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Ma S, Wang Y, Ji X, Dong S, Wang S, Zhang S, Deng F, Chen J, Lin B, Khan BA, Liu W, Hou K. Relationship between gut microbiota and the pathogenesis of gestational diabetes mellitus: a systematic review. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1364545. [PMID: 38868299 PMCID: PMC11168118 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1364545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a form of gestational diabetes mellitus characterized by insulin resistance and abnormal function of pancreatic beta cells. In recent years, genomic association studies have revealed risk and susceptibility genes associated with genetic susceptibility to GDM. However, genetic predisposition cannot explain the rising global incidence of GDM, which may be related to the increased influence of environmental factors, especially the gut microbiome. Studies have shown that gut microbiota is closely related to the occurrence and development of GDM. This paper reviews the relationship between gut microbiota and the pathological mechanism of GDM, in order to better understand the role of gut microbiota in GDM, and to provide a theoretical basis for clinical application of gut microbiota in the treatment of related diseases. Methods The current research results on the interaction between GDM and gut microbiota were collected and analyzed through literature review. Keywords such as "GDM", "gut microbiota" and "insulin resistance" were used for literature search, and the methodology, findings and potential impact on the pathophysiology of GDM were systematically evaluated. Results It was found that the composition and diversity of gut microbiota were significantly associated with the occurrence and development of GDM. Specifically, the abundance of certain gut bacteria is associated with an increased risk of GDM, while other changes in the microbiome may be associated with improved insulin sensitivity. In addition, alterations in the gut microbiota may affect blood glucose control through a variety of mechanisms, including the production of short-chain fatty acids, activation of inflammatory pathways, and metabolism of the B vitamin group. Discussion The results of this paper highlight the importance of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of GDM. The regulation of the gut microbiota may provide new directions for the treatment of GDM, including improving insulin sensitivity and blood sugar control through the use of probiotics and prebiotics. However, more research is needed to confirm the generality and exact mechanisms of these findings and to explore potential clinical applications of the gut microbiota in the management of gestational diabetes. In addition, future studies should consider the interaction between environmental and genetic factors and how together they affect the risk of GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Ma
- Anhui Province Maternity & Child Health Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yuping Wang
- School of Nursing, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaoxia Ji
- Nursing Department, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Sunjuan Dong
- School of Nursing, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Shengnan Wang
- School of Nursing, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Feiying Deng
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jingxian Chen
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Benwei Lin
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Barkat Ali Khan
- Drug Delivery and Cosmetic Lab (DDCL), Gomal Center of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan
| | - Weiting Liu
- School of Nursing, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Kaijian Hou
- School of Nursing, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
- School of Public Health, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, China
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2
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Zhu X, Zhang C, Feng S, He R, Zhang S. Intestinal microbiota regulates the gut-thyroid axis: the new dawn of improving Hashimoto thyroiditis. Clin Exp Med 2024; 24:39. [PMID: 38386169 PMCID: PMC10884059 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-024-01304-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Intestinal microbiota plays an indispensable role in the host's innate immune system, which may be related to the occurrence of many autoimmune diseases. Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) is one of the most common autoimmune diseases, and there is plenty of evidence indicating that HT may be related to genetics and environmental triggers, but the specific mechanism has not been proven clearly. Significantly, the composition and abundance of intestinal microbiota in patients with HT have an obvious difference. This phenomenon led us to think about whether intestinal microbiota can affect the progress of HT through some mechanisms. By summarizing the potential mechanism of intestinal microflora in regulating Hashimoto thyroiditis, this article explores the possibility of improving HT by regulating intestinal microbiota and summarizes relevant biomarkers as therapeutic targets, which provide new ideas for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of Hashimoto thyroiditis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaxin Zhu
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, People's Republic of China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuyan Feng
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruonan He
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (The Xin Hua Hospital of Zhejiang Province), No. 318 Chaowang Road, Hangzhou, 310005, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
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3
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Liu S, Li F, Cai Y, Ren L, Sun L, Gang X, Wang G. Bacteroidaceae, Bacteroides, and Veillonella: emerging protectors against Graves' disease. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1288222. [PMID: 38404289 PMCID: PMC10884117 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1288222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Graves' disease (GD) is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism, and its pathogenesis remains incompletely elucidated. Numerous studies have implicated the gut microbiota in the development of thyroid disorders. This study employs Mendelian randomization analysis to investigate the characteristics of gut microbiota in GD patients, aiming to offer novel insights into the etiology and treatment of Graves' disease. Methods Two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was employed to assess the causal relationship between Graves' disease and the gut microbiota composition. Gut microbiota data were sourced from the international consortium MiBioGen, while Graves' disease data were obtained from FINNGEN. Eligible single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were selected as instrumental variables. Multiple analysis methods, including inverse variance-weighted (IVW), MR-Egger regression, weighted median, weighted mode, and MR-RAPS, were utilized. Sensitivity analyses were conducted employing MR-Egger intercept test, Cochran's Q test, and leave-one-out analysis as quality control measures. Results The Mendelian randomization study conducted in a European population revealed a decreased risk of Graves' disease associated with Bacteroidaceae (Odds ratio (OR) [95% confidence interval (CI)]: 0.89 [0.89 ~ 0.90], adjusted P value: <0.001), Bacteroides (OR: [95% CI]: 0.555 [0.437 ~ 0.706], adjusted P value: <0.001), and Veillonella (OR [95% CI]: 0.632 [0.492 ~ 0.811], adjusted P value: 0.016). No significant evidence of heterogeneity, or horizontal pleiotropy was detected. Furthermore, the preliminary MR analysis identified 13 bacterial species including Eubacterium brachy group and Family XIII AD3011 group, exhibiting significant associations with Graves' disease onset, suggesting potential causal effects. Conclusion A causal relationship exists between gut microbiota and Graves' disease. Bacteroidaceae, Bacteroides, and Veillonella emerge as protective factors against Graves' disease development. Prospective probiotic supplementation may offer a novel avenue for adjunctive treatment in the management of Graves' disease in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin, Changchun, China
| | - Fan Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin, Changchun, China
| | - Yunjia Cai
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin, Changchun, China
| | - Linan Ren
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin, Changchun, China
| | - Lin Sun
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaokun Gang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin, Changchun, China
| | - Guixia Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin, Changchun, China
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Virili C, Stramazzo I, Bagaglini MF, Carretti AL, Capriello S, Romanelli F, Trimboli P, Centanni M. The relationship between thyroid and human-associated microbiota: A systematic review of reviews. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2024; 25:215-237. [PMID: 37824030 PMCID: PMC10808578 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-023-09839-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, a growing number of studies have examined the relationship between thyroid pathophysiology and intestinal microbiota composition. The reciprocal influence between these two entities has been proven so extensive that some authors coined the term "gut-thyroid axis". However, since some papers reported conflicting results, several aspects of this correlation need to be clarified. This systematic review was conceived to achieve more robust information about: 1)the characteristics of gut microbiota composition in patients with the more common morphological, functional and autoimmune disorders of the thyroid; 2)the influence of gut microbial composition on micronutrients that are essential for the maintenance of thyroid homeostasis; 3)the effect of probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics, some of the most popular over-the-counter products, on thyroid balance; 4)the opportunity to use specific dietary advice. The literature evaluation was made by three authors independently. A five steps strategy was a priori adopted. After duplicates removal, 1106 records were initially found and 38 reviews were finally included in the analysis. The systematic reviews of reviews found that: 1) some significant variations characterize the gut microbiota composition in patients with thyroid disorders. However, geographical clustering of most of the studies prevents drawing definitive conclusions on this topic; 2) the available knowledge about the effect of probiotics and synbiotics are not strong enough to suggest the routine use of these compounds in patients with thyroid disorders; 3) specific elimination nutrition should not be routine suggested to patients, which, instead have to be checked for possible micronutrients and vitamins deficiency, often owed to gastrointestinal autoimmune comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Virili
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza" University of Rome, Corso Della Repubblica 79, Latina, Italy.
