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Li H, Bao L, Pan Y, Zhu X, Cheng J, Zhang J, Chu W. The role of miR-216a-mediated Nrf2 pathway in muscle oxidative stress of Siniperca chuatsi induced by cadmium. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 283:116863. [PMID: 39128454 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic heavy metal pollutant in the environment. Excessive Cd in water has toxic effects on fish, endangering their healthy growth and ultimately affecting the quality and safety of aquatic products. To evaluate the toxicity of excessive Cd to fish through potential oxidative damage, Siniperca chuatsi was exposed to Cd in water for 15 days. It was found that Cd exposure significantly decreased the survival rate of S. chuatsi and Cd was detected in their muscle. Meanwhile, Cd disrupts the redox balance by reducing antioxidant enzyme activities, increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in muscle, and promoting oxidative damage. Histomorphology showed that enlargement of muscle fiber gaps, cell swelling and vacuolar degeneration after Cd exposure. In addition, Cd toxicity induced up-regulating the expression of miR-216a, while down-regulation of Nrf2 protein and its downstream antioxidant enzyme genes expression. Further analysis revealed that miR-216a was significantly negatively correlated with the expression of Nrf2, and injection of miR-216a antagomir significantly enhanced the expression of Nrf2 and antioxidant enzyme genes, as well as the activity of antioxidant enzymes, thereby reducing the damage of Cd to fish. These results suggested that miR-216a-mediated Nrf2 signaling pathway plays an important role in Cd-induced oxidative stress of S. chuatsi muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honghui Li
- College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha 410022, PR China; Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center for Amphibian and Reptile Resource Protection and Product Processing, Changsha 410022, PR China.
| | - Lingsheng Bao
- College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha 410022, PR China; Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center for Amphibian and Reptile Resource Protection and Product Processing, Changsha 410022, PR China.
| | - Yaxiong Pan
- College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha 410022, PR China; Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center for Amphibian and Reptile Resource Protection and Product Processing, Changsha 410022, PR China
| | - Xin Zhu
- College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha 410022, PR China; Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center for Amphibian and Reptile Resource Protection and Product Processing, Changsha 410022, PR China
| | - Jia Cheng
- College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha 410022, PR China; Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center for Amphibian and Reptile Resource Protection and Product Processing, Changsha 410022, PR China
| | - Jianshe Zhang
- College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha 410022, PR China; Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center for Amphibian and Reptile Resource Protection and Product Processing, Changsha 410022, PR China
| | - Wuying Chu
- College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha 410022, PR China; Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center for Amphibian and Reptile Resource Protection and Product Processing, Changsha 410022, PR China.
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Szaefer H, Licznerska B, Baer-Dubowska W. The Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor and Its Crosstalk: A Chemopreventive Target of Naturally Occurring and Modified Phytochemicals. Molecules 2024; 29:4283. [PMID: 39339278 PMCID: PMC11433792 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29184283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2024] [Revised: 08/30/2024] [Accepted: 09/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is an environmentally sensitive transcription factor (TF) historically associated with carcinogenesis initiation via the activation of numerous carcinogens. Nowadays, the AhR has been attributed to multiple endogenous functions to maintain cellular homeostasis. Moreover, crosstalk, often reciprocal, has been found between the AhR and several other TFs, particularly estrogen receptors (ERs) and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor-2 (Nrf2). Adequate modulation of these signaling pathways seems to be an attractive strategy for cancer chemoprevention. Several naturally occurring and synthetically modified AhR or ER ligands and Nrf2 modulators have been described. Sulfur-containing derivatives of glucosinolates, such as indole-3-carbinol (I3C), and stilbene derivatives are particularly interesting in this context. I3C and its condensation product, 3,3'-diindolylmethane (DIM), are classic examples of blocking agents that increase drug-metabolizing enzyme activity through activation of the AhR. Still, they also affect multiple essential signaling pathways in preventing hormone-dependent cancer. Resveratrol is a competitive antagonist of several classic AhR ligands. Its analogs, with ortho-methoxy substituents, exert stronger antiproliferative and proapoptotic activity. In addition, they modulate AhR activity and estrogen metabolism. Their activity seems related to a number of methoxy groups introduced into the stilbene structure. This review summarizes the data on the chemopreventive potential of these classes of phytochemicals, in the context of AhR and its crosstalk modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Szaefer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 3 Rokietnicka Street, 60-806 Poznań, Poland
| | - Barbara Licznerska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 3 Rokietnicka Street, 60-806 Poznań, Poland
| | - Wanda Baer-Dubowska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 3 Rokietnicka Street, 60-806 Poznań, Poland
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Bahman F, Choudhry K, Al-Rashed F, Al-Mulla F, Sindhu S, Ahmad R. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor: current perspectives on key signaling partners and immunoregulatory role in inflammatory diseases. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1421346. [PMID: 39211042 PMCID: PMC11358079 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1421346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a versatile environmental sensor and transcription factor found throughout the body, responding to a wide range of small molecules originating from the environment, our diets, host microbiomes, and internal metabolic processes. Increasing evidence highlights AhR's role as a critical regulator of numerous biological functions, such as cellular differentiation, immune response, metabolism, and even tumor formation. Typically located in the cytoplasm, AhR moves to the nucleus upon activation by an agonist where it partners with either the aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator (ARNT) or hypoxia-inducible factor 1β (HIF-1β). This complex then interacts with xenobiotic response elements (XREs) to control the expression of key genes. AhR is notably present in various crucial immune cells, and recent research underscores its significant impact on both innate and adaptive immunity. This review delves into the latest insights on AhR's structure, activating ligands, and its multifaceted roles. We explore the sophisticated molecular pathways through which AhR influences immune and lymphoid cells, emphasizing its emerging importance in managing inflammatory diseases. Furthermore, we discuss the exciting potential of developing targeted therapies that modulate AhR activity, opening new avenues for medical intervention in immune-related conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemah Bahman
- Department of Immunology & Microbiology, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait
| | - Khubaib Choudhry
- Department of Human Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Fatema Al-Rashed
- Department of Immunology & Microbiology, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait
| | - Fahd Al-Mulla
- Department of Translational Research, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait
| | - Sardar Sindhu
- Department of Immunology & Microbiology, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait
- Animal & Imaging Core Facilities, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait
| | - Rasheed Ahmad
- Department of Immunology & Microbiology, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait
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Moubarak MM, Pagano Zottola AC, Larrieu CM, Cuvellier S, Daubon T, Martin OCB. Exploring the multifaceted role of NRF2 in brain physiology and cancer: A comprehensive review. Neurooncol Adv 2024; 6:vdad160. [PMID: 38221979 PMCID: PMC10785770 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdad160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic oxidative stress plays a critical role in the development of brain malignancies due to the high rate of brain oxygen utilization and concomitant production of reactive oxygen species. The nuclear factor-erythroid-2-related factor 2 (NRF2), a master regulator of antioxidant signaling, is a key factor in regulating brain physiology and the development of age-related neurodegenerative diseases. Also, NRF2 is known to exert a protective antioxidant effect against the onset of oxidative stress-induced diseases, including cancer, along with its pro-oncogenic activities through regulating various signaling pathways and downstream target genes. In glioblastoma (GB), grade 4 glioma, tumor resistance, and recurrence are caused by the glioblastoma stem cell population constituting a small bulk of the tumor core. The persistence and self-renewal capacity of these cell populations is enhanced by NRF2 expression in GB tissues. This review outlines NRF2's dual involvement in cancer and highlights its regulatory role in human brain physiology and diseases, in addition to the development of primary brain tumors and therapeutic potential, with a focus on GB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya M Moubarak
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, IBGC, UMR 5095, Bordeaux, France
| | | | | | | | - Thomas Daubon
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, IBGC, UMR 5095, Bordeaux, France
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Lungu-Mitea S, Han Y, Lundqvist J. Development, scrutiny, and modulation of transient reporter gene assays of the xenobiotic metabolism pathway in zebrafish hepatocytes. Cell Biol Toxicol 2023; 39:991-1013. [PMID: 34654992 PMCID: PMC10406726 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-021-09659-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The "toxicology in the twenty-first century" paradigm shift demands the development of alternative in vitro test systems. Especially in the field of ecotoxicology, coverage of aquatic species-specific assays is relatively scarce. Transient reporter gene assays could be a quick, economical, and reliable bridging technology. However, the user should be aware of potential pitfalls that are influenced by reporter vector geometry. Here, we report the development of an AhR-responsive transient reporter-gene assay in the permanent zebrafish hepatocytes cell line (ZFL). Additionally, we disclose how viral, constitutive promoters within reporter-gene assay cassettes induce squelching of the primary signal. To counter this, we designed a novel normalization vector, bearing an endogenous zebrafish-derived genomic promoter (zfEF1aPro), which rescues the squelching-delimited system, thus, giving new insights into the modulation of transient reporter systems under xenobiotic stress. Finally, we uncovered how the ubiquitously used ligand BNF promiscuously activates multiple toxicity pathways of the xenobiotic metabolism and cellular stress response in an orchestral manner, presumably leading to a concentration-related inhibition of the AhR/ARNT/XRE-toxicity pathway and non-monotonous concentration-response curves. We named such a multi-level inhibitory mechanism that might mask effects as "maisonette squelching." A transient reporter gene assay in zebrafish cell lines utilizing endogenous regulatory gene elements shows increased in vitro toxicity testing performance. Synthetic and constitutive promotors interfere with signal transduction ("squelching") and might increase cellular stress (cytotoxicity). The squelching phenomenon might occur on multiple levels (toxicity pathway crosstalk and normalization vector), leading to a complete silencing of the reporter signal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Lungu-Mitea
- Department of Biomedicine and Veterinary Public Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7028, 750 07, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Yuxin Han
- Department of Biomedicine and Veterinary Public Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7028, 750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Johan Lundqvist
- Department of Biomedicine and Veterinary Public Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7028, 750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
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Butterfield DA, Boyd-Kimball D, Reed TT. Cellular Stress Response (Hormesis) in Response to Bioactive Nutraceuticals with Relevance to Alzheimer Disease. Antioxid Redox Signal 2023; 38:643-669. [PMID: 36656673 PMCID: PMC10025851 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2022.0214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Significance: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia associated with aging. As the large Baby Boomer population ages, risk of developing AD increases significantly, and this portion of the population will increase significantly over the next several decades. Recent Advances: Research suggests that a delay in the age of onset by 5 years can dramatically decrease both the incidence and cost of AD. In this review, the role of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in AD is examined in the context of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and biliverdin reductase-A (BVR-A) and the beneficial potential of selected bioactive nutraceuticals. Critical Issues: Nrf2, a transcription factor that binds to enhancer sequences in antioxidant response elements (ARE) of DNA, is significantly decreased in AD brain. Downstream targets of Nrf2 include, among other proteins, HO-1. BVR-A is activated when biliverdin is produced. Both HO-1 and BVR-A also are oxidatively or nitrosatively modified in AD brain and in its earlier stage, amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI), contributing to the oxidative stress, altered insulin signaling, and cellular damage observed in the pathogenesis and progression of AD. Bioactive nutraceuticals exhibit anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective properties and are potential topics of future clinical research. Specifically, ferulic acid ethyl ester, sulforaphane, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, and resveratrol target Nrf2 and have shown potential to delay the progression of AD in animal models and in some studies involving MCI patients. Future Directions: Understanding the regulation of Nrf2 and its downstream targets can potentially elucidate therapeutic options for delaying the progression of AD. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 38, 643-669.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Allan Butterfield
