1
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Hartley B, Bassiouni W, Roczkowsky A, Fahlman R, Schulz R, Julien O. Data-Independent Acquisition Proteomics and N-Terminomics Methods Reveal Alterations in Mitochondrial Function and Metabolism in Ischemic-Reperfused Hearts. J Proteome Res 2024; 23:844-856. [PMID: 38264990 PMCID: PMC10846531 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.3c00754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (IR) (stunning) injury triggers changes in the proteome and degradome of the heart. Here, we utilize quantitative proteomics and comprehensive degradomics to investigate the molecular mechanisms of IR injury in isolated rat hearts. The control group underwent aerobic perfusion, while the IR injury group underwent 20 min of ischemia and 30 min of reperfusion to induce a stunning injury. As MMP-2 activation has been shown to contribute to myocardial injury, hearts also underwent IR injury with ARP-100, an MMP-2-preferring inhibitor, to dissect the contribution of MMP-2 to IR injury. Using data-independent acquisition (DIA) and mass spectroscopy, we quantified 4468 proteins in ventricular extracts, whereby 447 proteins showed significant alterations among the three groups. We then used subtiligase-mediated N-terminomic labeling to identify more than a hundred specific cleavage sites. Among these protease substrates, 15 were identified following IR injury. We identified alterations in numerous proteins involved in mitochondrial function and metabolism following IR injury. Our findings provide valuable insights into the biochemical mechanisms of myocardial IR injury, suggesting alterations in reactive oxygen/nitrogen species handling and generation, fatty acid metabolism, mitochondrial function and metabolism, and cardiomyocyte contraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bridgette Hartley
- Department
of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Wesam Bassiouni
- Department
of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2S2, Canada
| | - Andrej Roczkowsky
- Department
of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2S2, Canada
| | - Richard Fahlman
- Department
of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Richard Schulz
- Department
of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2S2, Canada
- Department
of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2S2, Canada
| | - Olivier Julien
- Department
of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2H7, Canada
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2
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Wang X, Huang Y, Zhang K, Chen F, Nie T, Zhao Y, He F, Ni J. Changes of energy metabolism in failing heart and its regulation by SIRT3. Heart Fail Rev 2023:10.1007/s10741-023-10295-5. [PMID: 36708431 DOI: 10.1007/s10741-023-10295-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is the leading cause of hospitalization in elderly patients and a disease with extremely high morbidity and mortality rate worldwide. Although there are some existing treatment methods for heart failure, due to its complex pathogenesis and often accompanied by various comorbidities, there is still a lack of specific drugs to treat HF. The mortality rate of patients with HF is still high, highlighting an urgent need to elucidate the pathophysiological mechanisms of HF and seek new therapeutic approaches. The heart is an organ with a very high metabolic intensity, mainly using fatty acids, glucose, ketone bodies, and branched-chain amino acids as energy substrates to supply energy for the heart. Loss of metabolic flexibility and metabolic remodeling occurs with HF. Sirtuin3 (SIRT3) is a member of the NAD+-dependent Sirtuin family located in mitochondria, and can participate in mitochondrial physiological functions through the deacetylation of metabolic and respiratory enzymes in mitochondria. As the center of energy metabolism, mitochondria are involved in many physiological processes. Maintaining stable metabolic and physiological functions of the heart depends on normal mitochondrial function. The damage or loss of SIRT3 can lead to various cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, we summarize the recent progress of SIRT3 in cardiac mitochondrial protection and metabolic remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Yuting Huang
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases of Ministry of Education, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Feng Chen
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Tong Nie
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Yun Zhao
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Feng He
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Economic Forest Germplasm Improvement and Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang, 438000, China.
| | - Jingyu Ni
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China.
