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Gonzalez-Pujana A, Igartua M, Hernandez RM, Santos-Vizcaino E. Laponite nanoclays for the sustained delivery of therapeutic proteins. Eur J Pharm Sci 2024; 201:106858. [PMID: 39033884 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2024.106858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Protein therapeutics hold immense promise for treating a wide array of diseases. However, their efficacy is often compromised by rapid degradation and clearance. The synthetic smectite clay Laponite emerges as a promising candidate for their sustained delivery. Despite its unique properties allow to load and release proteins mitigating burst release and extending their effects, precise control over Laponite-protein interactions remains challenging since it depends on a complex interplay of factors whose implication is not fully understood yet. The aim of this review article is to shed light on this issue, providing a comprehensive discussion of the factors influencing protein loading and release, including the physicochemical properties of the nanoclay and proteins, pH, dispersion buffer, clay/protein concentration and Laponite degradation. Furthermore, we thoroughly revise the array of bioactive proteins that have been delivered from formulations containing the nanoclay, highlighting Laponite-polymer nanocomposite hydrogels, a promising avenue currently under extensive investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ainhoa Gonzalez-Pujana
- NanoBioCel Research Group, Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, Vitoria-Gasteiz 01006, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Bioaraba, NanoBioCel Research Group, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Manoli Igartua
- NanoBioCel Research Group, Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, Vitoria-Gasteiz 01006, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Bioaraba, NanoBioCel Research Group, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Rosa Maria Hernandez
- NanoBioCel Research Group, Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, Vitoria-Gasteiz 01006, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Bioaraba, NanoBioCel Research Group, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
| | - Edorta Santos-Vizcaino
- NanoBioCel Research Group, Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, Vitoria-Gasteiz 01006, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Bioaraba, NanoBioCel Research Group, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
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2
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Niknezhad SV, Mehrali M, Khorasgani FR, Heidari R, Kadumudi FB, Golafshan N, Castilho M, Pennisi CP, Hasany M, Jahanshahi M, Mehrali M, Ghasemi Y, Azarpira N, Andresen TL, Dolatshahi-Pirouz A. Enhancing volumetric muscle loss (VML) recovery in a rat model using super durable hydrogels derived from bacteria. Bioact Mater 2024; 38:540-558. [PMID: 38872731 PMCID: PMC11170101 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2024.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Bacteria can be programmed to deliver natural materials with defined biological and mechanical properties for controlling cell growth and differentiation. Here, we present an elastic, resilient and bioactive polysaccharide derived from the extracellular matrix of Pantoea sp. BCCS 001. Specifically, it was methacrylated to generate a new photo crosslinkable hydrogel that we coined Pantoan Methacrylate or put simply PAMA. We have used it for the first time as a tissue engineering hydrogel to treat VML injuries in rats. The crosslinked PAMA hydrogel was super elastic with a recovery nearing 100 %, while mimicking the mechanical stiffness of native muscle. After inclusion of thiolated gelatin via a Michaelis reaction with acrylate groups on PAMA we could also guide muscle progenitor cells into fused and aligned tubes - something reminiscent of mature muscle cells. These results were complemented by sarcomeric alpha-actinin immunostaining studies. Importantly, the implanted hydrogels exhibited almost 2-fold more muscle formation and 50 % less fibrous tissue formation compared to untreated rat groups. In vivo inflammation and toxicity assays likewise gave rise to positive results confirming the biocompatibility of this new biomaterial system. Overall, our results demonstrate that programmable polysaccharides derived from bacteria can be used to further advance the field of tissue engineering. In greater detail, they could in the foreseeable future be used in practical therapies against VML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyyed Vahid Niknezhad
- Burn and Wound Healing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, 71987-54361, Iran
| | - Mehdi Mehrali
- Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, 2800, Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | - Reza Heidari
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Firoz Babu Kadumudi
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, 2800, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Nasim Golafshan
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, 2800, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CX, the Netherlands
| | - Miguel Castilho
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, the Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Cristian Pablo Pennisi
- Regenerative Medicine Group, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, 9260, Gistrup, Denmark
| | - Masoud Hasany
- Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, 2800, Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | - Mohammad Mehrali
- Faculty of Engineering Technology, Department of Thermal and Fluid Engineering (TFE), University of Twente, 7500 AE, Enschede, the Netherlands
| | - Younes Ghasemi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Negar Azarpira
- Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Thomas L. Andresen
- Department of Health Technology, Section for Biotherapeutic Engineering and Drug Targeting, Technical University of Denmark, 2800, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
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3
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Pramanik S, Alhomrani M, Alamri AS, Alsanie WF, Nainwal P, Kimothi V, Deepak A, Sargsyan AS. Unveiling the versatility of gelatin methacryloyl hydrogels: a comprehensive journey into biomedical applications. Biomed Mater 2024; 19:042008. [PMID: 38768611 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ad4df7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogels have gained significant recognition as versatile biomaterials in the biomedical domain. GelMA hydrogels emulate vital characteristics of the innate extracellular matrix by integrating cell-adhering and matrix metalloproteinase-responsive peptide motifs. These features enable cellular proliferation and spreading within GelMA-based hydrogel scaffolds. Moreover, GelMA displays flexibility in processing, as it experiences crosslinking when exposed to light irradiation, supporting the development of hydrogels with adjustable mechanical characteristics. The drug delivery landscape has been reshaped by GelMA hydrogels, offering a favorable platform for the controlled and sustained release of therapeutic actives. The tunable physicochemical characteristics of GelMA enable precise modulation of the kinetics of drug release, ensuring optimal therapeutic effectiveness. In tissue engineering, GelMA hydrogels perform an essential role in the design of the scaffold, providing a biomimetic environment conducive to cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation. Incorporating GelMA in three-dimensional printing further improves its applicability in drug delivery and developing complicated tissue constructs with spatial precision. Wound healing applications showcase GelMA hydrogels as bioactive dressings, fostering a conducive microenvironment for tissue regeneration. The inherent biocompatibility and tunable mechanical characteristics of GelMA provide its efficiency in the closure of wounds and tissue repair. GelMA hydrogels stand at the forefront of biomedical innovation, offering a versatile platform for addressing diverse challenges in drug delivery, tissue engineering, and wound healing. This review provides a comprehensive overview, fostering an in-depth understanding of GelMA hydrogel's potential impact on progressing biomedical sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheersha Pramanik