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Debra Boyd-Kimball
- Department of Biochemistry, Chemistry, and Physics, University of Mount Union, Alliance, Ohio, USA
| | - Tanea T. Reed
- Department of Chemistry, Eastern Kentucky University, Richmond, Kentucky, USA
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Patil NY, Friedman JE, Joshi AD. Role of Hepatic Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. RECEPTORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 2:1-15. [PMID: 37284280 PMCID: PMC10240927 DOI: 10.3390/receptors2010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Numerous nuclear receptors including farnesoid X receptor, liver X receptor, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors, pregnane X receptor, hepatic nuclear factors have been extensively studied within the context of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Following the first description of the Aryl hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR) in the 1970s and decades of research which unveiled its role in toxicity and pathophysiological processes, the functional significance of AhR in NAFLD has not been completely decoded. Recently, multiple research groups have utilized a plethora of in vitro and in vivo models that mimic NAFLD pathology to investigate the functional significance of AhR in fatty liver disease. This review provides a comprehensive account of studies describing both the beneficial and possible detrimental role of AhR in NAFLD. A plausible reconciliation for the paradox indicating AhR as a 'double-edged sword' in NAFLD is discussed. Finally, understanding AhR ligands and their signaling in NAFLD will facilitate us to probe AhR as a potential drug target to design innovative therapeutics against NAFLD in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikhil Y. Patil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73117, USA
| | - Jacob E. Friedman
- Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73117, USA
| | - Aditya D. Joshi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73117, USA
- Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73117, USA
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Bérubé R, Garnier C, Lefebvre-Raine M, Gauthier C, Bergeron N, Triffault-Bouchet G, Langlois VS, Couture P. Early developmental toxicity of Atlantic salmon exposed to conventional and unconventional oils. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 250:114487. [PMID: 36587413 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Atlantic salmon is an important species for Canadian culture and economy and its importance extends beyond Canada to Scandinavia and Western Europe. However, it is a vulnerable species facing decline due to habitat contamination and destruction. Existing and new Canadian pipeline projects pose a threat to salmonid habitat. The effects of diluted bitumen (dilbit), the main oil circulating in pipelines, are less studied than those of conventional oils, especially during the critical early embryonic developmental stage occurring in freshwater ecosystems. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the effects of water-accommodated fractions (WAF) of the Clearwater McMurray dilbit and the Lloydminster Heavy conventional oil on Atlantic salmon embryos exposed either from fertilization or from eyed stage. The dilbit contained the highest concentrations of low molecular weight (LMW) compounds (including BTEX and C6-C10), while the conventional oil contained the highest concentrations of PAHs. The Clearwater dilbit caused a higher percentage of mortality and malformations than the conventional oil at similar WAF concentrations. In addition, the embryos exposed from fertilization suffered a higher mortality rate, more developmental delays, and malformations than embryos exposed from the eyed stage, suggesting that early development is the most sensitive developmental stage to oil exposure. Gene expression and enzymatic activity of the detoxification phase I and II enzymes (CYP1A and GST) were measured. Data showed increases in both cyp1a expression and GST activity with increasing WAF concentrations, while gst expression was not affected by the exposures. Also, gene expression of proteins involved in the biotransformation of vitamin A and DNA damage repair were modified by the oil exposures. Overall, this study indicates that Atlantic salmon is mostly affected by oil exposure at the beginning of its development, during which embryos accumulate deformities that may impact their survival at later life stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxanne Bérubé
- Institut national de la recherche scientifique (INRS), Centre Eau Terre Environnement, 490 rue de la Couronne, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Camille Garnier
- Institut national de la recherche scientifique (INRS), Centre Eau Terre Environnement, 490 rue de la Couronne, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Molly Lefebvre-Raine
- Institut national de la recherche scientifique (INRS), Centre Eau Terre Environnement, 490 rue de la Couronne, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Charles Gauthier
- Institut national de la recherche scientifique (INRS), Centre Eau Terre Environnement, 490 rue de la Couronne, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Normand Bergeron
- Institut national de la recherche scientifique (INRS), Centre Eau Terre Environnement, 490 rue de la Couronne, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Gaëlle Triffault-Bouchet
- CEAEQ, Ministère de l'Environnement et de la Lutte contre les changements climatiques, 2700 rue Einstein, Québec, Canada
| | - Valérie S Langlois
- Institut national de la recherche scientifique (INRS), Centre Eau Terre Environnement, 490 rue de la Couronne, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Patrice Couture
- Institut national de la recherche scientifique (INRS), Centre Eau Terre Environnement, 490 rue de la Couronne, Québec, QC, Canada.
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Gumbarewicz E, Jarząb A, Stepulak A, Kukula-Koch W. Zingiber officinale Rosc. in the Treatment of Metabolic Syndrome Disorders-A Review of In Vivo Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:15545. [PMID: 36555184 PMCID: PMC9779757 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a protective reaction of the innate immune system as a response to imbalances caused by a specific stimulus, a disease or a pathogen. A prolonged inflammatory condition may lead to the development of metabolic syndrome, which affects more than one-fourth of the world's population. This condition leads to the development of multi-organ disorders based on disrupted blood lipid and sugar levels, hypertension and oxidative stress. The review aims to present Zingiber officinale Rosc. as a plant that exhibits a variety of healing properties and restores the organism's equilibrium. Ginger (GI) rhizomes have been commonly used in traditional medicine to treat arthritis, stomach ache, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, rheumatism, nervous system syndromes, asthma, diabetes and nausea caused by pregnancy or chemotherapy. This review gathers together data from in vivo experiments related to the application of ginger for the treatment of inflammatory conditions, obesity, diabetes and other related disorders as a consequence of metabolic syndrome, including the confirmed molecular mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Gumbarewicz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Agata Jarząb
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Andrzej Stepulak
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Wirginia Kukula-Koch
- Department of Pharmacognosy with Medicinal Plants Garden, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
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Nishida-Tamehiro K, Kimura A, Tsubata T, Takahashi S, Suzuki H. Antioxidative enzyme NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) modulates the differentiation of Th17 cells by regulating ROS levels. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0272090. [PMID: 35905076 PMCID: PMC9337673 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) is a flavoprotein that catalyzes two-electron reduction of quinone to hydroquinone by using nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADPH), and functions as a scavenger for reactive oxygen species (ROS). The function of NQO1 in the immune response is not well known. In the present study, we demonstrated that Nqo1-deficient T cells exhibited reduced induction of T helper 17 cells (Th17) in vitro during Th17(23)- and Th17(β)- skewing conditions. Nqo1-deficient mice showed ameliorated symptoms in a Th17-dependent autoimmune Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model. Impaired Th17-differentiation was caused by overproduction of the immunosuppressive cytokine, IL-10. Increased IL-10 production in Nqo1-deficient Th17 cells was associated with elevated intracellular Reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Furthermore, overproduction of IL-10 in Th17 (β) cells was responsible for the ROS-dependent increase of c-avian musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma (c-maf) expression, despite the lack of dependency of c-maf in Th17(23) cells. Taken together, the results reveal a novel role of NQO1 in promoting Th17 development through the suppression of ROS mediated IL-10 production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoko Nishida-Tamehiro
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Research Center for Hepatitis and Immunology, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Ichikawa-shi, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Immunology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akihiro Kimura
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Research Center for Hepatitis and Immunology, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Ichikawa-shi, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takeshi Tsubata
- Department of Immunology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoru Takahashi
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Laboratory Animal Resource Center in Transborder Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Harumi Suzuki
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Research Center for Hepatitis and Immunology, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Ichikawa-shi, Chiba, Japan
- * E-mail:
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11
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Grishanova AY, Perepechaeva ML. Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor in Oxidative Stress as a Double Agent and Its Biological and Therapeutic Significance. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:6719. [PMID: 35743162 PMCID: PMC9224361 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) has long been implicated in the induction of a battery of genes involved in the metabolism of xenobiotics and endogenous compounds. AhR is a ligand-activated transcription factor necessary for the launch of transcriptional responses important in health and disease. In past decades, evidence has accumulated that AhR is associated with the cellular response to oxidative stress, and this property of AhR must be taken into account during investigations into a mechanism of action of xenobiotics that is able to activate AhR or that is susceptible to metabolic activation by enzymes encoded by the genes that are under the control of AhR. In this review, we examine various mechanisms by which AhR takes part in the oxidative-stress response, including antioxidant and prooxidant enzymes and cytochrome P450. We also show that AhR, as a participant in the redox balance and as a modulator of redox signals, is being increasingly studied as a target for a new class of therapeutic compounds and as an explanation for the pathogenesis of some disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria L. Perepechaeva
- Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Timakova Str. 2, 630117 Novosibirsk, Russia;
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12
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Targeting HIF-1α Function in Cancer through the Chaperone Action of NQO1: Implications of Genetic Diversity of NQO1. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12050747. [PMID: 35629169 PMCID: PMC9146583 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12050747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
HIF-1α is a master regulator of oxygen homeostasis involved in different stages of cancer development. Thus, HIF-1α inhibition represents an interesting target for anti-cancer therapy. It was recently shown that the HIF-1α interaction with NQO1 inhibits proteasomal degradation of the former, thus suggesting that targeting the stability and/or function of NQO1 could lead to the destabilization of HIF-1α as a therapeutic approach. Since the molecular interactions of NQO1 with HIF-1α are beginning to be unraveled, in this review we discuss: (1) Structure–function relationships of HIF-1α; (2) our current knowledge on the intracellular functions and stability of NQO1; (3) the pharmacological modulation of NQO1 by small ligands regarding function and stability; (4) the potential effects of genetic variability of NQO1 in HIF-1α levels and function; (5) the molecular determinants of NQO1 as a chaperone of many different proteins including cancer-associated factors such as HIF-1α, p53 and p73α. This knowledge is then further discussed in the context of potentially targeting the intracellular stability of HIF-1α by acting on its chaperone, NQO1. This could result in novel anti-cancer therapies, always considering that the substantial genetic variability in NQO1 would likely result in different phenotypic responses among individuals.
