1
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Shamim S, Naseem H, Saeed A, Gul S, Kausar S, Altaf AA, Ameen F. Synthesis, characterization, and antibacterial effectiveness of gemifloxacin C-3 modified amide analogs: A theoretical and experimental approach. J Mol Struct 2024; 1312:138573. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2024.138573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
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2
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Zheng X, Wang M, Zhang S, Yangcuo Z, He L, Xie L, Ye Y, Xu G, Chen Z, Cai Q. Development of a new synchronous fluorescence spectrometry combined with Al 3+ sensitized for simultaneous and rapid determination of trace flumequine, ciprofloxacin and doxycycline hydrochloride residues in wastewater. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 260:121941. [PMID: 38908313 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
Antibiotics are a new type of environmental pollutants. Due to its wide application in many fields, antibiotic residues are ubiquitous in the wastewater environments. Given their potential threat on water ecosystem functioning and public health, the detection of antibiotic residues in wastewater environments has become very necessary. Based on the complexation of Al3+ with flumequine (FLU), ciprofloxacin (CIP) and doxycycline hydrochloride (DOX), their molecular conjugated area were increased and fluorescence intensity were enhanced, combined with synchronous fluorescence spectrometry (SFS) had good selectivity and high sensitivity, a novel method of Al3+ sensitized synchronous fluorescence spectrometry for the determination of FLU, CIP and DOX residues in wastewater was established. When the wavelength difference (Δλ) was selected 115.0 nm, synchronous fluorescence spectra of the three antibiotics could be well separated and the interference of wastewater matrix were eliminated primely. The new SFS made good use of spectral separation instead of conventional chemical separation, and the actual wastewater sample could be directly determined after simple filtration. The experiment results showed that the concentrations of FLU, CIP and DOX in the range of 0.5000-800.0 ng·mL-1, 0.5000-640.0 ng·mL-1 and 10.00-3500 ng·mL-1 had a good linear relationship with fluorescence intensity. The detection limits of three antibiotics were 0.02054 ng·mL-1, 0.03956 ng·mL-1 and 0.8524 ng·mL-1, respectively. Recovery rates of three antibiotics in wastewater samples were 90.72%-98.23%, 88.68%-95.08% and 85.94%-96.70%. The new SFS established in this experiment had the advantages of simple, rapid, sensitive, accurate and good selectivity. Simultaneous and rapid detection of FLU, CIP and DOX residues in wastewater was successfully realized. It had good application prospects in real-time water quality monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodan Zheng
- Pharmaceutical and Medical Technology College of Putian University, Putian, Fujian 351100, China; The School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350000, China
| | - Menglin Wang
- Pharmaceutical and Medical Technology College of Putian University, Putian, Fujian 351100, China; The School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350000, China
| | - Shiqi Zhang
- Pharmaceutical and Medical Technology College of Putian University, Putian, Fujian 351100, China
| | - Zhima Yangcuo
- Environmental and Biological Engineering College of Putian University, Putian, Fujian 351100, China
| | - Lifang He
- The School of Nursing, Putian University, Putian, Fujian 351100, China
| | - Lingfang Xie
- Pharmaceutical and Medical Technology College of Putian University, Putian, Fujian 351100, China
| | - Yurou Ye
- Pharmaceutical and Medical Technology College of Putian University, Putian, Fujian 351100, China
| | - Guifen Xu
- Pharmaceutical and Medical Technology College of Putian University, Putian, Fujian 351100, China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Zhonghui Chen
- Central Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian, Fujian 351100, China
| | - Qihong Cai
- Pharmaceutical and Medical Technology College of Putian University, Putian, Fujian 351100, China; The School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350000, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Laboratory Medicine (Putian University), Fujian Province University, Putian, Fujian 351100, China.
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3
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Collins JA, Basarab GS, Chibale K, Osheroff N. Interactions between Zoliflodacin and Neisseria gonorrhoeae Gyrase and Topoisomerase IV: Enzymological Basis for Cellular Targeting. ACS Infect Dis 2024; 10:3071-3082. [PMID: 39082980 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.4c00438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Gyrase and topoisomerase IV are the cellular targets for fluoroquinolones, a critically important class of antibacterial agents used to treat a broad spectrum of human infections. Unfortunately, the clinical efficacy of the fluoroquinolones has been curtailed by the emergence of target-mediated resistance. This is especially true for Neisseria gonorrhoeae, the causative pathogen of the sexually transmitted infection gonorrhea. Spiropyrimidinetriones (SPTs), a new class of antibacterials, were developed to combat the growing antibacterial resistance crisis. Zoliflodacin is the most clinically advanced SPT and displays efficacy against uncomplicated urogenital gonorrhea in human trials. Like fluoroquinolones, the primary target of zoliflodacin in N. gonorrhoeae is gyrase, and topoisomerase IV is a secondary target. Because unbalanced gyrase/topoisomerase IV targeting has facilitated the evolution of fluoroquinolone-resistant bacteria, it is important to understand the underlying basis for the differential targeting of zoliflodacin in N. gonorrhoeae. Therefore, we assessed the effects of this SPT on the catalytic and DNA cleavage activities of N. gonorrhoeae gyrase and topoisomerase IV. In all reactions examined, zoliflodacin displayed higher potency against gyrase than topoisomerase IV. Moreover, zoliflodacin generated more DNA cleavage and formed more stable enzyme-cleaved DNA-SPT complexes with gyrase. The SPT also maintained higher activity against fluoroquinolone-resistant gyrase than topoisomerase IV. Finally, when compared to zoliflodacin, the novel SPT H3D-005722 induced more balanced double-stranded DNA cleavage with gyrase and topoisomerase IV from N. gonorrhoeae, Escherichia coli, and Bacillus anthracis. This finding suggests that further development of the SPT class could yield compounds with a more balanced targeting against clinically important bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica A Collins
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Gregory S Basarab
- Holistic Drug Discovery and Development (H3D) Centre, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
| | - Kelly Chibale
- Holistic Drug Discovery and Development (H3D) Centre, and South African Medical Research Council Drug Discovery and Development Research Unit, Department of Chemistry and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
| | - Neil Osheroff
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Department of Medicine (Hematology/Oncology), Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
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4
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Khlifi T, Jbilou C, Leblais A, Marrot J, Nun P, Ghiazza C, Chataigner I, Coeffard V, Moreau X. Atroposelective Construction of Axially Chiral 2-Aryl-Pyrroloquinolones. Org Lett 2024; 26:6725-6729. [PMID: 39074095 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c02366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
A two-step protocol including an enantioselective organocatalyzed synthesis of pyrroloquinolines followed by an oxidation reaction allowed the formation of axially chiral 2-aryl-pyrroloquinolones. Thorough optimization of the experimental conditions for the second step allowed the oxygenation reaction to take place and ensured, in most cases, a central-to-axial chirality conversion with complete retention of the enantiomeric excess.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tourya Khlifi
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, CNRS, UMR 8180 Institut Lavoisier de Versailles, 78035 Versailles Cedex, France
| | - Chaimae Jbilou
- Nantes Université CNRS, CEISAM, UMR 6230, 44000 Nantes, France
| | - Alexis Leblais
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, CNRS, UMR 8180 Institut Lavoisier de Versailles, 78035 Versailles Cedex, France
| | - Jérôme Marrot
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, CNRS, UMR 8180 Institut Lavoisier de Versailles, 78035 Versailles Cedex, France
| | - Pierrick Nun
- Nantes Université CNRS, CEISAM, UMR 6230, 44000 Nantes, France
| | - Clément Ghiazza
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, CNRS, UMR 8180 Institut Lavoisier de Versailles, 78035 Versailles Cedex, France
| | - Isabelle Chataigner
- Univ Rouen Normandie, INSA Rouen Normandie, CNRS, Normandie Univ, COBRA, 76000 Rouen, France Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Théorique, LCT UMR7616, 75005 Paris, France
| | | | - Xavier Moreau
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, CNRS, UMR 8180 Institut Lavoisier de Versailles, 78035 Versailles Cedex, France
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5
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Soleimani-Amiri S, Hojjati M, Hossaini Z. Green synthesis and cytotoxic activity of functionalized naphthyridine. Mol Divers 2024:10.1007/s11030-024-10929-2. [PMID: 39117889 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-024-10929-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
A multicomponent synthesis of 1,8-naphthyridine with high yields utilizing benzaldehydes, malononitrile, phenol, and acetylenic esters in aqueous solution at room temperature in the presence of SiO2/Fe3O4 as a reusable catalyst is reported. Using the MTT test, the cytotoxic properties of all the produced compounds were assessed in vitro against cancer cell lines (MCF-7 and A549) and normal cell lines (BEAS-2B). It was discovered that the most effective cytotoxic agent, doxorubicin-like in its lack of selectivity, was the derivative 5h. On the other hand, the compound 5c might be regarded as an equipotent molecule with greater selectivity in relation to doxorubicin. Also, this study investigates the antioxidant effects of 1,8-naphthyridine carboxylates, along with other studies conducted in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mahsa Hojjati
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Science and Technology, The University of Georgia, 0171, Tbilisi, Georgia
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6
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Liu Y, Wang Y, Wang H. Effects of ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin on initial colonization of intestinal microbiota in Bufo gargarizans at embryonic stages. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 361:142587. [PMID: 38871193 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Ciprofloxacin (CIP) and levofloxacin (LEV) are broad-spectrum antibiotics with potent antibacterial activity. Although many studies have shown that antibiotics can lead to gut microbiota disruption, the effects of CIP and LEV on gut microbial colonization at the embryonic stage remain poorly characterized. Here, we evaluated the response of Bufo gargarizans embryos in terms of gut microbiota colonization, growth and developmental stages to CIP and LEV exposure. Embryos treated with 100 μg/L CIP and LEV exhibited significantly reduced diversity and richness of the gut microbiota, as well as altered community structure. Both CIP and LEV treatments resulted in an increase in the pathogenic bacteria Bosea and Aeromonas, and they appeared to be more resistant to CIP than LEV. Additionally, CIP exposure caused reduced total length and delayed the development in B. gargarizans embryos, while LEV increased the total length and promoted embryonic development. The present study revealed the adverse effects of CIP and LEV exposure on host gut microbiota, growth and development during the embryonic stage, and contributed new perspectives to the evaluation of early aquatic ecological risk under CIP and LEV exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710119, China.
| | - Yaxi Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710119, China
| | - Hongyuan Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710119, China.