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Majid Alhomrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, The faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
- Centre of Biomedical Sciences Research (CBSR), Deanship of Scientific Research, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulhakeem S Alamri
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, The faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
- Centre of Biomedical Sciences Research (CBSR), Deanship of Scientific Research, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Walaa F Alsanie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, The faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
- Centre of Biomedical Sciences Research (CBSR), Deanship of Scientific Research, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pankaj Nainwal
- School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun 248001, India
| | - Vishwadeepak Kimothi
- Himalayan Institute of Pharmacy and Research, Rajawala, Dehradun, Uttrakhand, India
| | - A Deepak
- Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha School of Engineering, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600128, India
| | - Armen S Sargsyan
- Scientific and Production Center 'Armbiotechnology' NAS RA, 14 Gyurjyan Str., Yerevan 0056, Armenia
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4
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Ghelich P, Samandari M, Hassani Najafabadi A, Tanguay A, Quint J, Menon N, Ghanbariamin D, Saeedinejad F, Alipanah F, Chidambaram R, Krawetz R, Nuutila K, Toro S, Barnum L, Jay GD, Schmidt TA, Tamayol A. Dissolvable Immunomodulatory Microneedles for Treatment of Skin Wounds. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2302836. [PMID: 38299437 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202302836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Sustained inflammation can halt or delay wound healing, and macrophages play a central role in wound healing. Inflammatory macrophages are responsible for the removal of pathogens, debris, and neutrophils, while anti-inflammatory macrophages stimulate various regenerative processes. Recombinant human Proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) is shown to modulate macrophage polarization and to prevent fibrosis and scarring in ear wound healing. Here, dissolvable microneedle arrays (MNAs) carrying rhPRG4 are engineered for the treatment of skin wounds. The in vitro experiments suggest that rhPRG4 modulates the inflammatory function of bone marrow-derived macrophages. Degradable and detachable microneedles are developed from gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) attach to a dissolvable gelatin backing. The developed MNAs are able to deliver a high dose of rhPRG4 through the dissolution of the gelatin backing post-injury, while the GelMA microneedles sustain rhPRG4 bioavailability over the course of treatment. In vivo results in a murine model of full-thickness wounds with impaired healing confirm a decrease in inflammatory biomarkers such as TNF-α and IL-6, and an increase in angiogenesis and collagen deposition. Collectively, these results demonstrate rhPRG4-incorporating MNA is a promising platform in skin wound healing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pejman Ghelich
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
| | - Mohamadmahdi Samandari
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
| | - Alireza Hassani Najafabadi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
| | - Adam Tanguay
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
| | - Jacob Quint
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
| | - Nikhil Menon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
| | - Delaram Ghanbariamin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
| | - Farnoosh Saeedinejad
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
| | - Fatemeh Alipanah
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
| | - Ramaswamy Chidambaram
- Center for Comparative Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
| | - Roman Krawetz
- McCaig Institute for Bone & Joint Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4Z6, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Kristo Nuutila
- US Army Institute of Surgical Research, Fort Sam Houston, Texas, 78234, USA
| | - Steven Toro
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
| | - Lindsay Barnum
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
| | - Gregory D Jay
- Emergency Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02908, USA
| | - Tannin A Schmidt
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
| | - Ali Tamayol
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
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5
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Wei SY, Chen PY, Tsai MC, Hsu TL, Hsieh CC, Fan HW, Chen TH, Xie RH, Chen GY, Chen YC. Enhancing the Repair of Substantial Volumetric Muscle Loss by Creating Different Levels of Blood Vessel Networks Using Pre-Vascularized Nerve Hydrogel Implants. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2303320. [PMID: 38354361 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202303320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Volumetric muscle loss (VML), a severe muscle tissue loss from trauma or surgery, results in scarring, limited regeneration, and significant fibrosis, leading to lasting reductions in muscle mass and function. A promising approach for VML recovery involves restoring vascular and neural networks at the injury site, a process not extensively studied yet. Collagen hydrogels have been investigated as scaffolds for blood vessel formation due to their biocompatibility, but reconstructing blood vessels and guiding innervation at the injury site is still difficult. In this study, collagen hydrogels with varied densities of vessel-forming cells are implanted subcutaneously in mice, generating pre-vascularized hydrogels with diverse vessel densities (0-145 numbers/mm2) within a week. These hydrogels, after being transplanted into muscle injury sites, are assessed for muscle repair capabilities. Results showed that hydrogels with high microvessel densities, filling the wound area, effectively reconnected with host vasculature and neural networks, promoting neovascularization and muscle integration, and addressing about 63% of the VML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Yen Wei
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yu Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan
| | - Min-Chun Tsai
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Lun Hsu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chang Hsieh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Wei Fan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hsuan Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15289, USA
| | - Ren-Hao Xie
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300193, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300193, Taiwan
| | - Guan-Yu Chen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300193, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300193, Taiwan
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300193, Taiwan
- Center for Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-devices (IDS2B), National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300193, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chieh Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan
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6
