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Nelius E, Fan Z, Sobecki M, Krzywinska E, Nagarajan S, Ferapontova I, Gotthardt D, Takeda N, Sexl V, Stockmann C. The transcription factor HIF-1α in NKp46+ ILCs limits chronic intestinal inflammation and fibrosis. Life Sci Alliance 2024; 7:e202402593. [PMID: 38876796 PMCID: PMC11178940 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202402593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are critical for intestinal adaptation to microenvironmental challenges, and the gut mucosa is characterized by low oxygen. Adaptation to low oxygen is mediated by hypoxia-inducible transcription factors (HIFs), and the HIF-1α subunit shapes an ILC phenotype upon acute colitis that contributes to intestinal damage. However, the impact of HIF signaling in NKp46+ ILCs in the context of repetitive mucosal damage and chronic inflammation, as it typically occurs during inflammatory bowel disease, is unknown. In chronic colitis, mice lacking the HIF-1α isoform in NKp46+ ILCs show a decrease in NKp46+ ILC1s but a concomitant rise in neutrophils and Ly6Chigh macrophages. Single-nucleus RNA sequencing suggests enhanced interaction of mesenchymal cells with other cell compartments in the colon of HIF-1α KO mice and a loss of mucus-producing enterocytes and intestinal stem cells. This was, furthermore, associated with increased bone morphogenetic pathway-integrin signaling, expansion of fibroblast subsets, and intestinal fibrosis. In summary, this suggests that HIF-1α-mediated ILC1 activation, although detrimental upon acute colitis, protects against excessive inflammation and fibrosis during chronic intestinal damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Nelius
- https://ror.org/02crff812 Institute of Anatomy, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Zheng Fan
- https://ror.org/02crff812 Institute of Anatomy, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michal Sobecki
- https://ror.org/02crff812 Institute of Anatomy, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ewelina Krzywinska
- https://ror.org/02crff812 Institute of Anatomy, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Shunmugam Nagarajan
- https://ror.org/02crff812 Institute of Anatomy, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Irina Ferapontova
- https://ror.org/02crff812 Institute of Anatomy, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dagmar Gotthardt
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Norihiko Takeda
- Division of Cardiology and Metabolism, Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | | | - Christian Stockmann
- https://ror.org/02crff812 Institute of Anatomy, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Zurich Kidney Center, Zurich, Switzerland
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Husain S, Leveckis R. Pharmacological regulation of HIF-1α, RGC death, and glaucoma. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2024; 77:102467. [PMID: 38896924 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2024.102467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Hypoxia can regulate oxygen-sensitive pathways that could be neuroprotective to compensate for the detrimental effects of low oxygen. However, prolonged hypoxia can activate neurodegenerative pathways. HIF-1α is upregulated/stabilized in hypoxic conditions, promoting alteration of gene expression, and ultimately leading to cell-death. Therefore, regulation of HIF-1α expression pharmacologically is a vital approach to mitigate cell death. In this review, we provide information showing the role of HIF-1α and its associated pathways in ocular retinopathies. We also discuss the beneficial roles of HIF-1α inhibitor, KC7F2, in ocular pathologies. Finally, we provided our own data demonstrating RGC neuroprotection by KC7F2 in glaucomatous animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahid Husain
- Department of Ophthalmology, Storm Eye Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
| | - Ryan Leveckis
- Department of Ophthalmology, Storm Eye Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
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Matellan C, Kennedy C, Santiago-Vela MI, Hochegger J, Ní Chathail MB, Wu A, Shannon C, Roche HM, Aceves SS, Godson C, Manresa MC. The TNFSF12/TWEAK Modulates Colonic Inflammatory Fibroblast Differentiation and Promotes Fibroblast-Monocyte Interactions. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2024; 212:1958-1970. [PMID: 38700420 PMCID: PMC11149899 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2300762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Fibroblasts acquire a proinflammatory phenotype in inflammatory bowel disease, but the factors driving this process and how fibroblasts contribute to mucosal immune responses are incompletely understood. TNF superfamily member 12 (TNFSF12, or TNF-like weak inducer of apoptosis [TWEAK]) has gained interest as a mediator of chronic inflammation. In this study, we explore its role as a driver of inflammatory responses in fibroblasts and its contribution to fibroblast-monocyte interaction using human primary colonic fibroblasts, THP-1 and primary monocytes. Recombinant human TWEAK induced the expression of cytokines, chemokines, and immune receptors in primary colonic fibroblasts. The TWEAK upregulated transcriptome shared 29% homology with a previously published transcriptional profile of inflammatory fibroblasts from ulcerative colitis. TWEAK elevated surface expression of activated fibroblast markers and adhesion molecules (podoplanin [PDPN], ICAM-1, and VCAM-1) and secretion of IL-6, CCL2, and CXCL10. In coculture, fibroblasts induced monocyte adhesion and secretion of CXCL1 and IL-8, and they promoted a CD14high/ICAM-1high phenotype in THP-1 cells, which was enhanced when fibroblasts were prestimulated with TWEAK. Primary monocytes in coculture with TWEAK-treated fibroblasts had altered surface expression of CD16 and triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (TREM-1) as well as increased CXCL1 and CXCL10 secretion. Conversely, inhibition of the noncanonical NF-κB pathway on colonic fibroblasts with a NF-κB-inducing kinase small molecule inhibitor impaired their ability to induce a CD14high phenotype on monocytes. Our results indicate that TWEAK promotes an inflammatory fibroblast-monocyte crosstalk that may be amenable for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Matellan
- School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Sciences, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
- Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Medicine, Conway Institute of Biomolecular and biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ciarán Kennedy
- Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Medicine, Conway Institute of Biomolecular and biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
- Diabetes Complications Research Centre, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Miren Itxaso Santiago-Vela
- School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Sciences, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
- Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Johanna Hochegger
- School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Sciences, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
- Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Méabh B. Ní Chathail
- Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy, and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Amanda Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Christopher Shannon
- Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Medicine, Conway Institute of Biomolecular and biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Helen M. Roche
- Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy, and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, U.K
| | - Seema S. Aceves
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- Rady Children’s Hospital, San Diego, CA
| | - Catherine Godson
- Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Medicine, Conway Institute of Biomolecular and biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
- Diabetes Complications Research Centre, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mario C. Manresa
- School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Sciences, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
- Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
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Ciorba MA, Konnikova L, Hirota SA, Lucchetta EM, Turner JR, Slavin A, Johnson K, Condray CD, Hong S, Cressall BK, Pizarro TT, Hurtado-Lorenzo A, Heller CA, Moss AC, Swantek JL, Garrett WS. Challenges in IBD Research 2024: Preclinical Human IBD Mechanisms. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2024; 30:S5-S18. [PMID: 38778627 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izae081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Preclinical human inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) mechanisms is one of 5 focus areas of the Challenges in IBD Research 2024 document, which also includes environmental triggers, novel technologies, precision medicine, and pragmatic clinical research. Herein, we provide a comprehensive overview of current gaps in inflammatory bowel diseases research that relate to preclinical research and deliver actionable approaches to address them with a focus on how these gaps can lead to advancements in IBD interception, remission, and restoration. The document is the result of multidisciplinary input from scientists, clinicians, patients, and funders and represents a valuable resource for patient-centric research prioritization. This preclinical human IBD mechanisms section identifies major research gaps whose investigation will elucidate pathways and mechanisms that can be targeted to address unmet medical needs in IBD. Research gaps were identified in the following areas: genetics, risk alleles, and epigenetics; the microbiome; cell states and interactions; barrier function; IBD complications (specifically fibrosis and stricturing); and extraintestinal manifestations. To address these gaps, we share specific opportunities for investigation for basic and translational scientists and identify priority actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A Ciorba
- Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Center, Division of Gastroenterology, Washington University in St. Louis, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Liza Konnikova
- Departments of Pediatrics, Immunobiology, and Obstetric, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Simon A Hirota
- Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Dept. of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Elena M Lucchetta
- The Leona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jerrold R Turner
- Departments of Pathology and Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Cass D Condray
- Patient Representative for the Crohn's & Colitis Foundation, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sungmo Hong
- Patient Representative for the Crohn's & Colitis Foundation, New York, NY, USA
| | - Brandon K Cressall
- Patient Representative for the Crohn's & Colitis Foundation, New York, NY, USA
| | - Theresa T Pizarro
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | - Caren A Heller
- Research Department, Crohn's & Colitis Foundation, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alan C Moss
- Research Department, Crohn's & Colitis Foundation, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Wendy S Garrett
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- The Harvard T. H. Chan Microbiome in Public Health Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Kymera Therapeutics, Watertown, MA, USA
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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5
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Lyu P, Wen J, Zhang W, Liu N, Stolzer I, Gießl A, Jia Y, Mauro D, Zhang F, Ciccia F, Soulat D, Günther C, Schett G, Bozec A. Expression of HIF1α in intestinal epithelium restricts arthritis inflammation by inhibiting RIPK3-induced cell death machinery. Ann Rheum Dis 2024:ard-2023-224491. [PMID: 38503474 DOI: 10.1136/ard-2023-224491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the mechanism by which intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) death induces arthritis. METHODS IEC death was assessed by staining for necroptosis and apoptosis markers and fluorescence in situ hybridisation at different time points during collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). During the development of CIA, messenger RNA (mRNA) sequencing was performed, followed by Gene Ontology enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes. Mice deficient for hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (Hif1a) in IECs (Hif1a ∆IEC) were generated and induced for arthritis. mRNA sequencing, chromatin immunoprecipitated (ChIP) DNA sequencing and ChIP-qualitative PCR were performed on IECs from Hif1a ∆IEC mice and littermate controls. Effects of HIF1α stabilisation by inhibition of prolyl hydroxylase domain-containing enzymes and treatment with the inhibitor of receptor-interacting protein kinase-3 (RIPK3) were tested in intestinal organoids and in CIA. RESULTS IEC underwent apoptotic and necroptotic cell death at the onset of arthritis, leading to impaired gut barrier function. HIF1α was identified as one of the most upregulated genes in IECs during the onset of arthritis. Deletion of Hif1a in IEC enhanced IEC necroptosis, triggered intestinal inflammation and exacerbated arthritis. HIF1α was found to be a key transcriptional repressor for the necroptosis-inducing factor RIPK3. Enhanced RIPK3 expression, indicating necroptosis, was also found in the intestinal epithelium of patients with new-onset rheumatoid arthritis. Therapeutic stabilisation of HIF1α as well as small-molecule-based RIPK3 inhibition rescued intestinal necroptosis in vitro and in vivo and suppressed the development of arthritis. CONCLUSION Our results identify IEC necroptosis as a critical link between the gut and the development of arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pang Lyu