- Endocrinology Unit, Santa Maria Goretti Hospital, Latina, Italy.
| | | | - Maria Flavia Bagaglini
- Endocrinology Unit, Santa Maria Goretti Hospital, Latina, Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Lucia Carretti
- Endocrinology Unit, Santa Maria Goretti Hospital, Latina, Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Romanelli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Pierpaolo Trimboli
- Clinic for Endocrinology and Diabetology, Lugano Regional Hospital, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Lugano, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università Della Svizzera Italiana (USI), Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Marco Centanni
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza" University of Rome, Corso Della Repubblica 79, Latina, Italy
- Endocrinology Unit, Santa Maria Goretti Hospital, Latina, Italy
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Sun F, Yang CL, Wang FX, Rong SJ, Luo JH, Lu WY, Yue TT, Wang CY, Liu SW. Pancreatic draining lymph nodes (PLNs) serve as a pathogenic hub contributing to the development of type 1 diabetes. Cell Biosci 2023; 13:156. [PMID: 37641145 PMCID: PMC10464122 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-023-01110-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic, progressive autoinflammatory disorder resulting from the breakdown of self-tolerance and unrestrained β cell-reactive immune response. Activation of immune cells is initiated in islet and amplified in lymphoid tissues, especially those pancreatic draining lymph nodes (PLNs). The knowledge of PLNs as the hub of aberrant immune response is continuously being replenished and renewed. Here we provide a PLN-centered view of T1D pathogenesis and emphasize that PLNs integrate signal inputs from the pancreas, gut, viral infection or peripheral circulation, undergo immune remodeling within the local microenvironment and export effector cell components into pancreas to affect T1D progression. In accordance, we suggest that T1D intervention can be implemented by three major ways: cutting off the signal inputs into PLNs (reduce inflammatory β cell damage, enhance gut integrity and control pathogenic viral infections), modulating the immune activation status of PLNs and blocking the outputs of PLNs towards pancreatic islets. Given the dynamic and complex nature of T1D etiology, the corresponding intervention strategy is thus required to be comprehensive to ensure optimal therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Sun
- Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Science, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Center for Biomedical Research, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chun-Liang Yang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Center for Biomedical Research, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fa-Xi Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Center for Biomedical Research, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shan-Jie Rong
- NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Center for Biomedical Research, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jia-Hui Luo
- NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Center for Biomedical Research, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wan-Ying Lu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Center for Biomedical Research, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tian-Tian Yue
- Devision of Nutrition, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Cong-Yi Wang
- Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Science, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.
- NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Center for Biomedical Research, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Shi-Wei Liu
- Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Science, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.
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6
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Wang J, Liu S, Xie Y, Xu C. Association analysis of gut microbiota-metabolites-neuroendocrine changes in male rats acute exposure to simulated altitude of 5500 m. Sci Rep 2023; 13:9225. [PMID: 37286697 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35573-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperactivation of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis were found in acute high altitude challenge, but the role of gut microbiota and metabolites is unknown. We utilized adult male Sprague-Dawley rats at a simulated altitude of 5500 m for 3 days in a hypobaric-hypoxic chamber. ELISA and metabolomic analyses of serum and 16S rRNA and metabolomic analyses of fecal samples were then performed. Compared with the normoxic group, serum corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), corticosterone (CORT), and thyroxine (tT4) were increased in the hypoxia group, whereas thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) was decreased. Bacteroides, Lactobacillus, Parabacteroides, Butyricimonas, SMB53, Akkermansia, Phascolarctobacterium, and Aerococcus were enriched in hypoxia group, whereas [Prevotella], Prevotella, Kaistobacter, Salinibacterium, and Vogesella were enriched in normoxic group. Metabolomic analysis indicated that acute hypoxia significantly affected fecal and serum lipid metabolism. In addition, we found five fecal metabolites may mediate the cross-talk between TRH, tT4, and CORT with [Prevotella], Kaistobacter, Parabacteroides, and Aerococcus, and 6 serum metabolites may mediate the effect of TRH and tT4 on [Prevotella] and Kaistobacter by causal mediation analysis. In conclusion, this study provides new evidence that key metabolites mediate the cross-talk between gut microbiota with HPA and HPT axis under acute hypobaric hypoxia challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianan Wang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Shiying Liu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Yalei Xie
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Chengli Xu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China.
- Center of Environmental and Health Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100005, China.
