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Wang Y, Zhang J, Yang Y, Liu Z, Sun S, Li R, Zhu H, Li T, Zheng J, Li J, Ma L. Circular RNAs in human diseases. MedComm (Beijing) 2024; 5:e699. [PMID: 39239069 PMCID: PMC11374765 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a unique class of RNA molecules formed through back-splicing rather than linear splicing. As an emerging field in molecular biology, circRNAs have garnered significant attention due to their distinct structure and potential functional implications. A comprehensive understanding of circRNAs' functions and potential clinical applications remains elusive despite accumulating evidence of their involvement in disease pathogenesis. Recent research highlights their significant roles in various human diseases, but comprehensive reviews on their functions and applications remain scarce. This review provides an in-depth examination of circRNAs, focusing first on their involvement in non-neoplastic diseases such as respiratory, endocrine, metabolic, musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, and renal disorders. We then explore their roles in tumors, with particular emphasis on exosomal circular RNAs, which are crucial for cancer initiation, progression, and resistance to treatment. By detailing their biogenesis, functions, and impact on disease mechanisms, this review underscores the potential of circRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets. The review not only enhances our understanding of circRNAs' roles in specific diseases and tumor types but also highlights their potential as novel diagnostic and therapeutic tools, thereby paving the way for future clinical investigations and potential therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyong Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery Tangdu Hospital Air Force Medical University Xi'an China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education) The First Department of Thoracic Surgery Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute Peking University School of Oncology Beijing China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tangdu Hospital Air Force Medical University Xi'an China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment in Shaanxi Province Xi'an China
| | - Yuchen Yang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tangdu Hospital Air Force Medical University Xi'an China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment in Shaanxi Province Xi'an China
| | - Zhuofeng Liu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Sijia Sun
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tangdu Hospital Air Force Medical University Xi'an China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment in Shaanxi Province Xi'an China
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Epidemiology School of Public Health Air Force Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Hui Zhu
- Department of Anatomy Medical College of Yan'an University Yan'an China
- Institute of Medical Research Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an China
| | - Tian Li
- School of Basic Medicine Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Jin Zheng
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tangdu Hospital Air Force Medical University Xi'an China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment in Shaanxi Province Xi'an China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Endocrine Xijing 986 Hospital Air Force Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Litian Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery Tangdu Hospital Air Force Medical University Xi'an China
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tangdu Hospital Air Force Medical University Xi'an China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment in Shaanxi Province Xi'an China
- Department of Gastroenterology Tangdu Hospital Air Force Medical University Xi'an China
- School of Medicine Northwest University Xi'an China
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2
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Hussen BM, Abdullah SR, Mohammed AA, Rasul MF, Hussein AM, Eslami S, Glassy MC, Taheri M. Advanced strategies of targeting circular RNAs as therapeutic approaches in colorectal cancer drug resistance. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 260:155402. [PMID: 38885593 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) stands second in terms of mortality and third among the highest prevalent kinds of cancer globally. CRC prevalence is rising in moderately and poorly developed regions and is greater in economically advanced regions. Despite breakthroughs in targeted therapy, resistance to chemotherapeutics remains a significant challenge in the long-term management of CRC. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been involved in growing cancer therapy resistance, particularly in CRC, according to an increasing number of studies in recent years. CircRNAs are one of the novel subclasses of non-coding RNAs, previously thought of as viroid. According to studies, circRNAs have been recommended as biological markers for therapeutic targets and diagnostic and prognostic purposes. That is particularly notable given that the expression of circRNAs has been linked to the hallmarks of CRC since they are responsible for drug resistance in CRC patients; thereby, circRNAs are significant for chemotherapy failure. Moreover, knowledge concerning circRNAs remains relatively unclear despite using all these advanced techniques. Here, in this study, we will go over the most recent published work to highlight the critical roles of circRNAs in CRC development and drug resistance and highlight the main strategies to overcome drug resistance to improve clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bashdar Mahmud Hussen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Science, Cihan University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq; Department of Clinical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Snur Rasool Abdullah
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Lebanese French University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | | | - Mohammed Fatih Rasul
- Department of Pharmaceutical Basic Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tishk International University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Ali M Hussein
- Department of Clinical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Solat Eslami
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran; Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mark C Glassy
- Translational Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, San Diego (UCSD) Moores Cancer Center, University of California, CA, United States
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.
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Rahmati S, Moeinafshar A, Rezaei N. The multifaceted role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in colorectal cancer: metastasis, immune suppression, therapy resistance, and autophagy crosstalk. J Transl Med 2024; 22:452. [PMID: 38741166 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05267-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid bilayer structures released by all cells and widely distributed in all biological fluids. EVs are implicated in diverse physiopathological processes by orchestrating cell-cell communication. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide, with metastasis being the leading cause of mortality in CRC patients. EVs contribute significantly to the advancement and spread of CRC by transferring their cargo, which includes lipids, proteins, RNAs, and DNAs, to neighboring or distant cells. Besides, they can serve as non-invasive diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for early detection of CRC or be harnessed as effective carriers for delivering therapeutic agents. Autophagy is an essential cellular process that serves to remove damaged proteins and organelles by lysosomal degradation to maintain cellular homeostasis. Autophagy and EV release are coordinately activated in tumor cells and share common factors and regulatory mechanisms. Although the significance of autophagy and EVs in cancer is well established, the exact mechanism of their interplay in tumor development is obscure. This review focuses on examining the specific functions of EVs in various aspects of CRC, including progression, metastasis, immune regulation, and therapy resistance. Further, we overview emerging discoveries relevant to autophagy and EVs crosstalk in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soheil Rahmati
- Student Research Committee, Ramsar Campus, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Ramsar, Iran
- Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Aysan Moeinafshar
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Dr. Qarib St, Keshavarz Blvd, Tehran, 14194, Iran.
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy, and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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4
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Yu Q, Zhang Y, Tian Y, Peng A, Cui X, Ding B, Yang L, Liu Y, Ju Y, Gao C. Exosomal Circ_FMN2 Derived from the Serum of Colorectal Cancer Patients Promotes Cancer Progression by miR-338-3p/MSI1 Axis. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2023; 195:7322-7337. [PMID: 36995659 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04456-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignancy of the gastrointestinal tract with high incidence and mortality. Exosomal circular RNA (circRNA) has been shown to be associated with the malignant progression of cancers, including CRC. Circ_0005100 (named as circ_FMN2) has been shown to promote CRC cell proliferation and migration. However, whether exosomal circ_FMN2 participated in CRC progression remains unclear. METHODS Exosomes were isolated from the serum of CRC patients and then identified using transmission electron microscope. Western blot assay was used to test the protein levels of exosome markers, proliferation-related marker, metastasis-related markers and musashi-1 (MSI1). The expression levels of circ_FMN2, microRNA (miR)-338-3p and MSI1 were detected by qPCR. Flow cytometry, colony formation assay, MTT assay, and transwell assay were employed to measure cell cycle, apoptosis, colony formation ability, viability, migration and invasion. Dual-luciferase reporter assay was performed to assess the interaction between miR-338-3p and circ_FMN2 or MSI1. BALB/c nude mice was used to conduct animal experiments. RESULTS Circ_FMN2 was overexpressed in the exosomes of CRC patient's serums and CRC cells. Overexpressed exosomal circ_FMN2 could promote CRC cell proliferation, metastasis, and suppress apoptosis. Circ_FMN2 acted as miR-338-3p sponge. MiR-338-3p overexpression reversed the promotion effect of circ_FMN2 on CRC progression. MSI1 was found to be a target of miR-338-3p, and its overexpression revoked the inhibitory effect of miR-338-3p on CRC progression. Furthermore, exosomal circ_FMN2 overexpression also could facilitate CRC tumor growth in vivo. CONCLUSION Exosomal circ_FMN2 accelerated CRC progression through miR-338-3p/MSI1 axis, revealing that exosomal circ_FMN2 might be a target for CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyao Yu
- Department of Research, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yanming Tian
- Department of Physiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei Province, China
| | - Ale Peng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 12, Jian Kang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei Province, China
| | - Xiujing Cui
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 12, Jian Kang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei Province, China
| | - Boyue Ding
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 12, Jian Kang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei Province, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 12, Jian Kang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yabin Liu
- Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yingchao Ju
- Department of experimental animal center, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Chao Gao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 12, Jian Kang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei Province, China.
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Wu CC, Hou BC, Yang YH, Li XF, Ma HC, Li BX. Circ_0084188 promotes colorectal cancer progression by sponging miR-654-3p and regulating kruppel-like factor 12. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2023; 39:1062-1076. [PMID: 37698263 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigate the biological role and mechanism of circ_0084188 in colorectal cancer (CRC). Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot assay were used to detect RNA levels and protein levels in CRC cell lines (HCT116 and SW480), respectively. Cell proliferation was evaluated by Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine assay, and colony formation assays. Cell apoptosis was determined using flow cytometry. Cell migration and invasion were measured by transwell assay. Sphere formation efficiency was determined by sphere formation assay. The interaction between microRNA-654-3p (miR-654-3p) and circ_0084188 or Kruppel-like factor 12 (KLF12) was confirmed by a dual-luciferase reporter, RNA immunoprecipitation and RNA pull-down assays. Xenograft in CRC mice model was utilized for exploring the role of circ_0084188 in vivo.Circ_0084188 was overexpressed in CRC tissues and cells. Circ_0084188 silencing suppressed cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and stemness and induced apoptosis in CRC cells. Circ_0084188 acted as a sponge for miR-654-3p, and circ_0084188 regulated CRC cell behaviors via sponging miR-654-3p. Moreover, KLF12 was a target of miR-654-3p, and miR-654-3p overexpression inhibited the malignant behaviors of CRC cells by downregulating KLF12. Mechanically, circ_0084188 sponged miR-654-3p to regulate KLF12 expression in CRC cells. In addition, circ_0084188 downregulation inhibited tumor growth in vivo.Circ_0084188 knockdown might repress CRC progression partially via regulating the miR-654-3p/KLF12 axis, providing a novel insight into the pathogenesis of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui-Cui Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University, Jilin, China
| | - Bai-Chun Hou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University, Jilin, China
| | - Yu-Han Yang
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Xue-Feng Li
- Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hong-Chao Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University, Jilin, China
| | - Bin-Xian Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University, Jilin, China
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Bryja A, Zadka Ł, Farzaneh M, Zehtabi M, Ghasemian M, Dyszkiewicz-Konwińska M, Mozdziak P, Zabel M, Podhorska-Okołów M, Dzięgiel P, Piotrowska-Kempisty H, Kempisty B. Small extracellular vesicles - A host for advanced bioengineering and "Trojan Horse" of non-coding RNAs. Life Sci 2023; 332:122126. [PMID: 37769803 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are a type of membranous vesicles that can be released by cells into the extracellular space. The relationship between sEVs and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) is highly intricate and interdependent. This symbiotic relationship plays a pivotal role in facilitating intercellular communication and holds profound implications for a myriad of biological processes. The concept of sEVs and their ncRNA cargo as a "Trojan Horse" highlights their remarkable capacity to traverse biological barriers and surreptitiously deliver their cargo to target cells, evading detection by the host-immune system. Accumulating evidence suggests that sEVs may be harnessed as carriers to ferry therapeutic ncRNAs capable of selectively silencing disease-driving genes, particularly in conditions such as cancer. This approach presents several advantages over conventional drug delivery methods, opening up new possibilities for targeted therapy and improved treatment outcomes. However, the utilization of sEVs and ncRNAs as therapeutic agents raises valid concerns regarding the possibility of unforeseen consequences and unintended impacts that may emerge from their application. It is important to consider the fundamental attributes of sEVs and ncRNAs, including by an in-depth analysis of the practical and clinical potentials of exosomes, serving as a representative model for sEVs encapsulating ncRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artur Bryja
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Łukasz Zadka
- Division of Ultrastructural Research, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Maryam Farzaneh
- Fertility, Infertility and Perinatology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Zehtabi
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Majid Ghasemian
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | | | - Paul Mozdziak
- Prestage Department of Poultry Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, USA
| | - Maciej Zabel
- Division of Ultrastructural Research, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland; Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland; Division of Anatomy and Histology, University of Zielona Gora, Zielona Góra, Poland
| | | | - Piotr Dzięgiel
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Hanna Piotrowska-Kempisty
- Department of Toxicology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland; Department of Basic and Preclinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland
| | - Bartosz Kempisty
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland; Prestage Department of Poultry Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital and Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Veterinary Surgery, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Toruń, Poland.
