1
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Lessa TLADS, Correia TML, Santos TCD, da Silva RP, Silva BPD, Cavallini MCM, Rocha LS, Souza Peixoto A, Cugnasca BS, Cervi G, Correra TC, Gonçalves AC, Festuccia WTL, Cunha TM, Yatsuda R, de Magalhães ACM, Dos Santos AA, Meotti FC, Queiroz RF. A novel diselenide attenuates the carrageenan-induced inflammation by reducing neutrophil infiltration and the resulting tissue damage in mice. Free Radic Res 2024; 58:229-248. [PMID: 38588405 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2024.2336566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Selenium-containing compounds have emerged as promising treatment for redox-based and inflammatory diseases. This study aimed to investigate the in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory activity of a novel diselenide named as dibenzyl[diselanediyIbis(propane-3-1diyl)] dicarbamate (DD). DD reacted with HOCl (k = 9.2 x 107 M-1s-1), like glutathione (k = 1.2 x 108 M-1s-1), yielding seleninic and selenonic acid derivatives, and it also decreased HOCl formation by activated human neutrophils (IC50=4.6 μM) and purified myeloperoxidase (MPO) (IC50=3.8 μM). However, tyrosine, MPO-I and MPO-II substrates, did not restore HOCl formation in presence of DD. DD inhibited the oxidative burst in dHL-60 cells with no toxicity up to 25 µM for 48h. Next, an intraperitoneal administration of 25, 50, and 75 mg/kg DD decreased total leukocyte, neutrophil chemotaxis, and inflammation markers (MPO activity, lipid peroxidation, albumin exudation, nitrite, TNF-α, IL-1β, CXCL1/KC, and CXCL2/MIP-2) on a murine model of carrageenan-induced peritonitis. Likewise, 50 mg/kg DD (i.p.) decreased carrageenan-induced paw edema over 5h. Histological and immunohistochemistry analyses of the paw tissue showed decreased neutrophil count, edema area, and MPO, carbonylated, and nitrated protein staining. Furthermore, DD treatment decreased the fMLP-induced chemotaxis of human neutrophils (IC50=3.7 μM) in vitro with no toxicity. Lastly, DD presented no toxicity in a single-dose model using mice (50 mg/kg, i.p.) over 15 days and in Artemia salina bioassay (50 to 2000 µM), corroborating findings from in silico toxicological study. Altogether, these results demonstrate that DD attenuates carrageenan-induced inflammation mainly by reducing neutrophil migration and the resulting damage from MPO-mediated oxidative burst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tássia Liz Araújo Dos Santos Lessa
- Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista, Brazil
| | - Thiago Macêdo Lopes Correia
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista, Brazil
| | - Talita Costa Dos Santos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista, Brazil
| | | | | | - Maria Cláudia Magalhães Cavallini
- Center for Research in Inflammatory Diseases, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Silva Rocha
- Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista, Brazil
| | | | | | - Gustavo Cervi
- Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thiago C Correra
- Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Thiago Mattar Cunha
- Center for Research in Inflammatory Diseases, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Regiane Yatsuda
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista, Brazil
- Instituto Multidisciplinar de Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista, Brazil
| | - Amélia Cristina Mendes de Magalhães
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista, Brazil
- Instituto Multidisciplinar de Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista, Brazil
| | | | | | - Raphael Ferreira Queiroz
- Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista, Brazil
- Departamento de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista, Brazil
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2
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Kim SO, Shapiro JP, Cottrill KA, Collins GL, Shanthikumar S, Rao P, Ranganathan S, Stick SM, Orr ML, Fitzpatrick AM, Go YM, Jones DP, Tirouvanziam RM, Chandler JD. Substrate-dependent metabolomic signatures of myeloperoxidase activity in airway epithelial cells: Implications for early cystic fibrosis lung disease. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 206:180-190. [PMID: 37356776 PMCID: PMC10513041 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Myeloperoxidase (MPO) is released by neutrophils in inflamed tissues. MPO oxidizes chloride, bromide, and thiocyanate to produce hypochlorous acid (HOCl), hypobromous acid (HOBr), and hypothiocyanous acid (HOSCN), respectively. These oxidants are toxic to pathogens, but may also react with host cells to elicit biological activity and potential toxicity. In cystic fibrosis (CF) and related diseases, increased neutrophil inflammation leads to increased airway MPO and airway epithelial cell (AEC) exposure to its oxidants. In this study, we investigated how equal dose-rate exposures of MPO-derived oxidants differentially impact the metabolome of human AECs (BEAS-2B cells). We utilized enzymatic oxidant production with rate-limiting glucose oxidase (GOX) coupled to MPO, and chloride, bromide (Br-), or thiocyanate (SCN-) as substrates. AECs exposed to GOX/MPO/SCN- (favoring HOSCN) were viable after 24 h, while exposure to GOX/MPO (favoring HOCl) or GOX/MPO/Br- (favoring HOBr) developed cytotoxicity after 6 h. Cell glutathione and peroxiredoxin-3 oxidation were insufficient to explain these differences. However, untargeted metabolomics revealed GOX/MPO and GOX/MPO/Br- diverged significantly from GOX/MPO/SCN- for dozens of metabolites. We noted methionine sulfoxide and dehydromethionine were significantly increased in GOX/MPO- or GOX/MPO/Br--treated cells, and analyzed them as potential biomarkers of lung damage in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from 5-year-olds with CF (n = 27). Both metabolites were associated with increasing bronchiectasis, neutrophils, and MPO activity. This suggests MPO production of HOCl and/or HOBr may contribute to inflammatory lung damage in early CF. In summary, our in vitro model enabled unbiased identification of exposure-specific metabolite products which may serve as biomarkers of lung damage in vivo. Continued research with this exposure model may yield additional oxidant-specific biomarkers and reveal explicit mechanisms of oxidant byproduct formation and cellular redox signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan O Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pulmonary, Asthma, Cystic Fibrosis, and Sleep, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Joseph P Shapiro
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pulmonary, Asthma, Cystic Fibrosis, and Sleep, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Kirsten A Cottrill
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pulmonary, Asthma, Cystic Fibrosis, and Sleep, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Genoah L Collins
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pulmonary, Asthma, Cystic Fibrosis, and Sleep, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Shivanthan Shanthikumar
- Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Respiratory Diseases, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Padma Rao
- Medical Imaging, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Sarath Ranganathan
- Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Respiratory Diseases, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Stephen M Stick
- Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Michael L Orr
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Anne M Fitzpatrick
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pulmonary, Asthma, Cystic Fibrosis, and Sleep, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA; Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Young-Mi Go
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Dean P Jones
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Rabindra M Tirouvanziam
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pulmonary, Asthma, Cystic Fibrosis, and Sleep, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA; Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Joshua D Chandler
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pulmonary, Asthma, Cystic Fibrosis, and Sleep, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA; Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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3
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Golin A, Tinkov AA, Aschner M, Farina M, da Rocha JBT. Relationship between selenium status, selenoproteins and COVID-19 and other inflammatory diseases: A critical review. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2023; 75:127099. [PMID: 36372013 PMCID: PMC9630303 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2022.127099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The antioxidant effects of selenium as a component of selenoproteins has been thought to modulate host immunity and viral pathogenesis. Accordingly, the association of low dietary selenium status with inflammatory and immunodeficiency has been reported in the literature; however, the causal role of selenium deficiency in chronic inflammatory diseases and viral infection is still undefined. The COVID-19, characterized by acute respiratory syndrome and caused by the novel coronavirus 2, SARS-CoV-2, has infected millions of individuals worldwide since late 2019. The severity and mortality from COVID-19 have been associated with several factor, including age, sex and selenium deficiency. However, available data on selenium status and COVID-19 are limited, and a possible causative role for selenium deficiency in COVID-19 severity has yet to be fully addressed. In this context, we review the relationship between selenium, selenoproteins, COVID-19, immune and inflammatory responses, viral infection, and aging. Regardless of the role of selenium in immune and inflammatory responses, we emphasize that selenium supplementation should be indicated after a selenium deficiency be detected, particularly, in view of the critical role played by selenoproteins in human health. In addition, the levels of selenium should be monitored after the start of supplementation and discontinued as soon as normal levels are reached. Periodic assessment of selenium levels after supplementation is a critical issue to avoid over production of toxic metabolites of selenide because under normal conditions, selenoproteins attain saturated expression levels that limits their potential deleterious metabolic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anieli Golin
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Alexey A Tinkov
- Yaroslavl State University, Yaroslavl, Russia; Institute of Cellular and Intracellular Symbiosis, Russian Academy of Sciences, Orenburg, Russia; Institute of Bioelementology, Orenburg, Russia
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Marcelo Farina
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - João Batista Teixeira da Rocha
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
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4
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Arnhold J, Malle E. Halogenation Activity of Mammalian Heme Peroxidases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11050890. [PMID: 35624754 PMCID: PMC9138014 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11050890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian heme peroxidases are fascinating due to their unique peculiarity of oxidizing (pseudo)halides under physiologically relevant conditions. These proteins are able either to incorporate oxidized halides into substrates adjacent to the active site or to generate different oxidized (pseudo)halogenated species, which can take part in multiple (pseudo)halogenation and oxidation reactions with cell and tissue constituents. The present article reviews basic biochemical and redox mechanisms of (pseudo)halogenation activity as well as the physiological role of heme peroxidases. Thyroid peroxidase and peroxidasin are key enzymes for thyroid hormone synthesis and the formation of functional cross-links in collagen IV during basement membrane formation. Special attention is directed to the properties, enzymatic mechanisms, and resulting (pseudo)halogenated products of the immunologically relevant proteins such as myeloperoxidase, eosinophil peroxidase, and lactoperoxidase. The potential role of the (pseudo)halogenated products (hypochlorous acid, hypobromous acid, hypothiocyanite, and cyanate) of these three heme peroxidases is further discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen Arnhold
- Medical Faculty, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Leipzig University, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
- Correspondence: (J.A.); or (E.M.)
| | - Ernst Malle
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Division of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Correspondence: (J.A.); or (E.M.)