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3
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Muoio DM, Williams AS, Grimsrud PA. Mitochondrial lysine acylation and cardiometabolic stress: Truth or consequence? CURRENT OPINION IN PHYSIOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cophys.2022.100551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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4
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Cao M, Zhao Q, Sun X, Qian H, Lyu S, Chen R, Xia H, Yuan W. Sirtuin 3: Emerging therapeutic target for cardiovascular diseases. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 180:63-74. [PMID: 35031448 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Acetylation is one of the most important methods of modification that lead to a change in the function of proteins. In humans, metabolic enzymes commonly undergo acetylation, which regulates the activities of metabolic enzymes and metabolic pathways. Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) is a prominent deacetylase that participates in mitochondrial metabolism, redox balance, and mitochondrial dynamics by regulating mitochondrial protein acetylation, thereby protecting mitochondria from damage. Normal mitochondrial function is essential for maintaining the metabolism and function of the heart. Therefore, mitochondrial dysfunction caused by SIRT3 consumption and defects leads to the development of a variety of cardiovascular diseases. A comprehensive understanding of the role of SIRT3 in cardiovascular disease is critical for developing new therapeutic strategies. Herein, we summarize the function of SIRT3 in mitochondria, the complex mechanisms mediating cardiovascular diseases, and the potential value of SIRT3 small-molecule agonists in future clinical treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengfei Cao
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212000, China
| | - Qianru Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212000, China
| | - Xia Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212000, China
| | - Han Qian
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212000, China
| | - Shumei Lyu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212000, China
| | - Rui Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212000, China
| | - Hao Xia
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212000, China
| | - Wei Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212000, China.
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5
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Peng S, Chen H, Chen L, Yang G, Liu J, Cheng X, Tang Y. Beyond Isocitrate Dehydrogenase Mutations: Emerging Mechanisms for the Accumulation of the Oncometabolite 2-Hydroxyglutarate. Chem Res Toxicol 2022; 35:115-124. [PMID: 35018778 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.1c00254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
2-Hydroxyglutarate (2-HG) is an unconventional oncometabolite of α-ketoglutarate. Isocitrate dehydrogenase mutation is generally acknowledged to be the main cause of 2-HG accumulation. In isocitrate dehydrogenase mutant tumors, 2-HG accumulation inhibits α-ketoglutarate/Fe(II)-dependent dioxygenases, resulting in epigenetic alterations. Recently, the increase of 2-HG has also been observed in the cases of mitochondrial dysfunction and hypoxia. In these cases, 2-HG not only inhibits α-ketoglutarate/Fe(II)-dependent dioxygenases to regulate epigenetics but also affects other cellular pathways, such as regulating hypoxia-inducible transcription factors and glycolysis. These provide a new perspective for the study of 2-HG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shufen Peng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Huimin Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Jingjing Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xueer Cheng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yuhan Tang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
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6
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Wang Z, Wang D, Jiang K, Guo Y, Li Z, Jiang R, Han R, Li G, Tian Y, Li H, Kang X, Liu X. A Comprehensive Proteome and Acetyl-Proteome Atlas Reveals Molecular Mechanisms Adapting to the Physiological Changes From Pre-laying to Peak-Laying Stage in Liver of Hens ( Gallus gallus). Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:700669. [PMID: 34746273 PMCID: PMC8566343 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.700669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Along with sexual maturity, the liver undergoes numerous metabolic processes to adapt the physiological changes associated with egg-laying in hens. However, mechanisms regulating the processes were unclear. In this study, comparative hepatic proteome and acetyl-proteome between pre- and peak-laying hens were performed. The results showed that the upregulated proteins were mainly related to lipid and protein biosynthesis, while the downregulated proteins were mainly involved in pyruvate metabolism and were capable of inhibiting gluconeogenesis and lactate synthesis in peak-laying hens compared with that in pre-laying hens. With unchanged expression level, the significant acetylated proteins were largely functioned on activation of polyunsaturated fatty acid oxidation in peroxisome, while the significant deacetylated proteins were principally used to elevate medium and short fatty acid oxidation in mitochondria and oxidative phosphorylation. Most of the proteins which involved in gluconeogenesis, lipid transport, and detoxification were influenced by both protein expression and acetylation. Taken overall, a novel mechanism wherein an alternate source of acetyl coenzyme A was produced by activation of FA oxidation and pyruvate metabolism to meet the increased energy demand and lipid synthesis in liver of laying hens was uncovered. This study provides new insights into molecular mechanism of adaptation to physiological changes in liver of laying hens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dandan Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Keren Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yulong Guo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhuanjian Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou, China.,International Joint Research Laboratory for Poultry Breeding of Henan, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ruirui Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou, China.,International Joint Research Laboratory for Poultry Breeding of Henan, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ruili Han
