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Saito H, Wada N, Iida K. Isonitrogenous low-carbohydrate diet elicits specific changes in metabolic gene expression in the skeletal muscle of exercise-trained mice. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0262875. [PMID: 35061842 PMCID: PMC8782354 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0262875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
With the renewed interest in low-carbohydrate diets (LCDs) in the sports field, a few animal studies have investigated their potential. However, most rodent studies have used an LCD containing low protein, which does not recapitulate a human LCD, and the muscle-specific adaptation in response to an LCD remains unclear. Therefore, we investigated the effects of two types of LCDs, both containing the same proportion of protein as a regular diet (isonitrogenous LCD; INLCD), on body composition, exercise performance, and metabolic fuel selection at the genetic level in the skeletal muscles of exercise-trained mice. Three groups of mice (n = 8 in each group), one fed a regular AIN-93G diet served as the control, and the others fed either of the two INLCDs containing 20% protein and 10% carbohydrate (INLCD-10%) or 20% protein and 1% carbohydrate (INLCD-1%) had a regular exercise load (5 times/week) for 12 weeks. Body weight and muscle mass did not decrease in either of the INLCD-fed groups, and the muscle glycogen levels and endurance capacity did not differ among the three groups. Only in the mice fed INLCD-1% did the plasma ketone concentration significantly increase, and gene expression related to glucose utilization significantly declined in the muscles. Both INLCD-1% and INLCD-10% consumption increased gene expression related to lipid utilization. These results suggest that, although INLCD treatment did not affect endurance capacity, it helped maintain muscle mass and glycogen content regardless of the glucose intake restrictions in trained mice. Moreover, an INLCD containing a low carbohydrate content might present an advantage by increasing lipid oxidation without ketosis and suppressing muscle glucose utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazuki Saito
- Department of Food and Nutrition Science, Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Ochanomizu University, Otsuka, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoko Wada
- Department of Food and Nutrition Science, Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Ochanomizu University, Otsuka, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kaoruko Iida
- Department of Food and Nutrition Science, Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Ochanomizu University, Otsuka, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan
- The Institute for Human Life Innovation, Ochanomizu University, Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Wang Y, Yuan T, Zhang Z, Lei Z, Shimizu K. Improved lignocellulose degradation prior to semi-dry anaerobic digestion of dairy manure via potassium permanganate treatment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biteb.2020.100462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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3
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Wang X, Lei Z, Shimizu K, Zhang Z, Lee DJ. Improved methane production from corn straw using anaerobically digested sludge pre-augmented by nanobubble water. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 311:123479. [PMID: 32413644 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Nanobubble water (NBW) has been proven to efficiently improve methane production from organic solid wastes. However, the increase in reactor volume due to addition of NBW hinders its practical applications. In this study, anaerobically digested sludge was first pre-augmented by N2-NBW and O2-NBW using corn straw as sole substrate for methane production with electron transfer activity being monitored. 20%, 33% and 38% of cellulose and 29%, 35% and 35% of hemicellulose were reduced respectively from the control, N2-NBW and O2-NBW pre-augmented sludge reactors. N2-NBW and O2-NBW pre-augmented sludge reactors achieved methane yields of 127 and 142 mL/g-VS, about 10% and 22% higher than that from the control. Results show that use of NBW pre-augmented anaerobically digested sludge as inoculum can remarkably enhance methane yield from corn straw, providing a novel concept for NBW-based anaerobic digestion system with no increase of reactor volume and construction cost in practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuezhi Wang
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Zhongfang Lei
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan.
