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Santos AA, Duarte R, Duarte M, Arella F, Marques V, Roos S, Rodrigues CMP. Impact of Lactobacillaceae supplementation on the multi-organ axis during MASLD. Life Sci 2024; 354:122948. [PMID: 39117140 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
The gut-liver axis plays a pivotal role in maintaining body homeostasis. Disruption of the gut-liver axis is linked to a multitude of diseases, including metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Probiotic strains from the Lactobacillaceae family are commonly used to mitigate experimental MASLD. Over the years, numerous studies have demonstrated the efficacy of these probiotics, often focusing on the outcome of liver disease. This review aims to further understand MASLD as a systemic metabolic dysfunction and to highlight the effects of probiotics on multi-organ axis, including organs such as the gastrointestinal tract, pancreas, muscle, adipose tissue, and the immune system. We specifically discuss evidence on how supplementation with Lactobacillaceae strains may alleviate MASLD by not only restoring liver health but also by modulating the physiology of other organ systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- André A Santos
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Raquel Duarte
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Madalena Duarte
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Fabiola Arella
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Vanda Marques
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Stefan Roos
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Sweden
| | - Cecília M P Rodrigues
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
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2
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Chen M, Pan P, Zhang H, Li R, Ren D, Jiang B. Latilactobacillus sakei QC9 alleviates hyperglycaemia in high-fat diet and streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetes mellitus mice via the microbiota-gut-liver axis. Food Funct 2024; 15:8008-8029. [PMID: 38984868 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo02316a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Probiotics have been considered a promising option for mitigating the progression of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Here, Latilactobacillus sakei QC9 (L. sakei QC9) with a hypoglycemic effect was screened out from 30 food-derived strains through α-glucosidase and α-amylase activity inhibition tests in vitro and a 4-week in vivo preliminary animal experiment. To further understand its alleviating effect on long-term hyperglycaemia occurring in T2DM, we conducted an experiment that lasted for 8 weeks. The results showed that taking L. sakei QC9 can regulate glucose and lipid metabolism while improving the antioxidant capacity and alleviating chronic inflammation. In addition, our results demonstrated that L. sakei QC9 may mediate the microbiota-gut-liver axis by regulating the composition of intestinal flora (increasing the abundance of butyrate-producing bacteria) and increasing the content of short-chain fatty acids (especially butyrate), affecting the PI3K/Akt signalling pathway in the liver, thereby achieving the purpose of alleviating the development of T2DM. In summary, our work is the first to prove the long-term hypoglycemic effect of L. sakei in high-fat diet (HFD) and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced T2DM mice and supports the possibility of L. sakei QC9 being used as a new treatment for alleviating T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengling Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, 130118 Changchun, China.
| | - Pengyuan Pan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, 130118 Changchun, China.
| | - Hongyan Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, 130118 Changchun, China.
| | - Rao Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, 130118 Changchun, China.
| | - Dayong Ren
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, 130118 Changchun, China.
| | - Bin Jiang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, 130118 Changchun, China.
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3
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Wang Y, He X, Cheng N, Huang K. Unveiling the Nutritional Veil of Sulforaphane: With a Major Focus on Glucose Homeostasis Modulation. Nutrients 2024; 16:1877. [PMID: 38931232 PMCID: PMC11206418 DOI: 10.3390/nu16121877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Abnormal glucose homeostasis is associated with metabolic syndromes including cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and obesity, highlighting the significance of maintaining a balanced glucose level for optimal biological function. This highlights the importance of maintaining normal glucose levels for proper biological functioning. Sulforaphane (SFN), the primary bioactive compound in broccoli from the Cruciferae or Brassicaceae family, has been shown to enhance glucose homeostasis effectively while exhibiting low cytotoxicity. This paper assesses the impact of SFN on glucose homeostasis in vitro, in vivo, and human trials, as well as the molecular mechanisms that drive its regulatory effects. New strategies have been proposed to enhance the bioavailability and targeted delivery of SFN in order to overcome inherent instability. The manuscript also covers the safety evaluations of SFN that have been documented for its production and utilization. Hence, a deeper understanding of the favorable influence and mechanism of SFN on glucose homeostasis, coupled with the fact that SFN is abundant in the human daily diet, may ultimately offer theoretical evidence to support its potential use in the food and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.W.); (X.H.); (N.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Safety Assessment of Genetically Modified Organism (Food Safety), The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the P.R. China, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xiaoyun He