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7
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Zhang L, Song W, Shi J, Chen Y. Circ_0084188 Regulates the progression of colorectal cancer through the miR-769-5p/KIF20A axis. Biochem Genet 2023; 61:1727-1744. [PMID: 36763221 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-023-10339-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the major gastrointestinal malignancies threatening human health. More and more studies indicate that circular RNAs (circRNAs) are important regulatory factors of CRC, but the mechanism is still indistinct. METHODS Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot were used to detect the expression of circ_0084188, microRNA-769-5p (miR-769-5p), and kinesin family member 20A (KIF20A) in CRC tissues. Kaplan-Meier curve was used to analyze the relationship between circ_0084188 expression and the survival rate of CRC patients. Cell proliferation, viability, apoptosis, migration, and invasion were analyzed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU), flow cytometry, wound-healing, and transwell assays, respectively. The relationship between miR-769-5p and circ_0084188 or KIF20A was detected by a dual-luciferase reporter and RNA pull-down. The effect of circ_0084188 on tumor growth was verified by xenograft studies in vivo. RESULTS Circ_0084188 and KIF20A were upregulated and miR-769-5p was downregulated in CRC. Circ_0084188 knockdown repressed the proliferation, migration, and invasion of CRC cells, as well as enhanced apoptosis in vitro. Mechanistically, circ_0084188 targeted miR-769-5p, and the reduction of miR-769-5p reversed the effects of circ_0084188 knockdown on cell functional behaviors. KLF20A was a direct miR-769-5p target, and circ_0084188 acted as a sponge for miR-769-5p to regulate the KIF20A level. Moreover, miR-769-5p regulated the functional behaviors of CRC cells by targeting KIF20A. In addition, circ_0084188 knockdown confined the growth of xenograft tumors in vivo. CONCLUSION Circ_0084188 upregulated the expression of KIF20A to promote the tumorigenesis of CRC through miR-769-5p, providing a new therapeutic target for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Licheng Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Anorectal Surgery, Tianjin Third Central Hospital, No. 83, Jintang Road, Hedong District, Tianjin, 300170, China
| | - Weiliang Song
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Anorectal Surgery, Tianjin Third Central Hospital, No. 83, Jintang Road, Hedong District, Tianjin, 300170, China.
| | - Junzhong Shi
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Anorectal Surgery, Tianjin Third Central Hospital, No. 83, Jintang Road, Hedong District, Tianjin, 300170, China
| | - Yuzhuo Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Anorectal Surgery, Tianjin Third Central Hospital, No. 83, Jintang Road, Hedong District, Tianjin, 300170, China
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Huang S, Zhao J, Yu H, Chen G. Mechanism of tumor-derived extracellular vesicles in prostatic cancer progression through the circFMN2/KLF2/RNF128 axis. Apoptosis 2023; 28:1372-1389. [PMID: 37452271 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-023-01872-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a major type of cargos encapsulated in extracellular vesicles (EVs) and regulate the progression of prostatic cancer (PC). This study was conducted to explore the role of tumor-derived EVs in PC cell proliferation, invasion, and migration via shuttle of circRNA formin 2 (circFMN2). RT-qPCR or Western blot assay showed that circFMN2 was upregulated while KLF2 and RNF128 were downregulated in PC tissues and cells. EVs were separated from PC cells and characterized and its internalization in PC cells was examined, which suggested that PC-EVs mediated the shuttle of circFMN2 to upregulate circFMN2 expression in PC cells. PC cell functions were determined by cell counting kit-8, colony formation and Transwell assays, which suggested that PC-EVs fueled the proliferation, invasion, and migration of PC cells. At cellular level, PC-EVs mediated the shuttle of circFMN2 to upregulate circFMN2 expression in PC cells, and circFMN2 binding to HuR decreased the HuR-KLF2 interaction and repressed KLF2 expression, which further reduced the KLF2-RNF128 promoter binding and repressed RNF128 transcription. Overexpression of KLF2/RNF128 ablated the effects of PC-EVs on the proliferation, invasion, and migration of PC cells. The xenograft tumor models and lung/liver metastasis models were established and revealed that PC-EVs accelerated tumorigenesis and metastasis in vivo via delivery of circFMN2 and repression of KLF2/RNF128.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Huang
- Department of Urology, The Third Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, No. 69 Yongding Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Jianming Zhao
- Department of Urology, The Third Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, No. 69 Yongding Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Hongkai Yu
- Department of Urology, The Third Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, No. 69 Yongding Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Guangfu Chen
- Department of Urology, The Third Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, No. 69 Yongding Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100039, China.
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Mokhtari K, Peymani M, Rashidi M, Hushmandi K, Ghaedi K, Taheriazam A, Hashemi M. Colon cancer transcriptome. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 180-181:49-82. [PMID: 37059270 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2023.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Over the last four decades, methodological innovations have continuously changed transcriptome profiling. It is now feasible to sequence and quantify the transcriptional outputs of individual cells or thousands of samples using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). These transcriptomes serve as a connection between cellular behaviors and their underlying molecular mechanisms, such as mutations. This relationship, in the context of cancer, provides a chance to unravel tumor complexity and heterogeneity and uncover novel biomarkers or treatment options. Since colon cancer is one of the most frequent malignancies, its prognosis and diagnosis seem to be critical. The transcriptome technology is developing for an earlier and more accurate diagnosis of cancer which can provide better protectivity and prognostic utility to medical teams and patients. A transcriptome is a whole set of expressed coding and non-coding RNAs in an individual or cell population. The cancer transcriptome includes RNA-based changes. The combined genome and transcriptome of a patient may provide a comprehensive picture of their cancer, and this information is beginning to affect treatment decision-making in real-time. A full assessment of the transcriptome of colon (colorectal) cancer has been assessed in this review paper based on risk factors such as age, obesity, gender, alcohol use, race, and also different stages of cancer, as well as non-coding RNAs like circRNAs, miRNAs, lncRNAs, and siRNAs. Similarly, they have been examined independently in the transcriptome study of colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khatere Mokhtari
- Department of Modern Biology, ACECR Institute of Higher Education (Isfahan Branch), Isfahan, Iran
| | - Maryam Peymani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran.
| | - Mohsen Rashidi
- Department Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, 4815733971, Iran; The Health of Plant and Livestock Products Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, 4815733971, Iran
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of Epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kamran Ghaedi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Afshin Taheriazam
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mehrdad Hashemi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
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Mezher M, Abdallah S, Ashekyan O, Shoukari AA, Choubassy H, Kurdi A, Temraz S, Nasr R. Insights on the Biomarker Potential of Exosomal Non-Coding RNAs in Colorectal Cancer: An In Silico Characterization of Related Exosomal lncRNA/circRNA–miRNA–Target Axis. Cells 2023; 12:cells12071081. [PMID: 37048155 PMCID: PMC10093117 DOI: 10.3390/cells12071081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancer types, ranking third after lung and breast cancers. As such, it demands special attention for better characterization, which may eventually result in the development of early detection strategies and preventive measures. Currently, components of bodily fluids, which may reflect various disease states, are being increasingly researched for their biomarker potential. One of these components is the circulating extracellular vesicles, namely, exosomes, which are demonstrated to carry various cargo. Of importance, the non-coding RNA cargo of circulating exosomes, especially long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), circular RNAs (circRNAs), and micro RNAs (miRNAs), may potentially serve as significant diagnostic and prognostic/predictive biomarkers. In this review, we present existing evidence on the diagnostic and prognostic/predictive biomarker value of exosomal non-coding RNAs in CRC. In addition, taking advantage of the miRNA sponging functionality of lncRNAs and circRNAs, we demonstrate an experimentally validated CRC exosomal non-coding RNA-regulated target gene axis benefiting from published miRNA sponging studies in CRC. Hence, we present a set of target genes and pathways downstream of the lncRNA/circRNA–miRNA–target axis along with associated significant Gene Ontology (GO) terms and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways, which may collectively serve to better characterize CRC and shed light on the significance of exosomal non-coding RNAs in CRC diagnosis and prognosis/prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Mezher
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon
| | - Samira Abdallah
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon
| | - Ohanes Ashekyan
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon
| | - Ayman Al Shoukari
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Immunology, and Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon
| | - Hayat Choubassy
- Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut P.O. Box 6573, Lebanon
| | - Abdallah Kurdi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon
| | - Sally Temraz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon
| | - Rihab Nasr
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon
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Hou MY, Liu YK. Progress in research of exosomal circRNAs in colorectal cancer. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2023; 31:172-177. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v31.i5.172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are lipid bilayer vesicles secreted by almost various cell types, including circRNAs, microRNAs (miRNAs), proteins, and nucleic acids. CircRNAs act as molecular sponges of miRNAs and participate in regulating gene transcription. This paper reviews the biogenesis, function, isolation, and identification of exosomal circRNAs and their role in the early diagnosis, prognosis, therapy, and drug resistance of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Yuan Hou
- Graduate College of North China University of Technology, Tangshan 063200, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yan-Kun Liu
- Department of Medical Molecular Diagnosis, Tangshan People's Hospital, Tangshan Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine Testing, Tangshan 063000, Hebei Province, China
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12
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Circ_0001821 Potentiates Cell Growth, Metastasis, and Stemness in Colorectal Cancer by Regulating miR-339-3p/CST1. Biochem Genet 2023:10.1007/s10528-022-10329-x. [PMID: 36633774 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-022-10329-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Dysregulation of circRNAs is associated with human cancer progression, but its expression pattern and function in cancer are not fully understood. The aim of our study is to investigate the effects of circ_0001821 on colorectal cancer (CRC) proliferation, migration, invasion, and stemness. The expression level of circ_0001821 in CRC tissues and cells was detected by quantitative real-time PCR. The effects of circ_0001821 silencing on the proliferation, migration, invasion, and stemness of CRC cells were examined by cell counting kit-8, 5-Ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine, transwell, sphere formation, and western blot assays. Bioinformatics and dual-luciferase reporter gene assay were used to verify the relationship between circ_0001821 and miR-339-3p, miR-339-3p and CST1 in CRC cells. Circ_0001821 was highly expressed in CRC tissues and cells. Circ_0001821 silencing inhibited the proliferation, migration, invasion, and stemness of CRC cells, and transfection of miR-339-3p inhibitor partly attenuated this effect. In addition, circ_0001821 can bind miR-339-3p to regulate CST1 expression. Circ_0001821 silencing also curbed tumor growth in vivo. Circ_0001821 promoted CRC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and stemness by regulating the miR-339-3p/CST1 axis.
