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Caseys C, Muhich AJ, Vega J, Ahmed M, Hopper A, Kelly D, Kim S, Madrone M, Plaziak T, Wang M, Kliebenstein DJ. Leaf abaxial and adaxial surfaces differentially affect the interaction of Botrytis cinerea across several eudicots. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 39367581 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.17055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 09/17/2024] [Indexed: 10/06/2024]
Abstract
Eudicot plant species have leaves with two surfaces: the lower abaxial and the upper adaxial surface. Each surface varies in a diversity of components and molecular signals, resulting in potentially different degrees of resistance to pathogens. We tested how Botrytis cinerea, a necrotroph fungal pathogen, interacts with the two different leaf surfaces across 16 crop species and 20 Arabidopsis genotypes. This showed that the abaxial surface is generally more susceptible to the pathogen than the adaxial surface. In Arabidopsis, the differential lesion area between leaf surfaces was associated with jasmonic acid (JA) and salicylic acid (SA) signaling and differential induction of defense chemistry across the two surfaces. When infecting the adaxial surface, leaves mounted stronger defenses by producing more glucosinolates and camalexin defense compounds, partially explaining the differential susceptibility across surfaces. Testing a collection of 96 B. cinerea strains showed the genetic heterogeneity of growth patterns, with a few strains preferring the adaxial surface while most are more virulent on the abaxial surface. Overall, we show that leaf-Botrytis interactions are complex with host-specific, surface-specific, and strain-specific patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celine Caseys
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Anna Jo Muhich
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
- Plant Biology Graduate Group, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Josue Vega
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Maha Ahmed
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Aleshia Hopper
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - David Kelly
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Sydney Kim
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Matisse Madrone
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Taylor Plaziak
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Melissa Wang
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Daniel J Kliebenstein
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
- Plant Biology Graduate Group, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
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Hallas-Møller M, Burow M, Henrissat B, Johansen KS. Cryptococcus neoformans: plant-microbe interactions and ecology. Trends Microbiol 2024; 32:984-995. [PMID: 38519353 DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2024.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
While the opportunistic human pathogens Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii are often isolated from plants and plant-related material, evidence suggests that these Cryptococcus species do not directly infect plants. Studies find that plants are important for Cryptococcus mating and dispersal. However, these studies have not provided enough detail about how plants and these fungi interact, especially in ways that could show the fungi are capable of causing disease. This review synthesizes recent findings from studies utilizing different plant models associated with the ecology of C. neoformans and C. gattii. Unanswered questions about their environmental role are highlighted. Overall, current research indicates that Cryptococcus utilizes plants as a substrate rather than harming them, arguing against Cryptococcus as a genuine plant pathogen. We hypothesize that plants represent reservoirs that aid dispersal, not hosts vulnerable to infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magnus Hallas-Møller
- Department of Geoscience and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 23, 1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Meike Burow
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Bernard Henrissat
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads 224, 2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Katja Salomon Johansen
- Department of Geoscience and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 23, 1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
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3
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Ma N, Sun T, Liu G, Wang Q, Liu C, Liu N, Han S, Zhen W, Hou C, Wang D. Translationally controlled tumor protein interacts with TaCIPK23 to positively regulate wheat resistance to Puccinia triticina. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 120:302-317. [PMID: 39180235 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024]
Abstract
Hypersensitive response-programmed cell death (HR-PCD) regulated by Ca2+ signal is considered the major regulator of resistance against Puccinia triticina (Pt.) infection in wheat. In this study, the bread wheat variety Thatcher and its near-isogenic line with the leaf rust resistance locus Lr26 were infected with the Pt. race 260 to obtain the compatible and incompatible combinations, respectively. The expression of translationally controlled tumor protein (TaTCTP) was upregulated upon infection with Pt., through a Ca2+-dependent mechanism in the incompatible combination. The knockdown of TaTCTP markedly increased the area of dying cell and the number of Pt. haustorial mother cells (HMCs) at the infection sites, whereas plants overexpressing the gene exhibited enhanced resistance. The interaction between TaTCTP and calcineurin B-like protein-interacting protein kinase 23 (TaCIPK23) was also investigated, and the interaction was found occurred in the endoplasmic reticulum. TaCIPK23 phosphorylated TaTCTP in vitro. The expression of a phospho-mimic TaTCTP mutant in Nicotiana benthamiana promoted HR-like cell death. Silencing TaCIPK23 or TaCIPK23/TaTCTP co-silencing resulted in the same results as silencing TaTCTP. This suggested that TaTCTP is a novel phosphorylation target of TaCIPK23, and both participate in the resistance of wheat to Pt. in the same pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Baoding, China
- Key Laboratory of Hebei Province for Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, Baoding, China
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Tianjie Sun
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Baoding, China
- Key Laboratory of Hebei Province for Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, Baoding, China
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Gang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Baoding, China
- Key Laboratory of Hebei Province for Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, Baoding, China
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Qian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Baoding, China
- Key Laboratory of Hebei Province for Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, Baoding, China
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Chunji Liu
- CSIRO Plant Industry, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Na Liu
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Baoding, China
- Key Laboratory of Hebei Province for Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, Baoding, China
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Shengfang Han
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Baoding, China
- Key Laboratory of Hebei Province for Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, Baoding, China
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Wenchao Zhen
- Key Laboratory of Regulation and Control of Crop Growth of Hebei, Baoding, China
- College of Agronomy, Hebei Agriculture University, Baoding, China
| | - Chunyan Hou
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Baoding, China
- Key Laboratory of Hebei Province for Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, Baoding, China
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Dongmei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Baoding, China
- Key Laboratory of Hebei Province for Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, Baoding, China
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
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4
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Chen N, Zou C, Pan LL, Du H, Yang JJ, Liu SS, Wang XW. Cotton leaf curl Multan virus subverts the processing of hydroxyproline-rich systemin to suppress tobacco defenses against insect vectors. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2024; 75:5819-5838. [PMID: 38829390 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erae257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Insect vector-virus-plant interactions have important ecological and evolutionary implications. The constant struggle of plants against viruses and insect vectors has driven the evolution of multiple defense strategies in the host as well as counter-defense strategies in the viruses and insect vectors. Cotton leaf curl Multan virus (CLCuMuV) is a major causal agent of cotton leaf curl disease in Asia and is exclusively transmitted by the whitefly Bemisia tabaci. Here, we report that plants infected with CLCuMuV and its betasatellite CLCuMuB enhance the performance of the B. tabaci vector, and βC1 encoded by CLCuMuB plays an important role in begomovirus-whitefly-tobacco tripartite interactions. We showed that CLCuMuB βC1 suppresses the jasmonic acid signaling pathway by interacting with the subtilisin-like protease 1.7 (NtSBT1.7) protein, thereby enhancing whitefly performance on tobacco plants. Further studies revealed that in wild-type plants, NtSBT1.7 could process tobacco preprohydroxyproline-rich systemin B (NtpreproHypSysB). After CLCuMuB infection, CLCuMuB βC1 could interfere with the processing of NtpreproHypSysB by NtSBT1.7, thereby impairing plant defenses against whitefly. These results contribute to our understanding of tripartite interactions among virus, plant, and whitefly, thus offering ecological insights into the spread of vector insect populations and the prevalence of viral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, and Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China
| | - Chi Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, and Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China
- Zhenhai Agricultural Technology Extension Station, 569 Minhe Road, Ningbo 310000, China
| | - Li-Long Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, and Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China
| | - Hui Du
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, and Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing-Jing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, and Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China
| | - Shu-Sheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, and Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, and Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China
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5
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Zhong Q, Xu Y, Rao Y. Mechanism of Rice Resistance to Bacterial Leaf Blight via Phytohormones. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:2541. [PMID: 39339516 PMCID: PMC11434988 DOI: 10.3390/plants13182541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2024] [Revised: 09/05/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024]
Abstract
Rice is one of the most important food crops in the world, and its yield restricts global food security. However, various diseases and pests of rice pose a great threat to food security. Among them, bacterial leaf blight (BLB) caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) is one of the most serious bacterial diseases affecting rice globally, creating an increasingly urgent need for research in breeding resistant varieties. Phytohormones are widely involved in disease resistance, such as auxin, abscisic acid (ABA), ethylene (ET), jasmonic acid (JA), and salicylic acid (SA). In recent years, breakthroughs have been made in the analysis of their regulatory mechanism in BLB resistance in rice. In this review, a series of achievements of phytohormones in rice BLB resistance in recent years were summarized, the genes involved and their signaling pathways were reviewed, and a breeding strategy combining the phytohormones regulation network with modern breeding techniques was proposed, with the intention of applying this strategy to molecular breeding work and playing a reference role for how to further improve rice resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Zhong
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Yuqing Xu
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Yuchun Rao
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
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Yan Y, Wang H, Bi Y, Song F. Rice E3 ubiquitin ligases: From key modulators of host immunity to potential breeding applications. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2024:101128. [PMID: 39245936 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2024.101128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2024] [Revised: 08/17/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
To combat pathogen attacks, plants have developed a highly advanced immune system, which requires tight regulation to initiate robust defense responses while simultaneously preventing autoimmunity. The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS), which is responsible for degrading excess or misfolded proteins, has vital roles in ensuring strong and effective immune responses. E3 ligases, as key UPS components, play extensively documented roles in rice immunity by modulating the ubiquitination and degradation of downstream substrates involved in various immune signaling pathways. Here, we summarize the crucial roles of rice E3 ligases in both pathogen/microbe/damage-associated molecular pattern-triggered immunity and effector-triggered immunity, highlight the molecular mechanisms by which E3 ligases function in rice immune signaling, and emphasize the functions of E3 ligases as targets of pathogen effectors for pathogenesis. We also discuss potential strategies for application of immunity-associated E3 ligases in breeding of disease-resistant rice varieties without growth penalty. This review provides a comprehensive and updated understanding of the sophisticated and interconnected regulatory functions of E3 ligases in rice immunity and in balancing immunity with growth and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Yan
- National Key Laboratory for Rice Biology and Breeding, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Hui Wang
- National Key Laboratory for Rice Biology and Breeding, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yan Bi
- National Key Laboratory for Rice Biology and Breeding, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Fengming Song
- National Key Laboratory for Rice Biology and Breeding, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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7