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.W.); (X.H.); (N.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Safety Assessment of Genetically Modified Organism (Food Safety), The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the P.R. China, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Nan Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.W.); (X.H.); (N.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Safety Assessment of Genetically Modified Organism (Food Safety), The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the P.R. China, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Kunlun Huang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.W.); (X.H.); (N.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Safety Assessment of Genetically Modified Organism (Food Safety), The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the P.R. China, Beijing 100083, China
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Hasanian-Langroudi F, Ghasemi A, Hedayati M, Siadat SD, Tohidi M. Novel Insight into the Effect of Probiotics in the Regulation of the Most Important Pathways Involved in the Pathogenesis of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2024; 16:829-844. [PMID: 37162668 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-023-10056-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is considered one of the most common disorders worldwide. Although several treatment modalities have been developed, the existing interventions have not yielded the desired results. Therefore, researchers have focused on finding treatment choices with low toxicity and few adverse effects that could control T2DM efficiently. Various types of research on the role of gut microbiota in developing T2DM and its related complications have led to the growing interest in probiotic supplementation. Several properties make these organisms unique in terms of human health, including their low cost, high reliability, and good safety profile. Emerging evidence has demonstrated that three of the most important signaling pathways, including nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt), and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), which involved in the pathogenesis of T2DM, play key functions in the effects of probiotics on this disease. Hence, we will focus on the clinical applications of probiotics in the management of T2DM. Then, we will also discuss the roles of the involvement of various probiotics in the regulation of the most important signaling pathways (NF-κB, PI3K/Akt, and Nrf2) involved in the pathogenesis of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Hasanian-Langroudi
- Prevention of Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box, Tehran, 19395-4763, Iran
| | - Asghar Ghasemi
- Endocrine Physiology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Hedayati
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Davar Siadat
- Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
- Microbiology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Maryam Tohidi
- Prevention of Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box, Tehran, 19395-4763, Iran.
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5
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Li P, Tong T, Shao X, Han Y, Zhang M, Li Y, Lv X, Li H, Li Z. The synergism of Lactobacillaceae, inulin, polyglucose, and aerobic exercise ameliorates hyperglycemia by modulating the gut microbiota community and the metabolic profiles in db/db mice. Food Funct 2024; 15:4832-4851. [PMID: 38623620 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo04642g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the impact of Lactobacillaceae (L or H represents a low or high dose), inulin (I), and polydextrose (P) combined with aerobic exercise (A) on the composition of the gut microbiota and metabolic profiles in db/db mice. After a 12-week intervention, LIP, LIPA, and HIPA groups exhibited significant improvements in hyperglycemia, glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, inflammatory response, and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) and blood lipid levels compared to type 2 diabetes mice (MC). After treatment, the gut microbiota composition shifted favorably in the treatment groups which significantly increased the abundance of beneficial bacteria, such as Bacteroides, Blautia, Akkermansia, and Faecalibaculum, and significantly decreased the abundance of Proteus. Metabolomics analysis showed that compared to the MC group, the contents of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, 3-hydroxysebacic acid, adenosine monophosphate (AMP), xanthine and hypoxanthine were significantly decreased, while 3-ketosphinganine, sphinganine, and sphingosine were significantly increased in the LIP and LIPA groups, respectively. Additionally, LIP and LIPA not only improved sphingolipid metabolism and purine metabolism pathways but also activated AMP-activated protein kinase to promote β-oxidation by increasing the levels of SCFAs. Faecalibaculum, Blautia, Bacteroides, and Akkermansia exhibited positive correlations with sphingosine, 3-ketosphinganine, and sphinganine, and exhibited negative correlations with hypoxanthine, xanthine and AMP. Faecalibaculum, Blautia, Bacteroides, and Akkermansia may have the potential to improve sphingolipid metabolism and purine metabolism pathways. These findings suggest that the synergism of Lactobacillaceae, inulin, polydextrose, and aerobic exercise provides a promising strategy for the prevention and management of type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peifan Li
- College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, Beijing, 100023, China.
| | - Tong Tong
- College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, Beijing, 100023, China.
| | - Xinyu Shao
- College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, Beijing, 100023, China.
| | - Yan Han
- College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, Beijing, 100023, China.
| | - Michael Zhang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
- Sino Canada Health Engineering Research Institute, Hefei, China
| | - Yongli Li
- Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
| | - Xue Lv
- Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
| | - Hao Li
- Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, China.
| | - Zuming Li
- College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, Beijing, 100023, China.
