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Rajput S, Malviya R, Uniyal P. Advances in the Treatment of Kidney Disorders using Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Curr Pharm Des 2024; 30:825-840. [PMID: 38482624 DOI: 10.2174/0113816128296105240305110312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Renal disease is a medical condition that poses a potential threat to the life of an individual and is related to substantial morbidity and mortality rates in clinical environments. The aetiology of this condition is influenced by multiple factors, and its incidence tends to increase with progressive aging. Although supportive therapy and kidney transplantation have potential advantages, they also have limitations in terms of mitigating the progression of KD. Despite significant advancements in the domain of supportive therapy, mortality rates in patients continue to increase. Due to their ability to self-renew and multidirectionally differentiate, stem cell therapy has been shown to have tremendous potential in the repair of the diseased kidney. MSCs (Mesenchymal stem cells) are a cell population that is extensively distributed and can be located in various niches throughout an individual's lifespan. The cells in question are characterised by their potential for indefinite replication and their aptitude for undergoing differentiation into fully developed cells of mesodermal origin under laboratory conditions. It is essential to emphasize that MSCs have demonstrated a favorable safety profile and efficacy as a therapeutic intervention for renal diseases in both preclinical as well as clinical investigations. MSCs have been found to slow the advancement of kidney disease, and this impact is thought to be due to their control over a number of physiological processes, including immunological response, tubular epithelial- mesenchymal transition, oxidative stress, renal tubular cell death, and angiogenesis. In addition, MSCs demonstrate recognised effectiveness in managing both acute and chronic kidney diseases via paracrine pathways. The proposal to utilise a therapy that is based on stem-cells as an effective treatment has been put forward in search of discovering novel therapies to promote renal regeneration. Preclinical researchers have demonstrated that various types of stem cells can provide advantages in acute and chronic kidney disease. Moreover, preliminary results from clinical trials have suggested that these interventions are both safe and well-tolerated. This manuscript provides a brief overview of the potential renoprotective effects of stem cell-based treatments in acute as well as chronic renal dysfunction. Furthermore, the mechanisms that govern the process of kidney regeneration induced by stem cells are investigated. This article will examine the therapeutic approaches that make use of stem cells for the treatment of kidney disorders. The analysis will cover various cellular sources that have been utilised, potential mechanisms involved, and the outcomes that have been achieved so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivam Rajput
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Allied Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rishabha Malviya
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Allied Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Prerna Uniyal
- School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun, India
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Effects of Nanofiber Scaffolds Coated with Nanoparticulate and Microparticulate Freeze Dried Bone Allograft on the Morphology, Adhesion, and Proliferation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells. IRANIAN BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL 2022; 26:193-201. [PMID: 35633638 PMCID: PMC9440688 DOI: 10.52547/ibj.26.3.193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background: Freeze dried bone allograft nanoparticles on a nanofiber membrane may serve as an ideal scaffold for bone regeneration. This study aimed to assess the biological behavior of human MSCs in terms of proliferation and adhesion to nanoparticulate and microparticulate FDBA scaffolds on PLLA nanofiber membrane. Methods: In this experimental study, PLLA nanofiber scaffolds were synthesized by the electrospinning method. The FDBA nanoparticles were synthesized mechanically. The FDBA nanoparticles and microparticles were loaded on the surface of PLLA nanofiber membrane. A total of 64 scaffold samples in four groups of n-FDBA/PLLA, FDBA/PLLA, PLLA and control were placed in 24-well polystyrene tissue culture plates; 16 wells were allocated to each group. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Bonferroni test. Results: The proliferation rate of MSCs was significantly higher in the nanoparticulate group compared to the microparticulate group at five days (p = 0.034). Assessment of cell morphology at 24 hours revealed spindle-shaped cells with a higher number of appendages in the nanoparticulate group compared to other groups. Conclusion: MSCs on n-FDBA/PLLA scaffold were morphologically more active and flatter with a higher number of cellular appendages, as compared to FDBA/PLLA. It seems that the nanoparticulate scaffold is superior to the microparticulate scaffold in terms of proliferation, attachment, and morphology of MSCs in vitro.
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Wang J, Lin Y, Chen X, Liu Y, Zhou T. Mesenchymal stem cells: A new therapeutic tool for chronic kidney disease. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:910592. [PMID: 36268508 PMCID: PMC9577598 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.910592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has a major impact on public health, which could progress to end-stage kidney disease (ESRD) and consume many medical resources. Currently, the treatment for CKD has many flaws, so more effective treatment tools are urgently required for CKD. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are primitive cells with self-renewal and proliferation capacity and differentiation potential. Extensive preclinical and clinical data has shown that cell-based therapies using MSCs can modulate immunity, inhibit inflammatory factors, and improve renal function in CKD, suggesting that MSCs have the potential to be a new, effective therapeutic tool for CKD. In this review, we will describe different kinds of MSCs and MSCs products for the treatment of CKD in experimental models and clinical trials, potential signaling pathways, therapeutic efficacy, and critical issues that need to be addressed before therapeutic application in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Wang
- Department of Nephrology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Yongda Lin
- Department of Nephrology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Xiutian Chen
- Department of Nephrology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Yiping Liu
- Department of Nephrology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Tianbiao Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
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Impact of allogeneic feline uterine-derived mesenchymal stromal cell intravenous treatment on renal function of nephrectomized cats with chronic kidney disease. Res Vet Sci 2021; 141:33-41. [PMID: 34653723 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2021.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a common condition and leading cause of mortality in cats. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) may have a therapeutic effect on CKD. The aim of this pilot study was to determine efficacy of systemically-administered allogeneic uterine tissue-derived MSCs (UMSCs) in cats with CKD. Eighteen renal-compromised, unilaterally nephrectomized cats received two doses of 3 × 107 allogeneic UMSCs given intravenously (IV) with a 2-week dose interval. The primary endpoint was renal function, with treatment success defined by a 20% increase in glomerular filtration rate (GFR; iohexol clearance) and/or a 20% decrease in plasma creatinine in 50% of the cats. Secondary endpoints included diet and water consumption, body weight, urine characteristics, and adverse events. Treatment was well tolerated and associated with a statistically meaningful increase in GFR on Days 13, 28, 57, 99, 121 and 182, compared with baseline (P < 0.0001 for Days 13 to 99 inclusive; P = 0.0029 and P = 0.0225 for Days 121 and 182, respectively). Greater than 50% of the cats demonstrated a 20% increase in GFR on all days except Day 150, at which point GFR measurements were consistently above baseline. Statistically meaningful increases in diet and water consumption were observed. Substantial improvements in GFR were observed throughout the six-month evaluation period (excluding Day 150) in more than 50% of cats, thereby meeting the primary endpoint. Therefore, this IV-administered, allogeneic cellular therapy may support both renal function and clinical status of cats with CKD.
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BOZTOK ÖZGERMEN B, BULUT G, ALPASLAN PINARLI F, GÜLTEKİN SS, ÖZEN D, YAVUZ O, HAYDARDEDEOĞLU AE. Investigation of the effects of fetal rat kidney-derived mesenchymal stem cells implementation on doxorubicin-induced nephropathy in male Sprague – dawley rats. ANKARA ÜNIVERSITESI VETERINER FAKÜLTESI DERGISI 2021. [DOI: 10.33988/auvfd.822776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Li S, Wang Y, Wang Z, Chen L, Zuo B, Liu C, Sun D. Enhanced renoprotective effect of GDNF-modified adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells on renal interstitial fibrosis. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:27. [PMID: 33413640 PMCID: PMC7792009 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-02049-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The therapeutic effect of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from human adipose tissue on renal interstitial fibrosis has been demonstrated by several groups. However, the way to enhance the renoprotective effect of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AMSCs) and the possible mechanisms are still unclear. The present study aimed to determine whether glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF)-modified AMSCs hold an enhanced protective effect on renal fibrosis. Methods AMSCs were isolated and purified for culture. The gene GDNF has been constructed to transfect into AMSCs. The ability of GFP-AMSCs and GDNF-AMSCs supernatants to promote tube formation of endothelial cells, repair damaged endothelial cell junctions, and improve endothelial cell function was compared by using tube formation assay, immunofluorescence techniques, and vascular ring assay, respectively. Furthermore, HE and Masson staining were used to observe the histological morphology of the kidney in vivo. Peritubular capillary changes were detected and analyzed by fluorescence microangiography (FMA). Meanwhile, the hypoxia, oxidative stress, fibrotic markers, and PI3K/Akt pathway proteins were measured by western blot or qRT-PCR technics. Results Compared with GFP-AMSCs only, GDNF-AMSCs could enhance the repair of injured endothelial cells and promote angiogenesis through secreting more growth factors in the supernatant of GDNF-AMSC culture media demonstrated in vitro studies. Studies in vivo, unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO)-induced mice were injected with transfected AMSCs through their tail veins. We showed that enhanced homing of AMSCs was observed in the GDNF-AMSC group compared with the GFP-AMSC group. The animals treated with GDNF-AMSCs exhibited an improvement of capillary rarefaction and fibrosis induced by obstructed kidney compared with the GFP-AMSC group. Furthermore, we reported that GDNF-AMSCs protect renal tissues against microvascular injuries via activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Therefore, GDNF-AMSCs further ameliorated the tissue hypoxia, suppressed oxidative stress, and finally inhibited endothelial to mesenchymal transition noting by decreased coexpression of endothelial cell (CD31) and myofibroblast (a-SMA) markers. Conclusion Collectively, our data indicated that the GDNF gene enhances the ability of AMSCs in improving renal microcirculation through PI3K/Akt/eNOS signaling pathway and afterward inhibit the EndMT process and kidney fibrogenesis, which should have a vast of implications in designing future remedies for chronic kidney disease (CKD) treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shulin Li
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huai-hai Road, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yanping Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huai-hai Road, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhuojun Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huai-hai Road, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huai-hai Road, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bangjie Zuo
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huai-hai Road, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Caixia Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huai-hai Road, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dong Sun
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huai-hai Road, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China. .,Department of Internal Medicine and Diagnostics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, China.
