1
|
|
2
|
REES KR, ROWLAND GF. The metabolism of isolated rat-liver nuclei during chemical carcinogenesis. Thioacetamide and p-dimethylaminoazobenzene (butter yellow). Biochem J 1998; 80:428-33. [PMID: 13740293 PMCID: PMC1244019 DOI: 10.1042/bj0800428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
3
|
TRUMAN DE, KORNER A. Incorporation of amino acids into the protein of isolated mitochondria. A search for optimum conditions and a relationship to oxidative phosphorylation. Biochem J 1998; 83:588-96. [PMID: 13922697 PMCID: PMC1243600 DOI: 10.1042/bj0830588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
4
|
REES KR, ROWLAND GF, VARCOE JS. The metabolism of isolated rat-liver nucleoli and other subnuclear fractions. The active site of amino acid incorporation in the nucleus. Biochem J 1998; 86:130-6. [PMID: 13973586 PMCID: PMC1201724 DOI: 10.1042/bj0860130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
5
|
REES KR, ROSS HF, ROWLAND GF. Incorporation of 14C-glycine by subnuclear preparations from rat liver nuclei. Nature 1998; 192:171-2. [PMID: 14490991 DOI: 10.1038/192171a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
6
|
|
7
|
|
8
|
KODAMA RM, TEDESCHI H. AN ELECTRON MICROSCOPE STUDY OF CALF THYMUS NUCLEAR PREPARATIONS ISOLATED IN SUCROSE SOLUTIONS. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996; 18:541-53. [PMID: 14064108 PMCID: PMC2106315 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.18.3.541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This work was carried out with the intent of developing a method capable of routinely evaluating calf thymus nuclear preparations with the electron microscope. Examination of small random samples, pre-embedded in agar after fixation with permanganate, were found to give results comparable to those obtained with much larger samples withdrawn randomly from pellets and embedded and sectioned conventionally. Results obtained by this pre-embedding technique with acrolein, osmium tetroxide, or permanganate fixations were equivalent. Calf thymus nuclear preparations isolated in sucrose by the method prevalently used (see 1) are contaminated only slightly with intact cells, to a degree which varies with each preparation. However, intact cells, damaged cells, or nuclei with some cytoplasm constitute together about 30 per cent of the preparation. Particles other than intact cells are not readily distinguishable from one another by light or phase microscope techniques. These preparations can be purified further by centrifuging through a dense sucrose layer. In our hands, however, contamination with some cytoplasm still remains in approximately 10 per cent of the particles. Incubation of the particles prepared without purification procedures, under conditions frequently used, results in the extensive breakdown of particles. Under at least one set of conditions, nuclei are selectively disrupted, leaving primarily damaged cells in the preparation.
Collapse
|
9
|
|
10
|
GURR MI, FINEAN JB, HAWTHORNE JN. THE PHOSPHOLIPIDS OF LIVER-CELL FRACTIONS. I. THE PHOSPHOLIPID COMPOSITION OF THE LIVER-CELL NUCLEUS. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996; 70:406-16. [PMID: 14067614 DOI: 10.1016/0006-3002(63)90770-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
11
|
Keyhani E. The locked-cell hypothesis: on the origin of mitochondria and the transition from prokaryotic to eukaryotic cells. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1981; 361:376-96. [PMID: 6941731 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1981.tb46533.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
|
12
|
Keyhani E. THE LOCKED-CELL HYPOTHESIS. ON THE ORIGIN OF MITOCHONDRIA AND THE TRANSITION FROM PROKARYOTIC TO EUKARYOTIC CELLS. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1981. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1981.tb54379.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
13
|
Agutter PS, Cockrill JB, Lavine JE, McCaldin B, Sim RB. Properties of mammalian nuclear-envelope nucleoside triphosphatase. Biochem J 1979; 181:647-58. [PMID: 229821 PMCID: PMC1161204 DOI: 10.1042/bj1810647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The nucleoside triphosphatase activities of the nuclear envelopes from rat liver, pig liver and simian-virus-40-transformed mouse-embryo 3T3 cells were shown to exhibit similar parperties. All three preparations hydrolyse ATP, 2'-dATP, 3'-dATP, GTP, CTP and UTP in the presence of Mg2+, Ca2+, Mn2+ and Co2+ with a pH optimum of 8.0, are sensitive to inhibition by mercurials, arsenicals, quercetin, proflavin and adenosine 5'-[gamma-thio]triphosphate and are partially inactivated by exposure to high ionic strength. The kinetic behaviour is similar for all substrates irrespective of the source of material. The typical Eadie-Hofstee plot, which is concave upwards at pH 8.0 when the ionic strength is 20mM, becomes linear when the pH is increased to 8.5 or the ionic strength to 160mM. The overall evidence, particularly the labelling of only one polypeptide by [gamma-32P]ATP, suggests that under the conditions of preparation and assay used only one class of nucleoside triphosphatase active sites is detectable in nuclear envelopes. The importance of these results for an understanding of the role of the enzyme in vivo is discussed.
