1
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Chen J, Liu T, Zhang Y, Duan M, Yang Z, Chen M, Wang Y, Zheng L, Zhuang S, Zhang D. One-step time-resolved cascade logic gate microfluidic chip for home testing of SARS-CoV-2 and flu B. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 263:116564. [PMID: 39033655 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Home testing technology strategy is critical for early screening of disease. However, current home testing technologies often require complex processes, which limits their application. In this study, a time-resolved cascade logic gate microfluidic chip (TCLMC) was revealed to enable capillary force-based one-step operation without manual intervention or professional equipment. By analogy with logic gates in the circuit, TCLMC could automatically control the fluid flow and regulate the incubation time to optimize the immunoassay. The limit of detection of TCLMC for SARS-CoV-2 and influenza B virus (Flu B) was 134.94 and 79.17 pg mL-1 within 10 min. Additionally, this study tested saliva samples from 12 Flu B patients and 24 healthy controls to verify its clinical application. The results showed that TCLMC had high sensitivity (100%), specificity (100%), and accuracy (100%). This study provides a new one-step strategy for home testing and demonstrates its great potential in the diagnosis field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwei Chen
- Engineering Research Center of Optical Instrument and System, The Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Modern Optical System, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Environmental Biosafety Instruments and Equipment, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, PR China
| | - Tingting Liu
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Kongjiang Road 1665, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
| | - Yule Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Optical Instrument and System, The Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Modern Optical System, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Environmental Biosafety Instruments and Equipment, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, PR China
| | - Mengnan Duan
- Engineering Research Center of Optical Instrument and System, The Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Modern Optical System, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Environmental Biosafety Instruments and Equipment, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, PR China
| | - Zhijin Yang
- Engineering Research Center of Optical Instrument and System, The Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Modern Optical System, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Environmental Biosafety Instruments and Equipment, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, PR China
| | - Mengya Chen
- Engineering Research Center of Optical Instrument and System, The Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Modern Optical System, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Environmental Biosafety Instruments and Equipment, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, PR China
| | - Yiran Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Optical Instrument and System, The Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Modern Optical System, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Environmental Biosafety Instruments and Equipment, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, PR China
| | - Lulu Zheng
- Engineering Research Center of Optical Instrument and System, The Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Modern Optical System, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Environmental Biosafety Instruments and Equipment, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, PR China.
| | - Songlin Zhuang
- Engineering Research Center of Optical Instrument and System, The Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Modern Optical System, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Environmental Biosafety Instruments and Equipment, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, PR China
| | - Dawei Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Optical Instrument and System, The Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Modern Optical System, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Environmental Biosafety Instruments and Equipment, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
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2
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Gallegos-Martinez S, Zhang YS. A refresh-in-sensing reusable biosensor. NATURE MATERIALS 2024:10.1038/s41563-024-02001-z. [PMID: 39289532 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-024-02001-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Salvador Gallegos-Martinez
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Yu Shrike Zhang
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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3
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Kim J, Son HY, Lee S, Rho HW, Kim R, Jeong H, Park C, Mun B, Moon Y, Jeong E, Lim EK, Haam S. Deep learning-assisted monitoring of trastuzumab efficacy in HER2-Overexpressing breast cancer via SERS immunoassays of tumor-derived urinary exosomal biomarkers. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 258:116347. [PMID: 38723332 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Monitoring drug efficacy is significant in the current concept of companion diagnostics in metastatic breast cancer. Trastuzumab, a drug targeting human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), is an effective treatment for metastatic breast cancer. However, some patients develop resistance to this therapy; therefore, monitoring its efficacy is essential. Here, we describe a deep learning-assisted monitoring of trastuzumab efficacy based on a surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) immunoassay against HER2-overexpressing mouse urinary exosomes. Individual Raman reporters bearing the desired SERS tag and exosome capture substrate were prepared for the SERS immunoassay; SERS tag signals were collected to prepare deep learning training data. Using this deep learning algorithm, various complicated mixtures of SERS tags were successfully quantified and classified. Exosomal antigen levels of five types of cell-derived exosomes were determined using SERS-deep learning analysis and compared with those obtained via quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis. Finally, drug efficacy was monitored via SERS-deep learning analysis using urinary exosomes from trastuzumab-treated mice. Use of this monitoring system should allow proactive responses to any treatment-resistant issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyoung Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Yonsei-ro 50, Seoul, 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Young Son
- Department of Radiology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03772, Republic of Korea; Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03772, Republic of Korea; YUHS-KRIBB Medical Convergence Research Institute, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03772, Republic of Korea; Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Sojeong Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Yonsei-ro 50, Seoul, 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Wook Rho
- Department of Radiology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03772, Republic of Korea
| | - Ryunhyung Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Yonsei-ro 50, Seoul, 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyein Jeong
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Yonsei-ro 50, Seoul, 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Chaewon Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Yonsei-ro 50, Seoul, 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeonggeol Mun
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Yonsei-ro 50, Seoul, 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Yesol Moon
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Yonsei-ro 50, Seoul, 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunji Jeong
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Yonsei-ro 50, Seoul, 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Kyung Lim
- Bionanotechnology Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea; Department of Nanobiotechnology, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea; School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seungjoo Haam
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Yonsei-ro 50, Seoul, 120-749, Republic of Korea.