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7
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Aguzie IO, Oriaku CU, Agbo FI, Ukwueze VO, Asogwa CN, Ikele CB, Aguzie IJ, Ossai NI, Eyo JE, Nwani CD. Single and mixture exposure to atrazine and ciprofloxacin on Clarias gariepinus antioxidant defense status, hepatic condition and immune response. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 110:104523. [PMID: 39089401 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2024.104523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Atrazine (ATRA) and ciprofloxacin (CPRO) are widely detected, persistent and co-existing aquatic pollutants. This study investigated effects of 14-day single and joint ATRA and CPRO exposure on juvenile Clarias gariepinus. Standard bioassay methods were used to determine responses of oxidative stress, hepatic condition, and immunological biomarkers on days 7 and 14. Seven groups were used: Control, CPROEC, CPROSubl, ATRAEC, ATRASubl, CPROEC+ATRAEC, and CPROSubl+ATRASubl. The test substances caused decreased activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase. Lipid peroxidation was elevated, especially in CPRO-ATRA mixtures. Serum aminotransferases (ALT, and AST), and alkaline phosphatase activity increased significantly. Total protein, albumin, total immunoglobulin, and respiratory burst decreased significantly. Therefore, single and joint exposure to CPRO and ATRA poses adverse consequences on aquatic life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ifeanyi O Aguzie
- Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Nigeria, Nigeria.
| | | | - Faith I Agbo
- Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Nigeria, Nigeria
| | - Vera O Ukwueze
- Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Nigeria, Nigeria
| | - Chinweike N Asogwa
- Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Nigeria, Nigeria
| | - Chika B Ikele
- Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Nigeria, Nigeria
| | - Ijeoma J Aguzie
- Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Nigeria, Nigeria
| | - Nelson I Ossai
- Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Nigeria, Nigeria
| | - Joseph E Eyo
- Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Nigeria, Nigeria
| | - Christopher D Nwani
- Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Nigeria, Nigeria
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8
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Christie SD, Hariharan S, Chakraborti S, Srinivasan N, Madanan MG. A New Beginning to the Existing Medicines; Repurposing FDA-Approved Drugs for the Neglected Re-Emerging Disease Leptospirosis. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:32717-32726. [PMID: 39100284 PMCID: PMC11292845 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c02535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 07/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Leptospirosis is one of the re-emerging zoonotic diseases, especially in tropical regions. Many antibiotics are used to treat leptospirosis, but there are no scientific evidence-based guidelines or systematic clinical trials for using these drugs. A bioinformatics approach was made to shortlist some Food and Drug Administration (FDA) of the United States of America-approved and currently used drugs for leptospirosis. The existing drugs from the Drug Bank database, which are currently not used for leptospirosis, were selected to identify their target proteins and binding sites using bioinformatics methods. Orthologues of these target proteins were selected from the proteome database of Leptospira. The similar sites and their interactions with the drugs were validated and recommended for use in leptospirosis. Further, the sensitivity of recommended drugs was also validated in vitro. The sequences and structures of these proteins were compared under strictly controlled parameters and shortlisted Gatifloxacin, Imipenem, Latamoxef, Doripenem, Tigecycline, and Lactams as repurposable drugs for leptospirosis. An in vitro validation of the drugs showed significant antileptospiral activity in 12 serovars with low IC50 concentrations and also showed that the IC50 values varied across Leptospira serovars. Further, suitable proteins under the concept of "One Target, Many Drugs" identified DNA gyrase subunit A (Q72WD1), 30S ribosomal protein S9 (Q72U99), and 30S ribosomal protein S12 (Q72UA6), and these proteins were found across the pathogenic, saprophytic, and intermediate species of Leptospira. We describe a method to find repurposable drugs from the approved list that are not currently used to treat leptospirosis and validate them to be taken forward for systematic clinical trials specific to leptospirosis for recommendations in clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Suneetha Hariharan
- Department
of Biochemistry, ICMR Regional Medical Research
Centre, Port Blair, Andaman and Nicobar Islands 744103, India
| | - Sohini Chakraborti
- Molecular
Biophysics Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka 560012, India
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9
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Marshall CM, Federice JG, Bell CN, Cox PB, Njardarson JT. An Update on the Nitrogen Heterocycle Compositions and Properties of U.S. FDA-Approved Pharmaceuticals (2013-2023). J Med Chem 2024; 67:11622-11655. [PMID: 38995264 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c01122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
This Perspective is a continuation of our analysis of U.S. FDA-approved small-molecule drugs (1938-2012) containing nitrogen heterocycles. In this study we report drug structure and property analyses of 321 unique new small-molecule drugs approved from January 2013 to December 2023 as well as information about frequency of important heteroatoms such as sulfur and fluorine and key small nitrogen substituents (CN and NO2). The most notable change is an incredible increase in drugs containing at least one nitrogen heterocycle─82%, compared to 59% from preceding decades─as well as a significant increase in the number of nitrogen heterocycles per drug. Pyridine has claimed the #1 high-frequency nitrogen heterocycle occurrence spot from piperidine (#2), with pyrimidine (#5), pyrazole (#6), and morpholine (#9) being the big top 10 climbers. Also notable is high number of fused nitrogen heterocycles, apparently driven largely by newly approved cancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M Marshall
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - John G Federice
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Chloe N Bell
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Philip B Cox
- Discovery Research, AbbVie Inc., 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Jon T Njardarson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
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10
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Althubyani AA, Canto S, Pham H, Holger DJ, Rey J. Antibiotic-induced neuropsychiatric toxicity: epidemiology, mechanisms and management strategies - a narrative literature review. Drugs Context 2024; 13:2024-3-3. [PMID: 39072301 PMCID: PMC11281100 DOI: 10.7573/dic.2024-3-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Antibiotics are amongst the most prescribed medications globally in both inpatient and outpatient settings. Antibiotic-induced neuropsychiatric toxicity is relatively uncommon; yet, when it occurs, it can lead to severe morbidity ranging from dizziness and confusion to seizure and psychosis. However, the actual incidence rate of these adverse events may be higher due to underdiagnosis or misdiagnosis as they are commonly confused with clinical manifestations of different neuropsychiatric conditions. The incidence and mechanism of antibiotic-induced neuropsychiatric toxicity vary between different antibiotic classes and clinical presentation (i.e. neurotoxicity versus psychiatric toxicity). However, the exact mechanism by which antibiotics can cause neuropsychiatric toxicity remains unclear. This article reviews the epidemiology of antibiotic-induced neuropsychiatric toxicity, explores potential mechanisms of this adverse event, investigates variations in frequency and clinical presentations between different antibiotic classes causing neuropsychiatric toxicity, and discusses management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali A Althubyani
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Barry and Judy Silverman College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, USA
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samantha Canto
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Barry and Judy Silverman College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, USA
- Department of Pharmacy Services, South Florida State Hospital, Pembroke Pines, Florida, USA
| | - Huy Pham
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Barry and Judy Silverman College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, USA
| | - Dana J Holger
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Barry and Judy Silverman College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, USA
| | - Jose Rey
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Barry and Judy Silverman College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, USA
- Department of Pharmacy Services, South Florida State Hospital, Pembroke Pines, Florida, USA
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11
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Butler MS, Vollmer W, Goodall ECA, Capon RJ, Henderson IR, Blaskovich MAT. A Review of Antibacterial Candidates with New Modes of Action. ACS Infect Dis 2024. [PMID: 39018341 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.4c00218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
There is a lack of new antibiotics to combat drug-resistant bacterial infections that increasingly threaten global health. The current pipeline of clinical-stage antimicrobials is primarily populated by "new and improved" versions of existing antibiotic classes, supplemented by several novel chemical scaffolds that act on traditional targets. The lack of fresh chemotypes acting on previously unexploited targets (the "holy grail" for new antimicrobials due to their scarcity) is particularly unfortunate as these offer the greatest opportunity for innovative breakthroughs to overcome existing resistance. In recognition of their potential, this review focuses on this subset of high value antibiotics, providing chemical structures where available. This review focuses on candidates that have progressed to clinical trials, as well as selected examples of promising pioneering approaches in advanced stages of development, in order to stimulate additional research aimed at combating drug-resistant infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark S Butler
- Centre for Superbug Solutions and ARC Training Centre for Environmental and Agricultural Solutions to Antimicrobial Resistance, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Waldemar Vollmer
- Centre for Superbug Solutions and ARC Training Centre for Environmental and Agricultural Solutions to Antimicrobial Resistance, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Emily C A Goodall
- Centre for Superbug Solutions and ARC Training Centre for Environmental and Agricultural Solutions to Antimicrobial Resistance, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Robert J Capon
- Centre for Superbug Solutions and ARC Training Centre for Environmental and Agricultural Solutions to Antimicrobial Resistance, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Ian R Henderson
- Centre for Superbug Solutions and ARC Training Centre for Environmental and Agricultural Solutions to Antimicrobial Resistance, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Mark A T Blaskovich
- Centre for Superbug Solutions and ARC Training Centre for Environmental and Agricultural Solutions to Antimicrobial Resistance, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
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12
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Pfeiffer IPM, Schröder MP, Mordhorst S. Opportunities and challenges of RiPP-based therapeutics. Nat Prod Rep 2024; 41:990-1019. [PMID: 38411278 DOI: 10.1039/d3np00057e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Covering: up to 2024Ribosomally synthesised and post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs) comprise a substantial group of peptide natural products exhibiting noteworthy bioactivities ranging from antiinfective to anticancer and analgesic effects. Furthermore, RiPP biosynthetic pathways represent promising production routes for complex peptide drugs, and the RiPP technology is well-suited for peptide engineering to produce derivatives with specific functions. Thus, RiPP natural products possess features that render them potentially ideal candidates for drug discovery and development. Nonetheless, only a small number of RiPP-derived compounds have successfully reached the market thus far. This review initially outlines the therapeutic opportunities that RiPP-based compounds can offer, whilst subsequently discussing the limitations that require resolution in order to fully exploit the potential of RiPPs towards the development of innovative drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel P-M Pfeiffer
- University of Tübingen, Pharmaceutical Institute, Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Maria-Paula Schröder
- University of Tübingen, Pharmaceutical Institute, Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Silja Mordhorst
- University of Tübingen, Pharmaceutical Institute, Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
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13
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Hu X, Sun Z, Nian Y, Wang Y, Dang Y, Li F, Feng J, Yu E, Tao C. Self-Explainable Graph Neural Network for Alzheimer Disease and Related Dementias Risk Prediction: Algorithm Development and Validation Study. JMIR Aging 2024; 7:e54748. [PMID: 38976869 PMCID: PMC11263893 DOI: 10.2196/54748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer disease and related dementias (ADRD) rank as the sixth leading cause of death in the United States, underlining the importance of accurate ADRD risk prediction. While recent advancements in ADRD risk prediction have primarily relied on imaging analysis, not all patients undergo medical imaging before an ADRD diagnosis. Merging machine learning with claims data can reveal additional risk factors and uncover interconnections among diverse medical codes. OBJECTIVE The study aims to use graph neural networks (GNNs) with claim data for ADRD risk prediction. Addressing the lack of human-interpretable reasons behind these predictions, we introduce an innovative, self-explainable method to evaluate relationship importance and its influence on ADRD risk prediction. METHODS We used a variationally regularized encoder-decoder GNN (variational GNN [VGNN]) integrated with our proposed relation importance method for estimating ADRD likelihood. This self-explainable method can provide a feature-important explanation in the context of ADRD risk prediction, leveraging relational information within a graph. Three scenarios with 1-year, 2-year, and 3-year prediction windows were created to assess the model's efficiency, respectively. Random forest (RF) and light gradient boost machine (LGBM) were used as baselines. By using this method, we further clarify the key relationships for ADRD risk prediction. RESULTS In scenario 1, the VGNN model showed area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) scores of 0.7272 and 0.7480 for the small subset and the matched cohort data set. It outperforms RF and LGBM by 10.6% and 9.1%, respectively, on average. In scenario 2, it achieved AUROC scores of 0.7125 and 0.7281, surpassing the other models by 10.5% and 8.9%, respectively. Similarly, in scenario 3, AUROC scores of 0.7001 and 0.7187 were obtained, exceeding 10.1% and 8.5% than the baseline models, respectively. These results clearly demonstrate the significant superiority of the graph-based approach over the tree-based models (RF and LGBM) in predicting ADRD. Furthermore, the integration of the VGNN model and our relation importance interpretation could provide valuable insight into paired factors that may contribute to or delay ADRD progression. CONCLUSIONS Using our innovative self-explainable method with claims data enhances ADRD risk prediction and provides insights into the impact of interconnected medical code relationships. This methodology not only enables ADRD risk modeling but also shows potential for other image analysis predictions using claims data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Hu
- Department of Artificial Intelligence and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
- McWilliams School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Zenan Sun
- McWilliams School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Yi Nian
- McWilliams School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Yichen Wang
- Division of Hospital Medicine at Perelman School of Medicine, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Yifang Dang
- McWilliams School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Fang Li
- Department of Artificial Intelligence and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
- McWilliams School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Jingna Feng
- Department of Artificial Intelligence and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
- McWilliams School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Evan Yu
- McWilliams School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Cui Tao
- Department of Artificial Intelligence and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
- McWilliams School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
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14
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Chiodi D, Ishihara Y. The role of the methoxy group in approved drugs. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 273:116364. [PMID: 38781921 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
The methoxy substituent is prevalent in natural products and, consequently, is present in many natural product-derived drugs. It has also been installed in modern drug molecules with no remnant of natural product features because medicinal chemists have been taking advantage of the benefits that this small functional group can bestow on ligand-target binding, physicochemical properties, and ADME parameters. Herein, over 230 methoxy-containing small-molecule drugs, as well as several fluoromethoxy-containing drugs, are presented from the vantage point of the methoxy group. Biochemical mechanisms of action, medicinal chemistry SAR studies, and numerous X-ray cocrystal structures are analyzed to identify the precise role of the methoxy group for many of the drugs and drug classes. Although the methoxy substituent can be considered as the hybridization of a hydroxy and a methyl group, the combination of these functionalities often results in unique effects that can amount to more than the sum of the individual parts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debora Chiodi
- Department of Chemistry, Takeda Pharmaceuticals, 9625 Towne Centre Drive, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Yoshihiro Ishihara
- Department of Chemistry, Vividion Therapeutics, 5820 Nancy Ridge Drive, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA.