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5
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Kostyuk AI, Tossounian MA, Panova AS, Thauvin M, Raevskii RI, Ezeriņa D, Wahni K, Van Molle I, Sergeeva AD, Vertommen D, Gorokhovatsky AY, Baranov MS, Vriz S, Messens J, Bilan DS, Belousov VV. Hypocrates is a genetically encoded fluorescent biosensor for (pseudo)hypohalous acids and their derivatives. Nat Commun 2022; 13:171. [PMID: 35013284 PMCID: PMC8748444 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27796-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The lack of tools to monitor the dynamics of (pseudo)hypohalous acids in live cells and tissues hinders a better understanding of inflammatory processes. Here we present a fluorescent genetically encoded biosensor, Hypocrates, for the visualization of (pseudo)hypohalous acids and their derivatives. Hypocrates consists of a circularly permuted yellow fluorescent protein integrated into the structure of the transcription repressor NemR from Escherichia coli. We show that Hypocrates is ratiometric, reversible, and responds to its analytes in the 106 M-1s-1 range. Solving the Hypocrates X-ray structure provided insights into its sensing mechanism, allowing determination of the spatial organization in this circularly permuted fluorescent protein-based redox probe. We exemplify its applicability by imaging hypohalous stress in bacteria phagocytosed by primary neutrophils. Finally, we demonstrate that Hypocrates can be utilized in combination with HyPerRed for the simultaneous visualization of (pseudo)hypohalous acids and hydrogen peroxide dynamics in a zebrafish tail fin injury model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander I Kostyuk
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, 117997, Moscow, Russia.,Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 117997, Moscow, Russia.,Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 117997, Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria-Armineh Tossounian
- VIB-VUB Center for Structural Biology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, B-1050, Brussels, Belgium.,Brussels Center for Redox Biology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, B-1050, Brussels, Belgium.,Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, B-1050, Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Structural and Molecular Biology, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Anastasiya S Panova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, 117997, Moscow, Russia.,Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 117997, Moscow, Russia.,Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 117997, Moscow, Russia
| | - Marion Thauvin
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), Collège de France, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Research University, Paris, 75231, France.,Sorbonne Université, Collège Doctoral, Paris, 75005, France
| | - Roman I Raevskii
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, 117997, Moscow, Russia
| | - Daria Ezeriņa
- VIB-VUB Center for Structural Biology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, B-1050, Brussels, Belgium.,Brussels Center for Redox Biology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, B-1050, Brussels, Belgium.,Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, B-1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Khadija Wahni
- VIB-VUB Center for Structural Biology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, B-1050, Brussels, Belgium.,Brussels Center for Redox Biology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, B-1050, Brussels, Belgium.,Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, B-1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Inge Van Molle
- VIB-VUB Center for Structural Biology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, B-1050, Brussels, Belgium.,Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, B-1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Anastasia D Sergeeva
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, 117997, Moscow, Russia.,Biological Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992, Moscow, Russia
| | - Didier Vertommen
- de Duve Institute, MASSPROT platform, UCLouvain, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Mikhail S Baranov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, 117997, Moscow, Russia.,Laboratory of Medicinal Substances Chemistry, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 117997, Moscow, Russia
| | - Sophie Vriz
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), Collège de France, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Research University, Paris, 75231, France.,Université de Paris, Paris, 75006, France.,Laboratoire des biomolécules, LBM, Département de chimie, École normale supérieure, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Joris Messens
- VIB-VUB Center for Structural Biology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, B-1050, Brussels, Belgium. .,Brussels Center for Redox Biology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, B-1050, Brussels, Belgium. .,Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, B-1050, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Dmitry S Bilan
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, 117997, Moscow, Russia. .,Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 117997, Moscow, Russia. .,Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 117997, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Vsevolod V Belousov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, 117997, Moscow, Russia. .,Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 117997, Moscow, Russia. .,Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 117997, Moscow, Russia. .,Federal Center of Brain Research and Neurotechnologies, Federal Medical Biological Agency, 117997, Moscow, Russia.
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6
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Arnhold J. Heme Peroxidases at Unperturbed and Inflamed Mucous Surfaces. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10111805. [PMID: 34829676 PMCID: PMC8614983 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10111805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In our organism, mucous surfaces are important boundaries against the environmental milieu with defined fluxes of metabolites through these surfaces and specific rules for defense reactions. Major mucous surfaces are formed by epithelia of the respiratory system and the digestive tract. The heme peroxidases lactoperoxidase (LPO), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and eosinophil peroxidase (EPO) contribute to immune protection at epithelial surfaces and in secretions. Whereas LPO is secreted from epithelial cells and maintains microbes in surface linings on low level, MPO and EPO are released from recruited neutrophils and eosinophils, respectively, at inflamed mucous surfaces. Activated heme peroxidases are able to oxidize (pseudo)halides to hypohalous acids and hypothiocyanite. These products are involved in the defense against pathogens, but can also contribute to cell and tissue damage under pathological conditions. This review highlights the beneficial and harmful functions of LPO, MPO, and EPO at unperturbed and inflamed mucous surfaces. Among the disorders, special attention is directed to cystic fibrosis and allergic reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen Arnhold
- Medical Faculty, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Leipzig University, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
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7
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Hawkins CL, Davies MJ. Role of myeloperoxidase and oxidant formation in the extracellular environment in inflammation-induced tissue damage. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 172:633-651. [PMID: 34246778 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The heme peroxidase family generates a battery of oxidants both for synthetic purposes, and in the innate immune defence against pathogens. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) is the most promiscuous family member, generating powerful oxidizing species including hypochlorous acid (HOCl). Whilst HOCl formation is important in pathogen removal, this species is also implicated in host tissue damage and multiple inflammatory diseases. Significant oxidant formation and damage occurs extracellularly as a result of MPO release via phagolysosomal leakage, cell lysis, extracellular trap formation, and inappropriate trafficking. MPO binds strongly to extracellular biomolecules including polyanionic glycosaminoglycans, proteoglycans, proteins, and DNA. This localizes MPO and subsequent damage, at least partly, to specific sites and species, including extracellular matrix (ECM) components and plasma proteins/lipoproteins. Biopolymer-bound MPO retains, or has enhanced, catalytic activity, though evidence is also available for non-catalytic effects. These interactions, particularly at cell surfaces and with the ECM/glycocalyx induce cellular dysfunction and altered gene expression. MPO binds with higher affinity to some damaged ECM components, rationalizing its accumulation at sites of inflammation. MPO-damaged biomolecules and fragments act as chemo-attractants and cell activators, and can modulate gene and protein expression in naïve cells, consistent with an increasing cycle of MPO adhesion, activity, damage, and altered cell function at sites of leukocyte infiltration and activation, with subsequent tissue damage and dysfunction. MPO levels are used clinically both diagnostically and prognostically, and there is increasing interest in strategies to prevent MPO-mediated damage; therapeutic aspects are not discussed as these have been reviewed elsewhere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clare L Hawkins
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Panum Institute, Blegdamsvej 3B, Copenhagen N, DK-2200, Denmark
| | - Michael J Davies
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Panum Institute, Blegdamsvej 3B, Copenhagen N, DK-2200, Denmark.
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8
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Oral pre-treatment with thiocyanate (SCN -) protects against myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion injury in rats. Sci Rep 2021; 11:12712. [PMID: 34135432 PMCID: PMC8209016 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92142-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite improvements in revascularization after a myocardial infarction, coronary disease remains a major contributor to global mortality. Neutrophil infiltration and activation contributes to tissue damage, via the release of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and formation of the damaging oxidant hypochlorous acid. We hypothesized that elevation of thiocyanate ions (SCN−), a competitive MPO substrate, would modulate tissue damage. Oral dosing of rats with SCN−, before acute ischemia–reperfusion injury (30 min occlusion, 24 h or 4 week recovery), significantly reduced the infarct size as a percentage of the total reperfused area (54% versus 74%), and increased the salvageable area (46% versus 26%) as determined by MRI imaging. No difference was observed in fractional shortening, but supplementation resulted in both left-ventricle end diastolic and left-ventricle end systolic areas returning to control levels, as determined by echocardiography. Supplementation also decreased antibody recognition of HOCl-damaged myocardial proteins. SCN− supplementation did not modulate serum markers of damage/inflammation (ANP, BNP, galectin-3, CRP), but returned metabolomic abnormalities (reductions in histidine, creatine and leucine by 0.83-, 0.84- and 0.89-fold, respectively), determined by NMR, to control levels. These data indicate that elevated levels of the MPO substrate SCN−, which can be readily modulated by dietary means, can protect against acute ischemia–reperfusion injury.
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9
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Nasim MJ, Zuraik MM, Abdin AY, Ney Y, Jacob C. Selenomethionine: A Pink Trojan Redox Horse with Implications in Aging and Various Age-Related Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10060882. [PMID: 34072794 PMCID: PMC8229699 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10060882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Selenium is an essential trace element. Although this chalcogen forms a wide variety of compounds, there are surprisingly few small-molecule organic selenium compounds (OSeCs) in biology. Besides its more prominent relative selenocysteine (SeCys), the amino acid selenomethionine (SeMet) is one example. SeMet is synthesized in plants and some fungi and, via nutrition, finds its way into mammalian cells. In contrast to its sulfur analog methionine (Met), SeMet is extraordinarily redox active under physiological conditions and via its catalytic selenide (RSeR')/selenoxide (RSe(O)R') couple provides protection against reactive oxygen species (ROS) and other possibly harmful oxidants. In contrast to SeCys, which is incorporated via an eloquent ribosomal mechanism, SeMet can enter such biomolecules by simply replacing proteinogenic Met. Interestingly, eukaryotes, such as yeast and mammals, also metabolize SeMet to a small family of reactive selenium species (RSeS). Together, SeMet, proteins containing SeMet and metabolites of SeMet form a powerful triad of redox-active metabolites with a plethora of biological implications. In any case, SeMet and its family of natural RSeS provide plenty of opportunities for studies in the fields of nutrition, aging, health and redox biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Jawad Nasim
- Division of Bioorganic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Saarland University, D-66123 Saarbruecken, Germany; (M.J.N.); (M.M.Z.); (A.Y.A.); (Y.N.)
| | - Mhd Mouayad Zuraik
- Division of Bioorganic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Saarland University, D-66123 Saarbruecken, Germany; (M.J.N.); (M.M.Z.); (A.Y.A.); (Y.N.)
| | - Ahmad Yaman Abdin
- Division of Bioorganic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Saarland University, D-66123 Saarbruecken, Germany; (M.J.N.); (M.M.Z.); (A.Y.A.); (Y.N.)
- University Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, University Artois, UMR 8181–UCCS–Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Yannick Ney
- Division of Bioorganic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Saarland University, D-66123 Saarbruecken, Germany; (M.J.N.); (M.M.Z.); (A.Y.A.); (Y.N.)
| | - Claus Jacob
- Division of Bioorganic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Saarland University, D-66123 Saarbruecken, Germany; (M.J.N.); (M.M.Z.); (A.Y.A.); (Y.N.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-681-302-3129
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10
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Ruth JC, Spormann AM. Enzyme Electrochemistry for Industrial Energy Applications—A Perspective on Future Areas of Focus. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c00708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- John C. Ruth
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Alfred M. Spormann
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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11
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Dereven'kov IA, Makarov SV, Brânzanic AM, Silaghi-Dumitrescu R, Molodtsov PA, Pokrovskaya EA. Formation of hydroxyl radical in aqueous solutions containing selenite and glutathione. Polyhedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2021.115072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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12
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Flouda K, Mercer J, Davies MJ, Hawkins CL. Role of myeloperoxidase-derived oxidants in the induction of vascular smooth muscle cell damage. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 166:165-177. [PMID: 33631301 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Myeloperoxidase (MPO) is released by activated immune cells and forms the oxidants hypochlorous acid (HOCl) and hypothiocyanous acid (HOSCN) from the competing substrates chloride and thiocyanate. MPO and the overproduction of HOCl are strongly linked with vascular cell dysfunction and inflammation in atherosclerosis. HOCl is highly reactive and causes marked cell dysfunction and death, whereas data with HOSCN are conflicting, and highly dependent on the nature of the cell type. In this study we have examined the reactivity of HOCl and HOSCN with human coronary artery smooth muscle cells (HCASMC), given the key role of this cell type in maintaining vascular function. HOCl reacts rapidly with the cells, resulting in extensive cell death by both necrosis and apoptosis, and increased levels of intracellular calcium. In contrast, HOSCN reacts more slowly, with cell death occurring only after prolonged incubation, and in the absence of the accumulation of intracellular calcium. Exposure of HCASMC to HOCl also influences mitochondrial respiration, decreases glycolysis, lactate release, the production of ATP, cellular thiols and glutathione levels. These changes occurred to varying extents on exposure of the cells to HOSCN, where evidence was also obtained for the reversible modification of cellular thiols. HOCl also induced alterations in the mRNA expression of multiple inflammatory and phenotypic genes. Interestingly, the extent and nature of these changes was highly dependent on the specific cell donor used, with more marked effects observed in cells isolated from diseased compared to healthy vessels. Overall, these data provide new insight into pathways promoting vascular dysfunction during chronic inflammation, support the use of thiocyanate as a means to modulate MPO-induced cellular damage in atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantina Flouda
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Panum, Blegdamsvej 3B, Copenhagen N, DK-2200, Denmark
| | - John Mercer
- Institute of Cardiovascular & Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, 126 University Place, Glasgow, G12 8TA, United Kingdom
| | - Michael J Davies
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Panum, Blegdamsvej 3B, Copenhagen N, DK-2200, Denmark
| | - Clare L Hawkins
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Panum, Blegdamsvej 3B, Copenhagen N, DK-2200, Denmark.