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7
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Liang L, Saunders C, Sanossian N. Food, gut barrier dysfunction, and related diseases: A new target for future individualized disease prevention and management. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:1671-1704. [PMID: 37051344 PMCID: PMC10084985 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysfunction of gut barrier is known as "leaky gut" or increased intestinal permeability. Numerous recent scientific evidences showed the association between gut dysfunction and multiple gastrointestinal tract (GI) and non-GI diseases. Research also demonstrated that food plays a crucial role to cause or remedy gut dysfunction related to diseases. We reviewed recent articles from electronic databases, mainly PubMed. The data were based on animal models, cell models, and human research in vivo and in vitro models. In this comprehensive review, our aim focused on the relationship between dietary factors, intestinal permeability dysfunction, and related diseases. This review synthesizes currently available literature and is discussed in three parts: (a) the mechanism of gut barrier and function, (b) food and dietary supplements that may promote gut health, and food or medication that may alter gut function, and (c) a table that organizes the synthesized information by general mechanisms for diseases related to leaky gut/intestinal permeability and associated dietary influences. With future research, dietary intervention could be a new target for individualized disease prevention and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Liang
- University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | | | - Nerses Sanossian
- Department of NeurologyMedical School of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
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8
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Romano KA, Nemet I, Prasad Saha P, Haghikia A, Li XS, Mohan ML, Lovano B, Castel L, Witkowski M, Buffa JA, Sun Y, Li L, Menge CM, Demuth I, König M, Steinhagen-Thiessen E, DiDonato JA, Deb A, Bäckhed F, Tang WHW, Naga Prasad SV, Landmesser U, Van Wagoner DR, Hazen SL. Gut Microbiota-Generated Phenylacetylglutamine and Heart Failure. Circ Heart Fail 2023; 16:e009972. [PMID: 36524472 PMCID: PMC9851997 DOI: 10.1161/circheartfailure.122.009972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The gut microbiota-dependent metabolite phenylacetylgutamine (PAGln) is both associated with atherothrombotic heart disease in humans, and mechanistically linked to cardiovascular disease pathogenesis in animal models via modulation of adrenergic receptor signaling. METHODS Here we examined both clinical and mechanistic relationships between PAGln and heart failure (HF). First, we examined associations among plasma levels of PAGln and HF, left ventricular ejection fraction, and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide in 2 independent clinical cohorts of subjects undergoing coronary angiography in tertiary referral centers (an initial discovery US Cohort, n=3256; and a validation European Cohort, n=829). Then, the impact of PAGln on cardiovascular phenotypes relevant to HF in cultured cardiomyoblasts, and in vivo were also examined. RESULTS Circulating PAGln levels were dose-dependently associated with HF presence and indices of severity (reduced ventricular ejection fraction, elevated N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide) independent of traditional risk factors and renal function in both cohorts. Beyond these clinical associations, mechanistic studies showed both PAGln and its murine counterpart, phenylacetylglycine, directly fostered HF-relevant phenotypes, including decreased cardiomyocyte sarcomere contraction, and B-type natriuretic peptide gene expression in both cultured cardiomyoblasts and murine atrial tissue. CONCLUSIONS The present study reveals the gut microbial metabolite PAGln is clinically and mechanistically linked to HF presence and severity. Modulating the gut microbiome, in general, and PAGln production, in particular, may represent a potential therapeutic target for modulating HF. REGISTRATION URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov/; Unique identifier: NCT00590200 and URL: https://drks.de/drks_web/; Unique identifier: DRKS00020915.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kymberleigh A Romano
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH (K.A.R., I.N., P.P.S., A.H., X.S.L., M.L.M., B.L., L.C., M.W., J.A.B., Y.S., L.L., C.M.M., J.A.D., W.H.W.T., S.V.N.P., D.R.V.W., S.L.H.)
| | - Ina Nemet
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH (K.A.R., I.N., P.P.S., A.H., X.S.L., M.L.M., B.L., L.C., M.W., J.A.B., Y.S., L.L., C.M.M., J.A.D., W.H.W.T., S.V.N.P., D.R.V.W., S.L.H.)
| | - Prasenjit Prasad Saha
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH (K.A.R., I.N., P.P.S., A.H., X.S.L., M.L.M., B.L., L.C., M.W., J.A.B., Y.S., L.L., C.M.M., J.A.D., W.H.W.T., S.V.N.P., D.R.V.W., S.L.H.)
| | - Arash Haghikia
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH (K.A.R., I.N., P.P.S., A.H., X.S.L., M.L.M., B.L., L.C., M.W., J.A.B., Y.S., L.L., C.M.M., J.A.D., W.H.W.T., S.V.N.P., D.R.V.W., S.L.H.)
- Department of Cardiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Berlin, Germany; and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany (A.H., U.L.)
| | - Xinmin S Li
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH (K.A.R., I.N., P.P.S., A.H., X.S.L., M.L.M., B.L., L.C., M.W., J.A.B., Y.S., L.L., C.M.M., J.A.D., W.H.W.T., S.V.N.P., D.R.V.W., S.L.H.)
| | - Maradumane L Mohan
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH (K.A.R., I.N., P.P.S., A.H., X.S.L., M.L.M., B.L., L.C., M.W., J.A.B., Y.S., L.L., C.M.M., J.A.D., W.H.W.T., S.V.N.P., D.R.V.W., S.L.H.)
| | - Beth Lovano
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH (K.A.R., I.N., P.P.S., A.H., X.S.L., M.L.M., B.L., L.C., M.W., J.A.B., Y.S., L.L., C.M.M., J.A.D., W.H.W.T., S.V.N.P., D.R.V.W., S.L.H.)
| | - Laurie Castel
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH (K.A.R., I.N., P.P.S., A.H., X.S.L., M.L.M., B.L., L.C., M.W., J.A.B., Y.S., L.L., C.M.M., J.A.D., W.H.W.T., S.V.N.P., D.R.V.W., S.L.H.)
| | - Marco Witkowski
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH (K.A.R., I.N., P.P.S., A.H., X.S.L., M.L.M., B.L., L.C., M.W., J.A.B., Y.S., L.L., C.M.M., J.A.D., W.H.W.T., S.V.N.P., D.R.V.W., S.L.H.)
| | - Jennifer A Buffa
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH (K.A.R., I.N., P.P.S., A.H., X.S.L., M.L.M., B.L., L.C., M.W., J.A.B., Y.S., L.L., C.M.M., J.A.D., W.H.W.T., S.V.N.P., D.R.V.W., S.L.H.)
| | - Yu Sun
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH (K.A.R., I.N., P.P.S., A.H., X.S.L., M.L.M., B.L., L.C., M.W., J.A.B., Y.S., L.L., C.M.M., J.A.D., W.H.W.T., S.V.N.P., D.R.V.W., S.L.H.)
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH (K.A.R., I.N., P.P.S., A.H., X.S.L., M.L.M., B.L., L.C., M.W., J.A.B., Y.S., L.L., C.M.M., J.A.D., W.H.W.T., S.V.N.P., D.R.V.W., S.L.H.)
| | - Christopher M Menge
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH (K.A.R., I.N., P.P.S., A.H., X.S.L., M.L.M., B.L., L.C., M.W., J.A.B., Y.S., L.L., C.M.M., J.A.D., W.H.W.T., S.V.N.P., D.R.V.W., S.L.H.)
| | - Ilja Demuth
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz, Germany (I.D., M.K., E.S.-T.)
- Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies, Germany (I.D.)
| | - Maximilian König
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz, Germany (I.D., M.K., E.S.-T.)
| | - Elisabeth Steinhagen-Thiessen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz, Germany (I.D., M.K., E.S.-T.)
| | - Joseph A DiDonato
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH (K.A.R., I.N., P.P.S., A.H., X.S.L., M.L.M., B.L., L.C., M.W., J.A.B., Y.S., L.L., C.M.M., J.A.D., W.H.W.T., S.V.N.P., D.R.V.W., S.L.H.)
| | - Arjun Deb
- Division of Cardiology and Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles (A.D.)
| | - Fredrik Bäckhed
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Wallenberg Laboratory, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Sweden (F.B.)
| | - W H Wilson Tang
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH (K.A.R., I.N., P.P.S., A.H., X.S.L., M.L.M., B.L., L.C., M.W., J.A.B., Y.S., L.L., C.M.M., J.A.D., W.H.W.T., S.V.N.P., D.R.V.W., S.L.H.)