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou, China.,International Joint Research Laboratory for Poultry Breeding of Henan, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Guoxi Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou, China.,International Joint Research Laboratory for Poultry Breeding of Henan, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yadong Tian
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou, China.,International Joint Research Laboratory for Poultry Breeding of Henan, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hong Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou, China.,International Joint Research Laboratory for Poultry Breeding of Henan, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiangtao Kang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou, China.,International Joint Research Laboratory for Poultry Breeding of Henan, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaojun Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou, China.,International Joint Research Laboratory for Poultry Breeding of Henan, Zhengzhou, China
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7
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Tannous C, Booz GW, Altara R, Muhieddine DH, Mericskay M, Refaat MM, Zouein FA. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide: Biosynthesis, consumption and therapeutic role in cardiac diseases. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2021; 231:e13551. [PMID: 32853469 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) is an abundant cofactor that plays crucial roles in several cellular processes. NAD can be synthesized de novo starting with tryptophan, or from salvage pathways starting with NAD precursors like nicotinic acid (NA), nicotinamide (NAM) or nicotinamide riboside (NR), referred to as niacin/B3 vitamins, arising from dietary supply or from cellular NAD catabolism. Given the interconversion between its oxidized (NAD+ ) and reduced form (NADH), NAD participates in a wide range of reactions: regulation of cellular redox status, energy metabolism and mitochondrial biogenesis. Plus, NAD acts as a signalling molecule, being a cosubstrate for several enzymes such as sirtuins, poly-ADP-ribose-polymerases (PARPs) and some ectoenzymes like CD38, regulating critical biological processes like gene expression, DNA repair, calcium signalling and circadian rhythms. Given the large number of mitochondria present in cardiac tissue, the heart has the highest NAD levels and is one of the most metabolically demanding organs. In several models of heart failure, myocardial NAD levels are depressed and this depression is caused by mitochondrial dysfunction, metabolic remodelling and inflammation. Emerging evidence suggests that regulating NAD homeostasis by NAD precursor supplementation has therapeutic efficiency in improving myocardial bioenergetics and function. This review provides an overview of the latest understanding of the different NAD biosynthesis pathways, as well as its role as a signalling molecule particularly in cardiac tissue. We highlight the significance of preserving NAD equilibrium in various models of heart diseases and shed light on the potential pharmacological interventions aiming to use NAD boosters as therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Tannous
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Faculty of Medicine American University of Beirut Medical Center Beirut Lebanon
| | - George W. Booz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Mississippi Medical Center Jackson MS USA
| | - Raffaele Altara
- Department of Pathology School of Medicine University of Mississippi Medical Center Jackson MS USA
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo Oslo Norway
- KG Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research University of Oslo Oslo Norway
| | - Dina H. Muhieddine
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Faculty of Medicine American University of Beirut Medical Center Beirut Lebanon
| | - Mathias Mericskay
- INSERM Department of Signalling and Cardiovascular Pathophysiology UMR‐S 1180 Université Paris‐Saclay Châtenay‐Malabry France
| | - Marwan M. Refaat
- Department of Internal Medicine Faculty of Medicine American University of Beirut Medical Center Beirut Lebanon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Faculty of Medicine American University of Beirut Medical Center Beirut Lebanon
| | - Fouad A. Zouein
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Faculty of Medicine American University of Beirut Medical Center Beirut Lebanon
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8
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Global analysis of protein degradation in prion infected cells. Sci Rep 2020; 10:10800. [PMID: 32612191 PMCID: PMC7329860 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-67505-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Prion diseases are rare, neurological disorders caused by the misfolding of the cellular prion protein (PrPC) into cytotoxic fibrils (PrPSc). Intracellular PrPSc aggregates primarily accumulate within late endosomes and lysosomes, organelles that participate in the degradation and turnover of a large subset of the proteome. Thus, intracellular accumulation of PrPSc aggregates has the potential to globally influence protein degradation kinetics within an infected cell. We analyzed the proteome-wide effect of prion infection on protein degradation rates in N2a neuroblastoma cells by dynamic stable isotopic labeling with amino acids in cell culture (dSILAC) and bottom-up proteomics. The analysis quantified the degradation rates of more than 4,700 proteins in prion infected and uninfected cells. As expected, the degradation rate of the prion protein is significantly decreased upon aggregation in infected cells. In contrast, the degradation kinetics of the remainder of the N2a proteome generally increases upon prion infection. This effect occurs concurrently with increases in the cellular activities of autophagy and some lysosomal hydrolases. The resulting enhancement in proteome flux may play a role in the survival of N2a cells upon prion infection.
