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Lim HS, Park G, Kim YU. Anti-Oxidative Bioactivities of Medicinal Herbs in the Treatment of Aging-Related Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:631. [PMID: 38929070 PMCID: PMC11200431 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13060631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Over the last 20 years, significant progress has been made in understanding the biology of aging and lifespans [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Sun Lim
- Herbal Medicine Resources Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 58245, Republic of Korea;
| | - Gunhyuk Park
- Herbal Medicine Resources Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 58245, Republic of Korea;
- Korean Convergence Medicine Major, Campus of Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, University of Science & Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Ung Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Herbal Bio-Industry, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 38610, Republic of Korea
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2
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Huang H, Peng Z, Zhan S, Li W, Liu D, Huang S, Zhu Y, Wang W. A comprehensive review of Siraitia grosvenorii (Swingle) C. Jeffrey: chemical composition, pharmacology, toxicology, status of resources development, and applications. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1388747. [PMID: 38638866 PMCID: PMC11024725 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1388747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Siraitia grosvenorii (Swingle) C. Jeffrey (S. grosvenorii), a perennial indigenous liana from the Cucurbitaceae family, has historically played a significant role in southern China's traditional remedies for various ailments. Its dual classification by the Chinese Ministry of Health for both medicinal and food utility underscores its has the potential of versatile applications. Recent research has shed light on the chemical composition, pharmacological effects, and toxicity of S. grosvenorii. Its active ingredients include triterpenoids, flavonoids, amino acids, volatile oils, polysaccharides, minerals, vitamins, and other microconstituents. Apart from being a natural sweetener, S. grosvenorii has been found to have numerous pharmacological effects, including alleviating cough and phlegm, preventing dental caries, exerting anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic effects, anti-aging and anti-oxidative, hypoglycemic, lipid-lowering, anti-depression, anti-fatigue, anti-schizophrenic, anti-Parkinson, anti-fibrotic, and anti-tumor activities. Despite its versatile potential, there is still a lack of systematic research on S. grosvenorii to date. This paper aims to address this gap by providing an overview of the main active components, pharmacological efficacy, toxicity, current status of development and application, development dilemmas, and strategies for intensive exploitation and utilization of S. grosvenorii. This paper aims to serve as a guide for researchers and practitioners committed to exploiting the biological resources of S. grosvenorii and further exploring its interdisciplinary potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaxue Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Research and Development Institute of Hunan Huacheng Biotech, Inc., Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Natural Sweetener Engineering Technology Research Center, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhi Peng
- Research and Development Institute of Hunan Huacheng Biotech, Inc., Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Natural Sweetener Engineering Technology Research Center, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shuang Zhan
- Research and Development Institute of Hunan Huacheng Biotech, Inc., Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Natural Sweetener Engineering Technology Research Center, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Li
- Research and Development Institute of Hunan Huacheng Biotech, Inc., Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Natural Sweetener Engineering Technology Research Center, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Dai Liu
- Research and Development Institute of Hunan Huacheng Biotech, Inc., Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Natural Sweetener Engineering Technology Research Center, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Sirui Huang
- Research and Development Institute of Hunan Huacheng Biotech, Inc., Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Natural Sweetener Engineering Technology Research Center, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yizhun Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
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3
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Apparoo Y, Wei Phan C, Rani Kuppusamy U, Chan EWC. Potential role of ergothioneine rich mushroom as anti-aging candidate through elimination of neuronal senescent cells. Brain Res 2024; 1824:148693. [PMID: 38036238 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress can upset the antioxidant balance and cause accelerated aging including neurodegenerative diseases and decline in physiological function. Therefore, an antioxidant-rich diet plays a crucial role in healthy aging. This study aimed to identify and quantify mushrooms with the highest ergothioneine content through HPLC analysis and evaluate their anti-aging potential as a natural antioxidant and antisenescence in HT22 cells. Among the 14 evaluated mushroom species, Lentinula edodes (LE), shiitake mushroom contains the highest ergothioneine content and hence was used for the in-vitro studies. The cells were preincubated with ethanolic extract of ergothioneine-rich mushroom and the equimolar concentration of EGT on t-BHP-induced senescence HT22 cells. The extract was analyzed for its free radical scavenging properties using DPPH and ABTS methods. Then, the neuroprotective effect was conducted by measuring the cell viability using MTT. Senescence-associated markers and ROS staining were also analyzed. Our results revealed that a low dose of t-BHP reduces cell viability and induces senescence in HT22 cells as determined through β-galactosidase staining and expressions of P16INK4a, P21CIPL which are the markers of cellular senescence. However, the pretreatment with ethanolic extract of LE for 8 h significantly improved the cell viability, reversed the t-BHP-induced cellular senescence in the neuronal cells, and reduced the reactive oxygen species visualized through DCFH-DA staining. These results suggest that ergothioneine-rich mushroom is a potential candidate for anti-aging exploration through the elimination of senescent cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasaaswini Apparoo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Life Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Malaya 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Chia Wei Phan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Life Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Malaya 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Mushroom Research Centre, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Umah Rani Kuppusamy
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Eric Wei Chiang Chan
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Wu D, Shen Y, Qu C, Huang P, Geng X, Zhang J, Rao Z, Wei Q, Liu S, Zhao J. Association between dietary and behavioral-based oxidative balance score and phenotypic age acceleration: a cross-sectional study of Americans. Epidemiol Health 2024; 46:e2024023. [PMID: 38271958 PMCID: PMC11176717 DOI: 10.4178/epih.e2024023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In light of the rise in the global aging population, this study investigated the potential of the oxidative balance score (OBS) as an indicator of phenotypic age acceleration (PhenoAgeAccel) to better understand and potentially slow down aging. METHODS Utilizing data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey collected between 2001 and 2010, including 13,142 United States adults (48.7% female and 51.2% male) aged 20 and above, OBS and PhenoAgeAccel were calculated. Weighted generalized linear regression models were employed to explore the associations between OBS and PhenoAgeAccel, including a sex-specific analysis. RESULTS The OBS demonstrated significant variability across various demographic and health-related factors. There was a clear negative correlation observed between the higher OBS quartiles and PhenoAgeAccel, which presented sex-specific. RESULTS the negative association between OBS and PhenoAgeAccel was more pronounced in male than in female. An analysis using restricted cubic splines revealed no significant non-linear relationships. Interaction effects were noted solely in the context of sex and hyperlipidemia. CONCLUSIONS A higher OBS was significantly associated with a slower aging process, as measured by lower PhenoAgeAccel. These findings underscore the importance of OBS as a biomarker in the study of aging and point to sex and hyperlipidemia as variables that may affect this association. Additional research is required to confirm these results and to investigate the biological underpinnings of this relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongzhe Wu
- Exercise Biological Center, China Institute of Sport Science, Beijing, China
| | - Yulin Shen
- Exercise Biological Center, China Institute of Sport Science, Beijing, China
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Chaoyi Qu
- Exercise Biological Center, China Institute of Sport Science, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Huang
- Exercise Biological Center, China Institute of Sport Science, Beijing, China
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Xue Geng
- Exercise Biological Center, China Institute of Sport Science, Beijing, China
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Zhijian Rao
- Exercise Biological Center, China Institute of Sport Science, Beijing, China
- College of Physical Education, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiangman Wei
- Exercise Biological Center, China Institute of Sport Science, Beijing, China
| | - Shijie Liu
- Exercise Biological Center, China Institute of Sport Science, Beijing, China
| | - Jiexiu Zhao
- Exercise Biological Center, China Institute of Sport Science, Beijing, China
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Zhao N, Chung TD, Guo Z, Jamieson JJ, Liang L, Linville RM, Pessell AF, Wang L, Searson PC. The influence of physiological and pathological perturbations on blood-brain barrier function. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1289894. [PMID: 37937070 PMCID: PMC10626523 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1289894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is located at the interface between the vascular system and the brain parenchyma, and is responsible for communication with systemic circulation and peripheral tissues. During life, the BBB can be subjected to a wide range of perturbations or stresses that may be endogenous or exogenous, pathological or therapeutic, or intended or unintended. The risk factors for many diseases of the brain are multifactorial and involve perturbations that may occur simultaneously (e.g., two-hit model for Alzheimer's disease) and result in different outcomes. Therefore, it is important to understand the influence of individual perturbations on BBB function in isolation. Here we review the effects of eight perturbations: mechanical forces, temperature, electromagnetic radiation, hypoxia, endogenous factors, exogenous factors, chemical factors, and pathogens. While some perturbations may result in acute or chronic BBB disruption, many are also exploited for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes. The resultant outcome on BBB function depends on the dose (or magnitude) and duration of the perturbation. Homeostasis may be restored by self-repair, for example, via processes such as proliferation of affected cells or angiogenesis to create new vasculature. Transient or sustained BBB dysfunction may result in acute or pathological symptoms, for example, microhemorrhages or hypoperfusion. In more extreme cases, perturbations may lead to cytotoxicity and cell death, for example, through exposure to cytotoxic plaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhao
- Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Tracy D. Chung
- Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Zhaobin Guo
- Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - John J. Jamieson
- Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Lily Liang
- Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Raleigh M. Linville
- Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Alex F. Pessell
- Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Linus Wang
- Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Peter C. Searson
- Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
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6
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Zhang B, Liu P, Sheng H, Guo Y, Han Y, Suo L, Yuan Q. New Insight into the Potential Protective Function of Sulforaphene against ROS-Mediated Oxidative Stress Damage In Vitro and In Vivo. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13129. [PMID: 37685936 PMCID: PMC10487408 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Sulforaphene (SFE) is a kind of isothiocyanate isolated from radish seeds that can prevent free-radical-induced diseases. In this study, we investigated the protective effect of SFE on oxidative-stress-induced damage and its molecular mechanism in vitro and in vivo. The results of cell experiments show that SFE can alleviate D-gal-induced cytotoxicity, promote cell cycle transformation by inhibiting the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cell apoptosis, and show a protective effect on cells with H2O2-induced oxidative damage. Furthermore, the results of mice experiments show that SFE can alleviate D-galactose-induced kidney damage by inhibiting ROS, malondialdehyde (MDA), and 4-hydroxyalkenals (4-HNE) production; protect the kidney against oxidative stress-induced damage by increasing antioxidant enzyme activity and upregulating the Nrf2 signaling pathway; and inhibit the activity of pro-inflammatory factors by downregulating the expression of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-mediated inflammatory response. In conclusion, this research shows that SFE has antioxidant effects, providing a new perspective for studying the anti-aging properties of natural compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Qipeng Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; (B.Z.); (P.L.); (H.S.); (Y.G.); (Y.H.); (L.S.)