- Heart, Vascular and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH (W.H.W.T., S.L.H.)
| | - Sathyamangla Venkata Naga Prasad
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH (K.A.R., I.N., P.P.S., A.H., X.S.L., M.L.M., B.L., L.C., M.W., J.A.B., Y.S., L.L., C.M.M., J.A.D., W.H.W.T., S.V.N.P., D.R.V.W., S.L.H.)
| | - Ulf Landmesser
- Department of Cardiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Berlin, Germany; and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany (A.H., U.L.)
| | - David R Van Wagoner
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH (K.A.R., I.N., P.P.S., A.H., X.S.L., M.L.M., B.L., L.C., M.W., J.A.B., Y.S., L.L., C.M.M., J.A.D., W.H.W.T., S.V.N.P., D.R.V.W., S.L.H.)
| | - Stanley L Hazen
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH (K.A.R., I.N., P.P.S., A.H., X.S.L., M.L.M., B.L., L.C., M.W., J.A.B., Y.S., L.L., C.M.M., J.A.D., W.H.W.T., S.V.N.P., D.R.V.W., S.L.H.)
- Heart, Vascular and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH (W.H.W.T., S.L.H.)
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9
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Rampanelli E, Nieuwdorp M. Gut microbiome in type 1 diabetes: the immunological perspective. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2023; 19:93-109. [PMID: 36401835 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2023.2150612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a prevalent, and yet uncurable, autoimmune disease targeting insulin-producing pancreatic β-cells. Despite a known genetic component in T1D onset, genetics alone cannot explain the alarming worldwide rise in T1D incidence, which is attributed to a growing impact of environmental factors, including perturbations of the gut microbiome. AREAS COVERED Intestinal commensal bacteria plays a crucial role in host physiology in health and disease by regulating endocrine and immune functions. An aberrant gut microbiome structure and metabolic function have been documented prior and during T1D onset. In this review, we summarize and discuss the current studies depicting the taxonomic profile and role of the gut microbial communities in murine models of T1D, diabetic patients and human interventional trials. EXPERT OPINION Compelling evidence have shown that the intestinal microbiota is instrumental in driving differentiation and functions of immune cells. Therefore, any alterations in the intestinal microbiome composition or microbial metabolite production, particularly early in life, may impact disease susceptibility and amplify inflammatory responses and hence accelerate the course of T1D pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Rampanelli
- Department of Experimental Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity (AII), Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology and Metabolism (AGEM) Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS) Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Max Nieuwdorp
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology and Metabolism (AGEM) Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS) Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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10
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Pereira MDL, Levy M, Nissapatorn V, de Oliveira GLV. Editorial: Women in microbiome in health and disease 2021. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:1054190. [PMID: 36304933 PMCID: PMC9593082 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.1054190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Maria de Lourdes Pereira
- Centre for Research in Ceramics and Composite Materials (CICECO) - Aveiro Institute of Materials & Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Maayan Levy
- Microbiology Department, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Veeranoot Nissapatorn
- School of Allied Health Sciences and World Union for Herbal Drug Discovery [WUHeDD], Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
- *Correspondence: Gislane Lelis Vilela de Oliveira, ; Veeranoot Nissapatorn,
| | - Gislane Lelis Vilela de Oliveira
- Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences (IBILCE), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Sao Jose do Rio Preto, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Gislane Lelis Vilela de Oliveira, ; Veeranoot Nissapatorn,
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11
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Microbial Tryptophan Metabolism Tunes Host Immunity, Metabolism, and Extraintestinal Disorders. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12090834. [PMID: 36144238 PMCID: PMC9505266 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12090834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The trillions of commensal microorganisms comprising the gut microbiota have received growing attention owing to their impact on host physiology. Recent advances in our understandings of the host–microbiota crosstalk support a pivotal role of microbiota-derived metabolites in various physiological processes, as they serve as messengers in the complex dialogue between commensals and host immune and endocrine cells. In this review, we highlight the importance of tryptophan-derived metabolites in host physiology, and summarize the recent findings on the role of tryptophan catabolites in preserving intestinal homeostasis and fine-tuning immune and metabolic responses. Furthermore, we discuss the latest evidence on the effects of microbial tryptophan catabolites, describe their mechanisms of action, and discuss how perturbations of microbial tryptophan metabolism may affect the course of intestinal and extraintestinal disorders, including inflammatory bowel diseases, metabolic disorders, chronic kidney diseases, and cardiovascular diseases.
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12
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Impact of the Gastrointestinal Tract Microbiota on Cardiovascular Health and Pathophysiology. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2022; 80:13-30. [PMID: 35384898 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000001273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT The microbiota of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) is an extremely diverse community of microorganisms, and their collective genomes (microbiome) provide a vast arsenal of biological activities, in particular enzymatic ones, which are far from being fully elucidated. The study of the microbiota (and the microbiome) is receiving great interest from the biomedical community as it carries the potential to improve risk-prediction models, refine primary and secondary prevention efforts, and also design more appropriate and personalized therapies, including pharmacological ones. A growing body of evidence, though sometimes impaired by the limited number of subjects involved in the studies, suggests that GIT dysbiosis, i.e. the altered microbial composition, has an important role in causing and/or worsening cardiovascular disease (CVD). Bacterial translocation as well as the alteration of levels of microbe-derived metabolites can thus be important to monitor and modulate, because they may lead to initiation and progression of CVD, as well as to its establishment as chronic state. We hereby aim to provide readers with details on available resources and experimental approaches that are used in this fascinating field of biomedical research, and on some novelties on the impact of GIT microbiota on CVD.
