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Nan X, Wang M, Du J, Liu Y, Cao L, Zhou J, Liu L, Li X. Single vesicle chemistry reveals partial release happens at the mechanical stress-induced exocytosis. Talanta 2024; 271:125637. [PMID: 38237284 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.125637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Neuronal activity can be modulated by mechanical stress in the central nervous system (CNS) in neurodegenerative diseases, for example Alzheimer's disease. However, the impact of mechanical stress on chemical signal transmission, especially the storage and release of neurotransmitter in neuron vesicles, has not been fully clarified. In this study, a nanotip conical carbon fiber microelectrode (CFME) and a disk CFME are placed in and on a cell, respectively. The nanotip conical CFME functions for both the mechanical stress and the quantification of transmitter storage in single vesicles, while the disk CFME is used to monitor the transmitter release during exocytosis induced by mechanical stress at the same cell. By comparing the vesicular transmitter storage with its release during mechanical stress-induced exocytosis at the same cell, we find the release ratio of transmitter in chromaffin cells varies from 27 % to 100 %, while for PC12 cells from 30 % to 100 %. Our results indicate that the exocytosis of cells responding to mechanical stress shows individual difference obviously, with a significant population exhibiting partial release mode. The variation of Ca2+ channels and mechanosensitive ion channels on cell membrane may both contribute to this variation. Our discovery not only shows mechanical stress can change the transmission of cellular chemical signals at the vesicle level, but also provides an important reference perspective for the study of nervous system regulation and nervous system diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoke Nan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs and Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Mengying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry Imaging and Metabolomics (Minzu University of China), National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jinchang Du
- Key Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry Imaging and Metabolomics (Minzu University of China), National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yuying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs and Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Lijiao Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs and Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Junlan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs and Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Luyao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry Imaging and Metabolomics (Minzu University of China), National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xianchan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs and Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China; Department of Preventive Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing, 100081, China.
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2
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Zhou C, Xi X, Liu X, Wen W, Zhang X, Wu Z, Wang S. In situ detection of dopamine in single living cells by molecularly imprinted polymer-functionalized nanoelectrodes. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 257:116332. [PMID: 38677016 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
In situ detection of dopamine (DA) at single-cell level is critical for exploring neurotransmitter-related biological processes and diseases. However, the low content of DA and a variety of distractors with similar oxidation potentials as DA in cells brought great challenges. Here, a sensitive and specific electrochemical nanosensor was proposed for in situ detection of DA in single living cells based on nanodiamond (ND) and molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP)-functionalized carbon fiber nanoelectrode (ND/MIP/CFNE). Due to its excellent electrocatalytic property, ND was modified to the surface of CFNE based on amide bonding. Compared with bare CFNE, ND-modified CFNE can enhance oxidation currents of DA by about 4-fold, improving signal-to-noise ratio and detection sensitivity. MIP was further electropolymerized on the surface of nanoelectrodes to achieve specific capture and recognition of DA, which could avoid the interference of complex matrix and analogs in cells. Taking advantage of the precise positioning capability of a single-cell analyzer and micromanipulator, ND/MIP/CFNE could be precisely inserted into different locations of single cells and monitor oxidation signal of DA. The concentration of DA in the cytoplasm of single pheochromocytoma (PC12) cell was measured to be about 0.4 μM, providing a sensitive and powerful method for single-cell detection. Furthermore, the nanoelectrodes can monitor the fluctuation of intracellular DA under drug stimulation, providing new ideas and methods for new drug development and efficacy evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiyu Zhou
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Precision Synthesis of Small Molecule Pharmaceuticals & Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, PR China
| | - Xiaoxue Xi
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Precision Synthesis of Small Molecule Pharmaceuticals & Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, PR China
| | - Xiong Liu
- Hubei Ecological Environmental Monitoring Center Station, Wuhan, 430000, PR China
| | - Wei Wen
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Precision Synthesis of Small Molecule Pharmaceuticals & Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, PR China.
| | - Xiuhua Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Precision Synthesis of Small Molecule Pharmaceuticals & Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, PR China
| | - Zhen Wu
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Precision Synthesis of Small Molecule Pharmaceuticals & Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, PR China.