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15
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Li P, Shi M, Yang K, Jing T, Kang Z, Hu W, Qian Y. Diastereoselective Synthesis of 4-Hydroxy-2-quinolinones via Formal [2 + 4] Cycloaddition Reactions Using α-Diazo Pyrazoleamides as C2 Synthons. Org Lett 2024; 26:5554-5559. [PMID: 38912750 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c01956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
A rhodium-catalyzed highly stereoselective formal [2 + 4]-cycloaddition reaction of α-diazo pyrazoleamides and 2-aminophenyl ketones that produces 4-hydroxy-2-quinolinones in good yields with excellent diastereoselectivities has been developed. A pyrazolium ylide species that is generated from α-diazo pyrazoleamides is used as a C2 synthon for this cycloaddition. This protocol offers an efficient approach to a variety of 4-hydroxy-2-quinolinones featuring sequential quaternary centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Anti-Infective Drug Discovery and Development, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Maoqing Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Anti-Infective Drug Discovery and Development, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Kaixin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Anti-Infective Drug Discovery and Development, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Tongfei Jing
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan 528400, China
| | - Zhenghui Kang
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan 528400, China
| | - Wenhao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Anti-Infective Drug Discovery and Development, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yu Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Anti-Infective Drug Discovery and Development, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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16
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Sadanala BD, Trivedi R. Ferrocenyl Azoles: Versatile N-Containing Heterocycles and their Anticancer Activities. CHEM REC 2024; 24:e202300347. [PMID: 38984727 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202300347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
The medicinal chemistry of ferrocene has gained its momentum after the discovery of biological activities of ferrocifen and ferroquine. These ferrocenyl drugs have been designed by replacing the aromatic moiety of the organic drugs, tamoxifen and chloroquine respectively, with a ferrocenyl unit. The promising biological activities of these ferrocenyl drugs have paved a path to explore the medicinal applications of several ferrocenyl conjugates. In these conjugates, the ferrocenyl moiety has played a vital role in enhancing or imparting the anticancer activity to the molecule. The ferrocenyl conjugates induce the cytotoxicity by generating reactive oxygen species and thereby damaging the DNA. In medicinal chemistry, the five membered nitrogen heterocycles (azoles) play a significant role due to their rigid ring structure and hydrogen bonding ability with the biomolecules. Several potent drug candidates with azole groups have been in use as chemotherapeutics. Considering the importance of ferrocenyl moiety and azole groups, several ferrocenyl azole conjugates have been synthesized and screened for their biological activities. Hence, in the view of a wide scope in the development of potent drugs based on ferrocenyl azole conjugates, herein we present the details of synthesis and the anticancer activities of ferrocenyl compounds bearing azole groups such as imidazole, triazoles, thiazole and isoxazoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhavya Deepthi Sadanala
- Catalysis and Fine Chemicals Department, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana, India
- Present address, Department of Chemistry, Central University of Karnataka, Kalaburagi, 585367, Karnataka, India
| | - Rajiv Trivedi
- Catalysis and Fine Chemicals Department, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, AcSIR, Headquarters, CSIR-HRDC campus Sector 19, Kamala Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad, U.P., 201 002, India
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17
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Kirana B, Shanmukha M, Usha A. A QSPR analysis and curvilinear regression models for various degree-based topological indices: Quinolone antibiotics. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32397. [PMID: 38975153 PMCID: PMC11226772 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Topological indices play an essential role in defining a chemical compound numerically and are widely used in QSPR/QSAR analysis. Using this analysis, physicochemical properties of the compounds and the topological indices are studied. Quinolones are synthetic antibiotics employed for treating the diseases caused by bacteria. Across the years, Quinolones have shifted its position from minor drug to a very significant drug to treat the infections caused by bacteria and in the urinary tract. A study is carried out on various Quinolone antibiotic drugs by computing topological indices through QSPR analysis. Curvilinear regression models such as linear, quadratic and cubic regression models are determined for all topological indices. These regression models are depicted graphically by extending for fourth degree and fifth degree models for significant topological indices with its corresponding physical property showing the variation between each model. Various studies have been carried out using linear regression models while this work is extended for curvilinear regression models using a novel concept of finding minimal R M S E . R M S E is a significant measure to find potential predictive index that fits QSAR/QSPR analysis. The goal of R M S E lies in predicting a certain property of a chemical compound based on the molecular structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. Kirana
- Department of Mathematics, KVG College of Engineering, Sullia, 574327, India
- Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi, 590018, India
| | - M.C. Shanmukha
- Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi, 590018, India
- Department of Mathematics, PES Institute of Technology and Management, Shivamogga, 577204, India
| | - A. Usha
- Department of Mathematics, Alliance School of Applied Mathematics, Alliance University, Bangalore, 562106, India
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18
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Kim SG, Kim BE, Lee JH, Kim DW. Novel Qnr Families as Conserved and Intrinsic Quinolone Resistance Determinants in Aeromonas spp. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 34:1276-1286. [PMID: 38693047 PMCID: PMC11239419 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2403.03043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
The environment has been identified as an origin, reservoir, and transmission route of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Among diverse environments, freshwater environments have been recognized as pivotal in the transmission of ARGs between opportunistic pathogens and autochthonous bacteria such as Aeromonas spp. In this study, five environmental strains of Aeromonas spp. exhibiting multidrug resistance (MDR) were selected for whole-genome sequencing to ascertain their taxonomic assignment at the species-level and to delineate their ARG repertoires. Analyses of their genomes revealed the presence of one protein almost identical to AhQnr (A. hydrophila Qnr protein) and four novel proteins similar to AhQnr. To scrutinize the classification and taxonomic distribution of these proteins, all Aeromonas genomes deposited in the NCBI RefSeq genome database (1,222 genomes) were investigated. This revealed that these Aeromonas Qnr (AQnr) proteins are conserved intrinsic resistance determinants of the genus, exhibiting species-specific diversity. Additionally, structure prediction and analysis of contribution to quinolone resistance by AQnr proteins of the isolates, confirmed their functionality as quinolone resistance determinants. Given the origin of mobile qnr genes from aquatic bacteria and the crucial role of Aeromonas spp. in ARG dissemination in aquatic environments, a thorough understanding and strict surveillance of AQnr families prior to the clinical emergence are imperative. In this study, using comparative genome analyses and functional characterization of AQnr proteins in the genus Aeromonas, novel Aeromonas ARGs requiring surveillance has suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Gyu Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Eun Kim
- Microbial Safety Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Hun Lee
- National Leading Research Laboratory of Drug Resistance Proteomics, Department of Biological Sciences, Myongji University, Yongin 17058, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Wi Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
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19
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Bano N, Parveen S, Saeed M, Siddiqui S, Abohassan M, Mir SS. Drug Repurposing of Selected Antibiotics: An Emerging Approach in Cancer Drug Discovery. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:26762-26779. [PMID: 38947816 PMCID: PMC11209889 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c00617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Drug repurposing is a method of investigating new therapeutic applications for previously approved medications. This repurposing approach to "old" medications is now highly efficient, simple to arrange, and cost-effective and poses little risk of failure in treating a variety of disorders, including cancer. Drug repurposing for cancer therapy is currently a key topic of study. It is a way of exploring recent therapeutic applications for already-existing drugs. Theoretically, the repurposing strategy has various advantages over the recognized challenges of creating new molecular entities, including being faster, safer, easier, and less expensive. In the real world, several medications have been repurposed, including aspirin, metformin, and chloroquine. However, doctors and scientists address numerous challenges when repurposing drugs, such as the fact that most drugs are not cost-effective and are resistant to bacteria. So the goal of this review is to gather information regarding repurposing pharmaceuticals to make them more cost-effective and harder for bacteria to resist. Cancer patients are more susceptible to bacterial infections. Due to their weak immune systems, antibiotics help protect them from a variety of infectious diseases. Although antibiotics are not immune boosters, they do benefit the defense system by killing bacteria and slowing the growth of cancer cells. Their use also increases the therapeutic efficacy and helps avoid recurrence. Of late, antibiotics have been repurposed as potent anticancer agents because of the evolutionary relationship between the prokaryotic genome and mitochondrial DNA of eukaryotes. Anticancer antibiotics that prevent cancer cells from growing by interfering with their DNA and blocking growth of promoters, which include anthracyclines, daunorubicin, epirubicin, mitoxantrone, doxorubicin, and idarubicin, are another type of FDA-approved antibiotics used to treat cancer. According to the endosymbiotic hypothesis, prokaryotes and eukaryotes are thought to have an evolutionary relationship. Hence, in this study, we are trying to explore antibiotics that are necessary for treating diseases, including cancer, helping people reduce deaths associated with various infections, and substantially extending people's life expectancy and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilofer Bano
- Molecular
Cell Biology Laboratory, Integral Centre of Excellence for Interdisciplinary
Research (ICEIR-4), Integral University, Kursi Road, Lucknow 226026, India
- Department
of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Integral University, Kursi Road, Lucknow 226026, India
| | - Sana Parveen
- Molecular
Cell Biology Laboratory, Integral Centre of Excellence for Interdisciplinary
Research (ICEIR-4), Integral University, Kursi Road, Lucknow 226026, India
- Department
of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Integral
University, Kursi Road, Lucknow 226026, India
| | - Mohd Saeed
- Department
of Biology, College of Sciences, University
of Hail, P.O. Box 2240, Hail 55476, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samra Siddiqui
- Department
of Health Services Management, College of Public Health and Health
Informatics, University of Hail, Hail 55476, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Abohassan
- Department
of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Snober S. Mir
- Molecular
Cell Biology Laboratory, Integral Centre of Excellence for Interdisciplinary
Research (ICEIR-4), Integral University, Kursi Road, Lucknow 226026, India
- Department
of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Integral
University, Kursi Road, Lucknow 226026, India
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20
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Kahts M, Summers B, Gutta A, Pilloy W, Ebenhan T. Recently developed radiopharmaceuticals for bacterial infection imaging. EJNMMI Radiopharm Chem 2024; 9:49. [PMID: 38896373 PMCID: PMC11187059 DOI: 10.1186/s41181-024-00279-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infection remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality, regardless of advances in antimicrobial therapy and improved knowledge of microorganisms. With the major global threat posed by antimicrobial resistance, fast and accurate diagnosis of infections, and the reliable identification of intractable infection, are becoming more crucial for effective treatment and the application of antibiotic stewardship. Molecular imaging with the use of nuclear medicine allows early detection and localisation of infection and inflammatory processes, as well as accurate monitoring of treatment response. There has been a continuous search for more specific radiopharmaceuticals to be utilised for infection imaging. This review summarises the most prominent discoveries in specifically bacterial infection imaging agents over the last five years, since 2019. MAIN BODY Some promising new radiopharmaceuticals evaluated in patient studies are reported here, including radiolabelled bacterial siderophores like [68Ga]Ga-DFO-B, radiolabelled antimicrobial peptide/peptide fragments like [68Ga]Ga-NOTA-UBI29-41, and agents that target bacterial synthesis pathways (folic acid and peptidoglycan) like [11C]para-aminobenzoic acid and D-methyl-[11C]-methionine, with clinical trials underway for [18F]fluorodeoxy-sorbitol, as well as for 11C- and 18F-labelled trimethoprim. CONCLUSION It is evident that a great deal of effort has gone into the development of new radiopharmaceuticals for infection imaging over the last few years, with remarkable progress in preclinical investigations. However, translation to clinical trials, and eventually clinical Nuclear Medicine practice, is apparently slow. It is the authors' opinion that a more structured and harmonised preclinical setting and well-designed clinical investigations are the key to reliably evaluate the true potential of the newly proposed infection imaging agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryke Kahts
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, School of Pharmacy, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Ga-Rankuwa, 0208, South Africa.