Collapse
|
14
|
|
15
|
Jensen H, Engedal H, Saetersdal TS. Ultrastructure of mitochondria-containining nuclei in human myocardial cells. VIRCHOWS ARCHIV. B, CELL PATHOLOGY 1976:1-12. [PMID: 133532 DOI: 10.1007/bf02899139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The ultrastructure of myocardial cell nuclei was examined in a group of 12 patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass surgery. In one patient (aged 60 years) with rheumatic heart disease, myocardial cells were observed which contained mitochondria with well preserved membranes within their nuclei. Such intranuclear mitochondria were observed with equal frequency in all of the three stages examined, i.e. at the start and end of aortic crossclamping and after 20 min of reperfusion. Approximately 2-3% of the total number of nuclei studied in this patient contained mitochondria. A partial disintegration of the membranes of the affected nuclei was sometimes seen. These findings are discussed in relation to the hypothesis of a de novo synthesis of mitochondria inside the nucleus, and also, in relation to the "trapping theory" of mitochondria through the nuclear envelope.
Collapse
|
16
|
|
17
|
Aprille JR, Buetow DE. Incorporation of labelled amino acids by nuclei isolated from Euglena gracilis. Arch Microbiol 1974; 97:195-201. [PMID: 4211207 DOI: 10.1007/bf00403058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
|
18
|
Hilderson HJ, Lagrou A, Dierick W. The nuclear lipids of bovine hypertrophic thyroid. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1974; 337:385-9. [PMID: 4364990 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2760(74)90113-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
|
19
|
Laval M, Bouteille M. Synthetic activity of isolated rat liver nuclei. II. Evidence for protein formation. Exp Cell Res 1973; 79:391-403. [PMID: 4782302 DOI: 10.1016/0014-4827(73)90459-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
|
20
|
Dravid AR, Wong E. Studies on the incorporation of ( 14 C)amino acids into protein by isolated rat brain nuclei. J Neurochem 1972; 19:2709-25. [PMID: 4652624 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1972.tb03809.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
|
21
|
Anderson K. Speculative review: A teleological argument for the function of nuclear protein synthesis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1972. [DOI: 10.1016/0020-711x(72)90097-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
22
|
|
23
|
Satake M. Some aspects of protein metabolism of the neuron. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 1972; 15:189-213. [PMID: 4570281 DOI: 10.1016/s0074-7742(08)60331-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
|
24
|
|
25
|
Baxter SJ, Lathe GH. Biochemical effects of kidney of exposure to high concentrations of dimethyl sulphoxide. Biochem Pharmacol 1971; 20:1079-91. [PMID: 4330200 DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(71)90337-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
|
26
|
Anderson KM, Crosthwait HC, Slavik M. Incorporation of amino acids into proteins catalyzed by prostate nuclei. Exp Cell Res 1971; 66:273-82. [PMID: 4326612 DOI: 10.1016/0014-4827(71)90678-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
|
27
|
Abstract
The chemical reactivity and presumably the carcinogenic activity induced in aromatic hydrocarbons by hydroxylating enzymes may be due to the generation of electrophilic centers in some (benzo[a]pyrene) or nucleophilic centers in others (7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene or 3-methylcholanthrene). These centers, which are at positions complementary to the points of activation by acid-derived protons (models of the positive oxygen of the hydroxylating enzymes), may react simultaneously with corresponding cellular components.