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Yan Y, Wang H, Bi Y, Wang J, Li D, Song F. A distinct protein posttranslational modifications-linked OsATL32-OsPPKL2-OsGSK2 loop modulates rice immunity against blast disease. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 243:2332-2350. [PMID: 39056291 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Protein posttranslational modifications play crucial roles in plant immunity through modulating a complicated signaling network mediated by different hormones. We previously demonstrated that OsATL32, an ATL-type E3 ligase, negatively contributes to rice immunity against Magnaporthe oryzae. Here, we show that OsATL32 forms a loop with OsPPKL2 and OsGSK2 through distinct protein posttranslational modifications to modulate rice immunity. OsATL32 ubiquitinates OsPPKL2, a protein phosphatase with Kelch-like repeat domains that exerts positive roles in regulating rice immunity against M. oryzae and chitin-triggered immune responses, for degradation. The glycogen synthase kinase 2 (OsGSK2), which acts as a negative regulator of rice immunity against M. oryzae and chitin-triggered immune responses, phosphorylates OsATL32 to elevate its protein stability and E3 ligase activity on OsPPKL2. Moreover, OsPPKL2 directly dephosphorylates OsGSK2, affecting its kinase activity on substrates including OsATL32 for phosphorylation. Like OsGSK2 as a BR signaling repressor, OsATL32 negatively regulates BR signaling; conversely, OsPPKL2 plays a positive role in BR signaling. These findings provide a molecular mechanism in which OsATL32 serves as a node connecting BR signaling and immunity by associating with OsPPKL2 and OsGSK2, assembling into a distinct protein posttranslational modifications-linked loop that functions in rice BR signaling and immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Yan
- National Key Laboratory for Rice Biology and Breeding, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Hui Wang
- National Key Laboratory for Rice Biology and Breeding, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yan Bi
- National Key Laboratory for Rice Biology and Breeding, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jiajing Wang
- National Key Laboratory for Rice Biology and Breeding, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Dayong Li
- National Key Laboratory for Rice Biology and Breeding, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Fengming Song
- National Key Laboratory for Rice Biology and Breeding, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
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8
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Nakagami S, Wang Z, Han X, Tsuda K. Regulation of Bacterial Growth and Behavior by Host Plant. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2024; 62:69-96. [PMID: 38857544 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-phyto-010824-023359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Plants are associated with diverse bacteria in nature. Some bacteria are pathogens that decrease plant fitness, and others are beneficial bacteria that promote plant growth and stress resistance. Emerging evidence also suggests that plant-associated commensal bacteria collectively contribute to plant health and are essential for plant survival in nature. Bacteria with different characteristics simultaneously colonize plant tissues. Thus, plants need to accommodate bacteria that provide service to the host plants, but they need to defend against pathogens at the same time. How do plants achieve this? In this review, we summarize how plants use physical barriers, control common goods such as water and nutrients, and produce antibacterial molecules to regulate bacterial growth and behavior. Furthermore, we highlight that plants use specialized metabolites that support or inhibit specific bacteria, thereby selectively recruiting plant-associated bacterial communities and regulating their function. We also raise important questions that need to be addressed to improve our understanding of plant-bacteria interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoru Nakagami
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China;
| | - Zhe Wang
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China;
| | - Xiaowei Han
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China;
| | - Kenichi Tsuda
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China;
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9
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Wang H, Bi Y, Yan Y, Yuan X, Gao Y, Noman M, Li D, Song F. A NAC transcription factor MNAC3-centered regulatory network negatively modulates rice immunity against blast disease. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 66:2017-2041. [PMID: 38953747 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
NAC transcription factors (TFs) are pivotal in plant immunity against diverse pathogens. Here, we report the functional and regulatory network of MNAC3, a novel NAC TF, in rice immunity. MNAC3, a transcriptional activator, negatively modulates rice immunity against blast and bacterial leaf blight diseases and pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP)-triggered immune responses. MNAC3 binds to a CACG cis-element and activates the transcription of immune-negative target genes OsINO80, OsJAZ10, and OsJAZ11. The negative function of MNAC3 in rice immunity depends on its transcription of downstream genes such as OsINO80 and OsJAZ10. MNAC3 interacts with immunity-related OsPP2C41 (a protein phosphatase), ONAC066 (a NAC TF), and OsDjA6 (a DnaJ chaperone). ONAC066 and OsPP2C41 attenuate MNAC3 transcriptional activity, while OsDjA6 promotes it. Phosphorylation of MNAC3 at S163 is critical for its negative functions in rice immunity. OsPP2C41, which plays positive roles in rice blast resistance and chitin-triggered immune responses, dephosphorylates MNAC3, suppressing its transcriptional activity on the target genes OsINO80, OsJAZ10, and OsJAZ11 and promoting the translocation of MNAC3 from nucleus to cytoplasm. These results establish a MNAC3-centered regulatory network in which OsPP2C41 dephosphorylates MNAC3, attenuating its transcriptional activity on downstream immune-negative target genes in rice. Together, these findings deepen our understanding of molecular mechanisms in rice immunity and offer a novel strategy for genetic improvement of rice disease resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- National Key Laboratory for Rice Biology and Breeding, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yan Bi
- National Key Laboratory for Rice Biology and Breeding, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yuqing Yan
- National Key Laboratory for Rice Biology and Breeding, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xi Yuan
- National Key Laboratory for Rice Biology and Breeding, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China
| | - Yizhou Gao
- National Key Laboratory for Rice Biology and Breeding, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Muhammad Noman
- National Key Laboratory for Rice Biology and Breeding, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Dayong Li
- National Key Laboratory for Rice Biology and Breeding, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Fengming Song
- National Key Laboratory for Rice Biology and Breeding, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
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10
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Srivastava V, Patra K, Pai H, Aguilar-Pontes MV, Berasategui A, Kamble A, Di Pietro A, Redkar A. Molecular Dialogue During Host Manipulation by the Vascular Wilt Fungus Fusarium oxysporum. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2024; 62:97-126. [PMID: 38885471 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-phyto-021722-034823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Vascular wilt fungi are a group of hemibiotrophic phytopathogens that infect diverse crop plants. These pathogens have adapted to thrive in the nutrient-deprived niche of the plant xylem. Identification and functional characterization of effectors and their role in the establishment of compatibility across multiple hosts, suppression of plant defense, host reprogramming, and interaction with surrounding microbes have been studied mainly in model vascular wilt pathogens Fusarium oxysporum and Verticillium dahliae. Comparative analysis of genomes from fungal isolates has accelerated our understanding of genome compartmentalization and its role in effector evolution. Also, advances in recent years have shed light on the cross talk of root-infecting fungi across multiple scales from the cellular to the ecosystem level, covering their interaction with the plant microbiome as well as their interkingdom signaling. This review elaborates on our current understanding of the cross talk between vascular wilt fungi and the host plant, which eventually leads to a specialized lifestyle in the xylem. We particularly focus on recent findings in F. oxysporum, including multihost associations, and how they have contributed to understanding the biology of fungal adaptation to the xylem. In addition, we discuss emerging research areas and highlight open questions and future challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidha Srivastava
- National Centre for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (NCBS-TIFR), Bengaluru, India;
| | - Kuntal Patra
- National Centre for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (NCBS-TIFR), Bengaluru, India;
| | - Hsuan Pai
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | | | - Aileen Berasategui
- Amsterdam Institute for Life and Environment, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Avinash Kamble
- Department of Botany, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, India
| | | | - Amey Redkar
- National Centre for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (NCBS-TIFR), Bengaluru, India;
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11
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Engelberth J. Green Leaf Volatiles: A New Player in the Protection against Abiotic Stresses? Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:9471. [PMID: 39273416 PMCID: PMC11395555 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25179471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2024] [Revised: 08/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
To date, the role of green leaf volatiles (GLVs) has been mainly constrained to protecting plants against pests and pathogens. However, increasing evidence suggests that among the stresses that can significantly harm plants, GLVs can also provide significant protection against heat, cold, drought, light, and salinity stress. But while the molecular basis for this protection is still largely unknown, it seems obvious that a common theme in the way GLVs work is that most, if not all, of these stresses are associated with physical damage to the plants, which, in turn, is the major event responsible for the production of GLVs. Here, I summarize the current state of knowledge on GLVs and abiotic stresses and provide a model explaining the multifunctionality of these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jurgen Engelberth
- Department of Integrative Biology, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78247, USA
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12
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Grossi CEM, Tani A, Mori IC, Matsuura T, Ulloa RM. Plant growth-promoting abilities of Methylobacterium sp. 2A involve auxin-mediated regulation of the root architecture. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024. [PMID: 39189962 DOI: 10.1111/pce.15116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
Methylobacterium sp. 2A, a plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) able to produce indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), significantly promoted the growth of Arabidopsis thaliana plants in vitro. We aimed to understand the determinants of Methylobacterium sp. 2A-A. thaliana interaction, the factors underlying plant growth-promotion and the host range. Methylobacterium sp. 2A displayed chemotaxis to methanol and formaldehyde and was able to utilise 1-aminocyclopropane carboxylate as a nitrogen source. Confocal microscopy confirmed that fluorescent protein-labelled Methylobacterium sp. 2A colonises the apoplast of A. thaliana primary root cells and its inoculation increased jasmonic and salicylic acid in A. thaliana, while IAA levels remained constant. However, inoculation increased DR5 promoter activity in root tips of A. thaliana and tomato plants. Inoculation of this PGPR partially restored the agravitropic response in yucQ mutants and lateral root density was enhanced in iaa19, arf7, and arf19 mutant seedlings. Furthermore, Methylobacterium sp. 2A volatile organic compounds (VOCs) had a dose-dependent effect on the growth of A. thaliana. This PGPR is also able to interact with monocots eliciting positive responses upon inoculation. Methylobacterium sp. 2A plant growth-promoting effects can be achieved through the regulation of plant hormone levels and the emission of VOCs that act either locally or at a distance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia E M Grossi
- Laboratorio de Transducción de Señales en Plantas, Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular (INGEBI), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Akio Tani
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Izumi C Mori
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Takakazu Matsuura
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Rita M Ulloa
- Laboratorio de Transducción de Señales en Plantas, Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular (INGEBI), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
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13
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Renganathan P, Puente EOR, Sukhanova NV, Gaysina LA. Hydroponics with Microalgae and Cyanobacteria: Emerging Trends and Opportunities in Modern Agriculture. BIOTECH 2024; 13:27. [PMID: 39051342 PMCID: PMC11270261 DOI: 10.3390/biotech13030027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The global population is expected to reach 9.5 billion, which means that crop productivity needs to double to meet the growing population's food demand. Soil degradation and environmental factors, such as climate events, significantly threaten crop production and global food security. Furthermore, rapid urbanization has led to 55% of the world's population migrating to cities, and this proportion is expected to increase to 75% by 2050, which presents significant challenges in producing staple foods through conventional hinterland farming. Numerous studies have proposed various sustainable farming techniques to combat the shortage of farmable land and increase food security in urban areas. Soilless farming techniques such as hydroponics have gained worldwide popularity due to their resource efficiency and production of superior-quality fresh products. However, using chemical nutrients in a conventional hydroponic system can have significant environmental impacts, including eutrophication and resource depletion. Incorporating microalgae into hydroponic systems as biostimulants offers a sustainable and ecofriendly approach toward circular bioeconomy strategies. The present review summarizes the plant growth-promoting activity of microalgae as biostimulants and their mechanisms of action. We discuss their effects on plant growth parameters under different applications, emphasizing the significance of integrating microalgae into a closed-loop circular economy model to sustainably meet global food demands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhaharan Renganathan
- Department of Bioecology and Biological Education, M. Akmullah Bashkir State Pedagogical University, 450000 Ufa, Russia; (P.R.); (N.V.S.)