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Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy for Diabetic Kidney Disease: A Review of the Studies Using Syngeneic, Autologous, Allogeneic, and Xenogeneic Cells. Stem Cells Int 2020; 2020:8833725. [PMID: 33505469 PMCID: PMC7812547 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8833725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) and comprises multifactorial pathophysiologic mechanisms. Despite current treatment, around 30-40% of individuals with type 1 and type 2 DM (DM1 and DM2) have progressive DKD, which is the most common cause of end-stage chronic kidney disease worldwide. Mesenchymal stem cell- (MSC-) based therapy has important biological and therapeutic implications for curtailing DKD progression. As a chronic disease, DM may impair MSC microenvironment, but there is compelling evidence that MSC derived from DM1 individuals maintain their cardinal properties, such as potency, secretion of trophic factors, and modulation of immune cells, so that both autologous and allogeneic MSCs are safe and effective. Conversely, MSCs derived from DM2 individuals are usually dysfunctional, exhibiting higher rates of senescence and apoptosis and a decrease in clonogenicity, proliferation, and angiogenesis potential. Therefore, more studies in humans are needed to reach a conclusion if autologous MSCs from DM2 individuals are effective for treatment of DM-related complications. Importantly, the bench to bedside pathway has been constructed in the last decade for assessing the therapeutic potential of MSCs in the DM setting. Laboratory research set the basis for establishing further translation research including preclinical development and proof of concept in model systems. Phase I clinical trials have evaluated the safety profile of MSC-based therapy in humans, and phase II clinical trials (proof of concept in trial participants) still need to answer important questions for treating DKD, yet metabolic control has already been documented. Therefore, randomized and controlled trials considering the source, optimal cell number, and route of delivery in DM patients are further required to advance MSC-based therapy. Future directions include strategies to reduce MSC heterogeneity, standardized protocols for isolation and expansion of those cells, and the development of well-designed large-scale trials to show significant efficacy during a long follow-up, mainly in individuals with DKD.
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Fujimoto Y, Yokozeki T, Yokoyama A, Tabata Y. Basic fibroblast growth factor enhances proliferation and hepatocyte growth factor expression of feline mesenchymal stem cells. Regen Ther 2020; 15:10-17. [PMID: 32490062 PMCID: PMC7256438 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2020.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) on the proliferation and secretion activity of feline adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSC). Methods Feline MSC isolated from the subcutaneous adipose tissue of cats were cultured with or without bFGF. Results The bFGF addition enhanced the proliferation of feline MSC to a significant great extent compared with that without bFGF, although the cell proliferation tended to increase with the bFGF concentration. In addition, adipogenic and osteogenic staining assay demonstrated that the bFGF addition allowed MSC to maintain the differentiation ability even after the proliferation. Moreover, no change in the surface markers of MSC was observed between the cultures with or without bFGF. A quantitative RT-PCR assay revealed that the HGF and TSG-6 expression significantly increased by the bFGF addition. The highest mRNA expression of MMP-2 was observed for cells cultured in 1000 ng/ml bFGF concentration. Conclusions The culture with bFGF is a promising way to enhance the proliferation, and HGF secretion ability of MSC as well as maintain their differentiation ability and immunophenotype nature. Feline adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) was cultured with or without the basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF). The bFGF enhanced the proliferation and increased the mRNA expression of HGF, TSG-6, and MMP-2. The bFGF addition was not influenced to the differentiation ability and cell surface marker of MSC.
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Key Words
- Basic fibroblast growth factor
- CKD, chronic kidney disease
- ECM, extracellular matrix
- FBS, fetal bovine serum
- FGF, basic fibroblast growth factor
- Feline
- GAPDH, gliyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
- HGF, hepatocyte growth factor
- Hepatocyte growth factor
- MMP-2, matrix metalloproteinase-2
- MSC, mesenchymal stem cells
- Mesenchymal stem cell
- P1, passage 1
- Proliferation
- SVF, stromal vascular fraction
- TSG-6, tumor necrosis factor-stimulated gene 6
- Tumor necrosis factor-stimulated gene 6
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Affiliation(s)
- Youhei Fujimoto
- Department of Advanced Pathobiology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan.,Laboratory of Biomaterials, Department of Regeneration Science and Engineering, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | | | - Yasuhiko Tabata
- Laboratory of Biomaterials, Department of Regeneration Science and Engineering, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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Rangel ÉB, Gomes SA, Kanashiro-Takeuchi R, Hare JM. Progenitor/Stem Cell Delivery by Suprarenal Aorta Route in Acute Kidney Injury. Cell Transplant 2019; 28:1390-1403. [PMID: 31409111 PMCID: PMC6802150 DOI: 10.1177/0963689719860826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Progenitor/stem cell-based kidney regenerative strategies are a key step towards
the development of novel therapeutic regimens for kidney disease treatment.
However, the route of cell delivery, e.g., intravenous, intra-arterial, or
intra-parenchymal, may affect the efficiency for kidney repair in different
models of acute and chronic injury. Here, we describe a protocol of intra-aorta
progenitor/stem cell injection in rats following either acute
ischemia-reperfusion injury or acute proteinuria induced by puromycin
aminonucleoside (PAN) – the experimental prototype of human minimal change
disease and early stages of focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis. Vascular
clips were applied across both renal pedicles for 35 min, or a single dose of
PAN was injected via intra-peritoneal route, respectively. Subsequently, 2 x
106 stem cells [green fluorescent protein (GFP)-labeled c-Kit+
progenitor/stem cells or GFP-mesenchymal stem cells] or saline were injected
into the suprarenal aorta, above the renal arteries, after application of a
vascular clip to the abdominal aorta below the renal arteries. This approach
contributed to engraftment rates of ∼10% at day 8 post ischemia-reperfusion
injury, when c-Kit+ progenitor/stem cells were injected, which accelerated
kidney recovery. Similar rates of engraftment were found after PAN-induced
podocyte damage at day 21. With practice and gentle surgical technique, 100% of
the rats could be injected successfully, and, in the week following injection, ∼
85% of the injected rats will recover completely. Given the similarities in
mammals, much of the data obtained from intra-arterial delivery of
progenitor/stem cells in rodents can be tested in translational research and
clinical trials with endovascular catheters in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Érika B Rangel
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, Leonard M Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, USA.,Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil.,Federal University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Samirah A Gomes
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, Leonard M Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, USA.,Laboratory of Cellular, Genetic, and Molecular Nephrology, Renal Division, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rosemeire Kanashiro-Takeuchi
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, Leonard M Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, USA.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Leonard M Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, USA
| | - Joshua M Hare
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, Leonard M Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, USA.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Leonard M Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, USA.,Division of Cardiology, Leonard M Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, USA
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Villanueva S, González F, Lorca E, Tapia A, López VG, Strodthoff R, Fajre F, Carreño JE, Valjalo R, Vergara C, Lecanda M, Bartolucci J, Figueroa FE, Khoury M. Adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stromal cells for treating chronic kidney disease: A pilot study assessing safety and clinical feasibility. Kidney Res Clin Pract 2019; 38:176-185. [PMID: 31189223 PMCID: PMC6577210 DOI: 10.23876/j.krcp.18.0139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a growing public health concern, and available treatments are insufficient in limiting disease progression. New strategies, including regenerative cell-based therapies, have emerged as therapeutic alternatives. Results from several groups, including our own, have reported evidence of a supportive role for mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) in functional recovery and prevention of tissue damage in murine models of CKD. Prompted by these data, an open pilot study was conducted to assess the safety and efficacy of a single injection of autologous adipose tissue-derived MSCs (AT-MSCs) for treatment of CKD. Methods AT-MSCs were infused intravenously into six CKD patients at a dose of 1 million cells/kg. Patients were stabilized and followed for one year prior to MSC infusion and one year following infusion. Results No patients presented with adverse effects. Statistically significant improvement in urinary protein excretion was observed in AT-MSCs transplanted patients, from a median of 0.75 g/day (range, 0.15-9.57) at baseline to 0.54 g/day (range, 0.01-2.66) at month 12 (P = 0.046). The glomerular filtration rate was not significantly decreased post-infusion of AT-MSCs. Conclusion Findings from this pilot study demonstrate that intravenous infusion of autologous expanded AT-MSCs into CKD patients was not associated with adverse effects and could benefit patients already undergoing standard medical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Villanueva
- Laboratory of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Eduardo Lorca
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital Salvador, Santiago, Chile
| | - Andrés Tapia
- Laboratory of Nano-regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Valentina G López
- Cells for Cells, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rocío Strodthoff
- Laboratory of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Francisca Fajre
- Laboratory of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Juan E Carreño
- Laboratory of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ricardo Valjalo
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital Salvador, Santiago, Chile
| | - César Vergara
- Laboratory of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Manuel Lecanda
- Laboratory of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jorge Bartolucci
- Cells for Cells, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Fernando E Figueroa
- Laboratory of Nano-regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Los Andes, Santiago, Chile.,Program for Translational Research in Cell Therapy, the Chilean Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Los Andes, Santiago, Chile.,Consorcio Regenero, the Chilean Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Maroun Khoury
- Laboratory of Nano-regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Los Andes, Santiago, Chile.,Cells for Cells, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Los Andes, Santiago, Chile.,Program for Translational Research in Cell Therapy, the Chilean Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Los Andes, Santiago, Chile
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Rota C, Morigi M, Imberti B. Stem Cell Therapies in Kidney Diseases: Progress and Challenges. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20112790. [PMID: 31181604 PMCID: PMC6600599 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20112790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of renal diseases is emerging as a public health problem. Despite major progress in supportive therapy, mortality rates among patients remain high. In an attempt to find innovative treatments to stimulate kidney regeneration, stem cell-based technology has been proposed as a potentially promising strategy. Here, we summarise the renoprotective potential of pluripotent and adult stem cell therapy in experimental models of acute and chronic kidney injury and we explore the different mechanisms at the basis of stem cell-induced kidney regeneration. Specifically, cell engraftment, incorporation into renal structures, or paracrine activities of embryonic or induced pluripotent stem cells as well as mesenchymal stem cells and renal precursors are analysed. We also discuss the relevance of stem cell secretome-derived bioproducts, including soluble factors and extracellular vesicles, and the option of using them as cell-free therapy to induce reparative processes. The translation of the experimental results into clinical trials is also addressed, highlighting the safety and feasibility of stem cell treatments in patients with kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Rota
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Via Stezzano 87, 24126 Bergamo, Italy.
| | - Marina Morigi
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Via Stezzano 87, 24126 Bergamo, Italy.
| | - Barbara Imberti
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Via Stezzano 87, 24126 Bergamo, Italy.
