with diverse morphologies using microfluidics, film-shearing, roll coating process, and two/three-dimensional printing, showcasing its potential applications in the fields of bioimaging and bioengineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Cao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Dan Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
- Tangshan Research Institute, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yongfeng Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Gengchen Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Chong Gao
- Tangshan Research Institute, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Wei Li
- Tangshan Research Institute, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xiaoting Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
- Tangshan Research Institute, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xiaofei Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
- Tangshan Research Institute, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Peng Sun
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Sciences, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yuping Dong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zhengxu Cai
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
- Tangshan Research Institute, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zhiyuan He
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
- Tangshan Research Institute, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
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12
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Li X, Yang Q, Yuan Y, Shama Y, Yan H. Inhibiting Photo-Oxidation and Enhancing Visible-Light-Driven Photocatalytic Water Oxidation over Covalent Organic Frameworks Through the Coordination of Cobalt with Bipyridine. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2401168. [PMID: 38616769 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202401168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Photocatalytic water splitting using covalent organic frameworks (COFs) is a promising approach for harnessing solar energy. However, challenges such as slow kinetic dynamics in the photocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and COFs' self-oxidation hinder its progress. In this study, an enamine-based COF coordinated is introduced with cobalt dichloride, CoCl2 (CoCl2-TpBPy). The coordination of cobalt ions with bipyridines in CoCl2-TpBPy enhances charge-carrier separation and migration, leading to effective photocatalytic OER. Under visible light irradiation, CoCl2-TpBPy achieves a notable OER rate of up to 1 mmol·g-1·h-1, surpassing the reported organic semiconductor analogs. Additionally, CoCl2-TpBPy shows minimal nitrogen evolution compared to TpBPy and ethanol-treated TpBPy (E-TpBPy), indicating cobalt plays a pivotal role in improving charge utilization and minimizing photo-oxidation. In situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) analyses revealed that Co(IV) species are key to the high OER efficiency. This work highlights Co(IV) species in the efficient OER and inhibiting photo-oxidation of CoCl2-TpBPy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Li
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, No. 24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Qing Yang
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, No. 24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Yiqi Yuan
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, No. 24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Yongguo Shama
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, No. 24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Hongjian Yan
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, No. 24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, P. R. China
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13
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Terholsen H, Huerta-Zerón HD, Möller C, Junge H, Beller M, Bornscheuer UT. Photocatalytic CO 2 Reduction Using CO 2-Binding Enzymes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202319313. [PMID: 38324458 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202319313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Novel concepts to utilize carbon dioxide are required to reach a circular carbon economy and minimize environmental issues. To achieve these goals, photo-, electro-, thermal-, and biocatalysis are key tools to realize this, preferentially in aqueous solutions. Nevertheless, catalytic systems that operate efficiently in water are scarce. Here, we present a general strategy for the identification of enzymes suitable for CO2 reduction based on structural analysis for potential carbon dioxide binding sites and subsequent mutations. We discovered that the phenolic acid decarboxylase from Bacillus subtilis (BsPAD) promotes the aqueous photocatalytic CO2 reduction selectively to carbon monoxide in the presence of a ruthenium photosensitizer and sodium ascorbate. With engineered variants of BsPAD, TONs of up to 978 and selectivities of up to 93 % (favoring the desired CO over H2 generation) were achieved. Mutating the active site region of BsPAD further improved turnover numbers for CO generation. This also revealed that electron transfer is rate-limiting and occurs via multistep tunneling. The generality of this approach was proven by using eight other enzymes, all showing the desired activity underlining that a range of proteins is capable of photocatalytic CO2 reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrik Terholsen
- Institute of Biochemistry, Department of Biotechnology and Enzyme Catalysis, University of Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Straße 4, 17487, Greifswald, Germany
| | | | - Christina Möller
- Institute of Biochemistry, Department of Biotechnology and Enzyme Catalysis, University of Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Straße 4, 17487, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Henrik Junge
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis e.V., Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Matthias Beller
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis e.V., Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Uwe T Bornscheuer
- Institute of Biochemistry, Department of Biotechnology and Enzyme Catalysis, University of Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Straße 4, 17487, Greifswald, Germany
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14
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Yao L, Pütz AM, Vignolo-González H, Lotsch BV. Covalent Organic Frameworks as Single-Site Photocatalysts for Solar-to-Fuel Conversion. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:9479-9492. [PMID: 38547041 PMCID: PMC11009957 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c11539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Single-site photocatalysts (SSPCs) are well-established as potent platforms for designing innovative materials to accomplish direct solar-to-fuel conversion. Compared to classical inorganic porous materials, such as zeolites and silica, covalent organic frameworks (COFs)─an emerging class of porous polymers that combine high surface areas, structural diversity, and chemical stability─are attractive candidates for SSPCs due to their molecular-level precision and intrinsic light harvesting ability, both amenable to structural engineering. In this Perspective, we summarize the design concepts and state-of-the-art strategies for the construction of COF SSPCs, and we review the development of COF SSPCs and their applications in solar-to-fuel conversion from their inception. Underlying pitfalls concerning photocatalytic characterization are discussed, and perspectives for the future development of this burgeoning field are given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Yao
- Max
Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Alexander M. Pütz
- Max
Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Munich (LMU), Butenandtstrasse 5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Hugo Vignolo-González
- Max
Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Munich (LMU), Butenandtstrasse 5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Bettina V. Lotsch
- Max
Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Munich (LMU), Butenandtstrasse 5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany
- E-Conversion
and Center for Nanoscience, Lichtenbergstraße 4a, Garching, 85748 Munich, Germany
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15
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Guo Y, Sun J, Guo T, Liu Y, Yao Z. Emerging Light-Harvesting Materials Based on Organic Photovoltaic D/A Heterojunctions for Efficient Photocatalytic Water Splitting. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202319664. [PMID: 38240469 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202319664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Photocatalytic water splitting to hydrogen is a highly promising method to meet the surging energy consumption globally through the environmentally friendly means. As the initial step before photocatalysis, harvesting photons from sunlight is crucially important, thus making the design of photosensitizers with visible even near-infrared (NIR) absorptions get more and more attentions. In the past three years, organic donor/acceptor (D/A) heterojunctions with absorptions extending to 950 nm, have emerged as the new star light-harvesting materials for photocatalytic water splitting, demonstrating exciting advantages over inorganic materials in solar light utilization, hydrogen yielding rate, etc. This Minireview firstly gives a brief discussion about the principle processes and determining factors for photocatalytic water splitting with organic photovoltaic D/A heterojunction as photosensitizers. Thereafter, the current progress is summarized in details by introducing typical and excellent D/A heterojunction-based photocatalytic systems. Finally, not only the great prospects but also the most challenging issues confronted by organic D/A heterojunctions are indicated along with a perspective on the opportunities and new directions for future material explorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxiao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Chemistry, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Jiayuan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Chemistry, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Tao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Chemistry, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Yi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Chemistry, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Zhaoyang Yao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
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16
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Romito D, Govind C, Nikolaou V, Fernández-Terán RJ, Stoumpidi A, Agapaki E, Charalambidis G, Diring S, Vauthey E, Coutsolelos AG, Odobel F. Dye-Sensitized Photocatalysis: Hydrogen Evolution and Alcohol-to-Aldehyde Oxidation without Sacrifical Electron Donor. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202318868. [PMID: 38227346 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202318868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
There is a growing interest in developing dye-sensitized photocatalytic systems (DSPs) to produce molecular hydrogen (H2 ) as alternative energy source. To improve the sustainability of this technology, we replaced the sacrificial electron donor (SED), typically an expensive and polluting chemical, with an alcohol oxidation catalyst. This study demonstrates the first dye-sensitized system using a diketopyrrolopyrrole dye covalently linked to 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidine-N-oxyl (TEMPO) based catalyst for simultaneous H2 evolution and alcohol-to-aldehyde transformation operating in water with visible irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Romito
- Nantes Université, CNRS, CEISAM, UMR 6230, F-44000, Nantes, France
| | - Chinju Govind
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Geneva, 30 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, CH-1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Vasilis Nikolaou
- Nantes Université, CNRS, CEISAM, UMR 6230, F-44000, Nantes, France
| | - Ricardo J Fernández-Terán
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Geneva, 30 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, CH-1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Aspasia Stoumpidi
- Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Crete Voutes Campus, 70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Eleni Agapaki
- Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Crete Voutes Campus, 70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Georgios Charalambidis
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute , National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, 11635, Athens, Greece
| | - Stéphane Diring
- Nantes Université, CNRS, CEISAM, UMR 6230, F-44000, Nantes, France
| | - Eric Vauthey
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Geneva, 30 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, CH-1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Athanassios G Coutsolelos
- Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Crete Voutes Campus, 70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (IESL), Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH), Vassilika Vouton, GR 70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Fabrice Odobel