| | - Kazuya Shimizu
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Zhenya Zhang
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Duu-Jong Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
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Wang X, Yuan T, Guo Z, Han H, Lei Z, Shimizu K, Zhang Z, Lee DJ. Enhanced hydrolysis and acidification of cellulose at high loading for methane production via anaerobic digestion supplemented with high mobility nanobubble water. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 297:122499. [PMID: 31835146 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2019] [Revised: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, CH4 production from anaerobic digestion (AD) of refractory cellulose was investigated at a high loading of 3.5 (VScellulose/VSinoculum) under nanobubble water (NBW) addition. A longer proton spin-spin relaxation time (2611-2906 ms) of NBW during 35 days' storage reflected its high mobility and diffusion of water molecules. Higher volatile fatty acids were yielded at the hydrolysis-acidification stage under NBW addition. Methanogenesis tests showed that Air-NBW and CO2-NBW supplementation accelerated the utilization of crystalline cellulose, achieving methane yields of 264 and 246 mL CH4/g-VSreduced, increasing by 18% and 10% compared to deionized water addition (the control), respectively. In addition, under NBW addition the cellulose crystallinity reduction was enhanced by 14-20% with microbial community being enriched with hydrolytic and methanogenic bacteria. Results from this work suggest that NBW environment with no chemical addition and relatively low energy consumption is advantageous for enhanced AD process of cellulosic biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuezhi Wang
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Tian Yuan
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Zitao Guo
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Hanlin Han
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Zhongfang Lei
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan.
| | - Kazuya Shimizu
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Zhenya Zhang
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Duu-Jong Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
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Ayenimo JG, Adeloju SB. Amperometric detection of glucose in fruit juices with polypyrrole-based biosensor with an integrated permselective layer for exclusion of interferences. Food Chem 2017; 229:127-135. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.01.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Revised: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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He L, Huang H, Lei Z, Liu C, Zhang Z. Enhanced hydrogen production from anaerobic fermentation of rice straw pretreated by hydrothermal technology. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2014; 171:145-151. [PMID: 25194263 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.08.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2014] [Revised: 08/08/2014] [Accepted: 08/09/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This study tested the effect of hydrothermal treatment (HTT) at different peak temperatures (150 °C and 210 °C, i.e. HTT150 and HTT210, respectively) and holding time (0-30 min) on the solubilization of rice straw at total solids (TS) of 20% and then subsequent H2 production from resultant substrates. No obvious degradation was detected in lignin content under all tested HTT conditions which did open up the surface structure and have efficient solubilization effect on rice straw. Soluble carbohydrates produced from straw particles during HTT210 was found to have strongly (r=0.9987) positive correlation with the subsequent H2 yield. The maximum soluble carbohydrates, 80 mg per gram of volatile solids (VS) was achieved under HTT210 and 0 min of holding condition, correspondingly yielding the highest hydrogen production (28 ml/g-VS), about 93-fold higher than the control. Results suggest that holding time is crucial for HTT pretreatment when taking subsequent H2 production into consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leilei He
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - He Huang
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Zhongfang Lei
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Chunguang Liu
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Zhenya Zhang
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan.
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Baggott GK. Moult, flight muscle “hypertrophy” and premigratory lipid deposition of the juvenile Willow warbler, Phylloscopus trochilus. J Zool (1987) 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7998.1975.tb01404.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Abstract
The biochemical constitution of the copepod parasite Mytilicola intestinalis was determined and seasonal changes were detected which, in general, could be correlated with the life-history of the parasite.Biochemical constituents have been discussed in relation to those in other endoparasites and free-living crustaceans. It was concluded that carbohydrates and lipids both formed important stores of energy in M. intestinalis. Protein levels were reduced compared with those in free-living forms.This work forms part of a Ph.D. thesis in the University of London. It was completed during the tenure of a Research Assistantship at The Polytechnic, Regent Street, London W. 1.