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Bárta F, Dedíková A, Bebová M, Dušková Š, Mráz J, Schmeiser HH, Arlt VM, Hodek P, Stiborová M. Co-Exposure to Aristolochic Acids I and II Increases DNA Adduct Formation Responsible for Aristolochic Acid I-Mediated Carcinogenicity in Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910479. [PMID: 34638820 PMCID: PMC8509051 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The plant extract aristolochic acid (AA), containing aristolochic acids I (AAI) and II (AAII) as major components, causes aristolochic acid nephropathy (AAN) and Balkan endemic nephropathy (BEN), unique renal diseases associated with upper urothelial cancer. Recently (Chemical Research in Toxicology 33(11), 2804–2818, 2020), we showed that the in vivo metabolism of AAI and AAII in Wistar rats is influenced by their co-exposure (i.e., AAI/AAII mixture). Using the same rat model, we investigated how exposure to the AAI/AAII mixture can influence AAI and AAII DNA adduct formation (i.e., AA-mediated genotoxicity). Using 32P-postlabelling, we found that AA-DNA adduct formation was increased in the livers and kidneys of rats treated with AAI/AAII mixture compared to rats treated with AAI or AAII alone. Measuring the activity of enzymes involved in AA metabolism, we showed that enhanced AA-DNA adduct formation might be caused partially by both decreased AAI detoxification as a result of hepatic CYP2C11 inhibition during treatment with AAI/AAII mixture and by hepatic or renal NQO1 induction, the key enzyme predominantly activating AA to DNA adducts. Moreover, our results indicate that AAII might act as an inhibitor of AAI detoxification in vivo. Consequently, higher amounts of AAI might remain in liver and kidney tissues, which can be reductively activated, resulting in enhanced AAI DNA adduct formation. Collectively, these results indicate that AAII present in the plant extract AA enhances the genotoxic properties of AAI (i.e., AAI DNA adduct formation). As patients suffering from AAN and BEN are always exposed to the plant extract (i.e., AAI/AAII mixture), our findings are crucial to better understanding host factors critical for AAN- and BEN-associated urothelial malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- František Bárta
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic; (F.B.); (A.D.); (M.B.); (P.H.); (M.S.)
| | - Alena Dedíková
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic; (F.B.); (A.D.); (M.B.); (P.H.); (M.S.)
| | - Michaela Bebová
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic; (F.B.); (A.D.); (M.B.); (P.H.); (M.S.)
| | - Šárka Dušková
- Centre of Occupational Health, National Institute of Public Health, Šrobárova 48, 100 42 Prague 10, Czech Republic; (Š.D.); (J.M.)
| | - Jaroslav Mráz
- Centre of Occupational Health, National Institute of Public Health, Šrobárova 48, 100 42 Prague 10, Czech Republic; (Š.D.); (J.M.)
| | - Heinz H. Schmeiser
- Division of Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
| | - Volker M. Arlt
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Forensic Sciences Division, King’s College London, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, UK
- Toxicology Department, GAB Consulting GmbH, Heinrich-Fuchs-Str. 96, 69126 Heidelberg, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-6221-432018-0
| | - Petr Hodek
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic; (F.B.); (A.D.); (M.B.); (P.H.); (M.S.)
| | - Marie Stiborová
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic; (F.B.); (A.D.); (M.B.); (P.H.); (M.S.)
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Moreau PR, Tomas Bosch V, Bouvy-Liivrand M, Õunap K, Örd T, Pulkkinen HH, Pölönen P, Heinäniemi M, Ylä-Herttuala S, Laakkonen JP, Linna-Kuosmanen S, Kaikkonen MU. Profiling of Primary and Mature miRNA Expression in Atherosclerosis-Associated Cell Types. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2021; 41:2149-2167. [PMID: 33980036 PMCID: PMC8216629 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.121.315579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre R. Moreau
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio (P.R.M., V.T.B., K.O., T.O., H.H.P., S.Y.-H., J.P.L., S.L.-K., M.U.K.)
| | - Vanesa Tomas Bosch
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio (P.R.M., V.T.B., K.O., T.O., H.H.P., S.Y.-H., J.P.L., S.L.-K., M.U.K.)
| | - Maria Bouvy-Liivrand
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio (M.B.-L., P.P., M.H.)
- Now with Genevia Technologies Oy, Tampere, Finland (M.B.-L.)
| | - Kadri Õunap
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio (P.R.M., V.T.B., K.O., T.O., H.H.P., S.Y.-H., J.P.L., S.L.-K., M.U.K.)
| | - Tiit Örd
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio (P.R.M., V.T.B., K.O., T.O., H.H.P., S.Y.-H., J.P.L., S.L.-K., M.U.K.)
| | - Heidi H. Pulkkinen
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio (P.R.M., V.T.B., K.O., T.O., H.H.P., S.Y.-H., J.P.L., S.L.-K., M.U.K.)
| | - Petri Pölönen
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio (M.B.-L., P.P., M.H.)
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN (P.P.)
| | - Merja Heinäniemi
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio (M.B.-L., P.P., M.H.)
| | - Seppo Ylä-Herttuala
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio (P.R.M., V.T.B., K.O., T.O., H.H.P., S.Y.-H., J.P.L., S.L.-K., M.U.K.)
| | - Johanna P. Laakkonen
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio (P.R.M., V.T.B., K.O., T.O., H.H.P., S.Y.-H., J.P.L., S.L.-K., M.U.K.)
| | - Suvi Linna-Kuosmanen
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio (P.R.M., V.T.B., K.O., T.O., H.H.P., S.Y.-H., J.P.L., S.L.-K., M.U.K.)
- Now with MIT Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Cambridge, MA, and Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA (S.L.-K.)
| | - Minna U. Kaikkonen
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio (P.R.M., V.T.B., K.O., T.O., H.H.P., S.Y.-H., J.P.L., S.L.-K., M.U.K.)
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15
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Fu H, You S, Zhao D, An Q, Zhang J, Wang C, Wang D, Li M. Tremella fuciformis polysaccharides inhibit UVA-induced photodamage of human dermal fibroblast cells by activating up-regulating Nrf2/Keap1 pathways. J Cosmet Dermatol 2021; 20:4052-4059. [PMID: 33686752 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.14051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND UVA radiation can cause skin oxidative stress. Tremella fuciformis polysaccharides (TFPS) are the main active ingredient in Tremella. Previous studies have shown that TFPS have protective effects on UVA-induced oxidative stress cells, but the specific protective mechanism has not been clarified. OBJECTIVE This study aims to explore the potential protective mechanism of Tremella fuciformis polysaccharides on UVA-induced damage to human dermal fibroblasts cells. METHODS We evaluated the protective ability of TFPS against UVA-induced damage by detecting cell survival rate, the content of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the cells, and the scavenging activity of ABTS free radicals, as well as the enzyme activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and the Nrf2-Keap-1 pathway protein and gene were measured to study the protective mechanism of TFPS from photodamage. RESULTS TFPS pretreatment can reduce the oxidative stress of UVA-treated human dermal fibroblasts cells. After TFPS pretreatment, the content of ROS and MDA in the cell decreased significantly and the total antioxidant activity was increased. Among them, the active of CAT, SOD, and GSH-Px in the cells increased significantly. TFPS can also protect fibroblasts by up-regulating Nrf2 and down-regulating Keap1 expression. Finally, it was also found that TFPS pretreatment increased the content of collagen I, elastin, and hyaluronic acid (HA) in skin fibroblasts treated with UVA. CONCLUSION These results indicate that a certain concentration of TFPS can effectively alleviate skin damage caused by UVA, and they may be used as an effective component of cosmetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Fu
- Beijing Key Lab of Plant Resource Research and Development, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - ShiQuan You
- Beijing Key Lab of Plant Resource Research and Development, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Dan Zhao
- Beijing Key Lab of Plant Resource Research and Development, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Quan An
- Yunnan Baiyao Group Co., Ltd., Kunming, China
| | - Jiachan Zhang
- Beijing Key Lab of Plant Resource Research and Development, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Changtao Wang
- Beijing Key Lab of Plant Resource Research and Development, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Dongdong Wang
- Beijing Key Lab of Plant Resource Research and Development, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Li
- Beijing Key Lab of Plant Resource Research and Development, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
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16
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Padmavathi G, Ramkumar KM. MicroRNA mediated regulation of the major redox homeostasis switch, Nrf2, and its impact on oxidative stress-induced ischemic/reperfusion injury. Arch Biochem Biophys 2021; 698:108725. [PMID: 33326800 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2020.108725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) initiates from oxidative stress caused by lack of blood supply and subsequent reperfusion. It is often associated with sterile inflammation, cell death and microvascular dysfunction, which ultimately results in myocardial, cerebral and hepatic IRIs. Reportedly, deregulation of Nrf2 pathway plays a significant role in the oxidative stress-induced IRIs. Further, microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) are proved to regulate the expression and activation of Nrf2 by targeting either the 3'-UTR or the upstream regulators of Nrf2. Additionally, compounds (crocin, ZnSO4 and ginsenoside Rg1) that modulate the levels of the Nrf2-regulating miRNAs were found to exhibit a protective effect against IRIs of different organs. Therefore, the current review briefs the impact of ischemia reperfusion (I/R) pathogenesis in various organs, role of miRNAs in the regulation of Nrf2 and the I/R protective effect of compounds that alter their expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganesan Padmavathi
- SRM Research Institute, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kunka Mohanram Ramkumar
- SRM Research Institute, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India; Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India.
