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Bakirov A, Kopishev E, Kadyrzhan K, Donbaeva E, Zhaxybayeva A, Duisembiyev M, Suyundikova F, Suleimenov I. The Method of Direct and Reverse Phase Portraits as a Tool for Systematizing the Results of Studies of Phase Transitions in Solutions of Thermosensitive Polymers. Gels 2024; 10:395. [PMID: 38920941 PMCID: PMC11203281 DOI: 10.3390/gels10060395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
It is shown that a more than significant amount of experimental data obtained in the field of studying systems based on thermosensitive hydrophilic polymers and reflected in the literature over the past decades makes the issue of their systematization and classification relevant. This, in turn, makes relevant the question of choosing the appropriate classification criteria. It is shown that the basic classification feature can be the number of phase transition stages, which can vary from one to four or more depending on the nature of the temperature-sensitive system. In this work, the method of inverse phase portraits is proposed for the first time. It was intended, among other things, to identify the number of phase transition stages. Moreover, the accuracy of this method significantly exceeds the accuracy of the previously used method of direct phase portraits since, for the first time, the operation of numerical differentiation is replaced by the operation of numerical integration. A specific example of the application of the proposed method for the analysis of a previously studied temperature-sensitive system is presented. It is shown that this method also allows for a quantitative comparison between the results obtained by the differential calorimetry method and the turbidimetry method. Issues related to increasing the resolution of the method of direct phase portraits are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akhat Bakirov
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Organic Substances, Natural Compounds and Polymers, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Al Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan;
- Department of Telecommunication Engineering, Institute of Communications and Space Engineering, Gumarbek Daukeev Almaty University of Power Engineering and Communications, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan;
| | - Eldar Kopishev
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan; (E.D.); (A.Z.); (M.D.); (F.S.)
| | - Kaisarali Kadyrzhan
- Department of Telecommunication Engineering, Institute of Communications and Space Engineering, Gumarbek Daukeev Almaty University of Power Engineering and Communications, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan;
| | - Elvira Donbaeva
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan; (E.D.); (A.Z.); (M.D.); (F.S.)
| | - Aigerim Zhaxybayeva
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan; (E.D.); (A.Z.); (M.D.); (F.S.)
| | - Marat Duisembiyev
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan; (E.D.); (A.Z.); (M.D.); (F.S.)
| | - Faiziya Suyundikova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan; (E.D.); (A.Z.); (M.D.); (F.S.)
| | - Ibragim Suleimenov
- National Engineering Academy of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Almaty 050010, Kazakhstan
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Xu M, Li S. Nano-drug delivery system targeting tumor microenvironment: A prospective strategy for melanoma treatment. Cancer Lett 2023; 574:216397. [PMID: 37730105 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Melanoma, the most aggressive form of cutaneous malignancy arising from melanocytes, is frequently characterized by metastasis. Despite considerable progress in melanoma therapies, patients with advanced-stage disease often have a poor prognosis due to the limited efficacy, off-target effects, and toxicity associated with conventional drugs. Nanotechnology has emerged as a promising approach to address these challenges with nanoparticles capable of delivering therapeutic agents specifically to the tumor microenvironment (TME). However, the clinical approval of nanomedicines for melanoma treatment remains limited, necessitating further research to develop nanoparticles with improved biocompatibility and precise targeting capabilities. This comprehensive review provides an overview of the current research on nano-drug delivery systems for melanoma treatment, focusing on liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, and inorganic nanoparticles. It discusses the potential of these nanoparticles for targeted drug delivery, as well as their ability to enhance the efficacy of conventional drugs while minimizing toxicity. Furthermore, this review emphasizes the significance of interdisciplinary collaboration between researchers from various fields to advance the development of nanomedicines. Overall, this review serves as a valuable resource for researchers and clinicians interested in the potential of nano-drug delivery systems for melanoma treatment and offers insights into future directions for research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengdan Xu
- Department of Hematology and Breast Cancer, Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang 110042, China
| | - Shenglong Li
- Second Ward of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor Surgery, Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang 110042, China; The Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Research on Gastrointestinal Tumor Combining Medicine with Engineering, China.