- Nantes Université, CNRS, CEISAM, UMR 6230, F-44000, Nantes, France
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17
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Yuan K, Tao K, Song T, Zhang Y, Zhang T, Wang F, Duan S, Chen Z, Li L, Zhang X, Zhong D, Tang Z, Lu TB, Hu W. Large-Area Conductive MOF Ultrathin Film Controllably Integrating Dinuclear-Metal Sites and Photosensitizers to Boost Photocatalytic CO 2 Reduction with H 2O as an Electron Donor. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:6893-6904. [PMID: 38426856 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c14036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Owing to the electrical conductivity and periodic porosity, conductive metal-organic framework (cMOF) ultrathin films open new perspectives to photocatalysis. The space-selective assembly of catalytic sites and photosensitizers in/on cMOF is favorable for promoting the separation of photogenerated carriers and mass transfer. However, the controllable integration of functional units into the cMOF film is rarely reported. Herein, via the synergistic effect of steric hindrance and an electrostatic-driven strategy, the dinuclear-metal molecular catalysts (DMC) and perovskite (PVK) quantum dot photosensitizers were immobilized into channels and onto the surface of cMOF ultrathin films, respectively, affording [DMC@cMOF]-PVK film photocatalysts. In this unique heterostructure, cMOF not only facilitated the charge transfer from PVK to DMC but also guaranteed mass transfer. Using H2O as an electron donor, [DMC@cMOF]-PVK realized a 133.36 μmol·g-1·h-1 CO yield in photocatalytic CO2 reduction, much higher than PVK and DMC-PVK. Owing to the excellent light transmission of films, multilayers of [DMC@cMOF]-PVK were integrated to increase the CO yield per unit area, and the 10-layer device realized a 1115.92 μmol·m-2 CO yield in 4 h, which was 8-fold higher than that of powder counterpart. This work not only lightens the development of cMOF-based composite films but also paves a novel avenue for an ultrathin film photocatalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo Yuan
- Institute for New Energy Materials and Low Carbon Technologies, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science & Key Laboratory of Organic Integrated Circuits, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Keying Tao
- Institute for New Energy Materials and Low Carbon Technologies, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Tianqun Song
- Institute for New Energy Materials and Low Carbon Technologies, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science & Key Laboratory of Organic Integrated Circuits, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Institute for New Energy Materials and Low Carbon Technologies, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Fei Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Shuming Duan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science & Key Laboratory of Organic Integrated Circuits, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou 350207, China
| | - Zheng Chen
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science & Key Laboratory of Organic Integrated Circuits, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Lujiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xiaotao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science & Key Laboratory of Organic Integrated Circuits, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Dichang Zhong
- Institute for New Energy Materials and Low Carbon Technologies, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Zhiyong Tang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Tong-Bu Lu
- Institute for New Energy Materials and Low Carbon Technologies, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Wenping Hu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science & Key Laboratory of Organic Integrated Circuits, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou 350207, China
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18
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Yuan L, Yao H, Shen Y, Zhang Y. A cyclometalated Pt(II)-Pt(II) clamshell dimer with a triplet emission at 887 nm. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:5125-5132. [PMID: 38379520 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt04335e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Here, a cyclometalated Pt(II) clamshell dimer (complex 2) has been synthesized with the primary ligand of dibenzo(f,h)quinoxaline and an ancillary ligand of N,N'-diphenylformamidine. In addition, a mononuclear Pt(II) complex 1a and a binuclear Pt(II) complex 1b were also prepared. Complex 1a was coordinated by one cyclometalated ligand of dibenzo(f,h)quinoxaline, one chloride ion, and one N,N'-diphenylformamidine. Complex 1b was coordinated by one cyclometalated ligand of dibenzo(f,h)quinoxaline, two chloride ions, and two N,N'-diphenylformamidines. All of these three complexes were characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS), elemental analyses, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD). The Pt-Pt distance in complex 2 was 2.8439(2) Å. It also exhibited a near-infrared (near-IR) emission at 887 nm in the pure solid state. On the other hand, complexes 1a and 1b exhibited triplet emission at 589 and 660 nm, respectively, in the pure solid state. Furthermore, in 2 wt% poly(Me methacrylate) (PMMA) films, complex 1a showed a triplet emission at 548 nm (with Φ = 84% and τ = 5.53 μs) and complex 1b showed an emission at 627 nm (with Φ = 79% and τ = 4.07 μs). Due to its great photophysical properties, complex 1b was deposited onto quartz plates for the detection of organic solvent vapors and it showed unique emission quenching for the vapor of tetrahydrofuran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lequn Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning 530006, Guangxi, China.
| | - Haibo Yao
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning 530006, Guangxi, China.
- Engineering Research Center for Industrial Wastewater Treatment and Reuse of Shandong Province, School of Chemical Engineering and Safety, Binzhou University, Binzhou 256603, Shandong, China
| | - Yunjun Shen
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning 530006, Guangxi, China.
| | - Yuzhen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning 530006, Guangxi, China.
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19
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Wang J, Ping Y, Chen Y, Liu S, Dong J, Ruan Z, Liang X, Lin J. Improvement of electrocatalytic water oxidation activity of novel copper complex by modulating the axial coordination of phosphate on metal center. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:5222-5229. [PMID: 38391031 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt03409g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
The structure of organic ligand scaffolds of copper complexes critically affects their electrocatalytic properties toward water oxidation, which is widely regarded as the bottleneck of overall water splitting. Herein, two novel mononuclear Cu complexes, [Cu(dmabpy)](ClO4)2 (1, dmabpy = 6,6'-bis(dimethylaminomethyl)-2,2'-bipyridine) and [Cu(mabpy)](ClO4)2 (2, mabpy = 6,6'-bis(methylaminomethyl)-2,2'-bipyridine), with four-coordinated distorted planar quadrilateral geometry were synthesized and explored as efficient catalysts for electrochemical oxygen evolution in phosphate buffer solution. Interestingly, complex 1 with a tertiary amine group catalyzes water oxidation with lower onset overpotential and better catalytic performance, while complex 2 containing a secondary amine fragment displays much lower catalytic activity under identical conditions. The water oxidation catalytic mechanism of the two complexes is proposed based on the electrochemical test results. Experimental methods indicate that phosphate coordinated on the Cu center of the two complexes inhibits their reaction with substrate water molecules, resulting in lower activity toward water oxidation. Electrochemical tests reveal that the structure of the coordinated nitrogen atom improves the catalytic performance of the Cu complexes by modulating the coordination of phosphate on the Cu center, indicating that a minor alteration of the coordinating nitrogen atom of the ligand has a detrimental effect on the catalytic performance of electrochemical WOCs based on transition metal complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieying Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Processing and Application of Catalytic Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang 438000, China.
| | - Yezi Ping
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Processing and Application of Catalytic Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang 438000, China.
| | - Yanmei Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Processing and Application of Catalytic Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang 438000, China.
| | - Shanshan Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Processing and Application of Catalytic Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang 438000, China.
| | - Jinfeng Dong
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Processing and Application of Catalytic Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang 438000, China.
| | - Zhijun Ruan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Processing and Application of Catalytic Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang 438000, China.
| | - Xiangming Liang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
| | - Junqi Lin
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Processing and Application of Catalytic Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang 438000, China.
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20
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Singh A, Roy L. Evolution in the Design of Water Oxidation Catalysts with Transition-Metals: A Perspective on Biological, Molecular, Supramolecular, and Hybrid Approaches. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:9886-9920. [PMID: 38463281 PMCID: PMC10918817 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c07847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Increased demand for a carbon-neutral sustainable energy scheme augmented by climatic threats motivates the design and exploration of novel approaches that reserve intermittent solar energy in the form of chemical bonds in molecules and materials. In this context, inspired by biological processes, artificial photosynthesis has garnered significant attention as a promising solution to convert solar power into chemical fuels from abundantly found H2O. Among the two redox half-reactions in artificial photosynthesis, the four-electron oxidation of water according to 2H2O → O2 + 4H+ + 4e- comprises the major bottleneck and is a severe impediment toward sustainable energy production. As such, devising new catalytic platforms, with traditional concepts of molecular, materials and biological catalysis and capable of integrating the functional architectures of the natural oxygen-evolving complex in photosystem II would certainly be a value-addition toward this objective. In this review, we discuss the progress in construction of ideal water oxidation catalysts (WOCs), starting with the ingenuity of the biological design with earth-abundant transition metal ions, which then diverges into molecular, supramolecular and hybrid approaches, blurring any existing chemical or conceptual boundaries. We focus on the geometric, electronic, and mechanistic understanding of state-of-the-art homogeneous transition-metal containing molecular WOCs and summarize the limiting factors such as choice of ligands and predominance of environmentally unrewarding and expensive noble-metals, necessity of high-valency on metal, thermodynamic instability of intermediates, and reversibility of reactions that create challenges in construction of robust and efficient water oxidation catalyst. We highlight how judicious heterogenization of atom-efficient molecular WOCs in supramolecular and hybrid approaches put forth promising avenues to alleviate the existing problems in molecular catalysis, albeit retaining their fascinating intrinsic reactivities. Taken together, our overview is expected to provide guiding principles on opportunities, challenges, and crucial factors for designing novel water oxidation catalysts based on a synergy between conventional and contemporary methodologies that will incite the expansion of the domain of artificial photosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajeet
Kumar Singh
- Institute of Chemical Technology
Mumbai−IOC Odisha Campus Bhubaneswar, IIT Kharagpur Extension
Centre, Bhubaneswar − 751013 India
| | - Lisa Roy
- Institute of Chemical Technology
Mumbai−IOC Odisha Campus Bhubaneswar, IIT Kharagpur Extension
Centre, Bhubaneswar − 751013 India
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21
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Bruggeman DF, Detz RJ, Mathew S, Reek JNH. Increased solar-driven chemical transformations through surface-induced benzoperylene aggregation in dye-sensitized photoanodes. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2024; 23:503-516. [PMID: 38363531 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-024-00534-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