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Jacobs PJ, Hart DW, Merchant HN, Voigt C, Bennett NC. The Evolution and Ecology of Oxidative and Antioxidant Status: A Comparative Approach in African Mole-Rats. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1486. [PMID: 37627481 PMCID: PMC10451868 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12081486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The naked mole-rat of the family Bathyergidae has been the showpiece for ageing research as they contradict the traditional understanding of the oxidative stress theory of ageing. Some other bathyergids also possess increased lifespans, but there has been a remarkable lack of comparison between species within the family Bathyergidae. This study set out to investigate how plasma oxidative markers (total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and the oxidative stress index (OSI)) differ between five species and three subspecies of bathyergids, differing in their maximum lifespan potential (MLSP), resting metabolic rate, aridity index (AI), and sociality. We also investigated how oxidative markers may differ between captive and wild-caught mole-rats. Our results reveal that increased TOS, TAC, and OSI are associated with increased MLSP. This pattern is more prevalent in the social-living species than the solitary-living species. We also found that oxidative variables decreased with an increasing AI and that wild-caught individuals typically have higher antioxidants. We speculate that the correlation between higher oxidative markers and MLSP is due to the hypoxia-tolerance of the mole-rats investigated. Hormesis (the biphasic response to oxidative stress promoting protection) is a likely mechanism behind the increased oxidative markers observed and promotes longevity in some members of the Bathyergidae family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul. J. Jacobs
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa;
| | - Daniel W. Hart
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa;
| | - Hana N. Merchant
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham Hill, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX, UK;
| | - Cornelia Voigt
- Mammal Research Institute, Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa; (C.V.); (N.C.B.)
| | - Nigel C. Bennett
- Mammal Research Institute, Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa; (C.V.); (N.C.B.)
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Zheng YY, Hu ZN, Liu Z, Jiang YC, Guo RP, Ding SJ, Zhou GH. The Effect of Long-Term Passage on Porcine SMCs' Function and the Improvement of TGF-β1 on Porcine SMCs' Secretory Function in Late Passage. Foods 2023; 12:2682. [PMID: 37509774 PMCID: PMC10378609 DOI: 10.3390/foods12142682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cultured meat is one of the meat substitutes produced through tissue engineering and other technologies. Large-scale cell culture is the key for cultured meat products to enter the market. Therefore, this study is aimed to explore the effect of long-term passage in vitro on smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and the effect of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) on SMCs in the late passage. Multiple passages lead to the decline of the proliferation rate of SMCs in the proliferation stage and the differentiation ability in the differentiation stage. Transcriptome results showed that the ECM pathway and aging-related signaling pathways were significantly up-regulated in the late passage period. TGF-β1 did not promote SMCs of late passage proliferation at the proliferation stage but promoted the gene and protein expression of collagen as the main protein of the extracellular matrix proteins at the differentiation stage. In addition, proteomic analysis revealed that TGF-β1 promoted the expression of cell adhesion molecules which activate the Hippo signaling pathway and the HIF-1 signaling pathway and further promoted the production of collagen-containing extracellular matrix proteins. This could provide ideas for large-scale production of cultured meat products using SMCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Yan Zheng
- National Center of Meat Quality and Safety Nanjing, Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, Key Laboratory of Meat Processing, Nanjing 210095, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ze-Nan Hu
- National Center of Meat Quality and Safety Nanjing, Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, Key Laboratory of Meat Processing, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zheng Liu
- National Center of Meat Quality and Safety Nanjing, Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, Key Laboratory of Meat Processing, Nanjing 210095, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yi-Chen Jiang
- National Center of Meat Quality and Safety Nanjing, Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, Key Laboratory of Meat Processing, Nanjing 210095, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ren-Peng Guo
- National Center of Meat Quality and Safety Nanjing, Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, Key Laboratory of Meat Processing, Nanjing 210095, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Shi-Jie Ding
- National Center of Meat Quality and Safety Nanjing, Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, Key Laboratory of Meat Processing, Nanjing 210095, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Guang-Hong Zhou
- National Center of Meat Quality and Safety Nanjing, Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, Key Laboratory of Meat Processing, Nanjing 210095, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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Solouki A, Zare Mehrjerdi M, Azimi R, Aliniaeifard S. Improving basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) essential oil yield following down-regulation of photosynthetic functionality by short-term application of abiotic elicitors. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2023.102675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2023]
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10
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Keshavarz M, Xie K, Bano D, Ehninger D. Aging - what it is and how to measure it. Mech Ageing Dev 2023:111837. [PMID: 37302556 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2023.111837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The current understanding of the biology of aging is largely based on research aimed at identifying factors that influence lifespan. However, lifespan as a sole proxy measure of aging has limitations because it can be influenced by specific pathologies (not generalized physiological deterioration in old age). Hence, there is a great need to discuss and design experimental approaches that are well-suited for studies targeting the biology of aging, rather than the biology of specific pathologies that restrict the lifespan of a given species. For this purpose, we here review various perspectives on aging, discuss agreement and disagreement among researchers on the definition of aging, and show that while slightly different aspects are emphasized, a widely accepted feature, shared across many definitions, is that aging is accompanied by phenotypic changes that occur in a population over the course of an average lifespan. We then discuss experimental approaches that are in line with these considerations, including multidimensional analytical frameworks as well as designs that facilitate the proper assessment of intervention effects on aging rate. The proposed framework can guide discovery approaches to aging mechanisms in all key model organisms (e.g., mouse, fish models, D. melanogaster, C. elegans) as well as in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Keshavarz
- Translational Biogerontology Lab, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Kan Xie
- Translational Biogerontology Lab, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Daniele Bano
- Aging and Neurodegeneration Lab, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Dan Ehninger
- Translational Biogerontology Lab, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany.
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Rosen RS, Yarmush ML. Current Trends in Anti-Aging Strategies. Annu Rev Biomed Eng 2023; 25:363-385. [PMID: 37289554 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-bioeng-120122-123054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The process of aging manifests from a highly interconnected network of biological cascades resulting in the degradation and breakdown of every living organism over time. This natural development increases risk for numerous diseases and can be debilitating. Academic and industrial investigators have long sought to impede, or potentially reverse, aging in the hopes of alleviating clinical burden, restoring functionality, and promoting longevity. Despite widespread investigation, identifying impactful therapeutics has been hindered by narrow experimental validation and the lack of rigorous study design. In this review, we explore the current understanding of the biological mechanisms of aging and how this understanding both informs and limits interpreting data from experimental models based on these mechanisms. We also discuss select therapeutic strategies that have yielded promising data in these model systems with potential clinical translation. Lastly, we propose a unifying approach needed to rigorously vet current and future therapeutics and guide evaluation toward efficacious therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert S Rosen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA;
| | - Martin L Yarmush
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA;
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12
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Yoon JH, Park SH, Yoon SE, Hong SY, Lee JB, Lee J, Cho JY. Hydrangea serrata Hot Water Extract and Its Major Ingredient Hydrangenol Improve Skin Moisturization and Wrinkle Conditions via AP-1 and Akt/PI3K Pathway Upregulation. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15112436. [PMID: 37299400 DOI: 10.3390/nu15112436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrangea serrata is a plant grown in Korea and Japan with a particular natural compound, hydrangenol. H. serrata has been researched for its anti-fungal properties, and ability to attenuate allergies and promote muscle growth. Its ability to reduce skin dryness is poorly understood. For that reason, we investigated whether H. serrata hot water extracts (Hs-WE) can moisturize keratinocytes. In clinical studies (Approval Code: GIRB-21929-NY and approval Date: 5 October 2021), skin wrinkles and skin moisturizing levels were improved in subjects applying 0.5% Hs-WE compared to the placebo group. We confirmed the components of Hs-WE from the LC/MS-MS analysis. Hs-WE and hydrangenol did not show cytotoxicity in HaCaT cells at all concentrations. Cell growth was also promoted by Hs-WE (5-20 µg/mL) and hydrangenol (15-60 µM) in a wound healing assay. Skin moisturizing factors were upregulated by the presence of Hs-WE or hydrangenol, and the hyaluronidases (HYAL) were inhibited at the mRNA level. Meanwhile, COL1A1 was increased by the presence of Hs-WE or hydrangenol. MAPK, AP-1, and Akt/PI3k signaling proteins, which are associated with cell proliferation and moisturizing factors, were increased by the administration of Hs-WE and hydrangenol. Has-1, 2, and 3 levels were enhanced via JNK when using the inhibitors of MAPK proteins and Hs-WE and hydrangenol, respectively. Taken together, Hs-WE could be used as cosmeceutical materials for improving skin conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hye Yoon
- Department of Biocosmetics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hee Park
- Department of Biocosmetics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Si Eun Yoon
- Department of Biocosmetics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Yoon Hong
- Innovation Lab., Cosmax R&I Center, Seongnam 13486, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Bae Lee
- Innovation Lab., Cosmax R&I Center, Seongnam 13486, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongsung Lee
- Department of Biocosmetics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Youl Cho
- Department of Biocosmetics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
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13