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Chaubey MK, Upadhyay RK. Biochemical and enzymatic changes after black scorpion Heterometrus fastigiousus Couzijn envenomation in experimental albino mice. J Appl Toxicol 2008; 28:874-84. [PMID: 18418845 DOI: 10.1002/jat.1351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The toxic effects of Asian black scorpion Heterometrus fastigiousus (Family, Scorpionidae) venom were determined in albino mice (NIH strain). Venom was isolated and fractioned by Sepharose CL-6B column chromatography. The toxicity of fractioned venom was determined in albino mice by subcutaneous envenomation. The LD(50) of venom was found to be 15 mg kg(-1) body weight and range of molecular weight of venom proteins responsible for toxicity was found from 9.5-63 kDs. The effects of fractioned venom on different biochemical and enzymatic parameters in blood serum and gastrocnemius muscle tissue of albino mice were determined after experimental envenomation. An increase in serum levels of glucose, free amino acids, uric acid, pyruvic acid and total protein was observed while a decrease in the cholesterol level in serum was observed after 4 h of envenomation. Increase in alkaline phosphatase (ALP), acid phosphatase (ACP), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) and glutamate-pyruvate transaminase (GPT) enzyme activity in serum was observed. Glycogen content in liver, atria, ventricle, rectus abdominus and gastrocnemius muscle was decreased after experimental envenomation. Activity of ALP, ACP, LDH, GPT, AChE and Na+K+ATPase enzymes in gastrocnemius muscle tissue of envenomed albino mice was studied. Inhibition in ALP, AChE and Na+K+ATPase enzyme activity and increase in ACP, LDH and GPT enzyme activity was observed in gastrocnemius muscle after scorpion envenomation. In vitro studies with AChE and Na+K+ATPase enzymes indicated that enzymatic activity of AChE was inhibited competitively by fractioned venom in gastrocnemius muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukesh Kumar Chaubey
- Post Graduate Department of Zoology, Mahatma Gandhi Post Graduate College, Gorakhpur-273001, U.P., India.
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Shedpure M, Pati AK. Synchronization of infradian rhythms in eight physiological functions with the circannual rhythm of reproduction in female Clarias batrachus. BIOL RHYTHM RES 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/09291019409360315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Atanu Kumar Pati
- a School of Life Sciences , Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University , Raipur, 492010, India
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11
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Shelley HJ. Blood sugars and tissue carbohydrate in foetal and infant lambs and rhesus monkeys. J Physiol 2007; 153:527-52. [PMID: 16992064 PMCID: PMC1359769 DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.1960.sp006553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
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Miao YG, Bharathi D. Effect of prostaglandin F2alpha on gonadal carbohydrate metabolism of silkworm, Bombyx mori L. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2003; 70:259-66. [PMID: 12611491 DOI: 10.1016/s0090-6980(02)00133-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Effect of prostaglandin F2alpha (PGF2alpha) on carbohydrate accumulation in gonads of the multivoltine silkworm (hybrid: Xinhang x Keming) has been studied by means of topical application to larvae of the silkworm. Increased weights of larvae and reproduction organs, as well as carbohydrate metabolism in gonads of the silkworm, Bombyx mori L. was found after treatment with prostaglandin F2alpha. The increase in weight (larvae 21.9%, testis 28.9%, and ovary 33.3%) was associated with increases in the biomolecules (20-30%) and LDH and aldolase activity (18-25%). The results suggest that the accumulation of carbohydrates denotes a higher extent of utility of the energy sources in function of the testes and ovaries, and the routine application of prostaglandin F2alpha would be helpful in improving the reproductivity and egg quality of the silkworm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-gen Miao
- Department of Sericulture, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou-310029, China.