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13
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Xu Y, Zhong F, Zheng X, Lai HY, Wu C, Huang C. Disparity of Gut Microbiota Composition Among Elite Athletes and Young Adults With Different Physical Activity Independent of Dietary Status: A Matching Study. Front Nutr 2022; 9:843076. [PMID: 35369075 PMCID: PMC8975590 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.843076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the disparity of gut microbiota among elite athletes and young adults with different physical activity independent of dietary status.MethodsIn Hangzhou, China, an age and sex matching study was conducted between April and May 2021. A total of 66 Chinese young adults were recruited in this study and divided into an elite athlete group, physically active group, and physically inactive group. Fecal samples were collected to assess gut microbiota composition. Dietary status was measured using a food-frequency questionnaire. Comparisons in gut microbiota and blood biomarkers among three groups were analyzed by using the analysis of covariance.ResultsThe findings depicted a tendency to form clusters for beta diversity among three groups, while no significant difference was observed in both alpha and beta diversity. In the multiple analysis model, by adjusting dietary status, a significantly higher abundance of Clostridiaceae (p = 0.029) and Megamonas_rupellensis (p = 0.087) was observed in elite athletes compared to that in general young adults. Furthermore, inflammation-related bacteria such as Bilophila (p = 0.011) and Faecalicoccus (p = 0.050) were enriched in physically inactive young adults compared to two other groups. Pearson's correlation analysis showed a positive association between Bilophila and circulating white body cell count (r = 0.332, p = 0.006) and its subtypes including neutrophils (r = 0.273, p = 0.027), and lymphocytes (r = 0.327, p = 0.007). Megamonas_rupellensis has been shown associated positively with serum lymphocytes levels (r = 0.268, p = 0.03). Although no significant differences were observed, the elite athletes tended to have lower levels of blood biomarkers of immunity within a normal range, which may reflect a better immune function.ConclusionThis matching study indicated that physically inactive young adults are more likely to have a lower immune function and a higher abundance of pro-inflammatory gut bacteria than elite athletes and physically active young adults. Dietary status should be considered as an important factor that may affect the association of physical activity with immune function and gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjin Xu
- Department of Sports and Exercise Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fei Zhong
- Department of Sports and Exercise Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqian Zheng
- Department of Sports and Exercise Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hsin-Yi Lai
- Department of Neurology and Research Center of Neurology in Second Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Zhejiang Province, Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Neurology of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chunchun Wu
- Department of Sports and Exercise Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cong Huang
- Department of Sports and Exercise Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
- *Correspondence: Cong Huang
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14
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Giambò F, Costa C, Teodoro M, Fenga C. Role-Playing Between Environmental Pollutants and Human Gut Microbiota: A Complex Bidirectional Interaction. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:810397. [PMID: 35252248 PMCID: PMC8888443 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.810397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a growing interest in the characterization of the involvement of toxicant and pollutant exposures in the development and the progression of several diseases such as obesity, diabetes, cancer, as well as in the disruption of the immune and reproductive homeostasis. The gut microbiota is considered a pivotal player against the toxic properties of chemicals with the establishment of a dynamic bidirectional relationship, underlining the toxicological significance of this mutual interplay. In fact, several environmental chemicals have been demonstrated to affect the composition, the biodiversity of the intestinal microbiota together with the underlining modulated metabolic pathways, which may play an important role in tailoring the microbiotype of an individual. In this review, we aimed to discuss the latest updates concerning the environmental chemicals–microbiota dual interaction, toward the identification of a distinctiveness of the gut microbial community, which, in turn, may allow to adopt personalized preventive strategies to improve risk assessment for more susceptible workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Giambò
- Occupational Medicine Section, Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Chiara Costa
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine Department, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Michele Teodoro
- Occupational Medicine Section, Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Concettina Fenga
- Occupational Medicine Section, Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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15
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Li P, Liu F, Zhao M, Xu S, Li P, Cao J, Tian D, Tan Y, Zheng L, Cao X, Pan Y, Tang H, Wu Y, Sun Y. Prediction models constructed for Hashimoto's thyroiditis risk based on clinical and laboratory factors. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:886953. [PMID: 36004356 PMCID: PMC9393718 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.886953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) frequently occurs among autoimmune diseases and may simultaneously appear with thyroid cancer. However, it is difficult to diagnose HT at an early stage just by clinical symptoms. Thus, it is urgent to integrate multiple clinical and laboratory factors for the early diagnosis and risk prediction of HT. METHODS We recruited 1,303 participants, including 866 non-HT controls and 437 diagnosed HT patients. 44 HT patients also had thyroid cancer. Firstly, we compared the difference in thyroid goiter degrees between controls and patients. Secondly, we collected 15 factors and analyzed their significant differences between controls and HT patients, including age, body mass index, gender, history of diabetes, degrees of thyroid goiter, UIC, 25-(OH)D, FT3, FT4, TSH, TAG, TC, FPG, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Thirdly, logistic regression analysis demonstrated the risk factors for HT. For machine learning modeling of HT and thyroid cancer, we conducted the establishment and evaluation of six models in training and test sets. RESULTS The degrees of thyroid goiter were significantly different among controls, HT patients without cancer (HT-C), and HT patients with thyroid cancer (HT+C). Most factors had significant differences between controls and patients. Logistic regression analysis confirmed diabetes, UIC, FT3, and TSH as important risk factors for HT. The AUC scores of XGBoost, LR, SVM, and MLP models indicated appropriate predictive power for HT. The features were arranged by their importance, among which, 25-(OH)D, FT4, and TSH were the top three high-ranking factors. CONCLUSIONS We firstly analyzed comprehensive factors of HT patients. The proposed machine learning modeling, combined with multiple factors, are efficient for thyroid diagnosis. These discoveries will extensively promote precise diagnosis, personalized therapies, and reduce unnecessary cost for thyroid diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, Xuchang Central Hospital, Xuchang, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Health Management Center, Kaifeng Central Hospital, Kaifeng, China
| | - Minsu Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Jincheng People’s Hospital, Jincheng City, China
| | - Shaokai Xu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Xuchang Central Hospital, Xuchang, China
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, Xuchang Central Hospital, Xuchang, China
| | - Jingang Cao
- Department of Breast Surgery, Xuchang Central Hospital, Xuchang, China
| | - Dongming Tian
- Department of Breast Surgery, Xuchang Central Hospital, Xuchang, China
| | - Yaopeng Tan
- Department of Breast Surgery, Xuchang Central Hospital, Xuchang, China
| | - Lina Zheng
- Health Management Center, Kaifeng Central Hospital, Kaifeng, China
| | - Xia Cao
- Health Management Center, Kaifeng Central Hospital, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yingxia Pan
- Department of Medicine, Shanghai Biotecan Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Zhangjiang Institute of Medical Innovation, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Tang
- Department of Medicine, Shanghai Biotecan Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Zhangjiang Institute of Medical Innovation, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wu
- Department of Medicine, Shanghai Biotecan Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Zhangjiang Institute of Medical Innovation, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Yuanyuan Wu, ; Yi Sun,
| | - Yi Sun
- Department of Breast Surgery, Xuchang Central Hospital, Xuchang, China
- *Correspondence: Yuanyuan Wu, ; Yi Sun,
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16