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4
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Cimmino W, Raucci A, Grosso SP, Normanno N, Cinti S. Enhancing sensitivity towards electrochemical miRNA detection using an affordable paper-based strategy. Anal Bioanal Chem 2024; 416:4227-4236. [PMID: 38902346 PMCID: PMC11271339 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-024-05406-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
In the era of liquid biopsy, microRNAs emerge as promising candidates for the early diagnosis and prognosis of cancer, offering valuable insights into the disease's development. Among all the existing analytical approaches, even if traditional approaches such as the nucleic acid amplification ones have the advantages to be highly sensitive, they cannot be used at the point-of-care, while sensors might be poorly sensitive despite their portability. In order to improve the analytical performance of existing electroanalytical systems, we demonstrate how a simple chromatographic paper-based disk might be useful to rationally improve the sensitivity, depending on the number of preconcentration cycles. A paper-based electrochemical platform for miRNA detection has been developed by modifying a paper-based electrode with a methylene blue (MB)-modified single-stranded sequence (ssDNA) complementary to the chosen miRNA, namely miR-224 that is associated with lung cancer. A detection limit of ca. 0.6 nM has been obtained in spiked human serum samples. To further enhance the sensitivity, an external chromatographic wax-patterned paper-based disk has been adopted to preconcentrate the sample, and this has been demonstrated both in standard and in serum solutions. For each solution, three miR-224 levels have been preconcentrated, obtaining a satisfactory lowering detection limit of ca. 50 pM using a simple and sustainable procedure. This approach opens wide possibilities in the field of analytical and bioanalytical chemistry, being useful not only for electrochemistry but also for other architectures of detection and transduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanda Cimmino
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Ada Raucci
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Sara Pia Grosso
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Nicola Normanno
- IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori "Dino Amadori", Meldola, Italy
| | - Stefano Cinti
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131, Naples, Italy.
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA.
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5
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Romanò S, Angelillo A, Cimmino W, Iaccarino N, Nele V, Campani V, De Rosa G, Cinti S. An Electrochemical Strip to Evaluate and to Discriminate Drug Encapsulation in Lipid Nanovectors. Anal Chem 2024; 96:11651-11656. [PMID: 38979837 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c01997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Lipid nanovectors (LNVs) represent potent and versatile tools in the field of drug delivery for a wide range of medical applications including cancer therapy and vaccines. With this Technical Note, we introduce a novel "portable", easy-to-use, and low-cost strategy for double use: (1) it allows one to both quantify the amount of cargo in LNV formulation and (2) classify the nature of formulation with the aim of chemometrics. In particular, an electrochemical strip, based on a screen-printed electrode, was exploited to detect methylene blue (MB) as the model cargo encapsulated in various liposomes (used as model LNV). The experimental setup, including release of the MB content and its electrochemical quantification were optimized through a multivariate design of experiment (DoE), obtaining a satisfactory 88-95% accuracy in comparison to standard methods. In addition, the use of principal component analysis-linear discriminant analysis (PCA-LDA) highlighted the satisfactory differentiation of liposomes. The combination of portable electroanalysis and multivariate analysis is a potent tool for enhancing quality control in the field of pharmaceutical technologies, and also in the field of diagnostics, this approach might be useful for application toward naturally occurring lipid nanoparticles, i.e., exosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Romanò
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Alessia Angelillo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Wanda Cimmino
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Nunzia Iaccarino
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Valeria Nele
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Virginia Campani
- Department of Life Health Sciences and Health Professions, Link Campus University, Rome 00165, Italy
| | - Giuseppe De Rosa
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Stefano Cinti
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
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6
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Raucci A, Cimmino W, Romanò S, Singh S, Normanno N, Polo F, Cinti S. Electrochemical detection of miRNA using commercial and hand-made screen-printed electrodes: liquid biopsy for cancer management as case of study. ChemistryOpen 2024; 13:e202300203. [PMID: 38333968 PMCID: PMC11230927 DOI: 10.1002/open.202300203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The growth of liquid biopsy, i. e., the possibility of obtaining health information by analysing circulating species (nucleic acids, cells, proteins, and vesicles) in peripheric biofluids, is pushing the field of sensors and biosensors beyond the limit to provide decentralised solutions for nonspecialists. In particular, among all the circulating species that can be adopted in managing cancer evolution, both for diagnostic and prognostic applications, microRNAs have been highly studied and detected. The development of electrochemical devices is particularly relevant for liquid biopsy purposes, and the screen-printed electrodes (SPEs) represent one of the building blocks for producing novel portable devices. In this work, we have taken miR-2115-3p as model target (it is related to lung cancer), and we have developed a biosensor by exploiting the use of a complementary DNA probe modified with methylene blue as redox mediator. In particular, the chosen sensing architecture was applied to serum measurements of the selected miRNA, obtaining a detection limit within the low nanomolar range; in addition, various platforms were interrogated, namely commercial and hand-made SPEs, with the aim of providing the reader with some insights about the optimal platform to be used by considering both the cost and the analytical performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ada Raucci
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 9, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Wanda Cimmino
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 9, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Sabrina Romanò
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 9, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Sima Singh
