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Ghaffari-Nasab A, Javani G, Yousefi H, Sharafkhani R, Taghizadeh S. Prolonged stress-induced depression-like behaviors in aged rats are mediated by endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis in the hippocampus. Neurosci Res 2024; 198:39-46. [PMID: 37392834 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2023.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
Structural and functional recovery from stress-induced depression is impaired in the context of aging brain. Since investigating the molecular substrates that facilitate behavioral recovery may have important implications for understanding brain plasticity and resilience of individuals, we studied depressive-like behaviors in young and aged rats 6 weeks after chronic stress exposure as a recovery period and examined the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 inflammatory cytokines, NADH oxidase activity, NADPH oxidase, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress markers, and apoptosis in the hippocampus. Young (3 months old) and aged (22 months old) male Wistar rats were divided into four groups; young control (Young), depression model of young rats that received chronic stress procedure followed by a 6-week recovery period (Young+S), aged control (Aged), and depression model of aged rats that received chronic stress procedure followed by a 6-week recovery period (Aged+S). After the recovery period, aged but not young rats showed depression-like behaviors, evaluated by the sucrose preference test (SPT) and forced swimming test (FST), coincided with the altered levels of TNF-α, IL-6, NADH oxidase activity, NADPH oxidase, GRP78, CHOP, and cleaved caspase-12 in the hippocampus of these animals. These data suggested that oxidative and ER stress-induced apoptosis in the aging hippocampus may affect the recovery-related outcomes after the stress paradigm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arshad Ghaffari-Nasab
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, the Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Gonja Javani
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, the Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Hadi Yousefi
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Khoy University of Medical Sciences, Khoy, the Islamic Republic of Iran.
| | - Rahim Sharafkhani
- School of Health, Khoy University of Medical Sciences, Khoy, the Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Sajjad Taghizadeh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, the Islamic Republic of Iran
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Cho SY, So WY, Roh HT. Effect of C242T Polymorphism in the Gene Encoding the NAD(P)H Oxidase p22 phox Subunit and Aerobic Fitness Levels on Redox State Biomarkers and DNA Damage Responses to Exhaustive Exercise: A Randomized Trial. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17124215. [PMID: 32545655 PMCID: PMC7344824 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17124215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
NAD(P)H oxidases (NOXs) constitute a principal source of cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and contribute to exercise-induced ROS production in the skeletal muscle. Here, we aimed to investigate the effect of single-bout exhaustive exercise on redox state biomarkers and oxidative DNA damage based on the C242T polymorphism in the gene encoding NOXs subunit p22phox (CYBA) and aerobic fitness levels. We enrolled 220 healthy adults in their 20s (men, n = 110; women, n = 110), who were divided into CC genotype and T allele groups through the analysis of the CYBA C242T polymorphism. Furthermore, maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max) was evaluated to divide subjects into high fitness (HF; 70th percentile for aerobic fitness) and mid-range fitness (MF; 40-60th percentile for aerobic fitness) groups, with a total of 32 subjects assigned to four groups (eight subjects per group): CC genotype and HF group (CC + HF), CC genotype and MF group (CC + MF), T allele and HF group (T + HF), and T allele and MF group (T + MF). All subjects performed treadmill running exercise at 85% of VO2max until exhaustion. Plasma lactate, malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and lymphocyte DNA damage (tail DNA percentage [TD], tail length [TL], and the tail moment [TM]) were measured in the blood samples obtained immediately before (IBE), immediately after (IAE), and 30 min after exercise (30 MAE). Plasma lactate levels, SOD activities, and lymphocyte DNA damage markers (TD, TL, and TM) were significantly increased at IAE than that at IBE and significantly decreased at 30 MAE (p < 0.05). All groups displayed increased plasma MDA levels at IAE rather than at IBE, with CC + MF being significantly higher than T + HF (p < 0.05); only the CC + HF and T + HF groups exhibited a significant reduction at 30 MAE (p < 0.05). Moreover, TL at IAE was significantly higher in the CC + MF group than in the T + HF group (p < 0.05), and significantly higher in the CC + MF and CC + HF groups than in the T + HF group at 30 MAE (p < 0.05). TM was significantly higher in the T + MF than in the T + HF group at IAE (p < 0.05) and that of CC + MF was significantly higher than CC + HF and T + HF values at IAE and 30 MAE (p < 0.05). These results suggest that single-bout exhaustive exercise could induce peripheral fatigue and the accumulation of temporary redox imbalance and oxidative DNA damage. Moreover, high aerobic fitness levels combined with the T allele may protect against exercise-induced redox imbalance and DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Youn Cho