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Hamamah S, Iatcu OC, Covasa M. Nutrition at the Intersection between Gut Microbiota Eubiosis and Effective Management of Type 2 Diabetes. Nutrients 2024; 16:269. [PMID: 38257161 PMCID: PMC10820857 DOI: 10.3390/nu16020269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Nutrition is one of the most influential environmental factors in both taxonomical shifts in gut microbiota as well as in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Emerging evidence has shown that the effects of nutrition on both these parameters is not mutually exclusive and that changes in gut microbiota and related metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) may influence systemic inflammation and signaling pathways that contribute to pathophysiological processes associated with T2DM. With this background, our review highlights the effects of macronutrients, carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids, as well as micronutrients, vitamins, and minerals, on T2DM, specifically through their alterations in gut microbiota and the metabolites they produce. Additionally, we describe the influences of common food groups, which incorporate varying combinations of these macronutrients and micronutrients, on both microbiota and metabolic parameters in the context of diabetes mellitus. Overall, nutrition is one of the first line modifiable therapies in the management of T2DM and a better understanding of the mechanisms by which gut microbiota influence its pathophysiology provides opportunities for optimizing dietary interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevag Hamamah
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA;
| | - Oana C. Iatcu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine and Biological Science, University of Suceava, 720229 Suceava, Romania
| | - Mihai Covasa
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA;
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine and Biological Science, University of Suceava, 720229 Suceava, Romania
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7
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Zeng Z, Huang Z, Yue W, Nawaz S, Chen X, Liu J. Lactobacillus plantarum modulate gut microbiota and intestinal immunity in cyclophosphamide-treated mice model. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 169:115812. [PMID: 37979376 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota (GM) contributes to the production of immune-regulatory molecules and cytokines. However, our understanding regarding intricate relationship between Lactobacillus plantarum and GM on regulation of immune function remained limited. To investigate the effect of Lactobacillus plantarum on an immunosuppressed mouse model, we employed cyclophosphamide treatment and conducted various analysis including H&E (hematoxylin-eosin staining), immunohistochemistry, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and RT-PCR. Our results demonstrated that the administration of Lactobacillus plantarum had significant immunoenhancing effects in the immune-suppressed mice, as evidenced by the restoration of functional expression of specific immune markers in the spleen and an increase in the number of goblet cells in intestine (P < 0.05). Microbial taxonomic analysis revealed alterations in the gut microbiota composition, characterized by a decrease in the richness of Firmicutes and an increase in the proportion of Verrucomicrobia and Actinobacteria following cyclophosphamide treatment. Furthermore, cyclophosphamide treatment significantly suppressed the mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines (P < 0.05), which were subsequently restored after administration of Lactobacillus plantarum. These observations provide valuable insights into the complex interplay between probiotics, gut microbiota, and immune system functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhibo Zeng
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Fujian Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Fuzhou 350013, China; Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zurich, Universitaetstrasse 2, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Zonghao Huang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Fujian Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Fuzhou 350013, China
| | - Wen Yue
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Fujian Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Fuzhou 350013, China
| | - Shah Nawaz
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zurich, Universitaetstrasse 2, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Xinzhu Chen
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Fujian Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Fuzhou 350013, China.
| | - Jing Liu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Fujian Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Fuzhou 350013, China.