| | - Shengfu Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Precision Synthesis of Small Molecule Pharmaceuticals & Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, PR China
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3
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Hettiarachchi P, Niyangoda S, Shigemoto A, Solowiej IJ, Burdette SC, Johnson MA. Caged Zn 2+ Photolysis in Zebrafish Whole Brains Reveals Subsecond Modulation of Dopamine Uptake. ACS Chem Neurosci 2024; 15:772-782. [PMID: 38301116 PMCID: PMC11036533 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.3c00668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Free, ionic zinc (Zn2+) modulates neurotransmitter dynamics in the brain. However, the sub-s effects of transient concentration changes of Zn2+ on neurotransmitter release and uptake are not well understood. To address this lack of knowledge, we have combined the photolysis of the novel caged Zn2+ compound [Zn(DPAdeCageOMe)]+ with fast scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV) at carbon fiber microelectrodes in live, whole brain preparations from zebrafish (Danio rerio). After treating the brain with [Zn(DPAdeCageOMe)]+, Zn2+ was released by application of light that was gated through a computer-controlled shutter synchronized with the FSCV measurements and delivered through a 1 mm fiber optic cable. We systematically optimized the photocage concentration and light application parameters, including the total duration and light-to-electrical stimulation delay time. While sub-s Zn2+ application with this method inhibited DA reuptake, assessed by the first-order rate constant (k) and half-life (t1/2), it had no effect on the electrically stimulated DA overflow ([DA]STIM). Increasing the photocage concentration and light duration progressively inhibited uptake, with maximal effects occurring at 100 μM and 800 ms, respectively. Furthermore, uptake was inhibited 200 ms after Zn2+ photorelease, but no measurable effect occurred after 800 ms. We expect that application of this method to the zebrafish whole brain and other preparations will help expand the current knowledge of how Zn2+ affects neurotransmitter release/uptake in select neurological disease states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piyanka Hettiarachchi
- Department of Chemistry and R.N. Adams Institute for Bioanalytical Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045
| | - Sayuri Niyangoda
- Department of Chemistry and R.N. Adams Institute for Bioanalytical Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045
| | - Austin Shigemoto
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA 01609
| | - Isabel J. Solowiej
- Department of Chemistry and R.N. Adams Institute for Bioanalytical Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045
| | - Shawn C. Burdette
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA 01609
| | - Michael A. Johnson
- Department of Chemistry and R.N. Adams Institute for Bioanalytical Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045
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González Brito R, Montenegro P, Méndez A, Shabgahi RE, Pasquarelli A, Borges R. Analytical Determination of Serotonin Exocytosis in Human Platelets with BDD-on-Quartz MEA Devices. BIOSENSORS 2024; 14:75. [PMID: 38391994 PMCID: PMC10886747 DOI: 10.3390/bios14020075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Amperometry is arguably the most widely used technique for studying the exocytosis of biological amines. However, the scarcity of human tissues, particularly in the context of neurological diseases, poses a challenge for exocytosis research. Human platelets, which accumulate 90% of blood serotonin, release it through exocytosis. Nevertheless, single-cell amperometry with encapsulated carbon fibers is impractical due to the small size of platelets and the limited number of secretory granules on each platelet. The recent technological improvements in amperometric multi-electrode array (MEA) devices allow simultaneous recordings from several high-performance electrodes. In this paper, we present a comparison of three MEA boron-doped diamond (BDD) devices for studying serotonin exocytosis in human platelets: (i) the BDD-on-glass MEA, (ii) the BDD-on-silicon MEA, and (iii) the BDD on amorphous quartz MEA (BDD-on-quartz MEA). Transparent electrodes offer several advantages for observing living cells, and in the case of platelets, they control activation/aggregation. BDD-on-quartz offers the advantage over previous materials of combining excellent electrochemical properties with transparency for microscopic observation. These devices are opening exciting perspectives for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalía González Brito
- Pharmacology Unit, Medical School, Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 La Laguna, Spain; (R.G.B.); (P.M.); (A.M.)
| | - Pablo Montenegro
- Pharmacology Unit, Medical School, Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 La Laguna, Spain; (R.G.B.); (P.M.); (A.M.)
| | - Alicia Méndez
- Pharmacology Unit, Medical School, Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 La Laguna, Spain; (R.G.B.); (P.M.); (A.M.)
| | - Ramtin E. Shabgahi
- Institute of Electron Devices and Circuits, Ulm University, 89069 Ulm, Germany; (R.E.S.); (A.P.)
| | - Alberto Pasquarelli
- Institute of Electron Devices and Circuits, Ulm University, 89069 Ulm, Germany; (R.E.S.); (A.P.)
| | - Ricardo Borges
- Pharmacology Unit, Medical School, Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 La Laguna, Spain; (R.G.B.); (P.M.); (A.M.)