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Samolyk BL, Pace ZY, Li J, Billiar KL, Coburn JM, Whittington CF, Pins GD. Developing Porous Fibrin Scaffolds with Tunable Anisotropic Features to Direct Myoblast Orientation. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2024; 30:217-228. [PMID: 38562112 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2023.0363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Functional regeneration of anisotropically aligned tissues such as ligaments, microvascular networks, myocardium, or skeletal muscle requires a temporal and spatial series of biochemical and biophysical cues to direct cell functions that promote native tissue regeneration. When these cues are lost during traumatic injuries such as volumetric muscle loss (VML), scar formation occurs, limiting the regenerative capacity of the tissue. Currently, autologous tissue transfer is the gold standard for treating injuries such as VML but can result in adverse outcomes including graft failure, donor site morbidity, and excessive scarring. Tissue-engineered scaffolds composed of biomaterials, cells, or both have been investigated to promote functional tissue regeneration but are still limited by inadequate tissue ingrowth. These scaffolds should provide precisely tuned topographies and stiffnesses using proregenerative materials to encourage tissue-specific functions such as myoblast orientation, followed by aligned myotube formation and recovery of functional contraction. In this study, we describe the design and characterization of novel porous fibrin scaffolds with anisotropic microarchitectural features that recapitulate the native tissue microenvironment and offer a promising approach for regeneration of aligned tissues. We used directional freeze-casting with varied fibrin concentrations and freezing temperatures to produce scaffolds with tunable degrees of anisotropy and strut widths. Nanoindentation analyses showed that the moduli of our fibrin scaffolds varied as a function of fibrin concentration and were consistent with native skeletal muscle tissue. Quantitative morphometric analyses of myoblast cytoskeletons on scaffold microarchitectures demonstrated enhanced cell alignment as a function of microarchitectural morphology. The ability to precisely control the anisotropic features of fibrin scaffolds promises to provide a powerful tool for directing aligned tissue ingrowth and enhance functional regeneration of tissues such as skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryanna L Samolyk
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Zoe Y Pace
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Juanyong Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kristen L Billiar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jeannine M Coburn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Catherine F Whittington
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - George D Pins
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
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7
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Makode S, Maurya S, Niknam SA, Mollocana-Lara E, Jaberi K, Faramarzi N, Tamayol A, Mortazavi M. Three dimensional (bio)printing of blood vessels: from vascularized tissues to functional arteries. Biofabrication 2024; 16:022005. [PMID: 38277671 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ad22ed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Tissue engineering has emerged as a strategy for producing functional tissues and organs to treat diseases and injuries. Many chronic conditions directly or indirectly affect normal blood vessel functioning, necessary for material exchange and transport through the body and within tissue-engineered constructs. The interest in vascular tissue engineering is due to two reasons: (1) functional grafts can be used to replace diseased blood vessels, and (2) engineering effective vasculature within other engineered tissues enables connection with the host's circulatory system, supporting their survival. Among various practices, (bio)printing has emerged as a powerful tool to engineer biomimetic constructs. This has been made possible with precise control of cell deposition and matrix environment along with the advancements in biomaterials. (Bio)printing has been used for both engineering stand-alone vascular grafts as well as vasculature within engineered tissues for regenerative applications. In this review article, we discuss various conditions associated with blood vessels, the need for artificial blood vessels, the anatomy and physiology of different blood vessels, available 3D (bio)printing techniques to fabricate tissue-engineered vascular grafts and vasculature in scaffolds, and the comparison among the different techniques. We conclude our review with a brief discussion about future opportunities in the area of blood vessel tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubham Makode
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Satyajit Maurya
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Seyed A Niknam
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Western New England University, Springfield, MA, United States of America
| | - Evelyn Mollocana-Lara
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, United States of America
| | - Kiana Jaberi
- Department of Nutritional Science, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Negar Faramarzi
- Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, United States of America
| | - Ali Tamayol
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, United States of America
| | - Mehdi Mortazavi
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA 01609, United States of America
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8
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Shan BH, Wu FG. Hydrogel-Based Growth Factor Delivery Platforms: Strategies and Recent Advances. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2210707. [PMID: 37009859 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202210707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Growth factors play a crucial role in regulating a broad variety of biological processes and are regarded as powerful therapeutic agents in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine in the past decades. However, their application is limited by their short half-lives and potential side effects in physiological environments. Hydrogels are identified as having the promising potential to prolong the half-lives of growth factors and mitigate their adverse effects by restricting them within the matrix to reduce their rapid proteolysis, burst release, and unwanted diffusion. This review discusses recent progress in the development of growth factor-containing hydrogels for various biomedical applications, including wound healing, brain tissue repair, cartilage and bone regeneration, and spinal cord injury repair. In addition, the review introduces strategies for optimizing growth factor release including affinity-based delivery, carrier-assisted delivery, stimuli-responsive delivery, spatial structure-based delivery, and cellular system-based delivery. Finally, the review presents current limitations and future research directions for growth factor-delivering hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bai-Hui Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou Road, Nanjing, 210096, P. R. China
| | - Fu-Gen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou Road, Nanjing, 210096, P. R. China
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9
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Mohanto S, Narayana S, Merai KP, Kumar JA, Bhunia A, Hani U, Al Fatease A, Gowda BHJ, Nag S, Ahmed MG, Paul K, Vora LK. Advancements in gelatin-based hydrogel systems for biomedical applications: A state-of-the-art review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127143. [PMID: 37793512 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
A gelatin-based hydrogel system is a stimulus-responsive, biocompatible, and biodegradable polymeric system with solid-like rheology that entangles moisture in its porous network that gradually protrudes to assemble a hierarchical crosslinked arrangement. The hydrolysis of collagen directs gelatin construction, which retains arginyl glycyl aspartic acid and matrix metalloproteinase-sensitive degeneration sites, further confining access to chemicals entangled within the gel (e.g., cell encapsulation), modulating the release of encapsulated payloads and providing mechanical signals to the adjoining cells. The utilization of various types of functional tunable biopolymers as scaffold materials in hydrogels has become highly attractive due to their higher porosity and mechanical ability; thus, higher loading of proteins, peptides, therapeutic molecules, etc., can be further modulated. Furthermore, a stimulus-mediated gelatin-based hydrogel with an impaired concentration of gellan demonstrated great shear thinning and self-recovering characteristics in biomedical and tissue engineering applications. Therefore, this contemporary review presents a concise version of the gelatin-based hydrogel as a conceivable biomaterial for various biomedical applications. In addition, the article has recapped the multiple sources of gelatin and their structural characteristics concerning stimulating hydrogel development and delivery approaches of therapeutic molecules (e.g., proteins, peptides, genes, drugs, etc.), existing challenges, and overcoming designs, particularly from drug delivery perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Mohanto
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Yenepoya Pharmacy College & Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore 575018, Karnataka, India.