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 9, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Nicola Normanno
- Cell Biology and Biotherapy Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori (IRCCS) Fondazione Pascale, Via Mariano Semmola 53, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Federico Polo
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Via Torino 155, 30172, Venice, Italy
| | - Stefano Cinti
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 9, 80131, Naples, Italy
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7
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Stibbards-Lyle M, Malinovska J, Badawy S, Schedin P, Rinker KD. Status of breast cancer detection in young women and potential of liquid biopsy. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1398196. [PMID: 38835377 PMCID: PMC11148378 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1398196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Young onset breast cancer (YOBC) is an increasing demographic with unique biology, limited screening, and poor outcomes. Further, women with postpartum breast cancers (PPBCs), cancers occurring up to 10 years after childbirth, have worse outcomes than other young breast cancer patients matched for tumor stage and subtype. Early-stage detection of YOBC is critical for improving outcomes. However, most young women (under 45) do not meet current age guidelines for routine mammographic screening and are thus an underserved population. Other challenges to early detection in this population include reduced performance of standard of care mammography and reduced awareness. Women often face significant barriers in accessing health care during the postpartum period and disadvantaged communities face compounding barriers due to systemic health care inequities. Blood tests and liquid biopsies targeting early detection may provide an attractive option to help address these challenges. Test development in this area includes understanding of the unique biology involved in YOBC and in particular PPBCs that tend to be more aggressive and deadly. In this review, we will present the status of breast cancer screening and detection in young women, provide a summary of some unique biological features of YOBC, and discuss the potential for blood tests and liquid biopsy platforms to address current shortcomings in timely, equitable detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Stibbards-Lyle
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Cellular and Molecular Bioengineering Research Lab, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Julia Malinovska
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Cellular and Molecular Bioengineering Research Lab, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Seleem Badawy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Cellular and Molecular Bioengineering Research Lab, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Pepper Schedin
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Kristina D Rinker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Cellular and Molecular Bioengineering Research Lab, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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8
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Li M, Shi J, Zhang Y, Cui S, Zhang L, Shen Q. ECL cytosensor for sensitive and label-free detection of circulating tumor cells based on hierarchical flower-like gold microstructures. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1303:342505. [PMID: 38609273 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2024.342505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
The development of sensitive and efficient cell sensing strategies to detect circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in peripheral blood is crucial for the early diagnosis and prognostic assessment of cancer clinical treatment. Herein, an array of hierarchical flower-like gold microstructures (HFGMs) with anisotropic nanotips was synthesized by a simple electrodeposition method and used as a capture substrate to construct an ECL cytosensor based on the specific recognition of target cells by aptamers. The complex topography of the HFGMs array not only catalyzed the enhancement of ECL signals, but also induced the cells to generate more filopodia, improving the capture efficiency and shortening the capture time. The effect of topographic roughness on cell growth and adhesion propensity was also investigated, while the cell capture efficiency was proposed to be an important indicator affecting the accuracy of the ECL cytosensor. In addition, the capture of cells on the electrode surface increased the steric hindrance, which caused ECL signal changes in the Ru(bpy)32+ and TPrA system, realizing the quantitative detection of MCF-7 cells. The detection range of the sensor was from 102 to 106 cells mL-1 and the detection limit was 18 cells mL-1. The proposed detection method avoids the process of separation, labeling and counting, which has great potential for sensitive detection in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meixing Li
- State Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Jiawei Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yuhang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Shuaihui Cui
- State Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Qingming Shen
- State Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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9
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Cinti S, Tomassi S, Ciardiello C, Migliorino R, Pirozzi M, Leone A, Di Gennaro E, Campani V, De Rosa G, D'Amore VM, Di Maro S, Donati G, Singh S, Raucci A, Di Leva FS, Kessler H, Budillon A, Marinelli L. Paper-based electrochemical device for early detection of integrin αvβ6 expressing tumors. Commun Chem 2024; 7:60. [PMID: 38514757 PMCID: PMC10957923 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-024-01144-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite progress in the prevention and diagnosis of cancer, current technologies for tumor detection present several limitations including invasiveness, toxicity, inaccuracy, lengthy testing duration and high cost. Therefore, innovative diagnostic techniques that integrate knowledge from biology, oncology, medicinal and analytical chemistry are now quickly emerging in the attempt to address these issues. Following this approach, here we developed a paper-based electrochemical device for detecting cancer-derived Small Extracellular Vesicles (S-EVs) in fluids. S-EVs were obtained from cancer cell lines known to express, at a different level, the αvβ6 integrin receptor, a well-established hallmark of numerous epithelial cancer types. The resulting biosensor turned out to recognize αvβ6-containing S-EVs down to a limit of 0.7*103 S-EVs/mL with a linear range up to 105 S-EVs /mL, and a relative standard deviation of 11%, thus it may represent a novel opportunity for αvβ6 expressing cancers detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Cinti
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Naples, Italy.