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13
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Flouda K, Gammelgaard B, Davies MJ, Hawkins CL. Modulation of hypochlorous acid (HOCl) induced damage to vascular smooth muscle cells by thiocyanate and selenium analogues. Redox Biol 2021; 41:101873. [PMID: 33550113 PMCID: PMC7868818 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.101873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The production of hypochlorous acid (HOCl) by myeloperoxidase (MPO) plays a key role in immune defense, but also induces host tissue damage, particularly in chronic inflammatory pathologies, including atherosclerosis. This has sparked interest in the development of therapeutic approaches that decrease HOCl formation during chronic inflammation, including the use of alternative MPO substrates. Thiocyanate (SCN−) supplementation decreases HOCl production by favouring formation of hypothiocyanous acid (HOSCN), which is more selectively toxic to bacterial cells. Selenium-containing compounds are also attractive therapeutic agents as they react rapidly with HOCl and can be catalytically recycled. In this study, we examined the ability of SCN−, selenocyanate (SeCN−) and selenomethionine (SeMet) to modulate HOCl-induced damage to human coronary artery smooth muscle cells (HCASMC), which are critical to both normal vessel function and lesion formation in atherosclerosis. Addition of SCN− prevented HOCl-induced cell death, altered the pattern and extent of intracellular thiol oxidation, and decreased perturbations to calcium homeostasis and pro-inflammatory signaling. Protection was also observed with SeCN− and SeMet, though SeMet was less effective than SeCN− and SCN−. Amelioration of damage was detected with sub-stoichiometric ratios of the added compound to HOCl. The effects of SCN− are consistent with conversion of HOCl to HOSCN. Whilst SeCN− prevented HOCl-induced damage to a similar extent to SCN−, the resulting product hyposelenocyanous acid (HOSeCN), was more toxic to HCASMC than HOSCN. These results provide support for the use of SCN− and/or selenium analogues as scavengers, to decrease HOCl-induced cellular damage and HOCl production at inflammatory sites in atherosclerosis and other pathologies. HOCl induces extensive smooth muscle cell death and irreversible thiol oxidation. Addition of SCN− decreases the extent of HOCl-induced cell damage. SeCN− has similar protective effects to SCN− towards HOCl-induced cell damage. HOSeCN is less toxic than HOCl but more damaging than HOSCN. SeMet modulates HOCl-induced damage but less effectively than SCN− or SeCN−.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantina Flouda
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, Copenhagen, DK-2200, Denmark
| | - Bente Gammelgaard
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, Copenhagen, DK-2100, Denmark
| | - Michael J Davies
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, Copenhagen, DK-2200, Denmark
| | - Clare L Hawkins
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, Copenhagen, DK-2200, Denmark.
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14
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Ulfig A, Leichert LI. The effects of neutrophil-generated hypochlorous acid and other hypohalous acids on host and pathogens. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:385-414. [PMID: 32661559 PMCID: PMC7873122 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03591-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Neutrophils are predominant immune cells that protect the human body against infections by deploying sophisticated antimicrobial strategies including phagocytosis of bacteria and neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation. Here, we provide an overview of the mechanisms by which neutrophils kill exogenous pathogens before we focus on one particular weapon in their arsenal: the generation of the oxidizing hypohalous acids HOCl, HOBr and HOSCN during the so-called oxidative burst by the enzyme myeloperoxidase. We look at the effects of these hypohalous acids on biological systems in general and proteins in particular and turn our attention to bacterial strategies to survive HOCl stress. HOCl is a strong inducer of protein aggregation, which bacteria can counteract by chaperone-like holdases that bind unfolding proteins without the need for energy in the form of ATP. These chaperones are activated by HOCl through thiol oxidation (Hsp33) or N-chlorination of basic amino acid side-chains (RidA and CnoX) and contribute to bacterial survival during HOCl stress. However, neutrophil-generated hypohalous acids also affect the host system. Recent studies have shown that plasma proteins act not only as sinks for HOCl, but get actively transformed into modulators of the cellular immune response through N-chlorination. N-chlorinated serum albumin can prevent aggregation of proteins, stimulate immune cells, and act as a pro-survival factor for immune cells in the presence of cytotoxic antigens. Finally, we take a look at the emerging role of HOCl as a potential signaling molecule, particularly its role in neutrophil extracellular trap formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnes Ulfig
- Ruhr University Bochum, Institute for Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry-Microbial Biochemistry, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - Lars I Leichert
- Ruhr University Bochum, Institute for Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry-Microbial Biochemistry, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44780, Bochum, Germany.
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15
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Dereven'kov IA, Makarov SV, Molodtsov PA, Makarova AS. Studies on the reaction between reduced riboflavin and selenocystine. INT J CHEM KINET 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/kin.21430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sergei V. Makarov
- Ivanovo State University of Chemistry and Technology Ivanovo 153000 Russia
| | - Pavel A. Molodtsov
- Ivanovo State University of Chemistry and Technology Ivanovo 153000 Russia
| | - Anna S. Makarova
- G.A. Krestov Institute of Solution Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences Ivanovo 153045 Russia
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16
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Al-Shehri SS. Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species and innate immune response. Biochimie 2020; 181:52-64. [PMID: 33278558 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2020.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The innate immune system is the first line of defense against pathogens and is characterized by its fast but nonspecific response. One important mechanism of this system is the production of the biocidal reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, which are widely distributed within biological systems, including phagocytes and secretions. Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species are short-lived intermediates that are biochemically synthesized by various enzymatic reactions in aerobic organisms and are regulated by antioxidants. The physiological levels of reactive species play important roles in cellular signaling and proliferation. However, higher concentrations and prolonged exposure can fight infections by damaging important microbial biomolecules. One feature of the reactive species generation system is the interaction between its components to produce more biocidal agents. For example, the phagocytic NADPH oxidase complex generates superoxide, which functions as a precursor for antimicrobial hydrogen peroxide synthesis. Peroxide is then used by myeloperoxidase in the same cells to generate hypochlorous acid, a highly microbicidal agent. Studies on animal models and microorganisms have shown that deficiency of these antimicrobial agents is associated with severe recurrent infections and immunocompromised diseases, such as chronic granulomatous disease. There is accumulating evidence that reactive species have important positive aspects on human health and immunity; however, some important promising features of this system remain obscure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saad S Al-Shehri
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P. O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia.
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17
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Kunwar A, Priyadarsini KI, Jain VK. 3,3'-Diselenodipropionic acid (DSePA): A redox active multifunctional molecule of biological relevance. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2020; 1865:129768. [PMID: 33148501 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2020.129768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extensive research is being carried out globally to design and develop new selenium compounds for various biological applications such as antioxidants, radio-protectors, anti-carcinogenic agents, biocides, etc. In this pursuit, 3,3'-diselenodipropionic acid (DSePA), a synthetic organoselenium compound, has received considerable attention for its biological activities. SCOPE OF REVIEW This review intends to give a comprehensive account of research on DSePA so as to facilitate further research activities on this organoselenium compound and to realize its full potential in different areas of biological and pharmacological sciences. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS It is an interesting diselenide structurally related to selenocystine. It shows moderate glutathione peroxidase (GPx)-like activity and is an excellent scavenger of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Exposure to radiation, as envisaged during radiation therapy, has been associated with normal tissue side effects and also with the decrease in selenium levels in the body. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of DSePA has confirmed its ability to reduce radiation induced side effects into normal tissues. Administration of DSePA through intraperitoneal (IP) or oral route to mice in a dose range of 2 to 2.5 mg/kg body weight has shown survival advantage against whole body irradiation and a significant protection to lung tissue against thoracic irradiation. Pharmacokinetic profiling of DSePA suggests its maximum absorption in the lung. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Research work on DSePA reported in fifteen years or so indicates that it is a promising multifunctional organoselenium compound exhibiting many important activities of biological relevance apart from radioprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kunwar
- Radiation & Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India.
| | - K Indira Priyadarsini
- UM-DAE Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences, University of Mumbai, Kalina Campus, Santacruz (E), Mumbai 400098, India.
| | - Vimal K Jain
- UM-DAE Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences, University of Mumbai, Kalina Campus, Santacruz (E), Mumbai 400098, India.
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18
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Carroll L, Gardiner K, Ignasiak M, Holmehave J, Shimodaira S, Breitenbach T, Iwaoka M, Ogilby PR, Pattison DI, Davies MJ. Interaction kinetics of selenium-containing compounds with oxidants. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 155:58-68. [PMID: 32439383 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Selenium compounds have been identified as potential oxidant scavengers for biological applications due to the nucleophilicity of Se, and the ease of oxidation of the selenium centre. Previous studies have reported apparent second order rate constants for a number of oxidants (e.g. HOCl, ONOOH) with some selenium species, but these data are limited. Here we provide apparent second order rate constants for reaction of selenols (RSeH), selenides (RSeR') and diselenides (RSeSeR') with biologically-relevant oxidants (HOCl, H2O2, other peroxides) as well as overall consumption data for the excited state species singlet oxygen (1O2). Selenols show very high reactivity with HOCl and 1O2, with rate constants > 108 M-1 s-1, whilst selenides and diselenides typically react with rate constants one- (selenides) or two- (diselenides) orders of magnitude slower. Rate constants for reaction of diselenides with H2O2 and other hydroperoxides are much slower, with k for H2O2 being <1 M-1 s-1, and for amino acid and peptide hydroperoxides ~102 M-1 s-1. The rate constants determined for HOCl and 1O2 with these selenium species are greater than, or similar to, rate constants for amino acid side chains on proteins, including the corresponding sulfur-centered species (Cys and Met), suggesting that selenium containing compounds may be effective oxidant scavengers. Some of these reactions may be catalytic in nature due to ready recycling of the oxidized selenium species. These data may aid the development of highly efficacious, and catalytic, oxidant scavengers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke Carroll
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kelly Gardiner
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Denmark; The Heart Research Institute, Sydney, Australia; Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Australia
| | - Marta Ignasiak
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznan, Poland
| | | | - Shingo Shimodaira
- Brain Korea (BK21), Dept. of Chemistry, KAIST 373-1, Daejeon, South Korea
| | | | - Michio Iwaoka
- Department of Chemistry, Tokai University, Hiratsuka, Japan
| | - Peter R Ogilby
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - David I Pattison
- The Heart Research Institute, Sydney, Australia; Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Michael J Davies
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Denmark; The Heart Research Institute, Sydney, Australia; Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Australia.