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Department of Physical Education, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea;
| | - Wi-Young So
- Sports and Health Care Major, College of Humanities and Arts, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju-si 27469, Korea;
| | - Hee-Tae Roh
- Department of Physical Education, College of Arts and Physical Education, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-51-200-7835; Fax: +82-51-200-7805
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Rama Rao KV, Iring S, Younger D, Kuriakose M, Skotak M, Alay E, Gupta RK, Chandra N. A Single Primary Blast-Induced Traumatic Brain Injury in a Rodent Model Causes Cell-Type Dependent Increase in Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate Oxidase Isoforms in Vulnerable Brain Regions. J Neurotrauma 2018; 35:2077-2090. [PMID: 29648986 PMCID: PMC6098412 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2017.5358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Blast-induced traumatic brain injury (bTBI) is a leading cause of morbidity in soldiers on the battlefield and in training sites with long-term neurological and psychological pathologies. Previous studies from our laboratory demonstrated activation of oxidative stress pathways after blast injury, but their distribution among different brain regions and their impact on the pathogenesis of bTBI have not been explored. The present study examined the protein expression of two isoforms: nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase 1 and 2 (NOX1, NOX2), corresponding superoxide production, a downstream event of NOX activation, and the extent of lipid peroxidation adducts of 4-hydroxynonenal (4HNE) to a range of proteins. Brain injury was evaluated 4 h after the shock-wave exposure, and immunofluorescence signal quantification was performed in different brain regions. Expression of NOX isoforms displayed a differential increase in various brain regions: in hippocampus and thalamus, there was the highest increase of NOX1, whereas in the frontal cortex, there was the highest increase of NOX2 expression. Cell-specific analysis of changes in NOX expression with respect to corresponding controls revealed that blast resulted in a higher increase of NOX1 and NOX 2 levels in neurons compared with astrocytes and microglia. Blast exposure also resulted in increased superoxide levels in different brain regions, and such changes were reflected in 4HNE protein adduct formation. Collectively, this study demonstrates that primary blast TBI induces upregulation of NADPH oxidase isoforms in different regions of the brain parenchyma and that neurons appear to be at higher risk for oxidative damage compared with other neural cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kakulavarapu V Rama Rao
- 1 Center for Injury Biomechanics, Materials, and Medicine, Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology , Newark, New Jersey
| | - Stephanie Iring
- 1 Center for Injury Biomechanics, Materials, and Medicine, Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology , Newark, New Jersey
| | - Daniel Younger
- 1 Center for Injury Biomechanics, Materials, and Medicine, Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology , Newark, New Jersey
| | - Matthew Kuriakose
- 1 Center for Injury Biomechanics, Materials, and Medicine, Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology , Newark, New Jersey
| | - Maciej Skotak
- 1 Center for Injury Biomechanics, Materials, and Medicine, Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology , Newark, New Jersey
| | - Eren Alay
- 1 Center for Injury Biomechanics, Materials, and Medicine, Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology , Newark, New Jersey
| | - Raj K Gupta
- 2 Department of Defense Blast Injury Research Program Coordinating Office, United States Army Medical Research and Materiel Command , Fort Detrick, Maryland
| | - Namas Chandra
- 1 Center for Injury Biomechanics, Materials, and Medicine, Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology , Newark, New Jersey
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Hu P, Huang MY, Hu XY, Xie XJ, Xiang MX, Liu XB, Wang JA. Meta-analysis of C242T polymorphism in CYBA genes: risk of acute coronary syndrome is lower in Asians but not in Caucasians. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2016; 16:370-9. [PMID: 25990054 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b1400241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A lot of studies have demonstrated that C242T polymorphism in CYBA genes may play an important role in the pathological process of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). However, the results are not consistent. To further evaluate this debate, we performed a meta-analysis to determine the relationship between C242T polymorphism and ACS. METHODS AND RESULTS We screened PubMed/MEDLINE, EBSCIO, and EMBASE research reports until Mar. 2014 and extracted data from 10 studies involving 6102 ACS patients and 8669 controls. Subgroup analysis by ethnicity documented a significant decreased risk of ACS for C242T polymorphism in the Asian population under allelic comparison (odd ratio (OR) 0.73; 95% confidence intervals (CI) 0.64-0.83), dominant model (OR 0.71; 95% CI 0.62-0.82), and homozygote comparison (OR 0.57; 95% CI 0.35-0.92). However, in the overall population and especially with Caucasians, no significant association was uncovered. Further meta-regression analysis revealed that the heterogeneity among studies was largely attributed to ethnicity. No publication bias was detected through a funnel plot and an Egger's linear regression test. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our results suggest that the C242T polymorphism might be a protective factor against developing ACS in the Asian population. Further researches will be needed to identify the confounding factors which modified the protective effect of T allele among Caucasians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po Hu
- Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease of Zhejiang Province, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China; Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
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Xu Q, Yuan F, Shen X, Wen H, Li W, Cheng B, Wu J. Polymorphisms of C242T and A640G in CYBA gene and the risk of coronary artery disease: a meta-analysis. PLoS One 2014; 9:e84251. [PMID: 24392120 PMCID: PMC3879292 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0084251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a leading cause of mortality in many countries. Considerable studies have been carried out to investigate the relationship between the C242T and A640G polymorphisms of CYBA gene and CAD, but the results were still inconsistent. Hence we conducted a meta-analysis to clarify the association. Methods and Results A total of 21 eligible literatures were included in the meta-analysis. We observed a significant decreased risk of CAD for C242T polymorphism in Asian population under an allelic model (OR 0.75; 95% CI 0.67–0.84) and a dominant model (OR 0.69; 95% CI 0.61–0.79), however, in overall population and other population no significant association was revealed. We also found A640G polymorphism may contribute to reducing CAD risk under an allelic model (OR 0.84; 95% CI 0.75–0.93), dominant model (OR0.77; 95% CI 0.64–0.92) and recessive model (OR0.82; 95% CI 0.69–0.97). No publication bias was found. Conclusion Our meta-analysis confirmed a protective effect of C242Tpolymorphism on CAD in Asian population and indicated that A640G polymorphism was significantly associated with decreased risk of CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiumei Xu
- Department of Gerontology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fangfen Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuemei Shen
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hui Wen
- Department of Gerontology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Gerontology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bei Cheng
- Department of Gerontology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- * E-mail:
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Kayaaltı Z, Kaya D, Bacaksız A, Söylemez E, Söylemezoğlu T. An association between polymorphism of the NADH/NADPH oxidase p22phox (phagocyte oxidase) subunit and aging in Turkish population. Aging Clin Exp Res 2013; 25:511-6. [PMID: 23949976 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-013-0129-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2013] [Accepted: 04/16/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Aging is a complex and multifactorial process that is stimulated by a number of factors including genes and life-style. It is thought that the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the face of antioxidant enzymes and molecules is related to aging and age-related diseases. NAD(P)H oxidase system is the predominant cellular source of ROS, and p22phox, the major component of that system, is essential for the activation of NAD(P)H oxidase. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between p22phox C242T single nucleotide polymorphism and aging in Turkish population. METHODS Blood samples were collected from 332 volunteers between 18 and 95 years of age and were classified into three groups according to their ages as <65, 65-84 and ≥ 85. p22phox C242T polymorphism was genotyped by PCR-RFLP method. RESULTS CC genotype frequency in the C242T polymorphism is higher in older group (≥ 85) than younger groups (<65 and 65-85), whereas CT + TT genotype frequency is lower in older group. When the p22phox C242T polymorphism was compared with the mean ages and age groups, statistically significant associations were found. CONCLUSIONS We showed for the first time that human aging is significantly associated with p22phox C242T genotypes in Turkish population, being highest in CC, intermediate in CT, and lowest in TT homozygote. It is plausible to suggest that CC genotype might protect people from chronic inflammation, diseases as well as from oxidative stress and, thus, individuals with CC genotype might be more advantageous for aging as compared to those with CT + TT genotypes.