| | - Stefano Tomassi
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Chiara Ciardiello
- Experimental Pharmacology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCCS- Fondazione G. Pascale, Via Mariano Semmola, 53, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Rossella Migliorino
- Experimental Pharmacology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCCS- Fondazione G. Pascale, Via Mariano Semmola, 53, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Marinella Pirozzi
- Second Unit, Institute of Experimenal Endocrinology and Oncology "G. Salvatore" (IEOS), National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandra Leone
- Experimental Pharmacology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCCS- Fondazione G. Pascale, Via Mariano Semmola, 53, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Elena Di Gennaro
- Experimental Pharmacology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCCS- Fondazione G. Pascale, Via Mariano Semmola, 53, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Virginia Campani
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe De Rosa
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Maria D'Amore
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Salvatore Di Maro
- Department DiSTABiF, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Vivaldi 43, 81100, Caserta, Italy
| | - Greta Donati
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Sima Singh
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Ada Raucci
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Saverio Di Leva
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Horst Kessler
- Institute for Advanced Study and Center of Integrated Protein Science, Department Chemie, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Alfredo Budillon
- Istituto Nazionale Tumori -IRCCS- Fondazione G. Pascale, Via Mariano Semmola, 53, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Luciana Marinelli
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Naples, Italy.
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10
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Singh S, Raucci A, Cimmino W, Cinti S. Paper-Based Analytical Devices for Cancer Liquid Biopsy. Anal Chem 2024; 96:3698-3706. [PMID: 38377543 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c04478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Liquid biopsies have caused a significant revolution in cancer diagnosis, and the use of point of care (PoC) platforms has the potential to bring liquid biopsy-based cancer detection closer to patients. These platforms provide rapid and on-site analysis by reducing the time between sample collection and results output. The aim of this tutorial content is to provide readers an in-depth understanding regarding the choice of the ideal sensing platform suitable for specific cancer-related biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sima Singh
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Ada Raucci
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Wanda Cimmino
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Stefano Cinti
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
- BAT Center- Interuniversity Center for Studies on Bioinspired Agro-Environmental Technology, University of Napoli Federico II, 80055 Naples, Italy
- Bioelectronics Task Force at University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia 21, 80126 Naples, Italy
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11
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Aydın M, Aydın EB, Sezgintürk MK. Ultrasensitive detection of NSE employing a novel electrochemical immunosensor based on a conjugated copolymer. Analyst 2024; 149:1632-1644. [PMID: 38305417 DOI: 10.1039/d3an01602a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
In the current study a simple and highly specific label-free impedimetric neuron specific enolase (NSE) immunosensor based on a copolymer matrix-coated disposable electrode was designed and tested. The copolymer matrix was prepared using a very conductive EDOT monomer and semi-conductive thiophene-bearing epoxy groups (ThEp), and the combination of the two monomers enhanced the conductivity and protein loading capacity of the electrode surface. The P(ThEp-co-EDOT) copolymer matrix was prepared via a drop-casting process and anti-NSE recognition biomolecules were immobilized directly on the epoxy groups of the copolymer. After the coupling of NSE molecules on the P(ThEp-co-EDOT) copolymer matrix-coated electrode surface, the charge transfer resistance (Rct) of the biosensor changed dramatically. These changes in Rct were proportional to the NSE molecule amounts captured by anti-NSE molecules. Under optimized experimental conditions, the increment in the Rct value was proportional to the NSE concentration over a range of 0.01 to 25 pg mL-1 with a detection limit (LOD) of 2.98 × 10-3 pg mL-1. This copolymer-coated electrode provided a lower LOD than the other biosensors. In addition, the suggested electrochemical immuno-platform showed good selectivity, superior reproducibility, long-term stability, and high recovery of NSE in real serum (95.64-102.20%) and saliva (95.28-105.35%) samples. These results showed that the present system had great potential for electrochemical biosensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammet Aydın
- Namık Kemal University, Scientific and Technological Research Center, Tekirdağ, Turkey.
| | - Elif Burcu Aydın
- Namık Kemal University, Scientific and Technological Research Center, Tekirdağ, Turkey.
