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Shou K, Zhang Y, Ji Y, Liu B, Zhou Q, Tan Q, Li F, Wang X, Lu G, Xiao G. Highly stereoselective α-glycosylation with GalN 3 donors enabled collective synthesis of mucin-related tumor associated carbohydrate antigens. Chem Sci 2024; 15:6552-6561. [PMID: 38699257 PMCID: PMC11062124 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc01348d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Mucin-related tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens (TACAs) are important and interesting targets for cancer vaccine therapy. However, efficient access to a library of mucin-related TACAs remains a challenging task. One of the key issues is the challenging construction of α-GalNAc linkages. Here, we report highly stereoselective α-glycosylation with GalN3N-phenyl trifluoroacetimidate donors, which features excellent yields, outstanding stereoselectivities, broad substrate scope and mild reaction conditions. This method is successfully applied to highly stereoselective synthesis of GalN3-α-O-Ser, which served as the common intermediate for collective synthesis of a wide range of TACAs including TN antigen, STN antigen, 2,6 STF antigen, 2,3 STF antigen, glycophorin and cores 1-8 mucin-type O-glycans. In particular, the rationale for this highly stereoselective α-glycosylation is provided for the first time using DFT calculations and mechanistic studies, highlighting the crucial roles of reagent combinations (TMSI and Ph3PO) and the H-bonding directing effect of the N3 group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunxiu Shou
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Natural Medicines, Kunming Institute of Botany, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences 132 Lanhei Road Kunming 650201 China
| | - Yunqin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Natural Medicines, Kunming Institute of Botany, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences 132 Lanhei Road Kunming 650201 China
| | - Yujie Ji
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University Jinan Shandong 250100 China
| | - Bin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Natural Medicines, Kunming Institute of Botany, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences 132 Lanhei Road Kunming 650201 China
| | - Qingli Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Natural Medicines, Kunming Institute of Botany, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences 132 Lanhei Road Kunming 650201 China
| | - Qiang Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Natural Medicines, Kunming Institute of Botany, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences 132 Lanhei Road Kunming 650201 China
| | - Fuying Li
- Department of Chemistry, Kunming University 2 Puxing Road Kunming 650214 China
| | - Xiufang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Kunming University 2 Puxing Road Kunming 650214 China
| | - Gang Lu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University Jinan Shandong 250100 China
| | - Guozhi Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Natural Medicines, Kunming Institute of Botany, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences 132 Lanhei Road Kunming 650201 China
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2
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Hulbert SW, Desai P, Jewett MC, DeLisa MP, Williams AJ. Glycovaccinology: The design and engineering of carbohydrate-based vaccine components. Biotechnol Adv 2023; 68:108234. [PMID: 37558188 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Vaccines remain one of the most important pillars in preventative medicine, providing protection against a wide array of diseases by inducing humoral and/or cellular immunity. Of the many possible candidate antigens for subunit vaccine development, carbohydrates are particularly appealing because of their ubiquitous presence on the surface of all living cells, viruses, and parasites as well as their known interactions with both innate and adaptive immune cells. Indeed, several licensed vaccines leverage bacterial cell-surface carbohydrates as antigens for inducing antigen-specific plasma cells secreting protective antibodies and the development of memory T and B cells. Carbohydrates have also garnered attention in other aspects of vaccine development, for example, as adjuvants that enhance the immune response by either activating innate immune responses or targeting specific immune cells. Additionally, carbohydrates can function as immunomodulators that dampen undesired humoral immune responses to entire protein antigens or specific, conserved regions on antigenic proteins. In this review, we highlight how the interplay between carbohydrates and the adaptive and innate arms of the immune response is guiding the development of glycans as vaccine components that act as antigens, adjuvants, and immunomodulators. We also discuss how advances in the field of synthetic glycobiology are enabling the design, engineering, and production of this new generation of carbohydrate-containing vaccine formulations with the potential to prevent infectious diseases, malignancies, and complex immune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia W Hulbert
- Biochemistry, Molecular and Cell Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Primit Desai
- Biochemistry, Molecular and Cell Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Michael C Jewett
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Matthew P DeLisa
- Biochemistry, Molecular and Cell Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; Robert F. Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; Cornell Institute of Biotechnology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
| | - Asher J Williams
- Robert F. Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.