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19
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Guo C, Davies MJ, Hawkins CL. Role of thiocyanate in the modulation of myeloperoxidase-derived oxidant induced damage to macrophages. Redox Biol 2020; 36:101666. [PMID: 32781424 PMCID: PMC7417949 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloperoxidase (MPO) is a vital component of the innate immune system, which produces the potent oxidant hypochlorous acid (HOCl) to kill invading pathogens. However, an overproduction of HOCl during chronic inflammatory conditions causes damage to host cells, which promotes disease, including atherosclerosis. As such, there is increasing interest in the use of thiocyanate (SCN-) therapeutically to decrease inflammatory disease, as SCN- is the favoured substrate for MPO, and a potent competitive inhibitor of HOCl formation. Use of SCN- by MPO forms hypothiocyanous acid (HOSCN), which can be less damaging to mammalian cells. In this study, we examined the ability of SCN- to modulate damage to macrophages induced by HOCl, which is relevant to lesion formation in atherosclerosis. Addition of SCN- prevented HOCl-mediated cell death, altered the extent and nature of thiol oxidation and the phosphorylation of mitogen activated protein kinases. These changes were dependent on the concentration of SCN- and were observed in some cases, at a sub-stoichiometric ratio of SCN-: HOCl. Co-treatment with SCN- also modulated HOCl-induced perturbations in the expression of various antioxidant and inflammatory genes. In general, the data reflect the conversion of HOCl to HOSCN, which can induce reversible modifications that are repairable by cells. However, our data also highlight the ability of HOSCN to increase pro-inflammatory gene expression and cytokine/chemokine release, which may be relevant to the use of SCN- therapeutically in atherosclerosis. Overall, this study provides further insight into the cellular pathways by which SCN- could exert protective effects on supplementation to decrease the development of chronic inflammatory diseases, such as atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaorui Guo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Panum, Blegdamsvej 3B, Copenhagen, DK-2200, Denmark
| | - Michael J Davies
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Panum, Blegdamsvej 3B, Copenhagen, DK-2200, Denmark
| | - Clare L Hawkins
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Panum, Blegdamsvej 3B, Copenhagen, DK-2200, Denmark.
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20
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Davies MJ, Hawkins CL. The Role of Myeloperoxidase in Biomolecule Modification, Chronic Inflammation, and Disease. Antioxid Redox Signal 2020; 32:957-981. [PMID: 31989833 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2020.8030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Significance: The release of myeloperoxidase (MPO) by activated leukocytes is critical in innate immune responses. MPO produces hypochlorous acid (HOCl) and other strong oxidants, which kill bacteria and other invading pathogens. However, MPO also drives the development of numerous chronic inflammatory pathologies, including atherosclerosis, neurodegenerative disease, lung disease, arthritis, cancer, and kidney disease, which are globally responsible for significant patient mortality and morbidity. Recent Advances: The development of imaging approaches to precisely identify the localization of MPO and the molecular targets of HOCl in vivo is an important advance, as typically the involvement of MPO in inflammatory disease has been inferred by its presence, together with the detection of biomarkers of HOCl, in biological fluids or diseased tissues. This will provide valuable information in regard to the cell types responsible for releasing MPO in vivo, together with new insight into potential therapeutic opportunities. Critical Issues: Although there is little doubt as to the value of MPO inhibition as a protective strategy to mitigate tissue damage during chronic inflammation in experimental models, the impact of long-term inhibition of MPO as a therapeutic strategy for human disease remains uncertain, in light of the potential effects on innate immunity. Future Directions: The development of more targeted MPO inhibitors or a treatment regimen designed to reduce MPO-associated host tissue damage without compromising pathogen killing by the innate immune system is therefore an important future direction. Similarly, a partial MPO inhibition strategy may be sufficient to maintain adequate bacterial activity while decreasing the propagation of inflammatory pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Davies
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Clare L Hawkins
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, Denmark
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21
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Zacharias T, Flouda K, Jepps TA, Gammelgaard B, Schiesser CH, Davies MJ. Effects of a novel selenium substituted-sugar (1,4-anhydro-4-seleno-d-talitol, SeTal) on human coronary artery cell lines and mouse aortic rings. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 173:113631. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.113631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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22
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Day BJ, Bratcher PE, Chandler JD, Kilgore MB, Min E, LiPuma JJ, Hondal RJ, Nichols DP. The thiocyanate analog selenocyanate is a more potent antimicrobial pro-drug that also is selectively detoxified by the host. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 146:324-332. [PMID: 31740228 PMCID: PMC6951815 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A hallmark of cystic fibrosis (CF) lung pathology is an increased susceptibility to pulmonary infections. Thiocyanate (-SCN) is an endogenous component of the innate immunity's peroxidase system that converts -SCN to the antimicrobial agent hypothiocyanite (HOSCN). We have previously shown that the host thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), but not the pathogen's TrxR, can selectively detoxify HOSCN thereby decreasing inflammation and oxidative stress. We tested whether the -SCN analog selenocyanate (-SeCN) shares these properties against several clinical CF bacterial isolates. We examined oxidant production from a lactoperoxidase (LPO) system using -SeCN as a potential substrate. The LPO system generated an oxidant similar in nature to HOSCN and consistent with being HOSeCN. The rate of oxidant generation using -SeCN was significantly less than seen for -SCN. An LPO system was used to generate HOSCN or HOSeCN and compared for antimicrobial activity during in situ exposure of clinical CF isolates of P. aeruginosa (PA), B. cepacia complex (BCC), and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) obtained from CF sputum samples. Bacterial viability was assessed by colony forming units. Selective detoxification of HOSeCN was determined by comparing its metabolism by mammalian thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) to bacterial TrxR following the consumption of NADPH. We also assessed potential toxicity of equivalent HOSeCN generation, which demonstrated in situ antimicrobial activity, in human bronchial epithelial cells with a cell viability assay. The -SeCN/HOSeCN system was much more potent than -SCN/HOSCN system at killing PA, BCC and MRSA isolates. The -SeCN/HOSeCN system was more effective at killing -SCN/HOSCN resistant isolates. Mammalian TrxR selectively detoxified HOSeCN whereas the bacterial TrxR enzyme showed little activity. Human bronchial epithelial cells exposed to equivalent flux of HOSeCN that killed several CF pathogens showed no decrease in viability. -SeCN may be an effective therapeutic for the treatment of CF lung pathogens that are difficult to treat with current antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian J Day
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, 80206, USA; Department of Medicine University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
| | - Preston E Bratcher
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, 80206, USA
| | - Joshua D Chandler
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA; Center for CF and Airways Disease Research, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Matthew B Kilgore
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA; Center for CF and Airways Disease Research, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Elysia Min
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, 80206, USA
| | - John J LiPuma
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Robert J Hondal
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - David P Nichols
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA
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23
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Hypochlorous acid-mediated modification of proteins and its consequences. Essays Biochem 2019; 64:75-86. [DOI: 10.1042/ebc20190045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
AbstractMyeloperoxidase (MPO) is a mammalian heme peroxidase released by activated immune cells, which forms chemical oxidants, including hypochlorous acid (HOCl), to kill bacteria and other invading pathogens. In addition to this important role in the innate immune system, there is significant evidence from numerous chronic inflammatory pathologies for the elevated production of HOCl and associated oxidative modification of proteins and damage to host tissue. Proteins are major targets for HOCl in biological systems, owing to their abundance and the high reactivity of several amino acid side-chains with this oxidant. As such, there is significant interest in understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in HOCl-mediated protein damage and defining the consequences of these reactions. Exposure of proteins to HOCl results in a wide range of oxidative modifications and the formation of chlorinated products, which alter protein structure and enzyme activity, and impact the function of biological systems. This review describes the reactivity of HOCl with proteins, including the specific pathways involved in side-chain modification, backbone fragmentation and aggregation, and outlines examples of some of the biological consequences of these reactions, particularly in relation to the development of chronic inflammatory disease.
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24
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Gandhi KA, Goda JS, Gandhi VV, Sadanpurwala A, Jain VK, Joshi K, Epari S, Rane S, Mohanty B, Chaudhari P, Kembhavi S, Kunwar A, Gota V, Priyadarsini KI. Oral administration of 3,3'-diselenodipropionic acid prevents thoracic radiation induced pneumonitis in mice by suppressing NF-kB/IL-17/G-CSF/neutrophil axis. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 145:8-19. [PMID: 31521664 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of symptomatic radiation induced lung pneumonitis (RILP), a major dose limiting side effect of thoracic radiotherapy, is in the range of 15-40%. Therapeutic options for the prevention and treatment of RILP are limited. Hence there is a need for developing novel radioprotectors to prevent RILP which can be patient compliant. This study sought to evaluate the efficacy of oral 3,3'-diselenodipropionic acid (DSePA), a novel selenocystine derivative to prevent RILP. C3H/HeJ (pneumonitis responding) mice received a single dose of 18 Gy, whole thorax irradiation and a subset were treated with DSePA orally (2.5 mg/kg), three times per week beginning 2 h post irradiation and continued till 6 months. DSePA delayed onset of grade ≥ 2 RILP by 45 days compared to radiation control (~105 versus ~60 days). It also reversed the severity of pneumonitis in 3/10 radiation treated mice leading to significant improvement in asymptomatic survival compared to radiation control (~180 versus ~102 days). DSePA significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the radiation-mediated infiltration of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) and elevation in levels of cytokines such as IL1-β, ICAM-1, E-selectin, IL-17 and TGF-β in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Moreover DSePA lowered PMN-induced oxidants, maintained glutathione peroxidase activity and suppressed NF-kB/IL-17/G-CSF/neutrophil axis in the lung of irradiated mice. Additionally, this compound did not protect A549 (lung cancer) derived xenograft tumor from radiation exposure in SCID mice. DSePA offers protection to normal lung against RILP without affecting radiation sensitivity of tumors. It has the potential to be developed as an oral agent for preventing RILP.
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Affiliation(s)
- K A Gandhi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - J S Goda
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400 094, India.
| | - V V Gandhi
- Radiation and Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400 094, India
| | - A Sadanpurwala
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - V K Jain
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400 094, India; UM-DAE Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences, Kalina Campus, Mumbai, 400098, India
| | - K Joshi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - S Epari
- Department of Pathology, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - S Rane
- Department of Pathology, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - B Mohanty
- Department of Radio Diagnosis, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India; Animal Imaging Division, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - P Chaudhari
- Department of Radio Diagnosis, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India; Animal Imaging Division, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - S Kembhavi
- Department of Radio Diagnosis, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - A Kunwar
- Radiation and Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400 094, India.
| | - V Gota
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400 094, India.
| | - K I Priyadarsini
- Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400 094, India.
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25
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Reyes L, Bishop DP, Hawkins CL, Rayner BS. Assessing the Efficacy of Dietary Selenomethionine Supplementation in the Setting of Cardiac Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8110546. [PMID: 31766199 PMCID: PMC6912310 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8110546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a major hallmark of cardiac ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. This partly arises from the presence of activated phagocytes releasing myeloperoxidase (MPO) and its production of hypochlorous acid (HOCl). The dietary supplement selenomethionine (SeMet) has been shown to bolster endogenous antioxidant processes as well as readily react with MPO-derived oxidants. The aim of this study was to assess whether supplementation with SeMet could modulate the extent of cellular damage observed in an in vitro cardiac myocyte model exposed to (patho)-physiological levels of HOCl and an in vivo rat model of cardiac I/R injury. Exposure of the H9c2 cardiac myoblast cell line to HOCl resulted in a dose-dependent increase in necrotic cell death, which could be prevented by SeMet supplementation and was attributed to SeMet preventing the HOCl-induced loss of mitochondrial inner trans-membrane potential, and the associated cytosolic calcium accumulation. This protection was credited primarily to the direct oxidant scavenging ability of SeMet, with a minor contribution arising from the ability of SeMet to bolster cardiac myoblast glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity. In vivo, a significant increase in selenium levels in the plasma and heart tissue were seen in male Wistar rats fed a diet supplemented with 2 mg kg−1 SeMet compared to controls. However, SeMet-supplementation demonstrated only limited improvement in heart function and did not result in better heart remodelling following I/R injury. These data indicate that SeMet supplementation is of potential benefit within pathological settings where excessive HOCl is known to be generated but has limited efficacy as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of heart attack.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Reyes
- Heart Research Institute, Sydney 2042, Australia; (L.R.); (C.L.H.)