| | - Mustafa Kemal Sezgintürk
- Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Faculty of Engineering, Bioengineering Department, Çanakkale, Turkey
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12
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Moro G, Fratte CD, Normanno N, Polo F, Cinti S. Point-of-Care Testing for the Detection of MicroRNAs: Towards Liquid Biopsy on a Chip. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202309135. [PMID: 37672490 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202309135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Point-of-care (PoC) testing is revolutionizing the healthcare sector improving patient care in daily hospital practice and allowing reaching even remote geographical areas. In the frame of cancer management, the design and validation of PoC enabling the non-invasive, rapid detection of cancer markers is urgently required to implement liquid biopsy in clinical practice. Therefore, focusing on stable blood-based markers with high-specificity, such as microRNAs, is of crucial importance. In this work, we highlight the potential impact of circulating microRNAs detection on cancer management and the crucial role of PoC testing devices, especially for low-income countries. A detailed discussion about the challenges that should be faced to promote the technological transfer and clinical use of these tools has been added, to provide the readers with a complete overview of potentialities and current limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Moro
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Montesano 9, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Chiara Dalle Fratte
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Postgraduate School of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Milan "Statale", Via Vanvitelli 32, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicola Normanno
- Cell Biology and Biotherapy Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori (IRCCS), Fondazione Pascale, Via Mariano Semmola, 53, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Federico Polo
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Via Torino 155, 30172, Venice, Italy
- European Centre for Living Technology (ECLT), Ca' Foscari University of Venice Ca' Bottacin, 30124, Venice, Italy
| | - Stefano Cinti
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Montesano 9, 80131, Naples, Italy
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13
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Shen S, Zhang Y, Yang K, Chan H, Li W, Li X, Tian C, Niu Y. Flow-Rate-Insensitive Plasma Extraction by the Stabilization and Acceleration of Secondary Flow in the Ultralow Aspect Ratio Spiral Channel. Anal Chem 2023; 95:18278-18286. [PMID: 38016025 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c04179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Although microfluidic devices have made remarkable strides in blood cell separation, there is still a need for further development and improvement in this area. Herein, we present a novel ultralow aspect ratio (H/W = 1:36) spiral channel microfluidic device with ordered micro-obstacles for sheathless and flow-rate-insensitive blood cell separation. By introducing ordered micro-obstacles into the spiral microchannels, reduced magnitude fluctuations in secondary flow across different loops can be obtained through geometric confinement. As a result, the unique Dean-like secondary flow can effectively enhance the separation efficiency of particles in different sizes ranging from 3 to 15 μm. Compared to most existing microfluidic devices, our system offers several advantages of easy manufacturing, convenient operation, long-term stability, highly efficient performance (up to 99.70% rejection efficiency, including platelets), and most importantly, insensitivity to cell sizes as well as flow rates (allowing for efficient separation of different-sized blood cells in a wide flow rate from 1.00 to 2.50 mL/min). The unique characteristics, such as ultralow aspect ratio, sequential micro-obstacles, and controlled secondary flow, make our device a promising solution for practical plasma extraction in biomedical research and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaofei Shen
- Shanxi Key Lab for Modernization of TCVM, College of Life Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030000, Shanxi, P. R. China
| | - Yali Zhang
- Shanxi Key Lab for Modernization of TCVM, College of Life Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030000, Shanxi, P. R. China
| | - Kai Yang
- Shanxi Key Lab for Modernization of TCVM, College of Life Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030000, Shanxi, P. R. China
| | - Henryk Chan
- Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, U.K
| | - Weiwen Li
- Department of Breast, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen 529000, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoping Li
- Department of Breast, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen 529000, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Chang Tian
- School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Yanbing Niu
- Shanxi Key Lab for Modernization of TCVM, College of Life Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030000, Shanxi, P. R. China
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14
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Singh S, Numan A, Khalid M, Bello I, Panza E, Cinti S. Facile and Affordable Design of MXene-Co 3 O 4 -Based Nanocomposites for Detection of Hydrogen Peroxide in Cancer Cells: Toward Portable Tool for Cancer Management. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2208209. [PMID: 37096900 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202208209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) is a primary reactive oxygen species (ROS) that can act as a chemical signal in developing and progressing serious and life-threatening diseases like cancer. Due to the stressful nature of H2 O2 , there is an urgent need to develop sensitive analytical approaches to be applied to various biological matrices. Herein, a portable point-of-care electrochemical system based on MXene-Co3 O4 nanocomposites to detect H2 O2 in different cancer cell-lines is presented. The developed sensor is affordable, disposable, and highly selective for H2 O2 detection. This approach achieves a dynamic linear range of 75 µm with a LOD of 0.5 µm and a LOQ of 1.6 µm. To improve the practical application, the level of ROS is evaluated both in cancer cell lines MDA-MB-231 and DU145, respectively, to breast and prostate cancers, and in healthy HaCat cells. Moreover, the same cancer cells are treated with transforming growth factor-β1, and MXene-Co3 O4 modified strip is capable to monitorROS variation. The results are satisfactory compared with the cellular ROS fluorescent assay based on DCFH/DCFH-DA. These results open new perspectives for real-time monitoring of cancer progression and the efficacy of the therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sima Singh
