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Hazukova R, Rezacova M, Pleskot M, Zadak Z, Cermakova E, Taborsky M. DNA damage and arterial hypertension. A systematic review and meta-analysis. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub 2024; 168:15-24. [PMID: 37916467 DOI: 10.5507/bp.2023.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative DNA damage markers (8OHdG, comet assay, gammaH2AX) are becoming widely used in clinical cardiology research. To conduct this review of DNA damage in relation to hypertension in humans, we used databases (e.g. PubMed, Web of Science) to search for English-language publications up to June 30, 2022 and the terms: DNA damage, comet assay, gammaH2AX, 8OHdG, strand breaks, and arterial hypertension. Exclusion criteria were: children, absence of relevant controls, extra-arterial hypertensive issues, animal, cell lines. From a total of 79526, 15 human studies were selected. A total of 902 hypertensive patients (pts): (comet: N=418 pts; 8OHdG: N=484 pts) and 587 controls (comet: N=203; 8OHdG: N=384) were included. DNA damage was significantly higher in hypertensive pts than healthy controls (comet 26.6±11.0 vs 11.7±4.07 arbitrary units /A.U./; P<0.05 and="" 8ohdg="" 13="" 1="" 4="" 12="" vs="" 6="" 97="" 2="" 67="" ng="" mg="" creatinine="" i=""> P<0.05) confirmed with meta-analysis for both. Greater DNA damage was observed in more adverse cases (concentric cardiac hypertrophy 43.4±15.4 vs 15.6±5.5; sustained/untreated hypertension 31.4±12.1 vs 14.2±5/35.0±5.0 vs 25.0 ±5.0; non-dippers 39.2±15.5 vs 29.4±11.1 A.U.; elderly 14.9±4.5 vs 9.3±4.1 ng/mg creatinine; without carvedilol 9.1±4.2 vs 5.7±3.9; with coronary heart disease 0.5±0.1 vs 0.2±0.1 ng/mL) (P<0.05) confirmed with meta-analysis. DNA damage correlated strongly positively with serum glycosylated haemoglobin (r=0.670; P<0.05) and negatively with total antioxidant status (r=-0.670 to -0.933; P<0.05). This is the first systematic review with meta-analysis showing that oxidative DNA damage was increased in humans with arterial hypertension compared to controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radka Hazukova
- Department of Internal Medicine I - Cardiology, University Hospital Olomouc and Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pardubice Regional Hospital, a.s., Pardubice, Czech Republic
- Department of Cardiology and Internal Medicine (Profi-Kardio, s.r.o.), Horice v Podkrkonosi, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Rezacova
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Miloslav Pleskot
- Department of Cardiology and Internal Medicine (Profi-Kardio, s.r.o.), Horice v Podkrkonosi, Czech Republic
| | - Zdenek Zadak
- Departments of Research and Development, University Hospital, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Cermakova
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Milos Taborsky
- Department of Internal Medicine I - Cardiology, University Hospital Olomouc and Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Czech Republic
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Gao S, Park BM, Cha SA, Bae UJ, Park BH, Park WH, Kim SH. Oxidative stress increases the risk of pancreatic β cell damage in chronic renal hypertensive rats. Physiol Rep 2017; 4:4/16/e12900. [PMID: 27535482 PMCID: PMC5002910 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.12900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertension often occurs in conjunction with insulin resistance. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether sustained renal hypertension increases the risk of diabetes mellitus in rats, and to define the underlying mechanisms. Two-kidney, one-clip hypertensive (2K1C) rats received captopril (50 mg/kg/day), α-lipoic acid (100 mg/kg/day), or vehicle treatment for 3 months after surgery. Blood pressure was measured by tail cuff plethysmography. Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), immunohistochemistry, and western blotting were performed. In addition, insulin secretion from islet cells was measured. OGTT yielded abnormal results, and the number of islet cells and the size of pancreatic β/α cells were decreased in 2K1C rats. Basal insulin levels were also reduced in the plasma. Insulin secretion from pancreatic islet cells in response to high glucose was also attenuated in 2K1C rats compared with sham rats. The levels of oxidative stress markers, including 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine and NADPH oxidase-4, were increased in pancreatic tissue and pancreatic islets in 2K1C rats. The abnormalities observed in 2K1C rats were improved by captopril or α-lipoic acid treatment. These findings indicate that sustained renal hypertension may lead to pancreatic dysfunction, increasing oxidative stress in pancreatic islets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Gao
- Department of Physiology, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea Department of Pharmacology, Taishan Medical University, Shandong, China
| | - Byung M Park
- Department of Physiology, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Seung A Cha
- Department of Physiology, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Ui J Bae
- Department of Biochemistry, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Byung H Park
- Department of Biochemistry, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Woo H Park
- Department of Physiology, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Suhn H Kim
- Department of Physiology, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea
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NOMURA S, MONOBE M, EMA K, MAEDA-YAMAMOTO M, NESUMI A. Comparison of the Effects of Three Tea Cultivars ( Camellia sinensis L.) on Nitric Oxide Production and Aortic Soluble Guanylate Cyclase Expression in High-Salt Diet-Fed Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 2017; 63:306-314. [DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.63.306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sachiko NOMURA
- Tea Research Division, Institute of Fruit Tree and Tea Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO)
| | - Manami MONOBE
- Tea Research Division, Institute of Fruit Tree and Tea Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO)
| | - Kaori EMA
- Tea Research Division, Institute of Fruit Tree and Tea Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO)
| | | | - Atsushi NESUMI
- Tea Research Division, Institute of Fruit Tree and Tea Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO)
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Takeuchi S, Nagatani K, Otani N, Nawashiro H, Sugawara T, Wada K, Mori K. Hydrogen improves neurological function through attenuation of blood-brain barrier disruption in spontaneously hypertensive stroke-prone rats. BMC Neurosci 2015; 16:22. [PMID: 25925889 PMCID: PMC4411925 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-015-0165-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2014] [Accepted: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Enhanced oxidative stress occurs in spontaneously hypertensive stroke-prone rats (SHRSP), and is important in blood–brain barrier (BBB) disruption. Hydrogen can exert potent protective cellular effects via reduction in oxidative stress in various diseases. The present study investigated whether long-term hydrogen treatment can improve neurological function outcome in the SHRSP model, and the effects of hydrogen on BBB function, especially the oxidative stress and the activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in this model. Fifty-six animals were randomly assigned to 2 groups and treated as follows: SHRSP treated with hydrogen-rich water (HRW) (HRW group, n = 28); and SHRSP treated with regular water (control group, n = 28). The effect of HRW on overall survival and neurological function, and the effects of HRW on reactive oxygen species, BBB function, and MMP activities were examined. Results HRW treatment improved neurological function and tended to improve overall survival but without significant difference. The numbers of bleeds and infarcts were lower in the cortex and hippocampus in the HRW group. The HRW group exhibited a significantly lower number of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine-positive cells and vessels of extravasated albumin in the hippocampus compared with the control group. MMP-9 activity was reduced in the hippocampus in the HRW group compared with the control group. Conclusions The present study suggests that ingestion of HRW can improve neurological function outcome in the SHRSP model. This beneficial effect may be due to attenuation of BBB disruption via reduction in reactive oxygen species and suppression of MMP-9 activity in the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoru Takeuchi
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama, 359-8513, Japan.
| | - Kimihiro Nagatani
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama, 359-8513, Japan.
| | - Naoki Otani
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama, 359-8513, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Nawashiro
- Division of Neurosurgery, Tokorozawa Central Hospital, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan.
| | - Takashi Sugawara
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Kojiro Wada
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama, 359-8513, Japan.
| | - Kentaro Mori
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama, 359-8513, Japan.