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9
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Zuurbier CJ, Bertrand L, Beauloye CR, Andreadou I, Ruiz‐Meana M, Jespersen NR, Kula‐Alwar D, Prag HA, Eric Botker H, Dambrova M, Montessuit C, Kaambre T, Liepinsh E, Brookes PS, Krieg T. Cardiac metabolism as a driver and therapeutic target of myocardial infarction. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:5937-5954. [PMID: 32384583 PMCID: PMC7294140 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Reducing infarct size during a cardiac ischaemic-reperfusion episode is still of paramount importance, because the extension of myocardial necrosis is an important risk factor for developing heart failure. Cardiac ischaemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is in principle a metabolic pathology as it is caused by abruptly halted metabolism during the ischaemic episode and exacerbated by sudden restart of specific metabolic pathways at reperfusion. It should therefore not come as a surprise that therapy directed at metabolic pathways can modulate IRI. Here, we summarize the current knowledge of important metabolic pathways as therapeutic targets to combat cardiac IRI. Activating metabolic pathways such as glycolysis (eg AMPK activators), glucose oxidation (activating pyruvate dehydrogenase complex), ketone oxidation (increasing ketone plasma levels), hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (O-GlcNAcylation; administration of glucosamine/glutamine) and deacetylation (activating sirtuins 1 or 3; administration of NAD+ -boosting compounds) all seem to hold promise to reduce acute IRI. In contrast, some metabolic pathways may offer protection through diminished activity. These pathways comprise the malate-aspartate shuttle (in need of novel specific reversible inhibitors), mitochondrial oxygen consumption, fatty acid oxidation (CD36 inhibitors, malonyl-CoA decarboxylase inhibitors) and mitochondrial succinate metabolism (malonate). Additionally, protecting the cristae structure of the mitochondria during IR, by maintaining the association of hexokinase II or creatine kinase with mitochondria, or inhibiting destabilization of FO F1 -ATPase dimers, prevents mitochondrial damage and thereby reduces cardiac IRI. Currently, the most promising and druggable metabolic therapy against cardiac IRI seems to be the singular or combined targeting of glycolysis, O-GlcNAcylation and metabolism of ketones, fatty acids and succinate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coert J. Zuurbier
- Department of AnesthesiologyLaboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and AnesthesiologyAmsterdam Infection & ImmunityAmsterdam Cardiovascular SciencesAmsterdam UMCUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Luc Bertrand
- Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et CliniquePole of Cardiovascular ResearchUniversité catholique de LouvainBrusselsBelgium
| | - Christoph R. Beauloye
- Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et CliniquePole of Cardiovascular ResearchUniversité catholique de LouvainBrusselsBelgium
- Cliniques Universitaires Saint‐LucBrusselsBelgium
| | - Ioanna Andreadou
- Laboratory of PharmacologyFaculty of PharmacyNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthensGreece
| | - Marisol Ruiz‐Meana
- Department of CardiologyHospital Universitari Vall d’HebronVall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR)CIBER‐CVUniversitat Autonoma de Barcelona and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red‐CVMadridSpain
| | | | | | - Hiran A. Prag
- Department of MedicineUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Hans Eric Botker
- Department of CardiologyAarhus University HospitalAarhus NDenmark
| | - Maija Dambrova
- Pharmaceutical PharmacologyLatvian Institute of Organic SynthesisRigaLatvia
| | - Christophe Montessuit
- Department of Pathology and ImmunologyUniversity of Geneva School of MedicineGenevaSwitzerland
| | - Tuuli Kaambre
- Laboratory of Chemical BiologyNational Institute of Chemical Physics and BiophysicsTallinnEstonia
| | - Edgars Liepinsh
- Pharmaceutical PharmacologyLatvian Institute of Organic SynthesisRigaLatvia
| | - Paul S. Brookes
- Department of AnesthesiologyUniversity of Rochester Medical CenterRochesterNYUSA
| | - Thomas Krieg
- Department of MedicineUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
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10