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5
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Zhang H, Jiang H, Liu X, Wang X. A review of innovative electrochemical strategies for bioactive molecule detection and cell imaging: Current advances and challenges. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1285:341920. [PMID: 38057043 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Cellular heterogeneity poses a major challenge for tumor theranostics, requiring high-resolution intercellular bioanalysis strategies. Over the past decades, the advantages of electrochemical analysis, such as high sensitivity, good spatio-temporal resolution, and ease of use, have made it the preferred method to uncover cellular differences. To inspire more creative research, herein, we highlight seminal works in electrochemical techniques for biomolecule analysis and bioimaging. Specifically, micro/nano-electrode-based electrochemical techniques enable real-time quantitative analysis of electroactive substances relevant to life processes in the micro-nanostructure of cells and tissues. Nanopore-based technique plays a vital role in biosensing by utilizing nanoscale pores to achieve high-precision detection and analysis of biomolecules with exceptional sensitivity and single-molecule resolution. Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) technology is utilized for real-time monitoring of the behavior and features of individual cancer cells, enabling observation of their dynamic processes due to its capability of providing high-resolution and highly sensitive bioimaging of cells. Particularly, scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) and scanning ion conductance microscopy (SICM) which are widely used in real-time observation of cell surface biological processes and three-dimensional imaging of micro-nano structures, such as metabolic activity, ion channel activity, and cell morphology are introduced in this review. Furthermore, the expansion of the scope of cellular electrochemistry research by innovative functionalized electrodes and electrochemical imaging models and strategies to address future challenges and potential applications is also discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China
| | - Hui Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China.
| | - Xuemei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China.
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6
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Cheng H, Tang Y, Li Z, Guo Z, Heath JR, Xue M, Wei W. Non-Mass Spectrometric Targeted Single-Cell Metabolomics. Trends Analyt Chem 2023; 168:117300. [PMID: 37840599 PMCID: PMC10569257 DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2023.117300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic assays serve as pivotal tools in biomedical research, offering keen insights into cellular physiological and pathological states. While mass spectrometry (MS)-based metabolomics remains the gold standard for comprehensive, multiplexed analyses of cellular metabolites, innovative technologies are now emerging for the targeted, quantitative scrutiny of metabolites and metabolic pathways at the single-cell level. In this review, we elucidate an array of these advanced methodologies, spanning synthetic and surface chemistry techniques, imaging-based methods, and electrochemical approaches. We summarize the rationale, design principles, and practical applications for each method, and underscore the synergistic benefits of integrating single-cell metabolomics (scMet) with other single-cell omics technologies. Concluding, we identify prevailing challenges in the targeted scMet arena and offer a forward-looking commentary on future avenues and opportunities in this rapidly evolving field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanjun Cheng
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA, 98109, United States
| | - Yin Tang
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA, 98109, United States
| | - Zhonghan Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, United States
| | - Zhili Guo
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, United States
| | - James R. Heath
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA, 98109, United States
| | - Min Xue
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, United States
| | - Wei Wei
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA, 98109, United States
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7
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Liu J, Liu YY, Li CS, Cao A, Wang H. Exocytosis of Nanoparticles: A Comprehensive Review. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2215. [PMID: 37570533 PMCID: PMC10421347 DOI: 10.3390/nano13152215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Both biomedical applications and safety assessments of manufactured nanomaterials require a thorough understanding of the interaction between nanomaterials and cells, including how nanomaterials enter cells, transport within cells, and leave cells. However, compared to the extensively studied uptake and trafficking of nanoparticles (NPs) in cells, less attention has been paid to the exocytosis of NPs. Yet exocytosis is an indispensable process of regulating the content of NPs in cells, which in turn influences, even decides, the toxicity of NPs to cells. A comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms and influencing factors of the exocytosis of NPs is not only essential for the safety assessment of NPs but also helpful for guiding the design of safe and highly effective NP-based materials for various purposes. Herein, we review the current status and progress of studies on the exocytosis of NPs. Firstly, we introduce experimental procedures and considerations. Then, exocytosis mechanisms/pathways are summarized with a detailed introduction of the main pathways (lysosomal and endoplasmic reticulum/Golgi pathway) and the role of microtubules; the patterns of exocytosis kinetics are presented and discussed. Subsequently, the influencing factors (initial content and location of intracellular NPs, physiochemical properties of NPs, cell type, and extracellular conditions) are fully discussed. Although there are inconsistent results, some rules are obtained, like smaller and charged NPs are more easily excreted. Finally, the challenges and future directions in the field have been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Haifang Wang