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Calió ML, Marinho DS, Ko GM, Ribeiro RR, Carbonel AF, Oyama LM, Ormanji M, Guirao TP, Calió PL, Reis LA, Simões MDJ, Lisbôa-Nascimento T, Ferreira AT, Bertoncini CRA. Transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells decreases oxidative stress, apoptosis, and hippocampal damage in brain of a spontaneous stroke model. Free Radic Biol Med 2014; 70:141-54. [PMID: 24525001 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2014.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Revised: 01/16/2014] [Accepted: 01/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Stroke is the most common cause of motor disabilities and is a major cause of mortality worldwide. Adult stem cells have been shown to be effective against neuronal degeneration through mechanisms that include both the recovery of neurotransmitter activity and a decrease in apoptosis and oxidative stress. We chose the lineage stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHRSP) as a model for stem cell therapy. SHRSP rats can develop such severe hypertension that they generally suffer a stroke at approximately 1 year of age. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) decrease apoptotic death and oxidative stress in existing SHRSP brain tissue. The results of qRT-PCR assays showed higher levels of the antiapoptotic Bcl-2 gene in the MSC-treated animals, compared with untreated. Our study also showed that superoxide, apoptotic cells, and by-products of lipid peroxidation decreased in MSC-treated SHRSP to levels similar those found in the animal controls, Wistar Kyoto rats. In addition, we saw a repair of morphological damage at the hippocampal region after MSC transplantation. These data suggest that MSCs have neuroprotective and antioxidant potential in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Longoni Calió
- Departamento de Biofísica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 04023-062, Brazil
| | - Darci Sousa Marinho
- Centro de Desenvolvimento de Modelos Experimentais para Medicina e Biologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 04023-062, Brazil
| | - Gui Mi Ko
- Centro de Desenvolvimento de Modelos Experimentais para Medicina e Biologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 04023-062, Brazil
| | | | - Adriana Ferraz Carbonel
- Departamento de Morfologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 04023-062, Brazil
| | - Lila Missae Oyama
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 04023-062, Brazil
| | - Milene Ormanji
- Centro de Desenvolvimento de Modelos Experimentais para Medicina e Biologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 04023-062, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Pinoti Guirao
- Centro de Desenvolvimento de Modelos Experimentais para Medicina e Biologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 04023-062, Brazil
| | - Pedro Luiz Calió
- Departamento de Odontologia, Universidade Santa Cecília, Santos, SP, Brazil
| | - Luciana Aparecida Reis
- Departamento de Nefrologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 04023-062, Brazil
| | - Manuel de Jesus Simões
- Departamento de Morfologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 04023-062, Brazil
| | - Telma Lisbôa-Nascimento
- Departamento de Biofísica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 04023-062, Brazil
| | - Alice Teixeira Ferreira
- Departamento de Biofísica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 04023-062, Brazil
| | - Clélia Rejane Antônio Bertoncini
- Centro de Desenvolvimento de Modelos Experimentais para Medicina e Biologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 04023-062, Brazil.
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Higashino S, Sasaki Y, Giddings JC, Hyodo K, Fujimoto Sakata S, Matsuda K, Horikawa Y, Yamamoto J. Crocetin, a Carotenoid fromGardenia jasminoidesEllis, Protects against Hypertension and Cerebral Thrombogenesis in Stroke-prone Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats. Phytother Res 2014; 28:1315-9. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2012] [Revised: 01/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Saori Higashino
- Laboratory of Physiology, Faculty of Nutrition; Kobe Gakuin University; Nishi-Ku Kobe 651-2180 Japan
| | - Yasuto Sasaki
- Laboratory of Physiology, Faculty of Nutrition; Kobe Gakuin University; Nishi-Ku Kobe 651-2180 Japan
| | - John C. Giddings
- Formerly, Department of Haematology, School of Medicine; Cardiff University; Cardiff UK
| | - Kanae Hyodo
- Laboratory of Physiology, Faculty of Nutrition; Kobe Gakuin University; Nishi-Ku Kobe 651-2180 Japan
| | - Shigeko Fujimoto Sakata
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Nutrition; Kobe Gakuin University; Nishi-Ku Kobe 651-2180 Japan
| | - Koichi Matsuda
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Nutrition; Kobe Gakuin University; Nishi-Ku Kobe 651-2180 Japan
| | - Yoko Horikawa
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Nutrition; Kobe Gakuin University; Nishi-Ku Kobe 651-2180 Japan
| | - Junichiro Yamamoto
- Laboratory of Physiology, Faculty of Nutrition; Kobe Gakuin University; Nishi-Ku Kobe 651-2180 Japan
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Gönenç A, Hacışevki A, Tavil Y, Çengel A, Torun M. Oxidative stress in patients with essential hypertension: a comparison of dippers and non-dippers. Eur J Intern Med 2013; 24:139-44. [PMID: 22981289 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejim.2012.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2012] [Revised: 07/31/2012] [Accepted: 08/22/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress seems to play an important role in the pathophysiology of essential hypertension. We aimed to examine serum MDA, NO, 8-OHdG, ADMA, NT, CoQ10 and TAC as biomarkers of oxidative stress in dipper and non-dipper hypertensive patients. METHODS Eighteen dipper hypertensives, 20 non-dipper hypertensives and 22 healthy control subjects were included in the study. Clinical assessment and ambulatory blood pressure monitoring were performed in patients. Serum MDA, TAC and NO levels were measured by using spectrophotometric methods. CoQ10 levels were measured by HPLC method. 8-OHdG, ADMA and NT were quantitated by ELISA methods. RESULTS MDA levels were significantly higher in dipper and non-dipper groups compared to controls (p<0.05 and p<0.01, respectively). TAC levels were found at low level in patients dipper and non-dipper patients compared to control group (p<0.01). Higher ADMA and NT levels but lower CoQ10 levels were found in non-dipper group compared to healthy controls (p<0.01, p<0.05, and p<0.05, respectively). ADMA levels were found higher in non-dipper group than those of dipper group (p<0.01). DISCUSSION Increased ADMA, NT levels and decreased CoQ10 levels in non-dipper hypertensive patients might indicate more severe oxidative stres compared with dipper hypertensive patients, which plays an important role in the development of cardiovascular diseases. Increased MDA and reduced TAC levels might be considered as prospective prognostic markers of the development of cardiovascular diseases in dipper and non-dipper hypertensive patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aymelek Gönenç
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey.