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia
| | - David P. Bishop
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney 2007, Australia;
| | - Clare L. Hawkins
- Heart Research Institute, Sydney 2042, Australia; (L.R.); (C.L.H.)
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Benjamin S. Rayner
- Heart Research Institute, Sydney 2042, Australia; (L.R.); (C.L.H.)
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-2808-8900
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26
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Shu N, Cheng Q, Arnér ESJ, Davies MJ. Inhibition and crosslinking of the selenoprotein thioredoxin reductase-1 by p-benzoquinone. Redox Biol 2019; 28:101335. [PMID: 31590044 PMCID: PMC6812298 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2019.101335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Quinones are common in nature, and often cytotoxic. Their proposed toxicity mechanisms involve redox cycling with radical generation, and/or reactions with nucleophiles, such as protein cysteine (Cys) residues, forming adducts via Michael addition reactions. The selenenyl anion of selenocysteine (Sec) is a stronger nucleophile, more prevalent at physiological pH, and more reactive than the corresponding thiolate anion of Cys. We therefore hypothesized that Sec residues should be readily modified by quinones and with potential consequences for the structure and function of selenoproteins. Here, we report data on the interaction of p-benzoquinone (BQ) with the selenoprotein thioredoxin reductase-1 (TrxR1), which exposes an accessible Sec residue upon physiological reduction by NADPH. Our results reveal that BQ targets NADPH-reduced TrxR1 and inhibits its activity using 5,5′-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid) or juglone as model substrates, consistent with the targeting of both the Cys and Sec residues of TrxR1. In the absence of NADPH, BQ modified the non-catalytic Cys residues, leading to subunit crosslinking, mainly through disulfides, which also resulted in some loss of activity. This crosslinking was time-dependent and independent of the Sec residue. Addition of NADPH after BQ pre-treatment could resolve the disulfide-linked crosslinking. TrxR activity loss was also observed upon incubation of J774A.1 cells or cell lysates with BQ. These data suggest that BQ readily targets TrxR1, albeit in a rather complex manner, which results in structural changes and loss of enzyme activity. We suggest that TrxR1 targeting can explain some of the cytotoxicity of BQ, and potentially also that of other quinone compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Shu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Qing Cheng
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elias S J Arnér
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Michael J Davies
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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27
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Dereven’kov IA, Makarov SV. Mechanistic studies on the reaction between glutathionylcobalamin and selenocysteine. J COORD CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2019.1570166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ilia A. Dereven’kov
- Institute of Macroheterocyclic Compounds, Ivanovo State University of Chemistry and Technology, Ivanovo, Russian Federation
| | - Sergei V. Makarov
- Institute of Macroheterocyclic Compounds, Ivanovo State University of Chemistry and Technology, Ivanovo, Russian Federation
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28
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Liu C, Xu L, Tian H, Yao H, Elding LI, Shi T. Kinetics and mechanism for reduction of Pt(IV) anticancer model compounds by Se-methyl L-selenocysteine. Comparison with L-selenomethionine. J Mol Liq 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2018.09.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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29
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Bonvino NP, Liang J, McCord ED, Zafiris E, Benetti N, Ray NB, Hung A, Boskou D, Karagiannis TC. OliveNet™: a comprehensive library of compounds from Olea europaea. DATABASE-THE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL DATABASES AND CURATION 2018; 2018:4851153. [PMID: 29688352 PMCID: PMC5808783 DOI: 10.1093/database/bay016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Accumulated epidemiological, clinical and experimental evidence has indicated the beneficial health effects of the Mediterranean diet, which is typified by the consumption of virgin olive oil (VOO) as a main source of dietary fat. At the cellular level, compounds derived from various olive (Olea europaea), matrices, have demonstrated potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, which are thought to account, at least in part, for their biological effects. Research efforts are expanding into the characterization of compounds derived from Olea europaea, however, the considerable diversity and complexity of the vast array of chemical compounds have made their precise identification and quantification challenging. As such, only a relatively small subset of olive-derived compounds has been explored for their biological activity and potential health effects to date. Although there is adequate information describing the identification or isolation of olive-derived compounds, these are not easily searchable, especially when attempting to acquire chemical or biological properties. Therefore, we have created the OliveNet™ database containing a comprehensive catalogue of compounds identified from matrices of the olive, including the fruit, leaf and VOO, as well as in the wastewater and pomace accrued during oil production. From a total of 752 compounds, chemical analysis was sufficient for 676 individual compounds, which have been included in the database. The database is curated and comprehensively referenced containing information for the 676 compounds, which are divided into 13 main classes and 47 subclasses. Importantly, with respect to current research trends, the database includes 222 olive phenolics, which are divided into 13 subclasses. To our knowledge, OliveNet™ is currently the only curated open access database with a comprehensive collection of compounds associated with Olea europaea. Database URL: https://www.mccordresearch.com.au
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie P Bonvino
- Epigenomic Medicine, Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia.,Health Innovations Research Institute, School of Applied Sciences, RMIT University, VIC 3001, Australia
| | - Julia Liang
- Epigenomic Medicine, Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia.,Health Innovations Research Institute, School of Applied Sciences, RMIT University, VIC 3001, Australia
| | | | - Elena Zafiris
- Epigenomic Medicine, Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Natalia Benetti
- Epigenomic Medicine, Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | | | - Andrew Hung
- Health Innovations Research Institute, School of Applied Sciences, RMIT University, VIC 3001, Australia
| | | | - Tom C Karagiannis
- Epigenomic Medicine, Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia.,Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
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30
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Casaril AM, Ignasiak MT, Chuang CY, Vieira B, Padilha NB, Carroll L, Lenardão EJ, Savegnago L, Davies MJ. Selenium-containing indolyl compounds: Kinetics of reaction with inflammation-associated oxidants and protective effect against oxidation of extracellular matrix proteins. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 113:395-405. [PMID: 29055824 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.10.344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Revised: 10/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Activated white blood cells generate multiple oxidants in response to invading pathogens. Thus, hypochlorous acid (HOCl) is generated via the reaction of myeloperoxidase (from neutrophils and monocytes) with hydrogen peroxide, and peroxynitrous acid (ONOOH), a potent oxidizing and nitrating agent is formed from superoxide radicals and nitric oxide, generated by stimulated macrophages. Excessive or misplaced production of these oxidants has been linked to multiple human pathologies, including cardiovascular disease. Atherosclerosis is characterized by chronic inflammation and the presence of oxidized materials, including extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, within the artery wall. Here we investigated the potential of selenium-containing indoles to afford protection against these oxidants, by determining rate constants (k) for their reaction, and quantifying the extent of damage on isolated ECM proteins and ECM generated by human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAECs). The novel selenocompounds examined react with HOCl with k 0.2-1.0 × 108M-1s-1, and ONOOH with k 4.5-8.6 - × 105M-1s-1. Reaction with H2O2 is considerably slower (k < 0.25M-1s-1). The selenocompound 2-phenyl-3-(phenylselanyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine provided protection to human serum albumin (HSA) against HOCl-mediated damage (as assessed by SDS-PAGE) and damage to isolated matrix proteins induced by ONOOH, with a concomitant decrease in the levels of the biomarker 3-nitrotyrosine. Structural damage and generation of 3-nitroTyr on HCAEC-ECM were also reduced. These data demonstrate that the novel selenium-containing compounds show high reactivity with oxidants and may modulate oxidative and nitrosative damage at sites of inflammation, contributing to a reduction in tissue dysfunction and atherogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela M Casaril
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Neurobiotecnologia - GPN - Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, P.O. Box 354, 96010-900 Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Marta T Ignasiak
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | - Christine Y Chuang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Beatriz Vieira
- Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica Limpa - LASOL - Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, P.O. Box 354, 96010-900 Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Nathalia B Padilha
- Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica Limpa - LASOL - Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, P.O. Box 354, 96010-900 Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Luke Carroll
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Eder J Lenardão
- Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica Limpa - LASOL - Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, P.O. Box 354, 96010-900 Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Lucielli Savegnago
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Neurobiotecnologia - GPN - Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, P.O. Box 354, 96010-900 Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Michael J Davies
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
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31
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Madrigal-Matute J, Martinez-Pinna R, Ramos-Mozo P, Blanco-Colio L, Moreno J, Tarin C, Burillo E, Fernandez-Garcia C, Egido J, Meilhac O, Michel JB, Martin-Ventura J. Erythrocytes, leukocytes and platelets as a source of oxidative stress in chronic vascular diseases: Detoxifying mechanisms and potential therapeutic options. Thromb Haemost 2017; 108:435-42. [DOI: 10.1160/th12-04-0248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2012] [Accepted: 06/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
SummaryOxidative stress is involved in the chronic pathological vascular remodelling of both abdominal aortic aneurysm and occlusive atherosclerosis. Red blood cells (RBCs), leukocytes and platelets present in both, aneurysmal intraluminal thrombus and intraplaque haemorraghes, could be involved in the redox imbalance inside diseased arterial tissues. RBCs haemolysis may release the pro-oxidant haemoglobin (Hb), which transfers heme to tissue and low-density lipoproteins. Heme-iron potentiates molecular, cell and tissue toxicity mediated by leukocytes and other sources of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Polymorphonuclear neutrophils release myeloperoxidase and, along with activated platelets, produce superoxide mediated by NADPH oxidase, causing oxidative damage. In response to this pro-oxidant milieu, several anti-oxidant molecules of plasma or cell origin can prevent ROS production. Free Hb binds to haptoglobin (Hp) and once Hp-Hb complex is endocytosed by CD163, liberated heme is converted into less toxic compounds by heme oxygenase-1. Iron homeostasis is mainly regulated by transferrin, which transports ferric ions to other cells. Transferrin-bound iron is internalised via endocytosis mediated by transferrin receptor. Once inside the cell, iron is mainly stored by ferritin. Other non hemo-iron related antioxidant enzymes (e.g. superoxide dismutase, catalase, thioredoxin and peroxiredoxin) are also involved in redox modulation in vascular remodelling. Oxidative stress is a main determinant of chronic pathological remodelling of the arterial wall, partially linked to the presence of RBCs, leukocytes, platelets and oxidised fibrin within tissue and to the imbalance between pro-/anti-oxidant molecules. Understanding the complex mechanisms underlying redox imbalance could help to define novel potential targets to decrease atherothrombotic risk.