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
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8
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Cho W, Yoon SH, Chung TD. Streamlining the interface between electronics and neural systems for bidirectional electrochemical communication. Chem Sci 2023; 14:4463-4479. [PMID: 37152246 PMCID: PMC10155913 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc00338h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Seamless neural interfaces conjoining neurons and electrochemical devices hold great potential for highly efficient signal transmission across neural systems and the external world. Signal transmission through chemical sensing and stimulation via electrochemistry is remarkable because communication occurs through the same chemical language of neurons. Emerging strategies based on synaptic interfaces, iontronics-based neuromodulation, and improvements in selective neurosensing techniques have been explored to achieve seamless integration and efficient neuro-electronics communication. Synaptic interfaces can directly exchange signals to and from neurons, in a similar manner to that of chemical synapses. Hydrogel-based iontronic chemical delivery devices are operationally compatible with neural systems for improved neuromodulation. In this perspective, we explore developments to improve the interface between neurons and electrodes by targeting neurons or sub-neuronal regions including synapses. Furthermore, recent progress in electrochemical neurosensing and iontronics-based chemical delivery is examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wonkyung Cho
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Heui Yoon
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Taek Dong Chung
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
- Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technology Suwon-si 16229 Gyeonggi-do Republic of Korea
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9
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Borges R, Gu C, Machado JD, Ewing AG. The dynamic nature of exocytosis from large secretory vesicles. A view from electrochemistry and imaging. Cell Calcium 2023; 110:102699. [PMID: 36708611 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2023.102699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
In this brief review, we discuss the factors that modulate the quantum size and the kinetics of exocytosis. We also discuss the determinants which motivate the type of exocytosis from the so-called kiss-and-run to full fusion and along the intermediate mode of partial release. Kiss-and-run release comprises the transient opening of a nanometer (approx. 2 nm diameter) fusion pore between vesicle and plasma membrane allowing a small amount of release. Partial release comprises a larger more extended opening of the pore to allow a larger fraction of released vesicle content and is what is observed as normal full release in most electrochemical measurements. Partial release appears to be dominant in dense core vesicles and perhaps synaptic vesicles. The concept of partial release leads to the fraction released as a plastic component of exocytosis. Partial vesicular distension and the kinetics of exocytosis can be modulated by second messengers, physiological modulators, and drugs. This concept adds a novel point of regulation for the exocytotic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Borges
- Pharmacology Unit, Medical School, Universidad de la Laguna, Tenerife. Spain
| | - Chaoyi Gu
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - José-David Machado
- Pharmacology Unit, Medical School, Universidad de la Laguna, Tenerife. Spain
| | - Andrew G Ewing
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
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10
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Majdi S, Lima AS, Ewing AG. Vesicle Collision Protocols for the Study of Quantum Size and Exocytotic Fraction Released. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2565:223-237. [PMID: 36205898 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2671-9_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We review the methods of vesicle impact electrochemical cytometry, intracellular impact electrochemical cytometry, and single cell amperometry and their application to measuring the storage of neurotransmitters in cellular vesicles. We provide protocols to measure vesicle content, the release of catecholamines, and from there the fraction of transmitter released in each exocytosis event. The focus here has been a combination of methods to evaluate factors related to neuronal function at the cellular level and implications in, for example, cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soodabeh Majdi
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Alex S Lima
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Andrew G Ewing
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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11