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Arshid Numan
- Graphene & Advanced 2D Materials Research Group (GAMRG), School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, 47500, Malaysia
- Sunway Materials Smart Science & Engineering Research Cluster (SMS2E), Sunway University, No. 5, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Sunway, Subang Jaya, Selangor, 47500, Malaysia
| | - Mohammad Khalid
- Graphene & Advanced 2D Materials Research Group (GAMRG), School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, 47500, Malaysia
- Sunway Materials Smart Science & Engineering Research Cluster (SMS2E), Sunway University, No. 5, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Sunway, Subang Jaya, Selangor, 47500, Malaysia
| | - Ivana Bello
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Panza
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Stefano Cinti
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, Naples, 80131, Italy
- BAT Center- Interuniversity Center for Studies on Bioinspired Agro-Environmental Technology, University of Napoli Federico II, Naples, 80055, Italy
- Bioelectronics Task Force at University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia 21, Naples, 80126, Italy
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15
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Adhit KK, Wanjari A, Menon S, K S. Liquid Biopsy: An Evolving Paradigm for Non-invasive Disease Diagnosis and Monitoring in Medicine. Cureus 2023; 15:e50176. [PMID: 38192931 PMCID: PMC10772356 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.50176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Liquid biopsy stands as an innovative instrument in the realm of precision medicine, enabling non-invasive disease diagnosis and the early detection of cancer. Liquid biopsy helps in the extraction of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), circulating tumor cells (CTCs), and cell-free DNA (cfDNA) from blood samples and other body fluids, thereby facilitating disease diagnosis and prediction of high-risk patients. Various techniques such as advanced sequencing methods and biomarker-based cell capture have led to the isolation and study of the different biomarkers such as ctDNA, cfDNA, and CTCs. These biopsies also have immense potential in the early detection and diagnosis of various diseases across all medical specialties, prediction and screening of high-risk cases, and detection of different immune response patterns in response to infectious diseases, and also help in predicting treatment outcomes. Although liquid biopsy has the potential to disrupt the field of medical diagnosis, it is met by various challenges such as limited tumor-derived components, less specificity, and inadequate advancement in methods to isolate biomarkers. Despite all these challenges, liquid biopsies provide the potential to become a minimally invasive method of diagnosis that would facilitate real-time monitoring of patients, which differentiates them from traditional tissue biopsies. This article aims to provide a complete overview of the current technologies, different biomarkers, and body fluids that can be used in liquid biopsy and its clinical applications and the potential impact that liquid biopsy holds in the field of precision medicine, facilitating early diagnosis and prompt management of various diseases and cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanishk K Adhit
- Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Anil Wanjari
- Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Sharanya Menon
- Pathology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Siddhaarth K
- Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
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16
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Zhou C, Liu Y, Li Y, Shi L. Recent advances and prospects in nanomaterials for bacterial sepsis management. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:10778-10792. [PMID: 37901894 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb02220j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial sepsis is a life-threatening condition caused by bacteria entering the bloodstream and triggering an immune response, underscoring the importance of early recognition and prompt treatment. Nanomedicine holds promise for addressing sepsis through improved diagnostics, nanoparticle biosensors for detection and imaging, enhanced antibiotic delivery, combating resistance, and immune modulation. However, challenges remain in ensuring safety, regulatory compliance, scalability, and cost-effectiveness before clinical implementation. Further research is needed to optimize design, efficacy, safety, and regulatory strategies for effective utilization of nanomedicines in bacterial sepsis diagnosis and treatment. This review highlights the significant potential of nanomedicines, including improved drug delivery, enhanced diagnostics, and immunomodulation for bacterial sepsis. It also emphasizes the need for further research to optimize design, efficacy, safety profiles, and address regulatory challenges to facilitate clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyang Zhou
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The People's Hospital of Yuhuan, Taizhou, Zhejiang 317600, China.
| | - Yong Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The People's Hospital of Yuhuan, Taizhou, Zhejiang 317600, China.
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325001, China.
| | - Yuanfeng Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The People's Hospital of Yuhuan, Taizhou, Zhejiang 317600, China.