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3
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Chen F, Huang Y, Huang Z, Jiang T, Yang Z, Zeng J, Jin A, Zuo H, Huang CZ, Mao C. DNA-scaffolded multivalent vaccine against SARS-CoV-2. Acta Biomater 2023; 164:387-396. [PMID: 37088158 PMCID: PMC10122553 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Short peptides are poor immunogens. One way to increase their immune responses is by arraying immunogens in multivalency. Simple and efficient scaffolds for spatial controlling the inter-antigen distance and enhancing immune activation are required. Here, we report a molecular vaccine design principle that maximally drives potent SARS-CoV-2 RBD subunit vaccine on DNA duplex to induce robust and efficacious immune responses in vivo. We expect that the DNA-peptide epitope platform represents a facile and generalizable strategy to enhance the immune response. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: DNA scaffolds offer a biocompatible and convenient platform for arraying immunogens in multivalency antigenic peptides, and spatially control the inter-antigen distance. This can effectively enhance immune response. Peptide (instead of entire protein) vaccines are highly attractive. However, short peptides are poor immunogens. Our DNA scaffolded multivalent peptide immunogen system induced robust and efficacious immune response in vivo as demonstrated by the antigenic peptide against SAR-CoV-2. The present strategy could be readily generalized and adapted to prepare multivalent vaccines against other viruses or disease. Particularly, the different antigens could be integrated into one single vaccine and lead to super-vaccines that can protect the host from multiple different viruses or multiple variants of the same virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yuhan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Zhengyu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Tingting Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Zailin Yang
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Jie Zeng
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Aishun Jin
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hua Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Cheng Zhi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Chengde Mao
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette 47907, IN, USA.
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4
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Goyard D, Ortiz AMS, Boturyn D, Renaudet O. Multivalent glycocyclopeptides: conjugation methods and biological applications. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:8756-8783. [PMID: 36193815 PMCID: PMC9575389 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00640e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Click chemistry was extensively used to decorate synthetic multivalent scaffolds with glycans to mimic the cell surface glycocalyx and to develop applications in glycosciences. Conjugation methods such as oxime ligation, copper(I)-catalyzed alkyne-azide cycloaddition, thiol-ene coupling, squaramide coupling or Lansbury aspartylation proved particularly suitable to achieve this purpose. This review summarizes the synthetic strategies that can be used either in a stepwise manner or in an orthogonal one-pot approach, to conjugate multiple copies of identical or different glycans to cyclopeptide scaffolds (namely multivalent glycocyclopeptides) having different size, valency, geometry and molecular composition. The second part of this review will describe the potential of these structures to interact with various carbohydrate binding proteins or to stimulate immunity against tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Goyard
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DCM UMR 5250, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
| | | | - Didier Boturyn
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DCM UMR 5250, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
| | - Olivier Renaudet
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DCM UMR 5250, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
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5
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Dolan JP, Machin DC, Dedola S, Field RA, Webb ME, Turnbull WB. Synthesis of cholera toxin B subunit glycoconjugates using site-specific orthogonal oxime and sortase ligation reactions. Front Chem 2022; 10:958272. [PMID: 36186584 PMCID: PMC9515619 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.958272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The chemoenzymatic synthesis of a series of dual N- and C-terminal-functionalized cholera toxin B subunit (CTB) glycoconjugates is described. Mucin 1 peptides bearing different levels of Tn antigen glycosylation [MUC1(Tn)] were prepared via solid-phase peptide synthesis. Using sortase-mediated ligation, the MUC1(Tn) epitopes were conjugated to the C-terminus of CTB in a well-defined manner allowing for high-density display of the MUC1(Tn) epitopes. This work explores the challenges of using sortase-mediated ligation in combination with glycopeptides and the practical considerations to obtain high levels of conjugation. Furthermore, we describe methods to combine two orthogonal labeling methodologies, oxime- and sortase-mediated ligation, to expand the biochemical toolkit and produce dual N- and C-terminal-labeled conjugates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan P. Dolan
- School of Chemistry and Astbury Centre of Structural Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Darren C. Machin