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17
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Huang Y, Xia Y, Tao Y, Jin H, Ji C, Aniagu S, Chen T, Jiang Y. Protective effects of resveratrol against the cardiac developmental toxicity of trichloroethylene in zebrafish embryos. Toxicology 2021; 452:152697. [PMID: 33524428 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.152697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Trichloroethylene (TCE), a prevalent environmental contaminant, has been shown to induce cardiac malformations. Resveratrol (RSV) is a natural polyphenolic compound exhibiting protective effects on heart development. To investigate if RSV could protect against TCE-induced heart defects, we exposed zebrafish embryos to TCE (10 ppb) in the presence or absence of RSV (1 μg/mL). Our results showed that RSV significantly attenuated TCE-induced heart defects in zebrafish embryos. The TCE-induced ROS (reactive oxygen species) generation, 8-OHdG (8-hydroxy-2`-deoxyguanosine) formation and cell proliferation were significantly counteracted by RSV. Moreover, RSV attenuated the TCE-induced changes in mRNA expression or activity of genes involved in AHR and Nrf2 signal pathways. We further showed that RSV might inhibit TCE-enhanced cell proliferation by rescuing the downregulation of the p53/p21 axis. In conclusion, our data demonstrates that RSV protects against the cardiac developmental toxicity of TCE by inhibiting AHR activity, oxidative stress and cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Huang
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ying Xia
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yizhou Tao
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Hongmei Jin
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Cheng Ji
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Stanley Aniagu
- Toxicology, Risk Assessment, and Research Division, Texas Commission on Environmental Quality, 12015 Park 35 Cir, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Tao Chen
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
| | - Yan Jiang
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
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18
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Wu P, Chen L, Cheng J, Pan Y, Guo X, Chu W, Zhang J, Liu X. MiRNAs-Modulation of Nrf2 Signaling Networks in Regulation Oxidative Stress of Chinese Perch Skeletal Muscle After Fasting Treatment. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2020; 22:620-630. [PMID: 32839828 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-020-09982-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Nrf2 is an important transcription factor involved in the antioxidant response and is widely expressed in animal tissues. The function of Nrf2 is regulated by its negative regulator Keap1 by inducing its cytoplasmic degradation. Recent studies have suggested that Nrf2 is also regulated post-transcriptionally via miRNAs. However, to date, how miRNAs regulate Nrf2 in fish skeletal muscles is unknown. In this study, the full-length cDNAs with 2398 bp of the Nrf2 was firstly cloned by SMART RACE amplification tools from Chinese perch. The Nrf2 gene structure and its 3'-UTR region for possible miRNA binding sites, as well as its spatial expression profile were assayed. Then, we employed TargetScan Fish tool MiRNAnome to predict putative sites for five miRNAs including miR-181a-5p, MiR-194a, MiR-216a, miR-459-5p, and miR-724. Using qRT-PCR assay, we found that Nrf2 mRNA levels have negative correlation with all five miRNAs expression in muscle of nutritionally deprived fish, and that ectopic expression of miR-181a-5p alone reduces Nrf2 mRNA levels. Luciferase reporter assay in a heterologous cell system revealed that each of the five miRNAs reduced Nrf2 expression, suggesting a direct regulatory mechanism. Moreover, the miR-181a-5p suppression using specific antagomir led to a significant increase in Nrf2 expression in vivo. At the same time, the expression levels of the antioxidant enzymes CAT, ZnSOD, GPx, GSTA, and GSTA genes increased significantly after injecting miR-181a-5p antagomir. Taken together, these findings provide evidence that miRNAs are involved in the Nrf2 signaling networks in regulation of oxidative stress in fish, at least in Chinese perch muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wu
- State Key laboratory of Chemo/Biosening and Chemomertrics, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Quality Control of Aquatic Animals, Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha, 410022, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Quality Control of Aquatic Animals, Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha, 410022, China
| | - Jia Cheng
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Quality Control of Aquatic Animals, Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha, 410022, China
| | - Yaxiong Pan
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Quality Control of Aquatic Animals, Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha, 410022, China
| | - Xinhong Guo
- State Key laboratory of Chemo/Biosening and Chemomertrics, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Wuying Chu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Quality Control of Aquatic Animals, Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha, 410022, China
| | - Jianshe Zhang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Quality Control of Aquatic Animals, Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha, 410022, China.
| | - Xuanming Liu
- State Key laboratory of Chemo/Biosening and Chemomertrics, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China.
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Chen KK, Minakuchi M, Wuputra K, Ku CC, Pan JB, Kuo KK, Lin YC, Saito S, Lin CS, Yokoyama KK. Redox control in the pathophysiology of influenza virus infection. BMC Microbiol 2020; 20:214. [PMID: 32689931 PMCID: PMC7370268 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-020-01890-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Triggered in response to external and internal ligands in cells and animals, redox homeostasis is transmitted via signal molecules involved in defense redox mechanisms through networks of cell proliferation, differentiation, intracellular detoxification, bacterial infection, and immune reactions. Cellular oxidation is not necessarily harmful per se, but its effects depend on the balance between the peroxidation and antioxidation cascades, which can vary according to the stimulus and serve to maintain oxygen homeostasis. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) that are generated during influenza virus (IV) infection have critical effects on both the virus and host cells. In this review, we outline the link between viral infection and redox control using IV infection as an example. We discuss the current state of knowledge on the molecular relationship between cellular oxidation mediated by ROS accumulation and the diversity of IV infection. We also summarize the potential anti-IV agents available currently that act by targeting redox biology/pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ker-Kong Chen
- School of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
- Department of Densitory, Kaohisung University Hospital, Kaohisung, 807, Taiwan
| | - Moeko Minakuchi
- Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseca University, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 162-8480, Japan
| | - Kenly Wuputra
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100 Shih-Chuan 1st Rd., San-Ming District, Kaohsiung, 80807, Taiwan
- Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chen Ku
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100 Shih-Chuan 1st Rd., San-Ming District, Kaohsiung, 80807, Taiwan
- Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Bin Pan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100 Shih-Chuan 1st Rd., San-Ming District, Kaohsiung, 80807, Taiwan
- Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
| | - Kung-Kai Kuo
- Department Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chu Lin
- School of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
| | - Shigeo Saito
- Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseca University, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 162-8480, Japan
- Saito Laboratory of Cell Technology Institute, Yalta, Tochigi, 329-1471, Japan
| | - Chang-Shen Lin
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100 Shih-Chuan 1st Rd., San-Ming District, Kaohsiung, 80807, Taiwan.
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan.
| | - Kazunari K Yokoyama
- Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseca University, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 162-8480, Japan.
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100 Shih-Chuan 1st Rd., San-Ming District, Kaohsiung, 80807, Taiwan.
- Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan.
- Cell Therapy and Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan.
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S-allylmercaptocysteine improves nonalcoholic steatohepatitis by enhancing AHR/NRF2-mediated drug metabolising enzymes and reducing NF-κB/IκBα and NLRP3/6-mediated inflammation. Eur J Nutr 2020; 60:961-973. [PMID: 32556446 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-020-02305-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the novel molecular mechanisms of the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of S-allylmercaptocysteine (SAMC) based on a transcriptomic study in a nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) rat model METHODS: NASH was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats by feeding with a high fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks. 200 mg/kg SAMC was fed by oral gavage for 4 weeks from 9 to 12 week. RESULTS SAMC co-administration attenuated HFD-induced liver injury, including the increased serum ALT, hepatic oxidative stress and inflammation. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that SAMC dramatically induced the XRE- and ARE-driven drug metabolising enzymes (DMEs) including Akr7a3, Akr1b8, and Nqo1. The nuclear translocation of the upstream regulator of xenobiotics metabolism, AHR, and regulator of antioxidant responses, NRF2, were significantly increased by SAMC treatment. Furthermore, SAMC counteracted the effects of HFD on NF-κB/IκB and NLRP3/6 pathways with decreasing protein levels of ASC, cleaved caspase-1, IL-18, and IL-1β. These results were further verified in another mice NASH model induced by an MCD diet with SAMC co-administration. CONCLUSION We propose that SAMC triggers AHR/NRF2-mediated antioxidant responses which may further suppress the NLRP3/6 inflammasome pathway and NF-κB activation, contributing to the improvement of NASH.
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21
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Vogel CFA, Van Winkle LS, Esser C, Haarmann-Stemmann T. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor as a target of environmental stressors - Implications for pollution mediated stress and inflammatory responses. Redox Biol 2020; 34:101530. [PMID: 32354640 PMCID: PMC7327980 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 228] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor regulating the expression of genes, for instance encoding the monooxygenases cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A1 and CYP1A2, which are important enzymes in metabolism of xenobiotics. The AHR is activated upon binding of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), persistent organic pollutants (POPs), and related ubiquitous environmental chemicals, to mediate their biological and toxic effects. In addition, several endogenous and natural compounds can bind to AHR, thereby modulating a variety of physiological processes. In recent years, ambient particulate matter (PM) associated with traffic related air pollution (TRAP) has been found to contain significant amounts of PAHs. PM containing PAHs are of increasing concern as a class of agonists, which can activate the AHR. Several reports show that PM and AHR-mediated induction of CYP1A1 results in excessive generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), causing oxidative stress. Furthermore, exposure to PM and PAHs induce inflammatory responses and may lead to chronic inflammatory diseases, including asthma, cardiovascular diseases, and increased cancer risk. In this review, we summarize findings showing the critical role that the AHR plays in mediating effects of environmental pollutants and stressors, which pose a risk of impacting the environment and human health. PAHs present on ambient air pollution particles are ligands of the cellular AHR. AHR-dependent induction of CYP1, AKR, NOX and COX-2 genes can be a source of ROS generation. AHR signaling and NRF2 signaling interact to regulate the expression of antioxidant genes. Air pollution and ROS can affect inflammation, which is partially triggered by AHR and associated immune responses. Skin, lung, and the cardiovascular system are major target sites for air pollution-induced inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph F A Vogel
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA; Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Laura S Van Winkle
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA; School of Veterinary Medicine Department of Anatomy, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 5616, USA
| | - Charlotte Esser
- IUF - Leibniz-Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
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22
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Jin H, Ji C, Ren F, Aniagu S, Tong J, Jiang Y, Chen T. AHR-mediated oxidative stress contributes to the cardiac developmental toxicity of trichloroethylene in zebrafish embryos. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 385:121521. [PMID: 31699484 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Trichloroethylene (TCE), a widely used chlorinated solvent, is a common environmental pollutant. Current evidence shows that TCE could induce heart defects during embryonic development, but the underlining mechanism(s) remain unclear. Since activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) could induce oxidative stress, we hypothesized that AHR-mediated oxidative stress may play a role in the cardiac developmental toxicity of TCE. In this study, we found that the reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger, N-Acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), and AHR inhibitors, CH223191 (CH) and StemRegenin 1, significantly counteracted the TCE-induced heart malformations in zebrafish embryos. Moreover, both CH and NAC suppressed TCE-induced ROS and 8-OHdG (8-hydroxy-2' -deoxyguanosine). TCE did not affect ahr2 and cyp1a expression, but increased cyp1b1 expression, which was restored by CH supplementation. CH also attenuated the TCE-induced mRNA expression changes of Nrf2 signalling genes (nrf2b, gstp2, sod2, ho1, nqo1) and cardiac differentiation genes (gata4, hand2, c-fos, sox9b). In addition, the TCE enhanced SOD activity was attenuated by CH. Morpholino knockdown confirmed that AHR mediated the TCE-induced ROS and 8-OHdG generation in the heart of zebrafish embryos. In conclusion, our results suggest that AHR mediates TCE-induced oxidative stress, leading to DNA damage and heart malformations in zebrafish embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Jin
- Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, PR China
| | - Cheng Ji
- Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, PR China
| | - Fei Ren
- Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, PR China
| | - Stanley Aniagu
- Toxicology, Risk Assessment and Research Division, Texas Commission on Environmental Quality, 12015 Park 35 Cir, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Jian Tong
- Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, PR China
| | - Yan Jiang
- Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, PR China.
| | - Tao Chen
- Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, PR China.