- Translational Medicine Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China.
| | - Linqi Shi
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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17
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Shen S, Bai H, Wang X, Chan H, Niu Y, Li W, Tian C, Li X. High-Throughput Blood Plasma Extraction in a Dimension-Confined Double-Spiral Channel. Anal Chem 2023; 95:16649-16658. [PMID: 37917001 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c03002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidic technologies enabling the control of secondary flow are essential for the successful separation of blood cells, a process that is beneficial for a wide range of medical research and clinical diagnostics. Herein, we introduce a dimension-confined microfluidic device featuring a double-spiral channel designed to regulate secondary flows, thereby enabling high-throughput isolation of blood for plasma extraction. By integrating a sequence of micro-obstacles within the double-spiral microchannels, the stable and enhanced Dean-like secondary flow across each loop can be generated. This setup consequently prompts particles of varying diameters (3, 7, 10, and 15 μm) to form different focusing states. Crucially, this system is capable of effectively separating blood cells of different sizes with a cell throughput of (2.63-3.36) × 108 cells/min. The concentration of blood cells in outlet 2 increased 3-fold, from 1.46 × 108 to 4.37 × 108, while the number of cells, including platelets, exported from outlets 1 and 3 decreased by a factor of 608. The engineering approach manipulating secondary flow for plasma extraction points to simplicity in fabrication, ease of operation, insensitivity to cell size, high throughput, and separation efficiency, which has potential utility in propelling the development of miniaturized diagnostic devices in the field of biomedical science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaofei Shen
- Shanxi Key Lab for Modernization of TCVM, College of Life Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030000, Shanxi, P. R. China
| | - Hanjie Bai
- Shanxi Key Lab for Modernization of TCVM, College of Life Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030000, Shanxi, P. R. China
| | - Xin Wang
- Shanxi Key Lab for Modernization of TCVM, College of Life Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030000, Shanxi, P. R. China
| | - Henryk Chan
- Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, U.K
| | - Yanbing Niu
- Shanxi Key Lab for Modernization of TCVM, College of Life Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030000, Shanxi, P. R. China
| | - Weiwen Li
- Department of Breast, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen 529000, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Chang Tian
- School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoping Li
- Department of Breast, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen 529000, Guangdong, P. R. China
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18
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Kanani SS, Tsai HY, Algar WR. Quantitative and Multiplexed Chopper-Based Time-Gated Imaging for Bioanalysis on a Smartphone. Anal Chem 2023; 95:13258-13265. [PMID: 37611229 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c02397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Smartphones are emerging platforms for point-of-care diagnostics (POCDs), where the on-board camera is, for example, used to image fluorescence. Many laboratory instruments are capable of time-gated (TG) photoluminescence (PL) measurements─an analytical method leveraged by multiple commercial assay kits. When paired with long-lived PL emitters such as luminescent lanthanide complexes (LLCs), time-gating eliminates background from sample autofluorescence and many other sources. This capability is amenable to minimally processed samples and would thus be useful for POCDs on a smartphone-based platform. Here, we report a double-chopper design for TG PL imaging using a portable, 3D-printed, smartphone-based device. The rotation speed, dimensions, and overlap of the chopper blades and gaps set the timing parameters, with delay times on the order of hundreds of microseconds to milliseconds. The device was capable of quantitative TG imaging of PL from terbium(III) and europium(III) LLCs, including rejection of short-lived PL background from serum and tissue phantoms, spectral and temporal multiplexing, a model time-gated Förster resonance energy transfer (TG-FRET) assay, and imaging of cells. As the first smartphone-based demonstrations of these important analytical capabilities, this work is an important foundation for developing POCD methods based on TG PL imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahil S Kanani
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Hsin-Yun Tsai
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - W Russ Algar
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
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19
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Grasso G, Colella F, Forciniti S, Onesto V, Iuele H, Siciliano AC, Carnevali F, Chandra A, Gigli G, Del Mercato LL. Fluorescent nano- and microparticles for sensing cellular microenvironment: past, present and future applications. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2023; 5:4311-4336. [PMID: 37638162 PMCID: PMC10448310 DOI: 10.1039/d3na00218g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) demonstrates distinct hallmarks, including acidosis, hypoxia, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and altered ion fluxes, which are crucial targets for early cancer biomarker detection, tumor diagnosis, and therapeutic strategies. Various imaging and sensing techniques have been developed and employed in both research and clinical settings to visualize and monitor cellular and TME dynamics. Among these, ratiometric fluorescence-based sensors have emerged as powerful analytical tools, providing precise and sensitive insights into TME and enabling real-time detection and tracking of dynamic changes. In this comprehensive review, we discuss the latest advancements in ratiometric fluorescent probes designed for the optical mapping of pH, oxygen, ROS, ions, and biomarkers within the TME. We elucidate their structural designs and sensing mechanisms as well as their applications in in vitro and in vivo detection. Furthermore, we explore integrated sensing platforms that reveal the spatiotemporal behavior of complex tumor cultures, highlighting the potential of high-resolution imaging techniques combined with computational methods. This review aims to provide a solid foundation for understanding the current state of the art and the future potential of fluorescent nano- and microparticles in the field of cellular microenvironment sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuliana Grasso