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Thomson AL, Berent AC, Weisse C, Langston CE. Intra-arterial renal infusion of autologous mesenchymal stem cells for treatment of chronic kidney disease in cats: Phase I clinical trial. J Vet Intern Med 2019; 33:1353-1361. [PMID: 30924554 PMCID: PMC6524114 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.15486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There are no known treatments that halt or reverse chronic kidney disease (CKD) in cats. In rodent models, stem cell treatment has been associated with improvement in renal function parameters, especially when stem cells were delivered intra‐arterially to the kidney. To date, only IV and intrarenal stem cell infusions have been studied in cats with CKD with no clinically relevant improvement noted. Objective To assess the safety and feasibility of intra‐arterial delivery of autologous mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) in stromal vascular fraction (SVF) to the kidney in cats with CKD. Animals Five client‐owned domestic cats with International Renal Interest Society stage III CKD. Methods Prospective cohort study (phase I clinical trial). Adipose tissue was harvested from study animals on day 0. On days 2 and 14, an infusion of MSC in SVF was administered into the renal artery via the femoral or carotid artery using fluoroscopic guidance. Serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen concentration, plasma iohexol clearance, and quality of life assessments were monitored between days 0 and 90. Results The procedure was performed successfully in all cats. No severe adverse events were observed in any cat during the study period. Conclusions and Clinical Importance Intra‐arterial infusion of MSC into the renal artery in CKD cats was feasible and safe within a 3‐month postoperative period. Efficacy and long‐term safety have yet to be established. This procedure requires careful technique and training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail L Thomson
- The Animal Medical Center, Interventional Radiology and Endoscopy, New York, NY
| | - Allyson C Berent
- The Animal Medical Center, Interventional Radiology and Endoscopy, New York, NY
| | - Chick Weisse
- The Animal Medical Center, Interventional Radiology and Endoscopy, New York, NY
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Abstract
Stem cell therapy has tremendous potential for clinical application in the treatment of a variety of diseases in veterinary medicine. Based on the known desirable immunomodulatory properties of mesenchymal stem cells, this therapy has potential for treatment of a variety of renal diseases. This review details our current understanding of stem cell biology and proposed mechanism of action as applicable to renal disease. Studies performed in chronic kidney disease clinical trials and models of acute kidney injury are summarized with the goal of providing an overview of the current status of this treatment modality and its potential for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica M Quimby
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, The Ohio State University, 601 Vernon Tharp Road, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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14
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Wang Z, Sun D. Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A New Tool for the Treatment of Renal Fibrosis. Stem Cells Dev 2018; 27:1406-1411. [PMID: 30032706 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2017.0304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
As chronic kidney disease progresses, kidney tissue inevitably undergoes cell loss, accumulation of extracellular matrix, and kidney tissue fibrosis, eventually leading to end-stage renal disease. With the continuous innovation of cell therapy technology, mesenchymal stem cells are used in numerous fields, including cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and kidney tissue injury repair. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AMSCs), a type of pluripotent stem cells, have the potential for self-renewal and proliferation with low immunogenicity and significant anti-inflammatory properties. AMSCs can promote impaired cell regeneration and remodeling in renal lesions, thus avoiding further worsening of renal disease and even blocking or reversing the process of renal fibrosis. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms involved in the treatment of renal fibrosis with AMSCs and summarize the potential hazards that may exist in cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuojun Wang
- 1 Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University , Xuzhou, China
| | - Dong Sun
- 1 Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University , Xuzhou, China .,2 Department of Internal Medicine and Diagnostics, Xuzhou Medical University , Xuzhou, China
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Torres Crigna A, Daniele C, Gamez C, Medina Balbuena S, Pastene DO, Nardozi D, Brenna C, Yard B, Gretz N, Bieback K. Stem/Stromal Cells for Treatment of Kidney Injuries With Focus on Preclinical Models. Front Med (Lausanne) 2018; 5:179. [PMID: 29963554 PMCID: PMC6013716 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2018.00179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Within the last years, the use of stem cells (embryonic, induced pluripotent stem cells, or hematopoietic stem cells), Progenitor cells (e.g., endothelial progenitor cells), and most intensely mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) has emerged as a promising cell-based therapy for several diseases including nephropathy. For patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), dialysis or finally organ transplantation are the only therapeutic modalities available. Since ESRD is associated with a high healthcare expenditure, MSC therapy represents an innovative approach. In a variety of preclinical and clinical studies, MSC have shown to exert renoprotective properties, mediated mainly by paracrine effects, immunomodulation, regulation of inflammation, secretion of several trophic factors, and possibly differentiation to renal precursors. However, studies are highly diverse; thus, knowledge is still limited regarding the exact mode of action, source of MSC in comparison to other stem cell types, administration route and dose, tracking of cells and documentation of therapeutic efficacy by new imaging techniques and tissue visualization. The aim of this review is to provide a summary of published studies of stem cell therapy in acute and chronic kidney injury, diabetic nephropathy, polycystic kidney disease, and kidney transplantation. Preclinical studies with allogeneic or xenogeneic cell therapy were first addressed, followed by a summary of clinical trials carried out with autologous or allogeneic hMSC. Studies were analyzed with respect to source of cell type, mechanism of action etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Torres Crigna
- Medical Faculty Mannheim, Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, University of Heidelberg, German Red Cross Blood Service Baden-Württemberg-Hessen, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Cristina Daniele
- Medical Faculty Mannheim, Medical Research Centre, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Carolina Gamez
- Department for Experimental Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery Centre (OUZ), Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Sara Medina Balbuena
- Department of Medicine (Nephrology/Endrocrinology/Rheumathology), University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Diego O. Pastene
- Department of Medicine (Nephrology/Endrocrinology/Rheumathology), University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Daniela Nardozi
- Medical Faculty Mannheim, Medical Research Centre, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Cinzia Brenna
- Medical Faculty Mannheim, Medical Research Centre, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Benito Yard
- Department of Medicine (Nephrology/Endrocrinology/Rheumathology), University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Norbert Gretz
- Medical Faculty Mannheim, Medical Research Centre, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Karen Bieback
- Medical Faculty Mannheim, Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, University of Heidelberg, German Red Cross Blood Service Baden-Württemberg-Hessen, Mannheim, Germany
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Makhlough A, Shekarchian S, Moghadasali R, Einollahi B, Dastgheib M, Janbabaee G, Hosseini SE, Falah N, Abbasi F, Baharvand H, Aghdami N. Bone marrow-mesenchymal stromal cell infusion in patients with chronic kidney disease: A safety study with 18 months of follow-up. Cytotherapy 2018; 20:660-669. [PMID: 29580865 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2018.02.368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2017] [Revised: 02/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive loss of kidney function and structure that affects approximately 13% of the population worldwide. A recent meta-analysis revealed that cell-based therapies improve impaired renal function and structure in preclinical models of CKD. We assessed the safety and tolerability of bone marrow-mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) infusion in patients with CKD. METHODS A single-arm study was carried out at one center with 18-month follow-up in seven eligible patients with CKD due to different etiologies such as hypertension, nephrotic syndrome (NS) and unknown etiology. We administered an intravenous infusion (1-2 × 106 cells/kg) of autologous cultured MSCs. The primary endpoint was safety, which was measured by number and severity of adverse events. The secondary endpoint was decrease in the rate of decrease in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). We compared kidney function during the follow-up visits to baseline and 18 months prior to the intervention. RESULTS Follow-up visits of all seven patients were completed; however, we have not observed any cell-related adverse events during the trial. Changes in eGFR (P = 0.10) and serum creatinine (P = 0.24) from 18 months before cell infusion to baseline in comparison with baseline to 18 months were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS We showed safety and tolerability of a single-dose infusion of autologous MSCs in patients with CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atieh Makhlough
- Department of Nephrology, Gut and Liver Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Soroosh Shekarchian
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, The Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Moghadasali
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, The Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Tehran, Iran; Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, The Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Tehran, Iran
| | - Behzad Einollahi
- Nephrology and Urology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Baqiyatallah Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mona Dastgheib
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, The Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghasem Janbabaee
- Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Esmat Hosseini
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, The Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasrin Falah
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, The Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Tehran, Iran
| | - Fateme Abbasi
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, The Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Baharvand
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, The Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Tehran, Iran; Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, The Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasser Aghdami
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, The Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Tehran, Iran.
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Rivera-Valdés JJ, García-Bañuelos J, Salazar-Montes A, García-Benavides L, Rosales-Dominguez A, Armendáriz-Borunda J, Sandoval-Rodríguez A. Human adipose derived stem cells regress fibrosis in a chronic renal fibrotic model induced by adenine. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0187907. [PMID: 29281649 PMCID: PMC5744925 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0187907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS ADSCs transplantation had been shown in some experimental models of kidney damage that it improves kidney function and reduces fibrosis. In this study we evaluated the effect of human adipose tissue-derived stem cell (hADSC) therapy in a chronic kidney damage experimental model. METHODS A chronic kidney injury was induced by daily orogastric administration of adenine (100mg/kg) to male Wistar rats for 28 days. hADSCs were isolated, expanded and characterized before transplantation. hADSC administration was performed in a tail vein at a dose of 2 x106 cells/animal. Animals were sacrificed at 7 days post-treatment. The percentage of fibrotic tissue, serum and urine levels of urea, creatinine, total protein and renal mRNA of COL1A1, TGFB1, CTGF, ACTA2, IL6, IL10, TNF were analyzed. RESULTS hADSCs treatment significantly reduces kidney fibrosis, improves urea and creatinine serum and urine levels, and diminishes COL1A1, TGFB1, CTGF, ACTA2 mRNA kidney levels. CONCLUSIONS These results showed that cell therapy using hADSCs improves renal function and reduces fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan José Rivera-Valdés
- Institute for Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene Therapy, Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Jesus García-Bañuelos
- Institute for Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene Therapy, Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Adriana Salazar-Montes
- Institute for Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene Therapy, Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Leonel García-Benavides
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Tonala University Center, University of Guadalajara, Tonala, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Alfredo Rosales-Dominguez
- Chronic-Degenerative Diseases Institute, Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Juan Armendáriz-Borunda
- Institute for Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene Therapy, Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Ana Sandoval-Rodríguez
- Institute for Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene Therapy, Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
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18
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Effect of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell transplantation on vascular calcification in rats with adenine-induced kidney disease. Sci Rep 2017; 7:14036. [PMID: 29070880 PMCID: PMC5656613 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14492-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have investigated the use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to treat damaged kidneys. However, the effect of adipose-derived MSCs (ASCs) on vascular calcification in chronic kidney disease (CKD) is still poorly understood. In the present study, we explored the potential of ASCs for the treatment of CKD and vascular calcification. CKD was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats by feeding them a diet containing 0.75% adenine for 4 weeks. ASCs transplantation significantly reduced serum inorganic phosphorus (Pi) as compared to that in the control. The histopathology of the kidneys showed a greater dilation of tubular lumens and interstitial fibrosis in the control group. Calcium and Pi contents of the aorta in the ASCs transplantation group were lower than those in the control group. Von Kossa staining of the thoracic aorta media revealed that ASCs transplantation suppressed vascular calcification. Thus, this study revealed that autogenic ASCs transplantation inhibits kidney damage and suppresses the progression of vascular calcification in the CKD rat model, suggesting that autogenic ASCs transplantation is a novel approach for preventing the progression of CKD and vascular calcification.