| | - Edgar Omar Rueda Puente
- Departamento de Agricultura y Ganadería, Universidad de Sonora, Blvd. Luis Encinas y Rosales, Hermosillo 83000, Sonora, Mexico;
| | - Natalia V. Sukhanova
- Department of Bioecology and Biological Education, M. Akmullah Bashkir State Pedagogical University, 450000 Ufa, Russia; (P.R.); (N.V.S.)
| | - Lira A. Gaysina
- Department of Bioecology and Biological Education, M. Akmullah Bashkir State Pedagogical University, 450000 Ufa, Russia; (P.R.); (N.V.S.)
- All-Russian Research Institute of Phytopathology, 143050 Bolshye Vyazemy, Russia
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14
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Tian M, Dai Y, Noman M, Li R, Li X, Wu X, Wang H, Song F, Li D. Genome-wide characterization and functional analysis of the melon TGA gene family in disease resistance through ectopic overexpression in Arabidopsis thaliana. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 212:108784. [PMID: 38823093 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
TGA-binding (TGA) transcription factors, characterized by the basic region/leucine zipper motif (bZIP), have been recognized as pivotal regulators in plant growth, development, and stress responses through their binding to the as-1 element. In this study, the TGA gene families in melon, watermelon, cucumber, pumpkin, and zucchini were comprehensively characterized, encompassing analyses of gene/protein structures, phylogenetic relationships, gene duplication events, and cis-acting elements in gene promoters. Upon transient expression in Nicotiana benthamiana, the melon CmTGAs, with typical bZIP and DOG1 domains, were observed to localize within the nucleus. Biochemical investigation revealed specific interactions between CmTGA2/3/5/8/9 and CmNPR3 or CmNPR4. The CmTGA genes exhibited differential expression patterns in melon plants in response to different hormones like salicylic acid, methyl jasmonate, and ethylene, as well as a fungal pathogen, Stagonosporopsis cucurbitacearum that causes gummy stem blight in melon. The overexpression of CmTGA3, CmTGA8, and CmTGA9 in Arabidopsis plants resulted in the upregulation of AtPR1 and AtPR5 expression, thereby imparting enhanced resistance to Pseudomonas syringae pv. Tomato DC3000. In contrast, the overexpression of CmTGA7 or CmTGA9 resulted in a compromised resistance to Botrytis cinerea, coinciding with a concomitant reduction in the expression levels of AtPDF1.2 and AtMYC2 following infection with B. cinerea. These findings shed light on the important roles of specific CmTGA genes in plant immunity, suggesting that genetic manipulation of these genes could be a promising avenue for enhancing plant immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Tian
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China; Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Yujie Dai
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China; Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Muhammad Noman
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China; Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Ruotong Li
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China
| | - Xiaodan Li
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China; Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Xinyi Wu
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China; Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China; Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Fengming Song
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China; Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China.
| | - Dayong Li
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China; Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China.
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15
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Ijaz U, Zhao C, Shabala S, Zhou M. Molecular Basis of Plant-Pathogen Interactions in the Agricultural Context. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:421. [PMID: 38927301 PMCID: PMC11200688 DOI: 10.3390/biology13060421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Biotic stressors pose significant threats to crop yield, jeopardizing food security and resulting in losses of over USD 220 billion per year by the agriculture industry. Plants activate innate defense mechanisms upon pathogen perception and invasion. The plant immune response comprises numerous concerted steps, including the recognition of invading pathogens, signal transduction, and activation of defensive pathways. However, pathogens have evolved various structures to evade plant immunity. Given these facts, genetic improvements to plants are required for sustainable disease management to ensure global food security. Advanced genetic technologies have offered new opportunities to revolutionize and boost plant disease resistance against devastating pathogens. Furthermore, targeting susceptibility (S) genes, such as OsERF922 and BnWRKY70, through CRISPR methodologies offers novel avenues for disrupting the molecular compatibility of pathogens and for introducing durable resistance against them in plants. Here, we provide a critical overview of advances in understanding disease resistance mechanisms. The review also critically examines management strategies under challenging environmental conditions and R-gene-based plant genome-engineering systems intending to enhance plant responses against emerging pathogens. This work underscores the transformative potential of modern genetic engineering practices in revolutionizing plant health and crop disease management while emphasizing the importance of responsible application to ensure sustainable and resilient agricultural systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usman Ijaz
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS 7250, Australia; (U.I.); (C.Z.)
| | - Chenchen Zhao
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS 7250, Australia; (U.I.); (C.Z.)
| | - Sergey Shabala
- School of Biological Science, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia;
- International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Meixue Zhou
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS 7250, Australia; (U.I.); (C.Z.)
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16
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Wang Q, Cang X, Yan H, Zhang Z, Li W, He J, Zhang M, Lou L, Wang R, Chang M. Activating plant immunity: the hidden dance of intracellular Ca 2+ stores. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 242:2430-2439. [PMID: 38586981 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Calcium ion (Ca2+) serves as a versatile and conserved second messenger in orchestrating immune responses. In plants, plasma membrane-localized Ca2+-permeable channels can be activated to induce Ca2+ influx from extracellular space to cytosol upon pathogen infection. Notably, different immune elicitors can induce dynamic Ca2+ signatures in the cytosol. During pattern-triggered immunity, there is a rapid and transient increase in cytosolic Ca2+, whereas in effector-triggered immunity, the elevation of cytosolic Ca2+ is strong and sustained. Numerous Ca2+ sensors are localized in the cytosol or different intracellular organelles, which are responsible for detecting and converting Ca2+ signals. In fact, Ca2+ signaling coordinated by cytosol and subcellular compartments plays a crucial role in activating plant immune responses. However, the complete Ca2+ signaling network in plant cells is still largely ambiguous. This review offers a comprehensive insight into the collaborative role of intracellular Ca2+ stores in shaping the Ca2+ signaling network during plant immunity, and several intriguing questions for future research are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Disease and Pest Control (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xiaoyan Cang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Haiqiao Yan
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Disease and Pest Control (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zilu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Disease and Pest Control (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Wei Li
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Disease and Pest Control (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jinyu He
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Disease and Pest Control (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Meixiang Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Laiqing Lou
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Disease and Pest Control (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Ran Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Ming Chang
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Disease and Pest Control (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
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17
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Goggin FL, Fischer HD. Singlet oxygen signalling and its potential roles in plant biotic interactions. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024; 47:1957-1970. [PMID: 38372069 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Singlet oxygen (SO) is among the most potent reactive oxygen species, and readily oxidizes proteins, lipids and DNA. It can be generated at the plant surface by phototoxins in the epidermis, acting as a direct defense against pathogens and herbivores (including humans). SO can also accumulate within mitochondria, peroxisomes, cytosol and the nucleus through multiple enzymatic and nonenzymatic processes. However, the majority of research on intracellular SO generation in plants has focused on transfer of light energy to triplet oxygen by photopigments from the chloroplast. SO accumulates in response to diverse stresses that perturb chloroplast metabolism, and while its high reactivity limits diffusion distances, it participates in retrograde signalling through the EXECUTER1 sensor, generation of carotenoid metabolites and possibly other unknown pathways. SO thereby reprogrammes nuclear gene expression and modulates hormone signalling and programmed cell death. While SO signalling has long been known to regulate plant responses to high-light stress, recent literature also suggests a role in plant interactions with insects, bacteria and fungi. The goals of this review are to provide a brief overview of SO, summarize evidence for its involvement in biotic stress responses and discuss future directions for the study of SO in defense signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona L Goggin
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA
| | - Hillary D Fischer
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA
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18
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Tiwari K, Tripathi S, Mahra S, Mathew S, Rana S, Tripathi DK, Sharma S. Carrier-based delivery system of phytohormones in plants: stepping outside of the ordinary. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2024; 176:e14387. [PMID: 38925551 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Climate change is increasing the stresses on crops, resulting in reduced productivity and further augmenting global food security issues. The dynamic climatic conditions are a severe threat to the sustainability of the ecosystems. The role of technology in enhancing agricultural produce with the minimum environmental impact is hence crucial. Active molecule/Plant growth regulators (PGRs) are molecules helping plants' growth, development, and tolerance to abiotic and biotic stresses. However, their degradation, leaching in surrounding soil and ground water, as well as the assessment of the correct dose of application etc., are some of the technical disadvantages faced. They can be resolved by encapsulation/loading of PGRs on polymer matrices. Micro/nanoencapsulation is a revolutionary tool to deliver bioactive compounds in an economically affordable and environmentally friendly way. Carrier-based smart delivery systems could be a better alternative to PGRs application in the agriculture field than conventional methods (e.g., spraying). The physiochemical properties and release kinetics of PGRs from the encapsulating system are being explored. Therefore, the present review emphasizes the current status of PGRs encapsulation approach and their potential benefits to plants. This review also addressed the mechanistic action of carrier-based delivery systems for release, which may aid in developing smart delivery systems with specific tailored properties in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavita Tiwari
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj, UP, India
| | - Sneha Tripathi
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj, UP, India
| | - Shivani Mahra
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj, UP, India
| | - Sobhitha Mathew
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj, UP, India
| | - Shweta Rana
- Department of Physical and Natural Sciences, FLAME University Pune, India
| | - Durgesh Kumar Tripathi
- Crop Nanobiology and Molecular Stress Physiology Lab, Amity Institute of Organic Agriculture, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India
| | - Shivesh Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj, UP, India
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19
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Liu C, Chang X, Li F, Yan Y, Zuo X, Huang G, Li R. Transcriptome analysis of Citrus sinensis reveals potential responsive events triggered by Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus. PROTOPLASMA 2024; 261:499-512. [PMID: 38092896 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-023-01911-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
Citrus Huanglongbing (HLB), caused by Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas), is a devastating immune-mediated disorder that has a detrimental effect on the citrus industry, with the distinguishing feature being an eruption of reactive oxygen species (ROS). This study explored the alterations in antioxidant enzyme activity, transcriptome, and RNA editing events of organelles in C. sinensis during CLas infection. Results indicated that there were fluctuations in the performance of antioxidant enzymes, such as ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR), peroxidase (POD), and superoxide dismutase (SOD), in plants affected by HLB. Transcriptome analysis revealed 3604 genes with altered expression patterns between CLas-infected and healthy samples, including those associated with photosynthesis, biotic interactions, and phytohormones. Samples infected with CLas showed a decrease in the expression of most genes associated with photosynthesis and gibberellin metabolism. It was discovered that RNA editing frequency and the expression level of various genes in the chloroplast and mitochondrion genomes were affected by CLas infection. Our findings provide insights into the inhibition of photosynthesis, gibberellin metabolism, and antioxidant enzymes during CLas infection in C. sinensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiaopeng Chang
- College of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Fuxuan Li
- College of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yana Yan
- College of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiru Zuo
- College of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Guiyan Huang
- College of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Ruimin Li
- College of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China.