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Chen Y, Yao L, Zhao S, Xu M, Ren S, Xie L, Liu L, Wang Y. The oxidative aging model integrated various risk factors in type 2 diabetes mellitus at system level. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1196293. [PMID: 37293508 PMCID: PMC10244788 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1196293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic endocrine metabolic disease caused by insulin dysregulation. Studies have shown that aging-related oxidative stress (as "oxidative aging") play a critical role in the onset and progression of T2DM, by leading to an energy metabolism imbalance. However, the precise mechanisms through which oxidative aging lead to T2DM are yet to be fully comprehended. Thus, it is urgent to integrate the underlying mechanisms between oxidative aging and T2DM, where meaningful prediction models based on relative profiles are needed. Methods First, machine learning was used to build the aging model and disease model. Next, an integrated oxidative aging model was employed to identify crucial oxidative aging risk factors. Finally, a series of bioinformatic analyses (including network, enrichment, sensitivity, and pan-cancer analyses) were used to explore potential mechanisms underlying oxidative aging and T2DM. Results The study revealed a close relationship between oxidative aging and T2DM. Our results indicate that nutritional metabolism, inflammation response, mitochondrial function, and protein homeostasis are key factors involved in the interplay between oxidative aging and T2DM, even indicating key indices across different cancer types. Therefore, various risk factors in T2DM were integrated, and the theories of oxi-inflamm-aging and cellular senescence were also confirmed. Conclusion In sum, our study successfully integrated the underlying mechanisms linking oxidative aging and T2DM through a series of computational methodologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Intelligent Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Lilin Yao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Intelligent Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Shuheng Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Intelligent Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Mengchu Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Intelligent Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Siwei Ren
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Intelligent Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Lu Xie
- Shanghai-MOST Key Laboratory of Health and Disease Genomics & Institute for Genome and Bioinformatics, Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Intelligent Medicine Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yin Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Intelligent Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Key Laboratory of GI Cancer Etiology and Prevention in Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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14
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Kumar P, Singh A, Kumar A, Kumar R, Pal R, Sachan AK, Dixit RK, Nath R. Effect of Curcumin and Coenzyme Q10 Alone and in Combination on Learning and Memory in an Animal Model of Alzheimer's Disease. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11051422. [PMID: 37239093 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11051422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The most frequent neurodegenerative illness among senior people and the main cause of dementia is Alzheimer's disease. The present dementia medications available only help with the symptoms of cognitive deficits and have several negative effects. The current study's goal is to assess the effects of curcumin and coenzyme Q10, two herbal medicines, both separately and in combination, on learning and memory before comparing them to the industry standard drug. A total of 42 adult healthy Wistar rats were used in our study. In this experiment, rats were given daily doses of 2.5 mg/kg of body weight of scopolamine hydrobromide for 7 days to induce Alzheimer's disease. On the eighth day, behavioural testing was conducted. Following testing, scopolamine and the test medications were given daily for the following 21 days. On days 29 and 30, behavioural testing was conducted once more, and then animals were slaughtered. Brain homogenate was produced for the estimation of molecular and biochemical markers. Curcumin has demonstrated a dose-response relationship, with a higher dose (200 mg/kg b.w. p.o.) being more effective than a lower dose (100 mg/kg b.w. p.o.). Similar to the greater dose of curcumin, coenzyme Q10 (200 mg/kg b.w. p.o.) has also been found to improve memory and learning. Higher doses of curcumin and coenzyme Q10 had more pronounced and meaningful effects. Acetylcholinesterase and TNF levels increased in scopolamine-induced memory impairment, but these effects were restored by the test medications, and improved by the combined therapy. These outcomes are comparable to those of the common medication memantine. As a result, we may infer from our results that curcumin at higher doses and its combination with coenzyme Q10 (200 mg/kg b.w. p.o.) have a significant impact on cognitive impairment in animal models of Alzheimer's disease and can be utilised alone or as an add-on therapy for the condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pramod Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology &Therapeutics King George's Medical University, Lucknow 226003, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Aarti Singh
- Department of Pharmacology &Therapeutics King George's Medical University, Lucknow 226003, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anurag Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology &Therapeutics King George's Medical University, Lucknow 226003, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rahul Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology &Therapeutics King George's Medical University, Lucknow 226003, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rishi Pal
- Department of Pharmacology &Therapeutics King George's Medical University, Lucknow 226003, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Amod Kumar Sachan
- Department of Pharmacology &Therapeutics King George's Medical University, Lucknow 226003, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar Dixit
- Department of Pharmacology &Therapeutics King George's Medical University, Lucknow 226003, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rajendra Nath
- Department of Pharmacology, King George Medical University, Lucknow 226003, Uttar Pradesh, India
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15
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Galvez-Martin P, Soto-Fernandez C, Romero-Rueda J, Cabañas J, Torrent A, Castells G, Martinez-Puig D. A Novel Hyaluronic Acid Matrix Ingredient with Regenerative, Anti-Aging and Antioxidant Capacity. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054774. [PMID: 36902203 PMCID: PMC10002543 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid (HA) and proteoglycans (such as dermatan sulphate (DS) and chondroitin sulphate (CS)) are the main components of the extracellular matrix of the skin, along with collagen and elastin. These components decrease with age, which implies a loss of skin moisture causing wrinkles, sagging and aging. Currently, the external and internal administration of effective ingredients that can reach the epidermis and dermis is the main alternative for combating skin aging. The objective of this work was to extract, characterise and evaluate the potential of an HA matrix ingredient to support anti-aging. The HA matrix was isolated and purified from rooster comb and characterised physicochemically and molecularly. In addition, its regenerative, anti-aging and antioxidant potential and intestinal absorption were evaluated. The results show that the HA matrix is composed of 67% HA, with an average molecular weight of 1.3 MDa; 12% sulphated glycosaminoglycans, including DS and CS; 17% protein, including collagen (10.4%); and water. The in vitro evaluation of the HA matrix's biological activity showed regenerative properties in both fibroblasts and keratinocytes, as well as moisturising, anti-aging and antioxidant effects. Furthermore, the results suggest that the HA matrix could be absorbed in the intestine, implying a potential oral as well as topical use for skin care, either as an ingredient in a nutraceutical or a cosmetic product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Galvez-Martin
- R&D Animal and Human Health, Bioibérica S.A.U., E-08029 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-934-904-908
| | | | - Jessica Romero-Rueda
- Health & Biomedicine Department, Leitat Technological Centre, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jesus Cabañas
- R&D Animal and Human Health, Bioibérica S.A.U., E-08029 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Torrent
- R&D Animal and Human Health, Bioibérica S.A.U., E-08029 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gloria Castells
- Pharmacy Analysis Service, Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
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Sharma V, Mehdi MM. Oxidative stress, inflammation and hormesis: The role of dietary and lifestyle modifications on aging. Neurochem Int 2023; 164:105490. [PMID: 36702401 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2023.105490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) is primarily caused by the formation of free radicals and reactive oxygen species; it is considered as one of the prominent factors in slowing down and degrading cellular machinery of an individual, and it eventually leads to aging and age-related diseases by its continuous higher state. The relation between molecular damage and OS should be particularized to understand the beginning of destruction at the cellular levels, extending outwards to affect tissues, organs, and ultimately to the organism. Several OS biomarkers, which are established at the biomolecular level, are useful in investigating the disease susceptibility during aging. Slowing down the aging process is a matter of reducing the rate of oxidative damage to the cellular machinery over time. The breakdown of homeostasis, the mild overcompensation, the reestablishment of homeostasis, and the adaptive nature of the process are the essential features of hormesis, which incorporates several factors, including calorie restriction, nutrition and lifestyle modifications that play an important role in reducing the OS. In the current review, along with the concept and theories of aging (with emphasis on free radical theory), various manifestations of OS with special attention on mitochondrial dysfunction and age-related diseases have been discussed. To alleviate the OS, hormetic approaches including caloric restriction, exercise, and nutrition have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinita Sharma
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, 144401, India
| | - Mohammad Murtaza Mehdi
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, 144401, India.
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17
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3D Printed Hollow Microneedles for Treating Skin Wrinkles Using Different Anti-Wrinkle Agents: A Possible Futuristic Approach. COSMETICS 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/cosmetics10020041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Skin wrinkles are an inevitable phenomenon that is brought about by aging due to the degradation of scleroprotein fibers and significant collagen reduction, which is the fundamental basis of anti-wrinkle technology in use today. Conventional treatments such as lasering and Botulinum toxin have some drawbacks including allergic skin reactions, cumbersome treatment procedures, and inefficient penetration of the anti-wrinkle products into the skin due to the high resistance of stratum corneum. Bearing this in mind, the cosmetic industry has exploited the patient-compliant technology of microneedles (MNs) to treat skin wrinkles, developing several products based on solid and dissolvable MNs incorporated with antiwrinkle formulations. However, drug administration via these MNs is limited by the high molecular weight of the drugs. Hollow MNs (HMNs) can deliver a wider array of active agents, but that is a relatively unexplored area in the context of antiwrinkle technology. To address this gap, we discuss the possibility of bioinspired 3D printed HMNs in treating skin wrinkles in this paper. We compare the previous and current anti-wrinkling treatment options, as well as the techniques and challenges involved with its manufacture and commercialization.