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Khanh VC, Ohneda K, Kato T, Yamashita T, Sato F, Tachi K, Ohneda O. Uremic Toxins Affect the Imbalance of Redox State and Overexpression of Prolyl Hydroxylase 2 in Human Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Involved in Wound Healing. Stem Cells Dev 2017; 26:948-963. [PMID: 28537846 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2016.0326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) results in a delay in wound healing because of its complications such as uremia, anemia, and fluid overload. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are considered to be a candidate for wound healing because of the ability to recruit many types of cells. However, it is still unclear whether the CKD-adipose tissue-derived MSCs (CKD-AT-MSCs) have the same function in wound healing as healthy donor-derived normal AT-MSCs (nAT-MSCs). In this study, we found that uremic toxins induced elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) expression in nAT-MSCs, resulting in the reduced expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) under hypoxic conditions. Consistent with the uremic-treated AT-MSCs, there was a definite imbalance of redox state and high expression of ROS in CKD-AT-MSCs isolated from early-stage CKD patients. In addition, a transplantation study clearly revealed that nAT-MSCs promoted the recruitment of inflammatory cells and recovery from ischemia in the mouse flap model, whereas CKD-AT-MSCs had defective functions and the wound healing process was delayed. Of note, the expression of prolyl hydroxylase domain 2 (PHD2) is selectively increased in CKD-AT-MSCs and its inhibition can restore the expression of HIF-1α and the wound healing function of CKD-AT-MSCs. These results indicate that more studies about the functions of MSCs from CKD patients are required before they can be applied in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vuong Cat Khanh
- 1 Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Science, Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, University of Tsukuba , Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Kinuko Ohneda
- 2 Takasaki University of Health and Welfare Laboratory of Molecular Pathophysiology , Takasaki, Japan
| | - Toshiki Kato
- 1 Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Science, Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, University of Tsukuba , Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Toshiharu Yamashita
- 1 Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Science, Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, University of Tsukuba , Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Fujio Sato
- 3 Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Tsukuba , Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Kana Tachi
- 4 Department of Breast-Thyroid-Endocrine Surgery, University of Tsukuba , Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Osamu Ohneda
- 1 Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Science, Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, University of Tsukuba , Tsukuba, Japan
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20
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Collett JA, Traktuev DO, Mehrotra P, Crone A, Merfeld-Clauss S, March KL, Basile DP. Human adipose stromal cell therapy improves survival and reduces renal inflammation and capillary rarefaction in acute kidney injury. J Cell Mol Med 2017; 21:1420-1430. [PMID: 28455887 PMCID: PMC5487924 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Damage to endothelial cells contributes to acute kidney injury (AKI) by causing impaired perfusion, while the permanent loss of the capillary network following AKI has been suggested to promote chronic kidney disease. Therefore, strategies to protect renal vasculature may impact both short‐term recovery and long‐term functional preservation post‐AKI. Human adipose stromal cells (hASCs) possess pro‐angiogenic and anti‐inflammatory properties and therefore have been tested as a therapeutic agent to treat ischaemic conditions. This study evaluated hASC potential to facilitate recovery from AKI with specific attention to capillary preservation and inflammation. Male Sprague Dawley rats were subjected to bilateral ischaemia/reperfusion and allowed to recover for either two or seven days. At the time of reperfusion, hASCs or vehicle was injected into the suprarenal abdominal aorta. hASC‐treated rats had significantly greater survival compared to vehicle‐treated rats (88.7% versus 69.3%). hASC treatment showed hastened recovery as demonstrated by lower creatinine levels at 48 hrs, while tubular damage was significantly reduced at 48 hrs. hASC treatment resulted in a significant decrease in total T cell and Th17 cell infiltration into injured kidneys at 2 days post‐AKI, but an increase in accumulation of regulatory T cells. By day 7, hASC‐treated rats showed significantly attenuated capillary rarefaction in the cortex (15% versus 5%) and outer medulla (36% versus 18%) compared to vehicle‐treated rats as well as reduced accumulation of interstitial alpha‐smooth muscle actin‐positive myofibroblasts. These results suggest for the first time that hASCs improve recovery from I/R‐induced injury by mechanisms that contribute to decrease in inflammation and preservation of peritubular capillaries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason A Collett
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Krannert Institute of Cardiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indiana Center for Vascular Biology and Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Dmitry O Traktuev
- VA Center for Regenerative Medicine Indianapolis, Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Department of Medicine, Krannert Institute of Cardiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indiana Center for Vascular Biology and Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Purvi Mehrotra
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Krannert Institute of Cardiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indiana Center for Vascular Biology and Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Allison Crone
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Krannert Institute of Cardiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indiana Center for Vascular Biology and Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Stephanie Merfeld-Clauss
- VA Center for Regenerative Medicine Indianapolis, Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Department of Medicine, Krannert Institute of Cardiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indiana Center for Vascular Biology and Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Keith L March
- VA Center for Regenerative Medicine Indianapolis, Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Department of Medicine, Krannert Institute of Cardiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indiana Center for Vascular Biology and Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - David P Basile
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Krannert Institute of Cardiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indiana Center for Vascular Biology and Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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Zorzopulos J, Opal SM, Hernando-Insúa A, Rodriguez JM, Elías F, Fló J, López RA, Chasseing NA, Lux-Lantos VA, Coronel MF, Franco R, Montaner AD, Horn DL. Immunomodulatory oligonucleotide IMT504: Effects on mesenchymal stem cells as a first-in-class immunoprotective/immunoregenerative therapy. World J Stem Cells 2017; 9:45-67. [PMID: 28396715 PMCID: PMC5368622 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v9.i3.45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Revised: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The immune responses of humans and animals to insults (i.e., infections, traumas, tumoral transformation and radiation) are based on an intricate network of cells and chemical messengers. Abnormally high inflammation immediately after insult or abnormally prolonged pro-inflammatory stimuli bringing about chronic inflammation can lead to life-threatening or severely debilitating diseases. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplant has proved to be an effective therapy in preclinical studies which evaluated a vast diversity of inflammatory conditions. MSCs lead to resolution of inflammation, preparation for regeneration and actual regeneration, and then ultimate return to normal baseline or homeostasis. However, in clinical trials of transplanted MSCs, the expectations of great medical benefit have not yet been fulfilled. As a practical alternative to MSC transplant, a synthetic drug with the capacity to boost endogenous MSC expansion and/or activation may also be effective. Regarding this, IMT504, the prototype of a major class of immunomodulatory oligonucleotides, induces in vivo expansion of MSCs, resulting in a marked improvement in preclinical models of neuropathic pain, osteoporosis, diabetes and sepsis. IMT504 is easily manufactured and has an excellent preclinical safety record. In the small number of patients studied thus far, IMT504 has been well-tolerated, even at very high dosage. Further clinical investigation is necessary to demonstrate the utility of IMT504 for resolution of inflammation and regeneration in a broad array of human diseases that would likely benefit from an immunoprotective/immunoregenerative therapy.
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22
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Mohamed EM, Samak MA. Therapeutic potentials of mesenchymal stem cells on the renal cortex of experimentally induced hypertensive albino rats: Relevant role of Nrf2. Tissue Cell 2017; 49:358-367. [PMID: 28256256 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2017.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Revised: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Bone marrow derived-mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) have brought great attention in regenerative medicine field, various experimental & clinical trials were held to investigate their therapeutic effects in different disorders. We designed a histological & immunohistochemical study to evaluate effectiveness of MSCs therapy in withhold of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) secondary to hypertension which has become a growing & striking public health problem. 30 adult male albino rats were utilized, 20 of them were exposed to experimental induction of hypertension, then divided equally to MSCs treated group (injected with 1×106 fluorescent labeled cell i.v./rat), while the second one was left without treatment. Renal specimens were subjected to histopathological, ultrastructural and immunohistochemical examination for Nrf2 in addition to biochemical estimation of serum urea & creatinine. Our results documented that BM-derived MSCs exerts considerable reversing effect of histopathologic and ultrastructural hypertensive nephropathy. Moreover, immunohistochemical results clearly pointed to relevant role of Nrf2 pathway in MSCs related renal therapeutic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman M Mohamed
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | - Mai A Samak
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt.