The impact of benzo[ghi]perylenetriimide (BPTI) dye aggregation on the performance of photoelectrochemical devices was explored, through imide-substitution with either alkyl (BPTI-A, 2-ethylpropyl) or bulky aryl (BPTI-B, 2,6-diisopropylphenyl) moieties, to, respectively, enable or suppress aggregation. While both dyes demonstrated similar monomeric optoelectronic properties in solution, adsorption onto mesoporous SnO2 revealed different behavior, with BPTI-A forming aggregates via π-stacking and BPTI-B demonstrating reduced aggregation in the solid state. BPTI photoanodes were tested in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) before application to dye-sensitized photoelectrochemical cells (DSPECs) for Br2 production (a strong oxidant) coupled to H2 generation (a solar fuel). BPTI-A demonstrated a twofold higher dye loading of the SnO2 surface than BPTI-B, resulting in a fivefold enhancement to both photocurrent and Br2 production. The enhanced output of the photoelectrochemical systems (with respect to dye loading) was attributed to both J- and H- aggregation phenomena in BPTI-A photoanodes that lead to improved light harvesting. Our investigation provides a strategy to exploit self-assembly via aggregation to improve molecular light-harvesting and charge separation properties that can be directly applied to dye-sensitized photoelectrochemical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Didjay F Bruggeman
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bioinspired Catalysis, van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Remko J Detz
- Energy Transition Studies, Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), Radarweg 60, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Simon Mathew
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bioinspired Catalysis, van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joost N H Reek
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bioinspired Catalysis, van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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22
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Hong YH, Nilajakar M, Lee YM, Nam W, Fukuzumi S. Artificial Photosynthesis for Regioselective Reduction of NAD(P) + to NAD(P)H Using Water as an Electron and Proton Source. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:5152-5161. [PMID: 38350862 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c10369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
In photosynthesis, four electrons and four protons taken from water in photosystem II (PSII) are used to reduce NAD(P)+ to produce NAD(P)H in photosystem I (PSI), which is the most important reductant to reduce CO2. Despite extensive efforts to mimic photosynthesis, artificial photosynthesis to produce NAD(P)H using water electron and proton sources has yet to be achieved. Herein, we report the photocatalytic reduction of NAD(P)+ to NAD(P)H and its analogues in a molecular model of PSI, which is combined with water oxidation in a molecular model of PSII. Photoirradiation of a toluene/trifluoroethanol (TFE)/borate buffer aqueous solution of hydroquinone derivatives (X-QH2), 9-mesityl-10-methylacridinium ion, cobaloxime, and NAD(P)+ (PSI model) resulted in the quantitative and regioselective formation of NAD(P)H and p-benzoquinone derivatives (X-Q). X-Q was reduced to X-QH2, accompanied by the oxidation of water to dioxygen under the photoirradiation of a toluene/TFE/borate buffer aqueous solution of [(N4Py)FeII]2+ (PSII model). The PSI and PSII models were combined using two glass membranes and two liquid membranes to produce NAD(P)H using water as an electron and proton source with the turnover number (TON) of 54. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time to achieve the stoichiometry of photosynthesis, photocatalytic reduction of NAD(P)+ by water to produce NAD(P)H and O2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Hyun Hong
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Madhuri Nilajakar
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Yong-Min Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Wonwoo Nam
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Shunichi Fukuzumi
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
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23
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Chen QF, Xian KL, Zhang HT, Su XJ, Liao RZ, Zhang MT. Pivotal Role of Geometry Regulation on O-O Bond Formation Mechanism of Bimetallic Water Oxidation Catalysts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202317514. [PMID: 38179807 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202317514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we highlight the impact of catalyst geometry on the formation of O-O bonds in Cu2 and Fe2 catalysts. A series of Cu2 complexes with diverse linkers are designed as electrocatalysts for water oxidation. Interestingly, the catalytic performance of these Cu2 complexes is enhanced as their molecular skeletons become more rigid, which contrasts with the behavior observed in our previous investigation with Fe2 analogs. Moreover, mechanistic studies reveal that the reactivity of the bridging O atom results in distinct pathways for O-O bond formation in Cu2 and Fe2 catalysts. In Cu2 systems, the coupling takes place between a terminal CuIII -OH and a bridging μ-O⋅ radical. Whereas in Fe2 systems, it involves the coupling of two terminal Fe-oxo entities. Furthermore, an in-depth structure-activity analysis uncovers the spatial geometric prerequisites for the coupling of the terminal OH with the bridging μ-O⋅ radical, ultimately leading to the O-O bond formation. Overall, this study emphasizes the critical role of precisely adjusting the spatial geometry of catalysts to align with the O-O bonding pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Fa Chen
- Center of Basic Molecular Science (CBMS), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Ke-Lin Xian
- Key Laboratory for Large-Format Battery Materials and System, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, China
| | - Hong-Tao Zhang
- Center of Basic Molecular Science (CBMS), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Jun Su
- Center of Basic Molecular Science (CBMS), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Rong-Zhen Liao
- Key Laboratory for Large-Format Battery Materials and System, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, China
| | - Ming-Tian Zhang
- Center of Basic Molecular Science (CBMS), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
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24
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Li J, Wang T, Xia S, Chen W, Ren Z, Sun M, Che L, Yang X, Zhou C. Site-Selective Excitation of Ti 3+ Ions in Rutile TiO 2 via Anisotropic Intra-Atomic 3d → 3d Transition. JACS AU 2024; 4:491-501. [PMID: 38425939 PMCID: PMC10900497 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.3c00600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Site-selective excitation (SSE), which is usually realized by tuning the wavelength of absorbed light, is an ideal way to study bond-selective chemistry, analyze the crystal structure, investigate protein conformation, etc., eventually leading to active manipulation of desired processes. Herein, SSE has been explored in (110)-, (100)-, and (011)-faced rutile TiO2, a prototypical material in both surface science and photocatalysis fields. Using ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy and photon energy-, substrate orientation-, and laser polarization-dependent two-photon photoemission spectroscopy (2PPE), intra-atomic 3d → 3d transition from the split Ti3+ 3d orbitals, i.e., band gap states and excited states at ∼1.00 eV below and ∼2.40 eV above the Fermi level, respectively, has been proven for all of the samples, suggesting that it is a common property of this material. The distinct structure of rutile TiO2 results in the anisotropic 3d → 3d transitions with the transition dipole moment along the long axes ([110] and [11̅0]) of TiO6 blocking units. This anisotropy facilitates the selective excitation of Ti3+ ions in the two types of TiO6, which cannot be realized by conventional wavelength tuning, via polarization alignment of the excitation source. Discovery in this work builds the foundation for future investigation of site-selective photophysical and photochemical processes and eventually possible active manipulation in this material at the atomic level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialong Li
- Department
of Physics, School of Science, Dalian Maritime
University, 116026 Dalian, China
- State
Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 116023 Dalian, China
| | - Tianjun Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 116023 Dalian, China
| | - Shucai Xia
- State
Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 116023 Dalian, China
| | - Wei Chen
- State
Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 116023 Dalian, China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, 100049 Beijing, China
| | - Zefeng Ren
- State
Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 116023 Dalian, China
| | - Min Sun
- Department
of Physics, School of Science, Dalian Maritime
University, 116026 Dalian, China
| | - Li Che
- Department
of Physics, School of Science, Dalian Maritime
University, 116026 Dalian, China
| | - Xueming Yang
- State
Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 116023 Dalian, China
- Department
of Chemistry, Southern University of Science
and Technology, 1088
Xueyuan Road, 518055 Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Chuanyao Zhou
- State
Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 116023 Dalian, China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, 100049 Beijing, China
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25
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Torres-Méndez C, Axelsson M, Tian H. Small Organic Molecular Electrocatalysts for Fuels Production. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202312879. [PMID: 37905977 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202312879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, heterocyclic organic compounds have been explored as molecular electrocatalysts in relevant reactions for energy conversion and storage. Merging mimetics of biological systems that perform hydride transfer with rational synthetic chemical design has opened many opportunities for organic molecules to be tuned at the atomic level conferring them interesting reactivities. These molecular electrocatalysts represent an alternative to traditional metallic materials and metal complexes employed for water oxidation, hydrogen production, and carbon dioxide reduction. This minireview describes recent reports concerning design, catalytic activity and the mechanism of synthetic molecular electrocatalysts towards solar fuels production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Torres-Méndez
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE-75120, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Martin Axelsson
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE-75120, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Haining Tian
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE-75120, Uppsala, Sweden
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26
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Li G, Ahlquist MSG. O-O bond formation via radical coupling in a dinuclear iron water oxidation catalyst with high catalytic activity. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:2456-2459. [PMID: 38269597 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt03178k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
The use of iron-based catalysts for the water oxidation reaction is highly attractive due to the high abundance of iron. While many molecular catalysts have been made, most show limited activity and short lifetimes. An exception with higher activity was presented by Thummel and co-workers in 2015. Herein we present a study on the feasibility of the coupling of two O centered radicals originating from the two subunits of the dinuclear catalyst. The reaction pathway includes the oxidation to the active species FeIV-O-FeIV but avoids further high potential oxidations which previous mechanistic proposals have relied on.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Li
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry & Biology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Mårten S G Ahlquist
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry & Biology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
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27
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Lin Q, Luo C, Jin D, Zhou L, Zhang R, Wang X. Precise Tuning of Bilayer Ultrasmall MoS 2 Featuring Inhibition of Carrier Recombination and Fast Surface Chemistry for Green H 2 Evolution. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2305888. [PMID: 37726232 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202305888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Achieving water splitting to produce green H2 , using the noble-metal-free MoS2 , has attracted huge interest from researchers. However, tuning the number of MoS2 layers precisely while obtaining small lateral sizes to surge the H2 -evolution rate is a tremendous challenge. Here, a bottom-up strategy is designed for the in situ growth of ultrasmall lateral-sized MoS2 with tunable layers on CdS nanorods (CN) by controlling the decomposition temperature and concentration of substrate seed (NH4 )2 MoS4 . Here, the bilayer MoS2 and CN coupling (2L-MoS2 /CN) exhibits the optimum photocatalytic activity. Compared to thicker MoS2 , the 2L-MoS2 has sufficient reduction capacity to drive photocatalytic H2 evolution and the ultrasmall lateral size provides more active sites. Meanwhile, the indirect bandgap, in contrast to the direct bandgap of the monolayer MoS2 , suppresses the carrier recombination transferred to 2L-MoS2 . Under the synergistic effect of both, 2L-MoS2 /CN has fast surface chemical reactions, resulting in the photocatalytic H2 -evolution rate of up to 41.86 mmol g-1 h-1 . A novel strategy is provided here for tuning the MoS2 layers to achieve efficient H2 evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingzhuo Lin