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Smolková K, Špačková J, Gotvaldová K, Dvořák A, Křenková A, Hubálek M, Holendová B, Vítek L, Ježek P. SIRT3 and GCN5L regulation of NADP+- and NADPH-driven reactions of mitochondrial isocitrate dehydrogenase IDH2. Sci Rep 2020; 10:8677. [PMID: 32457458 PMCID: PMC7250847 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65351-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Wild type mitochondrial isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH2) was previously reported to produce oncometabolite 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG). Besides, mitochondrial deacetylase SIRT3 has been shown to regulate the oxidative function of IDH2. However, regulation of 2HG formation by SIRT3-mediated deacetylation was not investigated yet. We aimed to study mitochondrial IDH2 function in response to acetylation and deacetylation, and focus specifically on 2HG production by IDH2. We used acetylation surrogate mutant of IDH2 K413Q and assayed enzyme kinetics of oxidative decarboxylation of isocitrate, 2HG production by the enzyme, and 2HG production in cells. The purified IDH2 K413Q exhibited lower oxidative reaction rates than IDH2 WT. 2HG production by IDH2 K413Q was largely diminished at the enzymatic and cellular level, and knockdown of SIRT3 also inhibited 2HG production by IDH2. Contrary, the expression of putative mitochondrial acetylase GCN5L likely does not target IDH2. Using mass spectroscopy, we further identified lysine residues within IDH2, which are the substrates of SIRT3. In summary, we demonstrate that 2HG levels arise from non-mutant IDH2 reductive function and decrease with increasing acetylation level. The newly identified lysine residues might apply in regulation of IDH2 function in response to metabolic perturbations occurring in cancer cells, such as glucose-free conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarína Smolková
- Laboratory of Mitochondrial Physiology, No.75, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences (IPHYS CAS), Vídeňská 1083, 14220, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Jitka Špačková
- Laboratory of Mitochondrial Physiology, No.75, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences (IPHYS CAS), Vídeňská 1083, 14220, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Klára Gotvaldová
- Laboratory of Mitochondrial Physiology, No.75, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences (IPHYS CAS), Vídeňská 1083, 14220, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Aleš Dvořák
- Laboratory of Mitochondrial Physiology, No.75, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences (IPHYS CAS), Vídeňská 1083, 14220, Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Alena Křenková
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences (IOCB CAS), Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Hubálek
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences (IOCB CAS), Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Blanka Holendová
- Laboratory of Mitochondrial Physiology, No.75, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences (IPHYS CAS), Vídeňská 1083, 14220, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Libor Vítek
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Ježek
- Laboratory of Mitochondrial Physiology, No.75, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences (IPHYS CAS), Vídeňská 1083, 14220, Prague, Czech Republic
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11
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Herr DJ, Singh T, Dhammu T, Menick DR. Regulation of metabolism by mitochondrial enzyme acetylation in cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2020; 1866:165728. [PMID: 32068115 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.165728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ischemia reperfusion injury (I/R injury) contributes significantly to morbidity and mortality following myocardial infarction (MI). Although rapid reperfusion of the ischemic myocardium was established decades ago as a highly beneficial therapy for MI, significant cell death still occurs after the onset of reperfusion. Mitochondrial dysfunction is closely associated with I/R injury, resulting in the uncontrolled production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Considerable efforts have gone into understanding the metabolic perturbations elicited by I/R injury. Recent work has identified the critical role of reversible protein acetylation in maintaining normal mitochondrial biologic function and energy metabolism both in the normal heart and during I/R injury. Several studies have shown that modification of class I HDAC and/or Sirtuin (Sirt) activity is cardioprotective in the setting of I/R injury. A better understanding of the role of these metabolic pathways in reperfusion injury and their regulation by reversible protein acetylation presents a promising way forward in improving the treatment of cardiac reperfusion injury. Here we briefly review some of what is known about how acetylation regulates mitochondrial metabolism and how it relates to I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Herr
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States of America
| | - Toolika Singh
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States of America
| | - Tajinder Dhammu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States of America
| | - Donald R Menick
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States of America; Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, SC, United States of America.