- School of Chemistry and Astbury Centre of Structural Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | | | - Robert A. Field
- Iceni Glycoscience Ltd., Norwich, United Kingdom
- Department of Chemistry and Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Michael E. Webb
- School of Chemistry and Astbury Centre of Structural Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - W. Bruce Turnbull
- School of Chemistry and Astbury Centre of Structural Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
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6
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Sorieul C, Papi F, Carboni F, Pecetta S, Phogat S, Adamo R. Recent advances and future perspectives on carbohydrate-based cancer vaccines and therapeutics. Pharmacol Ther 2022; 235:108158. [PMID: 35183590 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Carbohydrates are abundantly expressed on the surface of both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells, often as post translational modifications of proteins. Glycoproteins are recognized by the immune system and can trigger both innate and humoral responses. This feature has been harnessed to generate vaccines against polysaccharide-encapsulated bacteria such as Streptococcus pneumoniae, Hemophilus influenzae type b and Neisseria meningitidis. In cancer, glycosylation plays a pivotal role in malignancy development and progression. Since glycans are specifically expressed on the surface of tumor cells, they have been targeted for the discovery of anticancer preventive and therapeutic treatments, such as vaccines and monoclonal antibodies. Despite the various efforts made over the last years, resulting in a series of clinical studies, attempts of vaccination with carbohydrate-based candidates have proven unsuccessful, primarily due to the immune tolerance often associated with these glycans. New strategies are thus deployed to enhance carbohydrate-based cancer vaccines. Moreover, lessons learned from glycan immunobiology paved the way to the development of new monoclonal antibodies specifically designed to recognize cancer-bound carbohydrates and induce tumor cell killing. Herein we provide an overview of the immunological principles behind the immune response towards glycans and glycoconjugates and the approaches exploited at both preclinical and clinical level to target cancer-associated glycans for the development of vaccines and therapeutic monoclonal antibodies. We also discuss gaps and opportunities to successfully advance glycan-directed cancer therapies, which could provide patients with innovative and effective treatments.
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7
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Chang TC, Manabe Y, Ito K, Yamamoto R, Kabayama K, Ohshima S, Kametani Y, Fujimoto Y, Lin CC, Fukase K. Precise immunological evaluation rationalizes the design of a self-adjuvanting vaccine composed of glycan antigen, TLR1/2 ligand, and T-helper cell epitope. RSC Adv 2022; 12:18985-18993. [PMID: 35873332 PMCID: PMC9241363 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra03286d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Sialyl-Tn (STn), overexpressed on various tumors, has been investigated for its application in anti-cancer vaccine therapy. However, Theratope, an STn-based vaccine, failed in the phase III clinical trial due to poor immunogenicity and epitope suppression by the foreign carrier protein. We therefore developed a self-adjuvanting STn based-vaccine, a conjugate of clustered STn (triSTn) antigen, TLR1/2 ligand (Pam3CSK4), and T-helper (Th) cell epitope, and found that this three-component self-adjuvanting vaccine effectively resulted in the production of anti-triSTn IgG antibodies. We herein analyzed immune responses induced by this self-adjuvanting vaccine in detail. We newly synthesized two-component vaccines, i.e., Pam3CSK4- or Th epitope-conjugated triSTn, as references to evaluate the immune-stimulating functions of Pam3CSK4 and Th epitope. Immunological evaluation of the synthesized vaccine candidates revealed that Pam3CSK4 was essential for antibody production, indicating that the uptake of triSTn antigen by antigen-presenting cells (APCs) was promoted by the recognition of Pam3CSK4 by TLR1/2. The function of the Th epitope was also confirmed. Th cell activation was important for boosting antibody production and IgG subclass switching. Furthermore, flow cytometric analyses of immune cells, including T cells, B cells, dendritic cells, and other monocytes, were first employed in the evaluation of self-adjuvanting vaccines and revealed that the three-component vaccine was able to induce antigen-specific immune responses for efficient antibody production without excessive inflammatory responses. Importantly, the co-administration of Freund's adjuvants was suggested to cause excessive myeloid cell accumulation and decreased plasma cell differentiation. These results demonstrate that vaccines can be designed to achieve the desired immune responses via the bottom-up construction of each immune element.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsung-Che Chang
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University 1-1 Machikaneyama Toyonaka Osaka 560-0043 Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Manabe
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University 1-1 Machikaneyama Toyonaka Osaka 560-0043 Japan
- Forefront Research Center, Osaka University 1-1 Machikaneyama Toyonaka Osaka 560-0043 Japan
| | - Keita Ito
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University 1-1 Machikaneyama Toyonaka Osaka 560-0043 Japan