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Environment and Energy Catalysis, the School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Road, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Chonghan Luo
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Environment and Energy Catalysis, the School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Road, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Dai Jin
- School of Future Technology, Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Road, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Ling Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Environment and Energy Catalysis, the School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Road, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Rongbin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Environment and Energy Catalysis, the School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Road, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Xuewen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Environment and Energy Catalysis, the School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Road, Nanchang, 330031, China
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28
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Klingler S, Hlavatsch M, Bagemihl B, Mengele AK, Gaus AL, von Delius M, Rau S, Mizaikoff B. An Algebraic Blueprint for Predicting Turnover Numbers and Endpoints in Photocatalysis. Chemphyschem 2024; 25:e202300767. [PMID: 38084394 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202300767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Photocatalysis is a contemporary research field given that the world's fossil energy resources including coal, mineral oil and natural gas are finite. The vast variety of photocatalytic systems demands for standardized protocols facilitating an objective comparison. While there are commonly accepted performance indicators such as the turnover number (TON) that are usually reported, to date there is no unified concept for the determination of TONs and the endpoint of the reaction during continuous measurements. Herein, we propose an algebraic approach using defined parameters and boundary conditions based on partial-least squares regression for generically calculating and predicting the turnover number and the endpoint of a photocatalytic experiment. Furthermore, the impact of the analysis period was evaluated with respect to the fidelity of the obtained TON, and the influence of the data point density along critical segments of the obtained fitting function is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Klingler
- Institute of Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Michael Hlavatsch
- Institute of Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Benedikt Bagemihl
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry I, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Alexander K Mengele
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry I, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Anna-Laurine Gaus
- Institute of Organic Chemistry I, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Max von Delius
- Institute of Organic Chemistry I, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Sven Rau
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry I, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Boris Mizaikoff
- Institute of Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
- Hahn-Schickard, Sedanstraße 14, 89077, Ulm, Germany
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29
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Yu S, Zhu RX, Niu KK, Han N, Liu H, Xing LB. Switchover from singlet oxygen to superoxide radical through a photoinduced two-step sequential energy transfer process. Chem Sci 2024; 15:1870-1878. [PMID: 38303940 PMCID: PMC10829035 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc05820d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The competitive nature of type II photosensitizers in the transfer of excitation energy for the generation of singlet oxygen (1O2) presents significant challenges in the design of type I photosensitizers to produce the superoxide anion radical (O2˙-). In this study, we present an efficient method for the direct transformation of type II photosensitizers into type I photosensitizers through the implementation of an artificial light-harvesting system (ALHSs) involving a two-step sequential energy transfer process. The designed supramolecular complex (DNPY-SBE-β-CD) not only has the ability to generate 1O2 as type II photosensitizers, but also demonstrates remarkable fluorescence properties in aqueous solution, which renders it an efficient energy donor for the development of type I photosensitizers ALHSs, thereby enabling the efficient generation of O2˙-. Meanwhile, to ascertain the capability and practicality of this method, two organic reactions were conducted, namely the photooxidation reaction of thioanisole and oxidative hydroxylation of arylboronic acids, both of which display a high level of efficiency and exhibit significant catalytic performance. This work provides an efficient method for turning type II photosensitizers into type I photosensitizers by a two-step sequential energy transfer procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengsheng Yu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology Zibo Shandong 255000 P. R. China
| | - Rong-Xin Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology Zibo Shandong 255000 P. R. China
| | - Kai-Kai Niu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology Zibo Shandong 255000 P. R. China
| | - Ning Han
- Department of Materials Engineering, KU Leuven Leuven 3001 Belgium
| | - Hui Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology Zibo Shandong 255000 P. R. China
| | - Ling-Bao Xing
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology Zibo Shandong 255000 P. R. China
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30
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Chen W, Lin H, Yu W, Huang Y, Lv F, Bai H, Wang S. Organic Semiconducting Polymers for Augmenting Biosynthesis and Bioconversion. JACS AU 2024; 4:3-19. [PMID: 38274265 PMCID: PMC10806880 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.3c00576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Solar-driven biosynthesis and bioconversion are essential for achieving sustainable resources and renewable energy. These processes harness solar energy to produce biomass, chemicals, and fuels. While they offer promising avenues, some challenges and limitations should be investigated and addressed for their improvement and widespread adoption. These include the low utilization of light energy, the inadequate selectivity of products, and the limited utilization of inorganic carbon/nitrogen sources. Organic semiconducting polymers offer a promising solution to these challenges by collaborating with natural microorganisms and developing artificial photosynthetic biohybrid systems. In this Perspective, we highlight the latest advancements in the use of appropriate organic semiconducting polymers to construct artificial photosynthetic biohybrid systems. We focus on how these systems can enhance the natural photosynthetic efficiency of photosynthetic organisms, create artificial photosynthesis capability of nonphotosynthetic organisms, and customize the value-added chemicals of photosynthetic synthesis. By examining the structure-activity relationships and emphasizing the mechanism of electron transfer based on organic semiconducting polymers in artificial photosynthetic biohybrid systems, we aim to shed light on the potential of this novel strategy for artificial photosynthetic biohybrid systems. Notably, these coupling strategies between organic semiconducting polymers and organisms during artificial photosynthetic biohybrid systems will pave the way for a more sustainable future with solar fuels and chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijian Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory
for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Hongrui Lin
- Beijing National Laboratory
for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Wen Yu
- Beijing National Laboratory
for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Yiming Huang
- Beijing National Laboratory
for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Fengting Lv
- Beijing National Laboratory
for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Haotian Bai
- Beijing National Laboratory
for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Shu Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory
for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
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31
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Zhou E, Zhang X, Zhu L, Chai E, Chen J, Li J, Yuan D, Kang L, Sun Q, Wang Y. Ultrathin covalent organic framework nanosheets for enhanced photocatalytic water oxidation. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadk8564. [PMID: 38232160 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adk8564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Photocatalytic water oxidation is a key half-reaction for various solar-to-fuel conversion systems but requires simultaneous water affinity and hole accumulation at the photocatalytic site. Here, we present the rational design and synthesis of an ionic-type covalent organic framework (COF) named tetraphenylporphyrin cobalt and cobalt bipyridine complex (CoTPP-CoBpy3) COF, combining cobalt porphyrin and cobalt bipyridine building blocks as a photocatalyst for water oxidation. The good dispersibility of porous large-size (>2 micrometers) COF nanosheets (≈1.45 nanometers) facilitates local water collection; the ultrafast triplet-state charge transfer (1.8 picoseconds) and prolonged charge separation (1.2 nanoseconds) further contribute to the efficient accumulation of holes in the CoTPP moiety, leading to a photocatalytic dioxygen production rate of 7323 micromoles per gram per hour. Moreover, we have identified an end-on superoxide radical (O2·) intermediate at the active site of the CoTPP moiety and proposed an electron-intermediate cascade mechanism that elucidates the synergistic coupling of electron relay (S1-T1-T1') and intermediate evolution during the photocatalytic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enbo Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002 Fujian, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002 Fujian, P. R. China
- Fujian Science and Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, 350108 Fujian, P. R. China
| | - Lei Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan, 243002 Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Erchong Chai
- Institute of Molecular Engineering Plus, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, P. R. China
| | - Jinsong Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002 Fujian, P. R. China
| | - Jie Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002 Fujian, P. R. China
| | - Daqiang Yuan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002 Fujian, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Longtian Kang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002 Fujian, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Qingfu Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002 Fujian, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yaobing Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002 Fujian, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
- Fujian Science and Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, 350108 Fujian, P. R. China
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Marchini E, Caramori S, Carli S. Metal Complexes for Dye-Sensitized Photoelectrochemical Cells (DSPECs). Molecules 2024; 29:293. [PMID: 38257206 PMCID: PMC10818894 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29020293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Since Mallouk's earliest contribution, dye-sensitized photoelectrochemical cells (DSPECs) have emerged as a promising class of photoelectrochemical devices capable of storing solar light into chemical bonds. This review primarily focuses on metal complexes outlining stabilization strategies and applications. The ubiquity and safety of water have made its splitting an extensively studied reaction; here, we present some examples from the outset to recent advancements. Additionally, alternative oxidative pathways like HX splitting and organic reactions mediated by a redox shuttle are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo Marchini
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Stefano Caramori
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Stefano Carli
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