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Cacabelos R, Carril JC, Cacabelos N, Kazantsev AG, Vostrov AV, Corzo L, Cacabelos P, Goldgaber D. Sirtuins in Alzheimer's Disease: SIRT2-Related GenoPhenotypes and Implications for PharmacoEpiGenetics. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20051249. [PMID: 30871086 PMCID: PMC6429449 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20051249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Sirtuins (SIRT1-7) are NAD+-dependent protein deacetylases/ADP ribosyltransferases with important roles in chromatin silencing, cell cycle regulation, cellular differentiation, cellular stress response, metabolism and aging. Sirtuins are components of the epigenetic machinery, which is disturbed in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), contributing to AD pathogenesis. There is an association between the SIRT2-C/T genotype (rs10410544) (50.92%) and AD susceptibility in the APOEε4-negative population (SIRT2-C/C, 34.72%; SIRT2-T/T 14.36%). The integration of SIRT2 and APOE variants in bigenic clusters yields 18 haplotypes. The 5 most frequent bigenic genotypes in AD are 33CT (27.81%), 33CC (21.36%), 34CT (15.29%), 34CC (9.76%) and 33TT (7.18%). There is an accumulation of APOE-3/4 and APOE-4/4 carriers in SIRT2-T/T > SIRT2-C/T > SIRT2-C/C carriers, and also of SIRT2-T/T and SIRT2-C/T carriers in patients who harbor the APOE-4/4 genotype. SIRT2 variants influence biochemical, hematological, metabolic and cardiovascular phenotypes, and modestly affect the pharmacoepigenetic outcome in AD. SIRT2-C/T carriers are the best responders, SIRT2-T/T carriers show an intermediate pattern, and SIRT2-C/C carriers are the worst responders to a multifactorial treatment. In APOE-SIRT2 bigenic clusters, 33CC carriers respond better than 33TT and 34CT carriers, whereas 24CC and 44CC carriers behave as the worst responders. CYP2D6 extensive metabolizers (EM) are the best responders, poor metabolizers (PM) are the worst responders, and ultra-rapid metabolizers (UM) tend to be better responders that intermediate metabolizers (IM). In association with CYP2D6 genophenotypes, SIRT2-C/T-EMs are the best responders. Some Sirtuin modulators might be potential candidates for AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramón Cacabelos
- EuroEspes Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science and Genomic Medicine, 15165 Bergondo, Corunna, Spain.
| | - Juan C Carril
- EuroEspes Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science and Genomic Medicine, 15165 Bergondo, Corunna, Spain.
| | - Natalia Cacabelos
- EuroEspes Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science and Genomic Medicine, 15165 Bergondo, Corunna, Spain.
| | - Aleksey G Kazantsev
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA.
| | - Alex V Vostrov
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA.
| | - Lola Corzo
- EuroEspes Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science and Genomic Medicine, 15165 Bergondo, Corunna, Spain.
| | - Pablo Cacabelos
- EuroEspes Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science and Genomic Medicine, 15165 Bergondo, Corunna, Spain.
| | - Dmitry Goldgaber
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA.