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Wu Z, Lou Y, Jin W, Liu Y, Lu L, Chen Q, Xie Y, Lu G. Relationship of the p22phox (CYBA) gene polymorphism C242T with risk of coronary artery disease: a meta-analysis. PLoS One 2013; 8:e70885. [PMID: 24039708 PMCID: PMC3764124 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0070885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2013] [Accepted: 06/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Observational and experimental studies have thus far been unable to resolve whether the CYBA C242T polymorphism is associated with coronary artery disease (CAD). Therefore, we undertook a comprehensive meta-analysis to more precisely evaluate the influence of this polymorphism on CAD and potential biases. Methods We screened MEDLINE, Embase, CNKI, Wanfang and CBM up to January 2013 and extracted data from 22 studies with 9,279 CAD patients and 9,349 controls. A random-effects model was exploited to synthesize the inconsistent outcomes of the individual studies, while addressing between-study heterogeneity and publication bias. Results The CYBA C242T polymorphism conformed to Hard-Weinberg Equilibrium for all studies (P>0.05). Overall comparison of the T allele with the C allele produced a non-significant risk estimate for CAD but with striking heterogeneity (T versus C: P = 0.87, OR = 0.99, 95%CI 0.89–1.11, Pheterogeneity<0.0001, I2 = 67.8%). However, subgroup analysis by ethnicity documented that the T allele carriers had a marginal risk increase (21%) of CAD among Caucasians (recessive genetic model: P = 0.05, 95%CI 1.00–1.46, Pheterogeneity = 0.15, I2 = 29.1%). Then data were divided into study design, the significance of CAD risk increase was substantially strengthened in matched case-control studies (allele comparison: P = 0.02, OR = 1.13, 95%CI 1.02–1.26, Pheterogeneity = 0.24, I2 = 21.6%).Further meta-regression analysis identified that a large proportion of heterogeneity was explained by body mass index (BMI) (P = 0.03, OR = 1.07, 95%CI 1.01–1.15) and study design (P = 0.03, OR = 1.30, 95%CI 1.02–1.64).There was no obvious publication bias as verified by funnel plot and Egger's linear regression test (t = −0.25, P = 0.81 for allele comparison). Conclusion Taken together, our results suggested the CYBA C242T polymorphism might be a risk-conferring factor on developing CAD and BMI and study design were probable sources of between-study heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijun Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Izzicupo P, Di Valerio V, D' Amico MA, Di Mauro M, Pennelli A, Falone S, Alberti G, Amicarelli F, Miscia S, Gallina S, Di Baldassarre A. NAD(P)H oxidase and pro-inflammatory response during maximal exercise: role of C242T polymorphism of the P22PHOX subunit. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2010; 23:203-11. [PMID: 20378006 DOI: 10.1177/039463201002300118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Intense exercise induces a pro-inflammatory status through a mechanism involving the NAD(P)H oxidase system. We focused our attention on p22phox, a subunit of the NAD(P)H oxidase, and on its allelic polymorphism C242T, which is known to affect the functional activity of the enzyme. We investigated whether the p22phox C242T variants exhibit systemic effects in healthy subjects by analyzing the proinflammatory and cardiocirculatory responses to physical exercise in endurance athletes. The group of study consisted of 97 long distance runners, 37 +/- 4.4 yrs of age, with similar training history. The subjects underwent a maximal stress test during which both inflammatory and cardiopulmonary parameters were monitored. Our results demonstrate that T allele deeply influences the neutrophil activation in response to intense exercise, since T carriers were characterized by significantly lower release of myeloperoxidase (MPO), a classical leukocyte derived pro-inflammatory cytokine. In addition, the presence of T allele was associated with a higher cardiopulmonary efficiency as evidenced by a significantly lower Heart Rate (HR) at the peak of exercise and, when a dominant model was assumed, by a higher maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max). On the other hand, no effects of 242T mutation on the plasmatic total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and on the cortisol responses to the physical exercise were detected. In conclusion, our data support a systemic role for p22phox C242T polymorphism that, modifying the intensity of the inflammatory response, can influence the cardiovascular adaptations elicited by aerobic training. These results contribute to support the hypothesis of a systemic effect for the C242T polymorphism and of its possible functional rebound in healthy subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Izzicupo
- Department of Biomorphology, University of Chieti, Italy
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Fang S, Wang L, Jia C. Association of p22phox gene C242T polymorphism with coronary artery disease: a meta-analysis. Thromb Res 2010; 125:e197-201. [PMID: 20100625 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2010.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2009] [Revised: 12/20/2009] [Accepted: 01/05/2010] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The C242T polymorphism of p22phox gene (rs4673) has been linked to the reduced coronary artery disease (CAD) risk, but results in the published literatures are controversial. A meta-analysis was performed to assess the effect of this polymorphism on the CAD risk. METHODS A comprehensive search was conducted to identify all studies on the association of p22phox gene C242T polymorphism with CAD risk. The fixed or random effect pooled measure was selected based on the homogeneity test among studies. Heterogeneity among studies was evaluated using Q test and the I(2) of Higgins and Thompson. Meta-regression was used to explore the sources of between-study heterogeneity. Publication bias was estimated using modified Egger's linear regression test proposed by Harbord etal. RESULTS We identified 15 published articles including 6273 CAD cases and 5045 controls. In this studied overall and non-Asian populations, we didn't found any significant association of p22phox gene C242T polymorphism with CAD in any of codominant, dominant, and recessive models. Only in Asian population, both fixed effect model (FEM) and random effect model (REM) indicated the significant protective effect both in codominant (FEM: OR=0.771, 95%CI: 0.681-0.873; REM: OR=0.751, 95%CI: 0.607-0.930) and dominant (FEM: OR=0.714, 95%CI: 0.621-0.822; REM: OR=0.694, 95%CI: 0.538-0.895) models with strong evidence for between-study heterogeneity (I(2)=52.6% for codominant and I(2)=56.5% for dominant), but not in recessive model. No evidence of publication bias was detected. CONCLUSIONS The results suggested a significant heterogeneity across ethnicities about the relationship between the T allele of p22phox gene C242T polymorphism and reduced CAD risk, with a significant protective effect only in Asian population that needs to be confirmed by further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengxia Fang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Shandong University, PR China