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23
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Collett JA, Mehrotra P, Crone A, Shelley WC, Yoder MC, Basile DP. Endothelial colony-forming cells ameliorate endothelial dysfunction via secreted factors following ischemia-reperfusion injury. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2017; 312:F897-F907. [PMID: 28228404 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00643.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Revised: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Damage to endothelial cells contributes to acute kidney injury (AKI) by leading to impaired perfusion. Endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFC) are endothelial precursor cells with high proliferative capacity, pro-angiogenic activity, and in vivo vessel forming potential. We hypothesized that ECFC may ameliorate the degree of AKI and/or promote repair of the renal vasculature following ischemia-reperfusion (I/R). Rat pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (PMVEC) with high proliferative potential were compared with pulmonary artery endothelial cells (PAEC) with low proliferative potential in rats subjected to renal I/R. PMVEC administration reduced renal injury and hastened recovery as indicated by serum creatinine and tubular injury scores, while PAEC did not. Vehicle-treated control animals showed consistent reductions in renal medullary blood flow (MBF) within 2 h of reperfusion, while PMVEC protected against loss in MBF as measured by laser Doppler. Interestingly, PMVEC mediated protection occurred in the absence of homing to the kidney. Conditioned medium (CM) from human cultured cord blood ECFC also conveyed beneficial effects against I/R injury and loss of MBF. Moreover, ECFC-CM significantly reduced the expression of ICAM-1 and decreased the number of differentiated lymphocytes typically recruited into the kidney following renal ischemia. Taken together, these data suggest that ECFC secrete factors that preserve renal function post ischemia, in part, by preserving microvascular function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason A Collett
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana; and
| | - Purvi Mehrotra
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana; and
| | - Allison Crone
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana; and
| | - W Christopher Shelley
- Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Mervin C Yoder
- Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - David P Basile
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana; and
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24
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Vidane AS, Pinheiro AO, Casals JB, Passarelli D, Hage MCFNS, Bueno RS, Martins DS, Ambrósio CE. Transplantation of amniotic membrane-derived multipotent cells ameliorates and delays the progression of chronic kidney disease in cats. Reprod Domest Anim 2016; 52 Suppl 2:316-326. [DOI: 10.1111/rda.12846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- AS Vidane
- Department of Surgery; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science; University of São Paulo; São Paulo SP Brazil
| | - AO Pinheiro
- Department of Veterinary Medicine; Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering; University of São Paulo; Pirassununga SP Brazil
| | - JB Casals
- Department of Surgery; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science; University of São Paulo; São Paulo SP Brazil
| | - D Passarelli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine; Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering; University of São Paulo; Pirassununga SP Brazil
| | - MCFNS Hage
- Department of Veterinary Medicine; Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering; University of São Paulo; Pirassununga SP Brazil
| | - RS Bueno
- Department of Basic Science; Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering; University of São Paulo; Pirassununga SP Brazil
| | - DS Martins
- Department of Veterinary Medicine; Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering; University of São Paulo; Pirassununga SP Brazil
| | - CE Ambrósio
- Department of Veterinary Medicine; Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering; University of São Paulo; Pirassununga SP Brazil
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25
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Zou X, Gu D, Zhang G, Zhong L, Cheng Z, Liu G, Zhu Y. NK Cell Regulatory Property is Involved in the Protective Role of MSC-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Renal Ischemic Reperfusion Injury. Hum Gene Ther 2016; 27:926-935. [PMID: 27510907 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2016.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunomodulation has been regarded as an important therapeutic aspect of mesenchymal stromal cell-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) in renal ischemic reperfusion injury (IRI), and the specific mechanism still unclear. Here, we attempt to test the function of human MSC-EVs on renal IRI by targeting the natural killer (NK) cells and to investigate the possible mechanism. Data indicated that EVs decreased NK cells in spleen and ischemic kidney. Both the EVs and antibody-dependent depletion of NK cells displayed a protective role in IRI rats. Moreover, the splenectomy model was established to evaluate the role of spleen in this process. It showed that the NK cell regulatory ability and renal protective effects by EVs still exist without spleen, which is unlike MSC properties published previously. Further, the down-regulation of chemokines in injured kidney and the delivery of RNAs through EVs in vitro were also observed. Through the microRNA array test, various inflammation-related microRNAs highly expressed in MSC-EVs compared with fibroblast EVs were tested. Thus, these results indicated that MSC-EVs could ameliorate renal ischemic reperfusion injury by decreasing NK cells and the spleen is not necessary in this process. The regulation of chemokines in injured kidney was the other factor, and the transfer of various microRNAs in the MSC-EVs may be involved. This provides direction for future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Zou
- 1 Department of Urology, Shanghai First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai, China
| | - Di Gu
- 1 Department of Urology, Shanghai First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai, China
| | - Guangyuan Zhang
- 1 Department of Urology, Shanghai First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai, China.,2 Department of Urology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University , Nanjing, China
| | - Liang Zhong
- 3 Department of Urology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai, China
| | | | - Guohua Liu
- 1 Department of Urology, Shanghai First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai, China
| | - Yingjian Zhu
- 1 Department of Urology, Shanghai First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai, China
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Fu Q, Colgan SP, Shelley CS. Hypoxia: The Force that Drives Chronic Kidney Disease. Clin Med Res 2016; 14:15-39. [PMID: 26847481 PMCID: PMC4851450 DOI: 10.3121/cmr.2015.1282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In the United States the prevalence of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) reached epidemic proportions in 2012 with over 600,000 patients being treated. The rates of ESRD among the elderly are disproportionally high. Consequently, as life expectancy increases and the baby-boom generation reaches retirement age, the already heavy burden imposed by ESRD on the US health care system is set to increase dramatically. ESRD represents the terminal stage of chronic kidney disease (CKD). A large body of evidence indicating that CKD is driven by renal tissue hypoxia has led to the development of therapeutic strategies that increase kidney oxygenation and the contention that chronic hypoxia is the final common pathway to end-stage renal failure. Numerous studies have demonstrated that one of the most potent means by which hypoxic conditions within the kidney produce CKD is by inducing a sustained inflammatory attack by infiltrating leukocytes. Indispensable to this attack is the acquisition by leukocytes of an adhesive phenotype. It was thought that this process resulted exclusively from leukocytes responding to cytokines released from ischemic renal endothelium. However, recently it has been demonstrated that leukocytes also become activated independent of the hypoxic response of endothelial cells. It was found that this endothelium-independent mechanism involves leukocytes directly sensing hypoxia and responding by transcriptional induction of the genes that encode the β2-integrin family of adhesion molecules. This induction likely maintains the long-term inflammation by which hypoxia drives the pathogenesis of CKD. Consequently, targeting these transcriptional mechanisms would appear to represent a promising new therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiangwei Fu
- Kabara Cancer Research Institute, La Crosse, WI
| | - Sean P Colgan
- Mucosal Inflammation Program and University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
| | - Carl Simon Shelley
- University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
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Guo DL, Wang ZG, Xiong LK, Pan LY, Zhu Q, Yuan YF, Liu ZS. Hepatogenic differentiation from human adipose-derived stem cells and application for mouse acute liver injury. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 45:224-232. [PMID: 26838674 DOI: 10.3109/21691401.2016.1138495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- De-Liang Guo
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, the First People's Hospital of Jingmen, Jingmen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Gang Wang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, the First People's Hospital of Jingmen, Jingmen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liang-Kun Xiong
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Le-Yu Pan
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, the First People's Hospital of Jingmen, Jingmen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qian Zhu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, the First People's Hospital of Jingmen, Jingmen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu-Feng Yuan
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Su Liu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
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Quimby JM, Webb TL, Randall E, Marolf A, Valdes-Martinez A, Dow SW. Assessment of intravenous adipose-derived allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells for the treatment of feline chronic kidney disease: a randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial in eight cats. J Feline Med Surg 2016; 18:165-71. [PMID: 25784460 PMCID: PMC11149004 DOI: 10.1177/1098612x15576980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Feline chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis, and inflammation contributes to the progression of renal fibrosis. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have demonstrated anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic effects in rodent CKD models. However, few randomized trials evaluating the effectiveness of MSC therapy for diseases in companion animals have been reported. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of allogeneic MSCs for the treatment of feline CKD using a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. METHODS MSCs were isolated from the cryopreserved adipose tissues of specific pathogen-free research cats and culture expanded. CKD cats were enrolled in a randomized, placebo-controlled, blinded one-way crossover clinical study. Four CKD cats were randomized to receive 2 × 10(6) MSCs/kg intravenously at 2, 4 and 6 weeks. Four CKD cats were randomized to receive placebo, with two cats crossing over to the MSC treatment group and one cat failing to complete the trial. Complete blood counts, chemistry and urinalysis were performed at weeks 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) via nuclear scintigraphy and urine protein:creatinine ratio (UPC) were determined at weeks 0 and 8. RESULTS Six cats received three doses of allogeneic MSC culture expanded from cryopreserved adipose without adverse effects. No significant change in serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus, GFR by nuclear scintigraphy, UPC or packed cell volume was seen in cats treated with MSCs. Individual changes in GFR were 12%, 8%, 8%, 2%, -13% and -67% in treated cats compared with 16%, 36% and 0% in placebo-treated cats. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE While administration of MSC culture expanded from cryopreserved adipose was not associated with adverse effects, significant improvement in renal function was not observed immediately after administration. Long-term follow-up is necessary to determine whether MSC administration affects disease progression in cats with CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica M Quimby
- Center for Immune and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Tracy L Webb
- Center for Immune and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Elissa Randall
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Angela Marolf
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Alex Valdes-Martinez
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA Current address: AV Veterinary Radiology, Denver, CO 80202, USA
| | - Steve W Dow
- Center for Immune and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
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Wharton's Jelly-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Fibroblast-Derived Extracellular Matrix Synergistically Activate Apoptosis in a p21-Dependent Mechanism in WHCO1 and MDA MB 231 Cancer Cells In Vitro. Stem Cells Int 2016; 2016:4842134. [PMID: 26880967 PMCID: PMC4737007 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4842134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2015] [Revised: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 12/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumour microenvironment plays a crucial role in tumour progression and comprises tumour stroma which is made up of different cell types and the extracellular matrix (ECM). Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are part of the tumour stroma and may have conflicting effects on tumour growth. In this study we investigated the effect of Wharton's Jelly-derived MSCs (WJ-MSCs) and a fibroblast-derived ECM (fd-ECM) on esophageal (WHCO1) and breast (MDA MB 231) cancer cells in vitro. Both WJ-MSCs and the fd-ECM, alone or in combination, downregulate PCNA, cyclin D1, Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, and MMPs and upregulate p53 and p21. p21 induction resulted in G2 phase cell cycle arrest and induced apoptosis in vitro. Our data suggest that p21 induction is via p53-dependent and p53-independent mechanisms in WHCO1 and MDA MB 231 cells, respectively. Vascular endothelial growth factor, Akt, and Nodal pathways were downregulated in cancer cells cocultured with WJ-MSCs. We also demonstrate that WJ-MSCs effects on cancer cells appear to be short-lived whilst the fd-ECM effect is long-lived. This study shows the influence of tumour microenvironment on cancer cell behaviour and provides alternative therapeutic targets for potential regulation of tumour cells.