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Parodi-Rullán RM, Chapa-Dubocq XR, Javadov S. Acetylation of Mitochondrial Proteins in the Heart: The Role of SIRT3. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1094. [PMID: 30131726 PMCID: PMC6090200 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A growing number of studies have demonstrated the role of post-translational modifications of proteins, particularly acetylation, in human diseases including neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, cancer, and in aging. Acetylation of mitochondrial proteins has been shown to be involved in the pathogenesis of cardiac diseases such as myocardial infarction (ischemia-reperfusion) and heart failure. Indeed, over 60% of mitochondrial proteins contain acetylation sites, and most of these proteins are involved in mitochondrial bioenergetics. Mitochondrial non-enzymatic acetylation is enabled by acetyl-coenzyme A abundance and serves as the primary pathway of acetylation in mitochondria. Hence, regulation of enzymatic deacetylation becomes the most important mechanism to control acetylation/deacetylation of mitochondrial proteins. Acetylation/deacetylation of mitochondrial proteins has been regarded as a key regulator of mitochondrial metabolism and function. Proteins are deacetylated by NAD+-dependent deacetylases known as sirtuins (SIRTs). Among seven sirtuin isoforms, only SIRT3, SIRT4, and SIRT5 are localized in the mitochondria. SIRT3 is the main mitochondrial sirtuin which plays a key role in maintaining metabolic and redox balance in the mitochondria under physiological and pathological conditions. SIRT3 regulates the enzymatic activity of proteins involved in fatty acid oxidation, tricarboxylic acid cycle, electron transport chain, and oxidative phosphorylation. Although many enzymes have been identified as targets for SIRT3, cardiac-specific SIRT3 effects and regulations could differ from those in non-cardiac tissues. Therefore, it is important to elucidate the contribution of SIRT3 and mitochondrial protein acetylation/deacetylation in mitochondrial metabolism and cardiac dysfunction. Here, we summarize previous studies and provide a comprehensive analysis of the role of SIRT3 in mitochondria metabolism and bioenergetics under physiological conditions and in cardiac diseases. In addition, the review discusses mitochondrial protein acetylation as a potential target for cardioprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca M Parodi-Rullán
- Department of Physiology, University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, San Juan, PR, United States
| | - Xavier R Chapa-Dubocq
- Department of Physiology, University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, San Juan, PR, United States
| | - Sabzali Javadov
- Department of Physiology, University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, San Juan, PR, United States
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Cardioprotection by nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN): Involvement of glycolysis and acidic pH. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2018; 121:155-162. [PMID: 29958828 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2018.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 06/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Stimulation of the cytosolic NAD+ dependent deacetylase SIRT1 is cardioprotective against ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. NAD+ precursors including nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) are thought to induce cardioprotection via SIRT1. Herein, while NMN protected perfused hearts against IR (functional recovery: NMN 42 ± 7% vs. vehicle 11 ± 3%), this protection was insensitive to the SIRT1 inhibitor splitomicin (recovery 47 ± 8%). Although NMN-induced cardioprotection was absent in Sirt3-/- hearts (recovery 9 ± 5%), this was likely due to enhanced baseline injury in Sirt3-/- (recovery 6 ± 2%), since similar injury levels in WT hearts also blunted the protective efficacy of NMN. Considering alternative cardiac effects of NMN, and the requirement of glycolysis for NAD+, we hypothesized NMN may confer protection in part via direct stimulation of cardiac glycolysis. In primary cardiomyocytes, NMN induced cytosolic and extracellular acidification and elevated lactate. In addition, [U-13C]glucose tracing in intact hearts revealed that NMN stimulated glycolytic flux. Consistent with a role for glycolysis in NMN-induced protection, hearts perfused without glucose (palmitate as fuel source), or hearts perfused with galactose (no ATP from glycolysis) exhibited no benefit from NMN (recovery 11 ± 4% and 15 ± 2% respectively). Acidosis during early reperfusion is known to be cardioprotective (i.e., acid post-conditioning), and we also found that NMN was cardioprotective when delivered acutely at reperfusion (recovery 39 ± 8%). This effect of NMN was not additive with acidosis, suggesting overlapping mechanisms. We conclude that the acute cardioprotective benefits of NMN are mediated in part via glycolytic stimulation, with the downstream protective mechanism involving enhanced ATP synthesis during ischemia and/or enhanced acidosis during reperfusion.
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