| | - Beverley Summers
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, School of Pharmacy, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Ga-Rankuwa, 0208, South Africa
| | - Aadil Gutta
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Dr George Mukhari Academic Hospital, Ga-Rankuwa, 0208, South Africa
- School of Medicine, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Ga-Rankuwa, 0208, South Africa
| | - Wilfrid Pilloy
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Dr George Mukhari Academic Hospital, Ga-Rankuwa, 0208, South Africa
| | - Thomas Ebenhan
- Nuclear Medicine Department and Nuclear Medicine Research Infrastructure, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa
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21
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Ferrario N, Marras E, Vivona V, Randisi F, Fallica AN, Marrazzo A, Perletti G, Gariboldi MB. Mechanisms of the Antineoplastic Effects of New Fluoroquinolones in 2D and 3D Human Breast and Bladder Cancer Cell Lines. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2227. [PMID: 38927932 PMCID: PMC11201967 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16122227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Antibacterial fluoroquinolones have emerged as potential anticancer drugs, thus prompting the synthesis of novel molecules with improved cytotoxic characteristics. Ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin derivatives, previously synthesized by our group, showed higher anticancer potency than their progenitors. However, no information about their mechanisms of action was reported. In this study, we selected the most active among these promising molecules and evaluated, on a panel of breast (including those triple-negative) and bladder cancer cell lines, their ability to induce cell cycle alterations and apoptotic and necrotic cell death through cytofluorimetric studies. Furthermore, inhibitory effects on cellular migration, metalloproteinase, and/or acetylated histone protein levels were also evaluated by the scratch/wound healing assay and Western blot analyses, respectively. Finally, the DNA relaxation assay was performed to confirm topoisomerase inhibition. Our results indicate that the highest potency previously observed for the derivatives could be related to their ability to induce G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptotic and/or necrotic cell death. Moreover, they inhibited cellular migration, probably by reducing metalloproteinase levels and histone deacetylases. Finally, topoisomerase inhibition, previously observed in silico, was confirmed. In conclusion, structural modifications of progenitor fluoroquinolones resulted in potent anticancer derivatives possessing multiple mechanisms of action, potentially exploitable for the treatment of aggressive/resistant cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Ferrario
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences (DBSV), University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy; (N.F.); (E.M.); (V.V.); (F.R.); (G.P.)
| | - Emanuela Marras
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences (DBSV), University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy; (N.F.); (E.M.); (V.V.); (F.R.); (G.P.)
| | - Veronica Vivona
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences (DBSV), University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy; (N.F.); (E.M.); (V.V.); (F.R.); (G.P.)
| | - Federica Randisi
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences (DBSV), University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy; (N.F.); (E.M.); (V.V.); (F.R.); (G.P.)
| | - Antonino Nicolò Fallica
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (A.N.F.); (A.M.)
| | - Agostino Marrazzo
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (A.N.F.); (A.M.)
| | - Gianpaolo Perletti
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences (DBSV), University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy; (N.F.); (E.M.); (V.V.); (F.R.); (G.P.)
| | - Marzia Bruna Gariboldi
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences (DBSV), University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy; (N.F.); (E.M.); (V.V.); (F.R.); (G.P.)
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22
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Ross CL, Lawer A, Sircombe KJ, Pletzer D, Gamble AB, Hook S. Site-Specific Antimicrobial Activity of a Dual-Responsive Ciprofloxacin Prodrug. J Med Chem 2024; 67:9599-9612. [PMID: 38780408 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Bacterial infections create distinctive microenvironments with a unique mix of metabolites and enzymes compared with healthy tissues that can be used to trigger the activation of antibiotic prodrugs. Here, a single and dual prodrug masking the C3 carboxylate and C7 piperazine of the fluoroquinolone, ciprofloxacin, responsive to nitroreductase (NTR) and/or hydrogen sulfide (H2S), was developed. Masking both functional groups reduced the activity of the prodrug against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, increasing its minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) by ∼512-fold (S. aureus) and ∼8000-fold (E. coli strains), while masking a single group only increased the MIC by ∼128-fold. Bacteria subjected to prolonged prodrug exposure did not show any increase in resistance. Triggering assays demonstrated the conversion of prodrugs to ciprofloxacin, and in a murine infection model, responsive prodrugs showed antibacterial activity comparable to that of ciprofloxacin, suggesting in vivo activation of prodrugs. Thus, the potential for site-specific antibiotic treatment with reduced threat of resistance is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine L Ross
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Aggie Lawer
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Kathleen J Sircombe
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Daniel Pletzer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Allan B Gamble
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Sarah Hook
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
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23
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Pauletto M, De Liguoro M. A Review on Fluoroquinolones' Toxicity to Freshwater Organisms and a Risk Assessment. J Xenobiot 2024; 14:717-752. [PMID: 38921651 PMCID: PMC11205205 DOI: 10.3390/jox14020042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Fluoroquinolones (FQs) have achieved significant success in both human and veterinary medicine. However, regulatory authorities have recommended limiting their use, firstly because they can have disabling side effects; secondly, because of the need to limit the spread of antibiotic resistance. This review addresses another concerning consequence of the excessive use of FQs: the freshwater environments contamination and the impact on non-target organisms. Here, an overview of the highest concentrations found in Europe, Asia, and the USA is provided, the sensitivity of various taxa is presented through a comparison of the lowest EC50s from about a hundred acute toxicity tests, and primary mechanisms of FQ toxicity are described. A risk assessment is conducted based on the estimation of the Predicted No Effect Concentration (PNEC). This is calculated traditionally and, in a more contemporary manner, by constructing a normalized Species Sensitivity Distribution curve. The lowest individual HC5 (6.52 µg L-1) was obtained for levofloxacin, followed by ciprofloxacin (7.51 µg L-1), sarafloxacin and clinafloxacin (12.23 µg L-1), and ofloxacin (17.12 µg L-1). By comparing the calculated PNEC with detected concentrations, it is evident that the risk cannot be denied: the potential impact of FQs on freshwater ecosystems is a further reason to minimize their use.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marco De Liguoro
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine & Food Science (BCA), University of Padova, Viale dell’Università 16, I-35020 Legnaro, Padova, Italy;
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Zhang T, Feng H. Skeletal Editing of Isatins for Heterocycle Molecular Diversity. CHEM REC 2024; 24:e202400024. [PMID: 38847062 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202400024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Isatins have been widely used in the preparation of a variety of heterocyclic compounds, where the skeletal editing of isatins has shown significant advantages for the construction of diverse heterocycles. This review highlights the progress made in the last decade (2013-2023) in the skeletal editing of the isatin scaffold. A series of ring expansion reactions for the construction of quinoline skeleton, quinolone skeleton, polycyclic quinazoline skeleton, medium-sized ring skeleton, as well as a series of ring opening reactions for the generation of 2-(azoly)aniline skeleton by the cleavage of C-C bond and C-N bond are highlighted. It is hoped that this review will provide some understanding of the chemical transformations of isatins and contribute to the further realization of its molecular diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Zhang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Center for Druggability of Cardiovascular Noncoding RNA, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Huangdi Feng
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Center for Druggability of Cardiovascular Noncoding RNA, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, 201620, China
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Arnaouti E, Georgiadou C, Hatizdimitriou AG, Kalogiannis S, Psomas G. Erbium(III) complexes with fluoroquinolones: Structure and biological properties. J Inorg Biochem 2024; 255:112525. [PMID: 38522216 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2024.112525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Four erbium(III) complexes with the fluoroquinolones enrofloxacin, levofloxacin, flumequine and sparfloxacin as ligands were synthesized and characterized by a wide range of physicochemical and spectroscopic techniques as well as single-crystal X-ray crystallography. The compounds were evaluated for their activity against the bacterial strains Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli and Xanthomonas campestris, which was higher than that of the corresponding free quinolones. The interaction mode of the complexes with calf-thymus DNA is via intercalation, as suggested by diverse studies such as UV-vis spectroscopy, DNA-viscosity measurements and competitive studies with ethidium bromide. Fluorescence emission spectroscopy revealed the high affinity of the complexes for bovine and human serum albumin and the determined binding constants suggested a tight and reversible binding of the compounds with both albumins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Arnaouti
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Christina Georgiadou
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, International Hellenic University, Sindos, GR-57400 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Antonios G Hatizdimitriou
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Stavros Kalogiannis
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, International Hellenic University, Sindos, GR-57400 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - George Psomas
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
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Zeng H, Yang Y, Gao J, Zhou Y, Zheng J. Study of the impurity profile of photodegradation in lomefloxacin hydrochloride ear drops using liquid chromatography combined with ion trap/time-of-flight mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2024; 38:e9732. [PMID: 38525499 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.9732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
RATIONALE Lomefloxacin hydrochloride ear drops are highly unstable to light and prone to produce photodegradation impurities. These impurities might be related to the phototoxicity of lomefloxacin, which could seriously threaten the health of patients. In this article, the photodegradation impurity profile in lomefloxacin hydrochloride ear drops was studied for further improvement of quality control of the drug. METHODS By studying the chromatographic behavior of photodegradation impurities, the photodegradation impurities in lomefloxacin hydrochloride ear drops were separated and detected effectively. Liquid chromatography combined with ion trap/time-of-flight mass spectrometry was applied to characterize the structures of the photodegradation impurities in lomefloxacin hydrochloride ear drops. RESULTS The structures of 17 impurities in lomefloxacin hydrochloride ear drops were elucidated based on high-resolution MSn data in positive ion mode, 12 of them being unknown impurities. CONCLUSIONS The structural characteristics and fragmentation patterns of the photodegradation impurities were also studied. The study of the photodegradation impurity profile in lomefloxacin hydrochloride ear drops provides a scientific basis for quality control of these ear drops and ensures the safety of drug use by the public.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxia Zeng
- Key Laboratory for Core Technology of Generic Drug Evaluation National Medical Product Administration & Key Laboratory of Drug Contacting Materials Quality Control of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Institute for Food and Drug Control, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying Yang
- China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiarui Gao
- Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuping Zhou
- Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinqi Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Core Technology of Generic Drug Evaluation National Medical Product Administration & Key Laboratory of Drug Contacting Materials Quality Control of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Institute for Food and Drug Control, Hangzhou, China
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Makota O, Yankovych HB, Bondarchuk O, Saldan I, Melnyk I. Sphere-shaped ZnO photocatalyst synthesis for enhanced degradation of the Quinolone antibiotic, Ofloxacin, under UV irradiation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024:10.1007/s11356-024-33619-w. [PMID: 38772993 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33619-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
The sphere-shaped zinc oxide (ZnO) photocatalyst was synthesized by the homogeneous precipitation method, using Zn(CH3COO)2·2H2O as a zinc precursor and NH4OH as a precipitating agent. The morphology and crystal structure of the prepared ZnO sample were studied by XRD, SEM, FT-IR, XPS, zeta potential measurements, and a low-temperature nitrogen adsorption-desorption technique. The optical characteristics of ZnO were determined by UV - Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. ZnO photocatalyst performance of up to 100% within 210 min was observed in the photodegradation of the ofloxacin antibiotic under ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. The effect of antibiotic concentration, heavy metal ions, and water sources on the photocatalytic activity of ZnO demonstrated both the potential of its application under different conditions, and a good adaptability of this photocatalyst. The photodegradation reaction correlated well with the first-order kinetics model, with a rate constant of 0.0173 min-1. The reusability of the photocatalyst was verified after three cycles of use. Admittedly, photogenerated electrons and holes played a key role in removal of the antibiotic. This work showed the suitability of prepared ZnO for antibiotic removal, and its potential use for environmental protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oksana Makota
- Department of Physical and Physico-Chemical Methods of Mineral Processing, Institute of Geotechnics of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Watsonova 45, 04001, Košice, Slovak Republic.
- Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, Lviv Polytechnic National University, Stepana Bandery 12, 79013, Lviv, Ukraine.
| | - Halyna Bodnar Yankovych
- Department of Physical and Physico-Chemical Methods of Mineral Processing, Institute of Geotechnics of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Watsonova 45, 04001, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Oleksandr Bondarchuk
- INL - International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Avenida Mestre José Veiga S/N, 4715-330, Braga, Portugal
| | - Ivan Saldan
- CEITEC - Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 123, 61200, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Inna Melnyk
- Department of Physical and Physico-Chemical Methods of Mineral Processing, Institute of Geotechnics of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Watsonova 45, 04001, Košice, Slovak Republic
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Abdelrahim SS, Hassuna NA, Waly NGFM, Kotb DN, Abdelhamid H, Zaki S. Coexistence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) genes among clinical Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates in Egypt. BMC Microbiol 2024; 24:175. [PMID: 38773370 PMCID: PMC11106877 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-024-03319-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Data about the prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) production in P. aeruginosa compared to the Enterobacteriaceae family is limited. The availability of limited therapeutic options raises alarming concerns about the treatment of multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa. This study aimed to assess the presence of PMQR and ESBL genes among P. aeruginosa strains. METHODS Fifty-six P. aeruginosa strains were isolated from 330 patients with different clinical infections. Phenotypically fluoroquinolone-resistant isolates were tested by PCR for the presence of six PMQR genes. Then, blaTEM, blaSHV, and blaCTX-M type ESBL genes were screened to study the co-existence of different resistance determinants. RESULTS Overall, 22/56 (39.3%) of the studied P. aeruginosa isolates were phenotypically resistant to fluoroquinolones. PMQR-producing P. aeruginosa isolates were identified in 20 isolates (90.9%). The acc(6')-Ib-cr was the most prevalent PMQR gene (77.3%). The qnr genes occurred in 72.7%, with the predominance of the qnrA gene at 54.5%, followed by the qnrS gene at 27.3%, then qnrB and qnrC at 22.7%. The qepA was not detected in any isolate. The acc(6')-Ib-cr was associated with qnr genes in 65% of positive PMQR isolates. Significant differences between the fluoroquinolone-resistant and fluoroquinolone-susceptible isolates in terms of the antibiotic resistance rates of amikacin, imipenem, and cefepime (P value < 0.0001) were found. The ESBL genes were detected in 52% of cephalosporin-resistant P. aeruginosa isolates. The most frequent ESBL gene was blaCTX-M (76.9%), followed by blaTEM (46.2%). No isolates carried the blaSHV gene. The acc(6')-Ib-cr gene showed the highest association with ESBL genes, followed by the qnrA gene. The correlation matrix of the detected PMQR and ESBL genes indicated overall positive correlations. The strongest and most highly significant correlation was between qnrA and acc(6')-Ib-cr (r = 0.602) and between qnrA and blaCTX-M (r = 0.519). CONCLUSION A high prevalence of PMQR genes among the phenotypic fluoroquinolone-resistant P. aeruginosa isolates was detected, with the co-carriage of different PMQR genes. The most frequent PMQR was the acc(6')-Ib-cr gene. Co-existence between PMQR and ESBL genes was found, with 75% of PMQR-positive isolates carrying at least one ESBL gene. A high and significant correlation between the ESBL and PMQR genes was detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soha S Abdelrahim
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, 61511, Egypt.
| | - Noha A Hassuna
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, 61511, Egypt
| | - Nancy G F M Waly
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Dalia N Kotb
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, 61511, Egypt
| | - Haitham Abdelhamid
- Tropical Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Shaimaa Zaki
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, 61511, Egypt
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Domínguez-Martín EM, Ntungwe E, Isca VMS, Princiotto S, Díaz-Lanza AM, André V, Ríjo P. Antibiotic Coordination Frameworks against Antibiotic Resistance: How to Involve Students through Experimental Practices in the Search for Solutions to Public Health Problems. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL EDUCATION 2024; 101:2045-2051. [PMID: 38764939 PMCID: PMC11097387 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jchemed.3c01125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
For decades, multiple varieties of antibiotics have been successfully used for therapeutic purposes. Nevertheless, antibiotic resistance is currently one of the major threats to global health. This work presents an innovative laboratory practice carried out in an inorganic medicinal chemistry course within the Degrees of Pharmacy and Biochemistry for undergraduate students. This experiment includes three classes of 2 h each. The first class consisted of the mechanochemical synthesis of an antibiotic coordination framework (ACF) using a known antibiotic (nalidixic acid) and zinc as the ligand. The prepared Zn-nalidixic acid ACF (Zn-ACF) was obtained in up to 82% yield with high purity. On the second day, the synthesized Zn-ACF was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD). Finally, during the last class, the antimicrobial activity was tested against Escherichia coli by the well diffusion method. The students verified the higher antimicrobial activity of Zn-ACF compared to nalidixic acid, proving that small changes in the chemical structure can result in great biological differences. In the end, the students presented their results in a poster format, encouraging the development of their soft skills and scientific results communication and dissemination. In the future, it is expected that such a laboratory experiment at the interface between medicinal chemistry, microbiology, analytical techniques, public health, and pharmacology will lead to the development and implementation of some service-learning practices and will serve as a model to look at for other courses and institutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva María Domínguez-Martín
- CBIOS
− Universidade Lusófona’s Research Center for
Biosciences & Health Technologies, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisbon, Portugal
- Universidad
de Alcalá de Henares, Facultad de Farmacia, Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas
(Área de Farmacología); Nuevos Agentes Antitumorales,
Acción Tóxica Sobre Células Leucémicas, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona km. 33,600, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, España
| | - Epole Ntungwe
- CBIOS
− Universidade Lusófona’s Research Center for
Biosciences & Health Technologies, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisbon, Portugal
- Universidad
de Alcalá de Henares, Facultad de Farmacia, Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas
(Área de Farmacología); Nuevos Agentes Antitumorales,
Acción Tóxica Sobre Células Leucémicas, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona km. 33,600, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, España
| | - Vera M. S. Isca
- CBIOS
− Universidade Lusófona’s Research Center for
Biosciences & Health Technologies, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisbon, Portugal
- Instituto
de Investigação do Medicamento (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade
de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Salvatore Princiotto
- Department
of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Via Celoria 2, Milan 20133, Italy
| | - Ana María Díaz-Lanza
- Universidad
de Alcalá de Henares, Facultad de Farmacia, Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas
(Área de Farmacología); Nuevos Agentes Antitumorales,
Acción Tóxica Sobre Células Leucémicas, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona km. 33,600, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, España
| | - Vânia André
- Centro
de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Instituto
Superior Técnico, Universidade de
Lisboa, Avenida Rovisco
Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Ríjo
- CBIOS
− Universidade Lusófona’s Research Center for
Biosciences & Health Technologies, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisbon, Portugal
- Instituto
de Investigação do Medicamento (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade
de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
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Chang H, Xu G, Huang X, Xu W, Luo F, Zang J, Lin X, Huang R, Yu H, Yu B. Photocatalytic Degradation of Quinolones by Magnetic MOFs Materials and Mechanism Study. Molecules 2024; 29:2294. [PMID: 38792155 PMCID: PMC11123774 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29102294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
With the rising incidence of various diseases in China and the constant development of the pharmaceutical industry, there is a growing demand for floxacin-type antibiotics. Due to the large-scale production and high cost of waste treatment, the parent drug and its metabolites constantly enter the water environment through domestic sewage, production wastewater, and other pathways. In recent years, the pollution of the aquatic environment by floxacin has become increasingly serious, making the technology to degrade floxacin in the aquatic environment a research hotspot in the field of environmental science. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), as a new type of porous material, have attracted much attention in recent years. In this paper, four photocatalytic materials, MIL-53(Fe), NH2-MIL-53(Fe), MIL-100(Fe), and g-C3N4, were synthesised and applied to the study of the removal of ofloxacin and enrofloxacin. Among them, the MIL-100(Fe) material exhibited the best photocatalytic effect. The degradation efficiency of ofloxacin reached 95.1% after 3 h under visible light, while enrofloxacin was basically completely degraded. The effects of different materials on the visible photocatalytic degradation of the floxacin were investigated. Furthermore, the photocatalytic mechanism of enrofloxacin and ofloxacin was revealed by the use of three trappers (▪O2-, h+, and ▪OH), demonstrating that the role of ▪O2- promoted the degradation effect of the materials under photocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongchao Chang
- School of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China; (H.C.); (G.X.); (F.L.); (J.Z.); (X.L.); (R.H.)
| | - Guangyao Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China; (H.C.); (G.X.); (F.L.); (J.Z.); (X.L.); (R.H.)
| | - Xiantong Huang
- Ecological Environment Testing Centre, Zaozhuang 277300, China;
| | - Wei Xu
- Zhejiang Baima Lake Laboratory Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310053, China;
| | - Fujuan Luo
- School of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China; (H.C.); (G.X.); (F.L.); (J.Z.); (X.L.); (R.H.)
| | - Jiarong Zang
- School of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China; (H.C.); (G.X.); (F.L.); (J.Z.); (X.L.); (R.H.)
| | - Xiaowei Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China; (H.C.); (G.X.); (F.L.); (J.Z.); (X.L.); (R.H.)
| | - Rong Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China; (H.C.); (G.X.); (F.L.); (J.Z.); (X.L.); (R.H.)
| | - Hua Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China; (H.C.); (G.X.); (F.L.); (J.Z.); (X.L.); (R.H.)
- Taizhou Biomedical and Chemistry Industry Institute, Taizhou 318000, China
| | - Binbin Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China; (H.C.); (G.X.); (F.L.); (J.Z.); (X.L.); (R.H.)
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Ralhan K, Iyer KA, Diaz LL, Bird R, Maind A, Zhou QA. Navigating Antibacterial Frontiers: A Panoramic Exploration of Antibacterial Landscapes, Resistance Mechanisms, and Emerging Therapeutic Strategies. ACS Infect Dis 2024; 10:1483-1519. [PMID: 38691668 PMCID: PMC11091902 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.4c00115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
The development of effective antibacterial solutions has become paramount in maintaining global health in this era of increasing bacterial threats and rampant antibiotic resistance. Traditional antibiotics have played a significant role in combating bacterial infections throughout history. However, the emergence of novel resistant strains necessitates constant innovation in antibacterial research. We have analyzed the data on antibacterials from the CAS Content Collection, the largest human-curated collection of published scientific knowledge, which has proven valuable for quantitative analysis of global scientific knowledge. Our analysis focuses on mining the CAS Content Collection data for recent publications (since 2012). This article aims to explore the intricate landscape of antibacterial research while reviewing the advancement from traditional antibiotics to novel and emerging antibacterial strategies. By delving into the resistance mechanisms, this paper highlights the need to find alternate strategies to address the growing concern.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Leilani Lotti Diaz
- CAS,
A Division of the American Chemical Society, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Robert Bird
- CAS,
A Division of the American Chemical Society, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Ankush Maind
- ACS
International India Pvt. Ltd., Pune 411044, India
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32
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Voigt M, Dluziak JM, Wellen N, Jaeger M. Mechanistic study of the electrochemical oxidation of fluoroquinolones: Ciprofloxacin, danofloxacin, enoxacin, levofloxacin and lomefloxacin. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 355:141763. [PMID: 38522672 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
The fluoroquinolones ciprofloxacin, danofloxacin, enoxacin, levofloxacin and lomefloxacin, occur in water bodies worldwide and therefore pose a threat to the aquatic environment. Advanced purification procedures, such as electrochemical oxidation, may act as a remedy since they contribute to eliminating contaminants and prevent micropollutants from entering open water bodies. By electrochemical treatment in a micro-flow reactor equipped with a boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrode, the fluoroquinolones were efficiently degraded. A total of 15 new products were identified using high-performance high-resolution chromatography coupled with high-resolution multifragmentation mass spectrometry. The ecotoxicity of the emerging transformation products was estimated through in silico quantitative structure activity relationship analysis. Almost all transformation products were predicted less ecotoxic than the initial compounds. The fluoroquinolone degradation followed three major mechanisms depending on the voltage during the electrochemical oxidation. At approximately 1 V, the reactions started with the elimination of molecular hydrogen from the piperazine moiety. At approx. 1.25 V, methyl and methylene groups were eliminated. At 1.5 V, hydroxyl radicals, generated at the BDD electrode, led to substitution at the piperazine ring. This novel finding of the three reactions depending on voltage contributes to the mechanistic understanding of electrochemical oxidation as potential remedy against fluoroquinolones in the aquatic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Voigt
- Niederrhein University of Applied Sciences, Department of Chemistry and ILOC, Frankenring 20, D-47798, Krefeld, Germany
| | - Jean-Michel Dluziak
- Niederrhein University of Applied Sciences, Department of Chemistry and ILOC, Frankenring 20, D-47798, Krefeld, Germany
| | - Nils Wellen
- Niederrhein University of Applied Sciences, Department of Chemistry and ILOC, Frankenring 20, D-47798, Krefeld, Germany
| | - Martin Jaeger
- Niederrhein University of Applied Sciences, Department of Chemistry and ILOC, Frankenring 20, D-47798, Krefeld, Germany.