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SHREEVE WW, HENNES AR. Pathways of carbohydrate formation in man. II. the effect of diabetes and glucocorticoid administration on isotope distribution in glucose from subjects given 1-C14-acetate. J Clin Invest 2000; 37:1006-15. [PMID: 13563629 PMCID: PMC1062762 DOI: 10.1172/jci103681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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16
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DAWES GS, MOTT JC, SHELLEY HJ. The importance of cardiac glycogen for the maintenance of life in foetal lambs and newborn animals during anoxia. J Physiol 2000; 146:516-38. [PMID: 13665675 PMCID: PMC1357047 DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.1959.sp006208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 231] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
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17
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SHREEVE WW. Pathways of carbohydrate formation in man. I. Isotope distribution in glucose from nondiabetic subjects given 1-C14-acetate. J Clin Invest 2000; 37:999-1005. [PMID: 13563628 PMCID: PMC1062761 DOI: 10.1172/jci103696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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TSUMITA T, CHARGAFF E. Studies on nucleoproteins. VI. The deoxyribonucleoprotien and the deoxyribonucleic acid of bovine tubercle bacilli. (BCG). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000; 29:568-78. [PMID: 13584360 DOI: 10.1016/0006-3002(58)90014-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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BERRY LJ, SMYTHE DS. Effect of bacterial endotoxin on metabolism. II Protein-carbohydrate balance following cortisone. Inhibition of intestinal absorption and adrenal response to ACTH. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998; 110:407-18. [PMID: 13848079 PMCID: PMC2137014 DOI: 10.1084/jem.110.3.407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Urinary nitrogen excretion over a 17 hour period without food and water was determined for mice poisoned with endotoxin and for control mice with and without the subcutaneous injection of 5 mg. cortisone acetate. Endotoxin did not alter the quantity of nitrogen excreted, compared with that of control mice, but in both groups of animals cortisone increased urinary nitrogen by the same amount. A balance between the quantity of protein catabolized (as estimated by increased urinary nitrogen excretion) and the total carbohydrate stored as a result of cortisone administration was found in fasted and in fed mice but not in endotoxin-poisoned mice. Endotoxin inhibited the motility of the gastrointestinal tract and blocked the absorption of food. Injections of ACTH in normal mice increased protein degradation and carbohydrate synthesis. In endotoxin-poisoned animals, ACTH failed to alter urinary nitrogen excretion and carbohydrate reserves. ACTH increased susceptibility to endotoxin. The number of heat-killed cells of S. typhimurium required to block the increase in urinary nitrogen caused by an injection of ACTH was found to be 108. A partial block was found with 5 x 107 cells but not with 105 cells. Mice infected with S. typhimurium excreted less than the normal amount of urinary nitrogen in response to ACTH 6 to 23 hours postinfection while normal amounts of nitrogen were eliminated 54 to 71 hours postinfection. The number of viable cells in the mice during the earlier period was less than the number of dead cells required to alter the nitrogen output, while the reverse was true during the later period.
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DOW DS, ALLEN CE. Steady-state oxidation of glucose in hyperthyroid and hypothyroid rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998; 39:981-90. [PMID: 13724125 DOI: 10.1139/o61-098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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21
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BERRY LJ, SMYTHE DS, YOUNG LG. Effects of bacterial endotoxin on metabolism. I. Carbohydrate depletion and the protective role of cortisone. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998; 110:389-405. [PMID: 13799887 PMCID: PMC2137012 DOI: 10.1084/jem.110.3.389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Mice of different strains were protected against the lethal effect of bacterial endotoxin by concurrent injections of cortisone. Either inadequate amounts of cortisone or excessive quantities of endotoxin voided the protection. Analyses of blood sugar, liver glycogen, muscle glycogen, and total body carbohydrate in the skinned eviscerated carcass were carried out on different strains of mice given endotoxin and/or cortisone. Poisoned animals were virtually depleted of all carbohydrate while mice given cortisone alone had concentrations of carbohydrate from three to four times that of normal mice. Mice given a lethal amount of endotoxin and a protective dose of cortisone had two to three times as much carbohydrate as animals injected with the same amount of endotoxin alone but significantly less than that found in normal mice. Dibenzyline failed to alter the lethal effect of endotoxin and to reduce the carbohydrate loss that accompanied endotoxin administration. Endotoxin, at the dosage level employed, lowered the temperature of mice 2°–3°C. during the first hour or two postinjection and the temperature remained essentially unaltered during the next 4 to 5 hours. Loss in body carbohydrate in endotoxin-poisoned mice cannot be explained, therefore, as the result of an elevated metabolic rate accompanying hyperthermia. Endotoxin prevented the conversion of injected glucose into liver glycogen but not into muscle glycogen. Mouse liver mitochondria, in the presence of endotoxin, released from ATP approximately the same amount of inorganic phosphate as that released in the presence of dinitrophenol.