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Ardeshirylajimi A, Rafeie F, Zandi-Karimi A, Jaffarabadi GA, Mohammadi-Sangcheshmeh A, Samiei R, Toghdory A, Seyedjafari E, Hashemi SM, Cinar MU, Gastal EL. Fat harvesting site is an important determinant of proliferation and pluripotency of adipose-derived stem cells. Biologicals 2015; 44:12-8. [PMID: 26673522 DOI: 10.1016/j.biologicals.2015.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2015] [Revised: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
To define the optimal fat harvest site and detect any potential differences in adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) proliferation properties in camels, aspirates from the abdomen and hump sites were compared. Obtained results revealed that ASCs from both abdomen and hump exhibited spindle-shaped and fibroblast-like morphology with hump-derived ASCs being smaller in size and narrower in overall appearance than abdominal ASCs. Abdominal ASCs required a greater time for proliferation than the hump-derived cells. These results were further confirmed with a tetrazolium-based colorimetric assay (MTT) which showed a greater cell proliferation rate for hump ASCs than for the abdomen. Under inductive conditions, ASCs from both abdominal and hump fat deposits maintained their lineage differentiation potential into adipogenic, chondrogenic, and osteogenic lineages during subsequent passages without any qualitative difference. However, expression of alkaline phosphatase was higher in osteogenic differentiated cells from the hump compared with those of the abdomen. Moreover, the increase in calcium content in hump-derived stem cells was higher than that in abdominal-derived stem cells. In conclusion, our findings revealed that ASCs can be obtained from different anatomical locations, although ASCs from the hump fat region may be the ideal stem cell sources for use in cell-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Farjad Rafeie
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | | | | | | | - Rahmat Samiei
- Jahad-Agriculture Organization of Golestan Province, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Abdolhakim Toghdory
- Department of Animal Science, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Ehsan Seyedjafari
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mahmoud Hashemi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehmet Ulas Cinar
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Eduardo L Gastal
- Department of Animal Science, Food and Nutrition, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, USA
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Bi L, Hou R, Yang D, Zhao D, Li S, Zhao J, Zhang HE. Effect of bone marrow stem cell mobilisation on the expression levels of cellular growth factors in a rat model of acute tubular necrosis. Exp Ther Med 2015; 10:618-624. [PMID: 26622364 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2015.2574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2014] [Accepted: 09/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to observe the mobilisation effects of stem cell factor (SCF) and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) on bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) in rats with renal ischaemia-reperfusion injury. In addition, the effects of the BMSCs on the expression levels of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) were investigated, with the aim to further the understanding of the protective mechanisms of SCF and G-CSF in renal ischaemia-reperfusion injury. The model and treatment groups were established using a model of unilateral renal ischaemia-reperfusion injury, in which the treatment group and the treatment control group were subcutaneously injected once a day with 200 µg/kg SCF and 50 µg/kg G-CSF, 24 h after the modelling, for five consecutive days. The CD34+ cell count was measured in the peripheral blood using flow cytometry. The mRNA expression levels of HGF and EGF were determined using polymerase chain reaction analysis, while the protein expression levels of HGF and EGF were detected using immunohistochemistry. The CD34+ cell count in the peripheral blood of the treatment and treatment control groups was significantly higher compared with that in the model group (P<0.05). However, CD34 expression levels in the cells from the renal tissues of the model and treatment groups were significantly higher compared with that of the control and treatment control groups (P<0.05), with the greatest increase observed in the treatment group. The mRNA and protein expression levels of HGF and EGF in the treatment group were significantly higher compared with the model group (P<0.05). Therefore, the results indicated that a combination of SCF and G-CSF can promote the repair of acute tubular necrosis. This combination, which can mobilise sufficient numbers of BMSCs to migrate back to the injured site, is a key factor in promoting the repair of renal tubular injury. Upregulation of HGF and EGF was also shown to promote the repair of renal tubular injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyun Bi
- Department of Paediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, Henan 453100, P.R. China
| | - Ruanling Hou
- Physiological Laboratory, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453000, P.R. China
| | - Dasheng Yang
- Department of Paediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, Henan 453100, P.R. China
| | - Dean Zhao
- Department of Paediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, Henan 453100, P.R. China
| | - Shujun Li
- Department of Paediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, Henan 453100, P.R. China
| | - Jingli Zhao
- Department of Paediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, Henan 453100, P.R. China
| | - H E Zhang
- Department of Paediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, Henan 453100, P.R. China
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Chen CL, Chou KJ, Fang HC, Hsu CY, Huang WC, Huang CW, Huang CK, Chen HY, Lee PT. Progenitor-like cells derived from mouse kidney protect against renal fibrosis in a remnant kidney model via decreased endothelial mesenchymal transition. Stem Cell Res Ther 2015; 6:239. [PMID: 26631265 PMCID: PMC4668678 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-015-0241-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Revised: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Pathophysiological changes associated with chronic kidney disease impair angiogenic processes and increase renal fibrosis. Progenitor-like cells derived from adult kidney have been previously used to promote regeneration in acute kidney injury, even though it remained unclear whether the cells could be beneficial in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Methods In this study, we established a CKD model by five-sixths nephrectomy and mouse kidney progenitor-like cells (MKPCs) were intravenously administered weekly for 5 weeks after establishing CKD. We examined the impact of MKPCs on the progression of renal fibrosis and the potential of MKPCs to preserve the angiogenic process and prevent endothelial mesenchymal transition in vivo and in vitro. Results Our results demonstrate that the MKPCs delayed interstitial fibrosis and the progression of glomerular sclerosis and ameliorated the decline of kidney function. At 17 weeks, the treated mice exhibited lower blood pressures, higher hematocrit levels, and larger kidney sizes than the control mice. In addition, the MKPC treatment prolonged the survival of the mice with chronic kidney injuries. We observed a decreased recruitment of macrophages and myofibroblasts in the interstitium and the increased tubular proliferation. Notably, MKPC both decreased the level of vascular rarefaction and prevented endothelial mesenchymal transition (EndoMT) in the remnant kidneys. Moreover, the conditioned medium from the MKPCs ameliorated endothelial cell death under hypoxic culture conditions and prevented TGF-β-induced EndoMT through downregulation of phosphorylated Smad 3 in vitro. Conclusions MKPCs may be a beneficial treatment for kidney diseases characterized by progressive renal fibrosis. The enhanced preservation of angiogenic processes following MKPC injections may be associated with decreased fibrosis in the remnant kidney. These findings provide further understanding of the mechanisms involved in these processes and will help develop new cell-based therapeutic strategies for regenerative medicine in renal fibrosis. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13287-015-0241-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- C L Chen
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, 386 Ta-Chung 1st Rd, Kaohsiung, 813, Taiwan.
| | - K J Chou
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, 386 Ta-Chung 1st Rd, Kaohsiung, 813, Taiwan.
| | - H C Fang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, 386 Ta-Chung 1st Rd, Kaohsiung, 813, Taiwan.
| | - C Y Hsu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, 386 Ta-Chung 1st Rd, Kaohsiung, 813, Taiwan.
| | - W C Huang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, 386 Ta-Chung 1st Rd, Kaohsiung, 813, Taiwan.
| | - C W Huang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, 386 Ta-Chung 1st Rd, Kaohsiung, 813, Taiwan.
| | - C K Huang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, 386 Ta-Chung 1st Rd, Kaohsiung, 813, Taiwan.
| | - H Y Chen
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, 386 Ta-Chung 1st Rd, Kaohsiung, 813, Taiwan.
| | - P T Lee
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, 386 Ta-Chung 1st Rd, Kaohsiung, 813, Taiwan.
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Bruce AT, Ilagan RM, Guthrie KI, Rivera E, Choudhury S, Sangha N, Spencer T, Bertram TA, Jain D, Kelley RW, Basu J. Selected renal cells modulate disease progression in rodent models of chronic kidney disease via NF-κB and TGF-β1 pathways. Regen Med 2015; 10:815-39. [PMID: 26568079 DOI: 10.2217/rme.15.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Identification of mechanistic pathways for selected renal cell (SRC) therapeutic bioactivity in rodent models of chronic kidney disease. MATERIALS & METHODS In vivo and in vitro functional bioassays applied to investigate regenerative outcomes associated with delivery of SRC to diseased rodent kidney. RESULTS In vivo, SRC reduces chronic infiltration by monocytes/macrophages. SRC attenuates NF-κB and PAI-1 responses while simultaneously promoting host tubular cell expansion through trophic cues. In vitro, SRC-derived conditioned media attenuates TNF-α-induced NF-κB response, TGF-β-mediated PAI-1 response and increases expression of transcripts associated with cell cycle regulation. Observed bioactive responses were from vesicle and nonvesicle-associated factors, including specific miRNAs. CONCLUSION We identify a paracrine mechanism for SRC immunomodulatory and trophic cues on host renal tissues, catalyzing long-term functional benefits in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew T Bruce
- Regenerative Medicine, United Therapeutics, 55 TW Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.,Tengion, Inc., 3929 Westpoint Blvd, Ste G, Winston-Salem, NC 27103, USA
| | - Roger M Ilagan
- Regenerative Medicine, United Therapeutics, 55 TW Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.,Tengion, Inc., 3929 Westpoint Blvd, Ste G, Winston-Salem, NC 27103, USA
| | - Kelly I Guthrie
- Regenerative Medicine, United Therapeutics, 55 TW Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.,Tengion, Inc., 3929 Westpoint Blvd, Ste G, Winston-Salem, NC 27103, USA
| | - Elias Rivera
- Tengion, Inc., 3929 Westpoint Blvd, Ste G, Winston-Salem, NC 27103, USA.,Infinium Pathology Consultants LLC, 1805 Wild Fern Dr., Oak Ridge, NC 27310, USA
| | - Sumana Choudhury
- Tengion, Inc., 3929 Westpoint Blvd, Ste G, Winston-Salem, NC 27103, USA.,Gene Therapy Center, Vector Core, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27617, USA
| | - Namrata Sangha
- Tengion, Inc., 3929 Westpoint Blvd, Ste G, Winston-Salem, NC 27103, USA.,Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Centre Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Thomas Spencer
- Tengion, Inc., 3929 Westpoint Blvd, Ste G, Winston-Salem, NC 27103, USA.,RegenMedTX LLC, 3929 Westpoint Blvd, Ste G, Winston-Salem, NC 27103, USA
| | - Timothy A Bertram
- Tengion, Inc., 3929 Westpoint Blvd, Ste G, Winston-Salem, NC 27103, USA.,RegenMedTX LLC, 3929 Westpoint Blvd, Ste G, Winston-Salem, NC 27103, USA
| | - Deepak Jain
- Tengion, Inc., 3929 Westpoint Blvd, Ste G, Winston-Salem, NC 27103, USA.,RegenMedTX LLC, 3929 Westpoint Blvd, Ste G, Winston-Salem, NC 27103, USA
| | - Russell W Kelley
- Tengion, Inc., 3929 Westpoint Blvd, Ste G, Winston-Salem, NC 27103, USA.,Burroughs Wellcome Fund, 21 TW Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Joydeep Basu
- Tengion, Inc., 3929 Westpoint Blvd, Ste G, Winston-Salem, NC 27103, USA.,RegenMedTX LLC, 3929 Westpoint Blvd, Ste G, Winston-Salem, NC 27103, USA
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Zomer HD, Vidane AS, Gonçalves NN, Ambrósio CE. Mesenchymal and induced pluripotent stem cells: general insights and clinical perspectives. STEM CELLS AND CLONING-ADVANCES AND APPLICATIONS 2015; 8:125-34. [PMID: 26451119 PMCID: PMC4592031 DOI: 10.2147/sccaa.s88036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells have awakened a great deal of interest in regenerative medicine due to their plasticity, and immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties. They are high-yield and can be acquired through noninvasive methods from adult tissues. Moreover, they are nontumorigenic and are the most widely studied. On the other hand, induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells can be derived directly from adult cells through gene reprogramming. The new iPS technology avoids the embryo destruction or manipulation to generate pluripotent cells, therefore, are exempt from ethical implication surrounding embryonic stem cell use. The pre-differentiation of iPS cells ensures the safety of future approaches. Both mesenchymal stem cells and iPS cells can be used for autologous cell transplantations without the risk of immune rejection and represent a great opportunity for future alternative therapies. In this review we discussed the therapeutic perspectives using mesenchymal and iPS cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena D Zomer
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Atanásio S Vidane
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Natalia N Gonçalves
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Carlos E Ambrósio
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Sciences and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil
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Santoro D, Pellicanò V, Visconti L, Trifirò G, Buemi M, Cernaro V. An overview of experimental and early investigational therapies for the treatment of polycystic kidney disease. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2015; 24:1199-218. [PMID: 26125126 DOI: 10.1517/13543784.2015.1059421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION At present, treatment of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is essentially supportive as there is still no specific therapy. However, recent advances with ADPKD pathophysiology have stimulated research for new therapeutic strategies. AREAS COVERED The aim of this systematic review is to analyze the experimental and early investigational therapies currently under evaluation in this field. Data from completed clinical trials were retrieved from the currently available scientific literature and from the ClinicalTrials.gov website. EXPERT OPINION Among the drugs currently being explored, mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors reduce kidney volume enlargement but their role remains uncertain. The most promising drug is the V2 receptor antagonist tolvaptan, which reduces the increased rate of total kidney volume and slows down glomerular filtration rate decline. The main candidates for the treatment of cysts growth, both in the kidney and in the liver whenever present, are the somatostatin analogues, such as lanreotide and octreotide and more recently pasireotide. As for other therapies, some favorable results have been achieved but data are still not sufficient to establish if these approaches may be beneficial in slowing ADPKD progression in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Santoro
- University of Messina, AOU G. Martino PAD C, Department of Internal Medicine and Pharmacology , Via Consolare Valeria, 98100 Messina , Italy +39 090 2212331 ; +39 090 2212331 ;
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Novel treatment strategies for feline chronic kidney disease: A critical look at the potential of mesenchymal stem cell therapy. Vet J 2015; 204:241-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2015.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Revised: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 04/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Interventional urology: endourology in small animal veterinary medicine. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2015; 45:825-55. [PMID: 26002798 DOI: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2015.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The use of novel image-guided techniques in veterinary medicine has become more widespread, especially in urologic diseases. With the common incidence of urinary tract obstructions, stones disease, renal disease, and urothelial malignancies, combined with the recognized invasiveness and morbidity associated with traditional surgical techniques, the use of minimally invasive alternatives using interventional radiology and interventional endoscopy techniques has become incredibly appealing to owners and clinicians. This article provides a brief overview of some of the most common procedures done in endourology in veterinary medicine to date, providing as much evidence-based medicine as possible when comparing with traditional surgical alternatives.