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18
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Li Y, Zhu X, Wang K, Zhu L, Murray M, Zhou F. Ginkgo biloba extracts (GBE) protect human RPE cells from t-BHP-induced oxidative stress and necrosis by activating the Nrf2-mediated antioxidant defence. J Pharm Pharmacol 2023; 75:105-116. [PMID: 36190376 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgac069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a prevalent ocular disease. Dry AMD accounts for most cases of blindness associated with AMD but there are no treatments. Oxidative stress-induced damage to retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells is a major contributor to the pathogenesis of dry AMD. This study investigated the protective actions of Ginkgo biloba extracts (GBE) in human RPE cells subjected to tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP)-mediated oxidative stress. METHODS The human ARPE-19 cells were pre-treated with or without GBE before the exposure to t-BHP. Cell viability, cell death profile and lipid peroxidation were assessed. The findings were verified using human primary RPE cultures. KEY FINDINGS GBE pre-treatment prevented the increase in lipid peroxidation and necrosis/ferroptosis, and the concurrent viability decrease in RPE cells exposed to t-BHP. It enabled the pronounced activation of Nrf2 and its downstream genes. We found that ERK1/2 phosphorylation was increased to a similar extent by t-BHP and GBE. CONCLUSION This study revealed that GBE pre-treatment attenuates pro-oxidant stress and protects human RPE cells from oxidative injury by modulating ERK1/2-Nrf2 axis. These findings suggest that GBE has the potential to be developed as a agent that may be valuable in decreasing AMD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Li
- Sydney Pharmacy School, Faculty of Medicine and Health NSW, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Xue Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ke Wang
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ling Zhu
- Save Sight Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Michael Murray
- Sydney Pharmacy School, Faculty of Medicine and Health NSW, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Fanfan Zhou
- Sydney Pharmacy School, Faculty of Medicine and Health NSW, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Mhalhel K, Sicari M, Pansera L, Chen J, Levanti M, Diotel N, Rastegar S, Germanà A, Montalbano G. Zebrafish: A Model Deciphering the Impact of Flavonoids on Neurodegenerative Disorders. Cells 2023; 12:cells12020252. [PMID: 36672187 PMCID: PMC9856690 DOI: 10.3390/cells12020252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past century, advances in biotechnology, biochemistry, and pharmacognosy have spotlighted flavonoids, polyphenolic secondary metabolites that have the ability to modulate many pathways involved in various biological mechanisms, including those involved in neuronal plasticity, learning, and memory. Moreover, flavonoids are known to impact the biological processes involved in developing neurodegenerative diseases, namely oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Thus, several flavonoids could be used as adjuvants to prevent and counteract neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. Zebrafish is an interesting model organism that can offer new opportunities to study the beneficial effects of flavonoids on neurodegenerative diseases. Indeed, the high genome homology of 70% to humans, the brain organization largely similar to the human brain as well as the similar neuroanatomical and neurochemical processes, and the high neurogenic activity maintained in the adult brain makes zebrafish a valuable model for the study of human neurodegenerative diseases and deciphering the impact of flavonoids on those disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamel Mhalhel
- Zebrafish Neuromorphology Lab., Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Via Giovanni Palatucci snc, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Mirea Sicari
- Zebrafish Neuromorphology Lab., Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Via Giovanni Palatucci snc, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Lidia Pansera
- Zebrafish Neuromorphology Lab., Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Via Giovanni Palatucci snc, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Jincan Chen
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems-Biological Information Processing (IBCS-BIP), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Campus North, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Maria Levanti
- Zebrafish Neuromorphology Lab., Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Via Giovanni Palatucci snc, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Nicolas Diotel
- Université de la Réunion, UMR 1188 Diabète Athérothrombose Thérapies Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), Plateforme CYROI, F-97490 Sainte-Clotilde, France
| | - Sepand Rastegar
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems-Biological Information Processing (IBCS-BIP), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Campus North, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Correspondence: (S.R.); (G.M.); Tel.: +49-721-608-22507 (S.R.); +39-090-6766822 (G.M.)
| | - Antonino Germanà
- Zebrafish Neuromorphology Lab., Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Via Giovanni Palatucci snc, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Montalbano
- Zebrafish Neuromorphology Lab., Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Via Giovanni Palatucci snc, 98168 Messina, Italy
- Correspondence: (S.R.); (G.M.); Tel.: +49-721-608-22507 (S.R.); +39-090-6766822 (G.M.)
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20
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Coleman C, Martin I. Unraveling Parkinson's Disease Neurodegeneration: Does Aging Hold the Clues? JOURNAL OF PARKINSON'S DISEASE 2022; 12:2321-2338. [PMID: 36278358 PMCID: PMC9837701 DOI: 10.3233/jpd-223363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Aging is the greatest risk factor for Parkinson's disease (PD), suggesting that mechanisms driving the aging process promote PD neurodegeneration. Several lines of evidence support a role for aging in PD. First, hallmarks of brain aging such as mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress, loss of protein homeostasis, and neuroinflammation are centrally implicated in PD development. Second, mutations that cause monogenic PD are present from conception, yet typically only cause disease following a period of aging. Third, lifespan-extending genetic, dietary, or pharmacological interventions frequently attenuate PD-related neurodegeneration. These observations support a central role for aging in disease development and suggest that new discoveries in the biology of aging could be leveraged to elucidate novel mechanisms of PD pathophysiology. A recent rapid growth in our understanding of conserved molecular pathways that govern model organism lifespan and healthspan has highlighted a key role for metabolism and nutrient sensing pathways. Uncovering how metabolic pathways involving NAD+ consumption, insulin, and mTOR signaling link to the development of PD is underway and implicates metabolism in disease etiology. Here, we assess areas of convergence between nervous system aging and PD, evaluate the link between metabolism, aging, and PD and address the potential of metabolic interventions to slow or halt the onset of PD-related neurodegeneration drawing on evidence from cellular and animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin Coleman
- Department of Neurology, Jungers Center for Neurosciences, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Ian Martin
- Department of Neurology, Jungers Center for Neurosciences, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA,Correspondence to: Ian Martin, Jungers Center for Neurosciences Research, Department of Neurology - Mail Code L623, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA. Tel.: +1 503 494 9140; E-mail:
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21
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Zhang Q, Zheng L, Luo D, Huang M, Feng Y, Zhao M. Peptide WCPFSRSF alleviates sleep deprivation-induced memory impairment by inhibiting neuroinflammation and modulating IL-6/JAK/STAT signaling pathway. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.102176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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22
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Kowalska J, Banach K, Rzepka Z, Rok J, Karkoszka M, Wrześniok D. Changes in the Oxidation-Reduction State of Human Dermal Fibroblasts as an Effect of Lomefloxacin Phototoxic Action. Cells 2022; 11:cells11121971. [PMID: 35741100 PMCID: PMC9222184 DOI: 10.3390/cells11121971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Phototoxicity induced by antibiotics is a real problem in health care. The discontinuation of antibiotic therapy due to a phototoxic reaction can lead to the development of resistant strains. Fluoroquinolones are widely used antibiotics that exhibit phototoxic activity under UVA radiation. The purpose of the study was to examine the redox status of human dermal fibroblasts exposed to UVA radiation and treated with lomefloxacin, the most phototoxic fluoroquinolone. Lomefloxacin alone was found to have an antiproliferative activity on fibroblasts by affecting the cell cycle. In addition, the drug caused a redox imbalance associated with the decreased expression of catalase and glutathione peroxidase. UVA radiation increased the drug cytotoxicity and oxidative stress induced by lomefloxacin. The decrease in cell viability was accompanied by a high level of reactive oxygen species and extensive changes in the antioxidant levels. The revealed data indicate that the phototoxic action of lomefloxacin results from both increased reactive oxygen species production and an impaired antioxidant defense system. Considering all of the findings, it can be concluded that lomefloxacin-induced phototoxic reactions are caused by an oxidoreductive imbalance in skin cells.
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23
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Reactive Oxygen Species are Essential for Placental Angiogenesis During Early Gestation. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:4290922. [PMID: 35693704 PMCID: PMC9177322 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4290922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Background Preeclampsia (PE) is associated with insufficient placental perfusion attributed to maldevelopment of the placental vasculature. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are implicated in angiogenesis, but their regulatory effects and mechanisms in placental vascular development remain unclear. Methods Placental oxidative stress was determined throughout gestation by measuring 4-hydroxynonenal (4HNE) and malondialdehyde (MDA). The antioxidant MitoQ was administered to pregnant mice from GDs 7.5 to 11.5; placental morphology and angiogenesis pathways were examined on GDs 11.5 and 18.5. Moreover, we established a mouse mFlt-1-induced PE model and assessed blood pressure, urine protein levels, and placental vascular development on GDs 11.5 and 18.5. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were treated with various H2O2 concentrations to evaluate cell viability, intracellular ROS levels, and tube formation capability. MitoQ, an AKT inhibitor and an ERK1/2 inhibitor were applied to validate the ROS-mediated mechanism regulating placental angiogenesis. Results First-trimester placentas presented significantly higher MDA and 4HNE levels. MitoQ significantly reduced the blood vessel density and angiogenesis pathway activity in the placenta on GDs 11.5 and 18.5. Serum sFlt-1 levels were elevated, and we observed poor placental angiogenesis and PE-like symptoms in cases with mFlt-1 overexpression. Moderate H2O2 treatment promoted HUVEC proliferation and angiogenesis, whereas these improvements were abolished by MitoQ, AKT inhibitor, or ERK1/2 inhibitor treatment. Conclusions Moderate ROS levels are essential for placental angiogenesis; diminishing ROS with potent antioxidants during placentation decreases placental angiogenesis and increases PE risk. Therefore, antioxidant therapy should be considered carefully for normal pregnant women during early gestation.
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Chung TD, Linville RM, Guo Z, Ye R, Jha R, Grifno GN, Searson PC. Effects of acute and chronic oxidative stress on the blood-brain barrier in 2D and 3D in vitro models. Fluids Barriers CNS 2022; 19:33. [PMID: 35551622 PMCID: PMC9097350 DOI: 10.1186/s12987-022-00327-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a shared pathology of neurodegenerative disease and brain injuries, and is derived from perturbations to normal cell processes by aging or environmental factors such as UV exposure and air pollution. As oxidative cues are often present in systemic circulation, the blood-brain barrier (BBB) plays a key role in mediating the effect of these cues on brain dysfunction. Therefore, oxidative damage and disruption of the BBB is an emergent focus of neurodegenerative disease etiology and progression. We assessed barrier dysfunction in response to chronic and acute oxidative stress in 2D and 3D in vitro models of the BBB with human iPSC-derived brain microvascular endothelial-like cells (iBMECs). We first established doses of hydrogen peroxide to induce chronic damage (modeling aging and neurodegenerative disease) and acute damage (modeling the response to traumatic brain injury) by assessing barrier function via transendothelial electrical resistance in 2D iBMEC monolayers and permeability and monolayer integrity in 3D tissue-engineered iBMEC microvessels. Following application of these chronic and acute doses in our in vitro models, we found local, discrete structural changes were the most prevalent responses (rather than global barrier loss). Additionally, we validated unique functional changes in response to oxidative stress, including dysfunctional cell turnover dynamics and immune cell adhesion that were consistent with changes in gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracy D Chung
- Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, 100 Croft Hall, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Raleigh M Linville
- Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, 100 Croft Hall, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Zhaobin Guo
- Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, 100 Croft Hall, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Robert Ye
- Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, 100 Croft Hall, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ria Jha
- Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, 100 Croft Hall, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Gabrielle N Grifno
- Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, 100 Croft Hall, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Peter C Searson
- Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, 100 Croft Hall, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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25
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Nunan E, Wright CL, Semola OA, Subramanian M, Balasubramanian P, Lovern PC, Fancher IS, Butcher JT. Obesity as a premature aging phenotype - implications for sarcopenic obesity. GeroScience 2022; 44:1393-1405. [PMID: 35471692 PMCID: PMC9213608 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-022-00567-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and aging have both seen dramatic increases in prevalence throughout society. This review seeks to highlight common pathologies that present with obesity, along with the underlying risk factors, that have remarkable similarity to what is observed in the aged. These include skeletal muscle dysfunction (loss of quantity and quality), significant increases in adiposity, systemic alterations to autonomic dysfunction, reduction in nitric oxide bioavailability, increases in oxidant stress and inflammation, dysregulation of glucose homeostasis, and mitochondrial dysfunction. This review is organized by the aforementioned indices and succinctly highlights literature that demonstrates similarities between the aged and obese phenotypes in both human and animal models. As aging is an inevitability and obesity prevalence is unlikely to significantly decrease in the near future, these two phenotypes will ultimately combine as a multidimensional syndrome (a pathology termed sarcopenic obesity). Whether the pre-mature aging indices accompanying obesity are additive or synergistic upon entering aging is not yet well defined, but the goal of this review is to illustrate the potential consequences of a double aged phenotype in sarcopenic obesity. Clinically, the modifiable risk factors could be targeted specifically in obesity to allow for increased health span in the aged and sarcopenic obese populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Nunan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Carson L Wright
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Oluwayemisi A Semola
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Madhan Subramanian
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Priya Balasubramanian
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Pamela C Lovern
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Ibra S Fancher
- Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, College of Health Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Joshua T Butcher
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA.