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Hu C, van Bonn P, Demco DE, Bolm C, Pich A. Mechanochemical Synthesis of Stimuli Responsive Microgels. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202305783. [PMID: 37177824 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202305783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Mechanochemical approaches are widely used for the efficient, solvent-free synthesis of organic molecules, however their applicability to the synthesis of functional polymers has remained underexplored. Herein, we demonstrate for the first time that mechanochemically triggered free-radical polymerization allows solvent- and initiator-free syntheses of structurally and morphologically well-defined complex functional macromolecular architectures, namely stimuliresponsive microgels. The developed mechanochemical polymerization approach is applicable to a variety of monomers and allows synthesizing microgels with tunable chemical structure, variable size, controlled number of crosslinks and reactive functional end-groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaolei Hu
- DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials e.V., Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Pit van Bonn
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Dan E Demco
- DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials e.V., Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Carsten Bolm
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Andrij Pich
- DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials e.V., Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Aachen Maastricht Institute for Biobased Materials (AMIBM), Maastricht University, Urmonderbaan 22, 6167 RD, Geleen, The Netherlands
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Paulin JA, Lopez-Aguilar JE, Fouconnier B, Vargas RO, Lopez-Serrano F. Revisiting the Flory–Rehner equation: taking a closer look at the Flory–Huggins interaction parameter and its functionality with temperature and concentration with NIPA as a case example. Polym Bull (Berl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-021-03836-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Izak‐Nau E, Braun S, Pich A, Göstl R. Mechanically Resistant Poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) Microgels with Sacrificial Supramolecular Catechin Hydrogen Bonds. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2104004. [PMID: 35187862 PMCID: PMC9036020 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202104004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Microgels (μgels) swiftly undergo structural and functional degradation when they are exposed to shear forces, which potentially limit their applicability in, e.g., biomedicine and engineering. Here, poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) μgels that resist mechanical disruption through supramolecular hydrogen bonds provided by (+)-catechin hydrate (+C) are synthesized. When +C is added to the microgel structure, an increased resistance against shear force exerted by ultrasonication is observed compared to μgels crosslinked by covalent bonds. While covalently crosslinked μgels degrade already after a few seconds, it is found that μgels having both supramolecular interchain interactions and covalent crosslinks show the highest mechanical durability. By the incorporation of optical force probes, it is found that the covalent bonds of the μgels are not stressed beyond their scission threshold and mechanical energy is dissipated by the force-induced reversible dissociation of the sacrificial +C bonds for at least 20 min of ultrasonication. Additionally, +C renders the μgels pH-sensitive and introduces multiresponsivity. The μgels are extensively characterized using Fourier-transform infrared, Raman and quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, and cryogenic transmission electron microscopy. These results may serve as blueprint for the preparation of many mechanically durable μgels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Izak‐Nau
- DWI – Leibniz Institute for Interactive MaterialsForckenbeckstr. 50Aachen52056Germany
| | - Susanne Braun
- DWI – Leibniz Institute for Interactive MaterialsForckenbeckstr. 50Aachen52056Germany
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular ChemistryRWTH Aachen UniversityWorringerweg 1Aachen52074Germany
| | - Andrij Pich
- DWI – Leibniz Institute for Interactive MaterialsForckenbeckstr. 50Aachen52056Germany
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular ChemistryRWTH Aachen UniversityWorringerweg 1Aachen52074Germany
- Aachen Maastricht Institute for Biobased Materials (AMIBM) Maastricht UniversityBrightlands Chemelot CampusGeleen6167 RDThe Netherlands
| | - Robert Göstl
- DWI – Leibniz Institute for Interactive MaterialsForckenbeckstr. 50Aachen52056Germany
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Belthle T, Demco DE, Pich A. Nanostructuring the Interior of Stimuli-Responsive Microgels by N-Vinylimidazoles Quaternized with Hydrophobic Alkyl Chains. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c02276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomke Belthle
- DWI─Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstraβe 50, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Functional and Interactive Polymers, Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Dan E. Demco
- DWI─Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstraβe 50, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Andrij Pich
- DWI─Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstraβe 50, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Functional and Interactive Polymers, Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Aachen Maastricht Institute for Biobased Materials (AMIBM), Maastricht University, Brightlands Chemelot Campus, Urmonderbaan 22, 6167 RD Geleen, The Netherlands
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Yang T, Lee SY, Park KC, Park SH, Chung J, Lee S. The Effects of Selenium on Bone Health: From Element to Therapeutics. Molecules 2022; 27:392. [PMID: 35056706 PMCID: PMC8780783 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27020392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis, characterized by low bone mass and a disruption of bone microarchitecture, is traditionally treated using drugs or lifestyle modifications. Recently, several preclinical and clinical studies have investigated the effects of selenium on bone health, although the results are controversial. Selenium, an important trace element, is required for selenoprotein synthesis and acts crucially for proper growth and skeletal development. However, the intake of an optimum amount of selenium is critical, as both selenium deficiency and toxicity are hazardous for health. In this review, we have systematically analyzed the existing literature in this field to determine whether dietary or serum selenium concentrations are associated with bone health. In addition, the mode of administration of selenium as a supplement for treating bone disease is important. We have also highlighted the importance of using green-synthesized selenium nanoparticles as therapeutics for bone disease. Novel nanobiotechnology will be a bridgehead for clinical applications of trace elements and natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taeyoung Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam-si 13496, Korea; (T.Y.); (S.-Y.L.)
| | - So-Young Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam-si 13496, Korea; (T.Y.); (S.-Y.L.)