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13
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Wang D, Li R, Jiang J, Qian H, Xu W. Exosomal circRNAs: Novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets for gastrointestinal tumors. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 157:114053. [PMID: 36462315 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.114053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the high prevalence of gastrointestinal tumors, early diagnosis and treatment of these tumors is limited by the lack of effective and specific biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Exosomes carry active molecules to mediate cell-to-cell communication, especially in the tumor microenvironment, and are promising biomarkers and therapeutic targets for cancer. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are stably enriched in exosomes and show a unique circular structure, high stability, conservation, and tissue specificity. Exosomal circRNAs play important roles in regulating cell proliferation, metastasis, angiogenesis, metabolism, and the immune microenvironment of gastrointestinal tumors and exhibit great potential as tumor biomarkers and anti-tumor targets or tools. This review briefly introduces the characteristics and functions of circRNAs and exosomes, and systematically describes the biological roles and mechanisms of exosomal circRNAs in gastrointestinal tumors. This article also summarizes the detection methodology of exosomal circRNAs and discusses their clinical significance as biomarkers and targets for gastrointestinal tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongli Wang
- Zhenjiang Key Laboratory of High Technology Research on Exosomes Foundation and Transformation Application, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Rong Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China
| | - Jiajia Jiang
- Aoyang Institute of Cancer, Affiliated Aoyang Hospital of Jiangsu University, 279 Jingang Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215600, China
| | - Hui Qian
- Zhenjiang Key Laboratory of High Technology Research on Exosomes Foundation and Transformation Application, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Wenrong Xu
- Zhenjiang Key Laboratory of High Technology Research on Exosomes Foundation and Transformation Application, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China.
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14
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Yang K, Zhang F, Luo B, Qu Z. CAFs-derived small extracellular vesicles circN4BP2L2 promotes proliferation and metastasis of colorectal cancer via miR-664b-3p/HMGB3 pathway. Cancer Biol Ther 2022; 23:404-416. [PMID: 35722996 PMCID: PMC9225373 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2022.2072164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Our previous research has demonstrated that colorectal cancer (CRC) progression was promoted by circN4BP2L2. This study aimed to further explore the mechanism of circN4BP2L2 in the development of CRC from the perspective of small extracellular vesicles (sEVs). Cancer-associated fibroblasts cell (CAFs) and normal fibroblasts cell (NFs) were isolated from CRC tissues and adjacent tissues, respectively. The ultra-centrifugation was used for extraction of their related sEVs. Cell proliferation and apoptosis were analyzed using CCK-8 and flow cytometry, respectively. Transwell assay was conducted to measure cell migration. The tube formation ability was assessed by tube formation assay. The target relationships between circN4BP2L2 and miR-664b-3p, and miR-664b-3p and HMGB3 were validated by dual-luciferase reporter detection. The effect of CAFs-derived sEV (CAFs-sEVs) circN4BP2L2 on CRC was further studied in nude mice. CAFs-exo promoted cell proliferation, migration, tube formation ability, and inhibited apoptosis of CRC cells. CAFs-sEV circN4BP2L2 knockdown reversed the above results. CircN4BP2L2 directly targeted miR-664b-3p, and HMGB3 was targeted by miR-664b-3p. Moreover, subcutaneous tumorigenesis and liver metastasis of nude mice with CRC were repressed by CAFs-sEV circN4BP2L2 knockdown. CAFs-sEV circN4BP2L2 knockdown restrained CRC cell proliferation and migration by regulating miR-664b-3p/HMGB3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keda Yang
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Baihua Luo
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Zhan Qu
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
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15
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Ebrahimi N, Faghihkhorasani F, Fakhr SS, Moghaddam PR, Yazdani E, Kheradmand Z, Rezaei-Tazangi F, Adelian S, Mobarak H, Hamblin MR, Aref AR. Tumor-derived exosomal non-coding RNAs as diagnostic biomarkers in cancer. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:572. [DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04552-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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16
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Amelimojarad M, AmeliMojarad M, Nazemalhosseini-Mojarad E. Exosomal noncoding RNAs in colorectal cancer: An overview of functions, challenges, opportunities, and clinical applications. Pathol Res Pract 2022; 238:154133. [PMID: 36152568 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2022.154133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most threatening malignancy worldwide. Colorectal tumors transfer information with their tumor microenvironment (TME) and communicate together which can be detected through exosome transmission. Exosomes are important regulators made by different types of cells in all body fluids containing RNA, DNA, metabolites, and proteins. Recently, Exosome-derived noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) applications have gained great consideration based on their potential role in the different pathological processes. Therefore, in this review, we summarized the recent discoveries on exosomal ncRNAs function in CRC initiation and development, and drug resistance to provide a novel insight into exosomal ncRNAs' clinical application and their potential to be biomarkers for CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melika Amelimojarad
- Gastrointestinal (GI) cancer Department, Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mandana AmeliMojarad
- Gastrointestinal (GI) cancer Department, Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ehsan Nazemalhosseini-Mojarad
- Gastrointestinal (GI) cancer Department, Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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17
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Zhang W, Jiang Z, Tang D. The value of exosome-derived noncoding RNAs in colorectal cancer proliferation, metastasis, and clinical applications. CLINICAL & TRANSLATIONAL ONCOLOGY : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE FEDERATION OF SPANISH ONCOLOGY SOCIETIES AND OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE OF MEXICO 2022; 24:2305-2318. [PMID: 35921060 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-022-02908-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in the world today, and its incidence and mortality rates are increasing every year. The ease of proliferation and metastasis of CRC has long been an important reason for its high mortality rate. Exosomes serve as key mediators that mediate communication between tumor cells and various other cells. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been shown to play a key role in apoptosis, immunosuppression and proliferation metastasis in cancer. ncRNAs are loaded on exosomes and initiate the onset of metastasis by promoting epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) at the primary site of the tumor. Meanwhile, exosome-derived ncRNAs construct a pre-metastatic niche (PMN) for CRC metastasis by forming an inflammatory microenvironment in distant organs, immunosuppression, and promoting angiogenesis and remodeling of the extracellular matrix. Here, we summarize the specific mechanisms associated with exosome-derived ncRNAs promoting local invasion and metastasis in CRC. Finally, we focus on their value for clinical application in future CRC diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Zhang
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhengting Jiang
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dong Tang
- Department of General Surgery, Institute of General Surgery, Clinical Medical College, Northern Jiangsu Province Hospital, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, China.
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18
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Sattar RSA, Verma R, Nimisha, Kumar A, Dar GM, Apurva, Sharma AK, Kumari I, Ahmad E, Ali A, Mahajan B, Saluja SS. Diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in colorectal cancer and the potential role of exosomes in drug delivery. Cell Signal 2022; 99:110413. [PMID: 35907519 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2022.110413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is third most common cancer with second most common cause of death worldwide. One fourth to one fifth of the CRC cases are detected at advance stage. Early detection of colorectal cancer might help in decreasing mortality and morbidity worldwide. CRC being a heterogeneous disease, new non-invasive approaches are needed to complement and improve the screening and management of CRC. Reliable and early detectable biomarkers would improve diagnosis, prognosis, therapeutic responses, and will enable the prediction of drug response and recurrence risk. Over the past decades molecular research has demonstrated the potentials of CTCs, ctDNAs, circulating mRNA, ncRNAs, and exosomes as tumor biomarkers. Non-invasive screening approaches using fecal samples for identification of altered gut microbes in CRC is also gaining attention. Exosomes can be potential candidates that can be employed in the drug delivery system. Further, the integration of in vitro, in vivo and in silico models that involve CRC biomarkers will help to understand the interactions occurring at the cellular level. This review summarizes recent update on CRC biomarkers and their application along with the nanoparticles followed by the application of organoid culture in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Real Sumayya Abdul Sattar
- Central Molecular Laboratory, Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (GIPMER), New Delhi, India
| | - Renu Verma
- Central Molecular Laboratory, Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (GIPMER), New Delhi, India
| | - Nimisha
- Central Molecular Laboratory, Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (GIPMER), New Delhi, India
| | - Arun Kumar
- Central Molecular Laboratory, Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (GIPMER), New Delhi, India
| | - Ghulam Mehdi Dar
- Central Molecular Laboratory, Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (GIPMER), New Delhi, India
| | - Apurva
- Central Molecular Laboratory, Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (GIPMER), New Delhi, India
| | - Abhay Kumar Sharma
- Central Molecular Laboratory, Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (GIPMER), New Delhi, India
| | - Indu Kumari
- Central Molecular Laboratory, Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (GIPMER), New Delhi, India
| | - Ejaj Ahmad
- Central Molecular Laboratory, Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (GIPMER), New Delhi, India
| | - Asgar Ali
- Central Molecular Laboratory, Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (GIPMER), New Delhi, India
| | - Bhawna Mahajan
- Central Molecular Laboratory, Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (GIPMER), New Delhi, India; Department of Biochemistry, Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (GIPMER), New Delhi, India
| | - Sundeep Singh Saluja
- Central Molecular Laboratory, Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (GIPMER), New Delhi, India; Department of GI Surgery, Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (GIPMER), New Delhi, India.
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19
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CircFMN2 Boosts Sorafenib Resistance in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells via Upregulating CNBP by Restraining Ubiquitination. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:2674163. [PMID: 35909906 PMCID: PMC9334069 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2674163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Noncoding RNAs exert critical biological effects in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The role of circFMN2, a newly discovered functional RNA in prostate cancer and colorectal cancer, was investigated for the first time in sorafenib-resistance HCC cells. Methods The level of circFMN2 was assessed via quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Cell proliferation was detected via CCK-8 and colony formation assay. Cell apoptosis was measured via the TUNEL assay and flow cytometry analysis. A Western blot assay was conducted to detect the CCHC-type zinc finger nucleic acid binding protein (CNBP) level and ubiquitination. RNA pull-down assay and RNA immunoprecipitation were carried out to explore the interaction between circFMN2 and CNBP. Results CircFMN2 was highly expressed in multidrug-resistant (MDR) cells. CircFMN2 overexpression exerted pro-proliferation effects in sorafenib-treated HCC cells, while depletion of circFMN2 displayed negative effect on sorafenib-treated MDR cells. Moreover, CNBP was verified as the binding protein of circFMN2. CNBP was upregulated in MDR cells, which was achieved by inhibition of ubiquitination by circFMN2. Besides, CNBP overexpression was found to boost sorafenib resistance in HCC cells. Conclusions CircFMN2 is aberrantly expressed in sorafenib-resistant HCC cells and contributes to sorafenib resistance in HCC cells via upregulation of CNBP by restraining ubiquitination.