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Angiotensin II-induced hypertension dose-dependently leads to oxidative stress and DNA damage in mouse kidneys and hearts. J Hypertens 2013; 31:333-44. [DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0b013e32835ba77e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Fazeli G, Stopper H, Schinzel R, Ni CW, Jo H, Schupp N. Angiotensin II induces DNA damage via AT1 receptor and NADPH oxidase isoform Nox4. Mutagenesis 2012; 27:673-81. [PMID: 22844079 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/ges033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies revealed increased renal cancer incidences and higher cancer mortalities in hypertensive individuals. Activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system leads to the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In vitro, in renal cells, and ex vivo, in the isolated perfused mouse kidney, we could show DNA-damaging potential of angiotensin II (Ang II). Here, the pathway involved in the genotoxicity of Ang II was investigated. In kidney cell lines with properties of proximal tubulus cells, an activation of NADPH oxidase and the production of ROS, resulting in the formation of DNA strand breaks and micronuclei induction, was observed. This DNA damage was mediated by the Ang II type 1 receptor (AT1R), together with the G protein G ( α-q/11 ) . Subsequently, phospholipase C (PLC) was activated and intracellular calcium increased. Both calcium stores of the endoplasmic reticulum and extracellular calcium were involved in the genotoxicity of Ang II. Downstream, a role for protein kinase C (PKC) could be detected, because its inhibition hindered Ang II from damaging the cells. Although PKC was activated, no involvement of its known target, the NADPH oxidase isoform containing the Nox2 subunit, could be found, as tested by small-interfering RNA down-regulation. Responsible for the DNA-damaging activity of Ang II was the NADPH oxidase isoform containing the Nox4 subunit. In summary, in kidney cells the DNA-damaging activity of Ang II depends on an AT1R-mediated activation of NADPH oxidase via PLC, PKC and calcium signalling, with the NADPH subunit Nox4 playing a crucial role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gholamreza Fazeli
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Versbacher Str. 9, University of Würzburg, 97078 Würzburg, Germany
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Kawato T, Tanaka H, Tabuchi M, Ooshima K, Nakai K, Yamashita Y, Maeno M. Continual Gram-Negative Bacterial Challenge Accelerates Stroke Onset in Stroke-Prone Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats. Clin Exp Hypertens 2012; 35:28-34. [DOI: 10.3109/10641963.2012.689042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Bailey EL, Smith C, Sudlow CLM, Wardlaw JM. Is the spontaneously hypertensive stroke prone rat a pertinent model of sub cortical ischemic stroke? A systematic review. Int J Stroke 2012; 6:434-44. [PMID: 21951409 DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-4949.2011.00659.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The spontaneously hypertensive stroke prone rat is best known as an inducible model of large artery stroke. Spontaneous strokes and stroke propensity in the spontaneously hypertensive stroke prone rat are less well characterized; however, could be relevant to human lacunar stroke. We systematically reviewed the literature to assess the brain tissue and small vessel pathology underlying the spontaneous strokes of the spontaneously hypertensive stroke prone rat. We searched systematically three online databases from 1970 to May 2010; excluded duplicates, reviews, and articles describing the consequences of induced middle cerebral artery occlusion or noncerebral pathology; and recorded data describing brain region and the vessels examined, number of animals, age, dietary salt intake, vascular and tissue abnormalities. Among 102 relevant studies, animals sacrificed after developing stroke-like symptoms displayed arteriolar wall thickening, subcortical lesions, enlarged perivascular spaces and cortical infarcts and hemorrhages. Histopathology, proteomics and imaging studies suggested that the changes not due simply to hypertension. There may be susceptibility to endothelial permeability increase that precedes arteriolar wall thickening, degeneration and perivascular tissue changes; systemic inflammation may also precede cerebrovascular changes. There were very few data on venules or tissue changes before hypertension. The spontaneously hypertensive stroke prone rat shows similar features to human lacunar stroke and may be a good spontaneous model of this complex human disorder. Further studies should focus on structural changes at early ages and genetics to identify factors that predispose to vascular and brain damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma L Bailey
- Division of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
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Ikemura M, Sasaki Y, Giddings JC, Yamamoto J. Preventive Effects of Hesperidin, Glucosyl Hesperidin and Naringin on Hypertension and Cerebral Thrombosis in Stroke-prone Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats. Phytother Res 2012; 26:1272-7. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.3724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2011] [Revised: 11/06/2011] [Accepted: 11/08/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miyako Ikemura
- Laboratory of Physiology, Faculty of Nutrition; Kobe Gakuin University; Nishi-Ku; Kobe; Japan
| | - Yasuto Sasaki
- Laboratory of Physiology, Faculty of Nutrition; Kobe Gakuin University; Nishi-Ku; Kobe; Japan
| | | | - Junichiro Yamamoto
- Laboratory of Physiology, Faculty of Nutrition; Kobe Gakuin University; Nishi-Ku; Kobe; Japan
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Ikemura M, Sasaki Y, Giddings JC, Yamamoto J. Protective Effects of Nobiletin on Hypertension and Cerebral Thrombosis in Stroke-Prone Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHRSP). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.4236/fns.2012.311201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Sasaki Y, Kobara N, Higashino S, Giddings JC, Yamamoto J. Astaxanthin inhibits thrombosis in cerebral vessels of stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats. Nutr Res 2011; 31:784-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2011.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2011] [Revised: 08/25/2011] [Accepted: 09/19/2011] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Treatment with valsartan stimulates endothelial progenitor cells and renal label-retaining cells in hypertensive rats. J Hypertens 2011; 29:91-101. [PMID: 20935578 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0b013e32834000e2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The pathogenesis of hypertension is dependent on tissue angiotensin (Ang) II, which induces cardiovascular and renal remodeling. The presence of label-retaining cells (LRCs) as renal stem cells has been reported in nephrotubulus. We examined effects of treatment with valsartan on endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and renal LRCs in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR-SP). METHODS SHR-SP were salt-loaded and treated with hydralazine or valsartan. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (MNCs) were cultured to assess EPC colony formation and migration. LRCs were labeled for 1 week with bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) and were detected after a 2-week chase period. We measured expression of c-kit and Pax-2 mRNAs in renal medulla. RESULTS Colony formation and migration of EPCs were suppressed in salt-loaded SHR-SP. Treatment with valsartan markedly stimulated these EPC functions. There was no difference in the number of renal LRCs in normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats and SHR-SP. Treatment with valsartan significantly improved renal tubular degeneration and increased the number of LRCs in renal medulla from salt-loaded SHR-SP. Treatment with valsartan significantly increased expression of c-kit and Pax-2 mRNAs in renal medulla from salt-loaded SHR-SP. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that ARBs have cardiovascular and renal protective effects through an antioxidative action that stimulates ECP function and increases the number of the self-repairing renal LRCs.