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20
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Inoue K, Tsuchida N, Saijo Y. Modulation of plant immunity and biotic interactions under phosphate deficiency. JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH 2024; 137:343-357. [PMID: 38693461 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-024-01546-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is an essential macronutrient for plant life and growth. P is primarily acquired in the form of inorganic phosphate (Pi) from soil. To cope with Pi deficiency, plants have evolved an elaborate system to improve Pi acquisition and utilization through an array of developmental and physiological changes, termed Pi starvation response (PSR). Plants also assemble and manage mutualistic microbes to enhance Pi uptake, through integrating PSR and immunity signaling. A trade-off between plant growth and defense favors the notion that plants lower a cellular state of immunity to accommodate host-beneficial microbes for nutrition and growth at the cost of infection risk. However, the existing data indicate that plants selectively activate defense responses against pathogens, but do not or less against non-pathogens, even under nutrient deficiency. In this review, we highlight recent advances in the principles and mechanisms with which plants balance immunity and growth-related processes to optimize their adaptation to Pi deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanako Inoue
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Takayama 8916-5, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Natsuki Tsuchida
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Takayama 8916-5, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Yusuke Saijo
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Takayama 8916-5, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192, Japan.
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21
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Ali J, Tonğa A, Islam T, Mir S, Mukarram M, Konôpková AS, Chen R. Defense strategies and associated phytohormonal regulation in Brassica plants in response to chewing and sap-sucking insects. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1376917. [PMID: 38645389 PMCID: PMC11026728 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1376917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Plants have evolved distinct defense strategies in response to a diverse range of chewing and sucking insect herbivory. While chewing insect herbivores, exemplified by caterpillars and beetles, cause visible tissue damage and induce jasmonic acid (JA)-mediated defense responses, sucking insects, such as aphids and whiteflies, delicately tap into the phloem sap and elicit salicylic acid (SA)-mediated defense responses. This review aims to highlight the specificity of defense strategies in Brassica plants and associated underlying molecular mechanisms when challenged by herbivorous insects from different feeding guilds (i.e., chewing and sucking insects). To establish such an understanding in Brassica plants, the typical defense responses were categorized into physical, chemical, and metabolic adjustments. Further, the impact of contrasting feeding patterns on Brassica is discussed in context to unique biochemical and molecular modus operandi that governs the resistance against chewing and sucking insect pests. Grasping these interactions is crucial to developing innovative and targeted pest management approaches to ensure ecosystem sustainability and Brassica productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamin Ali
- College of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- School of Life Sciences, Keele University, Newcastle-Under-Lyme, United Kingdom
| | - Adil Tonğa
- Entomology Department, Diyarbakır Plant Protection Research Institute, Diyarbakir, Türkiye
| | - Tarikul Islam
- Department of Entomology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
- Department of Entomology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Sajad Mir
- Entomology Section, Sher-E-Kashmir University of Agricultural Science and Technology, Kashmir, India
| | - Mohammad Mukarram
- Food and Plant Biology Group, Department of Plant Biology, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
- Department of Integrated Forest and Landscape Protection, Faculty of Forestry, Technical University in Zvolen, Zvolen, Slovakia
| | - Alena Sliacka Konôpková
- Department of Integrated Forest and Landscape Protection, Faculty of Forestry, Technical University in Zvolen, Zvolen, Slovakia
- Institute of Forest Ecology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Zvolen, Slovakia
| | - Rizhao Chen
- College of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
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Rehneke L, Schäfer P. Symbiont effector-guided mapping of proteins in plant networks to improve crop climate stress resilience: Symbiont effectors inform highly interconnected plant protein networks and provide an untapped resource for crop climate resilience strategies. Bioessays 2024; 46:e2300172. [PMID: 38388783 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202300172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
There is an urgent need for novel protection strategies to sustainably secure crop production under changing climates. Studying microbial effectors, defined as microbe-derived proteins that alter signalling inside plant cells, has advanced our understanding of plant immunity and microbial plant colonisation strategies. Our understanding of effectors in the establishment and beneficial outcome of plant symbioses is less well known. Combining functional and comparative interaction assays uncovered specific symbiont effector targets in highly interconnected plant signalling networks and revealed the potential of effectors in beneficially modulating plant traits. The diverse functionality of symbiont effectors differs from the paradigmatic immuno-suppressive function of pathogen effectors. These effectors provide solutions for improving crop resilience against climate stress by their evolution-driven specification in host protein targeting and modulation. Symbiont effectors represent stringent tools not only to identify genetic targets for crop breeding, but to serve as applicable agents in crop management strategies under changing environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Rehneke
- Institute of Phytopathology, Research Centre for BioSystems, Land Use and Nutrition, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Patrick Schäfer
- Institute of Phytopathology, Research Centre for BioSystems, Land Use and Nutrition, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
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23
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Xie X, Pei M, Liu S, Wang X, Gong S, Chen J, Zhang Y, Wang Z, Lu G, Li Y. Comprehensive Analysis of Autophagy-Related Genes in Rice Immunity against Magnaporthe oryzae. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:927. [PMID: 38611457 PMCID: PMC11013097 DOI: 10.3390/plants13070927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Rice blast disease, caused by the fungus Magnaporthe oryzae, is a significant threat to rice production. Resistant cultivars can effectively resist the invasion of M. oryzae. Thus, the identification of disease-resistant genes is of utmost importance for improving rice production. Autophagy, a cellular process that recycles damaged components, plays a vital role in plant growth, development, senescence, stress response, and immunity. To understand the involvement of autophagy-related genes (ATGs) in rice immune response against M. oryzae, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of 37 OsATGs, including bioinformatic analysis, transcriptome analysis, disease resistance analysis, and protein interaction analysis. Bioinformatic analysis revealed that the promoter regions of 33 OsATGs contained cis-acting elements responsive to salicylic acid (SA) or jasmonic acid (JA), two key hormones involved in plant defense responses. Transcriptome data showed that 21 OsATGs were upregulated during M. oryzae infection. Loss-of-function experiments demonstrated that OsATG6c, OsATG8a, OsATG9b, and OsATG13a contribute to rice blast resistance. Additionally, through protein interaction analysis, we identified five proteins that may interact with OsATG13a and potentially contribute to plant immunity. Our study highlights the important role of autophagy in rice immunity and suggests that OsATGs may enhance resistance to rice blast fungus through the involvement of SA, JA, or immune-related proteins. These findings provide valuable insights for future efforts in improving rice production through the identification and utilization of autophagy-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuze Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Universities Key Laboratory for Plant-Microbe Interaction, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (X.X.); (M.P.); (S.L.); (X.W.); (S.G.); (J.C.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Mengtian Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Universities Key Laboratory for Plant-Microbe Interaction, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (X.X.); (M.P.); (S.L.); (X.W.); (S.G.); (J.C.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Shan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Universities Key Laboratory for Plant-Microbe Interaction, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (X.X.); (M.P.); (S.L.); (X.W.); (S.G.); (J.C.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Xinxiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Universities Key Laboratory for Plant-Microbe Interaction, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (X.X.); (M.P.); (S.L.); (X.W.); (S.G.); (J.C.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Shanshan Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Universities Key Laboratory for Plant-Microbe Interaction, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (X.X.); (M.P.); (S.L.); (X.W.); (S.G.); (J.C.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Jing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Universities Key Laboratory for Plant-Microbe Interaction, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (X.X.); (M.P.); (S.L.); (X.W.); (S.G.); (J.C.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Ye Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Universities Key Laboratory for Plant-Microbe Interaction, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (X.X.); (M.P.); (S.L.); (X.W.); (S.G.); (J.C.); (Y.Z.)
- Fujian Provincial Quality Safety Inspection and Test Center for Agricultural Products, Fuzhou 350003, China
| | - Zonghua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Universities Key Laboratory for Plant-Microbe Interaction, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (X.X.); (M.P.); (S.L.); (X.W.); (S.G.); (J.C.); (Y.Z.)
- Fujian Key Laboratory on Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of Marine Biodiversity, Fuzhou Institute of Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China
- Ministerial and Provincial Joint Innovation Centre for Safety Production of Cross-Strait Crops, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Guodong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Universities Key Laboratory for Plant-Microbe Interaction, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (X.X.); (M.P.); (S.L.); (X.W.); (S.G.); (J.C.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Ya Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Universities Key Laboratory for Plant-Microbe Interaction, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (X.X.); (M.P.); (S.L.); (X.W.); (S.G.); (J.C.); (Y.Z.)