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA.
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26
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Perennials have evolved a greater resistance to exogenous H2O2 than annuals, consistent with the oxidative stress theory of aging. Biologia (Bratisl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11756-022-01055-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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27
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Li L, Chen Y, Shi C. Nintedanib ameliorates oxidized low-density lipoprotein -induced inflammation and cellular senescence in vascular endothelial cells. Bioengineered 2022; 13:6196-6207. [PMID: 35236245 PMCID: PMC8974161 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2036913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a life-threatening cardiovascular disease and it has been reported that endothelial dysfunction is the initial inducer of AS. Recent reports suggest that inflammation and oxidative stress-induced cell senescence are main inducers of endothelial dysfunction. Nintedanib is an effective inhibitor of multityrosine kinase receptors developed for the treatment of fibrosis, which was recently reported to exert inhibitory effects against inflammation and oxidative stress. The present study plans to study the effect and mechanism of Nintedanib on endothelial dysfunction. We found that in oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-treated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), the increased production of total cholesterol (TC), free cholesterol (FC), and pro-inflammatory cytokines were observed, reversed by 10 μM and 25 μM Nintedanib. The elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, as well as the declined activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in ox-LDL-treated HUVECs, were significantly abolished by 10 μM and 25 μM Nintedanib. Increased proportion of senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) positive staining cells, activated p53/p21 pathway, and promoted cell fraction in the G0/G1 phase were observed in ox-LDL-treated HUVECs, all of which were dramatically reversed by 10 μM and 25 μM Nintedanib. Lastly, the increased expression level of Arginase-II (Arg-II) in HUVECs by ox-LDL was repressed by Nintedanib. The protective effects of Nintedanib on ox-LDL- induced cellular senescence were pronouncedly blocked by the overexpression of Arg-II. Collectively, our data suggest that Nintedanib mitigates ox-LDL-induced inflammation and cellular senescence in vascular endothelial cells by downregulating Arg-II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Li
- Nursing Department, Wuhan Xinzhou District People's Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Yudan Chen
- Department of Surgery, Wuhan Xinzhou District People's Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Chang Shi
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Wuhan Xinzhou District People's Hospital, Wuhan, China
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28
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Polidori MC, Mecocci P. Modeling the dynamics of energy imbalance: The free radical theory of aging and frailty revisited. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 181:235-240. [PMID: 35151828 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The role of oxidative stress in aging and the newly conceptualized vision of frailty is of great interest for the possibility to define a framework able to explain the several modifications observed in all biological molecules along with age. In this review, the impact of oxidative stress is considered in aging processes as well as in frailty, the geriatric concept of declined capacity to cope with any stressor, leading to a status of reduced ability to maintain the homeostatic balance. Although some pharmacological and behavioral approaches have been proposed, we are still lacking efficacious management able to prevent and avoid frailty. This represents a fundamental challenge for future research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Cristina Polidori
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Patrizia Mecocci
- Institute of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia Hospital, Building C Floor 4, Piazzale Menghini, 1 - 06132, Perugia, Italy.
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29
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Duangjan C, Curran SP. Oolonghomobisflavans from Camellia sinensis increase Caenorhabditis elegans lifespan and healthspan. GeroScience 2022; 44:533-545. [PMID: 34637108 PMCID: PMC8811050 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-021-00462-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Tea polyphenols are widely considered as excellent antioxidant agents which can contribute to human health and longevity. However, the identification of the active biomolecules in complex tea extracts that promote health and longevity are not fully known. Here we used the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans to analyze the health benefits and longevity effects of Camellia sinensis oolong tea extracts (QFT, NFT, and CFT) and oolonghomobisflavan A and oolonghomobisflavan B, which are present in oolong tea extracts. Our results showed that oolong tea extracts and oolonghomobisflavans prolong lifespan and improved healthspan by curtailing the age-related decline in muscle activity and the accumulation of age pigment (lipofuscin). We found that the lifespan and healthspan promoting effects of oolong tea extracts and oolonghomobisflavans were positively correlated with the stress resistance via DAF-16/FOXO transcription factor. Furthermore, oolong tea extracts and oolonghomobisflavans displayed protective effects against Aβ- and polyQ-induced neuro/proteotoxicity. Overall, our study provides new evidence to support the health benefits of oolong tea and importantly identify oolonghomobisflavans as potent bioactive molecules that promote health when supplemented with a normal diet. As such, oolonghomobisflavans represent a valuable new class of compounds that promote healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chatrawee Duangjan
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Sean P Curran
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA.
- Molecular and Computational Biology, Dornsife College of Letters, Arts, and Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA.
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Ruiz-Raya F. Ecophysiology of egg rejection in hosts of avian brood parasites: new insights and perspectives. Curr Zool 2021; 67:631-638. [PMID: 34805540 PMCID: PMC8599070 DOI: 10.1093/cz/zoab042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Egg rejection is the most effective and widespread defense used by host species to counteract the extreme fitness costs frequently imposed by obligate avian brood parasites. Yet, the proximate mechanisms underlying between- and within-individual variation in host responses remain poorly explored. Emerging evidence suggests that egg rejection is dependent on individual physiological states, and draws attention to the role of hormones as mediators of flexible antiparasitic responses. In this perspective article, I outline recent advances in our understanding of the proximate factors that mediate egg rejection. I also point out some areas where knowledge remains still lacking, especially those related to the development and maintenance of effective cognitive functions, the potential role of oxidative stress, immunological state, and developmental stressors. I propose new hypotheses that stimulate future research on behavioral host responses toward brood parasitism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Ruiz-Raya
- Centro de Investigación Mariña, Universidade de Vigo, GEA, Vigo 36310, Spain
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The KEAP1-NRF2 System in Healthy Aging and Longevity. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10121929. [PMID: 34943032 PMCID: PMC8750203 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10121929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is inevitable, but the inherently and genetically programmed aging process is markedly influenced by environmental factors. All organisms are constantly exposed to various stresses, either exogenous or endogenous, throughout their lives, and the quality and quantity of the stresses generate diverse impacts on the organismal aging process. In the current oxygenic atmosphere on earth, oxidative stress caused by reactive oxygen species is one of the most common and critical environmental factors for life. The Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1-NFE2-related factor 2 (KEAP1-NRF2) system is a critical defense mechanism of cells and organisms in response to redox perturbations. In the presence of oxidative and electrophilic insults, the thiol moieties of cysteine in KEAP1 are modified, and consequently NRF2 activates its target genes for detoxification and cytoprotection. A number of studies have clarified the contributions of the KEAP1-NRF2 system to the prevention and attenuation of physiological aging and aging-related diseases. Accumulating knowledge to control stress-induced damage may provide a clue for extending healthspan and treating aging-related diseases. In this review, we focus on the relationships between oxidative stress and aging-related alterations in the sensory, glandular, muscular, and central nervous systems and the roles of the KEAP1-NRF2 system in aging processes.
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32
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Exercising D. melanogaster Modulates the Mitochondrial Proteome and Physiology. The Effect on Lifespan Depends upon Age and Sex. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111606. [PMID: 34769041 PMCID: PMC8583977 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ageing is a major risk factor for many of the most prevalent diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, and heart disease. As the global population continues to age, behavioural interventions that can promote healthy ageing will improve quality of life and relieve the socioeconomic burden that comes with an aged society. Exercise is recognised as an effective intervention against many diseases of ageing, but we do not know the stage in an individual’s lifetime at which exercise is most effective at promoting healthy ageing, and whether or not it has a direct effect on lifespan. We exercised w1118 Drosophila melanogaster, investigating the effects of sex and group size at different stages of their lifetime, and recorded their lifespan. Climbing scores at 30 days were measured to record differences in fitness in response to exercise. We also assessed the mitochondrial proteome of w1118 Drosophila that had been exercised for one week, alongside mitochondrial respiration measured using high-resolution respirometry, to determine changes in mitochondrial physiology in response to exercise. We found that age-targeted exercise interventions improved the lifespan of both male and female Drosophila, and grouped males exercised in late life had improved climbing scores when compared with those exercised throughout their entire lifespan. The proteins of the electron transport chain were significantly upregulated in expression after one week of exercise, and complex-II-linked respiration was significantly increased in exercised Drosophila. Taken together, our findings provide a basis to test specific proteins, and complex II of the respiratory chain, as important effectors of exercise-induced healthy ageing.