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Li A, Liu C, Han X, Zheng J, Zhang G, Qi X, Du P, Liu L. Tibetan Plateau yak milk: A comprehensive review of nutritional values, health benefits, and processing technology. Food Chem X 2023; 20:100919. [PMID: 38144800 PMCID: PMC10739763 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2023.100919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Yak milk is a characteristic animal product of yaks in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Although yak milk production is low, it is richer in nutrients such as protein, fat, and lactose, a more comprehensive range of bioactive components, and unique microbial resources than Holstein cow milk. The plateau environment makes yak milk resistant to hypoxia, anti-fatigue, antioxidant, antibacterial, and relieves chronic diseases. In this paper, based on the systematic analysis of yak milk research results in the past 20 years using CiteSpace 6.1.R2, we reviewed yak lactation performance and nutritional efficacy of yak milk. This paper summarizes the improvement of traditional yak dairy processing technology, and also focuses on the microbial diversity of yak milk sources and their beneficial effects. The purpose of this review is to provide scientific support for the development of a quality yak milk industry on the Tibetan plateau.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aili Li
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Chuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Xueting Han
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Jie Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Guofang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaoxi Qi
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Peng Du
- Heilongjiang Green Food Science Research Institute, Harbin, China
| | - Libo Liu
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
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Li P, Tong T, Wu Y, Zhou X, Zhang M, Liu J, She Y, Li Z, Li Y. The Synergism of Human Lactobacillaceae and Inulin Decrease Hyperglycemia via Regulating the Composition of Gut Microbiota and Metabolic Profiles in db/db Mice. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 33:1657-1670. [PMID: 37734909 PMCID: PMC10772568 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2304.04039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of Limosilactobacillus fermentum and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum isolated from human feces coordinating with inulin on the composition of gut microbiota and metabolic profiles in db/db mice. These supplements were administered to db/db mice for 12 weeks. The results showed that the Lactobacillaceae coordinating with inulin group (LI) exhibited lower fasting blood glucose levels than the model control group (MC). Additionally, LI was found to enhance colon tissue and increase the levels of short-chain fatty acids. 16S rRNA sequencing revealed that the abundance of Corynebacterium and Proteus, which were significantly increased in the MC group compared with NC group, were significantly decreased by the treatment of LI that also restored the key genera of the Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group, Lachnoclostridium, Ruminococcus_gnavus_group, Desulfovibrio, and Lachnospiraceae_UCG-006. Untargeted metabolomics analysis showed that lotaustralin, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, and 13(S)-HpODE were increased while L-phenylalanine and L-tryptophan were decreased in the MC group compared with the NC group. However, the intervention of LI reversed the levels of these metabolites in the intestine. Correlation analysis revealed that Lachnoclostridium and Ruminococcus_gnavus_group were negatively correlated with 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid and 13(S)-HpODE, but positively correlated with L-tryptophan. 13(S)-HpODE was involved in the "linoleic acid metabolism". L-tryptophan and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid were involved in "tryptophan metabolism" and "serotonergic synapse". These findings suggest that LI may alleviate type 2 diabetes symptoms by modulating the abundance of Ruminococcus_gnavus_group and Lachnoclostridium to regulate the pathways of "linoleic acid metabolism", "serotonergic synapse", and" tryptophan metabolism". Our results provide new insights into prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peifan Li
- College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, Beijing, 100023, P.R. China
| | - Tong Tong
- College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, Beijing, 100023, P.R. China
| | - Yusong Wu
- College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, Beijing, 100023, P.R. China
| | - Xin Zhou
- College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, Beijing, 100023, P.R. China
| | - Michael Zhang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
- Sino Canada health engineering research institute, Hefei, P.R. China
| | - Jia Liu
- Internal Trade Food Science and Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd, Beijing, 102209, P.R. China
| | - Yongxin She
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Zuming Li
- College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, Beijing, 100023, P.R. China
| | - Yongli Li
- Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
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Teyani R, Moniri NH. Gut feelings in the islets: The role of the gut microbiome and the FFA2 and FFA3 receptors for short chain fatty acids on β-cell function and metabolic regulation. Br J Pharmacol 2023; 180:3113-3129. [PMID: 37620991 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are biosynthesized via fermentation of polysaccharides by gastrointestinal microbiota and have been shown to have wide-reaching effects on almost all tissues, including the pancreatic islets. Historically, the effects of SCFAs have been attributed to their intracellular metabolism and function as energy sources, but the discovery of free fatty acid G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) in the 2000s suggested that many functional outcomes of SCFAs are receptor-mediated. The SCFA receptors FFA2/GPR43 and FFA3/GPR41 are expressed on β-cells, where they regulate glucose-dependent insulin secretion, making them attractive targets for treatment of diabetes and other metabolic disorders. Here, we provide an update on the current evidence regarding regulation of FFA2/FFA3 receptors by specific probiotic bacterial species within the gut microbiome that synthesize SCFAs. We also review the body of research regarding the FFA2- and FFA3 receptor-specific function of SCFAs on β-cells and discuss the somewhat controversial and opposing findings within these studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razan Teyani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Mercer University Health Sciences Center, Mercer University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Nader H Moniri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Mercer University Health Sciences Center, Mercer University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Mercer University Health Sciences Center, Mercer University, Macon, Georgia, USA
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11