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32
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Dereven'kov IA, Polyakova AY, Makarov SV. Kinetic and Mechanistic Studies on the Reaction between Aquacobalamin and Selenocysteine. Eur J Inorg Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201700973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ilia A. Dereven'kov
- Department of Food Chemistry; Ivanovo State University of Chemistry and Technology; Sheremetevskiy str. 7 153000 Ivanovo Russia
| | - Anastasiya Yu. Polyakova
- Department of Food Chemistry; Ivanovo State University of Chemistry and Technology; Sheremetevskiy str. 7 153000 Ivanovo Russia
| | - Sergei V. Makarov
- Department of Food Chemistry; Ivanovo State University of Chemistry and Technology; Sheremetevskiy str. 7 153000 Ivanovo Russia
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33
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Groitl B, Dahl JU, Schroeder JW, Jakob U. Pseudomonas aeruginosa defense systems against microbicidal oxidants. Mol Microbiol 2017; 106:335-350. [PMID: 28795780 DOI: 10.1111/mmi.13768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The most abundant oxidants controlling bacterial colonization on mucosal barrier epithelia are hypochlorous acid (HOCl), hypobromous acid (HOBr) and hypothiocyanous acid (HOSCN). All three oxidants are highly antimicrobial but little is known about their relative efficacies, their respective cellular targets, or what specific responses they elicit in bacteria. To address these important questions, we directly tested the individual oxidants on the virulent Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain PA14. We discovered that HOCl and HOBr work almost interchangeably, impacting non-growing bacterial cultures more significantly than actively growing bacteria, and eliciting similar stress responses, including the heat shock response. HOSCN treatment is distinctly different, affecting primarily actively growing PA14 and evoking stress responses suggestive of membrane damage. What all three oxidants have in common, however, is their ability to cause substantial protein aggregation. This effect became particularly obvious in strains lacking polyphosphate, a newly recognized chemical chaperone. Treatment of PA14 with the FDA-approved anti-inflammatory drug mesalamine, which has recently been shown to attenuate polyP production in a wide range of bacteria, effectively decreased the resistance of PA14 toward all three oxidants, suggesting that we have discovered a novel, targetable defense system in P. aeruginosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bastian Groitl
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jan-Ulrik Dahl
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jeremy W Schroeder
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Ursula Jakob
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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34
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Carroll L, Pattison DI, Fu S, Schiesser CH, Davies MJ, Hawkins CL. Catalytic oxidant scavenging by selenium-containing compounds: Reduction of selenoxides and N-chloramines by thiols and redox enzymes. Redox Biol 2017; 12:872-882. [PMID: 28458184 PMCID: PMC5408155 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2017.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Revised: 04/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Myeloperoxidase produces strong oxidants during the immune response to destroy invading pathogens. However, these oxidants can also cause tissue damage, which contributes to the development of numerous inflammatory diseases. Selenium containing compounds, including selenomethionine (SeMet) and 1,4-anhydro-5-seleno-D-talitol (SeTal), react rapidly with different MPO-derived oxidants to form the respective selenoxides (SeMetO and SeTalO). This study investigates the susceptibility of these selenoxides to undergo reduction back to the parent compounds by intracellular reducing systems, including glutathione (GSH) and the glutathione reductase and thioredoxin reductase systems. GSH is shown to reduce SeMetO and SeTalO, with consequent formation of GSSG with apparent second order rate constants, k2, in the range 103–104 M−1 s−1. Glutathione reductase reduces both SeMetO and SeTalO at the expense of NADPH via formation of GSSG, whereas thioredoxin reductase acts only on SeMetO. The presence of SeMet and SeTal also increased the rate at which NADPH was consumed by the glutathione reductase system in the presence of N-chloramines. In contrast, the presence of SeMet and SeTal reduced the rate of NADPH consumption by the thioredoxin reductase system after addition of N-chloramines, consistent with the rapid formation of selenoxides, but only slow reduction by thioredoxin reductase. These results support a potential role of seleno compounds to act as catalytic scavengers of MPO-derived oxidants, particularly in the presence of glutathione reductase and NADPH, assuming that sufficient plasma levels of the parent selenoether can be achieved in vivo following supplementation. Selenoxides react with thiols including GSH by a two-step mechanism. The reaction is proposed to occur via a selenosulfide intermediate. The thioredoxin reductase system recycles selenomethionine selenoxide. The glutathione reductase system reduces both N-chloramines and selenoxides. Selenoxides can increase the reduction of N-chloramines by antioxidant systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke Carroll
- The Heart Research Institute, 7 Eliza St, Newtown, NSW 2042, Australia; Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, Copenhagen N 2200, Denmark
| | - David I Pattison
- The Heart Research Institute, 7 Eliza St, Newtown, NSW 2042, Australia; Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Shanlin Fu
- University of Technology Sydney, Centre for Forensic Science, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Carl H Schiesser
- School of Chemistry and Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Michael J Davies
- The Heart Research Institute, 7 Eliza St, Newtown, NSW 2042, Australia; Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, Copenhagen N 2200, Denmark
| | - Clare L Hawkins
- The Heart Research Institute, 7 Eliza St, Newtown, NSW 2042, Australia; Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, Copenhagen N 2200, Denmark.
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35
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Ng HH, Leo CH, O'Sullivan K, Alexander SA, Davies MJ, Schiesser CH, Parry LJ. 1,4-Anhydro-4-seleno-d-talitol (SeTal) protects endothelial function in the mouse aorta by scavenging superoxide radicals under conditions of acute oxidative stress. Biochem Pharmacol 2016; 128:34-45. [PMID: 28027880 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2016.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hyperglycaemia increases the generation of reactive oxidants in blood vessels and is a major cause of endothelial dysfunction. A water-soluble selenium-containing sugar (1,4-Anhydro-4-seleno-d-talitol, SeTal) has potent antioxidant activity in vitro and is a promising treatment to accelerate wound healing in diabetic mice. One possible mechanism of SeTal action is a direct effect on blood vessels. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that SeTal prevents endothelial dysfunction by scavenging reactive oxidants in isolated mouse aorta under conditions of acute oxidative stress induced by hyperglycaemia. Aortae were isolated from C57BL/6 male mice and mounted on a wire-myograph to assess vascular function. In the presence of a superoxide radical generator, pyrogallol, 300μM and 1mM of SeTal effectively prevented endothelial dysfunction compared to other selenium-containing compounds. In a second set of ex vivo experiments, mouse aortae were incubated for three days with either normal or high glucose, and co-incubated with SeTal at 37°C in 5% CO2. High glucose significantly reduced the sensitivity to the endothelium-dependent agonist, acetylcholine (ACh), increased superoxide production and decreased basal nitric oxide (NO) availability. SeTal (1mM) co-treatment prevented high glucose-induced endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress in the mouse aorta. The presence of a cyclooxygenase inhibitor, indomethacin significantly improved the sensitivity to ACh in high glucose-treated aortae, but had no effect in SeTal-treated aortae. Our data show that SeTal has potent antioxidant activity in isolated mouse aortae and prevents high glucose-induced endothelial dysfunction by decreasing superoxide levels, increasing basal NO availability and normalising the contribution of vasoconstrictor prostanoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hooi Hooi Ng
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
| | - Chen Huei Leo
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
| | - Kelly O'Sullivan
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
| | - Stefanie-Ann Alexander
- School of Chemistry and Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia.
| | - Michael J Davies
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Carl H Schiesser
- School of Chemistry and Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia.
| | - Laura J Parry
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
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Karimi M, Ignasiak MT, Chan B, Croft AK, Radom L, Schiesser CH, Pattison DI, Davies MJ. Reactivity of disulfide bonds is markedly affected by structure and environment: implications for protein modification and stability. Sci Rep 2016; 6:38572. [PMID: 27941824 PMCID: PMC5150571 DOI: 10.1038/srep38572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Disulfide bonds play a key role in stabilizing protein structures, with disruption strongly associated with loss of protein function and activity. Previous data have suggested that disulfides show only modest reactivity with oxidants. In the current study, we report kinetic data indicating that selected disulfides react extremely rapidly, with a variation of 104 in rate constants. Five-membered ring disulfides are particularly reactive compared with acyclic (linear) disulfides or six-membered rings. Particular disulfides in proteins also show enhanced reactivity. This variation occurs with multiple oxidants and is shown to arise from favorable electrostatic stabilization of the incipient positive charge on the sulfur reaction center by remote groups, or by the neighboring sulfur for conformations in which the orbitals are suitably aligned. Controlling these factors should allow the design of efficient scavengers and high-stability proteins. These data are consistent with selective oxidative damage to particular disulfides, including those in some proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Karimi
- The Heart Research Institute, 7 Eliza St, Newtown, NSW, 2042, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Marta T Ignasiak
- Department of Biomedical Science, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
| | - Bun Chan
- School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Anna K Croft
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, Great Britain
| | - Leo Radom
- School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Carl H Schiesser
- School of Chemistry, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - David I Pattison
- The Heart Research Institute, 7 Eliza St, Newtown, NSW, 2042, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Michael J Davies
- The Heart Research Institute, 7 Eliza St, Newtown, NSW, 2042, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.,Department of Biomedical Science, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
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Love DT, Barrett TJ, White MY, Cordwell SJ, Davies MJ, Hawkins CL. Cellular targets of the myeloperoxidase-derived oxidant hypothiocyanous acid (HOSCN) and its role in the inhibition of glycolysis in macrophages. Free Radic Biol Med 2016; 94:88-98. [PMID: 26898502 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Revised: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Myeloperoxidase (MPO) released at sites of inflammation catalyzes the formation of the oxidants hypochlorous acid (HOCl) and hypothiocyanous acid (HOSCN) from H2O2 and halide and pseudo-halide ions. HOCl, a major oxidant produced under physiological conditions reacts rapidly with many biological molecules, and is strongly linked with tissue damage during inflammatory disease. The role of HOSCN in disease is less clear, though it can initiate cellular damage by pathways involving the selective oxidation of thiol-containing proteins. Utilizing a thiol-specific proteomic approach, we explored the cellular targets of HOSCN in macrophages (J774A.1). We report that multiple thiol-containing proteins involved in metabolism and glycolysis; fructose bisphosphate aldolase, triosephosphate isomerase, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) and creatine kinase, together with a number of chaperone, antioxidant and structural proteins, were modified in a reversible manner in macrophages treated with HOSCN. The modification of the metabolic enzymes was associated with a decrease in basal glycolysis, glycolytic reserve, glycolytic capacity and lactate release, which was only partly reversible on further incubation in the absence of HOSCN. Inhibition of glycolysis preceded cell death and was seen in cells exposed to low concentrations (≤25µM) of HOSCN. The ability of HOSCN to inhibit glycolysis and perturb energy production is likely to contribute to the cell death seen in macrophages on further incubation after the initial treatment period, which may be relevant for the propagation of inflammatory disease in smokers, who have elevated plasma levels of the HOSCN precursor, thiocyanate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominic T Love
- The Heart Research Institute, 7 Eliza St., Newtown, NSW 2042, Australia; Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Tessa J Barrett
- The Heart Research Institute, 7 Eliza St., Newtown, NSW 2042, Australia; Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Melanie Y White
- School of Molecular Bioscience, School of Medical Sciences, and Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, 2006, Australia
| | - Stuart J Cordwell
- School of Molecular Bioscience, School of Medical Sciences, and Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, 2006, Australia
| | - Michael J Davies
- The Heart Research Institute, 7 Eliza St., Newtown, NSW 2042, Australia; Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
| | - Clare L Hawkins
- The Heart Research Institute, 7 Eliza St., Newtown, NSW 2042, Australia; Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