| | - Ryuku Yamamoto
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University 1-1 Machikaneyama Toyonaka Osaka 560-0043 Japan
| | - Kazuya Kabayama
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University 1-1 Machikaneyama Toyonaka Osaka 560-0043 Japan
- Forefront Research Center, Osaka University 1-1 Machikaneyama Toyonaka Osaka 560-0043 Japan
| | - Shino Ohshima
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, Tokai University 143 Shimokasuya Isehara-shi Kanagawa 259-1193 Japan
| | - Yoshie Kametani
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, Tokai University 143 Shimokasuya Isehara-shi Kanagawa 259-1193 Japan
| | - Yukari Fujimoto
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku Yokohama Kanagawa 223-8522 Japan
| | - Chun-Cheng Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University 101 Sec. 2, Kuang Fu Rd. Hsinchu 30013 Taiwan
| | - Koichi Fukase
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University 1-1 Machikaneyama Toyonaka Osaka 560-0043 Japan
- Forefront Research Center, Osaka University 1-1 Machikaneyama Toyonaka Osaka 560-0043 Japan
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8
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Fuentes R, Aguinagalde L, Pifferi C, Plata A, Sacristán N, Castellana D, Anguita J, Fernández-Tejada A. Novel Oxime-Derivatized Synthetic Triterpene Glycosides as Potent Saponin Vaccine Adjuvants. Front Immunol 2022; 13:865507. [PMID: 35603193 PMCID: PMC9121768 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.865507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccine adjuvants are key for optimal vaccine efficacy, increasing the immunogenicity of the antigen and potentiating the immune response. Saponin adjuvants such as the carbohydrate-based QS-21 natural product are among the most promising candidates in vaccine formulations, but suffer from inherent drawbacks that have hampered their use and approval as stand-alone adjuvants. Despite the recent development of synthetic derivatives with improved properties, their full potential has not yet been reached, allowing the prospect of discovering further optimized saponin variants with higher potency. Herein, we have designed, chemically synthesized, and immunologically evaluated novel oxime-derivatized saponin adjuvants with targeted structural modifications at key triterpene functionalities. The resulting analogues have revealed important findings into saponin structure-activity relationships, including adjuvant mechanistic insights, and have shown superior adjuvant activity in terms of significantly increased antibody response augmentation compared to our previous saponin leads. These newly identified saponin oximes emerge as highly promising synthetic adjuvants for further preclinical development towards potential next generation immunotherapeutics for future vaccine applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Fuentes
- Chemical Immunology Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance BRTA, Derio, Spain
| | - Leire Aguinagalde
- Chemical Immunology Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance BRTA, Derio, Spain
| | - Carlo Pifferi
- Chemical Immunology Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance BRTA, Derio, Spain
| | - Adrián Plata
- Chemical Immunology Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance BRTA, Derio, Spain
| | - Nagore Sacristán
- Chemical Immunology Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance BRTA, Derio, Spain
| | - Donatello Castellana
- Research and Development, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance BRTA, Derio, Spain
| | - Juan Anguita
- Inflammation and Macrophage Plasticity Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance BRTA, Derio, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Alberto Fernández-Tejada
- Chemical Immunology Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance BRTA, Derio, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
- *Correspondence: Alberto Fernández-Tejada,
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9
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Palladino P, Papi F, Minunni M, Nativi C, Scarano S. Structurally Constrained MUC1-Tn Mimetic Antigen as Template for Molecularly Imprinted Polymers (MIPs): A Promising Tool for Cancer Diagnostics. Chempluschem 2022; 87:e202200068. [PMID: 35502851 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202200068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Abnormal glycoconjugates have distinctly been recognized as potential biomarkers for cancer diagnosis. A great deal of attention has been focused on Tn antigen, an oversimplified mucin-1 O-glycan, over-expressed in different cancers. Herein, we investigate the possibility to replace the use of anti-Tn monoclonal antibodies with an innovative class of catecholamine-based Molecularly Imprinted Polymers (MIPs), emerging in recent years as promising tools for bioanalytical applications. MIPs are synthetic receptors characterized by high sensitivity and specificity towards the imprinted target. Here, original polynorepinephrine-based MIPs coupled to Surface Plasmon Resonance biosensing for Tn antigen recognition are reported. We have verified the imprinting and binding capacity of these MIPs towards very small antigenic entities, represented by the natural Tn antigen and the TnThr mimetic 1 (conjugated to BSA or linked to a MUC1 hexapeptide analogue), and compared the biosensor performances with an anti-Tn monoclonal antibody. The results clearly display the effectiveness of the pursued imprinting strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasquale Palladino