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33
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Wang M, Zheng X, Yangcuo Z, Zhang S, Xie L, Cai Q. A novel synchronous fluorescence spectrometry combined with fluorescence sensitization for the highly sensitive and simultaneous detection of enoxacin, ofloxacin and tetracycline hydrochloride residues in wastewater. Talanta 2024; 271:125707. [PMID: 38280265 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.125707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
The synergistic effect of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and Mg2+ could significantly enhance the fluorescence intensity of enoxacin (ENO) at λex/λem = 269.2 nm/385.6 nm, ofloxacin (OFL) at λex/λem = 290.8 nm/466.2 nm and tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) at λex/λem = 372.6 nm/514.8 nm. Moreover, when the wavelength difference (Δλ) was chosen 135 nm, the synchronous fluorescence spectra of the three antibiotic complexes could be well separated and the interference of the samples matrix were eliminated primely. Therefore, only one synchronous fluorescence scan was needed to simultaneously determine the three antibiotics. Based on these facts, a synchronous fluorescence spectrometry combining fluorescence sensitization for highly sensitive and selective determination of ENO, OFL and TCH residues in wastewater was developed for the first time. The experimental results showed that the concentrations of ENO, OFL and TCH in the range of 0.5-550 ng mL-1, 1-1500 ng mL-1 and 10-5500 ng mL-1 showed a good linear relationship with fluorescence intensity. The limits of detection were 0.0599 ng mL-1, 0.115 ng mL-1 and 0.151 ng mL-1, respectively. The recoveries of the actual sample were 87.50%-99.99 %, 93.00%-98.50 % and 85.70%-98.42 %, respectively. Overall, the novel synchronous fluorescence spectrometry established in the experiment has the advantages of high sensitivity, good selectivity, fast detection speed and high accuracy. It has been successfully applied to the detection of residual amounts of ENO, OFL and TCH in wastewater with satisfactory results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menglin Wang
- The School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350000, China; Pharmaceutical and Medical Technology College of Putian University, Putian, Fujian, 351100, China
| | - Xiaodan Zheng
- The School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350000, China; Pharmaceutical and Medical Technology College of Putian University, Putian, Fujian, 351100, China
| | - Zhima Yangcuo
- Environmental and Biological Engineering College of Putian University, Putian, Fujian, 351100, China
| | - Shiqi Zhang
- Pharmaceutical and Medical Technology College of Putian University, Putian, Fujian, 351100, China
| | - Lingfang Xie
- Pharmaceutical and Medical Technology College of Putian University, Putian, Fujian, 351100, China
| | - Qihong Cai
- Pharmaceutical and Medical Technology College of Putian University, Putian, Fujian, 351100, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Laboratory Medicine (Putian University), Fujian Province University, Putian, Fujian, 351100, China.
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Zhang J, Liu M, Guo H, Gao S, Hu Y, Zeng G, Yang D. Nanotechnology-driven strategies to enhance the treatment of drug-resistant bacterial infections. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 16:e1968. [PMID: 38772565 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
The misuse of antibiotics has led to increased bacterial resistance, posing a global public health crisis and seriously endangering lives. Currently, antibiotic therapy remains the most common approach for treating bacterial infections, but its effectiveness against multidrug-resistant bacteria is diminishing due to the slow development of new antibiotics and the increase of bacterial drug resistance. Consequently, developing new a\ntimicrobial strategies and improving antibiotic efficacy to combat bacterial infection has become an urgent priority. The emergence of nanotechnology has revolutionized the traditional antibiotic treatment, presenting new opportunities for refractory bacterial infection. Here we comprehensively review the research progress in nanotechnology-based antimicrobial drug delivery and highlight diverse platforms designed to target different bacterial resistance mechanisms. We also outline the use of nanotechnology in combining antibiotic therapy with other therapeutic modalities to enhance the therapeutic effectiveness of drug-resistant bacterial infections. These innovative therapeutic strategies have the potential to enhance bacterial susceptibility and overcome bacterial resistance. Finally, the challenges and prospects for the application of nanomaterial-based antimicrobial strategies in combating bacterial resistance are discussed. This article is categorized under: Biology-Inspired Nanomaterials > Nucleic Acid-Based Structures Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Infectious Disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Zhang
- School of Fundamental Sciences, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, China
| | - Ming Liu
- School of Fundamental Sciences, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, China
| | - Haiyang Guo
- School of Fundamental Sciences, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, China
| | - Shuwen Gao
- School of Fundamental Sciences, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, China
| | - Yanling Hu
- College of Life and Health, Nanjing Polytechnic Institute, Nanjing, China
| | - Guisheng Zeng
- Infectious Diseases Labs (ID Labs), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Dongliang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, China
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Wang B, Liu L, Zhang H, Wang Z, Chen K, Wu B, Hu L, Zhou X, Liu L. A group-targeting biosensor for sensitive and rapid detection of quinolones in water samples. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1301:342475. [PMID: 38553128 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2024.342475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quinolones (QNs) widely exist in the environment due to their wide range of applications and poor metabolic properties, resulting in the generation and spread of resistance genes, posing a potential threat to human health. Traditional analytical methods cannot detect all broad ranges of QNs simultaneously. The development of facile, efficient and reliable method for quantification and assessment of the total QNs is a long-lasting challenge. RESULTS We hereby provide a simple, sensitive and instantaneous group-targeting biosensor for the detection of total QNs in environmental water samples. The biosensor is based on a group-specific antibodies with high affinity against QNs. Fluorescent labeled antibodies bound to the coated antigen modified on the surface of the transducer, and excited by the evanescent waves. The detected fluorescent signal is inversely proportional to the QNs concentration. This biosensor exhibited excellent performance with detection limits lower than 0.15 μg L-1 for all five QNs variants, and even lower than 0.075 μg L-1 for ciprofloxacin (CIP) and ofloxacin (OFL). Environmental water samples can be detected after simple pretreatment, and all detection steps can be completed in 10 min. The transducer has a high regenerative capacity and shows no significant signal degradation after two hundred detection cycles. The recoveries of QNs in a variety of wastewater range from 105 to 119%, confirming its application potential in the measurement of total QNs in reality. SIGNIFICANCE The biosensor can realize rapid and sensitive detection of total QNs in water samples by simple pretreatment, which overcomes the disadvantage of the traditional methods that require complex pretreatment and time-consuming, and pave the groundwork for expansive development centered around this technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bohan Wang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Lanhua Liu
- School of Ecology and Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
| | - Haopeng Zhang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Kang Chen
- School of Ecology and Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Bo Wu
- School of Ecology and Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Limin Hu
- School of Ecology and Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Xiaohong Zhou
- State Key Joint Laboratory of ESPC, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Lanlan Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
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Ferrara M, Gatti F, Lockington D, Iaria A, Kaye S, Virgili G, Aragona P, Semeraro F, Romano V. Antimicrobials and antiseptics: Lowering effect on ocular surface bacterial flora - A systematic review. Acta Ophthalmol 2024; 102:e215-e228. [PMID: 37427851 DOI: 10.1111/aos.15732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Topical antimicrobials and antiseptics are used perioperatively to reduce the ocular surface bacteria flora (OSBF) that are involved in the development of post-operative infectious complications. However, their effectiveness is still a controversial topic. This systematic review, performed according to the PRISMA guidelines and registered in PROSPERO, aims to provide an overview of the efficacy of the agents currently used in peri-cataract surgery and -intravitreal injections (IVI) in lowering the OSBF. Although effective in lowering OSBF, perioperative topical antimicrobials are associated with the risk of resistance development, with no obvious additional benefit compared with topical antisepsis. Conversely, the effectiveness of topical antiseptics before cataract surgery and IVI is strongly supported. Based on the available evidence, perioperative antimicrobials are not recommended, whereas the perioperative use of antiseptics is strongly recommended as prophylactic treatment for lowering the infection due to OSBF. Post-operative antimicrobials may be considered in eyes at higher risk for infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Francesca Gatti
- Eye Clinic, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- ASST Civil Hospital of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - David Lockington
- Tennent Institute of Ophthalmology, Gartnavel General Hospital, Glasgow, UK
| | - Antonio Iaria
- Eye Clinic, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- ASST Civil Hospital of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Stephen Kaye
- St. Paul's Eye Unit, Department of Corneal Diseases, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Liverpool, UK
- Department of Eye and Vision Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Gianni Virgili
- Eye Clinic, AOU Careggi Teaching Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Pasquale Aragona
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Francesco Semeraro
- Eye Clinic, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- ASST Civil Hospital of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Vito Romano
- Eye Clinic, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- ASST Civil Hospital of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- Department of Eye and Vision Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
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Jain H, Marsool MDM, Abbasi HQ, Sulaiman SA, Safi A, Lathwal Y, Mody S, Jain J, Salian RB, Passey S, Goyal A, Gole S. Association Between Fluoroquinolones and Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events: A Systematic Review. Cardiol Rev 2024:00045415-990000000-00254. [PMID: 38687013 DOI: 10.1097/crd.0000000000000710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Fluoroquinolones (FQs) are routinely administered antibiotics that have demonstrated an increased propensity to cause major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). We conducted a systematic review aimed to investigate the association between FQ usage and the risk of MACE. A comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library from inception to September 2023 to retrieve studies comparing FQ administration with placebo and reporting the occurrence of MACE. Relevant studies that explored the occurrence of MACE, defined as "acute myocardial infarction, stroke, cardiovascular mortality, arrhythmia, or heart failure" with FQ usage were eligible for inclusion. Four studies with a total of 42,808 patients were included. Levofloxacin, moxifloxacin, and gatifloxacin were observed to have an increased propensity to cause MACE, particularly arrhythmias, whereas ciprofloxacin was associated with the lowest risk of causing MACE. Despite the methodological diversity in the included studies, this systematic review uncovered a consistent trend of heightened likelihood of MACE with FQ administration across studies, suggesting that elevated serum concentrations of some FQs may correlate with higher risks of MACE development. This systematic review emphasizes the need for cautious administration of FQs, particularly in patients with a preexisting cardiovascular condition. Routine cardiac monitoring using electrocardiograms is warranted for patients on high doses of FQs to preemptively detect the development of MACE, particularly arrhythmias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hritvik Jain
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Jodhpur, India
| | | | | | - Samia Aziz Sulaiman
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Adnan Safi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Lahore General Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Yashdeep Lathwal
- Department of Internal Medicine, University College of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Shefali Mody
- Department of Internal Medicine, Lokmanya Tilak Municipal Medical College, Mumbai, India
| | - Jyoti Jain
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Jodhpur, India
| | | | - Siddhant Passey
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, CT
| | - Aman Goyal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - Shrey Gole
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University, CA
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Sharma V, Das R, Mehta DK, Sharma D, Aman S, Khan MU. Quinolone scaffolds as potential drug candidates against infectious microbes: a review. Mol Divers 2024:10.1007/s11030-024-10862-4. [PMID: 38683488 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-024-10862-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Prevalence of microbial infections and new rising pathogens are signified as causative agent for variety of serious and lethal health crisis in past years. Despite medical advances, bacterial and fungal infections continue to be a rising problem in the health care system. As more bacteria develop resistance to antibiotics used in therapy, and as more invasive microbial species develop resistance to conventional antimicrobial drugs. Relevant published publications from the last two decades, up to 2024, were systematically retrieved from the MEDLINE/PubMed, SCOPUS, EMBASE, and WOS databases using keywords such as quinolones, anti-infective, antibacterial, antimicrobial resistance and patents on quinolone derivatives. With an approach of considerable interest towards novel heterocyclic derivatives as novel anti-infective agents, researchers have explored these as essential tools in vistas of drug design and development. Among heterocycles, quinolones have been regarded extremely essential for the development of novel derivatives, even able to tackle the associated resistance issues. The quinolone scaffold with its bicyclic structure and specific functional groups such as the carbonyl and acidic groups, is indeed considered a valuable functionalities for further lead generation and optimization in drug discovery. Besides, the substitution at N-1, C-3 and C-7 positions also subjected to be having a significant role in anti-infective potential. In this article, we intend to highlight recent quinolone derivatives based on the SAR approach and anti-infective potential such as antibacterial, antifungal, antimalarial, antitubercular, antitrypanosomal and antiviral activities. Moreover, some recent patents granted on quinolone-containing derivatives as anti-infective agents have also been highlighted in tabular form. Due consideration of this, future research in this scaffold is expected to be useful for aspiring scientists to get pharmacologically significant leads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, MM College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, 133207, India
| | - Rina Das
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, MM College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, 133207, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar Mehta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, MM College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, 133207, India.