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Huang P, Hou Y, Zou Y, Ye X, Yu R, Yang S. The Causal Effects of Primary Biliary Cholangitis on Thyroid Dysfunction: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study. Front Genet 2021; 12:791778. [PMID: 34956333 PMCID: PMC8703001 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.791778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is an autoimmune disease and is often accompanied by thyroid dysfunction. Understanding the potential causal relationship between PBC and thyroid dysfunction is helpful to explore the pathogenesis of PBC and to develop strategies for the prevention and treatment of PBC and its complications. Methods: We used a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) method to estimate the potential causal effect of PBC on the risk of autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxine (FT4), hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, and thyroid cancer (TC) in the European population. We collected seven datasets of PBC and related traits to perform a series MR analysis and performed extensive sensitivity analyses to ensure the reliability of our results. Results: Using a sensitivity analysis, we found that PBC was a risk factor for AITD, TSH, hypothyroidism, and TC with odds ratio (OR) of 1.002 (95% CI: 1.000–1.005, p = 0.042), 1.016 (95% CI: 1.006–1.027, p = 0.002), 1.068 (95% CI: 1.022–1.115, p = 0.003), and 1.106 (95% CI: 1.019–1.120, p = 0.042), respectively. Interestingly, using reverse-direction MR analysis, we also found that AITD had a significant potential causal association with PBC with an OR of 0.021 (p = 5.10E−4) and that the other two had no significant causal relation on PBC. Conclusion: PBC causes thyroid dysfunction, specifically as AITD, mild hypothyroidism, and TC. The potential causal relationship between PBC and thyroid dysfunction provides a new direction for the etiology of PBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Huang
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuqing Hou
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yixin Zou
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiangyu Ye
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rongbin Yu
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Sheng Yang
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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17
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Wu Y, Xu H, Tu X, Gao Z. The Role of Short-Chain Fatty Acids of Gut Microbiota Origin in Hypertension. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:730809. [PMID: 34650536 PMCID: PMC8506212 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.730809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and its development involves multiple mechanisms. Gut microbiota has been reported to be closely linked to hypertension. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs)-the metabolites of gut microbiota-participate in hypertension development through various pathways, including specific receptors, immune system, autonomic nervous system, metabolic regulation and gene transcription. This article reviews the possible mechanisms of SCFAs in regulating blood pressure and the prospects of SCFAs as a target to prevent and treat hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeshun Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, China
| | - Hongqing Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, China
| | - Xiaoming Tu
- Department of Cardiology, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, China
| | - Zhenyan Gao
- Department of Cardiology, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, China
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18
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Shen W, Tang D, Deng Y, Li H, Wang T, Wan P, Liu R. Association of gut microbiomes with lung and esophageal cancer: a pilot study. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 37:128. [PMID: 34212246 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-021-03086-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Gut microbiota, especially human pathogens, has been shown to be involved in the occurrence and development of cancer. Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and lung cancer are two malignant cancers, and their relationship with gut microbiota is still unclear. Virulence factor database (VFDB) is an integrated and comprehensive online resource for curating information about human pathogens. Here, based on VFDB database, we analyzed the differences of bacteria at genus level in the gut of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, lung cancer, and healthy controls. We proposed the possible cancer-associated bacteria in gut and put forward their possible effects. Apart from this, principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) and analysis of similarities (ANSOIM) suggested that some bacteria in the gut can be used as potential biomarkers to screen esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and lung cancer, and their effectiveness was preliminary verified. The relative abundance of Klebsiella and Streptococcus can be used to distinguish patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and lung cancer from healthy controls. The absolute abundance of Klebsiella can further distinguish patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma from patients with lung cancer. In particular, the relative abundance of Fusobacterium can directly distinguish between patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and healthy controls. Additionally, the absolute abundance of Haemophilus can distinguish lung cancer from healthy controls. Our study provided a new way based on VFDB database to explore the relationship between gut microbiota and cancer, and initially proposed a feasible cancer screening method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weitao Shen
- Key Laboratory of Environment Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Derong Tang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, 223300, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yali Deng
- Key Laboratory of Environment Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Huilin Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Tian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environment Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Ping Wan
- Key Laboratory of Environment Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Ran Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environment Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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Liu J, Su X, Lu J, Ning J, Lin M, Zhou H. PM 2.5 induces intestinal damage by affecting gut microbiota and metabolites of rats fed a high-carbohydrate diet. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 279:116849. [PMID: 33773181 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
PM2.5 has a major impact on the gastrointestinal system, but the specific mechanism behind this action is not fully understood. Current studies have focused on the relationship between PM2.5 and intestinal flora disorder, while ignoring the important influence of diet on gut microbes. In this study, SD rats were fed either a normal, high-fat, or high-carbohydrate diet for two months and exposed to PM2.5 (7 mg/kg b.w.) by intratracheal instillation. The results showed that the body and kidney weights of the rats in the high-fat diet group were significantly increased relative to those with a normal diet, and changes in the intestinal microbes and metabolites induced by PM2.5 were observed. Rats in the high-carbohydrate diet group had a significant response, and the diversity and richness indices of the flora were reduced (p < 0.05); additionally, intestinal Biffidobacterium and Lactobacillus were enriched, while many endogenous metabolites were found. Some amino acids derivatives and long-chain fatty acids were increased (p < 0.05). Both diet structure and PM2.5 exposure can affect the composition of gut microbiota, and intestinal metabolites may be associated with cell membrane damage when a high-carbohydrate diet interacts with PM2.5. This study considers multiple dietary factors to further supplement the evidence of intestinal damage via PM2.5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhua Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Key Laboratory of Environmental Monitoring and Pollutant Control of Xinjiang Bingtuan, Xinjiang, 832003, China
| | - Xianghui Su
- Department of Endocrinology, Changji Branch, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang, 831100, China
| | - Jianjiang Lu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Key Laboratory of Environmental Monitoring and Pollutant Control of Xinjiang Bingtuan, Xinjiang, 832003, China.
| | - Jianying Ning
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, China
| | - Meng Lin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Key Laboratory of Environmental Monitoring and Pollutant Control of Xinjiang Bingtuan, Xinjiang, 832003, China
| | - Hongjuan Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Key Laboratory of Environmental Monitoring and Pollutant Control of Xinjiang Bingtuan, Xinjiang, 832003, China
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20
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FFAR from the Gut Microbiome Crowd: SCFA Receptors in T1D Pathology. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11050302. [PMID: 34064625 PMCID: PMC8151283 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11050302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiome has emerged as a novel determinant of type 1 diabetes (T1D), but the underlying mechanisms are unknown. In this context, major gut microbial metabolites, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), are considered to be an important link between the host and gut microbiome. We, along with other laboratories, have explored how SCFAs and their cognate receptors affect various metabolic conditions, including obesity, type 2 diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. Though gut microbiome and SCFA-level changes have been reported in T1D and in mouse models of the disease, the role of SCFA receptors in T1D remains under explored. In this review article, we will highlight the existing and possible roles of these receptors in T1D pathology. We conclude with a discussion of SCFA receptors as therapeutic targets for T1D, exploring an exciting new potential for novel treatments of glucometabolic disorders.