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23
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Jin YM, Tao XM, Shi YN, Lu Y, Mei JY. Salvianolic acid B exerts a protective effect in acute liver injury by regulating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2020; 98:162-168. [PMID: 31604020 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2019-0349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Salvianolic acid B (Sal B) exerts strong antioxidant activity and eliminates the free radical effect. However, how it affects the antioxidant pathway is not very clear. The objective of this study was to investigate the underlying mechanism of Sal B in CCl4-induced acute liver injury, especially its effect on the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. For the in vivo experiment, an acute liver injury model was induced using CCl4 and treated with Sal B. For the in vitro experiment, an oxidative damage model was established followed by Sal B treatment. Serum biochemical indicators and reactive oxygen species activity were detected using corresponding kits. Oxidant/antioxidant status was determined based on the levels of malondialdehyde, glutathione, and superoxide dismutase. Nrf2 and HO-1 levels were analyzed by Western blotting and immunohistochemical staining. Sal B treatment improved liver histology, decreased the aminotransferase levels, and attenuated oxidative stress in the acute liver injury model. Nrf2 and HO-1 levels were increased both in vivo and in vitro. Sal B suppresses acute liver injury and Nrf2/HO-1 signaling plays a key role in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-mei Jin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China
| | - Xiang-ming Tao
- Department of Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immunopharmacology, Ministry of Education, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Yi-ning Shi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China
| | - Youjin Lu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China
| | - Jin-yu Mei
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China
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24
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Furue M, Tsuji G. Chloracne and Hyperpigmentation Caused by Exposure to Hazardous Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Ligands. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16234864. [PMID: 31816860 PMCID: PMC6926551 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16234864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Dioxins and dioxin-like compounds are environmental pollutants that are hazardous to human skin. They can be present in contaminated soil, water, and air particles (such as ambient PM2.5). Exposure to a high concentration of dioxins induces chloracne and hyperpigmentation. These chemicals exert their toxic effects by activating the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) which is abundantly expressed in skin cells, such as keratinocytes, sebocytes, and melanocytes. Ligation of AHR by dioxins induces exaggerated acceleration of epidermal terminal differentiation (keratinization) and converts sebocytes toward keratinocyte differentiation, which results in chloracne formation. AHR activation potently upregulates melanogenesis in melanocytes by upregulating the expression of melanogenic enzymes, which results in hyperpigmentation. Because AHR-mediated oxidative stress contributes to these hazardous effects, antioxidative agents may be potentially therapeutic for chloracne and hyperpigmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masutaka Furue
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashiku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan;
- Research and Clinical Center for Yusho and Dioxin, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashiku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
- Division of Skin Surface Sensing, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashiku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-92-642-5581; Fax: +81-92-642-5600
| | - Gaku Tsuji
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashiku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan;
- Research and Clinical Center for Yusho and Dioxin, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashiku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
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25
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Taguchi K, Kensler TW. Nrf2 in liver toxicology. Arch Pharm Res 2019; 43:337-349. [PMID: 31782059 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-019-01192-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Liver plays essential roles in the metabolism of many endogenous chemicals and exogenous toxicants. Mechanistic studies in liver have been at the forefront of efforts to probe the roles of bioactivation and detoxication of environmental toxins and toxicants in hepatotoxicity. Moreover, idiosyncratic hepatoxicity remains a key barrier in the clinical development of drugs. The now vast Nrf2 field emerged in part from biochemical and molecular studies on chemical inducers of hepatic detoxication enzymes and subsequent characterization of the modulation of drug/toxicant induced hepatotoxicities in mice through disruption of either Nrf2 or Keap1 genes. In general, loss of Nrf2 increases the sensitivity to such toxic chemicals, highlighting a central role of this transcription factor and its downstream target genes as a modifier to chemical stress. In this review, we summarize the impact of Nrf2 on the toxicology of multiple hepatotoxicants, and discuss efforts to utilize the Nrf2 response in predictive toxicology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Taguchi
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan.
| | - Thomas W Kensler
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
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26
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Li R, Jia Z, Zhu H. Regulation of Nrf2 Signaling. REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES (APEX, N.C.) 2019; 8:312-322. [PMID: 31692987 PMCID: PMC6830569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Regulation of antioxidant gene expression is essential for controlling oxidative stress and maintaining physiological homeostasis. In this context, the nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) has been identified as the chief regulator of the transcription of diverse antioxidant genes as well as many other cytoprotective genes. Nrf2 activity is subjected to the regulation at various levels including protein stability, transcription, and post-transcription. Among the various regulatory pathways, the Keap1-Cul3-Rbx1 axis is the most prominent regulator of Nrf2 activity. Being a tightly controlled transcriptional activator of antioxidant genes, Nrf2 signaling is intimately involved in health and disease. While Nrf2 is a protector against oxidative and electrophilic tissue injury, persistent activation of Nrf2 signaling may also contribute to disease pathophysiology, such as cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Campbell University School of Osteopathic Medicine, Buies Creek, NC 27506, USA
| | - Zhenquan Jia
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Greensboro, NC 27412, USA
| | - Hong Zhu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Campbell University School of Osteopathic Medicine, Buies Creek, NC 27506, USA
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27
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Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor in Atopic Dermatitis and Psoriasis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20215424. [PMID: 31683543 PMCID: PMC6862295 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR)/AHR-nuclear translocator (ARNT) system is a sensitive sensor for small molecular, xenobiotic chemicals of exogenous and endogenous origin, including dioxins, phytochemicals, microbial bioproducts, and tryptophan photoproducts. AHR/ARNT are abundantly expressed in the skin. Once activated, the AHR/ARNT axis strengthens skin barrier functions and accelerates epidermal terminal differentiation by upregulating filaggrin expression. In addition, AHR activation induces oxidative stress. However, some AHR ligands simultaneously activate the nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor-2 (NRF2) transcription factor, which is a master switch of antioxidative enzymes that neutralizes oxidative stress. The immunoregulatory system governing T-helper 17/22 (Th17/22) and T regulatory cells (Treg) is also regulated by the AHR system. Notably, AHR agonists, such as tapinarof, are currently used as therapeutic agents in psoriasis and atopic dermatitis. In this review, we summarize recent topics on AHR related to atopic dermatitis and psoriasis.
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28
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Chen F, Tang Y, Sun Y, Veeraraghavan VP, Mohan SK, Cui C. 6-shogaol, a active constiuents of ginger prevents UVB radiation mediated inflammation and oxidative stress through modulating NrF2 signaling in human epidermal keratinocytes (HaCaT cells). JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2019; 197:111518. [PMID: 31202076 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2019.111518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Disclosure of ultraviolet (UV) radiation is the key feature from environment to cause redness of the skin, inflammation, photoaging and skin cancer. 6-Shogaol, a spicy compound secluded from ginger, which shows anti-inflammatory effects. Present study was demonstrated the role of 6-Shogaol on UVB induced oxidative stress and photoaging signaling in human epidermal keratinocytes (HaCaT cells). In this study, UVB-irratiation (180 mJ/cm2) significantly elevated the intracellular ROS levels, depletion of antioxidants resulted in apoptotic HaCaT cells. MAPKs signaling are concerned in oxidative stress; these signaling events are measured as differentiation. We found that 6-shogaol prevents over expression of MAPKs (ERK1, JNK1 & p38), in disclosure of UVB in HaCaT cells. Moreover, 6-shogaol infringed Bax and Bcl-2 in which 20 μg 6-shogaol influenced apoptosis in HaCaT cells by investigating augmented appearance of Bax and condensed appearance of Bcl-2 in contrast to control HaCaT cells. These results suggest that 6-shogaol could be a successful healing agent provides fortification against UVB-induced provocative and oxidative skin reimbursement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Chen
- Dermatology Department, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Ying Tang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Yujia Sun
- Department of Operating Room, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, China
| | - Vishnu Priya Veeraraghavan
- Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences,Saveetha University, Chennai 600 077, India
| | - Surapaneni Krishna Mohan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Applied Medical Sciences - Jubail (CAMSJ), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O.Box 4030, Al Ansar Rd, Deffi, Jubail Industrial City, Al Jubail 35816, Saudi Arabia
| | - Chuanxin Cui
- Dermatology Department, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China.