| | - Soumya Narayana
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Yenepoya Pharmacy College & Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore 575018, Karnataka, India
| | - Khushboo Paresh Merai
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad 382481, Gujrat, India
| | - Jahanvee Ashok Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad 382481, Gujrat, India
| | - Adrija Bhunia
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Yenepoya Pharmacy College & Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore 575018, Karnataka, India
| | - Umme Hani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adel Al Fatease
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - B H Jaswanth Gowda
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Yenepoya Pharmacy College & Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore 575018, Karnataka, India; School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK.
| | - Sagnik Nag
- Department of Bio-Sciences, School of Biosciences & Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Tiruvalam Rd, 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mohammed Gulzar Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Yenepoya Pharmacy College & Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore 575018, Karnataka, India
| | - Karthika Paul
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (JSSAHER), Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India
| | - Lalitkumar K Vora
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
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10
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Taravatfard AZ, Ceballos-Gonzalez C, Siddique AB, Bolivar-Monsalve J, Madadelahi M, Trujillo-de Santiago G, Moisés Alvarez M, Pramanick AK, Martinez Guerra E, Kulinsky L, Madou MJ, Martinez SO, Ray M. Nitrogen-functionalized graphene quantum dot incorporated GelMA microgels as fluorescent 3D-tissue Constructs. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:16277-16286. [PMID: 37650749 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr02612d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Biopolymer microgels present many opportunities in biomedicine and tissue engineering. To understand their in vivo behavior in therapeutic interventions, long-term monitoring is critical, which is usually achieved by incorporating fluorescent materials within the hydrogel matrix. Current research is limited due to issues concerning the biocompatibility and instability of the conventional fluorescent species, which also tend to adversely affect the bio-functionality of the hydrogels. Here, we introduce a microfluidic-based approach to generate nitrogen-functionalized graphene quantum dot (NGQD) incorporated gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogel microspheres, capable of long-term monitoring while preserving or enhancing the other favorable features of 3D cell encapsulation. A multilayer droplet-based microfluidic device was designed and fabricated to make monodisperse NGQD-loaded GelMA hydrogel microspheres encapsulating skeletal muscle cells (C2C12). Control over the sizes of microspheres could be achieved by tuning the flow rates in the microfluidic device. Skeletal muscle cells encapsulated in these microgels exhibited high cell viability from day 1 (82.9 ± 6.50%) to day 10 (92.1 ± 3.90%). The NGQD-loaded GelMA microgels encapsulating the cells demonstrated higher metabolic activity compared to the GelMA microgels. Presence of sarcomeric α-actin was verified by immunofluorescence staining on day 10. A fluorescence signal was observed from the NGQD-loaded microgels during the entire period of the study. The investigation reveals the advantages of integrating NGQDs in microgels for non-invasive imaging and monitoring of cell-laden microspheres and presents new opportunities for future therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Zahra Taravatfard
- School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Monterrey, 64849, Mexico.
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | | | - Abu Bakar Siddique
- School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Monterrey, 64849, Mexico.
| | | | - Masoud Madadelahi
- School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Monterrey, 64849, Mexico.
| | - Grissel Trujillo-de Santiago
- Centro de Biotecnología-FEMSA, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
- Departamento de Ingeniería Mecatrónica y Eléctrica, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
| | - Mario Moisés Alvarez
- Centro de Biotecnología-FEMSA, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
- Departamento de Ingeniería Mecatrónica y Eléctrica, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
| | | | - Eduardo Martinez Guerra
- Centro de Investigaciones en Materiales Avanzados, CIMAV Unidad Monterrey, Alianza Norte 202, Apodaca, Nuevo León, C.P. 66628, Mexico
| | - Lawrence Kulinsky
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Marc J Madou
- School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Monterrey, 64849, Mexico.
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Sergio O Martinez
- School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Monterrey, 64849, Mexico.
| | - Mallar Ray
- School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Monterrey, 64849, Mexico.
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11
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Kozan NG, Joshi M, Sicherer ST, Grasman JM. Porous biomaterial scaffolds for skeletal muscle tissue engineering. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1245897. [PMID: 37854885 PMCID: PMC10579822 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1245897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Volumetric muscle loss is a traumatic injury which overwhelms the innate repair mechanisms of skeletal muscle and results in significant loss of muscle functionality. Tissue engineering seeks to regenerate these injuries through implantation of biomaterial scaffolds to encourage endogenous tissue formation and to restore mechanical function. Many types of scaffolds are currently being researched for this purpose. Scaffolds are typically made from either natural, synthetic, or conductive polymers, or any combination therein. A major criterion for the use of scaffolds for skeletal muscle is their porosity, which is essential for myoblast infiltration and myofiber ingrowth. In this review, we summarize the various methods of fabricating porous biomaterial scaffolds for skeletal muscle regeneration, as well as the various types of materials used to make these scaffolds. We provide guidelines for the fabrication of scaffolds based on functional requirements of skeletal muscle tissue, and discuss the general state of the field for skeletal muscle tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jonathan M. Grasman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, United States
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12
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Ziai Y, Zargarian SS, Rinoldi C, Nakielski P, Sola A, Lanzi M, Truong YB, Pierini F. Conducting polymer-based nanostructured materials for brain-machine interfaces. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 15:e1895. [PMID: 37141863 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
As scientists discovered that raw neurological signals could translate into bioelectric information, brain-machine interfaces (BMI) for experimental and clinical studies have experienced massive growth. Developing suitable materials for bioelectronic devices to be used for real-time recording and data digitalizing has three important necessitates which should be covered. Biocompatibility, electrical conductivity, and having mechanical properties similar to soft brain tissue to decrease mechanical mismatch should be adopted for all materials. In this review, inorganic nanoparticles and intrinsically conducting polymers are discussed to impart electrical conductivity to systems, where soft materials such as hydrogels can offer reliable mechanical properties and a biocompatible substrate. Interpenetrating hydrogel networks offer more mechanical stability and provide a path for incorporating polymers with desired properties into one strong network. Promising fabrication methods, like electrospinning and additive manufacturing, allow scientists to customize designs for each application and reach the maximum potential for the system. In the near future, it is desired to fabricate biohybrid conducting polymer-based interfaces loaded with cells, giving the opportunity for simultaneous stimulation and regeneration. Developing multi-modal BMIs, Using artificial intelligence and machine learning to design advanced materials are among the future goals for this field. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Neurological Disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasamin Ziai
- Department of Biosystems and Soft Matter, Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Seyed Shahrooz Zargarian
- Department of Biosystems and Soft Matter, Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Chiara Rinoldi
- Department of Biosystems and Soft Matter, Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paweł Nakielski
- Department of Biosystems and Soft Matter, Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Antonella Sola
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Manufacturing Business Unit, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Massimiliano Lanzi
- Department of Industrial Chemistry "Toso Montanari", University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Yen Bach Truong
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Manufacturing Business Unit, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Filippo Pierini