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Wang G, Song J, Wang C, Chen X, Suo H. Metabolomics reveals the role of Lactobacillus plantarum SHY130 in hepatic metabolic regulation in a mouse model of type 2 diabetes. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:6406-6415. [PMID: 37209399 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Among type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients, the incidence rate of liver metabolic disorders is much higher than that in healthy subjects. It was observed in our previous research that diabetic symptoms were improved by Lactobacillus plantarum SHY130 (LPSHY130) isolated from yak yogurt in a murine model of T2D. This study sought to investigate the LPSHY130-mediated hepatic metabolic regulation in a murine model of T2D. RESULTS Treatment with LPSHY130 improved liver function and pathological damage in diabetic mice. Untargeted metabolome analysis revealed that T2D-induced changes in 11 metabolites were regulated after LPSHY130 treatment, mainly involving purine metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and choline metabolism and pantothenate and coenzyme A biosynthesis pathways. In addition, correlation analysis indicated that hepatic metabolic changes can be adjusted by the intestinal microbiota. CONCLUSION Overall, this study suggests that treatment with LPSHY130 relieves liver injury and regulates liver metabolism in a murine model of T2D, thus providing a theoretical basis for the use of probiotics as dietary supplements to regulate hepatic metabolic disorders associated with T2D. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangqi Wang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Agricultural Product Processing Technology Innovation Platform, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiajia Song
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Agricultural Product Processing Technology Innovation Platform, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chen Wang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Agricultural Product Processing Technology Innovation Platform, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoyong Chen
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Agricultural Product Processing Technology Innovation Platform, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Huayi Suo
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Agricultural Product Processing Technology Innovation Platform, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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12
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Wang X, Long D, Hu X, Guo N. Gentiopicroside modulates glucose homeostasis in high-fat-diet and streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetic mice. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1172360. [PMID: 37601073 PMCID: PMC10438990 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1172360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Gluconeogenesis is closely related to the occurrence and development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Gentiopicroside (GPS) is the main active secoiridoid glycoside in Gentiana manshurica Kitagawa, which can improve chronic complications associated with diabetes and regulate glucose metabolism. However, the effects and potential mechanisms by which GPS affects T2DM understudied and poorly understood. In this study, we systematically explored the pharmacological effects of GPS on T2DM induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) and streptozotocin (STZ) as well as explored its related mechanisms. The results showed that GPS supplementation discernibly decreased blood glucose levels, food intake and water consumption, ameliorated glucose intolerance, abnormal pyruvate tolerance, insulin resistance and dyslipidemia. Furthermore, GPS discernibly ameliorated pathological morphological abnormalities of the liver and pancreas, reduced hepatic steatosis and maintain the balance between α-cells and β-cells in pancreas. Moreover, GPS significantly inhibited gluconeogenesis, as evidenced by the suppressed protein expression of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) and glucose 6-phosphatase (G6Pase) in the liver. Additionally, the results of Western blot analysis revealed that GPS increased p-PI3K, p-AKT, and p-FOXO1 expression levels, and decreased FOXO1 expression at protein level in the liver. Furthermore, the results of the immunostaining and Western blot analysis demonstrated that GPS supplementation increased the expression of zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) and occludin in the ileum. Collectively, these results indicate that GPS may inhibit hepatic gluconeogenesis by regulating the PI3K/AKT/FOXO1 signaling pathway and maintain intestinal barrier integrity, and ultimately improve T2DM. Together, these findings indicate that GPS is a potential candidate drug for the prevention and treatment of T2DM, and the results of our study will provide experimental basis for further exploration of the possibility of GPS as a therapeutic agent for T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Dongmei Long
- Nanchong Key Laboratory of Disease Prevention, Control and Detection in Livestock and Poultry, Nanchong Vocational and Technical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Xianghong Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Nan Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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13
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Zeng Z, Yang Y, Zhong X, Dai F, Chen S, Tong X. Ameliorative Effects of Lactobacillus paracasei L14 on Oxidative Stress and Gut Microbiota in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Rats. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1515. [PMID: 37627510 PMCID: PMC10451986 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12081515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioprospecting of more novel probiotic strains has attained continuous interest. This study aimed to investigate the beneficial effects of Lactobacillus paracasei strain L14, an isolate from a traditional Chinese dairy product, on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) rats. Preventive supplementation of strain L14 showed excellent anti-diabetic effects on high-fat diet/low-dose streptozotocin (HFD/STZ)-induced T2DM rats. It significantly reduced hyperglycemia, protected pancreatic β-cell and liver function, and ameliorated oxidative stress while considerably improving dyslipidemia and inflammation. Furthermore, the strain modulated the gut microbiota to alleviate gut dysbiosis. Interestingly, most of these biochemical parameters could even restore to normal levels by the intervention of strain L14. The whole-genome sequencing of L14 was performed to provide a critical molecular basis for its probiotic activities. Genes related to antioxidant systems and other beneficial microbial metabolites like exopolysaccharides (EPS) biosynthesis were found. This study demonstrates that probiotic L. paracasei L14 has good potential for applications in functional food and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhu Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (Z.Z.); (Y.Y.); (F.D.)