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Zhang T, Yu S, Zhao S. Hsa_circ_0005100 regulates tumorigenicity of colorectal carcinoma via miR-145-5p/MACC1 axis. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 36:e24533. [PMID: 35766445 PMCID: PMC9396189 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a kind of RNA molecules involved in the regulation of cancer progression, including colorectal carcinoma (CRC); nevertheless, their regulation mode is blurry. In the present work, we attempted to reveal the characteristics of hsa_hsa_circ_0005100 in CRC. METHODS Differential expressions of hsa_circ_0005100, FMN2 mRNA, microRNA-145-5p (miR-145-5p), and MACC1 were indicated by qRT-PCR and Western blot. The capacities of cell growth and motility were validated by the MTT assay, flow cytometry assay, EdU assay, colony formation assay, and transwell assay. Moreover, the targeted relationship of miR-145-5p and hsa_circ_0005100 or MACC1 was distinguished by dual-luciferase reporter assay. The animal experiment was implemented to confirm the influence of hsa_circ_0005100 on tumorigenesis in vivo. RESULTS Hsa_circ_0005100 and MACC1 expression levels were increased, but miR-145-5p expression level was diminished in CRC. Hsa_circ_0005100 knockdown repressed cell proliferation, cell cycle, migration, and invasion, while expedited cell apoptosis in CRC cells. Furthermore, miR-145-5p was disclosed to block CRC via overturning MACC1. Hsa_circ_0005100 targeted miR-145-5p to modulate MACC1. Additionally, hsa_circ_0005100 knockdown also attenuated tumorigenesis in vivo. CONCLUSION Hsa_circ_0005100 was a vital regulator in the development of CRC by miR-145-5p/MACC1 axis, which deepened the understanding of CRC pathogenesis from circRNA insights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongtong Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Hospital Affiliated to Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Suyang Yu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Hospital Affiliated to Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Shipeng Zhao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Hospital Affiliated to Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
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21
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Han Z, Chen H, Guo Z, Shen J, Luo W, Xie F, Wan Y, Wang S, Li J, He J. Circular RNAs and Their Role in Exosomes. Front Oncol 2022; 12:848341. [PMID: 35574355 PMCID: PMC9096127 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.848341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
As a novel class of endogenous non-coding RNAs discovered in recent years, circular RNAs (circRNAs) are highly conserved and stable covalently closed ring structures with no 5'-end cap or 3'-end poly(A) tail. CircRNAs are formed by reverse splicing, mainly by means of a noose structure or intron complementary pairing. Exosomes are tiny discoid vesicles with a diameter of 40-100 nm that are secreted by cells under physiological and pathological conditions. Exosomes play an important role in cell-cell communication by carrying DNA, microRNAs, mRNAs, proteins and circRNAs. In this review, we summarize the biological functions of circRNAs and exosomes, and further reveal the potential roles of exosomal circRNAs in different diseases, providing a scientific basis for the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of a wide variety of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeping Han
- Central Laboratory, Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huafang Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Leizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Leizhou, China
| | - Zhonghui Guo
- Central Laboratory, Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Shen
- Central Laboratory, Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenfeng Luo
- Central Laboratory, Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fangmei Xie
- Central Laboratory, Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Wan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shengbo Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianhao Li
- Department of Cardiology, Central Hospital of Panyu District, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinhua He
- Central Laboratory, Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, China
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22
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Yin TF, Du SY, Zhao DY, Sun XZ, Zhou YC, Wang QQ, Zhou GYJ, Yao SK. Identification of circ_0000375 and circ_0011536 as novel diagnostic biomarkers of colorectal cancer. World J Clin Cases 2022; 10:3352-3368. [PMID: 35611198 PMCID: PMC9048569 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i11.3352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) imposes a tremendous burden on human health, with high morbidity and mortality. Circular ribonucleic acids (circRNAs), a new type of noncoding RNA, are considered to participate in cancer pathogenesis as microRNA (miRNA) sponges. However, the dysregulation and biological functions of circRNAs in CRC remain to be explored.
AIM To identify potential circRNA biomarkers of CRC and explore their functions in CRC carcinogenesis.
METHODS CircRNAs and miRNAs differentially expressed in CRC tissues were identified by analyzing expression profiles from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Circ_0000375 and circ_0011536 were selected as CRC biomarker candidates. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was utilized to evaluate the expression of these 2 circRNAs in CRC tissues, serums and cell lines. Receiver operating characteristic curves were generated to assess the diagnostic performances of these 2 circRNAs. Then, functional experiments, including cell counting kit-8, wound healing and Transwell invasion assays, were performed after the overexpression of circ_0000375 and circ_0011536 in CRC cell lines. Furthermore, candidate target miRNAs of circ_0000375 and circ_0011536 were predicted via bioinformatics analysis. The expression levels of these miRNAs were explored in CRC cell lines and tissues from GEO datasets. A luciferase reporter assay was developed to examine the interactions between circRNAs and miRNAs. Based on the target miRNAs and downstream genes, functional enrichment analyses were applied to reveal the critical signaling pathways involved in CRC carcinogenesis.
RESULTS Downregulated circ_0000375 and circ_0011536 expression was observed in CRC tissues in GSE126095, clinical CRC tissue and serum samples and CRC cell lines. The areas under the curve for circ_0000375 and circ_0011536 were 0.911 and 0.885 in CRC tissue and 0.976 and 0.982 in CRC serum, respectively. Moreover, the serum levels of these 2 circRNAs were higher in patients at 30 d postsurgery than in patients before surgery, suggesting that the serum expression of circ_0000375 and circ_0011536 is related to CRC tumorigenesis. Circ_0000375 and circ_0011536 overexpression inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of CRC cells. Furthermore, miR-1182 and miR-1246, which were overexpressed in CRC tissues in GSE41655, GSE49246 and GSE115513, were verified as target miRNAs of circ_0000375 and circ_0011536, respectively, by luciferase reporter assays. The downstream genes of miR-1182 and miR-1246 were enriched in some CRC-associated pathways, such as the Wnt signaling pathway.
CONCLUSION Circ_0000375 and circ_0011536 may function as tumor suppressors in CRC progression, serving as novel biomarkers for CRC diagnosis and as promising candidates for therapeutic exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng-Fei Yin
- Graduate School, Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Shi-Yu Du
- Graduate School, Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Dong-Yan Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
- Graduate School, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Xi-Zhen Sun
- Graduate School, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing 100035, China
| | - Yuan-Chen Zhou
- Graduate School, Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Qian-Qian Wang
- Graduate School, Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Ge-Yu-Jia Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
- Graduate School, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Shu-Kun Yao
- Graduate School, Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
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23
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Ye D, Gong M, Deng Y, Fang S, Cao Y, Xiang Y, Shen Z. Roles and clinical application of exosomal circRNAs in the diagnosis and treatment of malignant tumors. J Transl Med 2022; 20:161. [PMID: 35382838 PMCID: PMC8981684 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03367-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are microvesicles secreted by cells. They contain a variety of bioactive substances with important roles in intercellular communication. Circular RNA (circRNA), a type of nucleic acid molecule found in exosomes, forms a covalently bonded closed loop without 5′ caps or 3′ poly(A) tails. It is structurally stable, widely distributed, and tissue specific. CircRNAs mainly act as microRNA sponges and have important regulatory roles in gene expression; they are superior to other non-coding RNAs as molecular diagnostic markers and drug treatment targets. Exosomal-derived circRNAs in the body fluids of tumor patients can modulate tumor proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and drug resistance. They can be used as effective biomarkers for early non-invasive diagnosis and prognostic evaluation of tumors, and also represent ideal targets for early precision therapeutic intervention. This review provides a theoretical basis for exploring the applications of exosomal circRNAs in malignant tumor diagnosis and treatment. We describe the biological functions of exosomal circRNAs in the occurrence and development of malignant tumors, their potential utility in diagnosis and treatment, and possible mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Ye
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Mengdan Gong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yongqin Deng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuai Fang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315020, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yujie Cao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yizhen Xiang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhisen Shen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China.
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24
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Liu QW, He Y, Xu WW. Molecular functions and therapeutic applications of exosomal noncoding RNAs in cancer. Exp Mol Med 2022; 54:216-225. [PMID: 35352001 PMCID: PMC8980040 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-022-00744-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most difficult diseases in human society. Therefore, it is urgent for us to understand its pathogenesis and improve the cure rate. Exosomes are nanoscale membrane vesicles formed by a variety of cells through endocytosis. As a new means of intercellular information exchange, exosomes have attracted much attention. Noncoding RNAs exist in various cell compartments and participate in a variety of cellular reactions; in particular, they can be detected in exosomes bound to lipoproteins and free circulating molecules. Increasing evidence has suggested the potential roles of exosomal noncoding RNAs in the progression of tumors. Herein, we present a comprehensive update on the biological functions of exosomal noncoding RNAs in the development of cancer. Specifically, we mainly focus on the effects of exosomal noncoding RNAs, including microRNAs, circular RNAs, long noncoding RNAs, small nuclear RNAs, and small nucleolar RNAs, on tumor growth, metastasis, angiogenesis, and chemoresistance. Moreover, we outline the current clinical implications concerning exosomal noncoding RNAs in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin-Wen Liu
- Institute of Biomedicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yan He
- Institute of Biomedicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Wen Wen Xu
- Institute of Biomedicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
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25
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Zhou H, Zhu L, Song J, Wang G, Li P, Li W, Luo P, Sun X, Wu J, Liu Y, Zhu S, Zhang Y. Liquid biopsy at the frontier of detection, prognosis and progression monitoring in colorectal cancer. Mol Cancer 2022; 21:86. [PMID: 35337361 PMCID: PMC8951719 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-022-01556-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide and a leading cause of carcinogenic death. To date, surgical resection is regarded as the gold standard by the operator for clinical decisions. Because conventional tissue biopsy is invasive and only a small sample can sometimes be obtained, it is unable to represent the heterogeneity of tumor or dynamically monitor tumor progression. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find a new minimally invasive or noninvasive diagnostic strategy to detect CRC at an early stage and monitor CRC recurrence. Over the past years, a new diagnostic concept called “liquid biopsy” has gained much attention. Liquid biopsy is noninvasive, allowing repeated analysis and real-time monitoring of tumor recurrence, metastasis or therapeutic responses. With the advanced development of new molecular techniques in CRC, circulating tumor cells (CTCs), circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), exosomes, and tumor-educated platelet (TEP) detection have achieved interesting and inspiring results as the most prominent liquid biopsy markers. In this review, we focused on some clinical applications of CTCs, ctDNA, exosomes and TEPs and discuss promising future applications to solve unmet clinical needs in CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China.,Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221000, China
| | - Liyong Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Jun Song
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221000, China
| | - Guohui Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Pengzhou Li
- Department of General Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Weizheng Li
- Department of General Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Ping Luo
- Department of General Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Xulong Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Jin Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221000, China
| | - Yunze Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221000, China
| | - Shaihong Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China.
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221000, China.