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Paik IY, Jin CH, Jin HE, Kim YI, Cho SY, Roh HT, Suh AR, Suh SH. Effects of the NADPH oxidase p22phox C242T polymorphism on endurance exercise performance and oxidative DNA damage in response to aerobic exercise training. Mol Cells 2009; 27:557-62. [PMID: 19466604 DOI: 10.1007/s10059-009-0071-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2008] [Revised: 03/17/2009] [Accepted: 03/18/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We examined the effects of the NADPH oxidase p22phox C242T polymorphism on endurance exercise performance and oxidative DNA damage in response to acute and chronic exercises. One hundred three subjects were recruited, among which 26 healthy subjects (CC: 12, TC: 12, and TT: 2) were studied during rest, exercise at 85% VO(2)max, and recovery before and after 8 weeks of tread-mill running. Lymphocyte DNA damage increased significantly in response to exercise (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences in plasma MDA, SOD concentrations and lymphocyte DNA damage between CC genotype and T allele group, but significant endurance training differences were observed. Endurance training increased exercise time to exhaustion in both the CC genotype and T allele groups (p < 0.05) but no significant difference was found between groups. The results of the current study with young, healthy, Korean men are interpreted to mean that 1) the majority had the CC genotype of the NADPH oxidase p22phox C242T polymorphism (82.5%: CC, 15.5%: TC, 1.9%: TT), 2) acute exercise increased lymphocyte DNA damage, 3) endurance training significantly increased exercise time to exhaustion, and alleviated lymphocyte DNA damage, and 4) The NADPH oxidase p22phox C242T polymorphism, however, did not alter lymphocyte DNA damage or exercise performance at rest, immediately after exercise, or during recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Il-Young Paik
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Department of Physical Education, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
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Cheng Z, Li Y. What is responsible for the initiating chemistry of iron-mediated lipid peroxidation: an update. Chem Rev 2007; 107:748-66. [PMID: 17326688 DOI: 10.1021/cr040077w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Cheng
- The Key Laboratory of Bioorganic & Molecular Engineering, College of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China 100871
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Bedard K, Krause KH. The NOX family of ROS-generating NADPH oxidases: physiology and pathophysiology. Physiol Rev 2007; 87:245-313. [PMID: 17237347 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00044.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4878] [Impact Index Per Article: 286.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
For a long time, superoxide generation by an NADPH oxidase was considered as an oddity only found in professional phagocytes. Over the last years, six homologs of the cytochrome subunit of the phagocyte NADPH oxidase were found: NOX1, NOX3, NOX4, NOX5, DUOX1, and DUOX2. Together with the phagocyte NADPH oxidase itself (NOX2/gp91(phox)), the homologs are now referred to as the NOX family of NADPH oxidases. These enzymes share the capacity to transport electrons across the plasma membrane and to generate superoxide and other downstream reactive oxygen species (ROS). Activation mechanisms and tissue distribution of the different members of the family are markedly different. The physiological functions of NOX family enzymes include host defense, posttranlational processing of proteins, cellular signaling, regulation of gene expression, and cell differentiation. NOX enzymes also contribute to a wide range of pathological processes. NOX deficiency may lead to immunosuppresion, lack of otoconogenesis, or hypothyroidism. Increased NOX activity also contributes to a large number or pathologies, in particular cardiovascular diseases and neurodegeneration. This review summarizes the current state of knowledge of the functions of NOX enzymes in physiology and pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Bedard
- Biology of Ageing Laboratories, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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Perianayagam MC, Liangos O, Kolyada AY, Wald R, MacKinnon RW, Li L, Rao M, Balakrishnan VS, Bonventre JV, Pereira BJ, Jaber BL. NADPH oxidase p22phox and catalase gene variants are associated with biomarkers of oxidative stress and adverse outcomes in acute renal failure. J Am Soc Nephrol 2006; 18:255-63. [PMID: 17151330 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2006070806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species are important mediators of injury in acute renal failure (ARF). Although polymorphisms that affect key pro- and antioxidant enzymes might alter the susceptibility to oxidative stress-mediated injury, the use of genetic epidemiology for the study of oxidative stress-related genes has received little attention in ARF. The relationship of single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the coding region (C to T substitution at position +242) of the pro-oxidant enzyme NADPH oxidase p22phox subunit gene and in the promoter region (C to T substitution at position -262) of the antioxidant enzyme catalase gene to adverse clinical outcomes was evaluated prospectively in a cohort of 200 hospitalized patients with established ARF of mixed cause and severity. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood leukocytes and analyzed with a restriction fragment length polymorphism PCR method. Genotype-phenotype associations were characterized by measuring circulating nitrotyrosine and catalase activity. Observed and expected genotype frequencies were not significantly different, and overall baseline characteristics were not significantly different according to the various genotype groups. A genotype-phenotype association was demonstrable between the NADPH oxidase p22phox genotypes and plasma nitrotyrosine level (P = 0.06), as well as between the catalase genotypes and whole-blood catalase activity (P < 0.001). Compared with the NADPH oxidase p22phox CC genotype group, the T-allele group had a higher cumulative probability of remaining hospitalized (P = 0.03). Compared with the NADPH oxidase p22phox CC genotype, the T-allele carrier state was associated with 2.1-fold higher odds for dialysis requirement or hospital death (P = 0.01). This association persisted with 2.0- to 2.2-fold higher odds for this composite outcome after adjustment for race; gender; age; and the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score (P = 0.03), the Multiple Organ Failure score (P = 0.01), or presence of sepsis (P = 0.02). The polymorphism in the gene that encodes the NADPH oxidase p22phox subunit at position +242 is associated with dialysis requirement or hospital death among patients with ARF. Larger studies are needed to confirm these relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary C Perianayagam
- Division of Nephrology, Kidney and Dialysis Research Laboratory, Caritas St. Elizabeth's Medical Center, Boston, MA 02135, USA
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Kotur-Stevuljevic J, Memon L, Stefanovic A, Spasic S, Spasojevic-Kalimanovska V, Bogavac-Stanojevic N, Kalimanovska-Ostric D, Jelić-Ivanovic Z, Zunic G. Correlation of oxidative stress parameters and inflammatory markers in coronary artery disease patients. Clin Biochem 2006; 40:181-7. [PMID: 17070511 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2006.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2006] [Revised: 09/18/2006] [Accepted: 09/19/2006] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In addition to many traditional risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD) development, enhanced oxidative stress and inflammation are serious conditions that may also be classified as novel risk factors. In the present study, we assessed the relationship between several parameters of oxidative stress status [malonaldehyde (MDA), superoxide anion (O(2)(-)) and plasma and erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities] with high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and fibrinogen as inflammation markers. DESIGN AND METHODS Oxidative stress status parameters, inflammation markers and lipid status parameters were measured in 385 subjects [188 coronary heart disease (CHD) patients with angiographically diagnosed coronary artery disease (CAD), 141 patients with occlusion >50% in at least one major coronary artery (CAD+) and 47 patients with occlusion less than 50% (CAD-), and 197 CHD-free middle-aged subjects (the control group)]. RESULTS The plasma MDA concentration and the level of O(2)(-) in plasma were significantly higher in combination with significantly lower SOD activity in the CAD+ group vs. the control group. By using multiple stepwise regression analysis, fibrinogen and hsCRP showed independent correlation with MDA. Binary logistic regression analysis indicated that both MDA and O(2)(-) were significantly associated with CAD development and adjustment for inflammatory markers weakened this association in the case of MDA. CONCLUSIONS The relationship between oxidative stress parameters and inflammatory species suggest their strong mutual involvement in atherosclerosis development that leads to CAD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Kotur-Stevuljevic
- Institute for Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, P.O. Box 146, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
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15
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Park JY, Ferrell RE, Park JJ, Hagberg JM, Phares DA, Jones JM, Brown MD. NADPH oxidase p22phox gene variants are associated with systemic oxidative stress biomarker responses to exercise training. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2005; 99:1905-11. [PMID: 16002772 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00380.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic oxidative stress plays a role in many degenerative diseases. Although regular physical activity has been known as the most effective nonpharmacological intervention to alleviate the oxidative stress, the beneficial effect varies between individuals. We investigated whether NADPH oxidase p22phox gene C242T and A640G polymorphisms are associated with systemic oxidative stress level response to exercise training (ExTr). Fifty-nine sedentary middle-aged to older Caucasians with relatively high cardiovascular disease risk factors underwent a 6-mo standardized ExTr program. Body mass index, plasma lipoprotein-lipid profiles, cardiovascular fitness, and plasma thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) were measured before and after ExTr. Demographic and initial levels of cardiovascular disease risk factors were similar among genotype groups for both polymorphisms. Overall, TBARS was decreased by 16% with ExTr in the entire group ( P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in TBARS changes with ExTr among the C242T genotype groups. However, A allele carriers showed greater reduction in TBARS than noncarriers at the A640G locus ( P = 0.05). There was a significant interaction ( P = 0.05) between ExTr and A640G polymorphism in TBARS changes with ExTr. This interaction remained after accounting for age and baseline TBARS level. Furthermore, diplotype analysis showed that TBARS was decreased to a greater extent in the C242/A640 haplotype carriers compared with the noncarriers ( P < 0.05). We found that p22phox polymorphisms, especially A640G, were associated with differential changes in systemic oxidative stress with aerobic exercise training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joon-Young Park
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742-2611, USA
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16