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China;
| | - Yi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (Z.Z.); (Y.Y.); (F.D.)
| | - Xinxin Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (Z.Z.); (Y.Y.); (F.D.)
| | - Fangyin Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (Z.Z.); (Y.Y.); (F.D.)
| | - Shangwu Chen
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China;
| | - Xiaoling Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (Z.Z.); (Y.Y.); (F.D.)
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14
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Liang Z, Hao Y, Yang L, Yuan P, Kang W, Liang T, Gu B, Dong B. The potential of Klebsiella and Escherichia-Shigella and amino acids metabolism to monitor patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis in northwest China. BMC Microbiol 2023; 23:199. [PMID: 37495941 PMCID: PMC10373412 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-023-02927-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intestinal flora has been proposed to mediate the occurrence of postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMO). However, the mechanism by which microbes and their metabolites interactively promote PMO remains unknown. METHODS This study aimed to investigate changes in the intestinal flora and associated metabolites, and their role in PMO. 16S rRNA gene sequencing and metabolomics were performed to obtain postmenopausal women with osteopenia (lower bone mass, LBM), postmenopausal women with osteoporosis (OST), and healthy women as the control group. RESULTS We identified taxa-specific and metabolite differences in the intestinal flora of the participants of this study. The pathogenic bacteria Klebsiella (0.59% and 0.71%, respectively) and Escherichia-Shigella (2.72% and 4.30%, respectively) were enriched in the LBM and OST groups (p < 0.05). Some short-chain fatty acid (SCFAs) producing bacteria, Lactobacillus, Akkermansia, Prevotella, Alistipes, and Butyricicoccus, were reduced in patients with LBM and OST compared to the control. Moreover, fecal metabolomic analyses suggested that the metabolites of indole-3-acetic acid and 7-ketodeoxycholic acid were altered in the LBM and OST groups compared to the control (p < 0.05). Enrichment analysis suggested that valine, leucine, and isoleucine biosynthesis; aromatic amino acid biosynthesis; and phenylalanine metabolism were significantly associated with the identified microbiota biomarkers and OST. Moreover, metabolite marker signatures distinguished patients in the OST from those in the control group with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.978 and 1.00 in the negative and positive ion modes, respectively. Finally, we also found that the fecal level of interleukin-10 (IL-10) in the OST group was significantly lower than that in the control group and LBM group (p < 0.05), while tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were significantly higher in the OST group than that in the control group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS This study provides robust evidence connecting the intestinal flora and fecal metabolomics with PMO. Integrated metabolite and microbiota analyses demonstrated that in addition to dysregulated bacteria, indole-3-acetic acid, 7-ketodeoxycholic acid, and other metabolites can be used for the distinguish of LBM and PMO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuang Liang
- Department of Rehabilitation Hospital Pain Ward, Xi'an Jiaotong University Affiliated Honghui Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710054, China
| | - Yuqi Hao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ordos Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Ordos, 017000, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Rehabilitation Hospital Pain Ward, Xi'an Jiaotong University Affiliated Honghui Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710054, China
| | - Puwei Yuan
- Department of Rehabilitation Hospital Pain Ward, Xi'an Jiaotong University Affiliated Honghui Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710054, China
| | - Wulin Kang
- Department of Rehabilitation Hospital Pain Ward, Xi'an Jiaotong University Affiliated Honghui Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710054, China
| | - Tingting Liang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, Guangdong, China.
| | - Bing Gu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, Guangdong, China.
| | - Bo Dong
- Department of Rehabilitation Hospital Pain Ward, Xi'an Jiaotong University Affiliated Honghui Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710054, China.