- Department of Biosystems and Soft Matter, Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
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13
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de Barros NR, Gomez A, Ermis M, Falcone N, Haghniaz R, Young P, Gao Y, Aquino AF, Li S, Niu S, Chen R, Huang S, Zhu Y, Eliahoo P, Sun A, Khorsandi D, Kim J, Kelber J, Khademhosseini A, Kim HJ, Li B. Gelatin methacryloyl and Laponite bioink for 3D bioprinted organotypic tumor modeling. Biofabrication 2023; 15:10.1088/1758-5090/ace0db. [PMID: 37348491 PMCID: PMC10683563 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ace0db] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D)in vitrotumor models that can capture the pathophysiology of human tumors are essential for cancer biology and drug development. However, simulating the tumor microenvironment is still challenging because it consists of a heterogeneous mixture of various cellular components and biological factors. In this regard, current extracellular matrix (ECM)-mimicking hydrogels used in tumor tissue engineering lack physical interactions that can keep biological factors released by encapsulated cells within the hydrogel and improve paracrine interactions. Here, we developed a nanoengineered ion-covalent cross-linkable bioink to construct 3D bioprinted organotypic tumor models. The bioink was designed to implement the tumor ECM by creating an interpenetrating network composed of gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA), a light cross-linkable polymer, and synthetic nanosilicate (Laponite) that exhibits a unique ionic charge to improve retention of biological factors released by the encapsulated cells and assist in paracrine signals. The physical properties related to printability were evaluated to analyze the effect of Laponite hydrogel on bioink. Low GelMA (5%) with high Laponite (2.5%-3.5%) composite hydrogels and high GelMA (10%) with low Laponite (1.0%-2.0%) composite hydrogels showed acceptable mechanical properties for 3D printing. However, a low GelMA composite hydrogel with a high Laponite content could not provide acceptable cell viability. Fluorescent cell labeling studies showed that as the proportion of Laponite increased, the cells became more aggregated to form larger 3D tumor structures. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and western blot experiments showed that an increase in the Laponite ratio induces upregulation of growth factor and tissue remodeling-related genes and proteins in tumor cells. In contrast, cell cycle and proliferation-related genes were downregulated. On the other hand, concerning fibroblasts, the increase in the Laponite ratio indicated an overall upregulation of the mesenchymal phenotype-related genes and proteins. Our study may provide a rationale for using Laponite-based hydrogels in 3D cancer modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natan Roberto de Barros
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI), 1018 Westwood Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90024, United States of America
| | - Alejandro Gomez
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI), 1018 Westwood Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90024, United States of America
- Autonomy Research Center for STEAHM (ARCS), California State University, Northridge, CA 91324, United States of America
- Department of Biology, California State University, Northridge, CA 91330, United States of America
| | - Menekse Ermis
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI), 1018 Westwood Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90024, United States of America
- Department of Biology, Baylor University, 101 Bagby Ave, TX 76706, United Ustates of America
| | - Natashya Falcone
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI), 1018 Westwood Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90024, United States of America
| | - Reihaneh Haghniaz
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI), 1018 Westwood Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90024, United States of America
| | - Patric Young
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI), 1018 Westwood Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90024, United States of America
| | - Yaqi Gao
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI), 1018 Westwood Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90024, United States of America
- Autonomy Research Center for STEAHM (ARCS), California State University, Northridge, CA 91324, United States of America
| | - Albert-Fred Aquino
- Department of Biology, California State University, Northridge, CA 91330, United States of America
| | - Siyuan Li
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI), 1018 Westwood Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90024, United States of America
- Autonomy Research Center for STEAHM (ARCS), California State University, Northridge, CA 91324, United States of America
- METU Center of Excellence in Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Siyi Niu
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI), 1018 Westwood Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90024, United States of America
- Autonomy Research Center for STEAHM (ARCS), California State University, Northridge, CA 91324, United States of America
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, United States of America
| | - RunRun Chen
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI), 1018 Westwood Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90024, United States of America
- Autonomy Research Center for STEAHM (ARCS), California State University, Northridge, CA 91324, United States of America
| | - Shuyi Huang
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI), 1018 Westwood Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90024, United States of America
- Autonomy Research Center for STEAHM (ARCS), California State University, Northridge, CA 91324, United States of America
| | - Yangzhi Zhu
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI), 1018 Westwood Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90024, United States of America
| | - Payam Eliahoo
- Department of Biology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, United States of America
| | - Arthur Sun
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI), 1018 Westwood Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90024, United States of America
- Autonomy Research Center for STEAHM (ARCS), California State University, Northridge, CA 91324, United States of America
- College of Pharmacy, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Danial Khorsandi
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI), 1018 Westwood Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90024, United States of America
| | - Jinjoo Kim
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI), 1018 Westwood Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90024, United States of America
| | - Jonathan Kelber
- Department of Biology, California State University, Northridge, CA 91330, United States of America
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States of America
| | - Ali Khademhosseini
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI), 1018 Westwood Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90024, United States of America
| | - Han-Jun Kim
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI), 1018 Westwood Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90024, United States of America
- College of Pharmacy, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Bingbing Li
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI), 1018 Westwood Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90024, United States of America
- Autonomy Research Center for STEAHM (ARCS), California State University, Northridge, CA 91324, United States of America
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14
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Samandari M, Saeedinejad F, Quint J, Chuah SXY, Farzad R, Tamayol A. Repurposing biomedical muscle tissue engineering for cellular agriculture: challenges and opportunities. Trends Biotechnol 2023; 41:887-906. [PMID: 36914431 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2023.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
Abstract
Cellular agriculture is an emerging field rooted in engineering meat-mimicking cell-laden structures using tissue engineering practices that have been developed for biomedical applications, including regenerative medicine. Research and industrial efforts are focused on reducing the cost and improving the throughput of cultivated meat (CM) production using these conventional practices. Due to key differences in the goals of muscle tissue engineering for biomedical versus food applications, conventional strategies may not be economically and technologically viable or socially acceptable. In this review, these two fields are critically compared, and the limitations of biomedical tissue engineering practices in achieving the important requirements of food production are discussed. Additionally, the possible solutions and the most promising biomanufacturing strategies for cellular agriculture are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Farnoosh Saeedinejad
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Jacob Quint
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Sharon Xin Ying Chuah
- Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, Florida Sea Grant and Global Food Systems Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Razieh Farzad
- Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, Florida Sea Grant and Global Food Systems Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| | - Ali Tamayol
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT, USA.