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Gonçalves PP, Stenovec M, Grácio L, Kreft M, Zorec R. Calcium-dependent subquantal peptide release from single docked lawn-resident vesicles of pituitary lactotrophs. Cell Calcium 2023; 109:102687. [PMID: 36528978 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2022.102687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Regulated exocytosis consists of the fusion between vesicles and the plasma membranes, leading to the formation of a narrow fusion pore through which secretions exit the vesicle lumen into the extracellular space. An increase in the cytosolic concentration of free Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) is considered the stimulus of this process. However, whether this mechanism can be preserved in a simplified system of membrane lawns with docked secretory vesicles, devoid of cellular components, is poorly understood. Here, we studied peptide discharge from individual secretory vesicles docked at the plasma membrane, prepared from primary endocrine pituitary cells (the lactotrophs), releasing hormone prolactin. To label secretory vesicles, we transfected lactotrophs to express the fluorescent atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP.emd), previously shown to be expressed in and released from prolactin-containing vesicles. We used stimulating solutions containing different [Ca2+] to evoke vesicle peptide discharge, which appeared similar in membrane lawns and in intact stimulated lactotrophs. All vesicles examined discharged peptides in a subquantal manner, either exhibiting a unitary or sequential time course. In the membrane lawns, the unitary vesicle peptide discharge was predominant and slightly slower than that recorded in intact cells, but with a shorter delay with respect to the stimulation onset. This study revealed directly that Ca2+ triggers peptide discharge from docked single vesicles in the membrane lawns with a half-maximal response of ∼8 µM [Ca2+], consistent with previous whole-cell patch-clamp studies in endocrine cells where the rapid component of exocytosis, interpreted to represent docked vesicles, was fully activated at <10 µM [Ca2+]. Interestingly, the sequential subquantal peptide vesicle discharge indicates that fluctuations between constricted and dilated fusion pore states are preserved in membrane lawns and that fusion pore regulation appears to be an autonomously controlled process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula P Gonçalves
- CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Matjaž Stenovec
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology-Molecular Cell Physiology, Institute of Pathophysiology, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Medicine, Zaloška 4, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Laboratory of Cell Engineering, Celica Biomedical, Tehnološki Park 24, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Luciano Grácio
- CRACS & INESC-TEC - Centre for Research in Advanced Computing Systems & Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering, Technology and Science, Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Marko Kreft
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology-Molecular Cell Physiology, Institute of Pathophysiology, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Medicine, Zaloška 4, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Laboratory of Cell Engineering, Celica Biomedical, Tehnološki Park 24, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Department of Biology, University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Robert Zorec
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology-Molecular Cell Physiology, Institute of Pathophysiology, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Medicine, Zaloška 4, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Laboratory of Cell Engineering, Celica Biomedical, Tehnološki Park 24, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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12
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Zhang Z, Meng C, Hou K, Wang Z, Huang Y, Lü X. The cytological and electrophysiological effects of silver nanoparticles on neuron-like PC12 cells. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0277942. [PMID: 36512588 PMCID: PMC9746933 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0277942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the toxic effects and mechanism of silver nanoparticles (SNPs) on the cytological and electrophysiological properties of rat adrenal pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells. Different concentrations of SNPs (20 nm) were prepared, and the effects of different application durations on the cell viability and electrical excitability of PC12 quasi-neuronal networks were investigated. The effects of 200 μM SNPs on the neurite length, cell membrane potential (CMP) difference, intracellular Ca2+ content, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) difference, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) content of networks were then investigated. The results showed that 200 μM SNPs produced grade 1 cytotoxicity at 48 h of interaction, and the other concentrations of SNPs were noncytotoxic. Noncytotoxic 5 μM SNPs significantly increased electrical excitability, and noncytotoxic 100 μM SNPs led to an initial increase followed by a significant decrease in electrical excitability. Cytotoxic SNPs (200 μM) significantly decreased electrical excitability. SNPs (200 μM) led to decreases in neurite length, MMP difference and ATP content and increases in CMP difference and intracellular Ca2+ and ROS levels. The results revealed that not only cell viability but also electrophysiological properties should be considered when evaluating nanoparticle-induced neurotoxicity. The SNP-induced cytotoxicity mainly originated from its effects on ATP content, cytoskeletal structure and ROS content. The decrease in electrical excitability was mainly due to the decrease in ATP content. ATP content may thus be an important indicator of both cell viability and electrical excitability in PC12 quasi-neuronal networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zequn Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chen Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Kun Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhigong Wang