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Modulatory effects of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum on chronic metabolic diseases. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2022.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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16
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Wang D, Zhou Y, Zheng X, Guo J, Duan H, Zhou S, Yan W. Yak Milk: Nutritional Value, Functional Activity, and Current Applications. Foods 2023; 12:foods12112090. [PMID: 37297335 DOI: 10.3390/foods12112090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The yak is a special species that inhabits the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and its surrounding areas. Its unique habitat gives yak milk certain distinct characteristics compared to regular cow milk. Yak milk not only has a high nutritional value but also holds potential benefits for human health. In recent years, there has been increasing research attention on yak milk. Studies have found that the bioactive components in yak milk have various functional properties, including antioxidant, anticancer, antibacterial, blood pressure-lowering, anti-fatigue, and constipation-relieving effects. However, more evidence is needed to confirm these functions in the human body. Therefore, by reviewing the current research status on the nutrition and functionality of yak milk, we aim to reveal its enormous potential as a source of nutritional and functional substances. This article primarily analyzed the nutritional composition of yak milk and the functional effects of its bioactive components, categorically elucidated the mechanisms behind its functional activities, and provided a brief introduction to related yak milk products. Our objective is to deepen people's understanding of yak milk and provide some references for its further development and utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diandian Wang
- College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, No. 18, Xili District 3, Fatou, Beijing 100023, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Food, College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, 197 North Tucheng West Road, Beijing 100023, China
| | - Yaxi Zhou
- College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, No. 18, Xili District 3, Fatou, Beijing 100023, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Food, College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, 197 North Tucheng West Road, Beijing 100023, China
| | - Xianping Zheng
- Ganzi Prefecture Seda County Zang Yuan Zhao Mei Dairy Products Co., Ltd., No. 51, West Section of Jinma Avenue, Seda County, Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Ganzi 626700, China
| | - Jinhong Guo
- College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, No. 18, Xili District 3, Fatou, Beijing 100023, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Food, College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, 197 North Tucheng West Road, Beijing 100023, China
| | - Hao Duan
- College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, No. 18, Xili District 3, Fatou, Beijing 100023, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Food, College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, 197 North Tucheng West Road, Beijing 100023, China
| | - Shiqi Zhou
- College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, No. 18, Xili District 3, Fatou, Beijing 100023, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Food, College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, 197 North Tucheng West Road, Beijing 100023, China
| | - Wenjie Yan
- College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, No. 18, Xili District 3, Fatou, Beijing 100023, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Food, College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, 197 North Tucheng West Road, Beijing 100023, China
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Liu Y, Liu Q, Zhao J, Zhang H, Zhai Q, Chen W. Strain-specific regulative effects of Lactobacillus plantarum on intestinal barrier dysfunction are associated with their capsular polysaccharides. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 222:1343-1352. [PMID: 36126811 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.09.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The intestinal barrier is integral to the host's defense, and disrupting its integrity contributes to gut and systemic diseases. Lactobacillus plantarum has been widely reported to exhibit a protective effect on the gut barrier. However, the strain-specific mechanism of this bacterium's function remains unclear. This study characterized the regulative effects of 55 L. plantarum strains on the intestinal barrier using TNF-α-induced Caco-2 cells and a dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis animal model and found that the regulative effect is strain-specific. Comparative genomic analysis suggested that the ability of L. plantarum to regulate the intestinal barrier is exerted in part by genes encoding proteins associated with polysaccharide synthesis. This observation was verified using surface protein/capsular polysaccharides separation experiments. Structural analysis of capsular polysaccharides showed that molecular weight and mole ratios of monosaccharide compositions may play important roles in strain-specific protective effects on the gut barrier. This study identified different effects of L. plantarum strains on intestinal barrier dysfunction and proved that this regulative ability relies on the characteristic of the capsular polysaccharides of the strains. Thus, our data provided genetic targets and molecular for screening L. plantarum strains with the ability to protect the gut barrier, and suggested the capsular polysaccharides of L. plantarum may be explored as a potential functional food component against intestinal barrier dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Qing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Jianxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Wuxi Translational Medicine Research Center and Jiangsu Translational Medicine Research, Institute Wuxi Branch, China
| | - Qixiao Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.