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Redox balance during exercise in the heat in healthy adults: A systematic review. J Therm Biol 2021; 99:102943. [PMID: 34420607 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2021.102943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyperthermia, induced by exercise in the heat, alters the redox status. The physiological significance of these observations remains uncertain but may justify why the consequences of exercising in the heat span from positive health adaptations to negative and even lethal outcomes. Here, we conducted a systematic review to investigate the redox responses during acute exercise in the heat in healthy adults. METHODS We searched MEDLINE, Cochrane Wiley, ClinicalTrials.gov, PEDRO and LILACS for clinical trials investigating pro- and antioxidant responses to exercise associated with hyperthermia and/or sweat-induced dehydration in healthy young individuals. Two independent reviewers extracted data and assessed the quality of the included studies. RESULTS A total of 1,014 records were selected, nine full papers were evaluated for eligibility, and eight studies met the inclusion criteria. Overall, results show that hyperthermia promotes oxidative stress both at the tissue level and in the circulation. Exercising in the heat heightens endogenous antioxidant defense systems, attenuating the negative effects of hyperthermia on oxidative damage. Studies also indicate that sweat-induced dehydration promotes oxidative stress, which is attenuated by rehydration. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that changes in redox status play a role in determining whether an acute bout of exercise in the heat lead to adaptive or maladaptive outcomes.
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34
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Ullah R, Rauf N, Nabi G, Yi S, Yu-Dong Z, Fu J. Mechanistic insight into high-fat diet-induced metabolic inflammation in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 142:112012. [PMID: 34388531 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A high-fat diet (HFD) is linked with cytokines production by non-neuronal cells within the hypothalamus, which mediates metabolic inflammation. These cytokines then activate different inflammatory mediators in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus (ARC), a primary hypothalamic area accommodating proopiomelanocortin (POMC) and agouti-related peptide (AGRP) neurons, first-order neurons that sense and integrate peripheral metabolic signals and then respond accordingly. These mediators, such as inhibitor of κB kinase-β (IKKβ), suppression of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3), c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs), protein kinase C (PKC), etc., cause insulin and leptin resistance in POMC and AGRP neurons and support obesity and related metabolic complications. On the other hand, inhibition of these mediators has been shown to counteract the impaired metabolism. Therefore, it is important to discuss the contribution of neuronal and non-neuronal cells in HFD-induced hypothalamic inflammation. Furthermore, understanding few other questions, such as the diets causing hypothalamic inflammation, the gender disparity in response to HFD feeding, and how hypothalamic inflammation affects ARC neurons to cause impaired metabolism, will be helpful for the development of therapeutic approaches to prevent or treat HFD-induced obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahim Ullah
- Department of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, China; Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Naveed Rauf
- Department of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - Ghulam Nabi
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei Province, China; Department of Life Sciences, School of Science, University of Management and Technology (UMT), Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shen Yi
- Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Zhou Yu-Dong
- Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Junfen Fu
- Department of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, China; National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou 310052, China; National Children's Regional Medical Center, Hangzhou 310052, China.
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35
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Shibata K, Kameshima M, Fujiyama H, Ehara M, Suzuki Y, Yamada S. Obesity May Not Be a Risk of Non-Target Lesion Revascularization in the Elderly Patients. Int Heart J 2021; 62:726-733. [PMID: 34276007 DOI: 10.1536/ihj.20-708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is assumed to be one of the robust risk factors for coronary artery disease. However, the effects of obesity on the progression of atherosclerosis in patients in different age groups after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) remain unclear. This study aimed to examine the effect of obesity on prognosis in different age groups.Consecutive patients who underwent urgent or elective PCI were surveyed for this study and were then divided into the elderly group and middle-aged group with a cut-off age of 70 years. All patients underwent coronary angiography or coronary computed tomography angiography 1 year after PCI to examine the progression of atherosclerosis. The primary endpoint was revascularization for a new lesion within 2 years after PCI. In addition, the main effects and correlations between obesity and age were examined. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify independent predictors of non-target lesion revascularization (non-TLR).Of the 711 patients who met the criteria and were available for follow-up analysis, the incidence of non-TLR within 2 years was 97/711 (13.6%). The higher incidence of non-TLR in patients with obesity was observed only in the middle-aged group. Furthermore, in the multivariate analysis, obesity was independently associated with non-TLR only in the middle-aged group.The findings of the present study would enable us to construct the hypothesis that obesity in elderly patients may not be an independent predictor of the incidence of non-TLR, indicating that the management to prevent non-TLR may vary depending on the age of the patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichi Shibata
- Department of Cardiac Rehabilitation, Nagoya Heart Center.,Department of Integrated Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine
| | | | | | | | | | - Sumio Yamada
- Department of Integrated Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine
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36
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Rost-Roszkowska M, Poprawa I, Chajec Ł, Chachulska-Żymełka A, Wilczek G, Wilczek P, Tarnawska M, Student S, Leśniewska M. Effects of cadmium on mitochondrial structure and function in different organs: studies on the soil centipede Lithobius forficatus (Myriapoda, Chilopoda). THE EUROPEAN ZOOLOGICAL JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/24750263.2021.1912199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M. Rost-Roszkowska
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - I. Poprawa
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Ł. Chajec
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - A. Chachulska-Żymełka
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - G. Wilczek
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - P. Wilczek
- Faculty of Health Sciences, The President Stanislaw Wojciechowski State University of Applied Sciences in Kalisz, Kalisz, Poland
| | - M. Tarnawska
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - S. Student
- Department of System Biology and Engineering, Faculty of Automatic Control, Electronics and Computer Science, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
- Biotechnology Center, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
| | - M. Leśniewska
- Department of General Zoology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
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Li X, Khan I, Xia W, Huang G, Liu L, Law BYK, Yin L, Liao W, Leong W, Han R, Wong VKW, Xia C, Guo X, Hsiao WLW. Icariin enhances youth-like features by attenuating the declined gut microbiota in the aged mice. Pharmacol Res 2021; 168:105587. [PMID: 33798737 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
We previously reported the neuroprotective effects of icariin in rat cortical neurons. Here, we present a study on icariin's anti-aging effect in 24-month aged mice by treating them with a single daily dose of 100 mg/kg of icariin for 15 consecutive days. Icariin treatment improved motor coordination and learning skills while lowered oxidative stress biomarkers in the serum, brain, kidney, and liver of the aged mice. In addition, icariin improved the intestinal integrity of the aged mice by upregulating tight junction adhesion molecules and the Paneth and goblet cells, along with the reduction of iNOS and pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-2 and IL-6, and IL-12). Icariin treatments also significantly upregulated aging-related signaling molecules, Sirt 1, 3 & 6, Pot1α, BUB1b, FOXO1, Ep300, ANXA3, Calb1, SNAP25, and BDNF in old mice. Through gut microbiota (GM) analysis, we observed icariin-associated improvements in GM composition of aged mice by reinstating bacteria found in the young mice, while suppressing some bacteria found in the untreated old mice. To clarify whether icariin's anti-aging effect is rooted in the GM, we performed fecal microbiota transfer (FMT) from icariin-treated old mice to the old mice. FMT-recipients exhibited similar improvements in the rotarod score and age-related biomarkers as observed in the icariin-treated old mice. Equal or better improvement on the youth-like features was noticed when aged mice were FMT with feces from young mice. Our study shows that both direct treatments with icariin and fecal transplant from the icariin-treated aged mice produce similar anti-aging phenotypes in the aged mice. We prove that GM plays a pivotal role in the healing abilities of icariin. Icariin has the potentials to be developed as a medicine for the wellness of the aged adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China.
| | - Imran Khan
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China.
| | - Wenrui Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China.
| | - Guoxin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China.
| | - Liang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China.
| | - Betty Yuen Kwan Law
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China.
| | - Lin Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China.
| | - Weilin Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China.
| | - Waikit Leong
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China.
| | - Ruixuan Han
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China.
| | - Vincent Kam Wai Wong
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China.
| | - Chenglai Xia
- Foshan Maternal and Child Health Research Institute, Foshan Women and Children's Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Foshan 528000, China.
| | - Xiaoling Guo
- Foshan Maternal and Child Health Research Institute, Foshan Women and Children's Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Foshan 528000, China.
| | - W L Wendy Hsiao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China.
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Chiu HF, Lee HJ, Han YC, Venkatakrishnan K, Golovinskaia O, Wang CK. Beneficial effect of Chlorella pyrenoidosa drink on healthy subjects: A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, cross-over clinical trial. J Food Biochem 2021; 45:e13665. [PMID: 33755227 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The current study aims to explore the anti-inflammatory activity of Chlorella pyrenoidosa on RAW 267.4 cells and followed by a cross-over clinical trial in healthy subjects to check the antioxidant and anti-aging properties of Chlorella water extract (CWE). For the clinical trial, 44 healthy subjects were requested to consume 27 ml of either placebo or CWE for 90 days (phase I) and vice-versa manner for 90 days (phase II) with 4 weeks of washout period. The RAW 264.7 macrophages treated with Chlorella display potent anti-inflammatory activity by significantly downregulating (p < .05) the protein expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Whereas, the subjects supplemented with CWE showed improved (p < .05) antioxidant status (TEAC, SOD, CAT, and DHEAs) and lower (p < .05) oxidative stress/aging markers (TBARS and 8-OHdG) as well as considerably (p < .05) protected liver (by lowering GOT and GPT). Thus, consumption of chlorella could significantly improve the overall health status by suppressing various oxidative stress markers and aging stress markers. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Chlorella is considered as a popular functional food owing to its rich nutrient value and its array of biological activities. Numerous studies indicated that treatment with Chlorella spp. would considerably lower oxidative stress, inflammation, and regulate immune response which might contribute to anti-aging property in various cell and animal models. Based on the above information, we expected that Chlorella would be a better contender for the development of a novel anti-aging agent. Hence, we designed this clinical trial to assess the beneficial effects of Chlorella pyrenoidosa especially anti-aging. In agreement with our hypothesis, our results also showed that subjected supplemented with Chlorella water extract could significantly improve overall health status by suppressing various oxidative stress markers and aging stress markers. Hence, Chlorella could be developed into a novel anti-aging agent. In the future, it can be prescribed with standard anti-aging agents to improve the overall health status of the elderly population. However, large-scale clinical studies are needed to confirm our statements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Fang Chiu
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Taichung Hospital, Ministry of Health and Well-Being, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hsiao-Ju Lee
- School of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yi-Chun Han
- School of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan, ROC
| | | | | | - Chin-Kun Wang
- School of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan, ROC
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Kennedy A, Herman J, Rueppell O. Reproductive activation in honeybee ( Apis mellifera) workers protects against abiotic and biotic stress. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2021; 376:20190737. [PMID: 33678021 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2019.0737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Social insect reproductives exhibit exceptional longevity instead of the classic trade-off between somatic maintenance and reproduction. Even normally sterile workers experience a significant increase in life expectancy when they assume a reproductive role. The mechanisms that enable the positive relation between the antagonistic demands of reproduction and somatic maintenance are unclear. To isolate the effect of reproductive activation, honeybee workers were induced to activate their ovaries. These reproductively activated workers were compared to controls for survival and gene expression patterns after exposure to Israeli Acute Paralysis Virus or the oxidative stressor paraquat. Reproductive activation increased survival, indicating better immunity and oxidative stress resistance. After qPCR analysis confirmed our experimental treatments at the physiological level, whole transcriptome analysis revealed that paraquat treatment significantly changed the expression of 1277 genes in the control workers but only two genes in reproductively activated workers, indicating that reproductive activation preemptively protects against oxidative stress. Significant overlap between genes that were upregulated by reproductive activation and in response to paraquat included prominent members of signalling pathways and anti-oxidants known to affect ageing. Thus, while our results confirm a central role of vitellogenin, they also point to other mechanisms to explain the molecular basis of the lack of a cost of reproduction and the exceptional longevity of social insect reproductives. Thus, socially induced reproductive activation preemptively protects honeybee workers against stressors, explaining their longevity. This article is part of the theme issue 'Ageing and sociality: why, when and how does sociality change ageing patterns?'