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, Fuzhou 350013, China
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24
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Xie S, Luo H, Huang W, Jin W, Dong Z. Striking a growth-defense balance: Stress regulators that function in maize development. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 66:424-442. [PMID: 37787439 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Maize (Zea mays) cultivation is strongly affected by both abiotic and biotic stress, leading to reduced growth and productivity. It has recently become clear that regulators of plant stress responses, including the phytohormones abscisic acid (ABA), ethylene (ET), and jasmonic acid (JA), together with reactive oxygen species (ROS), shape plant growth and development. Beyond their well established functions in stress responses, these molecules play crucial roles in balancing growth and defense, which must be finely tuned to achieve high yields in crops while maintaining some level of defense. In this review, we provide an in-depth analysis of recent research on the developmental functions of stress regulators, focusing specifically on maize. By unraveling the contributions of these regulators to maize development, we present new avenues for enhancing maize cultivation and growth while highlighting the potential risks associated with manipulating stress regulators to enhance grain yields in the face of environmental challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyi Xie
- Maize Engineering and Technology Research Center of Hunan Province, College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
- State Key Laboratory of Maize Bio-breeding, National Maize Improvement Center, Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Hongbing Luo
- Maize Engineering and Technology Research Center of Hunan Province, College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Wei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Maize Bio-breeding, National Maize Improvement Center, Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Weiwei Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Maize Bio-breeding, National Maize Improvement Center, Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Intelligent Breeding of Major Crops, Fresh Corn Research Center of BTH, College of Agronomy & Resources and Environment, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Zhaobin Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Maize Bio-breeding, National Maize Improvement Center, Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
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25
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Yadav U, Anand V, Kumar S, Verma I, Anshu A, Pandey IA, Kumar M, Behera SK, Srivastava S, Singh PC. Bacillus subtilis NBRI-W9 simultaneously activates SAR and ISR against Fusarium chlamydosporum NBRI-FOL7 to increase wilt resistance in tomato. J Appl Microbiol 2024; 135:lxae013. [PMID: 38268411 DOI: 10.1093/jambio/lxae013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
AIMS The study aimed to determine the pathogenicity of Fusarium species currently prevalent in tomato fields having history of chemical fungicide applications and determine the bio-efficacy of Bacillus subtilis NBRI-W9 as a potent biological control agent. METHODS AND RESULTS Fusarium was isolated from surface-sterilized infected tomato plants collected from fields. Pathogenicity of 30 Fusarium isolates was determined by in vitro and in vivo assays. Following Koch's postulates, F. chlamydosporum (FOL7) was identified as a virulent pathogen. The biological control of FOL 7 by B. subtilis NBRI-W9 (W9) and the colonization potential of W9 were established using spontaneous rifampicin-resistant mutants. W9 showed 82% inhibition of FOL7 on a dual-culture plate and colonization levels in tomato plants of ∼5.5, ∼3.3, and ∼2.2 log10 CFU/g in root, stem, and leaf tissue, respectively. Antagonistic activity was shown by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and cell-wall-degradative enzymes. W9 reduced FOL7 infection in net-house and field experiments by 60% and 41%, respectively. Biochemical investigation, defence enzymes, defence gene expression analysis, SEM, and field studies provide evidence of hyperparasitism and induced resistance as the mode of biological control. The study also demonstrates that the potent biocontrol agent W9, isolated from Piper, can colonize tomato plants, control fungal disease by inducing induced systemic resistance (ISR) and systemic acquired resistance (SAR) simultaneously, and increase crop yield by 21.58% under field conditions. CONCLUSIONS This study concludes that F. chlamydosporum (NBRI-FOL7) is a potent, fungicide-resistant pathogen causing wilt in tomatoes. NBRI-W9 controlled FOL7 through mycoparasitism and simultaneously activated ISR and SAR in plants, providing an attractive tool for disease control that acts at multiple levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udit Yadav
- Division of Microbial Technologies, CSIR- National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow 226001, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Vandana Anand
- Division of Microbial Technologies, CSIR- National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow 226001, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Sanjeev Kumar
- Division of Microbial Technologies, CSIR- National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow 226001, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Isha Verma
- Division of Microbial Technologies, CSIR- National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow 226001, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Anshu Anshu
- Division of Microbial Technologies, CSIR- National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow 226001, India
- Department of Botany, University of Lucknow, Hasanganj, Lucknow 226007, India
| | - Ishan Alok Pandey
- Division of Microbial Technologies, CSIR- National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow 226001, India
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
- Division of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, CSIR-NBRI, Lucknow 226001, India
| | - Sandip Kumar Behera
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
- Division of Plant Systematics and Herbarium, CSIR-NBRI, Lucknow 226001, India
| | - Suchi Srivastava
- Division of Microbial Technologies, CSIR- National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow 226001, India
- Division of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, CSIR-NBRI, Lucknow 226001, India
| | - Poonam C Singh
- Division of Microbial Technologies, CSIR- National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow 226001, India
- Division of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, CSIR-NBRI, Lucknow 226001, India
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26
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Hornstein ED, Charles M, Franklin M, Edwards B, Vintila S, Kleiner M, Sederoff H. IPD3, a master regulator of arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis, affects genes for immunity and metabolism of non-host Arabidopsis when restored long after its evolutionary loss. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 114:21. [PMID: 38368585 PMCID: PMC10874911 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-024-01422-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis (AM) is a beneficial trait originating with the first land plants, which has subsequently been lost by species scattered throughout the radiation of plant diversity to the present day, including the model Arabidopsis thaliana. To explore if elements of this apparently beneficial trait are still present and could be reactivated we generated Arabidopsis plants expressing a constitutively active form of Interacting Protein of DMI3, a key transcription factor that enables AM within the Common Symbiosis Pathway, which was lost from Arabidopsis along with the AM host trait. We characterize the transcriptomic effect of expressing IPD3 in Arabidopsis with and without exposure to the AM fungus (AMF) Rhizophagus irregularis, and compare these results to the AM model Lotus japonicus and its ipd3 knockout mutant cyclops-4. Despite its long history as a non-AM species, restoring IPD3 in the form of its constitutively active DNA-binding domain to Arabidopsis altered expression of specific gene networks. Surprisingly, the effect of expressing IPD3 in Arabidopsis and knocking it out in Lotus was strongest in plants not exposed to AMF, which is revealed to be due to changes in IPD3 genotype causing a transcriptional state, which partially mimics AMF exposure in non-inoculated plants. Our results indicate that molecular connections to symbiosis machinery remain in place in this nonAM species, with implications for both basic science and the prospect of engineering this trait for agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eli D Hornstein
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Melodi Charles
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Megan Franklin
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Brianne Edwards
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Simina Vintila
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Manuel Kleiner
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Heike Sederoff
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA.
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Jian Y, Gong D, Wang Z, Liu L, He J, Han X, Tsuda K. How plants manage pathogen infection. EMBO Rep 2024; 25:31-44. [PMID: 38177909 PMCID: PMC10897293 DOI: 10.1038/s44319-023-00023-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
To combat microbial pathogens, plants have evolved specific immune responses that can be divided into three essential steps: microbial recognition by immune receptors, signal transduction within plant cells, and immune execution directly suppressing pathogens. During the past three decades, many plant immune receptors and signaling components and their mode of action have been revealed, markedly advancing our understanding of the first two steps. Activation of immune signaling results in physical and chemical actions that actually stop pathogen infection. Nevertheless, this third step of plant immunity is under explored. In addition to immune execution by plants, recent evidence suggests that the plant microbiota, which is considered an additional layer of the plant immune system, also plays a critical role in direct pathogen suppression. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of how plant immunity as well as microbiota control pathogen growth and behavior and highlight outstanding questions that need to be answered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinan Jian
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan, China
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 518120, Shenzhen, China
| | - Dianming Gong
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan, China
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 518120, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lijun Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan, China
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 518120, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jingjing He
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan, China
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 518120, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaowei Han
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan, China
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 518120, Shenzhen, China
| | - Kenichi Tsuda
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan, China.
- Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan, China.
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 518120, Shenzhen, China.
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28
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Wang D, Zheng J, Sarsaiya S, Jin L, Chen J. Unveiling terahertz wave stress effects and mechanisms in Pinellia ternata: Challenges, insights, and future directions. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2024; 176:e14195. [PMID: 38332400 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
This review aims to elucidate the intricate effects and mechanisms of terahertz (THz) wave stress on Pinellia ternata, providing valuable insights into plant responses. The primary objective is to highlight the imperative for future research dedicated to comprehending THz wave impacts across plant structures, with a specific focus on the molecular intricacies governing root system structure and function, from shoots to roots. Notably, this review highlights the accelerated plant growth induced by THz waves, especially in conjunction with other environmental stressors, and the subsequent alterations in cellular homeostasis, resulting in the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and an increase in brassinosteroids. Brassinosteroids are explored for their dual role as toxic by-products of stress metabolism and vital signal transduction molecules in plant responses to abiotic stresses. The paper further investigates the spatio-temporal regulation and long-distance transport of phytohormones, including growth hormone, cytokinin, and abscisic acid (ABA), which significantly influence the growth and development of P. ternata under THz wave stress. With a comprehensive review of Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Brassinosteroid Insensitive (BRI) homeostasis and signalling under THz wave stress, the article elucidates the current understanding of BRI involvement in stress perception, stress signalling, and domestication response regulation. Additionally, it underscores the importance of spatio-temporal regulation and long-distance transport of key plant hormones, such as growth hormone, cytokinin, and ABA, in determining root growth and development under THz wave stress. The study of how plants perceive and respond to environmental stresses holds fundamental biological significance, and enhancing plant stress tolerance is crucial for promoting sustainable agricultural practices and mitigating the environmental burdens associated with low-tolerance crop cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Wang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiatong Zheng
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Surendra Sarsaiya
- Bioresource Institute for Healthy Utilization, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Leilei Jin
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jishuang Chen
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Bioresource Institute for Healthy Utilization, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
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Liu L, Jin Y, Chen M, Lian H, Liu Y, Yin Q, Wang H. A Study of Soil-Borne Fusarium Wilt in Continuous Cropping Chrysanthemum Cultivar 'Guangyu' in Henan, China. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 10:14. [PMID: 38248924 PMCID: PMC10820174 DOI: 10.3390/jof10010014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Cut chrysanthemum, known as a highly favored floral choice globally, experiences a significant decline in production due to continuous cropping. The adverse physiological effects on cut chrysanthemums result from the degradation of a soil's physical and chemical properties, coupled with the proliferation of pathogens. The "Guangyu" cultivar in Xinxiang, Henan Province, China, has been specifically influenced by these effects. First, the precise pathogen accountable for wilt disease was effectively identified and validated in this study. An analysis was then conducted to examine the invasion pattern of the pathogen and the physiological response of chrysanthemum. Finally, the PacBio platform was employed to investigate the dynamic alterations in the microbial community within the soil rhizosphere by comparing the effects of 7 years of monocropping with the first year. Findings indicated that Fusarium solani was the primary causative agent responsible for wilt disease, because it possesses the ability to invade and establish colonies in plant roots, leading to alterations in various physiological parameters of plants. Continuous cropping significantly disturbed the microbial community composition, potentially acting as an additional influential factor in the advancement of wilt.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Hailei Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China; (L.L.)