- Institute of RF- & OE-ICs, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
- Coinnovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
- * E-mail: (ZW); (YH); (XL)
| | - Yan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
- * E-mail: (ZW); (YH); (XL)
| | - Xiaoying Lü
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
- Coinnovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
- * E-mail: (ZW); (YH); (XL)
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Sciurti E, Biscaglia F, Prontera C, Giampetruzzi L, Blasi L, Francioso L. Nanoelectrodes for Intracellular and Intercellular electrochemical detection: working principles, fabrication techniques and applications. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2022.117125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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14
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Hatamie A, He X, Zhang XW, Oomen PE, Ewing AG. Advances in nano/microscale electrochemical sensors and biosensors for analysis of single vesicles, a key nanoscale organelle in cellular communication. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 220:114899. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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15
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Gwon HJ, Lim D, Nam Y, Ahn HS. Quadruple nanoelectrode assembly for simultaneous analysis of multiple redox species and its application to multi-channel scanning electrochemical microscopy. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1226:340287. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.340287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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16
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Liu YL, Zhao YX, Li YB, Ye ZY, Zhang JJ, Zhou Y, Gao TY, Li F. Recent Advances of Nanoelectrodes for Single-Cell Electroanalysis: From Extracellular, Intercellular to Intracellular. JOURNAL OF ANALYSIS AND TESTING 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s41664-022-00223-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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17
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Spontaneous changes in brain striatal dopamine synthesis and storage dynamics ex vivo reveal end-product feedback-inhibition of tyrosine hydroxylase. Neuropharmacology 2022; 212:109058. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2022.109058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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18
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Nguyen TD, Mellander L, Lork A, Thomen A, Philipsen M, Kurczy ME, Phan NT, Ewing AG. Visualization of Partial Exocytotic Content Release and Chemical Transport into Nanovesicles in Cells. ACS NANO 2022; 16:4831-4842. [PMID: 35189057 PMCID: PMC8945366 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c00344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
For decades, "all-or-none" and "kiss-and-run" were thought to be the only major exocytotic release modes in cell-to-cell communication, while the significance of partial release has not yet been widely recognized and accepted owing to the lack of direct evidence for exocytotic partial release. Correlative imaging with transmission electron microscopy and NanoSIMS imaging and a dual stable isotope labeling approach was used to study the cargo status of vesicles before and after exocytosis; demonstrating a measurable loss of transmitter in individual vesicles following stimulation due to partial release. Model secretory cells were incubated with 13C-labeled l-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine, resulting in the loading of 13C-labeled dopamine into their vesicles. A second label, di-N-desethylamiodarone, having the stable isotope 127I, was introduced during stimulation. A significant drop in the level of 13C-labeled dopamine and a reduction in vesicle size, with an increasing level of 127I-, was observed in vesicles of stimulated cells. Colocalization of 13C and 127I- in several vesicles was observed after stimulation. Thus, chemical visualization shows transient opening of vesicles to the exterior of the cell without full release the dopamine cargo. We present a direct calculation for the fraction of neurotransmitter release from combined imaging data. The average vesicular release is 60% of the total catecholamine. An important observation is that extracellular molecules can be introduced to cells during the partial exocytotic release process. This nonendocytic transport process appears to be a general route of entry that might be exploited pharmacologically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tho Duc
Khanh Nguyen
- Department
of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University
of Gothenburg, Gothenburg SE-412 96, Sweden
| | - Lisa Mellander
- Department
of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University
of Gothenburg, Gothenburg SE-412 96, Sweden
| | - Alicia Lork
- Department
of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University
of Gothenburg, Gothenburg SE-412 96, Sweden
| | - Aurélien Thomen
- Department
of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University
of Gothenburg, Gothenburg SE-412 96, Sweden
| | - Mai Philipsen
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers
University of Technology, Gothenburg SE-412 96, Sweden
| | - Michael E. Kurczy
- DMPK,
Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism
(CVRM), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg S-431 83, Sweden
| | - Nhu T.N. Phan
- Department
of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University
of Gothenburg, Gothenburg SE-412 96, Sweden
| | - Andrew G. Ewing
- Department
of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University
of Gothenburg, Gothenburg SE-412 96, Sweden
- E-mail:
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