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Zalba G, San José G, Moreno MU, Fortuño A, Díez J. NADPH oxidase-mediated oxidative stress: genetic studies of the p22(phox) gene in hypertension. Antioxid Redox Signal 2005; 7:1327-36. [PMID: 16115038 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2005.7.1327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Increased vascular production of reactive oxygen species, especially superoxide anion, significantly contributes to the oxidative stress associated with hypertension. An enhanced superoxide production causes an increased inactivation of nitric oxide that diminishes nitric oxide bioavailability, thus contributing to endothelial dysfunction and hypertrophy of vascular cells. It has been shown that NADPH oxidases play a major role as the most important sources of superoxide anion in phagocytic and vascular cells. Several experimental observations have described an enhanced superoxide generation as a result of NADPH oxidase activation in hypertension. Although these enzymes respond to stimuli such as vasoactive factors, growth factors, and cytokines, recent data suggest a significant role of the genetic background in the modulation of the expression of its different components. Several polymorphisms have been identified in the promoter and in the coding region of CYBA, the gene that encodes the essential subunit of the NADPH oxidase p22phox, some of which seem to influence significantly the activity of these enzymes in the context of cardiovascular diseases. Among CYBA polymorphisms, genetic investigations have provided a novel marker, the -930(A/G) polymorphism, which determines the genetic susceptibility of hypertensive patients to oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Zalba
- Area of Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Centre for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
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Soccio M, Toniato E, Evangelista V, Carluccio M, De Caterina R. Oxidative stress and cardiovascular risk: the role of vascular NAD(P)H oxidase and its genetic variants. Eur J Clin Invest 2005; 35:305-14. [PMID: 15860042 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2362.2005.01500.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Several risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD) induce atherosclerosis through endothelial activation and dysfunction, and ample evidence now suggests that the balance between production and removal of reactive oxygen species (ROS) - a condition termed oxidative stress - is implicated in such processes. A main source of ROS in vascular cells is the reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide/nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAD(P)H) oxidase system. This is a membrane-associated enzyme, composed of five subunits, catalyzing the one-electron reduction of oxygen, using NADH or NADPH as the electron donor. One of the system subunits, termed p22-phox, has a polymorphic site on exon 4, associated with variable enzyme activity. This polymorphism is generated by a point mutation (C(242)T) producing a substitution of histidine with tyrosine at position 72, which affects one of the heme binding sites essential for the NAD(P)H enzyme activity. The consequent decrease of superoxide production thus characterizes a phenotype candidate for conferring to the carrier a reduced susceptibility to CAD. At present, however, the body of evidence from current literature is not yet sufficient to confirm or exclude the hypothesis that the C(242)T polymorphism protects from CAD. The functional effects of this polymorphism and the potential and its pathophysiological consequences also need further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Soccio
- Institute of Cardiology, Center of Excellence on Ageing, G. d'Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy
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18
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Abstract
Atherosclerosis (ATS) is a multifactorial disease caused by the interaction of established or emerging risk factors with multiple predisposing genes that regulate ATS-related processes. This review will discuss the current knowledge concerning the potential role of the genetic variations that could promote and/or accelerate ATS, in both animal models and humans. Allelic polymorphisms or variations of distinct genes that enhance the risk of ATS frequently occur in the general population, but only adequate gene-environment interactions will lead to the disease. The main genes so far studied are involved in the regulation of processes such as endothelial function, antioxidant potential, coagulation, inflammatory response, and lipid, protein and carbohydrate metabolism. The detection of candidate genes associated with ATS could allow, in the near future, earlier interventions in genetically susceptible individuals. Further, large-scale population studies are needed to obtain more information on the specific gene-environment and drug-gene interactions capable of influencing ATS progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Puddu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardioangiology, Hepatology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Jaber BL, Pereira BJG, Bonventre JV, Balakrishnan VS. Polymorphism of host response genes: Implications in the pathogenesis and treatment of acute renal failure. Kidney Int 2005; 67:14-33. [PMID: 15610224 DOI: 10.1111/j.1523-1755.2005.00051.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Acute inflammatory disorders are the result of an interaction between genetic and environmental factors, and are often characterized by an imbalance between pro- and anti-inflammatory host immune responses. Over the past decade, polymorphisms of host response genes have been explored as genetic risk and prognostic markers in the course and severity of acute inflammatory disorders. Increasing evidence supports an important role for inflammatory mechanisms in the pathogenesis of acute renal failure (ARF) following both ischemic and nephrotoxic injury. The use of genetic epidemiology may become a useful tool to identify patients with an altered susceptibility to developing hospital-acquired ARF, and stratify those who may benefit from preventive therapies that modulate host immune responses in a favorable way. This review summarizes the existing experimental and clinical studies supporting the role of inflammation in ARF and critically appraises studies that have examined polymorphism of immune response genes as potential determinants of susceptibility to and severity of acute inflammatory disorders. Conclusions are drawn on the application of genetic epidemiology to the field of ARF and the rationale for further research on the role of genetic markers in ARF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bertrand L Jaber
- Division of Nephrology, Caritas St. Elizabeth's Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02135, USA.