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26
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Özdemir S, Aksungur N, Altundaş N, Kara S, Korkut E, Özkaraca M, Sefa Mendil A, Öztürk G. Genome-wide profiling of the expression of serum derived exosomal circRNAs in patients with hepatic alveolar echinococcosis. Gene 2022; 814:146161. [PMID: 34995736 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2021.146161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The patients with hepatic alveolar echinococcosis is poorly detected due to invasive and slow growth. Thus, early diagnosis of hepatic alveolar echinococcosis is so important for patients. Circular RNAs are crucial types of the non-coding RNA. Recent studies have provided serum-derived exosomal circRNAs as potential biomarkers for detection of various diseases. The clinical importance of exosomal circRNAs in hepatic alveolar echinococcosis have never been explored before. Here, we investigated the serum-derived exosomal circRNAs in the diagnosis of hepatic alveolar echinococcosis. Firstly, High-throughput Sequencing was performed using 9 hepatic alveolar echinococcosis and 9 control samples to detect hepatic alveolar echinococcosis related circRNAs. Afterwards, bioinformatic analyzes were performed to identify differentially expressed circRNAs and pathway analyzes were performed. Finally, validation of the determined circRNAs was performed using RT-PCR. The sequencing data indicated that 59 differentially expressed circRNAs; 31 up-regulated and 28 down-regulated circRNA in hepatic alveolar echinococcosis patients. The top 5 up-regulated and down-regulated circRNAs were selected for validation by RT-qPCR assay. As a result of the verification, circRNAs that were significantly up- and down-regulated showed an expression profile consistent with the results obtained. Importantly, our findings suggested that identified exosomal circRNAs could be a potential biomarker for the detection of hepatic alveolar echinococcosis serum and may help to understand the pathogenesis of hepatic alveolar echinococcosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selçuk Özdemir
- Atatürk University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Genetics, Erzurum, Turkey; Heinrich Heine University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infection, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Nurhak Aksungur
- Atatürk University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of General Surgery, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Necip Altundaş
- Atatürk University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of General Surgery, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Salih Kara
- Atatürk University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of General Surgery, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ercan Korkut
- Atatürk University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of General Surgery, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Özkaraca
- Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathology, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Ali Sefa Mendil
- Erciyes University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathology, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Gürkan Öztürk
- Atatürk University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of General Surgery, Erzurum, Turkey
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27
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Wang Y, Li X, Wang H, Zhang G. CircCAMSAP1 promotes non-small cell lung cancer proliferation and inhibits cell apoptosis by sponging miR-1182 and regulating BIRC5. Bioengineered 2022; 13:2428-2439. [PMID: 35132928 PMCID: PMC8974160 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2011639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, various studies have suggested that circular RNAs (circRNAs) are ubiquitous in various malignant events, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and are closely related to cell proliferation and apoptosis. Unfortunately, the molecular functions involved in this action still have little overlap. Therefore, this study aimed to identify a novel circCAMSAP1 role in NSCLC. Overexpression of circCAMSAP1 has been demonstrated in NSCLC lung tissues and cell lines. Sequencing and RNase R experiments were planned to determine whether circCAMSAP1 is looped and exists in NSCLC. We also found that downregulated circCAMSAP1 repressed cell proliferation and increased apoptosis of NSCLC cells in vitro and suppressed xenograft tumor growth in vivo. Furthermore, a luciferase assay revealed that circCAMSAP1 could regulate baculoviral inhibitor of apoptosis protein (IAP) repeat containing 5 (BIRC5, also known as survivin) expression by directly binding to miR-1182. However, BIRC5 without 3ʹ untranslated regions (3ʹUTR) could reverse the influence of downregulated circCAMSAP1 on proliferation and apoptosis in NSCLC. Together, our findings reveal a novel mechanism by which the circCAMSAP1/miR-1182/BIRC5 axis promotes NSCLC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfei Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiaobo Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Huaqi Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Guojun Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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28
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a deadly disease with a poor prognosis. Lidocaine is preferred by surgical procedures due to the excellent anesthesia. Circular RNA integrin alpha FG-GAP repeat containing 2 (circITFG2) has been recognized as a momentous participator in CRC progression. The specific role of circITFG2 was further studied in this research. METHODS Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was devoted to examining the expression of circITFG2, microRNA-1204 (miR-1204) and SOCS2 mRNA in CRC cells. Western blot was used to determine SOCS2 protein expression in CRC cells. Cell viability, colony formation and apoptosis were detected by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, colony formation assay and flow cytometry assay respectively. Cell migration and invasion were tested by wound healing assay and transwell assay. Dual-luciferase reporter system, RNA pull down and RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays were applied to verify the combination between miR-1204 and circITFG2 or SOCS2. RESULTS CircITFG2 was strikingly downregulated; however, lidocaine treatment induced a significant increase in the expression of circITFG2 and SOCS2 and a decrease in miR-1204 expression in CRC cells. Meanwhile, SOCS2 protein expression was upregulated by lidocaine treatment or miR-1204 silence in CRC cells and downregulated by circITFG2 knockdown or miR-1204 overexpression in lidocaine-treated CRC cells. CircITFG2 knockdown or miR-1204 overexpression abolished lidocaine-induced inhibition in proliferation, metastasis and promotion in apoptosis in CRC cells. CircITFG2 overexpression, SOCS3 overexpression or lidocaine treatment suppressed proliferation, metastasis and facilitated apoptosis in CRC cells. CircITFG2 sponged miR-1204 to regulate SOCS3 expression in lidocaine-treated CRC cells. CONCLUSION Lidocaine hindered CRC progression by circITFG2/miR-1204/SOCS2 axis. This finding might beat a path in improving CRC therapy.
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Li J, Zhang G, Liu CG, Xiang X, Le MT, Sethi G, Wang L, Goh BC, Ma Z. The potential role of exosomal circRNAs in the tumor microenvironment: insights into cancer diagnosis and therapy. Am J Cancer Res 2022; 12:87-104. [PMID: 34987636 PMCID: PMC8690929 DOI: 10.7150/thno.64096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are multifunctional regulators of intercellular communication by carrying various messages under both physiological and pathological status of cancer patients. Accumulating studies have identified the presence of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in exosomes with crucial regulatory roles in diverse pathophysiological processes. Exosomal circRNAs derived from donor cells can modulate crosstalk with recipient cells locally or remotely to enhance cancer development and propagation, and play crucial roles in the tumor microenvironment (TME), leading to significant enhancement of tumor immunity, metabolism, angiogenesis, drug resistance, epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT), invasion and metastasis. In this review, we describe the advances of exosomal circRNAs and their roles in modulating cancer hallmarks, especially those in the TME. Moreover, clinical application potential of exosomal circRNAs in cancer diagnosis and therapy are highlighted, bridging the gap between basic knowledge and clinical practice.
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30
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Xi SJ, Cai WQ, Wang QQ, Peng XC. Role of circular RNAs in gastrointestinal tumors and drug resistance. World J Clin Cases 2021; 9:10400-10417. [PMID: 35004973 PMCID: PMC8686142 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i34.10400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence of gastrointestinal cancers has increased significantly over the past decade and gastrointestinal malignancies now rank among the leading causes of mortality globally. Although newer therapeutic strategies such as targeted therapies have greatly improved patient outcomes, their clinical success is limited by drug resistance, treatment failure and recurrence of metastatic disease. Therefore, there is an urgent need for further research identifying accurate and reliable biomarkers for precise treatment strategies. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) exhibit a covalently closed structure, high stability and biological conservation, and their expression is associated with the occurrence and development of gastrointestinal tumors. Moreover, circRNAs may significantly influence drug resistance of gastrointestinal cancers. In this article, we review the role of circRNAs in the occurrence and development of gastrointestinal cancer, their association with drug resistance, and potential application for early diagnosis, treatment and prognosis in gastrointestinal malignancies. Furthermore, we summarize characteristics of circRNA, including mechanism of formation and biological effects via mRNA sponging, chromatin replication, gene regulation, translational modification, signal transduction, and damage repair. Finally, we discuss whether circRNA-related noninvasive testing may be clinically provided in the future. This review provides new insights for the future development of diagnostics and therapeutics based on circRNAs in gastrointestinal tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Jun Xi
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, Hubei Province, China
| | - Wen-Qi Cai
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, Hubei Province, China
| | - Qin-Qi Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xiao-Chun Peng
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, Hubei Province, China
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31
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Chen Z, Cao X, Lu Q, Zhou J, Wang Y, Wu Y, Mao Y, Xu H, Yang Z. circ01592 regulates unsaturated fatty acid metabolism through adsorbing miR-218 in bovine mammary epithelial cells. Food Funct 2021; 12:12047-12058. [PMID: 34761771 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo02797b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The composition of fatty acids plays a key role in regulating milk flavor and quality. Therefore, to improve the quality of milk, it is particularly important to study the regulatory mechanism of fatty acid metabolism in dairy cows. In this study, the expression profiles at non-lactation, peak-lactation, mid-lactation and late-lactation were constructed by high-throughput sequencing. Considering non-lactation as the control group and the other points as the experimental groups, the differentially expressed genes were screened. ELOVL5 was significantly upregulated and was selected for subsequent analyses. Bioinformatics prediction, a dual-luciferase assay, qPCR analysis and western blot analysis were used for verification. The results showed that ELOVL5 was a downstream target gene of miR-218 that regulated milk fat metabolism. A dual-luciferase assay and expression level analysis showed that circ01592 can directly bind to miR-218 and that overexpression of circ01592 (pcDNA-circ01592) significantly reduced the expression of miR-218 and enhanced the expression of ELOVL5, the target gene of miR-218 in BMECs. A functional study of BMECs showed that circ01592 promoted the synthesis of TAG and increased the content of UFA. The function of miR-218 was opposite to that of circ01592. Overall, the data showed that circ01592 promoted TAG synthesis and fatty acid composition by binding miR-218, alleviating the inhibitory effect of miR-218 on ELOVL5 expression. These mechanisms provide a new research approach and theoretical basis for improving milk quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P. R. China. .,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiang Cao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P. R. China. .,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Qinyue Lu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P. R. China. .,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jingpeng Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P. R. China. .,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yuhao Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P. R. China. .,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yanni Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P. R. China. .,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yongjiang Mao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P. R. China. .,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Huifen Xu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhangping Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P. R. China. .,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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Roles and mechanisms of exosomal non-coding RNAs in human health and diseases. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2021; 6:383. [PMID: 34753929 PMCID: PMC8578673 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-021-00779-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes play a role as mediators of cell-to-cell communication, thus exhibiting pleiotropic activities to homeostasis regulation. Exosomal non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), mainly microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), are closely related to a variety of biological and functional aspects of human health. When the exosomal ncRNAs undergo tissue-specific changes due to diverse internal or external disorders, they can cause tissue dysfunction, aging, and diseases. In this review, we comprehensively discuss the underlying regulatory mechanisms of exosomes in human diseases. In addition, we explore the current knowledge on the roles of exosomal miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs in human health and diseases, including cancers, metabolic diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases, autoimmune diseases, and infectious diseases, to determine their potential implication in biomarker identification and therapeutic exploration.