- Department of Chemistry, DICUS, University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019, Sesto F.no (FI), Italy
| | - Francesco Papi
- Department of Chemistry, DICUS, University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019, Sesto F.no (FI), Italy
| | - Maria Minunni
- Department of Chemistry, DICUS, University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019, Sesto F.no (FI), Italy
| | - Cristina Nativi
- Department of Chemistry, DICUS, University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019, Sesto F.no (FI), Italy
| | - Simona Scarano
- Department of Chemistry, DICUS, University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019, Sesto F.no (FI), Italy
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10
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Barchi JJ. Glycoconjugate Nanoparticle-Based Systems in Cancer Immunotherapy: Novel Designs and Recent Updates. Front Immunol 2022; 13:852147. [PMID: 35432351 PMCID: PMC9006936 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.852147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
For many years, cell-surface glycans (in particular, Tumor-Associated Carbohydrate Antigens, TACAs) have been the target of both passive and active anticancer immunotherapeutic design. Recent advances in immunotherapy as a treatment for a variety of malignancies has revolutionized anti-tumor treatment regimens. Checkpoint inhibitors, Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cells, Oncolytic virus therapy, monoclonal antibodies and vaccines have been developed and many approvals have led to remarkable outcomes in a subset of patients. However, many of these therapies are very selective for specific patient populations and hence the search for improved therapeutics and refinement of techniques for delivery are ongoing and fervent research areas. Most of these agents are directed at protein/peptide epitopes, but glycans-based targets are gaining in popularity, and a handful of approved immunotherapies owe their activity to oligosaccharide targets. In addition, nanotechnology and nanoparticle-derived systems can help improve the delivery of these agents to specific organs and cell types based on tumor-selective approaches. This review will first outline some of the historical beginnings of this research area and subsequently concentrate on the last 5 years of work. Based on the progress in therapeutic design, predictions can be made as to what the future holds for increasing the percentage of positive patient outcomes for optimized systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph J. Barchi
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD, United States
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11
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Berois N, Pittini A, Osinaga E. Targeting Tumor Glycans for Cancer Therapy: Successes, Limitations, and Perspectives. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14030645. [PMID: 35158915 PMCID: PMC8833780 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Aberrant glycosylation is a common feature of many cancers, and it plays crucial roles in tumor development and biology. Cancer progression can be regulated by several physiopathological processes controlled by glycosylation, such as cell–cell adhesion, cell–matrix interaction, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, tumor proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. Different mechanisms of aberrant glycosylation lead to the formation of tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens (TACAs), which are suitable for selective cancer targeting, as well as novel antitumor immunotherapy approaches. This review summarizes the strategies developed in cancer immunotherapy targeting TACAs, analyzing molecular and cellular mechanisms and state-of-the-art methods in clinical oncology. Abstract Aberrant glycosylation is a hallmark of cancer and can lead to changes that influence tumor behavior. Glycans can serve as a source of novel clinical biomarker developments, providing a set of specific targets for therapeutic intervention. Different mechanisms of aberrant glycosylation lead to the formation of tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens (TACAs) suitable for selective cancer-targeting therapy. The best characterized TACAs are truncated O-glycans (Tn, TF, and sialyl-Tn antigens), gangliosides (GD2, GD3, GM2, GM3, fucosyl-GM1), globo-serie glycans (Globo-H, SSEA-3, SSEA-4), Lewis antigens, and polysialic acid. In this review, we analyze strategies for cancer immunotherapy targeting TACAs, including different antibody developments, the production of vaccines, and the generation of CAR-T cells. Some approaches have been approved for clinical use, such as anti-GD2 antibodies. Moreover, in terms of the antitumor mechanisms against different TACAs, we show results of selected clinical trials, considering the horizons that have opened up as a result of recent developments in technologies used for cancer control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Berois
- Laboratorio de Glicobiología e Inmunología Tumoral, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay;
- Correspondence: (N.B.); (E.O.)
| | - Alvaro Pittini
- Laboratorio de Glicobiología e Inmunología Tumoral, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay;
- Departamento de Inmunobiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
| | - Eduardo Osinaga
- Laboratorio de Glicobiología e Inmunología Tumoral, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay;
- Departamento de Inmunobiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
- Correspondence: (N.B.); (E.O.)