Collapse
|
28
|
Zentgraf H, Deumling B, Jarasch ED, Franke WW. Nuclear Membranes and Plasma Membranes from Hen Erythrocytes. J Biol Chem 1971. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)62280-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
|
29
|
|
30
|
Tolson WW, Colson SH, Maris WS. Inhibition of casein hydrolysate induction and insulin induction of hepatic tyrosine transaminase in the rat. LIFE SCIENCES. PT. 2: BIOCHEMISTRY, GENERAL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 1970; 9:1207-15. [PMID: 4395120 DOI: 10.1016/0024-3205(70)90232-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
|
31
|
Berezney R, Funk LK, Crane FL. Electron transport in mammalian nuclei. II. Oxidative enzmes in a large-scale preparation of bovine liver nuclei. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1970; 223:61-70. [PMID: 4320758 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2728(70)90132-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
|
32
|
Berezney R, Funk LK, Crane FL. Nuclear electron transport. I. Electron transport enzymes in bovine liver nuclei and nuclear membrane. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1970; 38:93-8. [PMID: 4392152 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(70)91088-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
|
33
|
|
34
|
Tsuzuki J. The effect of monovalent cations on the incorporation of various amino acids in protein synthesis by isolated rat spleen nuclei. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1969; 182:580-2. [PMID: 5795496 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2787(69)90215-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
|
35
|
Gallwitz D, Mueller GC. Protein synthesis in nuclei isolated from HeLa cells. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1969; 9:431-8. [PMID: 5795518 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1969.tb00627.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
|
36
|
Badawy AA, White AE, Lathe GH. The effect of tannic acid on the synthesis of protein and nucleic acid by rat liver. Biochem J 1969; 113:307-13. [PMID: 5808319 PMCID: PMC1184637 DOI: 10.1042/bj1130307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
1. As early as 1hr. after the intraperitoneal administration of tannic acid to rats, it could be demonstrated in the liver. At 3hr. the nuclear fraction contained the largest amount of tannic acid. 2. Nuclear RNA synthesis was inhibited in vivo 2hr. after the administration of tannic acid. Induction by cortisol of tryptophan pyrrolase was 90% inhibited at 24hr. 3. Incorporation of [1-(14)C]leucine into protein by liver slices from treated rats was decreased by 50% after 24hr. Its incorporation into postmitochondrial supernatant from treated animals was not inhibited. Incorporation into slices and postmitochondrial supernatants were inhibited in vitro by tannic acid. 4. The sequence of events: concentration of tannic acid in nuclei, inhibition of nuclear RNA synthesis, inhibition of protein synthesis and production of necrosis, is discussed.