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21
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Mosterd CM, Kanbay M, van den Born BJH, van Raalte DH, Rampanelli E. Intestinal microbiota and diabetic kidney diseases: the Role of microbiota and derived metabolites inmodulation of renal inflammation and disease progression. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021; 35:101484. [PMID: 33546983 DOI: 10.1016/j.beem.2021.101484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) represents a growing public health burden and is the leading cause of end-stage kidney diseases. In recent years, host-gut microbiota interactions have emerged as an integral part for host homeostasis. In the context of nephropathies, mounting evidence supports a bidirectional microbiota-kidney crosstalk, which becomes particularly manifest during progressive kidney dysfunction. Indeed, in chronic kidney disease (CKD), the "healthy" microbiota structure is disrupted and intestinal microbes produce large quantities of uremic solutes responsible for renal damage; on the other hand, the uremic state, fueled by reduced renal clearance, causes shifts in microbial metabolism and composition, hence creating a vicious cycle in which dysbiosis and renal dysfunction are progressively worsened. In this review, we will summarize the evidence from clinical/experimental studies concerning the occurrence of gut dysbiosis in diabetic and non-diabetic CKD, discuss the functional consequences of dysbiosis for CKD progression and debate putative therapeutic interventions targeting the intestinal microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Mosterd
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Location VUmc, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - M Kanbay
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Koc University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - B J H van den Born
- Department of Nephrology and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, the Netherlands
| | - D H van Raalte
- Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Location VUmc, Diabetes Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - E Rampanelli
- Department of Experimental Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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22
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Zou J, Reddivari L, Shi Z, Li S, Wang Y, Bretin A, Ngo VL, Flythe M, Pellizzon M, Chassaing B, Gewirtz AT. Inulin Fermentable Fiber Ameliorates Type I Diabetes via IL22 and Short-Chain Fatty Acids in Experimental Models. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 12:983-1000. [PMID: 33940221 PMCID: PMC8346662 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2021.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Nourishment of gut microbiota via consumption of fermentable fiber promotes gut health and guards against metabolic syndrome. In contrast, how dietary fiber impacts type 1 diabetes is less clear. METHODS To examine impact of dietary fibers on development of type 1 diabetes in the streptozotocin (STZ)-induced and spontaneous non-obese diabetes (NOD) models, mice were fed grain-based chow (GBC) or compositionally defined diets enriched with a fermentable fiber (inulin) or an insoluble fiber (cellulose). Spontaneous (NOD mice) or STZ-induced (wild-type mice) diabetes was monitored. RESULTS Relative to GBC, low-fiber diets exacerbated STZ-induced diabetes, whereas diets enriched with inulin, but not cellulose, strongly protected against or treated it. Inulin's restoration of glycemic control prevented loss of adipose depots, while reducing food and water consumption. Inulin normalized pancreatic function and markedly enhanced insulin sensitivity. Such amelioration of diabetes was associated with alterations in gut microbiota composition and was eliminated by antibiotic administration. Pharmacologic blockade of fermentation reduced inulin's beneficial impact on glycemic control, indicating a role for short-chain fatty acids (SCFA). Furthermore, inulin's microbiota-dependent anti-diabetic effect associated with SCFA-independent restoration of interleukin 22, which was necessary and sufficient to ameliorate STZ-induced diabetes. Inulin-enriched diets significantly delayed diabetes in NOD mice. CONCLUSIONS Fermentable fiber confers microbiota-dependent increases in SCFA and interleukin 22 that, together, may have potential to prevent and/or treat type 1 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zou
- Center for Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Lavanya Reddivari
- Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Zhenda Shi
- Center for Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Shiyu Li
- Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Yanling Wang
- Center for Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Alexis Bretin
- Center for Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Vu L Ngo
- Center for Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | | | | | - Benoit Chassaing
- Center for Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia; Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia; INSERM, U1016, Team "Mucosal microbiota in chronic inflammatory diseases", Paris, France; Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Andrew T Gewirtz
- Center for Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia.
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23
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Colucci R, Moretti S. Implication of Human Bacterial Gut Microbiota on Immune-Mediated and Autoimmune Dermatological Diseases and Their Comorbidities: A Narrative Review. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb) 2021; 11:363-384. [PMID: 33507493 PMCID: PMC8018919 DOI: 10.1007/s13555-021-00485-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
During the last decade, the advent of modern sequencing methods (next generation techniques, NGS) has helped describe the composition of the human gut microbiome, enabling us to understand the main characteristics of a healthy gut microbiome and, conversely, the magnitude of its disease-related changes. This new knowledge has revealed that healthy gut microbiota allow the maintenance of several crucial physiological functions, such as the ability to regulate the innate and adaptive immune systems. Increasing evidence has pointed out a condition of dysbiosis in several autoimmune/immune mediated dermatological conditions and specific gut microbial signatures have also been reported to correlate with clinical and prognostic parameters of such diseases. Based on a literature search of relevant published articles, this review debates the current knowledge and the possible pathogenic implications of bacterial gut microbiota composition assessed through NGS techniques in systemic lupus erythematosus, atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, and alopecia areata. Evidence of a potential role of specific gut microbiota signatures in modulating the clinical course of such diseases and their main comorbidities has been also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Colucci
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
| | - Silvia Moretti
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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24
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Roles of interstitial fluid pH and weak organic acids in development and amelioration of insulin resistance. Biochem Soc Trans 2021; 49:715-726. [PMID: 33769491 DOI: 10.1042/bst20200667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the most common lifestyle-related diseases (metabolic disorders) due to hyperphagia and/or hypokinesia. Hyperglycemia is the most well-known symptom occurring in T2DM patients. Insulin resistance is also one of the most important symptoms, however, it is still unclear how insulin resistance develops in T2DM. Detailed understanding of the pathogenesis primarily causing insulin resistance is essential for developing new therapies for T2DM. Insulin receptors are located at the plasma membrane of the insulin-targeted cells such as myocytes, adipocytes, etc., and insulin binds to the extracellular site of its receptor facing the interstitial fluid. Thus, changes in interstitial fluid microenvironments, specially pH, affect the insulin-binding affinity to its receptor. The most well-known clinical condition regarding pH is systemic acidosis (arterial blood pH < 7.35) frequently observed in severe T2DM associated with insulin resistance. Because the insulin-binding site of its receptor faces the interstitial fluid, we should recognize the interstitial fluid pH value, one of the most important factors influencing the insulin-binding affinity. It is notable that the interstitial fluid pH is unstable compared with the arterial blood pH even under conditions that the arterial blood pH stays within the normal range, 7.35-7.45. This review article introduces molecular mechanisms on unstable interstitial fluid pH value influencing the insulin action via changes in insulin-binding affinity and ameliorating actions of weak organic acids on insulin resistance via their characteristics as bases after absorption into the body even with sour taste at the tongue.