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Matsunaga-Irie S, Maruyama T, Yamamoto Y, Motohashi Y, Hirose H, Shimada A, Murata M, Saruta T. Relation between development of nephropathy and the p22phox C242T and receptor for advanced glycation end product G1704T gene polymorphisms in type 2 diabetic patients. Diabetes Care 2004; 27:303-7. [PMID: 14747204 DOI: 10.2337/diacare.27.2.303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The development of diabetic nephropathy is considered to be associated with oxidative stress. NADPH oxidase and the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) have attracted attention as mechanisms of generating oxidative stress. We studied the relation between the genotypes of the NADPH p22phox C242T and RAGE G1704T polymorphisms and the development of diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetic patients. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Using a retrospective review of clinical data, we allocated 181 Japanese type 2 diabetic patients to one of two groups: patients without diabetic nephropathy (group N; n = 108) and patients developing diabetic nephropathy (group D; n = 73) for 10 years or more. The p22phox C242T and RAGE G1704T polymorphisms were examined by Taqman PCR methods. RESULTS The frequency of the p22phox CC genotype was significantly higher in group D than in group N (90 vs. 79%; P = 0.0427). The frequency of the RAGE GT + TT genotype was significantly higher in group D than in group N (26 vs. 13%; P = 0.0313). The frequency of the combination of p22phox CC and RAGE GT + TT genotypes was significantly higher in group D than in group N (22 vs. 8%; P = 0.0057). In multiple logistic regression analysis, systolic blood pressure, HbA(1c), triglycerides, and the combination of polymorphisms were shown to be independent variables. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that assessment of the combination of NADPH p22phox C242T and RAGE G1704T polymorphisms may be useful in identifying the risk for developing diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiko Matsunaga-Irie
- Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Nakano T, Matsunaga S, Nagata A, Maruyama T. NAD(P)H oxidase p22phox Gene C242T polymorphism and lipoprotein oxidation. Clin Chim Acta 2003; 335:101-7. [PMID: 12927691 DOI: 10.1016/s0009-8981(03)00284-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vascular NAD(P)H oxidase is a key enzyme of superoxide anion production in human vessel walls. The C242T mutation in the CYBA gene coding for p22phox, a component of the enzyme, may change the redox state. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the polymorphism on serum concentrations of oxidative stress markers. METHODS Serum samples were collected from 134 Type 2 diabetic patients and analyzed for oxidized high-density lipoprotein (HDL) by in-house ELISA, and oxidized low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) by commercial kits. For genotyping, the Taqman PCR method was adapted to detect the polymorphism. RESULTS Circulating concentrations of oxidized HDL were about 1.5-fold lower in those of the CT/TT genotypes than the CC genotype [3.3 +/- 0.3 and 5.0 +/- 0.3 U/dl (mean +/- S.E.M.), respectively; multiple regression analysis, p=0.006], whereas concentrations of oxidized LDL were slightly greater (1.1-fold, p=0.01) in those with the CT/TT genotypes. However, no significant difference was observed in TBARS between the genotypes. CONCLUSIONS The effect was inconsistent among the markers, but these results suggest that the CYBA C242T polymorphism is involved in NAD(P)H oxidase activity and affects oxidation of lipoproteins by altering the redox state in the vasculature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takanari Nakano
- Immunology Laboratory, Diagnostics Department, YAMASA Corporation, 2-10-1 Araoi-cho, Choshi, Chiba 288-0056, Japan.
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