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12
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Goyard D, Roubinet B, Vena F, Landemarre L, Renaudet O. Homo- and Heterovalent Neoglycoproteins as Ligands for Bacterial Lectins. Chempluschem 2021; 87:e202100481. [PMID: 34931469 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202100481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Click chemistry gives access to unlimited set of multivalent glycoconjugates to explore carbohydrate-protein interactions and discover high affinity ligands. In this study, we have created supramolecular systems based on a carrier protein that was grafted by Cu(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition with tetravalent glycodendrons presenting αGal, βGal and/or αFuc. Binding studies of the homo- (4 a-c) and heterovalent (5) neoglycoproteins (neoGPs) with the LecA and LecB lectins from P. aeruginosa has first confirmed the interest of the multivalent presentation of glycodendrons by the carrier protein (IC50 up to 2.8 nM). Moreover, these studies have shown that the heterovalent display of glycans (5) allows the interaction with both lectins (IC50 of 10 nM) despite the presence of unspecific moieties, and even with similar efficiency for LecB. These results demonstrate the potential of multivalent and multispecific neoGPs as a promising strategy to fight against resistant pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Goyard
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DCM UMR 5250, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | | | | | | | - Olivier Renaudet
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DCM UMR 5250, 38000, Grenoble, France
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13
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Fuentes R, Aguinagalde L, Sacristán N, Fernández-Tejada A. Design, synthesis, and initial immunological evaluation of glycoconjugates based on saponin adjuvants and the Tn antigen. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:11382-11385. [PMID: 34647563 PMCID: PMC8552335 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc04459a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
We report the first synthesis and immunological evaluation of a new glycoconjugate design based on streamlined saponin adjuvants and the Tn carbohydrate antigen. While the novel synthetic constructs induced moderate antibody responses in mice, the versatile chemical platform is amenable to further structure-activity optimizations for the development of self-adjuvanting glycoconjugate cancer vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Fuentes
- Chemical Immunology Laboratory, CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 48160 Derio, Spain.
| | - Leire Aguinagalde
- Chemical Immunology Laboratory, CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 48160 Derio, Spain.
| | - Nagore Sacristán
- Chemical Immunology Laboratory, CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 48160 Derio, Spain.
| | - Alberto Fernández-Tejada
- Chemical Immunology Laboratory, CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 48160 Derio, Spain.
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Euskadi Plaza 5, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
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14
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Das R, Mukhopadhyay B. A brief insight to the role of glyconanotechnology in modern day diagnostics and therapeutics. Carbohydr Res 2021; 507:108394. [PMID: 34265516 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2021.108394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Carbohydrate-protein and carbohydrate-carbohydrate interactions are very important for various biological processes. Although the magnitude of these interactions is low compared to that of protein-protein interaction, the magnitude can be boosted by multivalent approach known as glycocluster effect. Nanoparticle platform is one of the best ways to present diverse glycoforms in multivalent manner and thus, the field of glyconanotechnology has emerged as an important field of research considering their potential applications in diagnostics and therapeutics. Considerable advances in the field have been achieved through development of novel techniques, use of diverse metallic and non-metallic cores for better efficacy and application of ever-increasing number of carbohydrate ligands for site-specific interaction. The present review encompasses the recent developments in the area of glyconanotechnology and their future promise as diagnostic and therapeutic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rituparna Das
- Sweet Lab, Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, Nadia, 741246, India.
| | - Balaram Mukhopadhyay
- Sweet Lab, Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, Nadia, 741246, India.