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Zhang Y, Wang Y, Su X, Wang P, Lin W. The Value of Circulating Circular RNA in Cancer Diagnosis, Monitoring, Prognosis, and Guiding Treatment. Front Oncol 2021; 11:736546. [PMID: 34722285 PMCID: PMC8551378 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.736546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Liquid biopsy includes non-invasive analysis of circulating tumor-derived substances. It is a novel, innovative cancer screening tool that overcomes the limitations of current invasive tissue examinations in precision oncology. Circular RNA (circRNA) is a recent, novel, and attractive liquid biomarker showing stability, abundance, and high specificity in various diseases, especially in human cancers. This review focused on the emerging potential of human circRNA in body fluids as the liquid biopsy biomarkers for cancers and the methods used to detect the circRNA expression and summarized the construction of circRNA biomarkers in body fluids for treating human cancers and their limitations before they become part of routine clinical medicine. Furthermore, the future opportunities and challenges of translating circRNAs in liquid biopsy into clinical practices were explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjing Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, and Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, and Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China
| | - Xinwan Su
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weiqiang Lin
- Department of Nephrology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, and Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China
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Shen B, Sun K. Exosomal circular RNAs: A new frontier in the metastasis of digestive system tumors. Oncol Lett 2021; 22:826. [PMID: 34691253 PMCID: PMC8527826 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.13087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are membrane vesicles with a diameter of 30–150 nm. Exosomes are secreted by various types of tumor cell and contain a variety of proteins, circular RNAs (circRNAs), microRNAs and DNA, depending on the host cells. Among them, circRNAs, which are long non-coding endogenous RNAs, form covalently closed and continuous loops that link the 3′ and 5′ terminals generated by back-splicing. circRNAs have become a hotspot of research. Exosomal circRNAs are in volved in the pathogenesis of cancer, especially metastasis, which is mainly ascribed to the frequently abnormal expression levels within neoplasms. Nonetheless, the functions and regulatory mechanisms of exosomal circRNAs in the progression of digestive system tumors (DSTs) remain unclear. More knowledge on the regulation and network interactions of exosomal circRNAs will help identify superior treatment strategies for the metastasis of DSTs. The present review aims to summarize the existing studies on the functions and mechanisms of exosomal circRNAs in tumorigenesis, and evaluate the associations between the dysregulation of exosomal circRNAs and tumor metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baile Shen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yinzhou Hospital Affiliated to Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315040, P.R. China
| | - Keke Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yinzhou Hospital Affiliated to Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315040, P.R. China
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35
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Ameli-Mojarad M, Ameli-Mojarad M, Hadizadeh M, Young C, Babini H, Nazemalhosseini-Mojarad E, Bonab MA. The effective function of circular RNA in colorectal cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:496. [PMID: 34535136 PMCID: PMC8447721 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02196-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the 3rd most common type of cancer worldwide. Late detection plays role in one-third of annual mortality due to CRC. Therefore, it is essential to find a precise and optimal diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for the identification and treatment of colorectal tumorigenesis. Covalently closed, circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNAs, which can have the same function as microRNA (miRNA) sponges, as regulators of splicing and transcription, and as interactors with RNA-binding proteins (RBPs). Therefore, circRNAs have been investigated as specific targets for diagnostic and prognostic detection of CRC. These non-coding RNAs are also linked to metastasis, proliferation, differentiation, migration, angiogenesis, apoptosis, and drug resistance, illustrating the importance of understanding their involvement in the molecular mechanisms of development and progression of CRC. In this review, we present a detailed summary of recent findings relating to the dysregulation of circRNAs and their potential role in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Melika Ameli-Mojarad
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Science, Kharrazi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahrooyeh Hadizadeh
- School of Medicine, University of Sunderland, City Campus, Chester Road, Sunderland, SR1 3SD UK
| | - Chris Young
- Institute of Health & Life Sciences, De Montfort University, Leicester, UK
| | - Hosna Babini
- Department of Cell & Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Nazemalhosseini-Mojarad
- Gastroenterology and Liver Disease Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maziar Ashrafian Bonab
- School of Medicine, University of Sunderland, City Campus, Chester Road, Sunderland, SR1 3SD UK
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Hsa_circ_0026628 promotes the development of colorectal cancer by targeting SP1 to activate the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:802. [PMID: 34420031 PMCID: PMC8380248 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03794-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been reported to play crucial roles in the progression of various cancers, including colorectal cancer (CRC). SP1 (Sp1 transcription factor) is a well-recognized oncogene in CRC and is deemed to trigger the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. The present study was designed to investigate the role of circRNAs which shared the same pre-mRNA with SP1 in CRC cells. We identified that hsa_circ_0026628 (circ_0026628), a circular RNA that originated from SP1 pre-mRNA, was upregulated in CRC cells. Sanger sequencing and agarose gel electrophoresis verified the circular characteristic of circ_0026628. Functional assays including CCK-8, colony formation, transwell, immunofluorescence staining, and sphere formation assay revealed the function of circ_0026628. RNA pull-down and mass spectrometry disclosed the proteins interacting with circ_0026628. Mechanistic assays including RIP, RNA pull-down, CoIP, ChIP, and luciferase reporter assays demonstrated the interplays between molecules. The results depicted that circ_0026628 functioned as a contributor to CRC cell proliferation, migration, EMT, and stemness. Mechanistically, circ_0026628 served as the endogenous sponge of miR-346 and FUS to elevate SP1 expression at the post-transcriptional level, thus strengthening the interaction between SP1 and β-catenin to activate the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. In turn, the downstream gene of Wnt/β-catenin signaling, SOX2 (SRY-box transcription factor 2), transcriptionally activated SP1 and therefore boosted circ_0026628 level. On the whole, SOX2-induced circ_0026628 sponged miR-346 and recruited FUS protein to augment SP1, triggering the downstream Wnt/β-catenin pathway to facilitate CRC progression.
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Zhang M, Wang S. Roles of circular RNAs in colorectal cancer. Oncol Lett 2021; 22:602. [PMID: 34188704 PMCID: PMC8227629 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common types of malignant cancer worldwide and poses a significant burden on both the individual and healthcare systems. Despite advances in treatment options, advanced-stage CRC has a high mortality rate due to its heterogeneity, metastatic potential and/or delay in diagnosis. In recent years, an increasing number of studies have indicated that circular RNAs (circRNAs) serve important roles in several types of cancer, including CRC. Recent studies have revealed that circRNAs are aberrantly expressed in CRC tissues and function as oncogenic or tumor suppressive regulators of CRC carcinogenesis and development. Numerous circRNAs have been associated with the clinicopathological features of patients with CRC and have been considered as potential biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of CRC, as well as targets for treatment. However, a deeper understanding of their potential function is required. In the present review, the current body of knowledge on the biogenesis and functions of CRC-associated circRNAs, and their potential value in clinical applications, such as in CRC diagnosis, prognosis and treatment, is discussed and summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingying Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, P.R. China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer Translational Research, Cancer Institute of Shenzhen-PKU-HKUST Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, P.R. China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Shubin Wang
- Department of Oncology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, P.R. China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer Translational Research, Cancer Institute of Shenzhen-PKU-HKUST Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, P.R. China
- Correspondence to: Professor Shubin Wang, Department of Oncology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, 1120 Lianhua Road, Futian, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, P.R. China, E-mail:
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Yu Y, Lei X. CircFAM120B Blocks the Development of Colorectal Cancer by Activating TGF-Beta Receptor II Expression via Targeting miR-645. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:682543. [PMID: 34381772 PMCID: PMC8350741 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.682543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are implicated in various human cancers, including colorectal cancer (CRC). The objective of this study was to investigate the function and regulatory mechanism of a novel circRNA, circFAM120B, in CRC development. The expression of circFAM120B, miR-645 and TGF-beta receptor II (TGFBR2) mRNA was detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Cellular biological functions, including cell proliferation, migration/invasion, and glycolysis metabolism, were assessed using CCK-8 assay, colony formation assay, transwell assay, and glycolysis stress test, respectively. Glycolysis progression was also monitored by lactate production and glucose consumption. The expression of glycolysis-related markers and TGFBR2 at the protein level was detected by western blot. The interaction between miR-645 and circFAM120B or TGFBR2 was predicted by bioinformatics analysis and verified by pull-down assay, dual-luciferase reporter assay and RIP assay. In vivo animal experiments were performed to further explore the function of circFAM120B. The expression of circFAM120B was decreased in CRC tissues and cells. CircFAM120B overexpression blocked CRC cell proliferation, migration/invasion, and glycolysis metabolism. MiR-645 was a target of circFAM120B, and miR-645 restoration reversed the effects of circFAM120B overexpression. In addition, TGFBR2 was a target of miR-645, and miR-645 inhibition-suppressed CRC cell proliferation, migration/invasion and glycolysis were restored by TGFBR2 knockdown. Moreover, circFAM120B activated the expression of TGFBR2 by targeting miR-645. TGFBR2 also blocked tumor growth in vivo by targeting the miR-645/TGFBR2 axis. CircFAM120B inhibited CRC progression partly by mediating the miR-645/TGFBR2 network, which explained the potential mechanism of circFAM120B function in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Chongqing Bishan People's Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiao Lei
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital Affiliated to AMU (Southwest Hospital), Chongqing, China
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Radanova M, Mihaylova G, Nazifova-Tasinova N, Levkova M, Tasinov O, Ivanova D, Mihaylova Z, Donev I. Oncogenic Functions and Clinical Significance of Circular RNAs in Colorectal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:3395. [PMID: 34298612 PMCID: PMC8303601 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13143395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is ranked as the second most commonly diagnosed disease in females and the third in males worldwide. Therefore, the finding of new more reliable biomarkers for early diagnosis, for prediction of metastasis, and resistance to conventional therapies is an important challenge in overcoming the disease. The current review presents circular RNAs (circRNAs) with their unique features as potential prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers in CRC. The review highlights the mechanism of action and the role of circRNAs with oncogenic functions in the CRC as well as the association between their expression and clinicopathological characteristics of CRC patients. The comprehension of the role of oncogenic circRNAs in CRC pathogenesis is growing rapidly and the next step is using them as suitable new drug targets in the personalized treatment of CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Radanova
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Medicine and Nutrigenomics, Medical University of Varna, 9000 Varna, Bulgaria; (M.R.); (G.M.); (N.N.-T.); (O.T.); (D.I.)