- Institute of Nanotechnology, National Research Council (CNR-NANOTEC) c/o Campus Ecotekne, via Monteroni 73100 Lecce Italy
| | - Francesco Colella
- Institute of Nanotechnology, National Research Council (CNR-NANOTEC) c/o Campus Ecotekne, via Monteroni 73100 Lecce Italy
- Department of Mathematics and Physics ''Ennio De Giorgi", University of Salento c/o Campus Ecotekne, via Monteroni 73100 Lecce Italy
| | - Stefania Forciniti
- Institute of Nanotechnology, National Research Council (CNR-NANOTEC) c/o Campus Ecotekne, via Monteroni 73100 Lecce Italy
| | - Valentina Onesto
- Institute of Nanotechnology, National Research Council (CNR-NANOTEC) c/o Campus Ecotekne, via Monteroni 73100 Lecce Italy
| | - Helena Iuele
- Institute of Nanotechnology, National Research Council (CNR-NANOTEC) c/o Campus Ecotekne, via Monteroni 73100 Lecce Italy
| | - Anna Chiara Siciliano
- Institute of Nanotechnology, National Research Council (CNR-NANOTEC) c/o Campus Ecotekne, via Monteroni 73100 Lecce Italy
- Department of Mathematics and Physics ''Ennio De Giorgi", University of Salento c/o Campus Ecotekne, via Monteroni 73100 Lecce Italy
| | - Federica Carnevali
- Institute of Nanotechnology, National Research Council (CNR-NANOTEC) c/o Campus Ecotekne, via Monteroni 73100 Lecce Italy
- Department of Mathematics and Physics ''Ennio De Giorgi", University of Salento c/o Campus Ecotekne, via Monteroni 73100 Lecce Italy
| | - Anil Chandra
- Centre for Research in Pure and Applied Sciences, Jain (Deemed-to-be-university) Bangalore Karnataka 560078 India
| | - Giuseppe Gigli
- Institute of Nanotechnology, National Research Council (CNR-NANOTEC) c/o Campus Ecotekne, via Monteroni 73100 Lecce Italy
- Department of Mathematics and Physics ''Ennio De Giorgi", University of Salento c/o Campus Ecotekne, via Monteroni 73100 Lecce Italy
| | - Loretta L Del Mercato
- Institute of Nanotechnology, National Research Council (CNR-NANOTEC) c/o Campus Ecotekne, via Monteroni 73100 Lecce Italy
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20
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Cinti S, Singh S, Covone G, Tonietti L, Ricciardelli A, Cordone A, Iacono R, Mazzoli A, Moracci M, Rotundi A, Giovannelli D. Reviewing the state of biosensors and lab-on-a- chip technologies: opportunities for extreme environments and space exploration. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1215529. [PMID: 37664111 PMCID: PMC10470837 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1215529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The space race is entering a new era of exploration, in which the number of robotic and human missions to various places in our solar system is rapidly increasing. Despite the recent advances in propulsion and life support technologies, there is a growing need to perform analytical measurements and laboratory experiments across diverse domains of science, while keeping low payload requirements. In this context, lab-on-a-chip nanobiosensors appear to be an emerging technology capable of revolutionizing space exploration, given their low footprint, high accuracy, and low payload requirements. To date, only some approaches for monitoring astronaut health in spacecraft environments have been reported. Although non-invasive molecular diagnostics, like lab-on-a-chip technology, are expected to improve the quality of long-term space missions, their application to monitor microbiological and environmental variables is rarely reported, even for analogous extreme environments on Earth. The possibility of evaluating the occurrence of unknown or unexpected species, identifying redox gradients relevant to microbial metabolism, or testing for specific possible biosignatures, will play a key role in the future of space microbiology. In this review, we will examine the current and potential roles of lab-on-a-chip technology in space exploration and in extreme environment investigation, reporting what has been tested so far, and clarifying the direction toward which the newly developed technologies of portable lab-on-a-chip sensors are heading for exploration in extreme environments and in space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Cinti
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- BAT Center-Interuniversity Center for Studies on Bioinspired Agro-Environmental Technology, University of Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Bioelectronics Task Force at University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Sima Singh
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Covone
- Department of Physics, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Luca Tonietti
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Naples Parthenope, Naples, Italy
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Angelina Cordone
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberta Iacono
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Arianna Mazzoli
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Moracci
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Task Force on Microbiome Studies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, Palermo, Italy
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, National Research Council of Italy, Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandra Rotundi
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Naples Parthenope, Naples, Italy
- INAF-IAPS, Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologie Spaziali, Rome, Italy
| | - Donato Giovannelli
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Task Force on Microbiome Studies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- National Research Council–Institute of Marine Biological Resources and Biotechnologies–CNR-IRBIM, Ancona, Italy
- Earth-Life Science Institute, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan
- Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, United States
- Department of Marine and Coastal Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
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