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15
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Asín A, García-Martín F, Busto JH, Avenoza A, Peregrina JM, Corzana F. Structure-based Design of Anti-cancer Vaccines: The Significance of Antigen Presentation to Boost the Immune Response. Curr Med Chem 2021; 29:1258-1270. [PMID: 34375180 DOI: 10.2174/0929867328666210810152917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Immunotherapy, alone or in combination with other therapies, is widely used against cancer. Glycoprotein Mucin 1 (MUC1), which is overexpressed and aberrantly glycosylated in tumor cells, is one of the most promising candidates to engineer new cancer vaccines. In this context, the development of stable antigens that can elicit a robust immune response is mandatory. Here, we describe the design and in vivo biological evaluation of three vaccine candidates based on MUC1 glycopeptides that comprise unnatural elements in their structure. By placing the Tn antigen (GalNAcα-O-Ser/Thr) at the center of the design, the chemical modifications include changes to the peptide backbone, glycosidic linkage, and at the carbohydrate level. Significantly, the three vaccines elicit robust immune responses in mice and produce antibodies that can be recognized by several human cancer cells. In all cases, a link was stablished between the conformational changes induced by the new elements in the antigen presentation and the immune response induced in mice. According to our data, the development of effective MUC1-based vaccines should use surrogates that mimic the conformational space of aberrantly glycosylated MUC1 glycopeptides found in tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Asín
- Departamento de Química. Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química. Universidad de La Rioja. 26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - Fayna García-Martín
- Departamento de Química. Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química. Universidad de La Rioja. 26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - Jesús Hector Busto
- Departamento de Química. Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química. Universidad de La Rioja. 26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - Alberto Avenoza
- Departamento de Química. Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química. Universidad de La Rioja. 26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - Jesús Manuel Peregrina
- Departamento de Química. Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química. Universidad de La Rioja. 26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - Francisco Corzana
- Departamento de Química. Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química. Universidad de La Rioja. 26006 Logroño, Spain
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Todaro B, Achilli S, Liet B, Laigre E, Tiertant C, Goyard D, Berthet N, Renaudet O. Structural influence of antibody recruiting glycodendrimers (ARGs) on antitumoral cytotoxicity. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:4076-4085. [PMID: 33913968 DOI: 10.1039/d1bm00485a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The recruitment of endogenous antibodies against cancer cells has become a reliable antitumoral immunotherapeutic alternative over the last decade. The covalent attachment of antibody and tumor binding modules (ABM and TBM) within a single, well-defined synthetic molecule was indeed demonstrated to promote the formation of an interacting ternary complex between both the antibodies and the targeted cell, which usually results in the simultaneous immune-mediated cellular destruction. In a preliminary study, we have described the first Antibody Recruiting Glycodendrimers (ARGs), combining cRGD as ligands for the αVβ3-expressing melanoma cell line M21 and Rha as ligand for natural IgM, and demonstrated that multivalency is an essential requirement to form this complex. In the present study, we synthesized a new series of ARGs composed of ABMs, i.e. self-condensed rhamnosylated cyclopeptide and polylysine dendrimer, which have been conjugated to the TBM with or without spacer. Flow cytometry and confocal microscopy experiments with human serum and different cell lines revealed that the ABM geometry significantly influences the ternary complex formation in M21, whereas no significant binding occurs in BT 549 having low integrin expression. In addition, we demonstrate with a cellular viability assay that ARGs induce high level of cytotoxicity against M21 which is also in close correlation with the ABM structure. In particular, we have shown that ARG combining cyclopeptide core and branches, with or without spacer, induce 40-57% of selective cytotoxicity against M21 cells in the presence of human serum as the unique source of immunity effectors. Finally, we also highlight that the spacer between ABM and TBM enables an increase of the immune-mediate cytotoxicity even with ABM of lower valency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biagio Todaro
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DCM UMR 5250, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
| | - Silvia Achilli
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DCM UMR 5250, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
| | - Benjamin Liet
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DCM UMR 5250, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
| | - Eugénie Laigre
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DCM UMR 5250, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
| | - Claire Tiertant
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DCM UMR 5250, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
| | - David Goyard
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DCM UMR 5250, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
| | - Nathalie Berthet
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DCM UMR 5250, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
| | - Olivier Renaudet
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DCM UMR 5250, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
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Kurfiřt M, Lucie ČŠ, Cuřínová P, Hamala V, Karban J. Development of α-Selective Glycosylation for the Synthesis of Deoxyfluorinated TN Antigen Analogues. J Org Chem 2021; 86:5073-5090. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c03015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Kurfiřt
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the CAS, v. v. i., Rozvojová 135, 16502 Praha 6, Czech Republic
- University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 16628 Praha 6, Czech Republic
| | - Červenková Št’astná Lucie
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the CAS, v. v. i., Rozvojová 135, 16502 Praha 6, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Cuřínová
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the CAS, v. v. i., Rozvojová 135, 16502 Praha 6, Czech Republic
| | - Vojtěch Hamala
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the CAS, v. v. i., Rozvojová 135, 16502 Praha 6, Czech Republic
- University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 16628 Praha 6, Czech Republic
| | - Jindřich Karban
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the CAS, v. v. i., Rozvojová 135, 16502 Praha 6, Czech Republic
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