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Chen JN, Pan ZH, Qiu QH, Wang C, Long LS, Zheng LS, Kong XJ. Soluble Gd 6Cu 24 clusters: effective molecular electrocatalysts for water oxidation. Chem Sci 2024; 15:511-515. [PMID: 38179510 PMCID: PMC10762933 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc05849b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The water oxidation half reaction in water splitting for hydrogen production is extremely rate-limiting. This study reports the synthesis of two heterometallic clusters (Gd6Cu24-IM and Gd6Cu24-AC) for application as efficient water oxidation catalysts. Interestingly, the maximum turnover frequency of Gd6Cu24-IM in an NaAc solution of a weak acid (pH 6) was 319 s-1. The trimetallic catalytic site, H2O-GdIIICuII2-H2O, underwent two consecutive two-electron two-proton coupled transfer processes to form high-valent GdIII-O-O-CuIII2 intermediates. Furthermore, the O-O bond was formed via intramolecular interactions between the CuIII and GdIII centers. The results of this study revealed that synergistic catalytic water oxidation between polymetallic sites can be an effective strategy for regulating O-O bond formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Nan Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Zhong-Hua Pan
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Qi-Hao Qiu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - La-Sheng Long
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Lan-Sun Zheng
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Xiang-Jian Kong
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
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Ezhov R, Bury G, Maximova O, Grant ED, Kondo M, Masaoka S, Pushkar Y. Pentanuclear iron complex for water oxidation: spectroscopic analysis of reactive intermediates in solution and catalyst immobilization into the MOF-based photoanode. J Catal 2024; 429:115230. [PMID: 38187083 PMCID: PMC10769158 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2023.115230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Photoelectrochemical water splitting can produce green hydrogen for industrial use and CO2-neutral transportation, ensuring the transition from fossil fuels to green, renewable energy sources. The iron-based electrocatalyst [FeII4FeIII(μ-3-O)(μ-L)6]3+ (LH = 3,5-bis(2-pyridyl)pyrazole) (1), discovered in 2016, is one of the fastest molecular water oxidation catalysts (WOC) based on earth-abundant elements. However, its water oxidation reaction mechanism has not been yet fully elucidated. Here, we present in situ X-ray spectroscopy and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) analysis of electrochemical water oxidation reaction (WOR) promoted by (1) in water-acetonitrile solution. We observed transient reactive intermediates during the in situ electrochemical WOR, consistent with a coordination sphere expansion prior to the onset of catalytic current. At a pre-catalytic (~+1.1 V vs. Ag/AgCl) potential, the distinct g~2.0 EPR signal assigned to FeIII/FeIV interaction was observed. Prolonged bulk electrolysis at catalytic (~+1.6 V vs. Ag/AgCl) potential leads to the further oxidation of Fe centers in (1). At the steady state achieved with such electrolysis, the formation of hypervalent FeV=O and FeIV=O catalytic intermediates was inferred with XANES and EXAFS fitting, detecting a short Fe=O bond at ~1.6 Å. (1) was embedded into MIL-126 MOF with the formation of (1)-MIL-126 composite. The latter was tested in photoelectrochemical WOR and demonstrated an improvement of electrocatalytic current upon visible light irradiation in acidic (pH=2) water solution. The presented spectroscopic analysis gives further insight into the catalytic pathways of multinuclear systems and should help the subsequent development of more energy- and cost-effective catalysts of water splitting based on earth-abundant metals. Photoelectrocatalytic activity of (1)-MIL-126 confirms the possibility of creating an assembly of (1) inside a solid support and boosting it with solar irradiation towards industrial applications of the catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Ezhov
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907 USA
| | - Gabriel Bury
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907 USA
| | - Olga Maximova
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907 USA
| | - Elliot Daniel Grant
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907 USA
| | - Mio Kondo
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shigeyuki Masaoka
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yulia Pushkar
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907 USA
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35
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Peng LY, Pan GN, Chen WK, Liu XY, Fang WH, Cui G. Photocatalytic Reduction of CO 2 to HCOOH and CO by a Phosphine-Bipyridine-Phosphine Ir(III) Catalyst: Photophysics, Nonadiabatic Effects, Mechanism, and Selectivity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023:e202315300. [PMID: 38085965 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202315300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Photocatalytic CO2 reduction is one of the best solutions to solve the global energy crisis and to realize carbon neutralization. The tetradentate phosphine-bipyridine (bpy)-phosphine (PNNP)-type Ir(III) photocatalyst, Mes-IrPCY2, was reported with a high HCOOH selectivity but the photocatalytic mechanism remains elusive. Herein, we employ electronic structure methods in combination with radiative, nonradiative, and electron transfer rate calculations, to explore the entire photocatalytic cycle to either HCOOH or CO, based on which a new mechanistic scenario is proposed. The catalytic reduction reaction starts from the generation of the precursor metal-to-ligand charge transfer (3 MLCT) state. Subsequently, the divergence happens from the 3 MLCT state, the single electron transfer (SET) and deprotonation process lead to the formation of one-electron-reduced species and Ir(I) species, which initiate the reduction reaction to HCOOH and CO, respectively. Interestingly, the efficient occurrence of proton or electron transfer reduces barriers of critical steps. In addition, nonadiabatic transitions play a nonnegligible role in the cycle. We suggest a lower free-energy barrier in the reaction-limiting step and the very efficient SET in 3 MLCT are cooperatively responsible for a high HCOOH selectivity. The gained mechanistic insights could help chemists to understand, regulate, and design photocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction of similar function-integrated molecular photocatalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Ya Peng
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Guang-Ning Pan
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Wen-Kai Chen
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Xiang-Yang Liu
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, 610068, China
| | - Wei-Hai Fang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei, 230088, China
| | - Ganglong Cui
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei, 230088, China
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36
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Huang GZ, Xia YS, Yang F, Long WJ, Liu JJ, Liao JP, Zhang M, Liu J, Lan YQ. On-Off Switching of a Photocatalytic Overall Reaction through Dynamic Spin-State Transition in a Hofmann Clathrate System. J Am Chem Soc 2023. [PMID: 38048529 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c09513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
Spin-state transition is a vital factor that dominates catalytic processes, but unveiling its mechanism still faces the great challenge of the lack of catalyst model systems. Herein, we propose that the {Fe-Pt} Hofmann clathrates, whose dynamic spin-state transition of metal centers can be chemically manipulated through iodine treatment, can serve as model systems in the spin-related structural-catalytic relationship study. Taking the photocatalytic synthesis of H2O2 as the basic catalytic reaction, when the spin state of Fe(II) in the clathrate is high spin (HS), sacrificial agents are indispensable to the photosynthesis of H2O2 because only the photocatalytic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) occurs; when it is low spin (LS), both the ORR and water oxidation reaction (WOR) can take place, enabling a high H2O2 photosynthesis rate of 66 000 μM g-1 h-1 under visible-light irradiation. In situ characterizations combined with density functional theory calculations confirmed that, compared with the HS-state counterpart, the LS state can induce strong charge transfer between the LS Fe(II) and the iodide-coordinating Pt(IV) in the polymer and reduce the energy barriers for both the ORR and WOR processes, dominating the on-off switching upon the photosynthesis of H2O2 in O2-saturated water. What's more, the one-pot tandem reactions were conducted to utilize the synthesized H2O2 for transforming the low-value-added sodium alkenesulfonates into value-added bromohydrin products with decent conversion rates. This work provides a pioneering investigation into on-off switching the photocatalytic overall reaction through manipulating the metallic spin-state transition in spin-crossover systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Zhang Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalytic Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Yuan-Sheng Xia
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of MPTES in High Energy and Safety LIBs, Engineering Research Center of MTEES (Ministry of Education), and Key Laboratory of ETESPG (GHEI), School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Feng Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalytic Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Wei-Jian Long
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of MPTES in High Energy and Safety LIBs, Engineering Research Center of MTEES (Ministry of Education), and Key Laboratory of ETESPG (GHEI), School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jing-Jing Liu
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of MPTES in High Energy and Safety LIBs, Engineering Research Center of MTEES (Ministry of Education), and Key Laboratory of ETESPG (GHEI), School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jia-Peng Liao
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of MPTES in High Energy and Safety LIBs, Engineering Research Center of MTEES (Ministry of Education), and Key Laboratory of ETESPG (GHEI), School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Mi Zhang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of MPTES in High Energy and Safety LIBs, Engineering Research Center of MTEES (Ministry of Education), and Key Laboratory of ETESPG (GHEI), School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jiang Liu
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of MPTES in High Energy and Safety LIBs, Engineering Research Center of MTEES (Ministry of Education), and Key Laboratory of ETESPG (GHEI), School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ya-Qian Lan
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of MPTES in High Energy and Safety LIBs, Engineering Research Center of MTEES (Ministry of Education), and Key Laboratory of ETESPG (GHEI), School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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37
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Velasco-Garcia L, Casadevall C. Bioinspired photocatalytic systems towards compartmentalized artificial photosynthesis. Commun Chem 2023; 6:263. [PMID: 38049562 PMCID: PMC10695942 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-023-01069-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Artificial photosynthesis aims to produce fuels and chemicals from simple building blocks (i.e. water and carbon dioxide) using sunlight as energy source. Achieving effective photocatalytic systems necessitates a comprehensive understanding of the underlying mechanisms and factors that control the reactivity. This review underscores the growing interest in utilizing bioinspired artificial vesicles to develop compartmentalized photocatalytic systems. Herein, we summarize different scaffolds employed to develop artificial vesicles, and discuss recent examples where such systems are used to study pivotal processes of artificial photosynthesis, including light harvesting, charge transfer, and fuel production. These systems offer valuable lessons regarding the appropriate choice of membrane scaffolds, reaction partners and spatial arrangement to enhance photocatalytic activity, selectivity and efficiency. These studies highlight the pivotal role of the membrane to increase the stability of the immobilized reaction partners, generate a suitable local environment, and force proximity between electron donor and acceptor molecules (or catalysts and photosensitizers) to increase electron transfer rates. Overall, these findings pave the way for further development of bioinspired photocatalytic systems for compartmentalized artificial photosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Velasco-Garcia
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Avinguda dels Països Catalans, 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
- Department of Physical and Inorganic Chemistry, University Rovira i Virgili (URV), C/ Marcel.lí Domingo, 1, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Carla Casadevall
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Avinguda dels Països Catalans, 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain.