Collapse
|
37
|
Tsuzuki J, Naora H. Protein synthesis in isolated rat spleen nuclei. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1968; 169:550-2. [PMID: 5702974 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2787(68)90067-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
|
38
|
Arnold EA, Young DE, Stowell RE. Protein synthesis in nuclei isolated from frozen and thawed mouse liver. Exp Cell Res 1968; 52:1-12. [PMID: 4300099 DOI: 10.1016/0014-4827(68)90542-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
|
39
|
Clarke JA, Salsbury AJ, Rowland GF. Surface ultrastructure of human leucocytes, mouse macrophages and rat liver cells, and of isolated nuclei and nucleoli. Br J Haematol 1968; 14:533-42. [PMID: 5749756 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.1968.tb07005.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
|
40
|
|
41
|
INAMURA H, KATO T, KUROKAWA M. Protein Synthesis in Isolated Neuronal, Glial and Liver Nuclei. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1968. [DOI: 10.2183/pjab1945.44.974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi INAMURA
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo
| | - Takahiko KATO
- Biochemistry Division, Institute of Brain Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo
| | - Masanori KUROKAWA
- Biochemistry Division, Institute of Brain Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
|
43
|
Abstract
The hepatotoxic action of allyl formate on rat liver has been investigated. Biochemical changes can be detected in the liver cell many hours before the histological changes and it would appear that the toxin has a direct action on the liver parenchymal cell. The results suggest that allyl formate is not the toxic agent but that it is converted via allyl alcohol into acrolein. This reaction requires the presence of alcohol dehydrogenase. Histochemical studies have shown that this enzyme is localized in the periportal region of the liver lobule, and may explain why allyl formate solely produces a periportal necrosis. As glutathione and 1,4-dithiothreitol protect against the early biochemical changes produced by the poison, it is probable that acrolein alkylates proteins and nucleic acids.
Collapse
|
44
|
Vassar PS, Seaman GV, Dunn WL, Kanke L. Electrokinetic properties of nuclear surfaces. A comparison of nuclei from normal and regenerating rat liver. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1967; 135:218-24. [PMID: 6037356 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2736(67)90116-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
|
45
|
Clifford JI, Rees KR, Stevens ME. The effect of the aflatoxins B1, G1, and G2 on protein and nucleic acid synthesis in rat liver. Biochem J 1967; 103:258-61. [PMID: 6033768 PMCID: PMC1270395 DOI: 10.1042/bj1030258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
A comparison has been made of the difference spectra obtained by causing various aflatoxins (B(1), G(1) and G(2)) to interact with calf-thymus DNA. The effect of these toxins on RNA and protein synthesis by rat-liver slices has been measured. The extent of their inhibitory action on the synthetic reactions was proportional to the degree of spectral shift obtained with their interaction with DNA. It is proposed that their toxicity depends on this interaction. It was demonstrated that the RNA polymerase of nucleoli isolated from the livers of aflatoxin B(1)-poisoned rats was inhibited. This finding is in agreement with the proposed mechanism for the hepatotoxic action of aflatoxin.
Collapse
|
46
|
[50] The isolation and purification of mammalian cell nuclei. Methods Enzymol 1967. [DOI: 10.1016/s0076-6879(67)12060-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
|
47
|
Abstract
The administration of a single dose of aflatoxin B(1) to the rat (7mg./kg. body wt.) results in the slow development of a periportal necrosis. Hepatic enzymes are released into the serum in the second 24hr. of the poisoning, closely preceding the onset of the necrosis, which is followed by a rise in serum alkaline-phosphatase activity and bilirubin concentration. Aflatoxin B(1) has been detected in the nucleus of the poisoned liver cell and in vitro it has been shown to interact with DNA. The toxin inhibits the production of nuclear RNA, probably by preventing the transcription of DNA by the RNA polymerase. It is proposed that the interaction of the toxin with DNA gives rise to its inhibitory action on mitosis and its necrogenic action.
Collapse
|
48
|
Maggio R. Some properties of isolated nucleoli from guinea-pig liver. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1966; 119:641-4. [PMID: 5963034 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2787(66)90144-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
|
49
|
Sekeris CE, Schmid W, Gallwitz D, Lukacs I. Protein synthesis in the cell nucleus. I. Amino acid incorporation into protein by the aggregate enzyme of Weiss. Life Sci 1966; 5:969-75. [PMID: 4960548 DOI: 10.1016/0024-3205(66)90002-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
|
50
|
Griffin JB, Penniall R. Studies of phosphorus metabolism by isolated nuclei. VI. Labeled components of the acid-insoluble fraction. Arch Biochem Biophys 1966; 114:67-75. [PMID: 5954705 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(66)90306-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
|