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Talib J, Davies MJ. Exposure of aconitase to smoking-related oxidants results in iron loss and increased iron response protein-1 activity: potential mechanisms for iron accumulation in human arterial cells. J Biol Inorg Chem 2016; 21:305-17. [DOI: 10.1007/s00775-016-1340-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Cook NL, Moeke CH, Fantoni LI, Pattison DI, Davies MJ. The myeloperoxidase-derived oxidant hypothiocyanous acid inhibits protein tyrosine phosphatases via oxidation of key cysteine residues. Free Radic Biol Med 2016; 90:195-205. [PMID: 26616646 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Revised: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Phosphorylation of protein tyrosine residues is critical to cellular processes, and is regulated by kinases and phosphatases (PTPs). PTPs contain a redox-sensitive active site Cys residue, which is readily oxidized. Myeloperoxidase, released from activated leukocytes, catalyzes thiocyanate ion (SCN(-)) oxidation by H2O2 to form hypothiocyanous acid (HOSCN), an oxidant that targets Cys residues. Dysregulated phosphorylation and elevated MPO levels have been associated with chronic inflammatory diseases where HOSCN can be generated. Previous studies have shown that HOSCN inhibits isolated PTP1B and induces cellular dysfunction in cultured macrophage-like cells. The present study extends this previous work and shows that physiologically-relevant concentrations of HOSCN alter the activity and structure of other members of the wider PTP family (including leukocyte antigen-related PTP, PTP-LAR; T-cell PTP, TC-PTP; CD45 and Src homology phosphatase-1, Shp-1) by targeting Cys residues. Isolated PTP activity, and activity in lysates of human monocyte-derived macrophages (HMDM) was inhibited by 0-100 µM HOSCN with this being accompanied by reversible oxidation of Cys residues, formation of sulfenic acids or sulfenyl-thiocyanates (detected by Western blotting, and LC-MS as dimedone adducts), and structural changes. LC-MS/MS peptide mass-mapping has provided data on the modified Cys residues in PTP-LAR. This study indicates that inflammation-induced oxidants, and particularly myeloperoxidase-derived species, can modulate the activity of multiple members of the PTP superfamily via oxidation of Cys residues to sulfenic acids. This alteration of the balance of PTP/kinase activity may perturb protein phosphorylation and disrupt cell signaling with subsequent induction of apoptosis at sites of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi L Cook
- The Heart Research Institute, Newtown, Sydney, NSW 2042, Australia
| | - Cassidy H Moeke
- The Heart Research Institute, Newtown, Sydney, NSW 2042, Australia; Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Luca I Fantoni
- The Heart Research Institute, Newtown, Sydney, NSW 2042, Australia
| | - David I Pattison
- The Heart Research Institute, Newtown, Sydney, NSW 2042, Australia; Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Michael J Davies
- The Heart Research Institute, Newtown, Sydney, NSW 2042, Australia; Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Building 4.5, Blegdamsvej 3, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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40
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Storkey C, Pattison DI, Ignasiak MT, Schiesser CH, Davies MJ. Kinetics of reaction of peroxynitrite with selenium- and sulfur-containing compounds: Absolute rate constants and assessment of biological significance. Free Radic Biol Med 2015; 89:1049-56. [PMID: 26524402 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.10.424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Revised: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Peroxynitrite (the physiological mixture of ONOOH and its anion, ONOO(-)) is a powerful biologically-relevant oxidant capable of oxidizing and damaging a range of important targets including sulfides, thiols, lipids, proteins, carbohydrates and nucleic acids. Excessive production of peroxynitrite is associated with several human pathologies including cardiovascular disease, ischemic-reperfusion injury, circulatory shock, inflammation and neurodegeneration. This study demonstrates that low-molecular-mass selenols (RSeH), selenides (RSeR') and to a lesser extent diselenides (RSeSeR') react with peroxynitrite with high rate constants. Low molecular mass selenols react particularly rapidly with peroxynitrite, with second order rate constants k2 in the range 5.1 × 10(5)-1.9 × 10(6)M(-1)s(-1), and 250-830 fold faster than the corresponding thiols (RSH) and many other endogenous biological targets. Reactions of peroxynitrite with selenides, including selenosugars are approximately 15-fold faster than their sulfur homologs with k2 approximately 2.5 × 10(3)M(-1)s(-1). The rate constants for diselenides and sulfides were slower with k2 0.72-1.3 × 10(3)M(-1)s(-1) and approximately 2.1 × 10(2)M(-1)s(-1) respectively. These studies demonstrate that both endogenous and exogenous selenium-containing compounds may modulate peroxynitrite-mediated damage at sites of acute and chronic inflammation, with this being of particular relevance at extracellular sites where the thiol pool is limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corin Storkey
- The Heart Research Institute, 7 Eliza Street, Newtown, NSW 2042, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - David I Pattison
- The Heart Research Institute, 7 Eliza Street, Newtown, NSW 2042, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Marta T Ignasiak
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Belgdamsvej 3, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
| | - Carl H Schiesser
- School of Chemistry, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Michael J Davies
- The Heart Research Institute, 7 Eliza Street, Newtown, NSW 2042, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Belgdamsvej 3, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark.
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41
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Abstract
The development of technology for the inexpensive generation of the renewable energy vector H2 through water splitting is of immediate economic, ecological, and humanitarian interest. Recent interest in hydrogenases has been fueled by their exceptionally high catalytic rates for H2 production at a marginal overpotential, which is presently only matched by the nonscalable noble metal platinum. The mechanistic understanding of hydrogenase function guides the design of synthetic catalysts, and selection of a suitable hydrogenase enables direct applications in electro- and photocatalysis. [FeFe]-hydrogenases display excellent H2 evolution activity, but they are irreversibly damaged upon exposure to O2, which currently prevents their use in full water splitting systems. O2-tolerant [NiFe]-hydrogenases are known, but they are typically strongly biased toward H2 oxidation, while H2 production by [NiFe]-hydrogenases is often product (H2) inhibited. [NiFeSe]-hydrogenases are a subclass of [NiFe]-hydrogenases with a selenocysteine residue coordinated to the active site nickel center in place of a cysteine. They exhibit a combination of unique properties that are highly advantageous for applications in water splitting compared with other hydrogenases. They display a high H2 evolution rate with marginal inhibition by H2 and tolerance to O2. [NiFeSe]-hydrogenases are therefore one of the most active molecular H2 evolution catalysts applicable in water splitting. Herein, we summarize our recent progress in exploring the unique chemistry of [NiFeSe]-hydrogenases through biomimetic model chemistry and the chemistry with [NiFeSe]-hydrogenases in semiartificial photosynthetic systems. We gain perspective from the structural, spectroscopic, and electrochemical properties of the [NiFeSe]-hydrogenases and compare them with the chemistry of synthetic models of this hydrogenase active site. Our synthetic models give insight into the effects on the electronic properties and reactivity of the active site upon the introduction of selenium. We have utilized the exceptional properties of the [NiFeSe]-hydrogenase from Desulfomicrobium baculatum in a number of photocatalytic H2 production schemes, which are benchmark systems in terms of single site activity, tolerance toward O2, and in vitro water splitting with biological molecules. Each system comprises a light-harvesting component, which allows for light-driven electron transfer to the hydrogenase in order for it to catalyze H2 production. A system with [NiFeSe]-hydrogenase on a dye-sensitized TiO2 nanoparticle gives an enzyme-semiconductor hybrid for visible light-driven generation of H2 with an enzyme-based turnover frequency of 50 s(-1). A stable and inexpensive polymeric carbon nitride as a photosensitizer in combination with the [NiFeSe]-hydrogenase shows good activity for more than 2 days. Light-driven H2 evolution with the enzyme and an organic dye under high O2 levels demonstrates the excellent robustness and feasibility of water splitting with a hydrogenase-based scheme. This has led, most recently, to the development of a light-driven full water splitting system with a [NiFeSe]-hydrogenase wired to the water oxidation enzyme photosystem II in a photoelectrochemical cell. In contrast to the other systems, this photoelectrochemical system does not rely on a sacrificial electron donor and allowed us to establish the long sought after light-driven water splitting with an isolated hydrogenase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Wombwell
- Christian Doppler Laboratory
for Sustainable SynGas Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Christine A. Caputo
- Christian Doppler Laboratory
for Sustainable SynGas Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Erwin Reisner
- Christian Doppler Laboratory
for Sustainable SynGas Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
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42
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Flemmig J, Gau J, Schlorke D, Arnhold J. Lactoperoxidase as a potential drug target. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2015; 20:447-61. [DOI: 10.1517/14728222.2016.1112378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jörg Flemmig
- Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Härtelstraße 16 – 18, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
- Translational Centre for Regenerative Medicine (TRM) Leipzig, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jana Gau
- Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Härtelstraße 16 – 18, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Denise Schlorke
- Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Härtelstraße 16 – 18, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
- Translational Centre for Regenerative Medicine (TRM) Leipzig, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jürgen Arnhold
- Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Härtelstraße 16 – 18, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
- Translational Centre for Regenerative Medicine (TRM) Leipzig, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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Abstract
The cysteine (Cys) proteome is a major component of the adaptive interface between the genome and the exposome. The thiol moiety of Cys undergoes a range of biologic modifications enabling biological switching of structure and reactivity. These biological modifications include sulfenylation and disulfide formation, formation of higher oxidation states, S-nitrosylation, persulfidation, metalation, and other modifications. Extensive knowledge about these systems and their compartmentalization now provides a foundation to develop advanced integrative models of Cys proteome regulation. In particular, detailed understanding of redox signaling pathways and sensing networks is becoming available to allow the discrimination of network structures. This research focuses attention on the need for atlases of Cys modifications to develop systems biology models. Such atlases will be especially useful for integrative studies linking the Cys proteome to imaging and other omics platforms, providing a basis for improved redox-based therapeutics. Thus, a framework is emerging to place the Cys proteome as a complement to the quantitative proteome in the omics continuum connecting the genome to the exposome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Mi Go
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Joshua D Chandler
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Dean P Jones
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
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Carroll L, Pattison DI, Fu S, Schiesser CH, Davies MJ, Hawkins CL. Reactivity of selenium-containing compounds with myeloperoxidase-derived chlorinating oxidants: Second-order rate constants and implications for biological damage. Free Radic Biol Med 2015; 84:279-288. [PMID: 25841785 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Revised: 03/13/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Hypochlorous acid (HOCl) and N-chloramines are produced by myeloperoxidase (MPO) as part of the immune response to destroy invading pathogens. However, MPO also plays a detrimental role in inflammatory pathologies, including atherosclerosis, as inappropriate production of oxidants, including HOCl and N-chloramines, causes damage to host tissue. Low molecular mass thiol compounds, including glutathione (GSH) and methionine (Met), have demonstrated efficacy in scavenging MPO-derived oxidants, which prevents oxidative damage in vitro and ex vivo. Selenium species typically have greater reactivity toward oxidants compared to the analogous sulfur compounds, and are known to be efficient scavengers of HOCl and other hypohalous acids produced by MPO. In this study, we examined the efficacy of a number of sulfur and selenium compounds to scavenge a range of biologically relevant N-chloramines and oxidants produced by both isolated MPO and activated neutrophils and characterized the resulting selenium-derived oxidation products in each case. A dose-dependent decrease in the concentration of each N-chloramine was observed on addition of the sulfur compounds (cysteine, methionine) and selenium compounds (selenomethionine, methylselenocysteine, 1,4-anhydro-4-seleno-L-talitol, 1,5-anhydro-5-selenogulitol) studied. In general, selenomethionine was the most reactive with N-chloramines (k2 0.8-3.4×10(3)M(-1) s(-1)) with 1,5-anhydro-5-selenogulitol and 1,4-anhydro-4-seleno-L-talitol (k2 1.1-6.8×10(2)M(-1) s(-1)) showing lower reactivity. This resulted in the formation of the respective selenoxides as the primary oxidation products. The selenium compounds demonstrated greater ability to remove protein N-chloramines compared to the analogous sulfur compounds. These reactions may have implications for preventing cellular damage in vivo, particularly under chronic inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke Carroll