- Department of Physical and Inorganic Chemistry, University Rovira i Virgili (URV), C/ Marcel.lí Domingo, 1, 43007, Tarragona, Spain.
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38
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Alvarez-Hernandez JL, Salamatian AA, Sopchak AE, Bren KL. Hydrogen evolution catalysis by a cobalt porphyrin peptide: A proposed role for porphyrin propionic acid groups. J Inorg Biochem 2023; 249:112390. [PMID: 37801884 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2023.112390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
Cobalt microperoxidase-11 (CoMP11-Ac) is a cobalt porphyrin-peptide catalyst for hydrogen (H2) evolution from water. Herein, we assess electrocatalytic activity of CoMP11-Ac from pH 1.0-10.0. This catalyst remains intact and active under highly acidic conditions (pH 1.0) that are desirable for maximizing H2 evolution activity. Analysis of electrochemical data indicate that H2 evolution takes place by two pH-dependent mechanisms. At pH < 4.3, a proton transfer mechanism involving the propionic acid groups of the porphyrin is proposed, decreasing the catalytic overpotential by 280 mV.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alison A Salamatian
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester. Rochester, NY 14627-0216, United States.
| | - Andrew E Sopchak
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester. Rochester, NY 14627-0216, United States.
| | - Kara L Bren
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester. Rochester, NY 14627-0216, United States.
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39
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Lang SM, Bernhardt TM, Bakker JM, Barnett RN, Landman U. Cluster size dependent coordination of formate to free manganese oxide clusters. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:32166-32172. [PMID: 37986571 PMCID: PMC10686260 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp04035f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
The interaction of free manganese oxide clusters, MnxOy+ (x = 1-9, y = 0-12), with formic acid was studied via infrared multiple-photon dissociation (IR-MPD) spectroscopy together with calculations using density functional theory (DFT). Clusters containing only one Mn atom, such as MnO2+ and MnO4+, bind formic acid as an intact molecule in both the cis- and trans-configuration. In contrast, all clusters containing two or more manganese atoms deprotonate the acid's hydroxyl group. The coordination of the resulting formate group is strongly cluster-size-dependent according to supporting DFT calculations for selected model systems. For Mn2O2+ the co-existence of two isomers with the formate bound in a bidentate bridging and chelating configurations, respectively, is found, whereas for Mn2O4+ the bidentate chelating configuration is preferred. In contrast, the bidentate bridging structure is energetically considerably more favorable for Mn4O4+. This binding motif stabilizes the 2D ring structure of the core of the Mn4O4+ cluster with respect to the 3D cubic geometry of the Mn4O4+ cluster core.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra M Lang
- Institute of Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 47, 89069 Ulm, Germany.
| | - Thorsten M Bernhardt
- Institute of Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 47, 89069 Ulm, Germany.
| | - Joost M Bakker
- Radboud University, Institute for Molecules and Materials, FELIX Laboratory, Toernooiveld 7, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Robert N Barnett
- School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332-0430, USA
| | - Uzi Landman
- School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332-0430, USA
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40
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Kataoka Y, Sato K, Yano N. Hydroxypyridinate-bridged paddlewheel-type dirhodium complex as a catalyst for photochemical and electrochemical hydrogen evolution. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:204304. [PMID: 38014787 DOI: 10.1063/5.0173976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Electrochemical and photochemical hydrogen (H2) evolution activities of a 6-fluoro-2-hydroxypyridinate (fhp-)-bridged paddlewheel-type dirhodium (Rh2) complex, [Rh2(fhp)4], were investigated through experimental and theoretical approaches. In DMF, the [Rh2(fhp)4] underwent a one-electron reduction (assigned to Rh24+/3+) at -1.31 V vs SCE in the cathodic region. Adding trifluoroacetic acid as a proton source to the electrochemical cell containing [Rh2(fhp)4], the significant catalytic current, i.e., electrochemical H2 evolution, was observed; the turnover frequency and overpotential of electrochemical H2 evolution were 18 244 s-1 and 732 mV, respectively. The reaction mechanism of electrochemical H2 evolution catalyzed by [Rh2(fhp)4] in DMF was examined in detail by theoretically predicting the redox potentials and pKa values of the reaction intermediates using density functional theory calculations. The calculations revealed that (i) the formation of a one-electron reduced species, [Rh2(fhp)4]-, triggered for H2 evolution and (ii) the protonation and reduction processes of [Rh2(fhp)4]- to further reduced hydride intermediates proceeded directly via a concerted proton-electron transfer mechanism. Moreover, [Rh2(fhp)4] was shown to be a highly efficient H2 evolution catalyst (HEC) for photochemical proton reduction reactions when combined with an artificial photosynthetic (AP) system containing [Ir(ppy)2(dtbbpy)]PF6 and triethylamine, which served as a photosensitizer and a sacrificial electron donor, respectively. Under visible light irradiation, the total amount of H2 evolved and its turnover number (per Rh ion) were 1361.0 µmol and 13 610, respectively, which are superior to those of previously reported AP systems with rhodium complexes as HEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Kataoka
- Department of Chemistry, Natural Science of Technology, Shimane University, 1060, Nishikawatsu, Matsue, Shimane 690-8504, Japan
| | - Kozo Sato
- Department of Chemistry, Natural Science of Technology, Shimane University, 1060, Nishikawatsu, Matsue, Shimane 690-8504, Japan
| | - Natsumi Yano
- Department of Chemistry, Natural Science of Technology, Shimane University, 1060, Nishikawatsu, Matsue, Shimane 690-8504, Japan
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41
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Huang NY, Zheng YT, Chen D, Chen ZY, Huang CZ, Xu Q. Reticular framework materials for photocatalytic organic reactions. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:7949-8004. [PMID: 37878263 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00289b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Photocatalytic organic reactions, harvesting solar energy to produce high value-added organic chemicals, have attracted increasing attention as a sustainable approach to address the global energy crisis and environmental issues. Reticular framework materials, including metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent organic frameworks (COFs), are widely considered as promising candidates for photocatalysis owing to their high crystallinity, tailorable pore environment and extensive structural diversity. Although the design and synthesis of MOFs and COFs have been intensively developed in the last 20 years, their applications in photocatalytic organic transformations are still in the preliminary stage, making their systematic summary necessary. Thus, this review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding and useful guidelines for the exploration of suitable MOF and COF photocatalysts towards appropriate photocatalytic organic reactions. The commonly used reactions are categorized to facilitate the identification of suitable reaction types. From a practical viewpoint, the fundamentals of experimental design, including active species, performance evaluation and external reaction conditions, are discussed in detail for easy experimentation. Furthermore, the latest advances in photocatalytic organic reactions of MOFs and COFs, including their composites, are comprehensively summarized according to the actual active sites, together with the discussion of their structure-property relationship. We believe that this study will be helpful for researchers to design novel reticular framework photocatalysts for various organic synthetic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning-Yu Huang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro/Nano-Porous Functional Materials (SKLPM), SUSTech-Kyoto University Advanced Energy Materials Joint Innovation Laboratory (SKAEM-JIL), Key University Laboratory of Highly Efficient Utilization of Solar Energy and Sustainable Development of Guangdong, Department of Chemistry and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Yu-Tao Zheng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro/Nano-Porous Functional Materials (SKLPM), SUSTech-Kyoto University Advanced Energy Materials Joint Innovation Laboratory (SKAEM-JIL), Key University Laboratory of Highly Efficient Utilization of Solar Energy and Sustainable Development of Guangdong, Department of Chemistry and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Di Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro/Nano-Porous Functional Materials (SKLPM), SUSTech-Kyoto University Advanced Energy Materials Joint Innovation Laboratory (SKAEM-JIL), Key University Laboratory of Highly Efficient Utilization of Solar Energy and Sustainable Development of Guangdong, Department of Chemistry and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Zhen-Yu Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro/Nano-Porous Functional Materials (SKLPM), SUSTech-Kyoto University Advanced Energy Materials Joint Innovation Laboratory (SKAEM-JIL), Key University Laboratory of Highly Efficient Utilization of Solar Energy and Sustainable Development of Guangdong, Department of Chemistry and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Chao-Zhu Huang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro/Nano-Porous Functional Materials (SKLPM), SUSTech-Kyoto University Advanced Energy Materials Joint Innovation Laboratory (SKAEM-JIL), Key University Laboratory of Highly Efficient Utilization of Solar Energy and Sustainable Development of Guangdong, Department of Chemistry and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Qiang Xu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro/Nano-Porous Functional Materials (SKLPM), SUSTech-Kyoto University Advanced Energy Materials Joint Innovation Laboratory (SKAEM-JIL), Key University Laboratory of Highly Efficient Utilization of Solar Energy and Sustainable Development of Guangdong, Department of Chemistry and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, 518055, China.