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29
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López-Mejia A, Ortega-Pérez LG, Godinez-Hernández D, Nateras-Marin B, Meléndez-Herrera E, Rios-Chavez P. Chemopreventive effect of Callistemon citrinus (Curtis) Skeels against colon cancer induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine in rats. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2019; 145:1417-1426. [DOI: 10.1007/s00432-019-02905-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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30
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Ulin A, Henderson J, Pham MT, Meyo J, Chen Y, Karchner SI, Goldstone JV, Hahn ME, Williams LM. Developmental Regulation of Nuclear Factor Erythroid-2 Related Factors (nrfs) by AHR1b in Zebrafish (Danio rerio). Toxicol Sci 2019; 167:536-545. [PMID: 30321412 PMCID: PMC6358246 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfy257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Interactions between regulatory pathways allow organisms to adapt to their environment and respond to stress. One interaction that has been recently identified occurs between the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) and the nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor (NRF) family. Each transcription factor regulates numerous downstream genes involved in the cellular response to toxicants and oxidative stress; they are also implicated in normal developmental pathways. The zebrafish model was used to explore the role of AHR regulation of nrf genes during development and in response to toxicant exposure. To determine if AHR1b is responsible for transcriptional regulation of 6 nrf genes during development, a loss-of-function experiment using morpholino-modified oligonucleotides was conducted followed by a chromatin immunoprecipitation study at the beginning of the pharyngula period (24 h postfertilization). The expression of nrf1a was AHR1b dependent and its expression was directly regulated through specific XREs in its cis-promoter. However, nrf1a expression was not altered by exposure to 2, 3, 7, 8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), a toxicant and prototypic AHR agonist. The expression of nrf1b, nrf2a, and nfe2 was induced by TCDD, and AHR1b directly regulated their expression by binding to cis-XRE promoter elements. Last, nrf2b and nrf3 were neither induced by TCDD nor regulated by AHR1b. These results show that AHR1b transcriptionally regulates nrf genes under toxicant modulation via binding to specific XREs. These data provide a better understanding of how combinatorial molecular signaling potentially protects embryos from embryotoxic events following toxicant exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Ulin
- Department of biology, Bates College, Lewiston, Maine 04240
| | - Jake Henderson
- Department of biology, Bates College, Lewiston, Maine 04240
| | - Minh-Tam Pham
- Department of biology, Bates College, Lewiston, Maine 04240
| | - James Meyo
- Department of biology, Bates College, Lewiston, Maine 04240
| | - Yuying Chen
- Department of biology, Bates College, Lewiston, Maine 04240
| | - Sibel I Karchner
- Department of biology, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543
| | - Jared V Goldstone
- Department of biology, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543
| | - Mark E Hahn
- Department of biology, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543
| | - Larissa M Williams
- Department of biology, Bates College, Lewiston, Maine 04240
- Department of biology, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543
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31
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Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a transcription factor that coordinates the basal and stress-inducible activation of a vast array of cytoprotective genes. Understanding the regulation of Nrf2 activity and downstream pathways has major implications for human health. Recent Advances: Nrf2 regulates the transcription of components of the glutathione and thioredoxin antioxidant systems, as well as enzymes involved in phase I and phase II detoxification of exogenous and endogenous products, NADPH regeneration, and heme metabolism. It therefore represents a crucial regulator of the cellular defense mechanisms against xenobiotic and oxidative stress. In addition to antioxidant responses, Nrf2 is involved in other cellular processes, such as autophagy, intermediary metabolism, stem cell quiescence, and unfolded protein response. Given the wide range of processes that Nrf2 controls, its activity is tightly regulated at multiple levels. Here, we review the different modes of regulation of Nrf2 activity and the current knowledge of Nrf2-mediated transcriptional control. CRITICAL ISSUES It is now clear that Nrf2 lies at the center of a complex regulatory network. A full comprehension of the Nrf2 program will require an integrated consideration of all the different factors determining Nrf2 activity. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Additional computational and experimental studies are needed to obtain a more dynamic global view of Nrf2-mediated gene regulation. In particular, studies comparing how the Nrf2-dependent network changes from a physiological to a pathological condition can provide insight into mechanisms of disease and instruct new treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Tonelli
- 1 Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory , Cold Spring Harbor, New York
| | | | - David A Tuveson
- 1 Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory , Cold Spring Harbor, New York.,2 Lustgarten Foundation Pancreatic Cancer Research Laboratory , Cold Spring Harbor, New York
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32
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Lee HJ, Pyo MC, Shin HS, Ryu D, Lee KW. Renal toxicity through AhR, PXR, and Nrf2 signaling pathway activation of ochratoxin A-induced oxidative stress in kidney cells. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 122:59-68. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2018] [Revised: 09/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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33
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Lv Q, Wang K, Qiao SM, Dai Y, Wei ZF. Norisoboldine, a natural aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist, alleviates TNBS-induced colitis in mice, by inhibiting the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome. Chin J Nat Med 2018; 16:161-174. [PMID: 29576052 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(18)30044-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Although the etiology of inflammatory bowel disease is still uncertain, increasing evidence indicates that the excessive activation of NLRP3 inflammasome plays a major role. Norisoboldine (NOR), an alkaloid isolated from Radix Linderae, has previously been demonstrated to inhibit inflammation and IL-1β production. The present study was to examine the effect of NOR on colitis and the underlying mechanism related to NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Our results showed that NOR alleviated colitis symptom in mice induced by 2, 4, 6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS). Moreover, it significantly reduced expressions of cleaved IL-1β, NLRP3 and cleaved Caspase-1 but not ASC in colons of mice. In THP-1 cells, NOR suppressed the expressions of NLRP3, cleaved Caspase-1 and cleaved IL-1β but not ASC induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Furthermore, NOR could activate aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) in THP-1 cells, inducing CYP1A1 mRNA expression, and promoting dissociation of AhR/HSP90 complexes, association of AhR and ARNT, AhR nuclear translocation, XRE reporter activity and binding activity of AhR/ARNT/XRE. Both siAhR and α-naphthoflavone (α-NF) markedly diminished the inhibition of NOR on NLRP3 inflammasome activation. In addition, NOR elevated Nrf2 level and reduced ROS level in LPS- and ATP-stimulated THP-1 cells, which was reversed by either siAhR or α-NF treatment. Finally, correlations between activation of AhR and attenuation of colitis, inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome activation and up-regulation of Nrf2 level in colons were validated in mice with TNBS-induced colitis. Taken together, NOR ameliorated TNBS-induced colitis in mice through inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation via regulating AhR/Nrf2/ROS signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Lv
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Si-Miao Qiao
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yue Dai
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Zhi-Feng Wei
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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34
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Lamas B, Natividad JM, Sokol H. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor and intestinal immunity. Mucosal Immunol 2018; 11:1024-1038. [PMID: 29626198 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-018-0019-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 333] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2017] [Revised: 02/24/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a member of the basic helix-loop-helix-(bHLH) superfamily of transcription factors, which are associated with cellular responses to environmental stimuli, such as xenobiotics and oxygen levels. Unlike other members of bHLH, AhR is the only bHLH transcription factor that is known to be ligand activated. Early AhR studies focused on understanding the role of AhR in mediating the toxicity and carcinogenesis properties of the prototypic ligand 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). In recent years, however, it has become apparent that, in addition to its toxicological involvement, AhR is highly receptive to a wide array of endogenous and exogenous ligands, and that its activation leads to a myriad of key host physiological functions. In this study, we review the current understanding of the functions of AhR in the mucosal immune system with a focus on its role in intestinal barrier function and intestinal immune cells, as well as in intestinal homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Lamas
- Laboratoire de biomolécules, LBM, Sorbonne Université, École normale supérieure, PSL Research University, CNRS, INSERM, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris, F-75005, France.,Micalis Institute, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy en Josas, 78350, France
| | - Jane M Natividad
- Micalis Institute, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy en Josas, 78350, France
| | - Harry Sokol
- Laboratoire de biomolécules, LBM, Sorbonne Université, École normale supérieure, PSL Research University, CNRS, INSERM, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris, F-75005, France. .,Micalis Institute, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy en Josas, 78350, France.
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35
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Kimura A, Kitajima M, Nishida K, Serada S, Fujimoto M, Naka T, Fujii-Kuriyama Y, Sakamato S, Ito T, Handa H, Tanaka T, Yoshimura A, Suzuki H. NQO1 inhibits the TLR-dependent production of selective cytokines by promoting IκB-ζ degradation. J Exp Med 2018; 215:2197-2209. [PMID: 29934320 PMCID: PMC6080903 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20172024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Revised: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Kimura et al. demonstrate that NQO1 plays a crucial role in degrading IκB-ζ protein through forming the complex together with PDLIM2 and selectively suppresses IL-6 and IL-12 production induced by TLR ligands. NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) protects cells against oxidative stress and toxic quinones. In this study, we found a novel role of NQO1 in suppressing Toll-like receptor (TLR)–mediated innate immune responses. NQO1-deficient macrophages selectively produced excessive amounts of IL-6, IL-12, and GM-CSF on LPS stimulation, and the deletion of NQO1 in macrophages exacerbated LPS-induced septic shock. NQO1 interacted with the nuclear IκB protein IκB-ζ, which is essential for the TLR-mediated induction of a subset of secondary response genes, including IL-6, and promoted IκB-ζ degradation in a ubiquitin-dependent manner. We demonstrated that PDLIM2, known as the ubiquitin E3 ligase, participates in NQO1-dependent IκB-ζ degradation. NQO1 augmented the association between PDLIM2 and IκB-ζ, resulting in increased IκB-ζ degradation. Collectively, this study describes a mechanism of the NQO1–PDLIM2 complex as a novel and important regulator in the innate immune signaling and suggests the therapeutic potential of NQO1 in TLR-mediated inflammation and disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Kimura
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Research Center for Hepatitis and Immunology, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masayuki Kitajima
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Research Center for Hepatitis and Immunology, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kyoko Nishida
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Research Center for Hepatitis and Immunology, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Chiba, Japan.,Department of Immunology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Serada
- Laboratory of Immune Signal, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka, Japan.,Center for Intractable Immune Disease, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kochi, Japan
| | - Minoru Fujimoto
- Laboratory of Immune Signal, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka, Japan.,Center for Intractable Immune Disease, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kochi, Japan
| | - Tetsuji Naka
- Laboratory of Immune Signal, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka, Japan.,Center for Intractable Immune Disease, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kochi, Japan
| | | | - Satoshi Sakamato
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Takumi Ito
- Department of Nanoparticle Translational Research, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.,Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Handa
- Department of Nanoparticle Translational Research, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Tanaka
- Laboratory for Inflammatory Regulation, Institute of Physical and Chemical Research Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), RIKEN Research Center for Allergy and Immunology (RCAI), Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Akihiko Yoshimura
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Harumi Suzuki
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Research Center for Hepatitis and Immunology, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Chiba, Japan
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Nault R, Doskey CM, Fader KA, Rockwell CE, Zacharewski T. Comparison of Hepatic NRF2 and Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Binding in 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo- p-dioxin-Treated Mice Demonstrates NRF2-Independent PKM2 Induction. Mol Pharmacol 2018; 94:876-884. [PMID: 29752288 DOI: 10.1124/mol.118.112144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) induces hepatic oxidative stress following activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). Our recent studies showed TCDD induced pyruvate kinase muscle isoform 2 (Pkm2) as a novel antioxidant response in normal differentiated hepatocytes. To investigate cooperative regulation between nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2 (Nrf2) and the AhR in the induction of Pkm2, hepatic chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) analyses were integrated with RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) time-course data from mice treated with TCDD for 2-168 hours. ChIP-seq analysis 2 hours after TCDD treatment identified genome-wide NRF2 enrichment. Approximately 842 NRF2-enriched regions were located in the regulatory region of differentially expressed genes (DEGs), whereas 579 DEGs showed both NRF2 and AhR enrichment. Sequence analysis of regions with overlapping NRF2 and AhR enrichment showed over-representation of either antioxidant or dioxin response elements, although 18 possessed both motifs. NRF2 exhibited negligible enrichment within a closed Pkm chromatin region, whereas the AhR was enriched 29-fold. Furthermore, TCDD induced Pkm2 in primary hepatocytes from wild-type and Nrf2-null mice, indicating NRF2 is not required. Although NRF2 and AhR cooperate to regulate numerous antioxidant gene expression responses, the induction of Pkm2 by TCDD is independent of reactive oxygen species-mediated NRF2 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rance Nault