- The Heart Research Institute, 7 Eliza St, Newtown, NSW 2042, Australia; Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - David I Pattison
- The Heart Research Institute, 7 Eliza St, Newtown, NSW 2042, Australia; Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Shanlin Fu
- Centre for Forensic Science, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Carl H Schiesser
- School of Chemistry and Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Michael J Davies
- The Heart Research Institute, 7 Eliza St, Newtown, NSW 2042, Australia; Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
| | - Clare L Hawkins
- The Heart Research Institute, 7 Eliza St, Newtown, NSW 2042, Australia; Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
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Abstract
In an aerobic organism, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are an inevitable metabolic byproduct. Endogenously produced ROS have a significant role in physiological processes, but excess ROS can cause oxidative stress and can damage tissue. Cells possess elaborate mechanisms to regulate their internal redox status. The intracellular redox homeostasis plays an essential role in maintaining cellular function. However, moderate alterations in redox balance can accompany major transitions in a cell's life cycle. Because of the role of ROS in physiology and in pathology, researchers need new tools to study redox chemistry in biological systems.In recent years, researchers have made remarkable progress in developing new, highly sensitive and selective fluorescent probes that respond to redox changes, and in this Account we highlight related research, primarily from our own group. We present an overview of the design, photophysical properties, and fluorescence transduction mechanisms of reported molecules that probe redox changes. We have designed and synthesized a series of fluorescent probes for redox cycles in biological systems relying on the active center of glutathione peroxidase (GPx). We have also constructed probes based on the oxidation and reduction of hydroquinone and of 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinooxy (TEMPO). Most of these probes exhibit high sensitivity and good selectivity, absorb in the near-infrared, and respond rapidly. Such probes are useful for confocal fluorescence microscopy, a dynamic imaging technique that could allow researchers to observe biologically important ROS and antioxidants in real time. This technique and these probes provide potentially useful tools for exploring the generation, transport, physiological function, and pathogenic mechanisms of ROS and antioxidants.We also describe features that could improve the properties of redox-responsive fluorescent probes: greater photostability; rapid, dynamic, cyclic and ratiometric responses; and broader absorption in the near-IR region. In addition, fluorescent probes that include organochalcogens such as selenium and tellurium show promise for a new class of fluorescent redox probes that are both chemically stable and robustly reversible. However, further investigations of the chemical and fluorescence transduction mechanisms of selenium-based probes in response to ROS are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangrong Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular
Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, P. R. China
| | - Peng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular
Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, P. R. China
| | - Keli Han
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular
Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, P. R. China
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Nedoboy PE, Morgan PE, Mocatta TJ, Richards AM, Winterbourn CC, Davies MJ. High plasma thiocyanate levels are associated with enhanced myeloperoxidase-induced thiol oxidation and long-term survival in subjects following a first myocardial infarction. Free Radic Res 2015; 48:1256-66. [PMID: 25050609 DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2014.947286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Elevated levels of myeloperoxidase (MPO) are associated with poor cardiovascular outcomes. MPO uses H2O2 to generate oxidants including HOCl and HOSCN, from chloride and thiocyanate (SCN(-)) ions, respectively. SCN(-) is the preferred substrate. Elevation of this anion decreases HOCl generation and increases HOSCN formation, a thiol-specific oxidant. Such changes are of potential relevance to people with elevated SCN(-) levels, such as smokers. In this retrospective study, we examined whether elevated plasma MPO and SCN(-) levels increased thiol oxidation as a result of increased HOSCN formation, and impacted on long-term survival in 176 subjects (74 non-smokers, 46 smokers, and 56 previous smokers) hospitalized after a first myocardial infarction. Plasma thiols were not significantly altered in smokers compared to non-smokers or past smokers. However, significant positive correlations were detected between SCN(-) levels and MPO-induced thiol loss in the total population (r = 0.19, P = 0.020) and smokers alone (r = 0.58, P < 0.0001). Twelve-year all-cause mortality data indicate that above median MPO is significantly associated with higher mortality, but below-median MPO and above-median SCN(-) results in increased survival, compared to below-median SCN(-). Cox proportional hazard analysis showed a significant decrease in mortality for each 1 μM increase in SCN(-) (0.991; P = 0.040). Subject age was, as expected, a strong predictor of subject survival. Overall these data suggest that subjects with below-median MPO and above-median SCN(-) have better long-term survival, and that elevated plasma levels of SCN(-) might be protective in at least some populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- P E Nedoboy
- The Heart Research Institute , Newtown, Sydney , Australia
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Carroll L, Davies MJ, Pattison DI. Reaction of low-molecular-mass organoselenium compounds (and their sulphur analogues) with inflammation-associated oxidants. Free Radic Res 2015; 49:750-67. [PMID: 25854915 DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2015.1018247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Selenium is an essential trace element in mammals, with the majority specifically encoded as seleno-L-cysteine into a range of selenoproteins. Many of these proteins play a key role in modulating oxidative stress, via either direct detoxification of biological oxidants, or repair of oxidised residues. Both selenium- and sulphur-containing residues react readily with the wide range of oxidants (including hydrogen peroxide, radicals, singlet oxygen and hypochlorous, hypobromous, hypothiocyanous and peroxynitrous acids) that are produced during inflammation and have been implicated in the development of a range of inflammatory diseases. Whilst selenium has similar properties to sulphur, it typically exhibits greater reactivity with most oxidants, and there are considerable differences in the subsequent reactivity and ease of repair of the oxidised species that are formed. This review discusses the chemistry of low-molecular-mass organoselenium compounds (e.g. selenoethers, diselenides and selenols) with inflammatory oxidants, with a particular focus on the reaction kinetics and product studies, with the differences in reactivity between selenium and sulphur analogues described in the selected examples. These data provide insight into the therapeutic potential of low-molecular-mass selenium-containing compounds to modulate the activity of both radical and molecular oxidants and provide protection against inflammation-induced damage. Progress in their therapeutic development (including modulation of potential selenium toxicity by strategic design) is demonstrated by a brief summary of some recent studies where novel organoselenium compounds have been used as wound healing or radioprotection agents and in the prevention of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Carroll
- The Heart Research Institute , Newtown, Sydney , Australia
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Mertens K, Lowes DA, Webster NR, Talib J, Hall L, Davies MJ, Beattie JH, Galley HF. Low zinc and selenium concentrations in sepsis are associated with oxidative damage and inflammation. Br J Anaesth 2015; 114:990-9. [PMID: 25833826 DOI: 10.1093/bja/aev073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress with dysregulated inflammation are hallmarks of sepsis. Zinc and selenium have important antioxidant functions, such that they could be important in patients with sepsis. We used an in vitro approach to assess the effect of zinc and selenium on oxidative stress, mitochondrial function, and inflammatory responses in conditions mimicking sepsis and related the findings to plasma concentrations and biomarkers in patients with and without sepsis. METHODS Human endothelial cells were exposed to a range of zinc and selenium concentrations in conditions mimicking sepsis. Zinc, selenium, and a series of biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation were measured in plasma from critically ill patients with and without sepsis. RESULTS Culturing cells with different concentrations of zinc caused altered zinc transporter protein expression and cellular zinc content, and selenium affected glutathione peroxidase 3 activity. Although zinc or selenium at physiological concentrations had no effect on interleukin-6 release in vitro, higher concentrations of the trace elements were associated with improved mitochondrial function. Plasma zinc and selenium concentrations were low in patients [zinc: median (range) 4.6 (2.1-6.5) μM in control patients without sepsis and 3.1 (1.5-5.4) μM in patients with sepsis, P=0.002; and selenium: 0.78 (0.19-1.32) μM in control patients and 0.42 (0.22-0.91) μM in sepsis patients, P=0.0009]. Plasma concentrations of interleukin-6, other biomarkers of inflammation, and markers of oxidative damage to proteins and lipids were elevated, particularly in patients with sepsis, and were inversely related to plasma zinc and selenium concentrations. CONCLUSIONS Zinc and selenium concentrations were reduced in critically ill patients, with increased oxidative stress and inflammatory biomarkers, particularly in patients with sepsis. Oxidative stress as a result of suboptimal selenium and zinc concentrations might contribute to damage of key proteins. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov: registration number NCT01328509.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Mertens
- Academic Unit of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, School of Medicine & Dentistry and
| | - D A Lowes
- Academic Unit of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, School of Medicine & Dentistry and
| | - N R Webster
- Academic Unit of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, School of Medicine & Dentistry and
| | - J Talib
- The Heart Research Institute and Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - L Hall
- The Heart Research Institute and Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - M J Davies
- The Heart Research Institute and Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia Present address: Panum Institute, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, Copenhagen N DK-2200, Denmark
| | - J H Beattie
- Rowett Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - H F Galley
- Academic Unit of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, School of Medicine & Dentistry and
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Flemmig J, Remmler J, Zschaler J, Arnhold J. Detection of the halogenating activity of heme peroxidases in leukocytes by aminophenyl fluorescein. Free Radic Res 2015; 49:768-76. [PMID: 25536418 DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2014.999676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The formation of hypochlorous and hypobromous acids by heme peroxidases is a key property of certain immune cells. These products are not only involved in defense against pathogenic microorganisms and in regulation of inflammatory processes, but contribute also to tissue damage in certain pathologies. After a short introduction about experimental approaches for the assessment of the halogenating activity in vitro and in cell suspensions, we are focusing on novel applications of fluorescent dye systems to detect the formation of hypochlorous acid (HOCl) in leukocytes. Special attention is directed to properties and applications of the non-fluorescent dye aminophenyl fluorescein that is converted by HOCl, HOBr, and other strong oxidants to fluorescein. This dye allows the detection of the halogenating activity in samples containing free myeloperoxidase and eosinophil peroxidase as well as in intact granulocytes using fluorescence spectroscopy and flow cytometry, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Flemmig
- Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Leipzig , Leipzig , Germany
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Chandler JD, Day BJ. Biochemical mechanisms and therapeutic potential of pseudohalide thiocyanate in human health. Free Radic Res 2015; 49:695-710. [PMID: 25564094 DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2014.1003372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Thiocyanate (SCN(-)) is a ubiquitous molecule in mammalian biology, reaching up to mM concentrations in extracellular fluids. Two- electron oxidation of SCN(-) by H2O2 produces hypothiocyanous acid (HOSCN), a potent anti-microbial species. This reaction is catalyzed by chordate peroxidases (e.g., myeloperoxidase and lactoperoxidase), occurring in human secretory mucosa, including the oral cavity, airway, and alimentary tract, and regulates resident and transient flora as part of innate immunity. Increasing SCN(-) levels limits the concentrations of a family of 2-electron oxidants (H2O2, hypohalous acids, and haloamines) in favor of HOSCN formation, altering the oxidative impact on host tissue by substitution of repairable thiol and selenol oxidations instead of biomolecule degradation. This fine-tuning of inflammatory oxidation paradoxically associates with maintained host defense and decreased host injury during infections, due in part to phylogenetic differences in the thioredoxin reductase system between mammals and their pathogens. These differences could be exploited by pharmacologic use of SCN(-). Recent preclinical studies have identified anti-microbial and anti-inflammatory effects of SCN(-) in pulmonary and cardiovascular animal models, with implications for treatment of infectious lung disease and atherogenesis. Further research is merited to expand on these findings and identify other diseases where SCN(-) may be of use. High oral bioavailability and an increased knowledge of the biochemical effects of SCN(-) on a subset of pro-inflammatory reactions suggest clinical utility.
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