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15
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Li X, Xu M, Geng Z, Liu Y. Functional hydrogels for the repair and regeneration of tissue defects. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1190171. [PMID: 37260829 PMCID: PMC10227617 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1190171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue defects can be accompanied by functional impairments that affect the health and quality of life of patients. Hydrogels are three-dimensional (3D) hydrophilic polymer networks that can be used as bionic functional tissues to fill or repair damaged tissue as a promising therapeutic strategy in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. This paper summarises and discusses four outstanding advantages of hydrogels and their applications and advances in the repair and regeneration of tissue defects. First, hydrogels have physicochemical properties similar to the extracellular matrix of natural tissues, providing a good microenvironment for cell proliferation, migration and differentiation. Second, hydrogels have excellent shape adaptation and tissue adhesion properties, allowing them to be applied to a wide range of irregularly shaped tissue defects and to adhere well to the defect for sustained and efficient repair function. Third, the hydrogel is an intelligent delivery system capable of releasing therapeutic agents on demand. Hydrogels are capable of delivering therapeutic reagents and releasing therapeutic substances with temporal and spatial precision depending on the site and state of the defect. Fourth, hydrogels are self-healing and can maintain their integrity when damaged. We then describe the application and research progress of functional hydrogels in the repair and regeneration of defects in bone, cartilage, skin, muscle and nerve tissues. Finally, we discuss the challenges faced by hydrogels in the field of tissue regeneration and provide an outlook on their future trends.
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16
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Endo Y, Samandari M, Karvar M, Mostafavi A, Quint J, Rinoldi C, Yazdi IK, Swieszkowski W, Mauney J, Agarwal S, Tamayol A, Sinha I. Aerobic exercise and scaffolds with hierarchical porosity synergistically promote functional recovery post volumetric muscle loss. Biomaterials 2023; 296:122058. [PMID: 36841214 PMCID: PMC10085854 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
Volumetric muscle loss (VML), which refers to a composite skeletal muscle defect, most commonly heals by scarring and minimal muscle regeneration but substantial fibrosis. Current surgical interventions and physical therapy techniques are limited in restoring muscle function following VML. Novel tissue engineering strategies may offer an option to promote functional muscle recovery. The present study evaluates a colloidal scaffold with hierarchical porosity and controlled mechanical properties for the treatment of VML. In addition, as VML results in an acute decrease in insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), a myogenic factor, the scaffold was designed to slowly release IGF-1 following implantation. The foam-like scaffold is directly crosslinked onto remnant muscle without the need for suturing. In situ 3D printing of IGF-1-releasing porous muscle scaffold onto VML injuries resulted in robust tissue ingrowth, improved muscle repair, and increased muscle strength in a murine VML model. Histological analysis confirmed regeneration of new muscle in the engineered scaffolds. In addition, the scaffolds significantly reduced fibrosis and increased the expression of neuromuscular junctions in the newly regenerated tissue. Exercise training, when combined with the engineered scaffolds, augmented the treatment outcome in a synergistic fashion. These data suggest highly porous scaffolds and exercise therapy, in combination, may be a treatment option following VML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yori Endo
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Mohamadmahdi Samandari
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT, 06269, USA
| | - Mehran Karvar
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Azadeh Mostafavi
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Jacob Quint
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT, 06269, USA
| | - Chiara Rinoldi
- Materials Design Division, Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, 02-507, Poland
| | - Iman K Yazdi
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Wojciech Swieszkowski
- Materials Design Division, Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, 02-507, Poland
| | - Joshua Mauney
- Department of Urology and Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92868, USA
| | - Shailesh Agarwal
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Ali Tamayol
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT, 06269, USA; Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA.