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, University Hospital “St. Marina”, 9000 Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Galya Mihaylova
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Medicine and Nutrigenomics, Medical University of Varna, 9000 Varna, Bulgaria; (M.R.); (G.M.); (N.N.-T.); (O.T.); (D.I.)
| | - Neshe Nazifova-Tasinova
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Medicine and Nutrigenomics, Medical University of Varna, 9000 Varna, Bulgaria; (M.R.); (G.M.); (N.N.-T.); (O.T.); (D.I.)
| | - Mariya Levkova
- Department of Medical Genetics, Molecular Medicine and Nutrigenomics, Medical University of Varna, 9000 Varna, Bulgaria;
| | - Oskan Tasinov
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Medicine and Nutrigenomics, Medical University of Varna, 9000 Varna, Bulgaria; (M.R.); (G.M.); (N.N.-T.); (O.T.); (D.I.)
| | - Desislava Ivanova
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Medicine and Nutrigenomics, Medical University of Varna, 9000 Varna, Bulgaria; (M.R.); (G.M.); (N.N.-T.); (O.T.); (D.I.)
| | - Zhasmina Mihaylova
- Clinic of Medical Oncology, Military Medical Academy, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Ivan Donev
- Clinic of Medical Oncology, Hospital Nadezhda, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria
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Luo M, Peng T, Lin R, Gu L, He Y. Hsa_circ_0031787 promotes cell proliferation and invasion in colorectal cancer. J Clin Lab Anal 2021; 35:e23807. [PMID: 34089272 PMCID: PMC8274988 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Circular RNA (circRNA) has been found to be involved in regulating tumor development. However, the roles and underlying mechanisms of circRNA in colorectal cancer (CRC) development remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the effects of hsa_circ_0031787 on CRC.a METHODS: Aberrant circRNA expression was explored by the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, and hsa_circ_0031787 was selected for further study. Hsa_circ_0031787 expression was determined in CRC tissues and cell lines by qRT-PCR. Cell proliferation was measured by Edu and colony formation assays. Cell invasion was tested by Transwell assays. RESULTS Hsa_circ_0031787 expression levels in CRC were significantly increased and correlated with advanced TNM stage and lymph node metastasis in CRC patients. Functional assays showed that hsa_circ_0031787 suppression reduced CRC cell proliferation and invasion in vitro and reduced tumor growth in vivo. Furthermore, hsa_circ_0031787 suppression reduced activation of the Wnt/β-catenin axis in CRC. CONCLUSIONS Our results showed that hsa_circ_0031787 may function as an oncogenic circRNA in CRC progression, thus providing a new potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Luo
- Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangshaChina
- Department of ProctologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangshaChina
| | - Tianshu Peng
- Department of ProctologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangshaChina
| | - Renjing Lin
- Department of ProctologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangshaChina
| | - Liyao Gu
- Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangshaChina
| | - Yongheng He
- Department of ProctologyAffiliated Hospital of Hunan Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineChangshaChina
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Yin TF, Zhao DY, Zhou YC, Wang QQ, Yao SK. Identification of the circRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network and its prognostic effect in colorectal cancer. World J Clin Cases 2021; 9:4520-4541. [PMID: 34222420 PMCID: PMC8223824 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i18.4520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The high morbidity and mortality of colorectal cancer (CRC) have posed great threats to human health. Circular RNA (CircRNA) and microRNA (miRNA), acting as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs), have been found to play vital roles in carcinogenesis. However, the biological function of ceRNAs in CRC pathogenesis and prognosis remains largely unexplored.
AIM To identify the CRC-specific circRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network and uncover the subnetwork associated with its prognosis.
METHODS CircRNAs, miRNAs and mRNAs differentially expressed (DE) in CRC tissues were selected by expression file analysis in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, and the downstream target molecules of circRNAs and miRNAs were predicted. Then, the intersection of differentially expressed RNA molecules with the predicted targets was determined to obtain a ceRNA network. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses were conducted to elucidate the possible mechanism of pathogenesis. A survival analysis using the gene profiles and clinical information in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was performed to identify the mRNAs associated with the clinical outcome of CRC patients and construct a prognostic subnetwork.
RESULTS We downloaded three datasets (GSE126095, GSE41655 and GSE41657) of large-scale CRC samples from the GEO database. There were 55 DEcircRNAs, 114 DEmiRNAs and 267 DEmRNAs in CRC tissues compared with normal tissues. After intersecting these molecules with predicted targets, 19 circRNAs, 13 miRNAs and 28 mRNAs were chosen to develop a circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network. GO and KEGG functional enrichment analyses indicated that the retinol metabolic process, leukocyte chemotaxis, extracellular matrix remodeling, endoplasmic reticulum stress, alcohol dehydrogenase activity, gastric acid secretion, nitrogen metabolism and NOD-like receptor signaling pathway might participate in the tumorigenesis of CRC. After verifying the identified mRNA effect in the TCGA database, we finally recognized 3 mRNAs (CA2, ITLN1 and LRRC19) that were significantly associated with the overall survival of CRC patients and constructed a ceRNA subnetwork including 5 circRNAs (hsa_circ_0080210, hsa_circ_0007158, hsa_circ_0000375, hsa_circ_0018909 and hsa_circ_0011536) and 3 miRNAs (hsa-miR-601, hsa-miR-671-5p and hsa-miR-765), which could contain innovative and noninvasive indicators for the early screening and prognostic prediction of CRC.
CONCLUSION We proposed a circRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network closely associated with the progression and clinical outcome of CRC that might include promising biomarkers for carcinogenesis and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng-Fei Yin
- Graduate school, Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Dong-Yan Zhao
- Graduate School, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yuan-Chen Zhou
- Graduate school, Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Qian-Qian Wang
- Graduate school, Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Shu-Kun Yao
- Graduate school, Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
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Wang H, Zeng X, Zheng Y, Wang Y, Zhou Y. Exosomal circRNA in Digestive System Tumors: The Main Player or Coadjuvants? Front Oncol 2021; 11:614462. [PMID: 34249673 PMCID: PMC8264426 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.614462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are a type of extracellular microvesicles with a diameter of 40–160 nm. Circular RNA (circRNA) is a type of closed circular RNA molecule that is highly conserved in evolution. Exosomal circRNA plays a vital role in the proliferation, invasion, migration, and drug resistance of digestive system tumors. In this study, we used The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, UALCAN, Python crawler, miRTargetLink Human, Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery (DAVID), micBioinformatic online tool, and Cytoscape software (3.7.1). The results showed that circ-RanGAP1 in gastric cancer, circUHRF1 in hepatocellular carcinoma, and circFMN2 in colorectal cancer regulate the malignant behavior of tumors and affect the expression of their host gene through sponging miR-877-3p, miR-449c-5p, and miR-1182, respectively. Twenty exosomal circRNAs regulate 6,570 target genes through sponging 23 miRNAs. Firstly, 270 of those target genes are regulated by two or more miRNAs, which are highly correlated with 83 tumor-related pathways and six Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways. Secondly, 1,146 target genes were significantly differentially expressed in corresponding digestive system tumors, and functional enrichment analysis revealed that 78 of those were involved in 20 cancer-related pathways. In short, the bioinformatics analysis showed that these exosomal circRNAs are stably expressed in body fluids, and regulate the occurrence and development of gastric cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, colorectal cancer, and other digestive system tumors through sponging miRNAs. Exosomal circRNAs may be used as biomarkers for the diagnosis of disease and identification of effective therapeutic targets in the future, as well as improve the prognosis of patients with digestive system tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoying Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xi Zeng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ya Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yuping Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yongning Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
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Gong C, Yang H, Wang S, Liu J, Li Z, Hu Y, Chen Y, Huang Y, Luo Q, Wu Y, Liu E, Xiao Y. hTERT Promotes CRC Proliferation and Migration by Recruiting YBX1 to Increase NRF2 Expression. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:658101. [PMID: 34079797 PMCID: PMC8165255 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.658101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
High human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) expression is related to severe Colorectal Cancer (CRC) progression and negatively related to CRC patient survival. Previous studies have revealed that hTERT can reduce cancer cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and accelerate cancer progression; however, the mechanism remains poorly understood. NFE2-related factor 2 (NRF2) is a molecule that plays a significant role in regulating cellular ROS homeostasis, but whether there is a correlation between hTERT and NRF2 remains unclear. Here, we showed that hTERT increases CRC proliferation and migration by inducing NRF2 upregulation. We further found that hTERT increases NRF2 expression at both the mRNA and protein levels. Our data also revealed that hTERT primarily upregulates NRF2 by increasing NRF2 promoter activity rather than by regulating NRF2 mRNA or protein stability. Using DNA pull-down/MS analysis, we found that hTERT can recruit YBX1 to upregulate NRF2 promoter activity. We also found that hTERT/YBX1 may localize to the P2 region of the NRF2 promoter. Taken together, our results demonstrate that hTERT facilitates CRC proliferation and migration by upregulating NRF2 expression through the recruitment of the transcription factor YBX1 to activate the NRF2 promoter. These results provide a new theoretical basis for CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunli Gong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Huan Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Sumin Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiao Liu
- Department of Endoscope, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Region, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhibin Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yiyang Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiang Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuyun Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - En Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yufeng Xiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Zhang WJ, Luo C, Huang C, Pu FQ, Zhu JF, Zhu ZM. PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β signal pathway is involved in P2X7 receptor-induced proliferation and EMT of colorectal cancer cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 899:174041. [PMID: 33737010 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) plays an important role in regulating the growth of tumor cells. However, the role of P2X7R in colorectal cancer (CRC) has remained poorly understood. Therefore, in this study, in vivo and in vitro experiments were performed to investigate the effect of P2X7R on the proliferation of CRC. The results showed that P2X7R was expressed in CRC cell lines (SW620 and HCT116). ATP and BzATP increased the expression of P2X7R in CRC cells, while the application of P2X7R antagonist A438079 and AZD9056 decreased the P2X7R expression induced by BzATP. Moreover, ATP and BzATP induced the activation of P2X7R to promote the proliferation, migration and invasion of CRC cells. Conversely, A438079, AZD9056 or siRNA transfection targeting P2X7R (siP2X7R) knockdown P2X7R expression inhibited the proliferation and migration of CRC cells. TGF-β1 promoted the migration and invasion of CRC cells, while the application of P2X7R antagonist could inhibit TGF-β1 induced migration of CRC cells. Furthermore, activation of P2X7R increased the expression of Vimentin, Snail, Fibronectin and decreased the expression of E-cadherin. While reducing the expression of P2X7R could inhibit these genes expression. In addition, ATP and BzATP increased the expression of p-Akt, p-GSK-3beta and β-catenin via P2X7R. P13/Akt pathway inhibitor LY294002 inhibited the proliferation of CRC cells, and the P13/Akt signaling was required for BzATP induced the proliferation of CRC cells. Our conclusion is that P2X7R mediated the PI3K/Akt/GSK-3beta signaling to promote the proliferation and EMT of CRC, indicating that P2X7R may be used as a potential therapeutic target for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jun Zhang
- Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang City, Jiangxi province, China; Molecular Center Key Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang City, Jiangxi province, China
| | - Chen Luo
- Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang City, Jiangxi province, China; Molecular Center Key Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang City, Jiangxi province, China
| | - Chao Huang
- Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang City, Jiangxi province, China; Molecular Center Key Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang City, Jiangxi province, China
| | - Fan-Qin Pu
- Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang City, Jiangxi province, China; Molecular Center Key Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang City, Jiangxi province, China
| | - Jin-Feng Zhu
- Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang City, Jiangxi province, China; Molecular Center Key Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang City, Jiangxi province, China
| | - Zheng-Ming Zhu
- Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang City, Jiangxi province, China; Molecular Center Key Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang City, Jiangxi province, China.