| | - Diksha Sharma
- Swami Devidyal College of Pharmacy, Barwala, 134118, India
| | - Shahbaz Aman
- Department of Microbiology, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, 133207, India
| | - M U Khan
- Department of pharmaceutical Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Uniazah, Al Qassim, Saudi Arabia
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Chung CL, Chen CL. Fluoroquinolones upregulate insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3, inhibit cell growth and insulin-like growth factor signaling. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 969:176421. [PMID: 38423242 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Fluoroquinolones (FQs), commonly known for their antibiotic properties, exhibit additional pharmacological potential with anti-proliferative effects on various malignant cell types and immunomodulatory responses. Despite these observed effects, the precise mechanisms of action remain elusive. This study elucidates the biological impact of FQs on insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3 (IGFBP-3) productions in a p53-dependent manner. Cultured cells and mouse models treated with FQs demonstrated increased IGFBP-3 mRNA expression and protein secretion. The FQ-induced IGFBP-3 was identified to impede cell growth by inhibiting IGF-I signaling and exerting effects through an IGF-independent pathway. Notably, FQ-mediated suppression of cell proliferation was reversed in p53-null and p53 knockdown cells, suggesting the pivotal role of p53 in FQ-induced IGFBP-3 production and IGFBP-3-mediated growth inhibition. Additionally, ciprofloxacin, a clinically used FQ, exhibited the induction of tumor cell apoptosis and attenuation of tumor growth in a syngeneic mouse hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) model. These findings unveil a novel mechanism through which FQs act as anti-proliferative agents, prompting further exploration of their potential utility or derivative compounds in cancer treatment and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Ling Chung
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Lin Chen
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan; Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.
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40
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Hu YG, Battini N, Fang B, Zhou CH. Discovery of indolylacryloyl-derived oxacins as novel potential broad-spectrum antibacterial candidates. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 270:116392. [PMID: 38608408 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
The emergence of serious bacterial resistance towards clinical oxacins poses a considerable threat to global public health, necessitating the development of novel structural antibacterial agents. Seven types of novel indolylacryloyl-derived oxacins (IDOs) were designed and synthesized for the first time from commercial 3,4-difluoroaniline via an eight-step procedure. The synthesized compounds were characterized by modern spectroscopic techniques. All target molecules were evaluated for antimicrobial activities. Most of the prepared IDOs showed a broad antibacterial spectrum and strong activities against the tested strains, especially ethoxycarbonyl IDO 10d (0.25-0.5 μg/mL) and hydroxyethyl IDO 10e (0.25-1 μg/mL) exhibited much superior antibacterial efficacies to reference drug norfloxacin. These highly active IDOs also displayed low hemolysis, cytotoxicity and resistance, as well as rapid bactericidal capacity. Further investigations indicated that ethoxycarbonyl IDO 10d and hydroxyethyl IDO 10e could effectively reduce the exopolysaccharide content and eradicate the formed biofilm, which might delay the development of drug resistance. Preliminary exploration of the antibacterial mechanism revealed that active IDOs could not only destroy membrane integrity, resulting in changes in membrane permeability, but also promote the accumulation of reactive oxygen species, leading to the production of malondialdehyde and decreased bacterial metabolism. Moreover, they exhibited the capability to bind with DNA and DNA gyrase, forming supramolecular complexes through various noncovalent interactions, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and causing bacterial death. All the above results suggested that the newly developed indolylacryloyl-derived oxacins should hold great promise as potential multitargeting broad-spectrum antibacterial candidates to overcome drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Gao Hu
- Institute of Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Narsaiah Battini
- Institute of Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Bo Fang
- College of Pharmacy, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Targeted and Innovative Therapeutics, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Kinase Modulators As Innovative Medicine, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing, 402160, China.
| | - Cheng-He Zhou
- Institute of Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
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Collins J, Osheroff N. Gyrase and Topoisomerase IV: Recycling Old Targets for New Antibacterials to Combat Fluoroquinolone Resistance. ACS Infect Dis 2024; 10:1097-1115. [PMID: 38564341 PMCID: PMC11019561 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.4c00128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Beyond their requisite functions in many critical DNA processes, the bacterial type II topoisomerases, gyrase and topoisomerase IV, are the targets of fluoroquinolone antibacterials. These drugs act by stabilizing gyrase/topoisomerase IV-generated DNA strand breaks and by robbing the cell of the catalytic activities of these essential enzymes. Since their clinical approval in the mid-1980s, fluoroquinolones have been used to treat a broad spectrum of infectious diseases and are listed among the five "highest priority" critically important antimicrobial classes by the World Health Organization. Unfortunately, the widespread use of fluoroquinolones has been accompanied by a rise in target-mediated resistance caused by specific mutations in gyrase and topoisomerase IV, which has curtailed the medical efficacy of this drug class. As a result, efforts are underway to identify novel antibacterials that target the bacterial type II topoisomerases. Several new classes of gyrase/topoisomerase IV-targeted antibacterials have emerged, including novel bacterial topoisomerase inhibitors, Mycobacterium tuberculosis gyrase inhibitors, triazaacenaphthylenes, spiropyrimidinetriones, and thiophenes. Phase III clinical trials that utilized two members of these classes, gepotidacin (triazaacenaphthylene) and zoliflodacin (spiropyrimidinetrione), have been completed with positive outcomes, underscoring the potential of these compounds to become the first new classes of antibacterials introduced into the clinic in decades. Because gyrase and topoisomerase IV are validated targets for established and emerging antibacterials, this review will describe the catalytic mechanism and cellular activities of the bacterial type II topoisomerases, their interactions with fluoroquinolones, the mechanism of target-mediated fluoroquinolone resistance, and the actions of novel antibacterials against wild-type and fluoroquinolone-resistant gyrase and topoisomerase IV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica
A. Collins
- Department
of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School
of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Neil Osheroff
- Department
of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School
of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Department
of Medicine (Hematology/Oncology), Vanderbilt
University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
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Jaskulska A, Szymański J, Lipiński PFJ, Modranka J, Janecka AE, Janecki T, Gach-Janczak K. Synthesis And Anticancer Activity Of New Hybrid 3-Methylidene-2,3-Dihydro-1,8-Naphthyridinones. ChemMedChem 2024; 19:e202300519. [PMID: 38126948 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202300519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Synthesis of molecular hybrids, obtained by combination of two or more pharmacophoric groups of different bioactive substances in order to produce more efficient drugs, is now a frequently used approach in medicinal chemistry. Following this strategy, we synthetized a library of 3-methylidene-1-tosyl-2,3-dihydro-1,8-naphthyridin-4(1H)-ones, combining a 1,8-naphthyridin-4-one motif with an exo-methylidene bond conjugated with a carbonyl group, pharmacophoric units that are present in many natural, biologically active compounds with anticancer potential. We reasoned that such bifunctional conjugates may have enhanced cytotoxic activity. The title compounds were synthesized in a four step reaction sequence. β-Ketophosphonate, obtained from methyl N-tosylnicotinate and diethyl methylphosphonate, was reacted with various aldehydes giving 3-diethoxyphosphoryl-2,3-dihydro-1,8-naphthyridin-4(1H)-ones as keto-enol tautomers. Later, these compounds were transformed into 3-methylidene-1-tosyl-2,3-dihydro-1,8-naphthyridin-4(1H)-ones applying the Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons methodology. Then, the cytotoxicity of the new compounds was assessed on two cancer cell lines, promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 and breast cancer adenocarcinoma MCF-7, and for comparison, on human umbilical vein endothelial cells HUVEC. The most active and selective analog, 2-ethyl-3-methylidene-1-tosyl-2,3-dihydro-1,8-naphthyridin-4(1H)-one 4 a was chosen for more detailed studies on HL-60 cell line, to determine molecular mechanisms of its anticancer activity. It was shown that 4 a strongly inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis which could be attributed to its ability to cause DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Jaskulska
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Żeromskiego 116, 90-924, Lodz, Poland
| | - Jacek Szymański
- Research Laboratory CoreLab, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka 6/8, 92-215, Lodz, Poland
| | - Piotr F J Lipiński
- Department of Neuropeptides, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jakub Modranka
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Żeromskiego 116, 90-924, Lodz, Poland
| | - Anna E Janecka
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka 6/8, 92-215, Lodz, Poland
| | - Tomasz Janecki
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Żeromskiego 116, 90-924, Lodz, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Gach-Janczak
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka 6/8, 92-215, Lodz, Poland
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Barberán J, de la Cuerda A, Tejeda González MI, López Aparicio A, Monfort Vinuesa C, Ramos Sánchez A, Barberán LC. Safety of fluoroquinolones. REVISTA ESPANOLA DE QUIMIOTERAPIA : PUBLICACION OFICIAL DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPANOLA DE QUIMIOTERAPIA 2024; 37:127-133. [PMID: 38140798 PMCID: PMC10945095 DOI: 10.37201/req/143.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Fluoroquinolones (FQs) are one of the most commonly prescribed classes of antibiotics. Although they were initially well tolerated in randomized clinical trials, subsequent epidemiological studies have reported an increased risk of threatening, severe, long-lasting, disabling and irreversible adverse effects (AEs), related to neurotoxicity and collagen degradation, such as tendonitis, Achilles tendon rupture, aortic aneurysm, and retinal detachment. This article reviews the main potentially threatening AEs, the alarms issued by regulatory agencies and therapeutic alternatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Barberán
- José Barberán, Hospital Universitario HM Montepríncipe, Facultad HM Hospitales de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Camilo José Cela, Madrid, Spain.