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Chetty AN, Indira K. Adaptive changes in the glucose metabolism of a bivalve to ambient ammonia stress. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 1995; 54:83-89. [PMID: 7756789 DOI: 10.1007/bf00196273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A N Chetty
- Department of Zoology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, India
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23
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Rambabu JP, Rao MB. Effect of an organochlorine and three organophosphate pesticides on glucose, glycogen, lipid, and protein contents in tissues of the freshwater snail Bellamya dissimilis (Müller). BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 1994; 53:142-148. [PMID: 8069064 DOI: 10.1007/bf00205151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J P Rambabu
- Food and Drug Toxicology Research Centre, National Institute of Nutrition, Jamai Osmania, Hyderabad, India
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Mishra PN, Patnaik BK. Age-related changes in glucose uptake of cerebral hemisphere slices of male garden lizards in response to starvation stress. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 1991; 13:237-44. [PMID: 15374416 DOI: 10.1016/0167-4943(91)90045-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/1991] [Revised: 05/25/1991] [Accepted: 06/14/1991] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
In the male garden lizard, the glucose uptake of cerebral hemisphere slices did not change during maturation (young to middle-aged) but declined during ageing (middle-aged to old). Short-term starvation (3 days) did not cause a significant change in glucose uptake of cerebral hemisphere of young lizards but led to an increase in the parameter in both the middle-aged and old.
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Affiliation(s)
- P N Mishra
- Department of Zoology, Khallikote College, Berhampur, 760 007 Orissa, India
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25
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Pradhan RK, Saini SK, Biswas J, Pati AK. Influence of human urinary erythropoietin and L-thyroxine on blood morphology and energy reserves in two tropical species of fed and starved teleosts. Gen Comp Endocrinol 1989; 76:382-9. [PMID: 2583468 DOI: 10.1016/0016-6480(89)90133-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Erythropoietic responses of fed and starved species of teleosts, viz., Clarias batrachus and Heteropneustes fossilis, to human urinary erythropoietin and thyroxine have been examined. The effects of these hormones on energy reserves have also been evaluated. Twenty-four C. batrachus were divided into two groups: half were fed regularly; the remaining fish were starved 20 days. On the 21st day each group was further divided into three subgroups of four each and received either saline, thyroxine (8 micrograms), or erythropoietin (6 IU) over 4 consecutive days. The experimental protocol was identical for H. fossilis; however, for H. fossilis two identical studies were conducted approximately 1 year apart. A decline in the rate of erythropoiesis and a stimulatory response to human urinary erythropoietin followed starvation in both species of teleosts. In addition, erythropoietin had a pronounced effect on hepatic glycogenesis of fed H. fossilis and stimulated erythropoiesis in the fed teleosts of both species. Prolonged starvation drastically depleted hepatic glycogen in C. batrachus. In contrast, it had no effect on hepatic glycogen in H. fossilis and on muscle glycogen and protein in both species. In general, while both species could respond to erythropoietin and withstand prolonged starvation, H. fossilis alone exhibited remarkable tolerance to fasting.
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Affiliation(s)
- R K Pradhan
- Department of Bioscience, Ravishankar University, Raipur, India
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26
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Mishra G, Behera HN. Effect of methylene blue and cobaltous chloride on the alloxan-induced changes in collagen characteristics in the skin of garden lizard Calotes versicolor. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 1989; 8:1-12. [PMID: 2712646 DOI: 10.1016/0167-4943(89)90064-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/1987] [Revised: 03/25/1988] [Accepted: 04/05/1988] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
In the present study the effect of two chemicals such as methylene blue and CoCl2 on the accelerated ageing of collagen in alloxan-diabetic lizards has been tested. Both methylene blue and CoCl2 have been found to accelerate the ageing of collagen in normal lizards. While methylene blue enhanced the effects of alloxan in alloxanized lizards, CoCl2 tended to reverse it. It appears that methylene blue acts as a potentiator of alloxan; CoCl2, on the contrary, showed clear anti-ageing effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Mishra