| | - Indranil Sinha
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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17
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Ghanbariamin D, Samandari M, Ghelich P, Shahbazmohamadi S, Schmidt TA, Chen Y, Tamayol A. Cleanroom-Free Fabrication of Microneedles for Multimodal Drug Delivery. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023:e2207131. [PMID: 37026428 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202207131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Microneedles have recently emerged as a powerful tool for minimally invasive drug delivery and body fluid sampling. To date, high-resolution fabrication of microneedle arrays (MNAs) is mostly achieved by the utilization of sophisticated facilities and expertise. Particularly, hollow microneedles have usually been manufactured in cleanrooms out of silicon, resin, or metallic materials. Such strategies do not support the fabrication of microneedles from biocompatible/biodegradable materials and limit the capability of multimodal drug delivery for the controlled release of different therapeutics through a combination of injection and sustained diffusion. This study implements low-cost 3D printers to fabricate relatively large needle arrays, followed by repeatable shrink-molding of hydrogels to form high-resolution molds for solid and hollow MNAs with controllable sizes. The developed strategy further enables modulating surface topography of MNAs to tailor their surface area and instantaneous wettability for controllable drug delivery and body fluid sampling. Hybrid gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA)/polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA) MNAs are fabricated using the developed strategy that can easily penetrate the skin and enable multimodal drug delivery. The proposed method holds promise for affordable, controllable, and scalable fabrication of MNAs by researchers and clinicians for controlled spatiotemporal administration of therapeutics and sample collection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delaram Ghanbariamin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
| | - Mohamadmahdi Samandari
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
| | - Pejman Ghelich
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
| | - Sina Shahbazmohamadi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
| | - Tannin A Schmidt
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
| | - Yupeng Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
| | - Ali Tamayol
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
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18
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Sedigh A, Ghelich P, Quint J, Mollocana-Lara EC, Samandari M, Tamayol A, Tomlinson RE. Approximating scaffold printability utilizing computational methods. Biofabrication 2023; 15:10.1088/1758-5090/acbbf0. [PMID: 36787632 PMCID: PMC10123880 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/acbbf0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Bioprinting facilitates the generation of complex, three-dimensional (3D), cell-based constructs for various applications. Although multiple bioprinting technologies have been developed, extrusion-based systems have become the dominant technology due to the diversity of materials (bioinks) that can be utilized, either individually or in combination. However, each bioink has unique material properties and extrusion characteristics that affect bioprinting utility, accuracy, and precision. Here, we have extended our previous work to achieve high precision (i.e. repeatability) and printability across samples by optimizing bioink-specific printing parameters. Specifically, we hypothesized that a fuzzy inference system (FIS) could be used as a computational method to address the imprecision in 3D bioprinting test data and uncover the optimal printing parameters for a specific bioink that result in high accuracy and precision. To test this hypothesis, we have implemented a FIS model consisting of four inputs (bioink concentration, printing flow rate, speed, and temperature) and two outputs to quantify the precision (scaffold bioprinted linewidth variance) and printability. We validate our use of the bioprinting precision index with both standard and normalized printability factors. Finally, we utilize optimized printing parameters to bioprint scaffolds containing up to 30 × 106cells ml-1with high printability and precision. In total, our results indicate that computational methods are a cost-efficient measure to improve the precision and robustness of extrusion 3D bioprinting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashkan Sedigh
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Pejman Ghelich
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT, United States of America
| | - Jacob Quint
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT, United States of America
| | - Evelyn C Mollocana-Lara
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT, United States of America
| | - Mohamadmahdi Samandari
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT, United States of America
| | - Ali Tamayol
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT, United States of America
| | - Ryan E Tomlinson
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
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19
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Lv B, Lu L, Hu L, Cheng P, Hu Y, Xie X, Dai G, Mi B, Liu X, Liu G. Recent advances in GelMA hydrogel transplantation for musculoskeletal disorders and related disease treatment. Theranostics 2023; 13:2015-2039. [PMID: 37064871 PMCID: PMC10091878 DOI: 10.7150/thno.80615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing data reveals that gelatin that has been methacrylated is involved in a variety of physiologic processes that are important for therapeutic interventions. Gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogel is a highly attractive hydrogels-based bioink because of its good biocompatibility, low cost, and photo-cross-linking structure that is useful for cell survivability and cell monitoring. Methacrylated gelatin (GelMA) has established itself as a typical hydrogel composition with extensive biomedical applications. Recent advances in GelMA have focused on integrating them with bioactive and functional nanomaterials, with the goal of improving GelMA's physical, chemical, and biological properties. GelMA's ability to modify characteristics due to the synthesis technique also makes it a good choice for soft and hard tissues. GelMA has been established to become an independent or supplementary technology for musculoskeletal problems. Here, we systematically review mechanism-of-action, therapeutic uses, and challenges and future direction of GelMA in musculoskeletal disorders. We give an overview of GelMA nanocomposite for different applications in musculoskeletal disorders, such as osteoarthritis, intervertebral disc degeneration, bone regeneration, tendon disorders and so on.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Lv
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 P.R. China
| | - Li Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 P.R. China
| | - Liangcong Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 P.R. China
| | - Peng Cheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 P.R. China
| | - Yiqiang Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 P.R. China
| | - Xudong Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 P.R. China
| | - Guandong Dai
- Pingshan District People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Pingshan General Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, 518118 P.R. China
| | - Bobin Mi
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 P.R. China
- ✉ Corresponding author: Bobin Mi, ; Xin Liu, ; Guohui Liu,
| | - Xin Liu
- Third School of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028 P.R. China
- ✉ Corresponding author: Bobin Mi, ; Xin Liu, ; Guohui Liu,
| | - Guohui Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 P.R. China
- ✉ Corresponding author: Bobin Mi, ; Xin Liu, ; Guohui Liu,
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20
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Samandari M, Mostafavi A, Quint J, Memić A, Tamayol A. In situ bioprinting: intraoperative implementation of regenerative medicine. Trends Biotechnol 2022; 40:1229-1247. [PMID: 35483990 PMCID: PMC9481658 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2022.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Bioprinting has emerged as a strong tool for devising regenerative therapies to address unmet medical needs. However, the translation of conventional in vitro bioprinting approaches is partially hindered due to challenges associated with the fabrication and implantation of irregularly shaped scaffolds and their limited accessibility for immediate treatment by healthcare providers. An alternative strategy that has recently drawn significant attention is to directly print the bioink into the patient's body, so-called 'in situ bioprinting'. The bioprinting strategy and the associated bioink need to be specifically designed for in situ bioprinting to meet the particular requirements of direct deposition in vivo. In this review, we discuss the developed in situ bioprinting strategies, their advantages, challenges, and possible future improvements.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Azadeh Mostafavi
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Jacob Quint
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Adnan Memić
- Center of Nanotechnology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Tamayol
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT, USA; Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA.