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El-Mernissi R, Khaldan A, Bouamrane S, Rehman HM, Alaqarbeh M, Ajana MA, Lakhlifi T, Bouachrine M. 3D-QSAR, molecular docking, simulation dynamic and ADMET studies on new quinolines derivatives against colorectal carcinoma activity. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024; 42:3682-3699. [PMID: 37227776 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2214233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is the uncontrolled spread of abnormal cells that results in abnormal tissue growth in the affected organ. One of the most important organs is exposed to the growth of colon cancer cells, which start in the large intestine (colon) or the rectum. Several therapeutic protocols were used to treat different kinds of cancer. Recently, several studies have targeted tubulin and microtubules due to their remarkable prefoliation. Also, recent research shows that quinoline compounds have significant efficacy against human colorectal cancer. So, the present work investigated the potential of thirty quinoline compounds as tubulin inhibitors using computational methods. A 3D-QSAR approach using two contours (CoMFA and CoMSIA), molecular docking simulation to determine the binding type of the complexes (ligand-receptor), molecular dynamics simulation and identifying pharmacokinetic characteristics were used to design molecules. For all compounds designed (T1-5), molecular docking was used to compare the stability by type of binding. The ADMET has been utilized for molecules with good stability in molecular docking (T1-3); these compounds have good medicinal characteristics. Furthermore, a molecular dynamics simulation (MD) at 100 ns was performed to confirm the stability of the T1-3 compounds; the molecules (T1-3) remained the most stable throughout the simulation. The compounds T1, T2 and T3 are the best-designed drugs for colorectal carcinoma treatments.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reda El-Mernissi
- Molecular Chemistry and Natural Substances Laboratory, Faculty of Science, University Moulay Ismail, Meknes, Morocco
| | - Ayoub Khaldan
- Molecular Chemistry and Natural Substances Laboratory, Faculty of Science, University Moulay Ismail, Meknes, Morocco
| | - Soukaina Bouamrane
- Molecular Chemistry and Natural Substances Laboratory, Faculty of Science, University Moulay Ismail, Meknes, Morocco
| | | | | | - Mohammed Aziz Ajana
- Molecular Chemistry and Natural Substances Laboratory, Faculty of Science, University Moulay Ismail, Meknes, Morocco
| | - Tahar Lakhlifi
- Molecular Chemistry and Natural Substances Laboratory, Faculty of Science, University Moulay Ismail, Meknes, Morocco
| | - Mohammed Bouachrine
- Molecular Chemistry and Natural Substances Laboratory, Faculty of Science, University Moulay Ismail, Meknes, Morocco
- EST Khenifra, Sultan Moulay Sliman University, Beni mellal, Morocco
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Yudhawati R, Wicaksono NF. Immunomodulatory Effects of Fluoroquinolones in Community-Acquired Pneumonia-Associated Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Biomedicines 2024; 12:761. [PMID: 38672119 PMCID: PMC11048665 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12040761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Community-acquired pneumonia is reported as one of the infectious diseases that leads to the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome. The innate immune system is the first line of defence against microbial invasion; however, its dysregulation during infection, resulting in an increased pathogen load, stimulates the over-secretion of chemokines and pro-inflammatory cytokines. This phenomenon causes damage to the epithelial-endothelial barrier of the pulmonary alveoli and the leakage of the intravascular protein into the alveolar lumen. Fluoroquinolones are synthetic antimicrobial agents with immunomodulatory properties that can inhibit bacterial proliferation as well as exhibit anti-inflammatory activities. It has been demonstrated that the structure of fluoroquinolones, particularly those with a cyclopropyl group, exerts immunomodulatory effects. Its capability to inhibit phosphodiesterase activity leads to the accumulation of intracellular cAMP, which subsequently enhances PKA activity, resulting in the inhibition of transcriptional factor NF-κB and the activation of CREB. Another mechanism reported is the inhibition of TLR and ERK signalling pathways. Although the sequence of events has not been completely understood, significant progress has been made in comprehending the specific mechanisms underlying the immunomodulatory effects of fluoroquinolones. Here, we review the indirect immunomodulatory effects of FQs as an alternative to empirical therapy in patients diagnosed with community-acquired pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Resti Yudhawati
- Department of Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60132, Indonesia
- Department of Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine, Universitas Airlangga Teaching Hospital, Surabaya 60015, Indonesia
- Department of Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine, Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya 60286, Indonesia
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Eshboev F, Mamadalieva N, Nazarov PA, Hussain H, Katanaev V, Egamberdieva D, Azimova S. Antimicrobial Action Mechanisms of Natural Compounds Isolated from Endophytic Microorganisms. Antibiotics (Basel) 2024; 13:271. [PMID: 38534706 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13030271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Infectious diseases are a significant challenge to global healthcare, especially in the face of increasing antibiotic resistance. This urgent issue requires the continuous exploration and development of new antimicrobial drugs. In this regard, the secondary metabolites derived from endophytic microorganisms stand out as promising sources for finding antimicrobials. Endophytic microorganisms, residing within the internal tissues of plants, have demonstrated the capacity to produce diverse bioactive compounds with substantial pharmacological potential. Therefore, numerous new antimicrobial compounds have been isolated from endophytes, particularly from endophytic fungi and actinomycetes. However, only a limited number of these compounds have been subjected to comprehensive studies regarding their mechanisms of action against bacterial cells. Furthermore, the investigation of their effects on antibiotic-resistant bacteria and the identification of biosynthetic gene clusters responsible for synthesizing these secondary metabolites have been conducted for only a subset of these promising compounds. Through a comprehensive analysis of current research findings, this review describes the mechanisms of action of antimicrobial drugs and secondary metabolites isolated from endophytes, antibacterial activities of the natural compounds derived from endophytes against antibiotic-resistant bacteria, and biosynthetic gene clusters of endophytic fungi responsible for the synthesis of bioactive secondary metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farkhod Eshboev
- S. Yu. Yunusov Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan, Mirzo Ulugbek Str. 77, Tashkent 100170, Uzbekistan
- School of Chemical Engineering, New Uzbekistan University, Movarounnahr Street 1, Mirzo Ulugbek District, Tashkent 100000, Uzbekistan
- Institute of Fundamental and Applied Research, National Research University TIIAME, 39 Kori Niyoziy Str., Tashkent 100000, Uzbekistan
- Faculty of Biology, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent 100174, Uzbekistan
| | - Nilufar Mamadalieva
- S. Yu. Yunusov Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan, Mirzo Ulugbek Str. 77, Tashkent 100170, Uzbekistan
- School of Chemical Engineering, New Uzbekistan University, Movarounnahr Street 1, Mirzo Ulugbek District, Tashkent 100000, Uzbekistan
- Institute of Fundamental and Applied Research, National Research University TIIAME, 39 Kori Niyoziy Str., Tashkent 100000, Uzbekistan
| | - Pavel A Nazarov
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1/40 Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Hidayat Hussain
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Weinberg 3, D-06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Vladimir Katanaev
- Translational Research Center in Oncohaematology, Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok 690090, Russia
| | - Dilfuza Egamberdieva
- Institute of Fundamental and Applied Research, National Research University TIIAME, 39 Kori Niyoziy Str., Tashkent 100000, Uzbekistan
- Faculty of Biology, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent 100174, Uzbekistan
| | - Shakhnoz Azimova
- S. Yu. Yunusov Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan, Mirzo Ulugbek Str. 77, Tashkent 100170, Uzbekistan
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Li Z, Li S, Wu Q, Gao X, Zhu L. Physiological responses and removal mechanisms of ciprofloxacin in freshwater microalgae. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 466:133519. [PMID: 38278073 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Antibiotics, such as ciprofloxacin (CIP), are frequently detected in various environmental compartments, posing significant risks to ecosystems and human health. In this study, the physiological responses and elimination mechanisms of CIP in Chlorella sorokiniana and Scenedesmus dimorphus were determined. The exposure CIP had a minimal impact on the growth of microalgae, with maximum inhibit efficiency (IR) of 5.14% and 22.74 for C. sorokiniana and S. dimorphus, respectively. Notably, the photorespiration in S. dimorphus were enhanced. Both microalgae exhibited efficient CIP removal, predominantly through bioaccumulation and biodegradation processes. Intermediates involved in photolysis and biodegradation were analyzed through Liquid Chromatography High Resolution Mass Spectrometer (HPLC-MS/MS), providing insights into degradation pathways of CIP. Upregulation of key enzymes, such as dioxygenase, oxygenase and cytochrome P450, indicated their involvement in the biodegradation of CIP. These findings enhance our understanding of the physiological responses, removal mechanisms, and pathways of CIP in microalgae, facilitating the advancement of microalgae-based wastewater treatment approaches, particularly in antibiotic-contaminated environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Li
- School of Resources & Environmental Science, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, PR China
| | - Shuangxi Li
- School of Resources & Environmental Science, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, PR China
| | - Qirui Wu
- School of Resources & Environmental Science, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, PR China
| | - Xinxin Gao
- School of Resources & Environmental Science, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, PR China
| | - Liandong Zhu
- School of Resources & Environmental Science, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, PR China.
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Yan Q, Zhuang Z, Fan R, Wang J, Yao T, Tan J. Access to N-Aryl (Iso)quinolones via Aryne-Induced Three-Component Coupling Reaction. Org Lett 2024; 26:1840-1844. [PMID: 38412291 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c04385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
N-Aryl (iso)quinolones are of increasing interest in material and medicinal chemistry, although general routes for their provision remain underexplored, especially when compared with its N-alkyl counterparts. Herein, we report a modular and transition-metal-free, aryne-induced three-component coupling protocol that allows the facile synthesis of structurally diverse N-aryl (iso)quinolones from readily accessible halo-(iso)quinolines in the presence of water. Preliminary results highlight the applicability of our method through scale-up synthesis, downstream derivatization, and flexible synthesis involving other types of aryne precursors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Yan
- College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology (BUCT), Beijing 100029, China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Zhe Zhuang
- College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology (BUCT), Beijing 100029, China
| | - Rong Fan
- College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology (BUCT), Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jingwen Wang
- College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology (BUCT), Beijing 100029, China
| | - Tuanli Yao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Jiajing Tan
- College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology (BUCT), Beijing 100029, China
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Islam S, Shahzad SA, Ismail T, Sherani UAS, Khan KM, Fatima N, Khan SA, Mannan A. Exploring the antimicrobial and cytotoxic potential of novel chloroquine analogues. Future Med Chem 2024; 16:737-749. [PMID: 38456272 PMCID: PMC11221543 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2023-0343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim: To synthesize novel chloroquine analogues and evaluate them for antimicrobial and cytotoxic potential. Methods: Novel analogues were synthesized from chloroquine by nucleophilic substitution reaction at the 4-amino position. Results: Analogue CS1 showed maximum antimicrobial potential (30.3 ± 0.15 mm zone) against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and produced a 19.2 ± 0.21 mm zone against Candida albicans, while CS0 produced no zone at the same concentration. Analogue CS9 has excellent cytotoxic potential (HeLa cell line), showing 100% inhibition (IC50 = 8.9 ± 1.2 μg/ml), compared with CS0 (61.9% inhibition at 30 μg/ml). Conclusion: These synthesized chloroquine analogues have excellent activity against different microbial strains and cervical cancer cell lines (HeLa) compared with their parent molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamsul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan
| | - Sohail A Shahzad
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan
| | - Tariq Ismail
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan
| | - Usman AS Sherani
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan
| | - Kashif M Khan
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Nighat Fatima
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan
| | - Shujaat A Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Mannan
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan
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50
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Shen L, Gao L, Swoboda AR, Ouellette SP. Targeted repression of topA by CRISPRi reveals a critical function for balanced DNA topoisomerase I activity in the Chlamydia trachomatis developmental cycle. mBio 2024; 15:e0258423. [PMID: 38265209 PMCID: PMC10865786 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.02584-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Chlamydia trachomatis is an obligate intracellular bacterium that is responsible for the most prevalent bacterial sexually transmitted infection. Changes in DNA topology in this pathogen have been linked to its pathogenicity-associated developmental cycle. Here, evidence is provided that the balanced activity of DNA topoisomerases contributes to controlling Chlamydia developmental processes. Utilizing catalytically inactivated Cas12 (dCas12)-based clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats interference (CRISPRi) technology, we demonstrate targeted knockdown of chromosomal topA transcription in C. trachomatis without detected toxicity of dCas12. Repression of topA impaired the developmental cycle of C. trachomatis mostly through disruption of its differentiation from a replicative form to an infectious form. Consistent with this, expression of late developmental genes of C. trachomatis was downregulated, while early genes maintained their expression. Importantly, the developmental defect associated with topA knockdown was rescued by overexpressing topA at an appropriate degree and time, directly linking the growth patterns to the levels of topA expression. Interestingly, topA knockdown had effects on DNA gyrase expression, indicating a potential compensatory mechanism for survival to offset TopA deficiency. C. trachomatis with topA knocked down displayed hypersensitivity to moxifloxacin that targets DNA gyrase in comparison with the wild type. These data underscore the requirement of integrated topoisomerase actions to support the essential developmental and transcriptional processes of C. trachomatis.IMPORTANCEWe used genetic and chemical tools to demonstrate the relationship of topoisomerase activities and their obligatory role for the chlamydial developmental cycle. Successfully targeting the essential gene topA with a CRISPRi approach, using dCas12, in C. trachomatis indicates that this method will facilitate the characterization of the essential genome. These findings have an important impact on our understanding of the mechanisms by which well-balanced topoisomerase functions in adaptation of C. trachomatis to unfavorable growth conditions imposed by antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Shen
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Leiqiong Gao
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Abigail R. Swoboda
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Scot P. Ouellette
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
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