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β-Catenin-Dependent Signaling Pathway Contributes to Renal Fibrosis in Hypertensive Rats. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:726012. [PMID: 25945342 PMCID: PMC4405227 DOI: 10.1155/2015/726012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2014] [Revised: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The mechanism of hypertension-induced renal fibrosis is not well understood, although it is established that high levels of angiotensin II contribute to the effect. Since β-catenin signal transduction participates in fibrotic processes, we evaluated the contribution of β-catenin-dependent signaling pathway in hypertension-induced renal fibrosis. Two-kidney one-clip (2K1C) hypertensive rats were treated with lisinopril (10 mg/kg/day for four weeks) or with pyrvinium pamoate (Wnt signaling inhibitor, single dose of 60 ug/kg, every 3 days for 2 weeks). The treatment with lisinopril reduced the systolic blood pressure from 220 ± 4 in 2K1C rats to 112 ± 5 mmHg (P < 0.05), whereas the reduction in blood pressure with pyrvinium pamoate was not significant (212 ± 6 in 2K1C rats to 170 ± 3 mmHg, P > 0.05). The levels of collagen types I and III, osteopontin, and fibronectin decreased in the unclipped kidney in both treatments compared with 2K1C rats. The expressions of β-catenin, p-Ser9-GSK-3beta, and the β-catenin target genes cyclin D1, c-myc, and bcl-2 significantly decreased in unclipped kidney in both treatments (P < 0.05). In this study we provided evidence that β-catenin-dependent signaling pathway participates in the renal fibrosis induced in 2K1C rats.
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Zhao Y, Jiang H, Liu XW, Xiang LB, Zhou DP, Chen JT. MiR-124 promotes bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells differentiation into neurogenic cells for accelerating recovery in the spinal cord injury. Tissue Cell 2015; 47:140-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2015.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Revised: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Papazova DA, Oosterhuis NR, Gremmels H, van Koppen A, Joles JA, Verhaar MC. Cell-based therapies for experimental chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Dis Model Mech 2015; 8:281-93. [PMID: 25633980 PMCID: PMC4348565 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.017699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell-based therapy is a promising strategy for treating chronic kidney disease (CKD) and is currently the focus of preclinical studies. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy of cell-based therapy in preclinical (animal) studies of CKD, and determined factors affecting cell-based therapy efficacy in order to guide future clinical trials. In total, 71 articles met the inclusion criteria. Standardised mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated for outcome parameters including plasma urea, plasma creatinine, urinary protein, blood pressure, glomerular filtration rate, glomerulosclerosis and interstitial fibrosis. Sub-analysis for each outcome measure was performed for model-related factors (species, gender, model and timing of therapy) and cell-related factors (cell type, condition and origin, administration route and regime of therapy). Overall, meta-analysis showed that cell-based therapy reduced the development and progression of CKD. This was most prominent for urinary protein (SMD, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.00–1.68) and urea (1.09; 0.66–1.51), both P<0.001. Changes in plasma urea were associated with changes in both glomerulosclerosis and interstitial fibrosis. Sub-analysis showed that cell type (bone-marrow-derived progenitors and mesenchymal stromal cells being most effective) and administration route (intravenous or renal artery injection) were significant predictors of therapeutic efficacy. The timing of therapy in relation to clinical manifestation of disease, and cell origin and dose, were not associated with efficacy. Our meta-analysis confirms that cell-based therapies improve impaired renal function and morphology in preclinical models of CKD. Our analyses can be used to optimise experimental interventions and thus support both improved preclinical research and development of cell-based therapeutic interventions in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana A Papazova
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Centre Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Nynke R Oosterhuis
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Centre Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Hendrik Gremmels
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Centre Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Arianne van Koppen
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Centre Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jaap A Joles
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Centre Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marianne C Verhaar
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Centre Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Bruno S, Chiabotto G, Camussi G. Concise review: different mesenchymal stromal/stem cell populations reside in the adult kidney. Stem Cells Transl Med 2014; 3:1451-5. [PMID: 25355731 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2014-0142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
During fetal life, mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) surround glomeruli and tubules and contribute to the development of the renal interstitium by secretion of growth factors that drive nephron differentiation. In the adult, an MSC-like population has been demonstrated in different compartments of human and murine nephrons. After injury, these cells might provide support for kidney regeneration by recapitulating the role they have in embryonic life. In this short review, we discuss the evidence of an MSC presence within the adult kidney and their potential contribution to the turnover of renal cells and injury repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Bruno
- Departments of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Science and Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Giulia Chiabotto
- Departments of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Science and Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Giovanni Camussi
- Departments of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Science and Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
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Neurogenic differentiation from adipose-derived stem cells and application for autologous transplantation in spinal cord injury. Cell Tissue Bank 2014; 16:335-42. [PMID: 25330756 DOI: 10.1007/s10561-014-9476-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells derived from adipose tissue have the capacity to differentiate into endodermal, mesoderm and ectodermal cell lineages in vitro, which are an ideal engraft in tissue-engineered repair. In this study, mouse adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) were isolated from subcutaneous fat. The markers of ADSCs, CD13, CD29, CD44, CD71, CD73, CD90, CD105, CD166, Nestin, GFAP and MAP-2 were detected by immunofluorescence assays. The ADSCs were cultured in cocktail factors (including ATRA, GGF-2, bFGF, PDGF and forskolin) for neurogenic differentiation. The neurogenic cells markers, Nestin, GFAP and MAP-2 were analyzed using immunofluorescence and real-time PCR after dramatic changes in morphology. Neurogenic cells from ADSCs were autologous transplanted into the mouse of spinal cord injury for observation neurogenic cells colonization in spinal cord. The result demonstrated that the mouse ADSCs were positive for the CD13, CD29, CD44, CD71, CD73, CD90, CD105 and CD166 but negative for neurogenic cell markers, MAP-2, GFAP and Nestin. After neurogenic differentiation, the neurogenic cells were positive for neurogenic cell special markers, gene expression level showed a time-lapse increase, and the cells were successful colonized into spinal cord. In conclusion, our research shows that a population of neuronal cells can be specifically generated from ADSCs and that induced cells may allow for participation in tissue-repair.
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Stuart MJ, Pattavilakom A. Clinically relevant aspects of stem cell technologies: current state of play. ANZ J Surg 2014; 85:615-9. [PMID: 25267417 DOI: 10.1111/ans.12864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of stem cell technologies and their potential applications in regenerative medicine have generated immense interest by both the lay public and clinicians. Unproven and unregulated cell-based therapies are commercially available both in Australia and internationally, and reports of patient uptake (stem cell tourism) and associated morbidity are increasingly frequent. Clinicians in all fields will require an enhanced understanding of the basic science principles and current state of play in regenerative medicine in order to effectively counsel patients regarding these therapies in the setting of both commercial ventures and clinical trials. This review aims to concisely highlight the key clinically pertinent features of these trials and briefly discuss the specific therapeutic potential, mechanism of action and risks associated with these variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Stuart
- Department of Neurosurgery, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Ndisang JF, Tiwari S. Mechanisms by which heme oxygenase rescue renal dysfunction in obesity. Redox Biol 2014; 2:1029-37. [PMID: 25460740 PMCID: PMC4215395 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2014.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Revised: 09/03/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity and excessive inflammation/oxidative stress are pathophysiological forces associated with kidney dysfunction. Although we recently showed that heme-oxygenase (HO) improves renal functions, the mechanisms are largely unclear. Moreover, the effects of the HO-system on podocyte cytoskeletal proteins like podocin, podocalyxin, CD2-associated-protein (CD2AP) and proteins of regeneration/repair like beta-catenin, Oct3/4, WT1 and Pax2 in renal tissue from normoglycemic obese Zucker-fatty rats (ZFs) have not been reported. Treatment with hemin reduced renal histo-pathological lesions including glomerular-hypertrophy, tubular-cast, tubular-atrophy and mononuclear cell-infiltration in ZFs. These were associated with enhanced expression of beta-catenin, Oct3/4, WT1, Pax2 and nephrin, an essential transmembrane protein required for the formation of the scaffoldings of the podocyte slit-diaphragm, permitting the filtration of small ions, but not massive excretion of proteins, hence proteinuria. Besides nephrin, hemin also enhanced other important podocyte-regulators including, podocalyxin, podocin and CD2AP. Correspondingly, important markers of renal dysfunction such as albuminuria and proteinuria were reduced, while creatinine clearance increased, suggesting improved renal function in hemin-treated ZFs. The renoprotection by hemin was accompanied by the reduction of inflammatory/oxidative mediators including, macrophage-inflammatory-protein-1α, macrophage-chemoattractant-protein-1 and 8-isoprostane, whereas HO-1, HO-activity and the total-anti-oxidant-capacity increased. Contrarily, the HO-inhibitor, stannous-mesoporphyrin nullified the reno-protection by hemin. Collectively, these data suggest that hemin ameliorates nephropathy by potentiating the expression of proteins of repair/regeneration, abating oxidative/inflammatory mediators, reducing renal histo-pathological lesions, while enhancing nephrin, podocin, podocalyxin, CD2AP and creatinine clearance, with corresponding reduction of albuminuria/proteinuria suggesting improved renal function in hemin-treated ZFs. Importantly, the concomitant potentiation regeneration proteins and podocyte cytoskeletal proteins are novel mechanisms by which hemin rescue nephropathy in obesity. Renal dysfunction is common in obesity. Novel mechanisms by which heme-oxygenase (HO) rescue kidney failure are unveiled. HO enhance podocyte cytoskeletal proteins like podocin, podocalyxin and CD2AP. HO enhance proteins of regeneration/repair like beta-catenin, Oct3/4, WT1 and Pax2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Fomusi Ndisang
- Department of Physiology, University of Saskatchewan College of Medicine, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK, Canada S7N 5E5.