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Queisser N, Fazeli G, Schupp N. Superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide-induced signaling and damage in angiotensin II and aldosterone action. Biol Chem 2010; 391:1265-79. [DOI: 10.1515/bc.2010.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) can be induced by xenobiotic substances, such as redox cycling molecules, but also by endogenous substances such as hormones and cytokines. Recent research shows the importance of ROS in cellular signaling. Here, the signaling pathways of the two blood pressure-regulating hormones angiotensin II and aldosterone are presented, focusing on both their physiological effects and the change of signaling owing to the action of increased concentrations or prolonged exposure. When present in high concentrations, both angiotensin II and aldosterone, as various other endogenous substances, activate NADPH oxidase, which produces superoxide. In this review the generation of superoxide anions and hydrogen peroxide in cells stimulated with angiotensin II or aldosterone, as well as the subsequently induced signaling processes and DNA damage is discussed.
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Michihara A, Shimatani M, Anraku M, Tomida H, Akasaki K. High levels of oxidative stress exist in the brain than serum or kidneys in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats at ten weeks of age. Biol Pharm Bull 2010; 33:518-21. [PMID: 20190419 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.33.518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we examined levels of oxidative stress in the serum, brain and kidneys of normotensive Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY) and stroke prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP) at 10 weeks of age. Levels of advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), oxidized albumin and oxidized proteins, markers of oxidative stress, were significantly decreased in serum among SHRSP as compared with WKY. Levels of oxidized proteins determined by immunoblotting were significantly increased in the brain, but not kidney, of SHRSP. The mRNA level of super oxide dismutase (SOD) determined by real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and the protein level of catalase assessed by immunoblotting were significantly increased in the brain of SHRSP. From these results, it was suggested that levels of oxidative stress were higher in the brain than serum or kidneys of SHRSP at 10 weeks of age, but are not caused by decreases in the expression of SOD and catalase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Michihara
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, Hiroshima 729-0292, Japan.
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Kushiro T, Fujita H, Hisaki R, Asai T, Ichiyama I, Kitahara Y, Koike M, Sugiura H, Saito F, Otsuka Y, Kanmatsuse K. Oxidative Stress in the Dahl Salt-Sensitive Hypertensive Rat. Clin Exp Hypertens 2009; 27:9-15. [PMID: 15773226 DOI: 10.1081/ceh-200044244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress has been proposed as important in the pathogenesis of hypertension. Measurement of 8-iso prostaglandin F2alpha (8-ISO) is introduced for evaluating oxidative stress in vivo. 8-ISO is the major urinary metabolite of F2-isoprostanes and is formed nonenzymatically from the attack of superoxide radicals on arachidonic acid. We examined the oxidative stress level in the Dahl salt-sensitive (Dahl-S) rats and the Dahl salt-resistant (Dahl-R) rats. Dahl-S and Dahl-R rats were fed either a high salt diet (8% NaCl; HS) or low salt diet (0.3% NaCl; LS) for 3 weeks, and systolic blood pressure (SBP) and 24-hr urinary excretion of 8-ISO (U-8-ISO) were measured. In Dahl-S rats, the high salt diet induced hypertension (139 +/- 3 mmHg in LS versus 186 +/- 2 mmHg in HS, p < .05) and significantly increased the U-8-ISO (24.9 +/- 3.6 ng/24 hr in LS versus 63.2 +/- 14.6 ng/24 hr in HS, p < .05). No significant difference in blood pressure or U-8-ISO was observed between high-salt and low-salt treated Dahl-R rats. U-8-ISO concentration was correlated with SBP in all four experimental groups (r = 0.866). Moreover, urinary 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (U-8-OHdG), which is one of the most commonly used markers for evaluation of oxidative stress, was higher in Dahl-S-8% rats than in Dahl-S-0.3% rats (136.1 +/- 48.4 ng/24 hr in LS versus 322.8 +/- 46.7 ng/24 hr in HS, p < .05), and U-8-OHdG was correlated with SBP (r = 0.681) in Dahl-S rats. These results suggest oxygen radicals are involved in the pathogenesis of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshio Kushiro
- Department of Cardiology, Nihon University Surugadai Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
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Almeida MR, Lima EDO, da Silva VJD, Campos MG, Antunes LM, Salman AKD, Dias FL. Genotoxic studies in hypertensive and normotensive rats treated with amiodarone. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2008; 657:155-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2008.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2008] [Revised: 09/15/2008] [Accepted: 09/16/2008] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Yao EH, Fukuda N, Matsumoto T, Kobayashi N, Katakawa M, Yamamoto C, Tsunemi A, Suzuki R, Ueno T, Matsumoto K. Losartan improves the impaired function of endothelial progenitor cells in hypertension via an antioxidant effect. Hypertens Res 2008; 30:1119-28. [PMID: 18250561 DOI: 10.1291/hypres.30.1119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated the effects of the angiotensin II (Ang II) receptor blocker (ARB) losartan on the formation and number of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in hypertensive rats. Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats and stroke-prone, spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR-SP) were salt-loaded and then treated with losartan (10 mg/kg/day), trichlormethiazide (TCM; 1.6 mg/kg/day), or tempol (1 mmol/L) for 2 weeks. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated, subjected to flow cytometric analysis to determine the number of circulating EPCs, cultured to assay EPC colony formation, and subjected to a migration chamber assay to evaluate EPC migration. Oxidative stress in EPCs was evaluated by thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) assay. The results showed that the number, colony formation, and migration of EPCs were markedly decreased in SHR-SP compared to those in WKY rats. The TBARS scores were significantly greater in SHR-SP than in WKY rats. Losartan and TCM decreased systolic blood pressure in SHR-SP to similar levels. Losartan and tempol increased the number of circulating EPCs and colony formation, and inhibited oxidation in SHR-SP. TCM did not affect the EPC number, colony formation, or oxidation. Both losartan and TCM stimulated EPC migration. Expression of gp91(phox), p22(phox), and p47(phox) mRNA in tissues was significantly decreased by losartan but not by TCM. These results indicate that the formation and function of EPCs are impaired by oxidative stress in SHR-SP. This is the first report to show that losartan improves the proliferation and function of EPCs in hypertension, suggesting that ARBs are useful to repair hypertensive vascular injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- En-Hui Yao