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30
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Zhang C, Atanasov KE, Murillo E, Vives-Peris V, Zhao J, Deng C, Gómez-Cadenas A, Alcázar R. Spermine deficiency shifts the balance between jasmonic acid and salicylic acid-mediated defence responses in Arabidopsis. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2023; 46:3949-3970. [PMID: 37651604 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Polyamines are small aliphatic polycations present in all living organisms. In plants, the most abundant polyamines are putrescine (Put), spermidine (Spd) and spermine (Spm). Polyamine levels change in response to different pathogens, including Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 (Pst DC3000). However, the regulation of polyamine metabolism and their specific contributions to defence are not fully understood. Here we report that stimulation of Put biosynthesis by Pst DC3000 is dependent on coronatine (COR) perception and jasmonic acid (JA) signalling, independently of salicylic acid (SA). Conversely, lack of Spm in spermine synthase (spms) mutant stimulated galactolipids and JA biosynthesis, and JA signalling under basal conditions and during Pst DC3000 infection, whereas compromised SA-pathway activation and defence outputs through SA-JA antagonism. The dampening of SA responses correlated with COR and Pst DC3000-inducible deregulation of ANAC019 expression and its key SA-metabolism gene targets. Spm deficiency also led to enhanced disease resistance to the necrotrophic fungal pathogen Botrytis cinerea and stimulated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress signalling in response to Pst DC3000. Overall, our findings provide evidence for the integration of polyamine metabolism in JA- and SA-mediated defence responses, as well as the participation of Spm in buffering ER stress during defence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Zhang
- Department of Biology, Healthcare and Environment, Section of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Kostadin E Atanasov
- Department of Biology, Healthcare and Environment, Section of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ester Murillo
- Department of Biology, Healthcare and Environment, Section of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vicente Vives-Peris
- Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Ciencias Naturales, Universitat Jaume I, Castelló de la Plana, Spain
| | - Jiaqi Zhao
- Department of Biology, Healthcare and Environment, Section of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cuiyun Deng
- Plant Synthetic Biology and Metabolic Engineering Program, Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Cerdanyola, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aurelio Gómez-Cadenas
- Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Ciencias Naturales, Universitat Jaume I, Castelló de la Plana, Spain
| | - Rubén Alcázar
- Department of Biology, Healthcare and Environment, Section of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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31
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Hawkes CV, Allen X, Balint-Kurti P, Cowger C. Manipulating the plant mycobiome to enhance resilience: Ecological and evolutionary opportunities and challenges. PLoS Pathog 2023; 19:e1011816. [PMID: 38096141 PMCID: PMC10721032 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1011816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Christine V. Hawkes
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Xavious Allen
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Peter Balint-Kurti
- Plant Science Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Christina Cowger
- Plant Science Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
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32
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Duque-Jaramillo A, Ulmer N, Alseekh S, Bezrukov I, Fernie AR, Skirycz A, Karasov TL, Weigel D. The genetic and physiological basis of Arabidopsis thaliana tolerance to Pseudomonas viridiflava. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 240:1961-1975. [PMID: 37667565 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
The opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas viridiflava colonizes > 50 agricultural crop species and is the most common Pseudomonas in the phyllosphere of European Arabidopsis thaliana populations. Belonging to the P. syringae complex, it is genetically and phenotypically distinct from well-characterized P. syringae sensu stricto. Despite its prevalence, we lack knowledge of how A. thaliana responds to its native isolates at the molecular level. Here, we characterize the host response in an A. thaliana - P. viridiflava pathosystem. We measured host and pathogen growth in axenic infections and used immune mutants, transcriptomics, and metabolomics to determine defense pathways influencing susceptibility to P. viridiflava infection. Infection with P. viridiflava increased jasmonic acid (JA) levels and the expression of ethylene defense pathway marker genes. The immune response in a susceptible host accession was delayed compared with a tolerant one. Mechanical injury rescued susceptibility, consistent with an involvement of JA. The JA/ethylene pathway is important for suppression of P. viridiflava, yet suppression capacity varies between accessions. Our results shed light on how A. thaliana can suppress the ever-present P. viridiflava, but further studies are needed to understand how P. viridiflava evades this suppression to spread broadly across A. thaliana populations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nina Ulmer
- Max Planck Institute for Biology Tübingen, Tübingen, 72076, Germany
| | - Saleh Alseekh
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, 14476, Germany
| | - Ilja Bezrukov
- Max Planck Institute for Biology Tübingen, Tübingen, 72076, Germany
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, 14476, Germany
| | - Aleksandra Skirycz
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, 14476, Germany
- Boyce Thompson Institute, Cornell University, Ithaca, 14850, USA
| | - Talia L Karasov
- Max Planck Institute for Biology Tübingen, Tübingen, 72076, Germany
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, 84112, USA
| | - Detlef Weigel
- Max Planck Institute for Biology Tübingen, Tübingen, 72076, Germany
- Institute for Bioinformatics and Medical Informatics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, 72074, Germany
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33
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Ushio M, Ishikawa T, Matsuura T, Mori IC, Kawai-Yamada M, Fukao Y, Nagano M. MHP1 and MHL generate odd-chain fatty acids from 2-hydroxy fatty acids in sphingolipids and are related to immunity in Arabidopsis thaliana. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 336:111840. [PMID: 37619867 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
In plants, the 2-hydroxy fatty acids (HFAs) of sphingolipids are important for plant growth and stress responses. Although the synthetic pathway of HFAs is well understood, their degradation has not yet been elucidated. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Mpo1 has been identified as a dioxygenase that degrades HFAs. This study examined the functions of two homologs of yeast Mpo1, MHP1 and MHL, in Arabidopsis thaliana. The mhp1 and mhp1mhl mutants showed a dwarf phenotype compared to that of the wild type. Lipid analysis of the mutants revealed the involvement of MHP1 and MHL in synthesizing odd-chain fatty acids (OCFAs), possibly by the degradation of HFAs. OCFAs are present in trace amounts in plants; however, their physiological significance is largely unknown. RNA sequence analysis of the mhp1mhl mutant revealed that growth-related genes decreased, whereas genes involved in stress response increased. Additionally, the mhp1mhl mutant had increased expression of defense-related genes and increased resistance to infection by Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 (Pto), and Pto carrying the effector AvrRpt2. Phytohormone analysis demonstrated that jasmonic acid in mhp1mhl was higher than that in the wild type. These results indicate that MHP1 and MHL are involved in synthesizing OCFAs and immunity in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Ushio
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
| | - Toshiki Ishikawa
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-Okubo, Sakuraku, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
| | - Takakazu Matsuura
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, 2-20-1 Chuo, Kurashiki 710-0046, Japan
| | - Izumi C Mori
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, 2-20-1 Chuo, Kurashiki 710-0046, Japan
| | - Maki Kawai-Yamada
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-Okubo, Sakuraku, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Fukao
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan; College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
| | - Minoru Nagano
- College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan.
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34
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Totsline N, Kniel KE, Bais HP. Microgravity and evasion of plant innate immunity by human bacterial pathogens. NPJ Microgravity 2023; 9:71. [PMID: 37679341 PMCID: PMC10485020 DOI: 10.1038/s41526-023-00323-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Spaceflight microgravity and modeled-microgravity analogs (MMA) broadly alter gene expression and physiology in both pathogens and plants. Research elucidating plant and bacterial responses to normal gravity or microgravity has shown the involvement of both physiological and molecular mechanisms. Under true and simulated microgravity, plants display differential expression of pathogen-defense genes while human bacterial pathogens exhibit increased virulence, antibiotic resistance, stress tolerance, and reduced LD50 in animal hosts. Human bacterial pathogens including Salmonella enterica and E. coli act as cross-kingdom foodborne pathogens by evading and suppressing the innate immunity of plants for colonization of intracellular spaces. It is unknown if evasion and colonization of plants by human pathogens occurs under microgravity and if there is increased infection capability as demonstrated using animal hosts. Understanding the relationship between microgravity, plant immunity, and human pathogens could prevent potentially deadly outbreaks of foodborne disease during spaceflight. This review will summarize (1) alterations to the virulency of human pathogens under microgravity and MMA, (2) alterations to plant physiology and gene expression under microgravity and MMA, (3) suppression and evasion of plant immunity by human pathogens under normal gravity, (4) studies of plant-microbe interactions under microgravity and MMA. A conclusion suggests future study of interactions between plants and human pathogens under microgravity is beneficial to human safety, and an investment in humanity's long and short-term space travel goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noah Totsline
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, AP Biopharma, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA.