| | - Shuchita Tiwari
- Department of Physiology, University of Saskatchewan College of Medicine, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK, Canada S7N 5E5
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Ndisang JF, Tiwari S. Featured article: induction of heme oxygenase with hemin improves pericardial adipocyte morphology and function in obese Zucker rats by enhancing proteins of regeneration. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2014; 240:45-57. [PMID: 25053781 DOI: 10.1177/1535370214544268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress and inflammation are implicated in tissue remodeling, hypertrophy, and organ malfunction. Since heme-oxygenase (HO) is a cytoprotective enzyme with effects against oxidative stress and inflammation, we investigated the effects of upregulating HO with hemin on adipocyte hypertrophy, proteins of repair/regeneration including beta-catenin, Oct3/4 and Pax2 as well as pro-fibrotic/remodeling proteins like osteopontin and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) in pericardial adipose tissue from obese Zucker rats (ZRs). Treatment with hemin significantly reduced pericardial adipose tissue inflammation/oxidative stress, suppressed osteopontin and TGF-β, and attenuated pericardial adipocyte hypertrophy in obese ZRs. These were associated with enhanced expression of the stem/progenitor-cell marker cKit; the potentiation of several proteins of regeneration including beta-catenin, Oct3/4, Pax2; and improved pericardial adipocyte morphology. Interestingly, the amelioration of adipocyte hypertrophy in hemin-treated animals was accompanied by improved adipocyte function, evidenced by increased levels of pericardial adipose tissue adiponectin. Furthermore, hemin significantly reduced hypertriglyceridemia and hypercholesteromia in obese ZRs. The protective effects of hemin were accompanied by robust potentiation HO activity and the total antioxidant capacity, whereas the co-administration of hemin with the HO inhibitor, stannous mesoporphyrin abolished the effects of hemin. These data suggest that hemin improves pericardial adipocyte morphology and function by enhancing proteins of repair and regeneration, while concomitantly abating inflammatory/oxidative insults and suppressing extracellular-matrix/profibrotic and remodeling proteins. The reduction of hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesteromia, pericardial adiposity, and pericardial adipocyte hypertrophy with corresponding improvement of adipocyte morphology/function in hemin-treated animals suggests that HO inducers may be explored for the design of novel remedies against cardiac complications arising from excessive adiposity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Fomusi Ndisang
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan College of Medicine, Saskatoon, SK, Canada S7N 5E5
| | - Shuchita Tiwari
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan College of Medicine, Saskatoon, SK, Canada S7N 5E5
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Yang X, Han ZP, Zhang SS, Zhu PX, Hao C, Fan TT, Yang Y, Li L, Shi YF, Wei LX. Chronic restraint stress decreases the repair potential from mesenchymal stem cells on liver injury by inhibiting TGF-β1 generation. Cell Death Dis 2014; 5:e1308. [PMID: 24967970 PMCID: PMC4611730 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2014.257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2014] [Revised: 04/19/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Chronic psychological stress has been demonstrated to play an important role in several severe diseases, but whether it affects disease therapy or not remains unclear. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been demonstrated to have therapeutic potentials in treating tissue injury based on their multidifferentiation potential toward various cell types. We investigated the effect of chronic restraint stress on therapeutic potential of MSCs on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver injury in mice. CCl4-induced mice were injected with enhanced green fluorescent protein–MSCs, which was followed by chronic restraint stress administration. Corticosterone and RU486, a glucocorticoid receptor (GR) antagonist, were employed in vivo and in vitro, too. In the present study, we illustrated that MSCs could repair liver injury by differentiating into myofibroblasts (MFs) which contribute to fibrosis, whereas stress repressed differentiation of MSCs into MFs displayed by reducing α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA, a solid marker of MFs) expression. Whereas RU486 could maintain the liver injury reduction and liver fibrosis increases induced by MSCs in stressed mice and block the decrease of α-SMA expression induced by stress. Furthermore, chronic stress inhibited MFs differentiation from MSCs by inhibiting transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)/Smads signaling pathway which is essential for MFs differentiation. Chronic stress reduced autocrine TGF-β1 of MSCs, but not blunted activation of Smads. All these data suggested that corticosterone triggered by chronic stress impaired liver injury repair by MSCs through inhibiting TGF-β1 expression which results in reduced MFs differentiation of MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Yang
- 1] Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM) and Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, China [2] Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy Center, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Z-P Han
- Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy Center, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - S-S Zhang
- Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy Center, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - P-X Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Chang Hai Hospital, the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - C Hao
- Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy Center, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - T-T Fan
- Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy Center, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Y Yang
- Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy Center, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - L Li
- Department of Anesthesia, Intensive Care Units, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Y-F Shi
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM) and Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, China
| | - L-X Wei
- 1] Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM) and Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, China [2] Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy Center, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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Cernaro V, Trifirò G, Lorenzano G, Lucisano S, Buemi M, Santoro D. New therapeutic strategies under development to halt the progression of renal failure. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2014; 23:693-709. [DOI: 10.1517/13543784.2014.899352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Figueroa FE, Cuenca Moreno J, La Cava A. Novel approaches to lupus drug discovery using stem cell therapy. Role of mesenchymal-stem-cell-secreted factors. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2014; 9:555-66. [PMID: 24655067 DOI: 10.1517/17460441.2014.897692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are at increased risk for premature death, particularly among young adults, and present dilemmas regarding drug efficacy versus toxicity. Novel therapeutic strategies have included the use of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapies that are promising but still have limitations. In several disease models, it has become apparent that MSCs do not necessarily replace diseased tissues but rather exert complex paracrine effects that are mediated by their extracellular-secreted products. AREAS COVERED In this review, the authors highlight the data on MSC treatment of SLE and related mechanisms of actions. This data includes the recent evidence that MSC-secreted factors such as extracellular microvesicles (MVs) are important mediators of MSC therapy. Among MVs, the authors delineate the role of exosomes as triggers of regenerative effects in target cells, mediated by transfer of proteins, mRNAs or microRNAs. The authors also outline some of the biological and regulatory restraints encountered by MSC therapy, in contrast to the potential advantages of MSC-derived exosomes as new therapeutic tools in SLE. EXPERT OPINION There is concern about reproducible data on the use of MSC therapy in rheumatic diseases and specifically SLE. Although most experts consider MSCs to be safe, there are still worries over donor variability, immune-mediated rejection, culture-induced senescence, loss of functional properties and genetic instability or eventual malignant transformation. MSC-released factors could avoid most limiting factors associated with cell therapy and are therefore expected to provide a new and safe therapeutic option at an affordable cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando E Figueroa
- Universidad de los Andes, Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina , Santiago de , Chile
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Zou X, Zhang G, Cheng Z, Yin D, Du T, Ju G, Miao S, Liu G, Lu M, Zhu Y. Microvesicles derived from human Wharton's Jelly mesenchymal stromal cells ameliorate renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats by suppressing CX3CL1. Stem Cell Res Ther 2014; 5:40. [PMID: 24646750 PMCID: PMC4055103 DOI: 10.1186/scrt428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 202] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2013] [Accepted: 03/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Studies have demonstrated that mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) could reverse acute and chronic kidney injury by a paracrine or endocrine mechanism, and microvesicles (MVs) have been regarded as a crucial means of intercellular communication. In the current study, we focused on the therapeutic effects of human Wharton-Jelly MSCs derived microvesicles (hWJMSC-MVs) in renal ischemia/reperfusion injury and its potential mechanisms. Methods MVs isolated from conditioned medium were injected intravenously in rats immediately after ischemia of the left kidney for 60 minutes. The animals were sacrificed at 24 hours, 48 hours and 2 weeks after reperfusion. The infiltration of inflammatory cells was identified by the immunostaining of CD68+ cells. ELISA was employed to determine the inflammatory factors in the kidney and serum von Willebrand Factor (VWF). Tubular cell proliferation and apoptosis were identified by immunostaining. Renal fibrosis was assessed by Masson’s tri-chrome straining and alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) staining. The CX3CL1 expression in the kidney was measured by immunostaining and Western blot, respectively. In vitro, human umbilical vein endothelial cells were treated with or without MVs for 24 or 48 hours under hypoxia injury to test the CX3CL1 by immunostaining and Western blot. Results After administration of hWJMSC-MVs in acute kidney injury (AKI) rats, renal cell apoptosis was mitigated and proliferation was enhanced, inflammation was also alleviated in the first 48 hours. MVs also could suppress the expression of CX3CL1 and decrease the number of CD68+ macrophages in the kidney. In the late period, improvement of renal function and abrogation of renal fibrosis were observed. In vitro, MVs could down-regulate the expression of CX3CL1 in human umbilical vein endothelial cells under hypoxia injury at 24 or 48 hours. Conclusions A single administration of MVs immediately after ischemic AKI could ameliorate renal injury in both the acute and chronic stage, and the anti-inflammatory property of MVs through suppression of CX3CL1 may be a potential mechanism. This establishes a substantial foundation for future research and treatment.
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