- Postgraduate Department of Zoology, Berhampur University, Orissa, India
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27
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Rao KS, Rao KV. The possible role of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in the detoxification of methyl parathion. Toxicol Lett 1987; 39:211-4. [PMID: 3686551 DOI: 10.1016/0378-4274(87)90235-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The levels of proteins, glucose and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity were studied in muscle, gill and liver tissues of the fish Tilapia mossambica under sublethal methyl parathion toxicity. Tissue glucose levels decreased with increased soluble protein content and the activity levels of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase were elevated considerably. These results are discussed in relation to the involvement of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in both synthetic and detoxification processes as an adaptive response against methyl parathion toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- K S Rao
- Zoology Department, S.V. University P.G. Center, Kavali, India
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28
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Bhaskar M, Govindappa S. Effect of environmental acidity and alkalinity on the physiology of Tilapia mossambica during acclimation. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 1986. [DOI: 10.1016/0305-1978(86)90031-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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29
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Mishra G, Behera HN. Alloxan-induced changes in the collagen characteristics in the skin of male garden lizards, Calotes versicolor, from three age groups. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 1986; 5:11-9. [PMID: 3718067 DOI: 10.1016/0167-4943(86)90003-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/1985] [Revised: 10/02/1985] [Accepted: 10/03/1985] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Alloxan diabetes in lizards Calotes versicolor, belonging to three age groups, induced decreased levels of percentage of solubility of collagen in dorsal and ventral skin regions after 7 days of treatment. Old lizards showed greater susceptibility to alloxan diabetes than lizards of the young and middle-age groups. There appears to be no correlation between blood-glucose level and accelerated ageing of collagen. It is suggested that, in alloxan diabetes, metabolites formed in the tissues might accelerate the ageing of collagen.
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30
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Bhaskar M, Govindappa S. Tissue compensatory metabolic profiles in Tilapia mossambica (Peters) on acclimation to sublethal acidic and alkaline media. Gill glycogen metabolism. ARCHIVES INTERNATIONALES DE PHYSIOLOGIE ET DE BIOCHIMIE 1985; 93:59-63. [PMID: 2412512 DOI: 10.3109/13813458509079588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Freshwater Fish, Tilapia mossambica (Peters) was acclimated to sublethal acidic and alkaline media and branchial tissue glycogen metabolism was studied. In acidic media, the glycogenolysis is elevated in the tissues and glycolysis is suppressed. In contrast, in alkaline media, the tissue glycolytic pathway is accelerated with accumulation of organic acids. In both the cases tissue had elevated G-6-PDH activity indicating stress conditions on the tissue metabolism. The tissue compensatory changes provided survival value to the fish under altered pH media.
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31
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Dhananjaya Reddy Y, Venkatarami Reddy K, Govindappa S. Metabolic profiles of prostate gland after the administration of prolactin and bromocriptine. ARCHIVES INTERNATIONALES DE PHYSIOLOGIE ET DE BIOCHIMIE 1984; 92:125-30. [PMID: 6208863 DOI: 10.3109/13813458409071136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Wistar strain male albino rats were treated with prolactin (PRL) and bromocriptine to induce hyper- and hypoprolactinemia respectively and prostatic metabolic profiles were analysed. The energy metabolism of prostate was activated by PRL and inhibited by bromocriptine. The androgen-dependent metabolic phases of ventral prostate such as glycogenolysis, glycolysis, hexose monophosphate shunt were activated in the presence of PRL and inhibited in the presence of bromocriptine. The activities of markers of monosaccharide formation were elevated by PRL and inhibited by bromocriptine. The amino-acid oxidations and transaminations were accelerated by PRL and suppressed by bromocriptine. Hence, PRL-mediated activation of seminal plasma in the ventral prostate is suggested.