| | - Kyung-Chae Park
- Health Promotion Center, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam-si 13488, Korea;
| | - Sin-Hyung Park
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University School of Medicine, Bucheon-si 14584, Korea;
| | - Jaiwoo Chung
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam-si 13496, Korea;
| | - Soonchul Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam-si 13496, Korea;
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Endogenous Nitric Oxide-Releasing Microgel Coating Prevents Clot Formation on Oxygenator Fibers Exposed to In Vitro Blood Flow. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12010073. [PMID: 35054599 PMCID: PMC8779597 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12010073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Background: Clot formation on foreign surfaces of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation systems is a frequent event. Herein, we show an approach that mimics the enzymatic process of endogenous nitric oxide (NO) release on the oxygenator membrane via a biomimetic, non-fouling microgel coating to spatiotemporally inhibit the platelet (PLT) activation and improve antithrombotic properties. This study aims to evaluate the potential of this biomimetic coating towards NO-mediated PLT inhibition and thereby the reduction of clot formation under flow conditions. Methods: Microgel-coated (NOrel) or bare (Control) poly(4-methyl pentene) (PMP) fibers were inserted into a test channel and exposed to a short-term continuous flow of human blood. The analysis included high-resolution PLT count, pooled PLT activation via β-Thromboglobulin (β-TG) and the visualization of remnants and clots on the fibers using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results: In the Control group, PLT count was significantly decreased, and β-TG concentration was significantly elevated in comparison to the NOrel group. Macroscopic and microscopic visualization showed dense layers of stable clots on the bare PMP fibers, in contrast to minimal deposition of fibrin networks on the coated fibers. Conclusion: Endogenously NO-releasing microgel coating inhibits the PLT activation and reduces the clot formation on PMP fibers under dynamic flow.
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Kharandiuk T, Tan KH, Kubitska I, Al Enezy-Ulbrich MA, Ivasiv V, Nebesnyi R, Potemkin II, Pich A. Synthesis of acrylic acid and acrylic esters via oxidation and oxidative alkoxylation of acrolein under mild conditions with selenium-modified microgel catalysts. REACT CHEM ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2re00252c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Systematic studies of the performance of Se-modified microgel catalysts in acrolein oxidation and oxidative alkoxylation under green reaction conditions were conducted to afford high yields and selectivity of the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetiana Kharandiuk
- DWI Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials e.V, Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Kok H. Tan
- DWI Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials e.V, Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Iryna Kubitska
- Technology of Organic Products Department, Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 S. Bandera St., 79013, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Miriam Aischa Al Enezy-Ulbrich
- DWI Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials e.V, Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Volodymyr Ivasiv
- Technology of Organic Products Department, Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 S. Bandera St., 79013, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Roman Nebesnyi
- Technology of Organic Products Department, Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 S. Bandera St., 79013, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Igor I. Potemkin
- DWI Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials e.V, Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Andrij Pich
- DWI Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials e.V, Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Aachen Maastricht Institute for Biobased Materials (AMIBM), Maastricht University, Brightlands Chemelot Campus, Urmonderbaan 22, 6167 RD Geleen, The Netherlands
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Hussmann L, Belthle T, Demco DE, Fechete R, Pich A. Stimuli-responsive microgels with cationic moieties: characterization and interaction with E. coli cells. SOFT MATTER 2021; 17:8678-8692. [PMID: 34518865 DOI: 10.1039/d1sm01007g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive microgel copolymer networks with ionizable functional groups have important applications for encapsulation of drugs, peptides, enzymes, proteins, or cells. Rational design of such networks can be based on characterization of stimuli-induced volume phase transition and spatial distribution of neutral and charged monomer units in crosslinked polymer chains. In this work we successfully synthesized poly(N-vinylcaprolactam-co-1-vinyl-3-methylimidazolium) (poly(VCL-VIM+)) microgels carrying permanent positive charges and demonstrate that 1H high-resolution NMR spectroscopy in combination with transverse (T2) magnetization relaxometry allows investigating separately the behavior of each functional group in the microgel network. The information about comonomer transition temperatures, width of transition, and change in transition entropy were reported and correlated with the concentration of charged functional groups and resulting electrophoretic mobility. A two-state approach was used to describe the temperature-induced volume phase transition separately for neutral and charged polymer segments. The core-corona architecture specific to each functional group was detected revealing that the charged methylated vinylimidazolium groups (VIM+) are concentrated mainly in the corona of the microgel. These biocompatible PVCL-based microgels functionalized with permanent positive charges are shown to serve as an antibacterial system against Gram-negative E. coli strains, due to the positive charge of the incorporated VIM+ comonomer in the polymer network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Hussmann
- DWI-Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
- Functional and Interactive Polymers, Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Thomke Belthle
- DWI-Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
- Functional and Interactive Polymers, Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Dan E Demco
- DWI-Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
- Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, Department of Physics and Chemistry, 25 G. Baritiu Str., 400027, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Radu Fechete
- Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, Department of Physics and Chemistry, 25 G. Baritiu Str., 400027, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Andrij Pich
- DWI-Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
- Functional and Interactive Polymers, Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Aachen Maastricht Institute for Biobased Materials (AMIBM), Maastricht University, Brightlands Chemelot Campus, Urmonderbaan 22, 6167 RD Geleen, The Netherlands
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Drozdov AD, deClaville Christiansen J. Equilibrium swelling of thermo‐responsive core‐shell microgels. J Appl Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/app.50354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aleksey D. Drozdov
- Department of Materials and Production Aalborg University Aalborg Denmark
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