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Affiliation(s)
- Anissa Kennedy
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina Greensboro, 321 McIver Street, Greensboro, NC 27403, USA
| | - Jacob Herman
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina Greensboro, 321 McIver Street, Greensboro, NC 27403, USA
| | - Olav Rueppell
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina Greensboro, 321 McIver Street, Greensboro, NC 27403, USA
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Castelli V, Paladini A, d'Angelo M, Allegretti M, Mantelli F, Brandolini L, Cocchiaro P, Cimini A, Varrassi G. Taurine and oxidative stress in retinal health and disease. CNS Neurosci Ther 2021; 27:403-412. [PMID: 33621439 PMCID: PMC7941169 DOI: 10.1111/cns.13610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinal disorders are leading causes of blindness and are due to an imbalance between reactive oxygen species and antioxidant scavenger (in favor of pro‐oxidant species) or a disruption of redox signaling and control. Indeed, it is well known that oxidative stress is one of the leading causes of retinal degenerative diseases. Different approaches using nutraceuticals resulted in protective effects in these disorders. This review will discuss the impact of oxidative stress in retinal neurodegenerative diseases and the potential strategies for avoiding or counteracting oxidative damage in retinal tissues, with a specific focus on taurine. Increasing data indicate that taurine may be effective in slowing down the progression of degenerative retinal diseases, thus suggesting that taurine can be a promising candidate for the prevention or as adjuvant treatment of these diseases. The mechanism by which taurine supplementation acts is mainly related to the reduction of oxidative stress. In particular, it has been demonstrated to improve retinal reduced glutathione, malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, and catalase activities. Antiapoptotic effects are also involved; however, the protective mechanisms exerted by taurine against retinal damage remain to be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Castelli
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Antonella Paladini
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Michele d'Angelo
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Annamaria Cimini
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.,Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine and Center for Biotechnology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Extension of Drosophila Lifespan by Astragalus polysaccharide through a Mechanism Dependent on Antioxidant and Insulin/IGF-1 Signaling. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:6686748. [PMID: 33680062 PMCID: PMC7929661 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6686748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Historical literature and pharmacological studies demonstrate that Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) has anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects. Studies into the longevity effects of APS are limited, and the molecular mechanism of lifespan extension by APS is not elucidated yet. Here, the longevity effect of APS was investigated in Drosophila melanogaster by feeding dose-dependent APS. APS significantly extended the lifespan and improved the reproduction. Meanwhile, APS increased locomotion, TAG level, and starvation resistance and reduced the mortality rate induced by hydrogen peroxide. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were increased in flies treated with APS diet. Moreover, APS significantly enhanced expressions of antioxidant genes (Sod1, Sod2, and Cat), dFoxO, and 4E − BP, decreased the expressions of insulin-like peptides (dilp2, dilp3, and dilp5), and longevity gene MTH. Together, these results indicate that APS can prolong the lifespan by regulating antioxidant ability and insulin/IGF-1 signaling and also enhance the reproduction ability in Drosophila. APS may be explored as a novel agent for slowing the aging process and improving reproduction.
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Shaffer RM, Li G, Adar SD, Dirk Keene C, Latimer CS, Crane PK, Larson EB, Kaufman JD, Carone M, Sheppard L. Fine Particulate Matter and Markers of Alzheimer's Disease Neuropathology at Autopsy in a Community-Based Cohort. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 79:1761-1773. [PMID: 33459717 PMCID: PMC8061707 DOI: 10.3233/jad-201005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence links fine particulate matter (PM2.5) to Alzheimer's disease (AD), but no community-based prospective cohort studies in older adults have evaluated the association between long-term exposure to PM2.5 and markers of AD neuropathology at autopsy. OBJECTIVE Using a well-established autopsy cohort and new spatiotemporal predictions of air pollution, we evaluated associations of 10-year PM2.5 exposure prior to death with Braak stage, Consortium to Establish a Registry for AD (CERAD) score, and combined AD neuropathologic change (ABC score). METHODS We used autopsy specimens (N = 832) from the Adult Changes in Thought (ACT) study, with enrollment ongoing since 1994. We assigned long-term exposure at residential address based on two-week average concentrations from a newly developed spatiotemporal model. To account for potential selection bias, we conducted inverse probability weighting. Adjusting for covariates with tiered models, we performed ordinal regression for Braak and CERAD and logistic regression for dichotomized ABC score. RESULTS 10-year average (SD) PM2.5 from death across the autopsy cohort was 8.2 (1.9) μg/m3. Average age (SD) at death was 89 (7) years. Each 1μg/m3 increase in 10-year average PM2.5 prior to death was associated with a suggestive increase in the odds of worse neuropathology as indicated by CERAD score (OR: 1.35 (0.90, 1.90)) but a suggestive decreased odds of neuropathology as defined by the ABC score (OR: 0.79 (0.49, 1.19)). There was no association with Braak stage (OR: 0.99 (0.64, 1.47)). CONCLUSION We report inconclusive associations between PM2.5 and AD neuropathology at autopsy among a cohort where 94% of individuals experienced 10-year exposures below the current EPA standard. Prior studies of AD risk factors and AD neuropathology are similarly inconclusive, suggesting alternative mechanistic pathways for disease or residual confounding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel M. Shaffer
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ge Li
- VA Northwest Network Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sara D. Adar
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - C. Dirk Keene
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Caitlin S. Latimer
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Paul K. Crane
- School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Eric B. Larson
- School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Joel D. Kaufman
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA, USA
- Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Marco Carone
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Lianne Sheppard
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA, USA
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Abstract
Sestrins are a family of proteins that respond to a variety of environmental stresses, including genotoxic, oxidative, and nutritional stresses. Sestrins affect multiple signaling pathways: AMP-activated protein kinase, mammalian target of rapamycin complexes, insulin-AKT, and redox signaling pathways. By regulating these pathways, Sestrins are thought to help adapt to stressful environments and subsequently restore cell and tissue homeostasis. In this review, we describe how Sestrins mediate physiological stress responses in the context of nutritional and chemical stresses (liver), physical movement and exercise (skeletal muscle), and chemical, physical, and inflammatory injuries (heart). These findings also support the idea that Sestrins are a molecular mediator of hormesis, a paradoxical beneficial effect of low- or moderate-level stresses in living organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myungjin Kim
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA; ,
| | - Allison H Kowalsky
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA; ,
| | - Jun Hee Lee
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA; ,
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Ploux E, Freret T, Billard JM. d-serine in physiological and pathological brain aging. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2020; 1869:140542. [PMID: 32950692 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2020.140542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Among aging-induced impairments, those affecting cognitive functions certainly represent one the most major challenge to face to improve elderly quality of life. In last decades, our knowledge on changes in the morphology and function of neuronal networks associated with normal and pathological brain aging has rapidly progressed, initiating the development of different pharmacological and behavioural strategies to alleviate cognitive aging. In particular, experimental evidences have accumulated indicating that the communication between neurons and its plasticity gradually weakens with aging. Because of its pivotal role for brain functional plasticity, the N-Methyl‑d-Aspartate receptor subtype of glutamate receptors (NMDAr) has gathered much of the experimental interest. NMDAr activation is regulated by many mechanisms. Among is the mandatory binding of a co-agonist, such as the amino acid d-serine, in order to activate NMDAr. This mini-review presents the most recent information indicating how d-serine could contribute to mechanisms of physiological cognitive aging and also considers the divergent views relative of the role of the NMDAr co-agonist in Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Ploux
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM, CYCERON, COMETE, 14000 Caen, France.
| | - T Freret
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM, CYCERON, COMETE, 14000 Caen, France
| | - J-M Billard
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM, CYCERON, COMETE, 14000 Caen, France.