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (R.N., C.M.D., K.A.F., T.Z.) and Pharmacology and Toxicology (C.E.R.) and Institute for Integrative Toxicology (R.N., C.M.D., K.A.F., C.E.R., T.Z.), Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Claire M Doskey
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (R.N., C.M.D., K.A.F., T.Z.) and Pharmacology and Toxicology (C.E.R.) and Institute for Integrative Toxicology (R.N., C.M.D., K.A.F., C.E.R., T.Z.), Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Kelly A Fader
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (R.N., C.M.D., K.A.F., T.Z.) and Pharmacology and Toxicology (C.E.R.) and Institute for Integrative Toxicology (R.N., C.M.D., K.A.F., C.E.R., T.Z.), Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Cheryl E Rockwell
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (R.N., C.M.D., K.A.F., T.Z.) and Pharmacology and Toxicology (C.E.R.) and Institute for Integrative Toxicology (R.N., C.M.D., K.A.F., C.E.R., T.Z.), Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Tim Zacharewski
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (R.N., C.M.D., K.A.F., T.Z.) and Pharmacology and Toxicology (C.E.R.) and Institute for Integrative Toxicology (R.N., C.M.D., K.A.F., C.E.R., T.Z.), Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
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Mescher M, Haarmann-Stemmann T. Modulation of CYP1A1 metabolism: From adverse health effects to chemoprevention and therapeutic options. Pharmacol Ther 2018; 187:71-87. [PMID: 29458109 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2018.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The human cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A1 gene encodes a monooxygenase that metabolizes multiple exogenous and endogenous substrates. CYP1A1 has become infamous for its oxidative metabolism of benzo[a]pyrene and related polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, converting these chemicals into very potent human carcinogens. CYP1A1 expression is mainly controlled by the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), a transcription factor whose activation is induced by binding of persistent organic pollutants, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and dioxins. Accordingly, induction of CYP1A1 expression and activity serves as a biomarker of AHR activation and associated xenobiotic metabolism as well as toxicity in diverse animal species and humans. Determination of CYP1A1 activity is integrated into modern toxicological concepts and testing guidelines, emphasizing the tremendous importance of this enzyme for risk assessment and regulation of chemicals. Further, CYP1A1 serves as a molecular target for chemoprevention of chemical carcinogenesis, although present literature is controversial on whether its inhibition or induction exerts beneficial effects. Regarding therapeutic applications, first anti-cancer prodrugs are available, which require a metabolic activation by CYP1A1, and thus enable a specific elimination of CYP1A1-positive tumors. However, the application range of these drugs may be limited due to the frequently observed downregulation of CYP1A1 in various human cancers, probably leading to a reduced metabolism of endogenous AHR ligands and a sustained activation of AHR and associated tumor-promoting responses. We here summarize the current knowledge on CYP1A1 as a key player in the metabolism of exogenous and endogenous substrates and as a promising target molecule for prevention and treatment of human malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melina Mescher
- IUF - Leibniz-Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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Zhong Y, Feng J, Fan Z, Li J. Curcumin increases cholesterol efflux via heme oxygenase‑1‑mediated ABCA1 and SR‑BI expression in macrophages. Mol Med Rep 2018; 17:6138-6143. [PMID: 29436680 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcumin, which is an extract from a traditional Chinese medicine, has previously been demonstrated to exhibit an anti‑atherosclerotic effect, which is closely associated with an increase in cholesterol efflux. However, it is unclear as to whether the increased effect is mediated by heme oxygenase (HO)‑1. Macrophages were treated with different concentrations of curcumin, HO‑1 inhibitor and small interfering (si)RNA in different experiments. Analysis of protein expression was conducted via western blotting. mRNA expression levels were measured using reverse transcription‑polymerase chain reaction. Antioxidant response element (ARE)‑driven promoter activity was measured by a dual‑luciferase reporter assay. The cholesterol efflux analysis was performed by fluorescence‑labelled cholesterol (NBD) using a multi‑label counter. In the present study, the results indicated that curcumin increased the cholesterol efflux from macrophages. Additionally, curcumin significantly upregulated HO‑1 expression. The HO‑1 inhibitor (zinc protoporphyrin) partly blocked this effect. Curcumin also promoted scavenger receptor class B type I (SR‑BI) and ATP‑binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) expression. HO‑1 small interfering (si)RNA partly abolished the increased SR‑BI and ABCA1 expression induced by curcumin. Furthermore, the nuclear factor, erythroid 2 like 2 (Nrf2) expression in the nucleus was dose‑dependently increased by curcumin. Nrf2 siRNA successfully inhibited the curcumin‑induced HO‑1 expression. Curcumin significantly increased Nrf2‑driven luciferase activity. Overall, these data indicated that curcumin activates the Nrf2‑ARE signaling pathway and upregulates HO‑1 expression, which mediates SR‑BI and ABCA1 expression and thereby increases cholesterol efflux.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhong
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Jian Feng
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Zhongcai Fan
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Jiafu Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
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Deck LM, Hunsaker LA, Vander Jagt TA, Whalen LJ, Royer RE, Vander Jagt DL. Activation of anti-oxidant Nrf2 signaling by enone analogues of curcumin. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 143:854-865. [PMID: 29223100 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.11.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation and oxidative stress are common in many chronic diseases. Targeting signaling pathways that contribute to these conditions may have therapeutic potential. The transcription factor Nrf2 is a major regulator of phase II detoxification and anti-oxidant genes as well as anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective genes. Nrf2 is widespread in the CNS and is recognized as an important regulator of brain inflammation. The natural product curcumin exhibits numerous biological activities including ability to induce the expression of Nrf2-dependent phase II and anti-oxidant enzymes. Curcumin has been examined in a number of clinical studies with limited success, mainly owing to limited bioavailability and rapid metabolism. Enone analogues of curcumin were examined with an Nrf2 reporter assay to identify Nrf2 activators. Analogues were separated into groups with a 7-carbon dienone spacer, as found in curcumin; a 5-carbon enone spacer with and without a ring; and a 3-carbon enone spacer. Activators of Nrf2 were found in all three groups, many of which were more active than curcumin. Dose-response studies demonstrated that a range of substituents on the aromatic rings of these enones influenced not only the sensitivity to activation, reflected in EC50 values, but also the extent of activation, which suggests that multiple mechanisms are involved in the activation of Nrf2 by these analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorraine M Deck
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of New Mexico, MSC03 2060, 1 University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.
| | - Lucy A Hunsaker
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, MSC08 4670, Fitz Hall, Room 249, 1 University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Thomas A Vander Jagt
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, MSC08 4670, Fitz Hall, Room 249, 1 University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Lisa J Whalen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of New Mexico, MSC03 2060, 1 University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Robert E Royer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, MSC08 4670, Fitz Hall, Room 249, 1 University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - David L Vander Jagt
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, MSC08 4670, Fitz Hall, Room 249, 1 University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
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Wang H, Sun Z, Rehman RU, Shen T, Riaz S, Li X, Hua E, Zhao J. Apple phlorizin supplementation attenuates oxidative stress in hamsters fed a high-fat diet. J Food Biochem 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education; Tianjin University of Science & Technology; Tianjin China
| | - Zhenou Sun
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education; Tianjin University of Science & Technology; Tianjin China
| | - Rizwan-Ur Rehman
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education; Tianjin University of Science & Technology; Tianjin China
| | - Tingting Shen
- College of Biological Engineering; Tianjin University of Science & Technology; Tianjin China
| | - Sania Riaz
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology; University of Punjab; Lahore Pakistan
| | - Xiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education; Tianjin University of Science & Technology; Tianjin China
| | - ErBing Hua
- College of Biological Engineering; Tianjin University of Science & Technology; Tianjin China
| | - Jiang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education; Tianjin University of Science & Technology; Tianjin China
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41
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Liu Y, Zhao YB, Wang SW, Zhou Y, Tang ZS, Li F. Mulberry granules protect against diabetic cardiomyopathy through the AMPK/Nrf2 pathway. Int J Mol Med 2017; 40:913-921. [PMID: 28677741 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.3050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Mulberry granules (MLD) is a traditional Chinese medicine prescription that has been used in the treatment of diabetes for many years. Recently, we found that MLD protected the heart from diabetes-associated cardiomyopathy when it was used to treat diabetes. However, the beneficial effects and possible mechanism remain unknown. To elucidate these effects, an experimental myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury model in diabetes rats was used in this study. Male C57BL/6 mice were injected with streptozotocin to induce diabetes. The mice were pretreated with MLD for one month, and then exposed to 30 min of ischemia followed by 24 h of reperfusion. Infarct size, heart function and various cytokines in the heart were assessed. Expression of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and nuclear factor erythroid 2‑related factor 2 (Nrf2) were investigated by western blotting. In vitro, MLD significantly cleared oxygen-free radicals in DPPH and luminol chemiluminescence models. In vivo, fasting blood glucose, fasting blood insulin and lipids were significantly decreased by MLD. The results showed that MLD improved the cardiac function and decreased myocardial infarct size in the diabetic mice subjected to MI/R. In addition, upon pretreatment with MLD before MI/R treatment, GSH, SOD, CAT and GR were significantly increased in a dose-dependent manner. Pretreatment with MLD also significantly induced the expression of Nrf2, and the cardioprotective effects of MLD were abolished in Nrf2-knockout mice. Furthermore, we also found that AMPK increase is upstream and was required for Nrf2 activation mediated by MLD. In conclusion, MLD protects against diabetic-associated cardiomyopathy by suppressing oxidative stress induced by hyperglycemia and MI/R through the AMPK/Nrf2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712000, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Bo Zhao
- Department of Emergency, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, P.R. China
| | - Si-Wang Wang
- Department of Natural Medicine, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The People's Hospital of Ankang, Ankang, Shaanxi 725000, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Shu Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712000, P.R. China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
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Yuan Q, Chen R, Zheng X, Meng M, Kao Y, Liu J, Gan X, Shi M, Fu J, Jiang S, Yu H. Chinese herbal medicine Xinji pill protects the heart from ischemia/reperfusion injury through the Akt/Nrf2 pathway. Mol Med Rep 2017. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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43
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Deck LM, Whalen LJ, Hunsaker LA, Royer RE, Vander Jagt DL. Activation of anti-oxidant Nrf2 signaling by substituted trans stilbenes. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:1423-1430. [PMID: 28126440 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Revised: 01/02/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Nrf2, which is a member of the cap'n'collar family of transcription factors, is a major regulator of phase II detoxification and anti-oxidant genes as well as anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective genes. The importance of inflammation and oxidative stress in many chronic diseases supports the concept that activation of anti-oxidant Nrf2 signaling may have therapeutic potential. A number of Nrf2 activators have entered into clinical trials. Nrf2 exists in the cytosol in complex with its binding partner Keap1, which is a thiol-rich redox-sensing protein. In response to oxidative and electrophilic stress, select cysteine residues of Keap1 are modified, which locks Keap1 in the Nrf2-Keap1 complex and allows newly synthesized Nrf2 to enter the nucleus. Numerous Nrf2-activating chemicals, including a number of natural products, are electrophiles that modify Keap1, often by Michael addition, leading to activation of Nrf2. One concern with the design of Nrf2 activators that are electrophilic covalent modifiers of Keap1 is the issue of selectivity. In the present study, substituted trans stilbenes were identified as activators of Nrf2. These activators of Nrf2 are not highly electrophilic and therefore are unlikely to activate Nrf2 through covalent modification of Keap1. Dose-response studies demonstrated that a range of substituents on either ring of the trans stilbenes, especially fluorine and methoxy substituents, influenced not only the sensitivity to activation, reflected in EC50 values, but also the extent of activation, which suggests that multiple mechanisms are involved in the activation of Nrf2. The stilbene backbone appears to be a privileged scaffold for development of a new class of Nrf2 activators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorraine M Deck
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, United States
| | - Lisa J Whalen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, United States
| | - Lucy A Hunsaker
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131, United States
| | - Robert E Royer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131, United States
| | - David L Vander Jagt
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131, United States.