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32
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Kwarecki K, Debiec H, Wróblewski S. Biological time-related changes in tolerance of male rats to hypoxia--I. Survival rate and carbohydrate metabolism. Chronobiol Int 1984; 1:239-44. [PMID: 6400661 DOI: 10.3109/07420528409063903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Investigations were carried out on male Wistar rats, synchronized in standard conditions to a light-dark regiment (LD 12:12 with L from 0600 to 1800). Rats exposed to hypoxia equivalent to 10,500m at a clock-hour of 1000 had a survival time twice as long as that of animals exposed at 2200. Data from this study indicate the ability to mobilize energy stores through the conversion of liver glycogen to glucose along with circadian differences in hormonal response (e.g. corticosterone and insulin) contributes to the tolerance to hypoxia being greater during diurnal rest than nocturnal activity in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kwarecki
- Institute of Aviation Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
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33
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Venkatarami Reddy K, Geethanjali N, Dhananjaya Reddy Y, Reddanna P, Govindappa S. Effect of induced bilateral cryptorchidism on the carbohydrate metabolism of reproductive tissues in albino rats. ARCHIVES INTERNATIONALES DE PHYSIOLOGIE ET DE BIOCHIMIE 1983; 91:405-10. [PMID: 6204609 DOI: 10.3109/13813458309067987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Bilateral cryptorchidism was induced surgically and its effect on carbohydrate metabolism of the reproductive tissue in albino rats analysed. In the reproductive tissues glycogenolysis was inhibited and lactic acid accumulated. The energy metabolism of the tissues was inhibited following the suppression of androgen-dependent enzymes activities. The importance of these modulations in the reproductive tissue carbohydrate metabolism on the male fertility was discussed.
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34
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Venkatarami Reddy K, Dhananjaya Reddy Y, Govindappa S, Reddanna P. Induced muscular work overload and disuse on the serum carbohydrate metabolism of dog, Canis domesticus. ARCHIVES INTERNATIONALES DE PHYSIOLOGIE ET DE BIOCHIMIE 1983; 91:411-6. [PMID: 6204610 DOI: 10.3109/13813458309067988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Serum carbohydrate metabolism was analysed in control, control stimulated, denervation atrophied and denervation stimulated dogs, Canis domesticus. The muscular training has resulted in the hypoglycemia through the mobilization of glucose into both hexose mono- and diphosphate pathways. The denervation atrophy, on the contrary, resulted in hyperglycemia because of exactly opposite changes in the carbohydrate metabolism in the serum and also possibly due to the lack of uptake by the muscle. The training programme of electrical stimulation applied to this denervated muscle has wiped off the hyperglycemia. The importance of muscular work in modulating the serum carbohydrate metabolism was indicated.
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35
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Dash BD, Patnaik BK. Effect of age and cold shock on the SDH activity of brain mitochondria and carbohydrate contents of brain of male garden lizard. Exp Gerontol 1981; 16:481-6. [PMID: 7338270 DOI: 10.1016/0531-5565(81)90029-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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36
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Koundinya PR, Ramamurthi R. Effect of organophosphate pesticide Sumithion (Fenitrothion) on some aspects of carbohydrate metabolism in a freshwater fish, Sarotherodon (Tilapia) mossambicus (Peters). EXPERIENTIA 1979; 35:1632-3. [PMID: 520481 DOI: 10.1007/bf01953236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A lethal (Lc50/48 h - 6 mg/l) concentration of the organophosphate (OP) pesticide Sumithion increased blood glucose levels and phosphorylase activity, but hepatic glycogen registered a fall which indicated that the observed hyperglycemia was due to breakdown of hepatic glycogen.
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37
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38
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Ghandour AM, Ibrahim AM. A study of the relationship between the energy contents of Schistosoma mansoni cercariae and their death during penetration of mammalian host skin. J Helminthol 1978; 52:339-42. [PMID: 752056 DOI: 10.1017/s0022149x00005599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Immersion of Biomphalaria pfeifferi in 1.5% glucose solution showed that the snails did not absorb any glucose during the first six hours but that almost 30% of the glucose was absorbed after 24 hours. The glycogen content of such "glucose-fed" snails was much higher than that of control normal snails. Cercariae of S. mansoni collected from the former snails exhibited a much lower level of death (20%), during penetration of mouse skin, than that of control normal cercariae (36%). It is suggested that death of S. mansoni cercariae during penetration of mammalian host skin is probably due to exhaustion of their energy reserves.