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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UENO T, TAKAGI H, FUKUDA N, TAKAHASHI A, YAO EH, MITSUMATA M, HIRAOKA-YAMAMOTO J, IKEDA K, MATSUMOTO K, YAMORI Y. Cardiovascular Remodeling and Metabolic Abnormalities in SHRSP.Z-Leprfa/IzmDmcr Rats as a New Model of Metabolic Syndrome. Hypertens Res 2008; 31:1021-31. [DOI: 10.1291/hypres.31.1021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Wallenborn JG, Schladweiler MC, Nyska A, Johnson JA, Thomas R, Jaskot RH, Richards JH, Ledbetter AD, Kodavanti UP. Cardiopulmonary responses of Wistar Kyoto, spontaneously hypertensive, and stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats to particulate matter (PM) exposure. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2007; 70:1912-1922. [PMID: 17966062 DOI: 10.1080/15287390701551233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Humans with underlying cardiovascular disease, including stroke, are more susceptible to ambient particulate matter (PM)-induced morbidity and mortality. We hypothesized that stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP) would be more susceptible than healthy Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats to PM-induced cardiac oxidative stress and pulmonary injury. We further postulated that PM-induced injury would be greater in SHRSP than in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) based on the greater disease severity in SHRSP than SHR. First, male WKY and SHRSP were intratracheally (IT) instilled with saline or 1.11, 3.33, or 8.33 mg/kg of oil combustion PM and responses were analyzed 4 or 24 h later. Second, SHR and SHRSP were IT instilled with saline or 3.33 or 8.33 mg/kg of the same PM and responses were analyzed 24 h later. Pulmonary injury and inflammation were assessed in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and cardiac markers in cytosolic and mitochondrial fractions. BALF neutrophilic inflammatory response was induced similarly in all strains following PM exposure. BALF protein leakage, gamma-glutamyl transferase, and N-acetylglucosaminidase activities, but not lactate dehydrogenase activity, were exacerbated in SHRSP compared to WKY or SHR. Pulmonary cytosolic and cardiac mitochondrial ferritin levels decreased, and cardiac cytosolic superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity increased in SHRSP only. Pulmonary SOD activity decreased in WKY and SHRSP. Cardiac mitochondrial isocitrate dehydrogenase (ICDH) activity decreased in PM-exposed WKY and SHR; control levels were lower in SHRSP than SHR or WKY. In summary, strain-related differences exist in pulmonary protein leakage and oxidative stress markers. PM-induced changes in cardiac oxidative stress sensitive enzymes are small, and appear only slightly exacerbated in SHRSP compared to WKY or SHR. Multiple biological markers may be differentially affected by PM in genetic models of cardiovascular diseases. Preexisting cardiovascular disease may influence susceptibility to PM pulmonary and cardiac health effects in a disease-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Grace Wallenborn
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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Sasaki Y, Noguchi T, Yamamoto E, Giddings JC, Ikeda K, Yamamoto J, Yamori Y. EFFECTS OF VOLUNTARY EXERCISE ON CEREBRAL THROMBOSIS and ENDOTHELIAL FUNCTION IN SPONTANEOUSLY HYPERTENSIVE RATS (SHRSP/IZM). Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2004; 31 Suppl 2:S47-8. [PMID: 15649288 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1681.2004.04112.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
1. Effects of voluntary exercise on blood pressures, oxidative stress, urinary nitric oxide (NO) level and expression of endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) mRNA were studied in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP/Izm). 2. SHRSP at the age of 6 weeks were divided into four groups: (i) the control group, sedentary group; (ii) the L-NAME group, which was the sedentary control group given L-NAME (5 mg/kg per day) in drinking water; (iii) the exercise group, which was allowed to run voluntarily on running wheel attached to the metal cages; and (iv) the exercise plus L-NAME group which was loaded exercise and given L-NAME solution for 3 weeks. 3. The bodyweight and systolic pressure of rats were increased with age and the bodyweight of the rats in an exercise plus L-NAME group was less than control but systolic pressure in the exercise group were significantly lower than control. 4. Thrombotic tendency assessed by He-Ne laser method in an exercise group was significantly decreased compared with the rest of the groups. 5. Urinary nitrite/nitrate level was significantly increased in the exercise group compared with before (6 weeks) and after exercise (9 weeks), but there were no significant differences in the rest of groups. 6. eNOS mRNA expression of aorta in the exercise group measured after exercise was significantly higher than the other groups. 7. Urinary 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) level after exercise was significantly decreased in the exercise group compared with before exercise. 8. These results suggested that voluntary exercise decreased thrombotic tendency by increasing NO level through enhanced expression of eNOS mRNA and antioxidative effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuto Sasaki
- Laboratory of Physiology, Kobe Gakuin University, Nishi-ku, Kobe, Japan.