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18
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Ren S, Wang C, Chen A, Lv W, Gao R. The Probiotic Lactobacillus paracasei Ameliorates Diarrhea Cause by Escherichia coli O8via Gut Microbiota Modulation1. Front Nutr 2022; 9:878808. [PMID: 35662940 PMCID: PMC9159302 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.878808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Koumiss is a fermented horse milk food containing abundant probiotics. Lactobacillus paracasei is a bacterial strain isolated from koumiss that helps regulate the intestinal microbiota. One of the major cause of diarrhea is an imbalance of the intestinal flora. The aim of this study was to investigate whether Lactobacillus paracasei can ameliorate E. coli-induced diarrhea and modulate the gut microbiota. Methods Mouse models of diarrhea were established via intragastric E. coli O8 administration. We then attempted to prevent or treat diarrhea in the mice via intragastric administration of a 3 × 108 CFU/mL L. paracasei cell suspension. The severity of diarrhea was evaluated based on the body weight, diarrhea rate, and index, fecal diameter, ileum injury, hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining, and diamine oxidase (DAO) and zonulin expression. Expression of the tight junction (TJ) proteins claudin-1, occludin, and zona occludens (ZO-)1 were detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Gastrointestinal mRNA expression levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The microbial composition was analyzed by 16s rRNA sequencing. Results The L. paracasei demonstrated excellent therapeutic efficacy against diarrhea. It elevated the TJ protein levels and downregulated proinflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, and p65, myosin light chain 2 (MLC2), myosin light chain kinase (MLCK). Moreover L. paracasei increased those bacteria, which can product short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) such Alistipes, Odoribacter, Roseburia, and Oscillibacter. Conclusion L. paracasei ameliorated diarrhea by inhibiting activation of the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB)-MLCK pathway and increasing the abundance of gut microbiota that produce SCFA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunan Ren
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Chunjie Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- *Correspondence: Chunjie Wang,
| | - Aorigele Chen
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Wenting Lv
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Ruijuan Gao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
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Wolosowicz M, Prokopiuk S, Kaminski TW. Recent Advances in the Treatment of Insulin Resistance Targeting Molecular and Metabolic Pathways: Fighting a Losing Battle? Medicina (B Aires) 2022; 58:medicina58040472. [PMID: 35454311 PMCID: PMC9029454 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58040472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is amongst the most notable causes of years of life lost worldwide and its prevalence increases perpetually. The disease is characterized as multisystemic dysfunctions attributed to hyperglycemia resulting directly from insulin resistance (IR), inadequate insulin secretion, or enormous glucagon secretion. Insulin is a highly anabolic peptide hormone that regulates blood glucose levels by hastening cellular glucose uptake as well as controlling carbohydrate, protein, and lipid metabolism. In the course of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), which accounts for nearly 90% of all cases of diabetes, the insulin response is inadequate, and this condition is defined as Insulin Resistance. IR sequela include, but are not limited to, hyperglycemia, cardiovascular system impairment, chronic inflammation, disbalance in oxidative stress status, and metabolic syndrome occurrence. Despite the substantial progress in understanding the molecular and metabolic pathways accounting for injurious effects of IR towards multiple body organs, IR still is recognized as a ferocious enigma. The number of widely available therapeutic approaches is growing, however, the demand for precise, safe, and effective therapy is also increasing. A literature search was carried out using the MEDLINE/PubMed, Google Scholar, SCOPUS and Clinical Trials Registry databases with a combination of keywords and MeSH terms, and papers published from February 2021 to March 2022 were selected as recently published papers. This review paper aims to provide critical, concise, but comprehensive insights into the advances in the treatment of IR that were achieved in the last months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Wolosowicz
- Department of Physiology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland;
| | - Slawomir Prokopiuk
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Lomza State University of Applied Sciences, 18-400 Lomza, Poland;
| | - Tomasz W. Kaminski
- Department of Medicine, Pittsburgh Heart, Lung and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
- Correspondence:
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