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25
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Cayres LCDF, de Salis LVV, Rodrigues GSP, Lengert AVH, Biondi APC, Sargentini LDB, Brisotti JL, Gomes E, de Oliveira GLV. Detection of Alterations in the Gut Microbiota and Intestinal Permeability in Patients With Hashimoto Thyroiditis. Front Immunol 2021; 12:579140. [PMID: 33746942 PMCID: PMC7973118 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.579140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) is the most common autoimmune disease worldwide, characterized by chronic inflammation and circulating autoantibodies against thyroid peroxidase and thyroglobulin. Patients require hormone replacement with oral levothyroxine, and if untreated, they can develop serious adverse health effects and ultimately death. There is a lot of evidence that the intestinal dysbiosis, bacterial overgrowth, and increased intestinal permeability favor the HT development, and a thyroid–gut axis has been proposed, which seems to impact our entire metabolism. Here, we evaluated alterations in the gut microbiota in Brazilian patients with HT and correlated this data with dietary habits, clinical data, and systemic cytokines and zonulin concentrations. Stool samples from 40 patients with HT and 53 controls were analyzed using real-time PCR, the serum cytokine levels were evaluated by flow cytometry, zonulin concentrations by ELISA, and the dietary habits were recorded by a food frequency questionnaire. We observed a significant increase (p < 0.05) in the Bacteroides species and a decrease in Bifidobacterium in samples of patients with HT. In addition, Lactobacillus species were higher in patients without thyroid hormone replacement, compared with those who use oral levothyroxine. Regarding dietary habits, we demonstrated that there are significant differences in the consumption of vegetables, fruits, animal-derived proteins, dairy products, saturated fats, and carbohydrates between patients and control group, and an inverse correlation between animal-derived protein and Bacteroides genus was detected. The microbiota modulation by diet directly influences the inflammatory profile due to the generated microbiota metabolites and their direct or indirect action on immune cells in the gut mucosa. Although there are no differences in systemic cytokines in our patients with HT, we detected increased zonulin concentrations, suggesting a leaky gut in patients with HT. These findings could help understand the development and progression of HT, while further investigations to clarify the underlying mechanisms of the diet–microbiota–immune system axis are still needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Larissa Vedovato Vilela de Salis
- Microbiology Program, Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences (IBILCE), São Paulo State University (UNESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - João Luiz Brisotti
- Microbiome Study Group, School of Health Sciences Dr. Paulo Prata, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eleni Gomes
- Microbiology Program, Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences (IBILCE), São Paulo State University (UNESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gislane Lelis Vilela de Oliveira
- Microbiome Study Group, School of Health Sciences Dr. Paulo Prata, São Paulo, Brazil.,Microbiology Program, Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences (IBILCE), São Paulo State University (UNESP), São Paulo, Brazil.,Food Engineering and Technology Department, Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José do Rio Preto, Brazil
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26
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Cho SW, Park YJ. Best Achievements in Translational and Basic Thyroidology in 2020. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2021; 36:36-40. [PMID: 33677924 PMCID: PMC7937842 DOI: 10.3803/enm.2021.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
This review discusses articles published in 2020 that presented noteworthy achievements in translational and basic thyroidology. Previously unresolved questions about thyroid hormone receptor actions and signaling mechanisms were answered using various novel in vitro and in vivo models. Using high resolution cryo-electron microscopy, the fine functional structure of thyroglobulin was demonstrated, and new insights into the pathogenesis of thyroid disease were achieved, with a focus on research into thyroid-disrupting chemicals and the gut microbiome. Novel therapeutic approaches were tried in the field of advanced thyroid cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Wook Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Joo Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, and College of Medicine or College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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27
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Gong B, Wang C, Meng F, Wang H, Song B, Yang Y, Shan Z. Association Between Gut Microbiota and Autoimmune Thyroid Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:774362. [PMID: 34867823 PMCID: PMC8635774 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.774362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) is characterized by thyroid dysfunction and deficits in the autoimmune system. Growing attention has been paid toward the field of gut microbiota over the last few decades. Several recent studies have found that gut microbiota composition in patients with AITD has altered, but no studies have conducted systematic reviews on the association between gut microbiota and ATID. METHODS We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane databases without language restrictions and conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of eight studies, including 196 patients with AITD. RESULTS The meta-analysis showed that the alpha diversity and abundance of certain gut microbiota were changed in patients with AITD compared to the controls. Chao1,the index of the microflora richness, was increased in the Hashimoto's thyroiditis group compared to controls (SMD, 0.68, 95%CI: 0.16 to 1.20), while it was decreased in the Graves' disease group (SMD, -0.87, 95%CI: -1.46 to -0.28). In addition, we found that some beneficial bacteria like Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus were decreased in the AITD group, and harmful microbiota like Bacteroides fragilis was significantly increased compared with the controls. Furthermore, the percentage of relevant abundance of other commensal bacteria such as Bacteroidetes, Bacteroides, and Lachnospiraceae was increased compared with the controls. CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis indicates an association between AITD and alteration of microbiota composition at the family, genus, and species levels. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO, identifier CRD42021251557.
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28
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Amadei SS, Notario V. A Significant Question in Cancer Risk and Therapy: Are Antibiotics Positive or Negative Effectors? Current Answers and Possible Alternatives. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:E580. [PMID: 32899961 PMCID: PMC7558931 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9090580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is predominantly considered as an environmental disease caused by genetic or epigenetic alterations induced by exposure to extrinsic (e.g., carcinogens, pollutants, radiation) or intrinsic (e.g., metabolic, immune or genetic deficiencies). Over-exposure to antibiotics, which is favored by unregulated access as well as inappropriate prescriptions by physicians, is known to have led to serious health problems such as the rise of antibiotic resistance, in particular in poorly developed countries. In this review, the attention is focused on evaluating the effects of antibiotic exposure on cancer risk and on the outcome of cancer therapeutic protocols, either directly acting as extrinsic promoters, or indirectly, through interactions with the human gut microbiota. The preponderant evidence derived from information reported over the last 10 years confirms that antibiotic exposure tends to increase cancer risk and, unfortunately, that it reduces the efficacy of various forms of cancer therapy (e.g., chemo-, radio-, and immunotherapy alone or in combination). Alternatives to the current patterns of antibiotic use, such as introducing new antibiotics, bacteriophages or enzybiotics, and implementing dysbiosis-reducing microbiota modulatory strategies in oncology, are discussed. The information is in the end considered from the perspective of the most recent findings on the tumor-specific and intracellular location of the tumor microbiota, and of the most recent theories proposed to explain cancer etiology on the notion of regression of the eukaryotic cells and systems to stages characterized for a lack of coordination among their components of prokaryotic origin, which is promoted by injuries caused by environmental insults.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vicente Notario
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA;
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