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Chabrashvili T, Kitiyakara C, Blau J, Karber A, Aslam S, Welch WJ, Wilcox CS. Effects of ANG II type 1 and 2 receptors on oxidative stress, renal NADPH oxidase, and SOD expression. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2003; 285:R117-24. [PMID: 12609817 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00476.2002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 254] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress accompanies angiotensin (ANG) II infusion, but the role of ANG type 1 vs. type 2 receptors (AT1-R and AT2-R, respectively) is unknown. We infused ANG II subcutaneously in rats for 1 wk. Excretion of 8-isoprostaglandin F2alpha (8-Iso) and malonyldialdehyde (MDA) were related to renal cortical mRNA abundance for subunits of NADPH oxidase and superoxide dismutases (SODs) using real-time PCR. Subsets of ANG II-infused rats were given the AT1-R antagonist candesartan cilexetil (Cand) or the AT2-R antagonist PD-123,319 (PD). Compared to vehicle (Veh), ANG II increased 8-Iso excretion by 41% (Veh, 5.4 +/- 0.8 vs. ANG II, 7.6 +/- 0.5 pg/24 h; P < 0.05). This was prevented by Cand (5.6 +/- 0.5 pg/24 h; P < 0.05) and increased by PD (15.8 +/- 2.0 pg/24 h; P < 0.005). There were similar changes in MDA excretion. Compared to Veh, ANG II significantly (P < 0.005) increased the renal cortical mRNA expression of p22phox (twofold), Nox-1 (2.6-fold), and Mn-SOD (1.5-fold) and decreased expression of Nox-4 (2.1-fold) and extracellular (EC)-SOD (2.1-fold). Cand prevented all of these changes except for the increase in Mn-SOD. PD accentuated changes in p22phox and Nox-1 and increased p67phox. We conclude that ANG II infusion stimulates oxidative stress via AT1-R, which increases the renal cortical mRNA expression of p22phox and Nox-1 and reduces abundance of Nox-4 and EC-SOD. This is offset by strong protective effects of AT2-R, which are accompanied by decreased expression of p22phox, Nox-1, and p67phox.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Chabrashvili
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Georgetown Univ. Hospital, 3800 Reservoir Rd, N.W., PHC F6003, Washington, DC 20007, USA
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Sasaki Y, Noguchi T, Yamamoto E, Giddings JC, Ikeda K, Yamori Y, Yamamoto J. Effects of Ginkgo biloba extract (EGb 761) on cerebral thrombosis and blood pressure in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2002; 29:963-7. [PMID: 12366386 DOI: 10.1046/j.1440-1681.2002.03761.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
1. An extract of Ginkgo biloba (EGb 761) has been reported to alleviate cerebrovascular problems. In the present study, we investigated the antithrombotic effects of EGb 761 in cerebral blood vessels of stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP/Izm). 2. In the present study, EGb 761 was administered orally to SHRSP/Izm at 60 and 120 mg/kg each day for 3 weeks from the age of 7 weeks. The age-related increase in blood pressure observed in SHRSP was suppressed significantly by EGb 761 at both doses 3 weeks after treatment. 3. Thrombotic potential was assessed in vivo using a He-Ne laser-induced thrombosis model and was significantly suppressed by EGb 761. 4. The anti-oxidant effects of EGb 761 were determined by measurement of urinary 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG). At 120 mg/kg, EGb 761 decreased 8-OHdG significantly compared with control animals. 5. Urinary nitrite/nitrate, nitric oxide (NO) metabolites, were increased significantly after administration of EGb 761. Expression of endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) mRNA was measured using a real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction method. The expression of eNOS mRNA in the EGb 761 group (120 mg/kg) was significantly higher than in the control group. 6. The results indicate that EGb 761 decreases blood pressure and mediates strong antithrombotic and anti-oxidant effects in SHRSP. These pharmacological activities may contribute to the beneficial properties of EGb 761 observed in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuto Sasaki
- Laboratory of Physiology, Faculty of Nutrition, Kobe Gakuin University, Kobe, Japan.
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Mizutani KI, Ikeda K, Tsuda K, Yamori Y. Inhibitor for advanced glycation end products formation attenuates hypertension and oxidative damage in genetic hypertensive rats. J Hypertens 2002; 20:1607-14. [PMID: 12172323 DOI: 10.1097/00004872-200208000-00024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A recent study demonstrated that free radicals were involved in the maintenance of hypertension in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP). Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) accumulate progressively in the vasculature with ageing, and have been identified to be relevant mediators for various vascular complications. To elucidate the role of AGEs in genetic hypertension, we investigated the effect of OPB-9195, a novel inhibitor of AGEs, on hypertension and oxidative damage in SHRSP. METHODS Five-week-old male SHRSP were divided into a control group, fed a control diet and two, OPB-9195, (+/-)-2-isopropylidenehydrazono-4-oxo-thiazolidin-5-ylacetanilide, treatment groups, fed a diet supplemented with OPB-9195 at the concentration of 0.5 (OPB-L) or 2 mg/g (OPB-H) mixed chow for 10 weeks. RESULTS The plasma of OPB-9195-treated SHRSP had lower levels of glycated albumin as compared with that of control SHRSP. OPB-9195 lowered the systolic blood pressure (SBP) by the fourth week of administration, and this effect was maintained throughout the study. We also confirmed SBP and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) rhythms, monitored by telemetry, were significantly lower in the OPB-H group than in the control group. Urinary nitric oxide (NO) excretion as well as the expression of endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) mRNA, and eNOS activity in the aorta were significantly increased in OPB-9195-treated groups compared with the control group. The levels of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), produced from deoxyguanosine under conditions of oxidative stress, in the urine of OPB-9195-treated SHRSP was significantly lower than in the control SHRSP. We also confirmed that the expression of glutathione peroxidase in the aorta was significantly increased in OPB-9195 treated SHRSP. CONCLUSIONS Because long-term administration of a AGEs inhibitor reduces blood pressure and oxidative damage in SHRSP, this study suggests a role for AGEs in the progression or maintenance of hypertension and related diseases in genetic hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken-Ichi Mizutani
- Laboratory of Life Science, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
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Noguchi T, Ikeda K, Sasaki Y, Yamamoto J, Seki J, Yamagata K, Nara Y, Hara H, Kakuta H, Yamori Y. Effects of vitamin E and sesamin on hypertension and cerebral thrombogenesis in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats. Hypertens Res 2001; 24:735-42. [PMID: 11768736 DOI: 10.1291/hypres.24.735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The preventive effects of sesamin, a lignan from sesame oil, and vitamin E on hypertension and thrombosis were examined using stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP). At 5 weeks of age the animals were separated into four groups: (i) a control group; (ii) a vitamin E group, which was given a 1,000 mg alpha-tocopherol/kg diet; (iii) a sesamin group, given a 1,000 mg sesamin/kg diet; and (iv) a vitamin E plus sesamin group, given a 1,000 mg alpha-tocopherol plus 1,000 mg sesamin/kg diet for 5 weeks from 5 to 10 weeks of age. Resting blood pressure was measured by the tail-cuff method once weekly. A closed cranial window was created and platelet-rich thrombi were induced in vivo using a helium-neon laser technique. The number of laser pulses required for formation of an occlusive thrombus was used as an index of thrombotic tendency. In control rats, systolic blood pressure and the amount of urinary 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) became significantly elevated with age. However, the elevation in blood pressure and 8-OHdG were significantly suppressed in rats administrated vitamin E, sesamin, or vitamin E plus sesamin. At 10 weeks, the number of laser pulses required to induce an occlusive thrombus in arterioles of the control group was significantly lower than in the other groups (p<0.05). These results indicate that chronic ingestion of vitamin E and sesamin attenuated each of elevation in blood pressure, oxidative stress and thrombotic tendency, suggesting that these treatments might be beneficial in the prevention of hypertension and stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Noguchi
- Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Japan.