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Yang G, Yang W, Gu H, Fu Y, Wang B, Cai H, Xia J, Zhang N, Liang C, Xing G, Yang S, Chen Y, Huang W. Perovskite-Solar-Cell-Powered Integrated Fuel Conversion and Energy-Storage Devices. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2300383. [PMID: 36906920 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202300383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Metal halide hybrid perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have received considerable attention over the past decade owing to their potential for low-cost, solution-processable, earth-abundant, and high-performance superiority, increasing power conversion efficiencies of up to 25.7%. Solar energy conversion into electricity is highly efficient and sustainable, but direct utilization, storage, and poor energy diversity are difficult to achieve, resulting in a potential waste of resources. Considering its convenience and feasibility, converting solar energy into chemical fuels is regarded as a promising pathway for boosting energy diversity and expanding its utilization. In addition, the energy conversion-storage integrated system can efficiently sequentially capture, convert, and store energy in electrochemical energy storage devices. However, a comprehensive overview focusing on PSC-self-driven integrated devices with a discussion of their development and limitations remains lacking. Here, focus is on the development of representative configurations of emerging PSC-based photo-electrochemical devices including self-charging power packs, unassisted solar water splitting/CO2 reduction. The advanced progresses in this field, including configuration design, key parameters, working principles, integration strategies, electrode materials, and their performance evaluations are also summarized. Finally, scientific challenges and future perspectives for ongoing research in this field are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gege Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, National Innovation Platform (Center) for Industry-Education Integration of Energy Storage Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710000, P. R. China
| | - Wenhan Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, National Innovation Platform (Center) for Industry-Education Integration of Energy Storage Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710000, P. R. China
| | - Hao Gu
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Macau, 999078, P. R. China
| | - Ying Fu
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, National Innovation Platform (Center) for Industry-Education Integration of Energy Storage Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710000, P. R. China
| | - Bin Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, National Innovation Platform (Center) for Industry-Education Integration of Energy Storage Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710000, P. R. China
| | - Hairui Cai
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, National Innovation Platform (Center) for Industry-Education Integration of Energy Storage Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710000, P. R. China
| | - Junmin Xia
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Macau, 999078, P. R. China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Macau, 999078, P. R. China
| | - Chao Liang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, National Innovation Platform (Center) for Industry-Education Integration of Energy Storage Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710000, P. R. China
| | - Guichuan Xing
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Macau, 999078, P. R. China
| | - Shengchun Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, National Innovation Platform (Center) for Industry-Education Integration of Energy Storage Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710000, P. R. China
| | - Yiwang Chen
- National Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis/Key Lab of Fluorine and Silicon for Energy Materials and Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330000, P. R. China
| | - Wei Huang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710000, P. R. China
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Han WK, Liu Y, Feng JD, Yan X, Pang H, Gu ZG. Engineering a molecular ruthenium catalyst into three-dimensional metal covalent organic frameworks for efficient water oxidation. Chem Sci 2023; 14:11768-11774. [PMID: 37920350 PMCID: PMC10619619 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc03681b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The water oxidation reaction plays an important role in clean energy conversion, utilization, and storage, but mimicking the oxygen-evolving complex of photosystem II for designing active and stable water oxidation catalysts (WOCs) is still an appealing challenge. Here, we innovatively engineered a molecular ruthenium WOC as a metal complex building unit to construct a series of three-dimensional metal covalent organic frameworks (3D MCOFs) for realizing efficient oxidation catalysis. The resultant MCOFs possessed rare 3D interlocking structures with inclined interpenetration of two-dimensional covalent rhombic nets, and the Ru sites were periodically arranged in the crystalline porous frameworks. Impressively, these MCOFs showed excellent performance towards water oxidation (the O2 evolution rate is as high as 2830 nmol g-1 s-1) via the water nucleophilic attack pathway. Besides, the MCOFs were also reactive for oxidizing organic substrates. This work highlights the potential of MCOFs as a designable platform in integrating molecular catalysts for various applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang-Kang Han
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University Wuxi 214122 China
| | - Yong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University Wuxi 214122 China
| | - Jing-Dong Feng
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University Wuxi 214122 China
| | - Xiaodong Yan
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University Wuxi 214122 China
| | - Huan Pang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225002 China
| | - Zhi-Guo Gu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University Wuxi 214122 China
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44
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Wang N, Yang W, Feng L, Xu XD, Feng S. A supramolecular artificial light-harvesting system based on a luminescent platinum(II) metallacage. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:15524-15529. [PMID: 37622328 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt01706k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
A trigonal luminescent metallacage was constructed by the coordination-driven self-assembly of m-pyridine-modified tetraphenylene ligands with organic Pt(II) acceptors, which exhibited excellent Aggregation-Induced Emission (AIE) properties. An efficient artificial light-harvesting system was successfully constructed by selecting the metallacage as the donor and the hydrophobic fluorescent dye Nile Red (NiR) as the donor molecule in a system of acetone/water (1/9, v/v), The absorption spectra of NiR and the emission spectra of the metallacage showed considerable overlap, achieving energy transfer from the metallacage to NiR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Wang
- Key Laboratory of Special Functional Aggregated Materials of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Advanced Silicone Materials and Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Colloidal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, Shandong, China.
| | - Weiao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Special Functional Aggregated Materials of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Advanced Silicone Materials and Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Colloidal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, Shandong, China.
| | - Lei Feng
- Key Laboratory of Special Functional Aggregated Materials of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Advanced Silicone Materials and Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Colloidal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, Shandong, China.
| | - Xing-Dong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Special Functional Aggregated Materials of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Advanced Silicone Materials and Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Colloidal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, Shandong, China.
| | - Shengyu Feng
- Key Laboratory of Special Functional Aggregated Materials of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Advanced Silicone Materials and Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Colloidal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, Shandong, China.
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Tsubonouchi Y, Inaba K, Hoshino N, Hirahara M, Chandra D, Zahran ZN, Yagi M. Configurationally Nonselective Aquation of a Mononuclear Ru(II) Chloro Complex to Aquo Complex Isomers with Distinctive Aspects in Photoisomerization, Redox, and Catalytic Water Oxidation. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:17654-17667. [PMID: 37850902 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c02147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
distal-[Ru(EtOtpy)(pynp)Cl]+ (d-EtO1Cl) (EtOtpy = 4'-ethoxy-2,2':6',2″-terpyridine, pynp = 2-(2-pyridyl)-1,8-naphthyridine), and distal/proximal-[Ru(EtOtpy)(pynp)OH2]2+ (d/p-EtO1H2O) complexes were newly synthesized to investigate the synergistic influence of the geometric configuration coupled with substituent introduction of an ethoxy (EtO) group on the physicochemical properties and reactions of the Ru(II) complexes. Configurationally nonselective aquation of d-EtO1Cl was uniquely observed to form d/p-EtO1H2O isomers in water, in contrast to configurationally selective aquation of distal-[Ru(tpy)(pynp)Cl]+ (d-1Cl, tpy = 2,2':6',2″-terpyridine) without the EtO group [Yamazaki, H. . J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2011, 133, 8846-8849].The kinetic profiles of the aquation reactions of d-EtO1Cl were well analyzed using a sequential reversible reaction model assuming the reversible interconversion between d/p-EtO1H2O isomers via d-EtO1Cl. The observed equilibrium constant (Kiso) of isomerization between p/d-EtO1H2O was calculated from the kinetic analysis as Kiso = 0.45, which is consistent with the final concentration ratio (1:0.43) of p/d-EtO1H2O generated in the aquation reaction of d-EtO1Cl. The irreversible photoisomerization from d-EtO1H2O to p-EtO1H2O was observed in water with an internal quantum yield (Φ) of 0.44% at 520 nm. Electrochemical measurements showed that d-EtO1H2O undergoes a 2-step oxidation reaction of 1H+-coupled 1e- processes of RuII-OH2/RuIII-OH and RuIII-OH/RuIV═O at pH 1.3-9.7, whereas p-EtO1H2O undergoes a 1-step oxidation reaction of a 2H+-coupled 2e- process of RuII-OH2/RuIV═O in the pH range of 1.8-11.5. Any redox potential of d/p-EtO1H2O isomers was decreased by the electro-donating EtO substitution, compared with distal/proximal-[Ru(tpy)(pynp)OH2]2+ (d/p-1H2O). The turnover frequency (kO2 = 1.7 × 10-2 s-1) of d-EtO1H2O for water oxidation catalysis is higher than that (3.5 × 10-4 s-1) of p-EtO1H2O by a factor of 48.6. The kO2 value (1.7 × 10-2 s-1) for d-EtO1H2O is 4.5-fold higher than those of d-1H2O (3.8 × 10-3 s-1). The higher kO2 value of d-EtO1H2O compared with d-1H2O could be explained by the fast oxidation rate from RuIV═O to RuV═O involved in the rate-determining step due to the electron-donating EtO group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Tsubonouchi
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Niigata University, 8050 Ikarashi-2, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Keisuke Inaba
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Niigata University, 8050 Ikarashi-2, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Norihisa Hoshino
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Niigata University, 8050 Ikarashi-2, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Masanari Hirahara
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Osaka Institute of Technology, 5-16-1 Omiya, Asahi-ku, Osaka 535-8585, Japan
| | - Debraj Chandra