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Yi S, Li Z, Wang X, Du T, Chu X. Circ_0001806 Promotes the Proliferation, Migration and Invasion of NSCLC Cells Through miR-1182/NOVA2 Axis. Cancer Manag Res 2021; 13:3067-3077. [PMID: 33854376 PMCID: PMC8041606 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s290059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are non-coding RNAs with a covalently closed loop. circRNAs affect the progression of diverse cancers. Nonetheless, circ_0001806 expression and function in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are undefined. Methods qRT-PCR was executed to examine circ_0001806, miR-1182 and NOVA2 mRNA expression levels in NSCLC tissues and cells. CCK-8, EdU, cell scratch test and Transwell assay were conducted to examine the viability, multiplication, migration and invasion of NSCLC cell lines H1650 and HCC827. The binding sites between circ_0001806 and miR-1182, miR-1182 and NOVA2 mRNA were predicted by the circular RNA Interactome and TargetScan databases, and the dual-luciferase reporter gene experiment was employed for verification. Western blot was implemented to examine NOVA2 expression. Results Circ_0001806 expression in NSCLC tissues and cell lines was substantially augmented, while miR-1182 expression was markedly decreased. Circ_0001806 facilitated the multiplication, migration and invasion of H1650 and HCC827 cells, while miR-1182 exerted the opposite effect. Circ_0001806 indirectly enhanced NOVA2 expression by specifically down-modulating miR-1182. Conclusion Circ_0001806 augments NOVA2 expression by targeting miR-1182 to enhance the multiplication, migration and invasion of NSCLC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenni Yi
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong Province, 264000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhan Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong Province, 264000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuqin Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong Province, 264000, People's Republic of China
| | - Tiantian Du
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong Province, 264000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuhong Chu
- Department of Nursing, Yantai YEDA Hospital, Yantai, Shandong Province, 264006, People's Republic of China
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Circular RNA circ_0000372 contributes to the proliferation, migration and invasion of colorectal cancer by elevating IL6 expression via sponging miR-495. Anticancer Drugs 2021; 32:296-305. [PMID: 33534412 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000001002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Circular RNAs are thought to play a vital function in the progression of various cancers, including colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the biological function and mechanism of circ_0000372 in CRC are still not clear. The expression of circ_0000372 and microRNA (miR)-495 was examined by quantitative real-time PCR. Cell proliferation was evaluated using cell counting kit 8 and colony formation assays. Further, cell migration and invasion were assessed using transwell assay. Additionally, western blot analysis was used to detect the expression of proteins associated with proliferation, metastasis, Janus kinase 2 (JAK2)/signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT3) signaling pathway and interleukin 6 (IL6). Dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation assay were employed to verify the interaction between miR-495 and circ_0000372 or IL6. Furthermore, the effect of circ_0000372 on CRC tumor growth in vivo was explored using the mice xenograft models. Circ_0000372 was markedly upregulated in CRC, and its high expression was associated with the poor prognosis of CRC patients. Silenced circ_0000372 was able to suppress CRC cell proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro and CRC tumor growth in vivo. Bioinformatics prediction and experimental verification proposed that circ_0000372 could sponge miR-495, and miR-495 could target IL6. Besides, the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway activation could be regulated by circ_0000372, miR-495 and IL6. Rescue assay results confirmed that the inhibition effect of circ_0000372 knockdown on the proliferation and metastasis of CRC could be reversed by miR-495 inhibitor or IL6 overexpression. In short, we concluded that circ_0000372 promoted CRC progression by regulating the miR-495/IL6 axis, suggesting that circ_0000372 could be used as a new prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for CRC.
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Ye J, Liu J, Tang T, Xin L, Bao X, Yan Y. LINC00963 affects the development of colorectal cancer via MiR-532-3p/HMGA2 axis. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:87. [PMID: 33536018 PMCID: PMC7860506 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01706-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background LINC00963 is high-expressed in various carcinomas, but its expression and function in colorectal cancer (CRC) have not been explored. This study explored the role and mechanism of LINC00963 in CRC. Methods The expression of LINC00963 in CRC and its relationship with prognosis were examined by starBase and survival analysis. The effects of LINC00963, miR-532-3p and HMGA2 on the biological characteristics and EMT-related genes of CRC cells were studied by RT-qPCR, CCK-8, clone formation experiments, flow cytometry, scratch test, Transwell, and Western blot. Xenograft assay and immunohistochemistry were performed to verify the effect of LINC00963 on tumor growth. The correlation among LINC00963, miR-532-3p, and HMGA2 was analyzed by bioinformatics analysis, luciferase assay, and Pearson test. Results LINC00963 was high-expressed in CRC, and this was associated with poor prognosis of CRC. Silencing LINC00963 inhibited the activity, proliferation, migration, and invasion of CRC cells, MMP-3 and MMP-9 expressions, moreover, it also blocked cell cycle progression, and inhibited tumor growth and Ki67 expression. However, overexpression of LINC00963 showed the opposite effects to silencing LINC00963. LINC00963 targeted miR-532-3p to regulate HMGA2 expression. Down-regulation of miR-532-3p promoted cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and expressions of MMP-3 and MMP-9, and knockdown of HMGA2 reversed the effect of miR-532-3p inhibitor. Up-regulation of miR-532-3p inhibited the biological functions of CRC cells, and overexpression of HMGA2 reversed the miR-532-3p mimic effect. Conclusion LINC00963 affects the development of CRC through the miR-532-3p/HMGA2 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjun Ye
- Department of General Surgery, Shenzhen Longgang Central Hospital, No.6082 Longgang Avenue, Longgang District, Shenzhen, 518116, Guangdong, China
| | - Jidong Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Shenzhen Longgang Central Hospital, No.6082 Longgang Avenue, Longgang District, Shenzhen, 518116, Guangdong, China
| | - Tao Tang
- Department of General Surgery, Shenzhen Longgang Central Hospital, No.6082 Longgang Avenue, Longgang District, Shenzhen, 518116, Guangdong, China
| | - Le Xin
- Department of General Surgery, Shenzhen Longgang Central Hospital, No.6082 Longgang Avenue, Longgang District, Shenzhen, 518116, Guangdong, China
| | - Xing Bao
- Department of General Surgery, Shenzhen Longgang Central Hospital, No.6082 Longgang Avenue, Longgang District, Shenzhen, 518116, Guangdong, China
| | - Yukuang Yan
- Department of General Surgery, Shenzhen Longgang Central Hospital, No.6082 Longgang Avenue, Longgang District, Shenzhen, 518116, Guangdong, China.
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Long F, Lin Z, Li L, Ma M, Lu Z, Jing L, Li X, Lin C. Comprehensive landscape and future perspectives of circular RNAs in colorectal cancer. Mol Cancer 2021; 20:26. [PMID: 33536039 PMCID: PMC7856739 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-021-01318-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common hereditary tumor that is often fatal. Its pathogenesis involves multiple genes, including circular RNAs (circRNAs). Notably, circRNAs constitute a new class of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) with a covalently closed loop structure and have been characterized as stable, conserved molecules that are abundantly expressed in tissue/development-specific patterns in eukaryotes. Based on accumulating evidence, circRNAs are aberrantly expressed in CRC tissues, cells, exosomes, and blood from patients with CRC. Moreover, numerous circRNAs have been identified as either oncogenes or tumor suppressors that mediate tumorigenesis, metastasis and chemoradiation resistance in CRC. Although the regulatory mechanisms of circRNA biogenesis and functions remain fairly elusive, interesting results have been obtained in studies investigating CRC. In particular, the expression of circRNAs in CRC is comprehensively modulated by multiple factors, such as splicing factors, transcription factors, specific enzymes and cis-acting elements. More importantly, circRNAs exert pivotal effects on CRC through various mechanisms, including acting as miRNA sponges or decoys, interacting with RNA binding proteins, and even translating functional peptides. Finally, circRNAs may serve as promising diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets in the clinical practice of CRC. In this review, we discuss the dysregulation, functions and clinical significance of circRNAs in CRC and further discuss the molecular mechanisms by which circRNAs exert their functions and how their expression is regulated. Based on this review, we hope to reveal the functions of circRNAs in the initiation and progression of cancer and highlight the future perspectives on strategies targeting circRNAs in cancer research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Long
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, P.R. China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of The University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, P.R. China
| | - Zhi Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P.R. China
| | - Liang Li
- Class 25 Grade 2016, The Five-Year Program in Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, P.R. China
| | - Min Ma
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, P.R. China
| | - Zhixing Lu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, P.R. China
| | - Liang Jing
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, P.R. China
| | - Xiaorong Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, P.R. China.
| | - Changwei Lin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, P.R. China.
- School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.
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Liu X, Gao L, Shi S, Yang Y. Clinical Significance of has_circ_0055625 in Colon Cancer Patients Undergoing FOLFOX Chemotherapy Treatment. Int J Gen Med 2021; 14:221-227. [PMID: 33519228 PMCID: PMC7837584 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s290440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Colon cancer is a leading global cancer-related cause of morbidity and mortality. The oxaliplatin, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), and leucovorin (FOLFOX) regimen is a standard chemotherapeutic approach used to treat colon cancer. However, chemoresistant tumor cells typically lead to the emergence of recurrent FOLFOX-resistant tumors after initial treatment. As such, it is vital that novel approaches to identifying and eliminating such chemoresistant tumors be developed in an effort to improve patient chemotherapy outcomes. Materials and Methods In total, 100 samples of serum were obtained between April 2014 and April 2019 from patients who had been pathologically diagnosed with colon cancer from the Xiamen Haicang Hospital, and after these patients received FOLFOX chemotherapy treatment, serum samples were collected again. The expression of has_circ_0055625 in these serum samples was assessed via qPCR. Additionally, 5-FU IC50 values were detected via CCK-8 assay. Results We found has_circ_0055625 to be significantly upregulated in colon cancer patient serum. After FOLFOX treatment, chemotherapy-resistance was associated with the upregulation of has_circ_0055625. Conclusion In summary, these data may provide a foundation for future studies of chemotherapeutic resistance in patients undergoing FOLFOX treatment, potentially guiding treatment adjustment strategies. However, further work will be necessary to expand upon these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuhua Liu
- Department of Pathology, Xiamen Haicang Hospital, Xiamen, Fujian, 361000, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Gao
- Department of Pathology, Xiamen Haicang Hospital, Xiamen, Fujian, 361000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaoxin Shi
- Department of Pathology, Xiamen Haicang Hospital, Xiamen, Fujian, 361000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Yang
- Department of Pathology, Xiamen Haicang Hospital, Xiamen, Fujian, 361000, People's Republic of China
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50
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Zhou H, Zheng XD, Lin CM, Min J, Hu S, Hu Y, Li LY, Chen JS, Liu YM, Li HD, Meng XM, Li J, Yang YR, Xu T. Advancement and properties of circular RNAs in prostate cancer: An emerging and compelling frontier for discovering. Int J Biol Sci 2021; 17:651-669. [PMID: 33613119 PMCID: PMC7893591 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.52266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PC) is the most common carcinoma among men worldwide which results in 26% of leading causes of cancer-related death. However, the ideal and effective molecular marker remains elusive. CircRNA, initially observed in plant-infected viruses and Sendai virus in 1979, is generated from pre-mRNA back-splicing and comes in to play by adequate expression. The differential expression in prostate tissues compared with the control reveals the promising capacity in modulating processes including carcinogenesis and metastasis. However, the biological mechanisms of regulatory network in PC needs to systemically concluded. In this review, we enlightened the comprehensive studies on the definite mechanisms of circRNAs affecting tumor progression and metastasis. What's more, we validated the potential clinical application of circRNAs serving as diagnostic and prognostic biomarker. The discussion and analysis in circRNAs will broaden our knowledge of the pathogenesis of PC and further optimize the current therapies against different condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui Provincial Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC West District, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230031, China.,Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.,Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Xu-Dong Zheng
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.,Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Chang-Ming Lin
- Department of Urology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230011, China
| | - Jie Min
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Shuang Hu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.,Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Ying Hu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.,Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Liang-Yun Li
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.,Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Jia-Si Chen
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.,Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Yu-Min Liu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.,Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Hao-Dong Li
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.,Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Meng
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.,Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Jun Li
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.,Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Ya-Ru Yang
- Department of Clinical Trial Research Center, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Tao Xu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.,Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
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