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On YK, Kim HS, Kim SY, Chae IH, Oh BH, Lee MM, Park YB, Choi YS, Chung MH. Vitamin C prevents radiation-induced endothelium-dependent vasomotor dysfunction and de-endothelialization by inhibiting oxidative damage in the rat. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2001; 28:816-21. [PMID: 11553021 DOI: 10.1046/j.1440-1681.2001.03528.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
1. The present study was undertaken to determine whether endothelial function or morphology was altered in aortic rings of rats after irradiation, to investigate the mechanism of radiation effects on the endothelium and to examine the effect of vitamin C treatment against radiation-induced damage of the endothelium. 2. Female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into four groups (control, radiation, radiation + vitamin C, radiation + vitamin C + NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME); n = 10 for each group and n = 7 for the control group) and were irradiated with 10 Gy of 137Cs as a radiation source. Segments of the thoracic aorta were obtained and isometric tension, levels of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (OH-dG) and immunohistochemical staining were measured. 3. Irradiation significantly impaired the acetylcholine-induced vasodilation of aortic segments, an effect that could be prevented by pretreatment with vitamin C (500 mg/kg per day). This beneficial effect of vitamin C was abolished by the addition of L-NAME (100 microg/kg per day), an inhibitor of nitric oxide (NO) synthesis. Irradiation significantly increased the level of OH-dG in the aorta (1.02 +/- 0.27 vs 2.61 +/- 0.78 OH-dG/105 deoxyguanosine (dG) for control and irradiated tissues, respectively; P < 0.01), an increase that was prevented by vitamin C treatment (1.59 +/- 0.23 OH-dG/105 dG; P < 0.01). Irradiation caused significant de-endothelialization (von Willebrand factor (vWF) staining was 93 +/- 7 vs 100% in irradiated and control tissues, respectively; P < 0.05) and this was prevented by vitamin C treatment (vWF staining 98 +/- 3%; P < 0.05). 4. Radiation caused endothelial damage and impaired NO production through oxidative injury, resulting in a selective impairment of endothelial-dependent vasodilation that could be prevented by vitamin C, partly through anti-oxidant mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y K On
- Cardiovascular Laboratory, Clinical Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Kouda K, Nakamura H, Fan W, Horiuchi K, Takeuchi H. The relationship of oxidative DNA damage marker 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine and glycoxidative damage marker pentosidine. Clin Biochem 2001; 34:247-50. [PMID: 11408024 DOI: 10.1016/s0009-9120(01)00201-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) is a biomarker of oxidative DNA damage. Pentosidine is a biomarker of glycoxidation reaction. In this study, we investigated relationships among 8-OHdG, pentosidine and age. DESIGN AND METHODS We determined the urinary concentrations of 8-OHdG and pentosidine in adults with mild hypercholesterolemia or/and mild hypertension (hypercholesterolemia group, n = 31; hypertension group, n = 25; hypercholesterolemia and hypertension group, n = 7). RESULTS The strength of the relationship between 8-OHdG and age was the same as that between pentosidine and age (the correlation coefficient between 8-OHdG and age was 0.33, pentosidine and age was 0.37). In addition, there was a positive and significant correlation between 8-OHdG and pentosidine. On the other hand, mean values of 8-OHdG and pentosidine showed no significant difference among the three groups. CONCLUSION The results of the present study indicate that both 8-OHdG and pentosidine levels increase similarly in degenerative pathologic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kouda
- Department of Public Health, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan.
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Negishi H, Ikeda K, Kuga S, Noguchi T, Kanda T, Njelekela M, Liu L, Miki T, Nara Y, Sato T, Mashalla Y, Mtabaji J, Yamori Y. The relation of oxidative DNA damage to hypertension and other cardiovascular risk factors in Tanzania. J Hypertens 2001; 19:529-33. [PMID: 11327625 DOI: 10.1097/00004872-200103001-00002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To clarify the mechanism of involvement of oxidative stress in hypertensives, we investigated the relationship between the marker of oxidative DNA damage, urinary 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), and cardiovascular risk factors, such as hypertension and serum glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), among Tanzanians aged 46-58 years who were not on antihypertensive medication. DESIGN AND METHODS Sixty subjects (males/females, 28/ 32) were selected randomly from the subjects who completed a 24h urine collection in our epidemiological study at Dar es Salaam, Tanzania in 1998. The subjects were divided into two groups, hypertensive subjects (systolic blood pressure (SBP) > or = 140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) > or =90 mmHg) and normotensive subjects (SBP < 140 mmHg and DBP < 90 mmHg) or hyperglycemic subjects (HbA1c > or = 6.0%) and normoglycemic subjects (HbA1c < 6.0%). Biological markers from urine and blood were analyzed centrally in the WHO Collaborating Center. RESULTS The mean levels of HbA1c and 8-OHdG were significantly higher in the hypertensive subjects than in the normotensive subjects (P < 0.05). Urinary 8-OHdG was significantly higher in hyperglycemic subjects than in normoglycemic subjects. HbA1c was positively correlated with the 24-h urinary 8-OHdG excretions (r= 0.698, P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest oxidative DNA damage is increased in hypertensive subjects, and there is a positive correlation between the level of blood glucose estimated as HbA1c and oxidative DNA damage. Hyperglycemia related to insulin resistance in hypertension in Tanzania is associated with increased urinary 8-OHdG.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Negishi
- Department of Natural Environments, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Japan.
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Mizutani K, Ikeda K, Kawai Y, Yamori Y. Protective effect of resveratrol on oxidative damage in male and female stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2001; 28:55-9. [PMID: 11153537 DOI: 10.1046/j.1440-1681.2001.03415.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
1. In the present study, we examined the effect of resveratrol (3,4',5-trihydroxystilbene), a phytoestrogen found in the skins of most grapes, on oxidative DNA damage in male and female stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP). 2. Five-week-old male and female SHRSP were divided into control and resveratrol groups. The resveratrol group was given 1 mg/kg per day, orally, resveratrol by gastric intubation once a day. 3. Following an 8 week feeding period, the levels of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), produced from deoxyguanosine under conditions of oxidative stress, in the urine of male and female resveratrol-treated SHRSP were significantly lower than that in control SHRSP. 4. The urine of resveratrol-treated male and female SHRSP had lower levels of hydroperoxide compared with control SHRSP, but the difference was not significant. 5. Treatment with resveratrol resulted in a 25 and 30% reduction in plasma glycated albumin in male and female SHRSP, respectively, compared with controls. 6. Gender differences for SHRSP with regard to 8-OHdG, hydroperoxide and glycated albumin levels were not confirmed, resveratrol having similar protective effects on male and female SHRSP. 7. These results indicate that dietary resveratrol: (i) plays a role in suppressing oxidative DNA damage and glycoxidative stress in vivo; and (ii) has similar protective effects in both male and female SHRSP, suggesting that the direct effects of this phytoestrogen on oxidative stress in vivo are not sexually dimorphic.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Mizutani
- Life Science, Environmental Conservation and Development, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Japan.