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Niigata University, 8050 Ikarashi-2, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Zaki N Zahran
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Niigata University, 8050 Ikarashi-2, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Masayuki Yagi
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Niigata University, 8050 Ikarashi-2, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
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Auty AJ, Scattergood PA, Keane T, Cheng T, Wu G, Carson H, Shipp J, Sadler A, Roseveare T, Sazanovich IV, Meijer AJHM, Chekulaev D, Elliot PIP, Towrie M, Weinstein JA. A stronger acceptor decreases the rates of charge transfer: ultrafast dynamics and on/off switching of charge separation in organometallic donor-bridge-acceptor systems. Chem Sci 2023; 14:11417-11428. [PMID: 37886100 PMCID: PMC10599469 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc06409j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
To unravel the role of driving force and structural changes in directing the photoinduced pathways in donor-bridge-acceptor (DBA) systems, we compared the ultrafast dynamics in novel DBAs which share a phenothiazine (PTZ) electron donor and a Pt(ii) trans-acetylide bridge (-C[triple bond, length as m-dash]C-Pt-C[triple bond, length as m-dash]C-), but bear different acceptors conjugated into the bridge (naphthalene-diimide, NDI; or naphthalene-monoimide, NAP). The excited state dynamics were elucidated by transient absorption, time-resolved infrared (TRIR, directly following electron density changes on the bridge/acceptor), and broadband fluorescence-upconversion (FLUP, directly following sub-picosecond intersystem crossing) spectroscopies, supported by TDDFT calculations. Direct conjugation of a strong acceptor into the bridge leads to switching of the lowest excited state from the intraligand 3IL state to the desired charge-separated 3CSS state. We observe two surprising effects of an increased strength of the acceptor in NDI vs. NAP: a ca. 70-fold slow-down of the 3CSS formation-(971 ps)-1vs. (14 ps)-1, and a longer lifetime of the 3CSS (5.9 vs. 1 ns); these are attributed to differences in the driving force ΔGet, and to distance dependence. The 100-fold increase in the rate of intersystem crossing-to sub-500 fs-by the stronger acceptor highlights the role of delocalisation across the heavy-atom containing bridge in this process. The close proximity of several excited states allows one to control the yield of 3CSS from ∼100% to 0% by solvent polarity. The new DBAs offer a versatile platform for investigating the role of bridge vibrations as a tool to control excited state dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J Auty
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield Sheffield S3 7HF UK ,
| | | | - Theo Keane
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield Sheffield S3 7HF UK ,
| | - Tao Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield Sheffield S3 7HF UK ,
| | - Guanzhi Wu
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield Sheffield S3 7HF UK ,
| | - Heather Carson
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield Sheffield S3 7HF UK ,
| | - James Shipp
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield Sheffield S3 7HF UK ,
| | - Andrew Sadler
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield Sheffield S3 7HF UK ,
| | - Thomas Roseveare
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield Sheffield S3 7HF UK ,
| | - Igor V Sazanovich
- Laser for Science Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, RCaH, STFC OX11 0QX UK
| | | | - Dimitri Chekulaev
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield Sheffield S3 7HF UK ,
| | - Paul I P Elliot
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Huddersfield HD1 3DH UK
| | - Mike Towrie
- Laser for Science Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, RCaH, STFC OX11 0QX UK
| | - Julia A Weinstein
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield Sheffield S3 7HF UK ,
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Gwon HJ, Park G, Yun J, Ryu W, Ahn HS. Prolonged hydrogen production by engineered green algae photovoltaic power stations. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6768. [PMID: 37880242 PMCID: PMC10600337 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42529-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Interest in securing energy production channels from renewable sources is higher than ever due to the daily observation of the impacts of climate change. A key renewable energy harvesting strategy achieving carbon neutral cycles is artificial photosynthesis. Solar-to-fuel routes thus far relied on elaborately crafted semiconductors, undermining the cost-efficiency of the system. Furthermore, fuels produced required separation prior to utilization. As an artificial photosynthesis design, here we demonstrate the conversion of swimming green algae into photovoltaic power stations. The engineered algae exhibit bioelectrogenesis, en route to energy storage in hydrogen. Notably, fuel formation requires no additives or external bias other than CO2 and sunlight. The cellular power stations autoregulate the oxygen level during artificial photosynthesis, granting immediate utility of the photosynthetic hydrogen without separation. The fuel production scales linearly with the reactor volume, which is a necessary trait for contributing to the large-scale renewable energy portfolio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Jin Gwon
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Geonwoo Park
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - JaeHyoung Yun
- Department of Mechanical engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - WonHyoung Ryu
- Department of Mechanical engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyun S Ahn
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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den Boer D, Hetterscheid DGH. Correlations between the Electronic Structure and Energetics of the Catalytic Steps in Homogeneous Water Oxidation Catalysis. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:23057-23067. [PMID: 37815483 PMCID: PMC10603781 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c05741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
The development of an efficient electrocatalyst for the water oxidation reaction is limited by unfavorable scaling relations between catalytic intermediates, resulting in an overpotential. In contrast to heterogeneous catalysts, the electronic structure of homogeneous catalysts can be modified to a great extent due to a tailored ligand design. However, studies utilizing the tunability of organic ligands have rarely been conducted in a systematic manner and, as of yet, have not produced catalytic paths that avoid the aforementioned unfavorable scaling relations. To investigate the influence of electron-donating groups (EDGs) or electron-withdrawing groups (EWGs) on elementary steps in electrochemical water oxidation catalysis, cis-[Ru(bpy)2(H2O)]2+ (bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine) was selected as the scaffold that was modified with methyl, methoxy, chloro, and trifluoromethyl groups. This catalyst can undergo several electron transfer (ET), proton transfer (PT), and proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) steps that were all probed experimentally. In this systematic study, it was found that PCET steps are relatively insensitive with respect to the presence of EDGs or EWGs, while the decoupled ET and PT steps are more heavily affected. However, the influence of the substituents decreases with an increasing oxidation state of Ru due to a lack of d-electrons available at the Ru center for π-backbonding to the bipyridine ligand. Therefore, the RuV/VI redox couple appears to be relatively unaffected by the substituent. Nevertheless, the implementation of EWGs can shift all oxidation events to a very narrow potential window. Not only do our findings illustrate how electronic substituents affect the entire potential energy landscape of the catalytic water oxidation reaction, but they also show that the cis-[Ru(bpy)2(H2O)]2+ compounds follow different design rules and scaling relations, as has been reported for every other oxygen evolution catalyst thus far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daan den Boer
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, 2300RA, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Poddutoori PK. Advances and opportunities in Group 15 porphyrin chemistry. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:14287-14296. [PMID: 37791453 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt02583g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
The chemistry of Group 15 porphyrins has been established relatively well among the main-group porphyrins. Thus far phosphorus(III), phosphorus(V), arsenic(III), arsenic(V), antimony(III), antimony(V), and bismuth(III) porphyrins have been reported. Their unique axial-bonding ability, rich redox, and optical properties offer an advantage over other main-group or transition metal porphyrins. They could be excellent candidates for a variety of applications such as solar energy harvesting, molecular electronics, molecular catalysis, and biomedical applications. Despite these unique properties, the Group 15 porphyrins are not exploited at their fullest capacity. Recently, there has been some interest, where the richness of Group 15 porphyrin chemistry was explored for some of the above applications. In this context, this article summarizes recent advances in Group 15 porphyrin chemistry and attempts to unravel the tremendous opportunities of these remarkable porphyrins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashanth K Poddutoori
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Minnesota Duluth, 1038 University Drive, Duluth, Minnesota 55812, USA.
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50
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Xiong W, Dong Y, Pan A. Fabricating a type II heterojunction by growing lead-free perovskite Cs 2AgBiBr 6in situ on graphite-like g-C 3N 4 nanosheets for enhanced photocatalytic CO 2 reduction. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:15619-15625. [PMID: 37712856 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr04152b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Perovskite-based photocatalysts have received significant attention for converting CO2 into fuels, such as CO, CH4 or long alkyl chains. However, the use of these catalysts is plagued by several limitations, such as poor stability, lead toxicity, and inadequate conversion efficiency due to the rapid recombination of carriers. Herein, a g-C3N4@Cs2AgBiBr6 (CABB) type II heterojunction photocatalyst has been prepared by growing lead-free CABB nanocrystals (10-14 nm) on the graphite-like carbon nitride (g-C3N4) nanosheet using the in situ crystallization method. The resulting nanocomposite, g-C3N4@CABB, demonstrated an efficient charge transfer pathway via a typical type II heterojunction. With formation rates of 10.30 μmol g-1 h-1 for CO and 0.88 μmol g-1 h-1 for CH4 under visible light irradiation, the nanocomposite exhibited enhanced photocatalytic efficiency in CO2 reduction compared to CABB and g-C3N4. The improved photocatalytic performance of the g-C3N4@CABB nanocomposite was attributed to the fabricated type II heterojunction, which boosted the interfacial charge transfer from g-C3N4 to CABB. This work will inspire the design of heterojunction-based photocatalysts and increase the fundamental understanding of perovskite-based catalysts in the CO2 photoreduction process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Clean and Efficient Coal-Fired Power Generation and Pollution Control/China Energy and Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Yuehong Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Clean and Efficient Coal-Fired Power Generation and Pollution Control/China Energy and Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Aizhao Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Clean and Efficient Coal-Fired Power Generation and Pollution Control/China Energy and Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd, Nanjing 210023, China.
- School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xianning West Road, 28, Xi'an, 710049, China
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