| | - Kalmia E Kniel
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Harsh P Bais
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, AP Biopharma, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
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35
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Asai S, Cevik V, Jones JDG, Shirasu K. Cell-specific RNA profiling reveals host genes expressed in Arabidopsis cells haustoriated by downy mildew. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 193:259-270. [PMID: 37307565 PMCID: PMC10469357 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The downy mildew oomycete Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis, an obligate filamentous pathogen, infects Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) by forming structures called haustoria inside host cells. Previous transcriptome analyses have revealed that host genes are specifically induced during infection; however, RNA profiling from whole-infected tissues may fail to capture key transcriptional events occurring exclusively in haustoriated host cells, where the pathogen injects virulence effectors to modulate host immunity. To determine interactions between Arabidopsis and H. arabidopsidis at the cellular level, we devised a translating ribosome affinity purification system using 2 high-affinity binding proteins, colicin E9 and Im9 (immunity protein of colicin E9), applicable to pathogen-responsive promoters, thus enabling haustoriated cell-specific RNA profiling. Among the host genes specifically expressed in H. arabidopsidis-haustoriated cells, we found genes that promote either susceptibility or resistance to the pathogen, providing insights into the Arabidopsis-downy mildew interaction. We propose that our protocol for profiling cell-specific transcripts will apply to several stimulus-specific contexts and other plant-pathogen interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuta Asai
- Center for Sustainable Resource Science, RIKEN, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Volkan Cevik
- Department of Life Sciences, The Milner Centre for Evolution, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
| | | | - Ken Shirasu
- Center for Sustainable Resource Science, RIKEN, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
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36
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Alseekh S, Karakas E, Zhu F, Wijesingha Ahchige M, Fernie AR. Plant biochemical genetics in the multiomics era. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2023; 74:4293-4307. [PMID: 37170864 PMCID: PMC10433942 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Our understanding of plant biology has been revolutionized by modern genetics and biochemistry. However, biochemical genetics can be traced back to the foundation of Mendelian genetics; indeed, one of Mendel's milestone discoveries of seven characteristics of pea plants later came to be ascribed to a mutation in a starch branching enzyme. Here, we review both current and historical strategies for the elucidation of plant metabolic pathways and the genes that encode their component enzymes and regulators. We use this historical review to discuss a range of classical genetic phenomena including epistasis, canalization, and heterosis as viewed through the lens of contemporary high-throughput data obtained via the array of approaches currently adopted in multiomics studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleh Alseekh
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
- Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Esra Karakas
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Feng Zhu
- National R&D Center for Citrus Preservation, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070 Wuhan, China
| | | | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
- Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
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37
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Li Y, Shu P, Xiang L, Sheng J, Shen L. CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated SlATG5 Mutagenesis Reduces the Resistance of Tomato Fruit to Botrytis cinerea. Foods 2023; 12:2750. [PMID: 37509842 PMCID: PMC10380010 DOI: 10.3390/foods12142750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Tomato fruit is highly susceptible to infection by Botrytis cinerea (B. cinerea), a dominant pathogen, during storage. Recent studies have shown that autophagy is essential for plant defense against biotic and abiotic stresses. Autophagy-related gene 5 (ATG5) plays a key role in autophagosome completion and maturation, and is rapidly induced by B. cinerea, but the potential mechanisms of ATG5 in Solanum lycopersicum (SlATG5) in postharvest tomato fruit resistance to B. cinerea remain unclear. To elucidate the role of SlATG5 in tomato fruit resistant to B. cinerea, CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout of SlATG5 was used in this study. The results showed that slatg5 mutants were more vulnerable to B. cinerea and exhibited more severe disease symptoms and lower activities of disease-resistant enzymes, such as chitinase (CHI), β-1,3-glucanase (GLU), phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), and polyphenol oxidase (PPO), than the wild type (WT). Furthermore, the study observed that after inoculation with B. cinerea, the relative expression levels of genes related to salicylic acid (SA) signaling, such as SlPR1, SlEDS1, SlPAD4, and SlNPR1, were higher in slatg5 mutants than in WT. Conversely, the relative expression levels of jasmonic acid (JA) signaling-related genes SlLoxD and SlMYC2 were lower in slatg5 mutants than in WT. These findings suggested that SlATG5 positively regulated the resistance response of tomato fruit to B. cinerea by inhibiting the SA signaling pathway and activating the JA signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujing Li
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Pan Shu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Lanting Xiang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jiping Sheng
- School of Agricultural Economics and Rural Development, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Lin Shen
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
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Su L, Zheng L, Wang H, Qu Y, Ge F, Liu D. Panax notoginseng transcription factor WRKY15 modulates resistance to Fusarium solani by up-regulating osmotin-like protein expression and inducing JA/SA signaling pathways. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:362. [PMID: 37460949 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04373-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Panax notoginseng (Burk) F. H. Chen is a valuable traditional Chinese medicinal plant, but its commercial production is seriously affected by root rot caused by some pathogenic fungi, including Fusarium solani. Nevertheless, the genetic breeding for disease resistance of P. notoginseng remains limited. The WRKY transcription factors have been revealed to play important roles in plant defense responses, which might provide an inspiration for resistance improvement in P. notoginseng. RESULTS In this study, the regulatory mechanism of transcription factor PnWRKY15 on P. notoginseng resistance to F. solani infection was revealed. The suppressed expression of PnWRKY15 via RNA interference increased the sensitivity of P. notoginseng to F. solani and decreased the expression levels of some defense-related genes, including PnOLP1, which encodes an osmotin-like protein that confers resistance to F. solani. Ectopic expression of PnWRKY15 in the model plant tobacco significantly enhanced the resistance to F. solani. Moreover, the transcriptome sequencing analysis discovered that some pathogenesis-related genes were expressed at higher levels in the PnWRKY15-overexpressing tobacco than that in the wild-type tobacco. In addition, the jasmonic acid (JA) and salicylic acid (SA) signaling pathways were evidently induced by PnWRKY15-overexpression, that was evidenced by that the JA and SA contents were significantly higher in the PnWRKY15-overexpressing tobacco than that in the wild-type. Furthermore, PnWRKY15, which was localized in the nucleus, can trans-activate and up-regulate PnOLP1 expression according to the EMSA, yeast one-hybrid and co-expression assays. CONCLUSIONS PnWRKY15 contributes to P. notoginseng resistance to F. solani by up-regulating the expression of resistance-related gene PnOLP1 and activating JA/SA signaling pathways. These findings will help to further elucidate the transcriptional regulatory mechanism associated with the P. notoginseng defense response to F. solani.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Su
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Lilei Zheng
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Hanlin Wang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Yuan Qu
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Feng Ge
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Diqiu Liu
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China.
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China.
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39
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Harris W, Kim S, Vӧlz R, Lee YH. Nuclear effectors of plant pathogens: Distinct strategies to be one step ahead. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2023; 24:637-650. [PMID: 36942744 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.13315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear effector proteins released by bacteria, oomycete, nematode, and fungi burden the global environment and crop yield. Microbial effectors are key weapons in the evolutionary arms race between plants and pathogens, vital in determining the success of pathogenic colonization. Secreted effectors undermine a multitude of host cellular processes depending on their target destination. Effectors are classified by their localization as either extracellular (apoplastic) or intracellular. Intracellular effectors can be further subclassified by their compartment such as the nucleus, cytoplasm or chloroplast. Nuclear effectors bring into question the role of the plant nucleus' intrinsic defence strategies and their vulnerability to effector-based manipulation. Nuclear effectors interfere with multiple nuclear processes including the epigenetic regulation of the host chromatin, the impairment of the trans-kingdom antifungal RNAi machinery, and diverse classes of immunity-associated host proteins. These effector-targeted pathways are widely conserved among different hosts and regulate a broad array of plant cellular processes. Thus, these nuclear sites constitute meaningful targets for effectors to subvert the plant defence system and acquire resources for pathogenic propagation. This review provides an extensive and comparative compilation of diverse plant microbe nuclear effector libraries, thereby highlighting the distinct and conserved mechanisms these effectors employ to modulate plant cellular processes for the pathogen's profit.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Harris
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seongbeom Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ronny Vӧlz
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yong-Hwan Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Agricultural Genomics, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Center for Fungal Genetic Resources, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Plant Immunity Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Center for Plant Microbiome Research, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
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40
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Watts D, Palombo EA, Jaimes Castillo A, Zaferanloo B. Endophytes in Agriculture: Potential to Improve Yields and Tolerances of Agricultural Crops. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1276. [PMID: 37317250 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11051276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Endophytic fungi and bacteria live asymptomatically within plant tissues. In recent decades, research on endophytes has revealed that their significant role in promoting plants as endophytes has been shown to enhance nutrient uptake, stress tolerance, and disease resistance in the host plants, resulting in improved crop yields. Evidence shows that endophytes can provide improved tolerances to salinity, moisture, and drought conditions, highlighting the capacity to farm them in marginal land with the use of endophyte-based strategies. Furthermore, endophytes offer a sustainable alternative to traditional agricultural practices, reducing the need for synthetic fertilizers and pesticides, and in turn reducing the risks associated with chemical treatments. In this review, we summarise the current knowledge on endophytes in agriculture, highlighting their potential as a sustainable solution for improving crop productivity and general plant health. This review outlines key nutrient, environmental, and biotic stressors, providing examples of endophytes mitigating the effects of stress. We also discuss the challenges associated with the use of endophytes in agriculture and the need for further research to fully realise their potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Declan Watts
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia
| | - Enzo A Palombo
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia
| | - Alex Jaimes Castillo
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia
| | - Bita Zaferanloo
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia
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Shi MT, Zhang TJ, Fang Y, Pan CP, Fu HY, Gao SJ, Wang JD. Nano-selenium enhances sugarcane resistance to Xanthomonas albilineans infection and improvement of juice quality. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 254:114759. [PMID: 36950993 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Selenium is an important trace element that is beneficial to human health and can enhance plant resistance and crop quality. The occurrence of up-to-date nanotechnology greatly promotes the beneficial efficiency of this trace element on crops. The discovery of nano-Se increased the crop quality and reduced plant disease in different plant. In this study, we reduced sugarcane leaf scald disease incidence by exogenously spraying different concentrations (5 mg/L and 10 mg/L) of nano-Se. Additional studies revealed that spraying of nano-Se reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and H2O2 accumulation, and increased antioxidant enzyme activities in sugarcane. The nano-selenium treatments also increased the content of jasmonic acid (JA) and the expression of JA pathway genes. Furthermore, we also found that use nano-Se treatment in an appropriate way can enhance the quality of cane juice. The brix of the cane juice of the selenium-enriched treatment was significantly higher than that of the control group, which was 10.98% and 20.81% higher than that of the CK group, respectively. Meanwhile, the content of certain beneficial amino acids was increased, with the highest being 3.9 times higher than the control. Taken together, our findings inferred that nano-Se could act as a potential eco-fungicide to protect sugarcane from can be used as a potential ecological bactericide to protect sugarcane from Xanthomonas albilineans infections, and improve sugarcane quality. The results arising from this study not only introduces an ecological method to control X. albilineans, but also provides a deep insight into this trace elements for improving juice quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Ting Shi
- National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Tian-Jie Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Yong Fang
- Hunan Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agriculture Science, Changsha 410125, China; Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Pest Chemical Control, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Can-Ping Pan
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Pest Chemical Control, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Hua-Ying Fu
- National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - San-Ji Gao
- National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Jin-da Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China.