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Mizutani K, Ikeda K, Nishikata T, Yamori Y. Phytoestrogens attenuate oxidative DNA damage in vascular smooth muscle cells from stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats. J Hypertens 2000; 18:1833-40. [PMID: 11132608 DOI: 10.1097/00004872-200018120-00018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES A recent study demonstrated that reactive oxygen species (ROS) were involved in the maintenance of hypertension in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP). However, the role of oxidative stress in hypertension and its related diseases in SHRSP remains unknown. To determine whether phytoestrogens attenuate oxidative DNA damage in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) from SHRSP and Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats, we investigated the effect of daidzein, genistein and resveratrol on oxidative DNA damage in VSMC, induced by advanced glycation end-products (AGEs). METHODS VSMC were treated with AGEs in the presence or absence of phytoestrogens for the indicated time. Cellular degeneration induced by AGEs was characterized in terms of intracellular oxidant levels, intracellular total glutathione (GSH) levels, mRNA expression for gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase (GCS), and a new marker of oxidative stress, 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) contents. RESULTS AGEs stimulated 8-OHdG formation in VSMC in a time- and dose-dependent manner. We also confirmed that VSMC from SHRSP were more vulnerable to oxidative stress induced by AGEs, than VSMC from WKY rats. Daidzein, genistein or resveratrol reduced AGEs-induced 8-OHdG formation in a dose-dependent manner. The preventive effects of phytoestrogens on 8-OHdG formation remarkably paralleled changes in the intracellular oxidant levels in VSMC following AGEs treatment. We further demonstrated that phytoestrogens increase intracellular total GSH level in VSMC. Increased GSH synthesis was due to enhanced expression of the rate-limiting enzyme for GSH synthesis, GCS. Phytoestrogens-stimulated total GSH level in VSMC could lead to decreased intracellular oxidant levels, and thus prevent oxidative DNA damage, induced by AGEs. The phytoestrogens are powerful antioxidants able to interfere with AGEs-mediated oxidative DNA damage of VSMC, and are potentially useful against vascular diseases where ROS are involved in hypertension.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Base Sequence
- Cells, Cultured
- DNA Damage
- DNA Primers/genetics
- Estrogens, Non-Steroidal/pharmacology
- Genistein/pharmacology
- Glutathione/metabolism
- Glutathione Peroxidase/genetics
- Glutathione Peroxidase/metabolism
- Glycation End Products, Advanced/toxicity
- Hypertension/etiology
- Hypertension/metabolism
- Isoflavones/pharmacology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Oxidation-Reduction
- Oxidative Stress
- Phytoestrogens
- Plant Preparations
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Rats
- Rats, Inbred SHR
- Rats, Inbred WKY
- Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism
- Resveratrol
- Stilbenes/pharmacology
- Stroke/etiology
- Stroke/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- K Mizutani
- Life Science, Environmental Conservation and Development, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Japan.
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Mizutani K, Ikeda K, Ito T, Tamaki K, Nara Y, Yamori Y. Protective effect of inducible type nitric oxide synthase against intracellular oxidative stress caused by advanced glycation end-products in vascular smooth muscle cells from stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats. J Hypertens 2000; 18:1071-9. [PMID: 10953999 DOI: 10.1097/00004872-200018080-00012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A recent study demonstrated that free radicals were involved in the maintenance of hypertension in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP). However, the role of oxidative stress in hypertension and its related diseases in SHRSP remains unknown. On the other hand, advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) accumulate progressively in the vasculature with ageing, and have been identified to be as relevant mediators for various vascular complications. To elucidate whether nitric oxide (NO) produced by inducible type NO synthase (iNOS) in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) taken from SHRSP and Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) attenuate AGEs-induced oxidative stress, we investigated the effect of NO donors and iNOS-induction in VSMC on intracellular oxidant level caused by AGEs. METHODS The cells preincubated with or without NO donor, S-nitroso-n-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP) or 3-morpholinosydnonimine (SIN-1), IL-1beta and/or N(G)-monomethyl-L-arginine monoacetate (L-NMMA), were treated with AGEs, and the intracellular oxidant levels, total glutathione (GSH) levels, and gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase (GCS) mRNA were determined. We also determined the expression of an iNOS in VSMC from SHRSP and WKY. RESULTS The intracellular oxidant level of VSMC was induced by AGEs in a dose-dependent manner. NO donor dose-dependently reduced AGEs-stimulated intracellular oxidant level. Treatment with IL-1beta reduced the AGEs-stimulated intracellular oxidant level through increased NO production, whilst inhibition of NO production by L-NMMA reduced the inhibitory effect of IL-1beta. We also confirmed that NO production as well as the expression of iNOS mRNA and the protein itself were significantly decreased in response to IL-1beta in VSMC from SHRSP compared with WKY. We also confirmed that total GSH levels, decreased by AGEs, were restored by stimulation with IL-1beta. Increased GSH synthesis was due to enhanced expression of the rate-limiting enzyme for GSH synthesis, GCS. These results indicate that NO release, produced by iNOS in VSMC in response to cytokines, might play a protective role against AGEs-stimulated oxidative stress in VSMC. This protective effect of NO is decreased in SHRSP compared to WKY.
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MESH Headings
- Albumins/chemistry
- Animals
- Cells, Cultured
- Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Glutathione/metabolism
- Glycation End Products, Advanced/toxicity
- Hypertension/genetics
- Hypertension/metabolism
- Hypertension/physiopathology
- Male
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/cytology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Nitric Oxide Donors/pharmacology
- Nitric Oxide Synthase/antagonists & inhibitors
- Nitric Oxide Synthase/physiology
- Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II
- Nitrites/metabolism
- Oxidants/metabolism
- Oxidative Stress/physiology
- RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis
- Rats
- Rats, Inbred SHR
- Rats, Inbred WKY
- Stroke/genetics
- Stroke/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- K Mizutani
- Life Science, Environmental Conservation and Development, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Japan.
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Abstract
Metabolism of oxygen by cells generates potentially deleterious reactive oxygen species, including superoxide anion radical, hydrogen peroxide, and hydroxyl radical. Under normal physiologic conditions the rate and magnitude of oxidant formation is balanced by the rate of oxidant elimination. However, an imbalance between prooxidants and antioxidants results in oxidative stress, which is the pathogenic outcome of the overproduction of oxidants that overwhelms the cellular antioxidant capacity. There is increasing evidence that an elevation of oxidative stress and associated oxidative damages are mediators of vascular injury in various cardiovascular pathologies, including hypertension, atherosclerosis, and ischemia-reperfusion. This review focuses on the vascular effects of reactive oxygen species and the role of oxidative stress in vascular damage in hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Touyz
- MRC Multidisciplinary Research Group on Hypertension, Clinical Research Institute of Montreal, 110 Pine Avenue West, Montreal, Quebec H2W 1R7, Canada.
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