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39
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Dial variations in the levels of blood glucose and hepatopancreatic glycogen in the slug,Laevicaulis alte (Ferussac 1821). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1978. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01936985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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40
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Jaeger JJ, McGrath JJ. Hematological and biochemical effects of chronic CO exposure on the Japanese quail. RESPIRATION PHYSIOLOGY 1975; 24:365-72. [PMID: 1188199 DOI: 10.1016/0034-5687(75)90025-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Japanese Quail were exposed to a concentration of 300 to 350 ppm CO to maintain an equilibrium carboxyhemoglobin concentration of 30% for a period of 4 weeks. Compared to a control group of birds maintained in an identical chamber, the CO-exposed quail demonstrated increases in hematocrit ratio and hemoglobin concentration. At the end of the exposure period, the CO-exposed quail had significantly larger plasma and blood volumes, slight but significant right ventricular hypertrophy and higher fasting plasma glucose concentrations than the control birds. Cardiac and skeletal muscle carbohydrate stores were not affected by chronic CO exposure.
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41
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Khandwala AS, Gee JBL. Factors in Glucose Oxidation by Alveolar Macrophages: Glucose Transport and Glycogenolysis. Chest 1975. [DOI: 10.1378/chest.67.2_supplement.60s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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42
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Conner RL, Koroly MJ. Relationship of cellular energetics to RNA metabolism in Tetrahymena pyriformis W. THE JOURNAL OF PROTOZOOLOGY 1974; 21:177-82. [PMID: 4817981 DOI: 10.1111/j.1550-7408.1974.tb03634.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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43
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Raju DC, Bashamohideen MD, Narasimham C. Circadian rhythm in blood glucose and liver glycogen levels of scorpion,Heterometrus fulvipes. Cell Mol Life Sci 1973. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01930404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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44
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Hadden JW, Hadden EM, Wilson EE, Good RA, Coffey RG. Direct action of insulin on plasma membrane ATPase activity in human lymphocytes. NATURE: NEW BIOLOGY 1972; 235:174-7. [PMID: 4258500 DOI: 10.1038/newbio235174a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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45
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Sharp F. A quantitative study of the glycogen content of human fetal skin in the first trimester. THE JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY OF THE BRITISH COMMONWEALTH 1971; 78:981-6. [PMID: 5124563 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.1971.tb00214.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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46
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Goren MB. Sulfolipid I of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, strain H37Rv. II. Structural studies. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1970; 210:127-38. [PMID: 4989542 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2760(70)90068-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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47
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Betz NL, Nettles WC, Novak AF. Physicochemical characteristics of glycogen from Anthonomus grandis Boheman. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 1968; 24:163-75. [PMID: 5645507 DOI: 10.1016/0010-406x(68)90965-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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48
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Scott RW, Moore WE, Effland MJ, Millett MA. Ultraviolet spectrophotometric determination of hexoses, pentoses, and uronic acids after their reactions with concentrated sulfuric acid. Anal Biochem 1967; 21:68-80. [PMID: 6062775 DOI: 10.1016/0003-2697(67)90084-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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49
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Holmes B, Page AR, Good RA. Studies of the metabolic activity of leukocytes from patients with a genetic abnormality of phagocytic function. J Clin Invest 1967; 46:1422-32. [PMID: 6036538 PMCID: PMC292888 DOI: 10.1172/jci105634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 518] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Polymorphonuclear leukocytes from patients with chronic granulomatous disease respond to the phagocytosis of latex particles with normal increments in glucose consumption, lactate production, Krebs' cycle activity, and lipid turnover. The leukocytes of these patients fail to show normal increments in respiration, direct oxidation of glucose, and hydrogen peroxide formation during particle uptake. It appears that the stimulation of respiration with the formation of hydrogen peroxide and stimulation of the direct oxidative pathway of glucose metabolism are closely linked to degranulation and intracellular killing of bacteria by polymorphonuclear leukocytes.
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50
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Sanders CL, Krise GM. Toxic effects of alloxan administered to irradiated rats. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION BIOLOGY AND RELATED STUDIES IN PHYSICS, CHEMISTRY, AND MEDICINE 1967; 13:97-8. [PMID: 5300420 DOI: 10.1080/09553006714551361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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