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21
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Musarraf Hussain M, Asiri AM, Hasnat MA, Ben Aoun S, Rahman MM. Detection of Acetylcholine in an Enzyme‐Free System Based on a GCE/V2O5 NRs/BPM Modified Sensor. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202200079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Musarraf Hussain
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science King Abdulaziz University Jeddah 21589 P.O. Box 80203 Saudi Arabia
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research (CEAMR) King Abdulaziz University Jeddah 21589, P.O. Box 80203 Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Life and Earth Sciences Jagannath University Dhaka 1100 Bangladesh
| | - Abdullah M. Asiri
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science King Abdulaziz University Jeddah 21589 P.O. Box 80203 Saudi Arabia
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research (CEAMR) King Abdulaziz University Jeddah 21589, P.O. Box 80203 Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad A. Hasnat
- Electrochemistry & Catalysis Research Laboratory (ECRL), Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences Shahjalal University of Science and Technology Sylhet 3100 Bangladesh
| | - Sami Ben Aoun
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science Taibah University PO Box 30002 Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed M. Rahman
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science King Abdulaziz University Jeddah 21589 P.O. Box 80203 Saudi Arabia
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research (CEAMR) King Abdulaziz University Jeddah 21589, P.O. Box 80203 Saudi Arabia
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Lukin I, Erezuma I, Maeso L, Zarate J, Desimone MF, Al-Tel TH, Dolatshahi-Pirouz A, Orive G. Progress in Gelatin as Biomaterial for Tissue Engineering. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14061177. [PMID: 35745750 PMCID: PMC9229474 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14061177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering has become a medical alternative in this society with an ever-increasing lifespan. Advances in the areas of technology and biomaterials have facilitated the use of engineered constructs for medical issues. This review discusses on-going concerns and the latest developments in a widely employed biomaterial in the field of tissue engineering: gelatin. Emerging techniques including 3D bioprinting and gelatin functionalization have demonstrated better mimicking of native tissue by reinforcing gelatin-based systems, among others. This breakthrough facilitates, on the one hand, the manufacturing process when it comes to practicality and cost-effectiveness, which plays a key role in the transition towards clinical application. On the other hand, it can be concluded that gelatin could be considered as one of the promising biomaterials in future trends, in which the focus might be on the detection and diagnosis of diseases rather than treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izeia Lukin
- NanoBioCel Research Group, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; (I.L.); (I.E.); (L.M.); (J.Z.)
- Bioaraba, NanoBioCel Research Group, 01009 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Itsasne Erezuma
- NanoBioCel Research Group, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; (I.L.); (I.E.); (L.M.); (J.Z.)
- Bioaraba, NanoBioCel Research Group, 01009 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Lidia Maeso
- NanoBioCel Research Group, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; (I.L.); (I.E.); (L.M.); (J.Z.)
| | - Jon Zarate
- NanoBioCel Research Group, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; (I.L.); (I.E.); (L.M.); (J.Z.)
- Bioaraba, NanoBioCel Research Group, 01009 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Av Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Martin Federico Desimone
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Química y Metabolismo del Fármaco (IQUIMEFA), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica Junín 956, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires 1113, Argentina;
| | - Taleb H. Al-Tel
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Alireza Dolatshahi-Pirouz
- Department of Health Technology, Center for Intestinal Absorption and Transport of Biopharmaceuticals, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs Lyngby, Denmark;
| | - Gorka Orive
- NanoBioCel Research Group, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; (I.L.); (I.E.); (L.M.); (J.Z.)
- Bioaraba, NanoBioCel Research Group, 01009 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Av Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- University Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Oral Implantology-UIRMI (UPV/EHU-Fundación Eduardo Anitua), 01007 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, The Academia, 20 College Road, Discovery Tower, Singapore 169856, Singapore
- Correspondence:
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Chen J, Huang T, Liu R, Wang C, Jiang H, Sun H. Congenital microtia patients: the genetically engineered exosomes released from porous gelatin methacryloyl hydrogel for downstream small RNA profiling, functional modulation of microtia chondrocytes and tissue-engineered ear cartilage regeneration. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:164. [PMID: 35346221 PMCID: PMC8962601 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01352-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) exosomes were previously shown to be effective in articular cartilage repairing. However, whether MSCs exosomes promote mature cartilage formation of microtia chondrocytes and the underlying mechanism of action remains unknown. Additionally, some hurdles, such as the low yield and unsatisfactory therapeutic effects of natural exosomes have emerged when considering the translation of exosomes-therapeutics to clinical practices or industrial production. Herein, we investigated the roles of human adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) exosomes in modulating microtia chondrocytes and the underlying mechanism of action. Special attention was also paid to the mass production and functional modification of ADSCs exosomes.
Results
We firstly used porous gelatin methacryloyl (Porous Gelma) hydrogel with pores size of 100 to 200 μm for 3D culture of passage 2, 4 and 6 ADSCs (P2, P4 and P6 ADSCs, respectively), and obtained their corresponding exosomes (Exo 2, Exo 4 and Exo 6, respectively). In vitro results showed Exo 2 outperformed both Exo 4 and Exo 6 in enhancing cell proliferation and attenuating apoptosis. However, both Exo 4 and Exo 6 promoted chondrogenesis more than Exo 2 did. Small RNA sequencing results indicated Exo 4 was similar to Exo 6 in small RNA profiles and consistently upregulated PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Notably, we found hsa-miR-23a-3p was highly expressed in Exo 4 and Exo 6 compared to Exo 2, and they modulated microtia chondrocytes by transferring hsa-miR-23a-3p to suppress PTEN expression, and consequently to activate PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Then, we designed genetically engineered exosomes by directly transfecting agomir-23a-3p into parent P4 ADSCs and isolated hsa-miR-23a-3p-rich exosomes for optimizing favorable effects on cell viability and new cartilage formation. Subsequently, we applied the engineered exosomes to in vitro and in vivo tissue-engineered cartilage culture and consistently found that the engineered exosomes could enhance cell proliferation, attenuate apoptosis and promote cartilage regeneration.
Conclusions
Taken together, the porous Gelma hydrogel could be applied to exosomes mass production, and functional modification could be achieved by selecting P4 ADSCs as parent cells and genetically modifying ADSCs. Our engineered exosomes are a promising candidate for tissue-engineered ear cartilage regeneration.
Graphical Abstract
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