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Hornstein ED, Charles M, Franklin M, Edwards B, Vintila S, Kleiner M, Sederoff H. Re-engineering a lost trait: IPD3, a master regulator of arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis, affects genes for immunity and metabolism of non-host Arabidopsis when restored long after its evolutionary loss. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.06.531368. [PMID: 36945518 PMCID: PMC10028889 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.06.531368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis (AM) is a beneficial trait originating with the first land plants, which has subsequently been lost by species scattered throughout the radiation of plant diversity to the present day, including the model Arabidopsis thaliana. To explore why an apparently beneficial trait would be repeatedly lost, we generated Arabidopsis plants expressing a constitutively active form of Interacting Protein of DMI3, a key transcription factor that enables AM within the Common Symbiosis Pathway, which was lost from Arabidopsis along with the AM host trait. We characterize the transcriptomic effect of expressing IPD3 in Arabidopsis with and without exposure to the AM fungus (AMF) Rhizophagus irregularis, and compare these results to the AM model Lotus japonicus and its ipd3 knockout mutant cyclops-4. Despite its long history as a non-AM species, restoring IPD3 in the form of its constitutively active DNA-binding domain to Arabidopsis altered expression of specific gene networks. Surprisingly, the effect of expressing IPD3 in Arabidopsis and knocking it out in Lotus was strongest in plants not exposed to AMF, which is revealed to be due to changes in IPD3 genotype causing a transcriptional state which partially mimics AMF exposure in non-inoculated plants. Our results indicate that despite the long interval since loss of AM and IPD3 in Arabidopsis, molecular connections to symbiosis machinery remain in place in this nonAM species, with implications for both basic science and the prospect of engineering this trait for agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eli D Hornstein
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Melodi Charles
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Megan Franklin
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Brianne Edwards
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Simina Vintila
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Manuel Kleiner
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Heike Sederoff
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
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Khoshru B, Mitra D, Joshi K, Adhikari P, Rion MSI, Fadiji AE, Alizadeh M, Priyadarshini A, Senapati A, Sarikhani MR, Panneerselvam P, Mohapatra PKD, Sushkova S, Minkina T, Keswani C. Decrypting the multi-functional biological activators and inducers of defense responses against biotic stresses in plants. Heliyon 2023; 9:e13825. [PMID: 36873502 PMCID: PMC9981932 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant diseases are still the main problem for the reduction in crop yield and a threat to global food security. Additionally, excessive usage of chemical inputs such as pesticides and fungicides to control plant diseases have created another serious problem for human and environmental health. In view of this, the application of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) for controlling plant disease incidences has been identified as an eco-friendly approach for coping with the food security issue. In this review, we have identified different ways by which PGPRs are capable of reducing phytopathogenic infestations and enhancing crop yield. PGPR suppresses plant diseases, both directly and indirectly, mediated by microbial metabolites and signaling components. Microbial synthesized anti-pathogenic metabolites such as siderophores, antibiotics, lytic enzymes, hydrogen cyanide, and several others act directly on phytopathogens. The indirect mechanisms of reducing plant disease infestation are caused by the stimulation of plant immune responses known as initiation of systemic resistance (ISR) which is mediated by triggering plant immune responses elicited through pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). The ISR triggered in the infected region of the plant leads to the development of systemic acquired resistance (SAR) throughout the plant making the plant resistant to a wide range of pathogens. A number of PGPRs including Pseudomonas and Bacillus genera have proven their ability to stimulate ISR. However, there are still some challenges in the large-scale application and acceptance of PGPR for pest and disease management. Further, we discuss the newly formulated PGPR inoculants possessing both plant growth-promoting activities and plant disease suppression ability for a holistic approach to sustaining plant health and enhancing crop productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahman Khoshru
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Debasis Mitra
- Department of Microbiology, Raiganj University, Raiganj - 733 134, West Bengal, India
| | - Kuldeep Joshi
- G.B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment, Kosi-Katarmal, Almora-263643, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Priyanka Adhikari
- Centre for Excellence on GMP Extraction Facility (DBT, Govt. of India), National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research. Guwahati-781101, Assam, India
| | | | - Ayomide Emmanuel Fadiji
- Food Security and Safety Focus Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa
| | - Mehrdad Alizadeh
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ankita Priyadarshini
- Crop Production Division, ICAR – National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, 753006, Odisha, India
| | - Ansuman Senapati
- Crop Production Division, ICAR – National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, 753006, Odisha, India
| | | | - Periyasamy Panneerselvam
- Crop Production Division, ICAR – National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, 753006, Odisha, India
| | | | - Svetlana Sushkova
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don 344090, Russia
| | - Tatiana Minkina
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don 344090, Russia
| | - Chetan Keswani
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don 344090, Russia
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Stahl E, Maier LP, Reymond P. Insect egg-induced innate immunity: Who benefits? PLoS Pathog 2023; 19:e1011072. [PMID: 36656837 PMCID: PMC9851524 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1011072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants perceive the presence of insect eggs deposited on leaves as a cue of imminent herbivore attack. Consequential plant signaling events include the accumulation of salicylic acid and reactive oxygen species, transcriptional reprogramming, and cell death. Interestingly, egg-induced innate immunity shows similarities with immune responses triggered upon recognition of microbial pathogens, and in recent years, it became apparent that egg perception affects plant-microbe interactions. Here, we highlight recent findings on insect egg-induced innate immunity and how egg-mediated signaling impacts plant-microbe interactions. Ecological considerations beg the question: Who benefits from egg perception in these complex interactions?
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Affiliation(s)
- Elia Stahl
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Louis-Philippe Maier
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Reymond
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Li J, Zhang J, Wu T, Liu P, Li P, Yao X, Liu H, Ciren Y. Multi Omics Analysis Revealed a Resistance Mechanism of Tibetan Barley ( Hordeum vulgare L., Qingke) Infected by Ustilago hordei. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:157. [PMID: 36616285 PMCID: PMC9824760 DOI: 10.3390/plants12010157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Tibetan barley (Hordeum vulgare L., qingke) is the principal cereal cultivated on Tibet. Ustilago hordei causing covered smut is a serious disease that limits the yield of qingke. Here, based on multi omics study including metabolome, proteome and transcriptome, we show that during infection, primary metabolisms such as carbohydrate, amino acid, and lipids were significantly changed. Jasmonic acid, which perform as a biotic stress signaler, was significantly repressed, and related genes or proteins also showed different expression in infected qingke. In addition, other defense-related compounds such as riboflavin, ascorbic acid, and protease inhibitors were also detected in omics data. Our results revealed a preliminary biological profile of qingke infected by U. hordei and provide a resource for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Li
- Institute of Agro-Products Processing Science and Technology, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610011, China
| | - Jixiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Tao Wu
- Institute of Agro-Products Processing Science and Technology, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610011, China
| | - Pei Liu
- Institute of Agro-Products Processing Science and Technology, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610011, China
| | - Pu Li
- Institute of Agro-Products Processing Science and Technology, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610011, China
| | - Xiaobo Yao
- Tibet Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa 850031, China
| | - Hechun Liu
- Tibet Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa 850031, China
| | - Yangla Ciren
- Tibet Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa 850031, China
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Arabidopsis Cys2/His2 Zinc Finger Transcription Factor ZAT18 Modulates the Plant Growth-Defense Tradeoff. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315436. [PMID: 36499767 PMCID: PMC9738932 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant defense responses under unfavorable conditions are often associated with reduced growth. However, the mechanisms underlying the growth-defense tradeoff remain to be fully elucidated, especially at the transcriptional level. Here, we revealed a Cys2/His2-type zinc finger transcription factor, namely, ZAT18, which played dual roles in plant immunity and growth by oppositely regulating the signaling of defense- and growth-related hormones. ZAT18 was first identified as a salicylic acid (SA)-inducible gene and was required for plant responses to SA in this study. In addition, we observed that ZAT18 enhanced the plant immunity with growth penalties that may have been achieved by activating SA signaling and repressing auxin signaling. Further transcriptome analysis of the zat18 mutant showed that the biological pathways of defense-related hormones, including SA, ethylene and abscisic acid, were repressed and that the biological pathways of auxin and cytokinin, which are growth-related hormones, were activated by abolishing the function of ZAT18. The ZAT18-mediated regulation of hormone signaling was further confirmed using qRT-PCR. Our results explored a mechanism by which plants handle defense and growth at the transcriptional level under stress conditions.
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Wang L, Calabria J, Chen HW, Somssich M. The Arabidopsis thaliana-Fusarium oxysporum strain 5176 pathosystem: an overview. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:6052-6067. [PMID: 35709954 PMCID: PMC9578349 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium oxysporum is a soil-borne fungal pathogen of several major food crops. Research on understanding the molecular details of fungal infection and the plant's defense mechanisms against this pathogen has long focused mainly on the tomato-infecting F. oxysporum strains and their specific host plant. However, in recent years, the Arabidopsis thaliana-Fusarium oxysporum strain 5176 (Fo5176) pathosystem has additionally been established to study this plant-pathogen interaction with all the molecular biology, genetic, and genomic tools available for the A. thaliana model system. Work on this system has since produced several new insights, especially with regards to the role of phytohormones involved in the plant's defense response, and the receptor proteins and peptide ligands involved in pathogen detection. Furthermore, work with the pathogenic strain Fo5176 and the related endophytic strain Fo47 has demonstrated the suitability of this system for comparative studies of the plant's specific responses to general microbe- or pathogen-associated molecular patterns. In this review, we highlight the advantages of this specific pathosystem, summarize the advances made in studying the molecular details of this plant-fungus interaction, and point out open questions that remain to be answered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Wang
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Jacob Calabria
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Hsiang-Wen Chen
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
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