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Depeux C, Lemaître JF, Moreau J, Dechaume-Moncharmont FX, Laverre T, Pauhlac H, Gaillard JM, Beltran-Bech S. Reproductive senescence and parental effects in an indeterminate grower. J Evol Biol 2020; 33:1256-1264. [PMID: 32574391 DOI: 10.1111/jeb.13667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Reproductive senescence is the decrease of reproductive performance with increasing age and can potentially include trans-generational effects as the offspring produced by old parents might have a lower fitness than those produced by young parents. This negative effect may be caused either by the age of the father, mother or the interaction between the ages of both parents. Using the common woodlouse Armadillidium vulgare, an indeterminate grower, as a biological model, we tested for the existence of a deleterious effect of parental age on fitness components. Contrary to previous findings reported from vertebrate studies, old parents produced both a higher number and larger offspring than young parents. However, their offspring had lower fitness components (by surviving less, producing a smaller number of clutches or not reproducing at all) than offspring born to young parents. Our findings strongly support the existence of trans-generational senescence in woodlice and contradict the belief that old individuals in indeterminate growers contribute the most to recruitment and correspond thereby to the key life stage for population dynamics. Our work also provides rare evidence that the trans-generational effect of senescence can be stronger than direct reproductive senescence in indeterminate growers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Depeux
- Laboratoire Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions, UMR CNRS 7267, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers Cedex 9, France.,Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, UMR CNRS 558, Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne cedex, France
| | - Jean-François Lemaître
- Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, UMR CNRS 558, Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne cedex, France
| | - Jérôme Moreau
- UMR CNRS 6282 Biogéosciences, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France.,Centre d'Études Biologiques de Chizé, UMR 7372, CNRS & La Rochelle Université, Villiers-en-bois, France
| | | | - Tiffany Laverre
- Laboratoire Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions, UMR CNRS 7267, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers Cedex 9, France
| | - Hélène Pauhlac
- Laboratoire Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions, UMR CNRS 7267, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers Cedex 9, France
| | - Jean-Michel Gaillard
- Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, UMR CNRS 558, Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne cedex, France
| | - Sophie Beltran-Bech
- Laboratoire Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions, UMR CNRS 7267, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers Cedex 9, France
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Fries GR, Zamzow MJ, Andrews T, Pink O, Scaini G, Quevedo J. Accelerated aging in bipolar disorder: A comprehensive review of molecular findings and their clinical implications. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2020; 112:107-116. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Gündüztepe Y, Bukan N, Zorlu E, Karaman Y, Andaç Topkan T, Gurbuz N, Neşelioğlu S, Erel Ö. The evaluation of thiol-disulfıte balance, ischemıa albumın modıfıcation and seruloplazmine as a new oxidatıve stress in mild cognitive impairment and early stage alzheimer's disease patients. J Clin Neurosci 2020; 75:188-194. [PMID: 32223973 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2019.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia seen in advanced age. It is characterized by progressive deterioration in cognitive functions. The prevalence of Alzheimer's disease increasing day by day due to the increase in the share of the elderly population in the general population due to developing health and living conditions, is limited and early diagnosis and effective treatment possibilities are very limited. From this point of view, a specific biomarker for AD is very important. As a new oxidative stress biomarker, the levels of thiol-disulfide balance, ischemia-modified albumin and seroloplazminin were evaluated. The aim of this study was to determine the serum levels of oxidative stress biomarkers in the early stages of the disease and to compare these oxidative stress markers with patients with mild cognitive impairment as a precursor form of Alzheimer's disease and to determine whether these markers develop at an earlier stage. METHODS 30 volunteers with early stage AD according to NINCDS-ARDRA criteria, 19 volunteers with Midl Cognitive İmpairment according to PCA criteria and 30 volunteers with defined criteria were selected from the subjects aged between 55 and 88 who applied to Gazi University Health Research. Statistical analysis of the data showed that there was a significant difference between the endgroups and biomarkers for the early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease, but this complicated matter has to be investigated in more comprehensive and detailed studie. RESULTS In the present study, we investigated oxidative stress parameters, thiol-disulphide balance, ischemia modified abumin and seruloplasmin in parallel with the impairment in cognitive dysfunction from control group to Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCD) and AD group by using a newly-developed method. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study in literature comparing Early Stages Alzheimer Disease (ESAD), MCD and healthy volunteer groups. Our study has revealed that these newly developed tests may be candidates as oxidative stress biomarkers in pathgenesis of AD. However it was concluded that more comprehensive and detailed studies are required to enlighten this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasemin Gündüztepe
- Department of Biochemistry, Gazi University, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Neslihan Bukan
- Department of Biochemistry, Gazi University, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Enishan Zorlu
- Department of Biochemistry, Gazi University, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Yahya Karaman
- Department of Neurology, Gazi University, Faculty of Medicine, 06410 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Tuğberk Andaç Topkan
- Department of Neurology, Gazi University, Faculty of Medicine, 06410 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Neslihan Gurbuz
- Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Toxicology Division, Dept. of Biochemistry, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Salim Neşelioğlu
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Özcan Erel
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara, Turkey
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Yu X, Hu Y, Huang W, Ye N, Yan Q, Ni W, Jiang X. Role of AMPK/SIRT1-SIRT3 signaling pathway in affective disorders in unpredictable chronic mild stress mice. Neuropharmacology 2019; 165:107925. [PMID: 31877320 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2019.107925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore the role of 5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase/sirtuin1-sirtuin3 (AMPK/SIRT1-SIRT3) signaling pathway in behavioral and neuroinflammation/oxidative stress alterations in unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS) model mice. METHODS Male ICR mice weighing 20-22 g were used in this study. Behavior performance was evaluated from the 14th day of drug treatment. Expression levels of AMPK, SIRT1, SIRT3, and NF-κBp65 were tested by immuno-blot analysis. Contents of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin 1β (IL-1β) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) expressions were tested by neurochemical and biochemical assays. RESULTS Behavioral disorders and decreases of AMPK, SIRT1 and SIRT3 induced by UCMS were all reversed by AICA Riboside (AICAR) treatment. These effects were correlated with alterations of oxidative stress (ROS, GSH, SOD) and inflammation (pNF-κBp65, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6) status. Co-treatment with SIRT3 inhibitor (3-TYP) in addition to AICAR abolished AICAR's effects on behavior and expression level of inflammation/oxidative stress-related factors of mice, without affecting the content of SIRT1. Contrarily, combining use of AICAR and SIRT1 inhibitor (Sirtinol or EX-527) increased SIRT3 level, which led to better alleviation of behavioral disorders, compared with single AICAR treatment. Interestingly, in normal or UCMS mice, up or down regulation of SIRT1 did not affect SIRT3 level. CONCLUSION Provided that AMPK is activated, SIRT1 inhibition could induce the increase of SIRT3, and SIRT3 exerts more beneficial function in alleviation of consequences of chronic stress than SIRT1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefeng Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Pharmaceutical College, Zhejiang Province, 315000, China
| | - Ying Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Pharmaceutical College, Zhejiang Province, 315000, China
| | - Wenkai Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Pharmaceutical College, Zhejiang Province, 315000, China
| | - Nuo Ye
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Pharmaceutical College, Zhejiang Province, 315000, China
| | - Qizhi Yan
- Shaoxing People's Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), Shaoxing, 312000, China
| | - Wenjuan Ni
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Pharmaceutical College, Zhejiang Province, 315000, China
| | - Xi Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Pharmaceutical College, Zhejiang Province, 315000, China; Zhejiang University Mingzhou Hospital, Zhejiang Province, 315000, China.
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An infection of Enterobacter ludwigii affects development and causes age-dependent neurodegeneration in Drosophila melanogaster. INVERTEBRATE NEUROSCIENCE 2019; 19:13. [PMID: 31641932 DOI: 10.1007/s10158-019-0233-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The effects of teeth-blackening bacteria Enterobacter ludwigii on the physiological system were investigated using the model organism Drosophila melanogaster. The bacteria were mixed with the fly food, and its effect was checked on the growth, development and behaviour of Drosophila. Microbes generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) within the haemolymph of the larvae once it enters into the body. The increased amount of ROS was evidenced by the NBT assay and using 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate dye, which indicates the mitochondrial ROS. The increased amount of ROS resulted in a number of abnormal nuclei within the gut. Besides that larvae walking became sluggish in comparison with wild type although the larvae crawling path did not change much. Flies hatched from the infectious larvae have the posterior scutellar bristle absent from the thorax and abnormal mechanosensory hairs in the eye, and they undergo time-dependent neurodegeneration as evidenced by the geotrophic and phototrophic assays. To decipher the mechanism of neurodegeneration, flies were checked for the presence of four important bioamines: tyramine, cadaverine, putrescine and histamine. Out of these four, histamine was found to be absent in infected flies. Histamine is a key molecule required for the functioning of the photoreceptor as well as mechanoreceptors. The mechanism via which mouth infectious bacteria E. ludwigii can affect the development and cause age-dependent neurodegeneration is explained in this paper.
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Włodarczyk A, Wilczek G, Wilczek P, Student S, Ostróżka A, Tarnawska M, Rost-Roszkowska M. Relationship between ROS production, MnSOD activation and periods of fasting and re-feeding in freshwater shrimp Neocaridina davidi (Crustacea, Malacostraca). PeerJ 2019; 7:e7399. [PMID: 31565545 PMCID: PMC6744934 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The middle region of the digestive system, the midgut of freshwater shrimp Neocaridina davidi is composed of a tube-shaped intestine and the hepatopancreas formed by numerous caeca. Two types of cells have been distinguished in the intestine, the digestive cells (D-cells) and regenerative cells (R-cells). The hepatopancreatic tubules have three distinct zones distinguished along the length of each tubule—the distal zone with R-cells, the medial zone with differentiating cells, and the proximal zone with F-cells (fibrillar cells) and B-cells (storage cells). Fasting causes activation of cell death, a reduction in the amount of reserve material, and changes in the mitochondrial membrane potential. However, here we present how the concentration of ROS changes according to different periods of fasting and whether re-feeding causes their decrease. In addition, the activation/deactivation of mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) was analyzed. The freshwater shrimps Neocaridina davidi (Crustacea, Malacostraca, Decapoda) were divided into experimental groups: animals starved for 14 days, animals re-fed for 4, 7, and 14 days. The material was examined using the confocal microscope and the flow cytometry. Our studies have shown that long-term starvation increases the concentration of free radicals and MnSOD concentration in the intestine and hepatopancreas, while return to feeding causes their decrease in both organs examined. Therefore, we concluded that a distinct relationship between MnSOD concentration, ROS activation, cell death activation and changes in the mitochondrial membrane potential occurred.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Włodarczyk
- Department of Animal Histology and Embryology, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Grażyna Wilczek
- Department of Animal Physiology and Ecotoxicology, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Piotr Wilczek
- Bioengineering Laboratory, Heart Prosthesis Institute, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Sebastian Student
- Faculty of Automatic Control, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Anna Ostróżka
- Department of Animal Histology and Embryology, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Monika Tarnawska
- Department of Animal Physiology and Ecotoxicology, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
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