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Basak P, Sadhukhan P, Sarkar P, Sil PC. Perspectives of the Nrf-2 signaling pathway in cancer progression and therapy. Toxicol Rep 2017; 4:306-318. [PMID: 28959654 PMCID: PMC5615147 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2017.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Revised: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The Nuclear factor erythroid2-related factor2 (Nrf2), a master regulator of redox homoeostasis, is a key transcription factor regulating a wide array of genes for antioxidant and detoxification enzymes. It protects organs from various kinds of toxic insults. On the other hand, activation of Nrf2 is also correlated with cancer progression and chemoresistance. Downregulation of Nrf2 activity has attracted an increasing amount of attention as it may provide an alternative cancer therapy. In this review, we examine recent studies on roles of Nrf2 in several pathophysiological conditions emphasising cancer. We discuss elaborately the current knowledge on Nrf2 regulation including KEAP1-dependent and KEAP1-independent cascades. KEAP1/Nrf2 system is a master regulator of cellular response against a variety of environmental stresses. We also highlight several tightly controlled regulations of Nrf2 by numerous proteins, small molecules, toxic metals, etc. In addition, we evaluate the possible therapeutic approaches of increasing chemosensitivity via modulating Nrf2 signaling.
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45
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Park G, Oh DS, Lee MG, Lee CE, Kim YU. 6-Shogaol, an active compound of ginger, alleviates allergic dermatitis-like skin lesions via cytokine inhibition by activating the Nrf2 pathway. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2016; 310:51-59. [PMID: 27562088 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2016.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Revised: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Allergic dermatitis (AD) clinically presents with skin erythematous plaques, eruption, and elevated serum IgE, and T helper cell type 2 and 1 (Th2 and Th1) cytokine levels. 6-Shogaol [1-(4-hydroxy-methoxyphenyl)-4-decen-one], a pungent compound isolated from ginger, has shown anti-inflammatory effects, but its inhibitory effects on AD are unknown. The aim of this study was to examine whether 6-shogaol inhibits AD-like skin lesions and their underlying mechanism in vivo and in vitro. An AD-like response was induced by tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)+IFN-γ in human keratinocytes or by 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) in mice. In vivo, 6-shogaol inhibited the development of DNCB-induced AD-like skin lesions and scratching behavior, and showed significant reduction in Th2/1-mediated inflammatory cytokines, IgE, TNF-α, IFN-γ, thymus and activation-regulated chemokine, IL-1, 4, 12, and 13, cyclooxygenase-2, and nitric oxide synthase levels. In vitro, 6-shogaol inhibited reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) signaling, and increased the levels of total glutathione, heme oxygenase-1, and quinone 1 via nuclear factor erythroid 2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) activation. 6-Shogaol can alleviate AD-like skin lesions by inhibiting immune mediators via regulating the ROS/MAPKs/Nrf2 signaling pathway, and may be an effective alternative therapy for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunhyuk Park
- The K-herb Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea.
| | - Dal-Seok Oh
- The K-herb Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Gi Lee
- Major in Cosmeceutical Science, Division of Bio-technology and Convergence, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Eon Lee
- Major in Cosmeceutical Science, Division of Bio-technology and Convergence, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Ung Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Biomedical Science, Daegu Haany University, Republic of Korea.
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Antioxidant Functions of the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor. Stem Cells Int 2016; 2016:7943495. [PMID: 27829840 PMCID: PMC5088273 DOI: 10.1155/2016/7943495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a transcription factor belonging to the basic helix-loop-helix/PER-ARNT-SIM family. It is activated by a variety of ligands, such as environmental contaminants like polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons or dioxins, but also by naturally occurring compounds and endogenous ligands. Binding of the ligand leads to dimerization of the AhR with aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator (ARNT) and transcriptional activation of several xenobiotic phase I and phase II metabolizing enzymes. It is generally accepted that the toxic responses of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, dioxins, and structurally related compounds are mediated by activation of the AhR. A multitude of studies indicate that the AhR operates beyond xenobiotic metabolism and exerts pleiotropic functions. Increasing evidence points to a protective role of the AhR against carcinogenesis and oxidative stress. Herein, I will highlight data demonstrating a causal role of the AhR in the antioxidant response and present novel findings on potential AhR-mediated antioxidative mechanisms.
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Qin S, Hou DX. Multiple regulations of Keap1/Nrf2 system by dietary phytochemicals. Mol Nutr Food Res 2016; 60:1731-55. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201501017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Revised: 03/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Si Qin
- Core Research Program 1515, Key Laboratory for Food Science and Biotechnology of Hunan Province; College of Food Science and Technology; Hunan Agricultural University; Changsha China
- Hunan Co-Innovation Center for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients; Hunan Agricultural University; Changsha China
| | - De-Xing Hou
- Core Research Program 1515, Key Laboratory for Food Science and Biotechnology of Hunan Province; College of Food Science and Technology; Hunan Agricultural University; Changsha China
- Hunan Co-Innovation Center for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients; Hunan Agricultural University; Changsha China
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences; Faculty of Agriculture; Kagoshima University; Kagoshima Japan
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Ganesan S, Keating AF. Bisphenol A-Induced Ovotoxicity Involves DNA Damage Induction to Which the Ovary Mounts a Protective Response Indicated by Increased Expression of Proteins Involved in DNA Repair and Xenobiotic Biotransformation. Toxicol Sci 2016; 152:169-80. [DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfw076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
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Jeong CH, Joo SH. Downregulation of Reactive Oxygen Species in Apoptosis. J Cancer Prev 2016; 21:13-20. [PMID: 27051644 PMCID: PMC4819661 DOI: 10.15430/jcp.2016.21.1.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Revised: 02/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by diverse anti-cancer drugs or phytochemicals has been closely related with the induction of apoptosis in cancers. Also, the downregulation of ROS by these chemicals has been found to block initiation of carcinogenesis. Therefore, modulation of ROS by phytochemicals emerges as a crucial mechanism to regulate apoptosis in cancer prevention or therapy. This review summarizes the current understanding of the selected chemical compounds and related cellular components that modulate ROS during apoptotic process. Metformin, quercetin, curcumin, vitamin C, and other compounds have been shown to downregulate ROS in the cellular apoptotic process, and some of them even induce apoptosis in cancer cells. The cellular components mediating the downregulation of ROS include nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 antioxidant signaling pathway, thioredoxin, catalase, glutathione, heme oxygenase-1, and uncoupling proteins. The present review provides information on the relationship between these compounds and the cellular components in modulating ROS in apoptotic cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chul-Ho Jeong
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu, Gyeongsan, Korea
| | - Sang Hoon Joo
- Department of Pharmacy, Catholic University of Daegu, Gyeongsan, Korea
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Sarill M, Zago M, Sheridan JA, Nair P, Matthews J, Gomez A, Roussel L, Rousseau S, Hamid Q, Eidelman DH, Baglole CJ. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor suppresses cigarette-smoke-induced oxidative stress in association with dioxin response element (DRE)-independent regulation of sulfiredoxin 1. Free Radic Biol Med 2015; 89:342-57. [PMID: 26408075 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Revised: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ubiquitously expressed receptor/transcription factor that mediates toxicological responses of environmental contaminants such as 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). Emerging evidence indicates that the AhR suppresses apoptosis and proliferation independent of exogenous ligands, including suppression of apoptosis by cigarette smoke, a key risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). As cigarette smoke is a potent inducer of oxidative stress, a feature that may contribute to the development of COPD, we hypothesized that the AhR prevents smoke-induced apoptosis by regulating oxidative stress. Utilizing primary lung fibroblasts derived from AhR(+/+) and AhR(-/-) mice as well as A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cells deficient in AhR expression (A549-AhR(ko)), we first show that AhR(-/-) fibroblasts and A549-AhR(ko) epithelial cells have a significant increase in cigarette smoke extract (CSE)-induced oxidative stress compared to wild type. CSE induced a significant increase in the mRNA expression of key antioxidant genes, including Nqo1 and Srxn1, predominantly in AhR(+/+) fibroblasts, with significantly less induction in AhR(-/-) cells. The induction of Srxn1, but not Nqo1, was independent of dioxin-response element (DRE) binding as AhR(DBD/DBD) lung fibroblasts, which express an AhR incapable of binding the DRE, increased Srxn1 to a degree similar to wild-type cells in response to CSE. There was no difference in Nrf2 expression or activation based on AhR expression. Lung fibroblasts derived from COPD subjects have significantly less AhR protein expression compared with both never-smokers (Normal) and smokers (At Risk). Consequently, COPD-derived fibroblasts were less robust in their induction of both Nqo1 and Srxn1 mRNA after exposure to CSE, which also failed to activate the AhR in the COPD fibroblasts. Taken together, these results support a new role for the AhR in regulating antioxidant defense in lung structural cells, such that low AhR expression may facilitate the development or progression of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miles Sarill
- Department of Medicine, Division of Experimental Medicine
| | - Michela Zago
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Centre for Translational Biology (CTB), Block E, 1001 Decarie Blvd., Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | | | | | - Jason Matthews
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Alvin Gomez
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Lucie Roussel
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Centre for Translational Biology (CTB), Block E, 1001 Decarie Blvd., Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Simon Rousseau
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Centre for Translational Biology (CTB), Block E, 1001 Decarie Blvd., Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Qutayba Hamid
- Department of Medicine, Division of Experimental Medicine; Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Centre for Translational Biology (CTB), Block E, 1001 Decarie Blvd., Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - David H Eidelman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Experimental Medicine; Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Centre for Translational Biology (CTB), Block E, 1001 Decarie Blvd., Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Carolyn J Baglole
- Department of Medicine, Division of Experimental Medicine; Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Centre for Translational Biology (CTB), Block E, 1001 Decarie Blvd., Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada.
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