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie, Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jinming Wen
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie, Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Wenshuo Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie, Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ning Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie, Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Iris Stolzer
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie, Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine 1, Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Bayern, Germany
| | - Andreas Gießl
- Department of Opthalmology, Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Yewei Jia
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie, Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Daniele Mauro
- Precision Medicine, Università degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Napoli, Campania, Italy
| | - Fulin Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie, Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Francesco Ciccia
- Precision Medicine, Università degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Napoli, Campania, Italy
| | - Didier Soulat
- Microbiology Institute, Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Claudia Günther
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie, Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine 1, Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Bayern, Germany
| | - Georg Schett
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie, Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Aline Bozec
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie, Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
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Yuan X, Ruan W, Bobrow B, Carmeliet P, Eltzschig HK. Targeting hypoxia-inducible factors: therapeutic opportunities and challenges. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2024; 23:175-200. [PMID: 38123660 DOI: 10.1038/s41573-023-00848-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are highly conserved transcription factors that are crucial for adaptation of metazoans to limited oxygen availability. Recently, HIF activation and inhibition have emerged as therapeutic targets in various human diseases. Pharmacologically desirable effects of HIF activation include erythropoiesis stimulation, cellular metabolism optimization during hypoxia and adaptive responses during ischaemia and inflammation. By contrast, HIF inhibition has been explored as a therapy for various cancers, retinal neovascularization and pulmonary hypertension. This Review discusses the biochemical mechanisms that control HIF stabilization and the molecular strategies that can be exploited pharmacologically to activate or inhibit HIFs. In addition, we examine medical conditions that benefit from targeting HIFs, the potential side effects of HIF activation or inhibition and future challenges in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyi Yuan
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Wei Ruan
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bentley Bobrow
- Department of Emergency Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Peter Carmeliet
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis & Vascular Metabolism, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis & Vascular Heterogeneity, Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Center for Biotechnology, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Holger K Eltzschig
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
- Outcomes Research Consortium, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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Gupta A, Song MH, Youn DH, Ku D, Sasidharan Nair V, Oh K. Prolyl hydroxylase inhibition protects against murine MC903-induced skin inflammation by downregulating TSLP. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1330011. [PMID: 38495889 PMCID: PMC10940402 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1330011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Previously, we reported an anti-inflammatory effect of mTORC1 in a mouse model of type 2 skin inflammation. TSLP, one of the epithelial cell-derived cytokines, was upregulated by Raptor deficiency or rapamycin treatment, which was inhibited by dimethyloxalylglycine (DMOG). However, it remains unclear how DMOG regulates TSLP expression and type 2 skin inflammation. In this study, we investigated the protective effect of DMOG on MC903 (calcipotriol)-induced type 2 skin inflammation. Morphological and immunological changes were assessed by H-E staining, flow cytometry and RT-qPCR. DMOG treatment attenuated MC903-induced skin inflammation in a T cell-independent manner. The anti-inflammatory effect of DMOG was accompanied by downregulation of TSLP and IL-33, and supplementation with recombinant TSLP and IL-33 abolished the effect of DMOG. MC903 increased ROS levels in skin tissue, which was prevented by DMOG. Furthermore, the ROS scavenger N-acetylcysteine (NAC) downregulated TSLP and ameliorated MC903-induced skin inflammation, as did DMOG. Finally, the effect of DMOG on ROS and TSLP was reduced by HIF knockdown. These results suggest that DMOG downregulates TSLP and ROS through the HIF pathway, which reduces MC903-induced skin inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anupriya Gupta
- Department of Pathology, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Hye Song
- Department of Pathology, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hyuk Youn
- Institute of New Frontier Research, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Dohyeon Ku
- Department of Pathology, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Varun Sasidharan Nair
- Department Experimental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Kwonik Oh
- Department of Pathology, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Medical Science, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
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Solanki S, Shah YM. Hypoxia-Induced Signaling in Gut and Liver Pathobiology. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PATHOLOGY 2024; 19:291-317. [PMID: 37832943 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pathmechdis-051122-094743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Oxygen (O2) is essential for cellular metabolism and biochemical reactions. When the demand for O2 exceeds the supply, hypoxia occurs. Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are essential to activate adaptive and survival responses following hypoxic stress. In the gut (intestines) and liver, the presence of oxygen gradients or physiologic hypoxia is necessary to maintain normal homeostasis. While physiologic hypoxia is beneficial and aids in normal functions, pathological hypoxia is harmful as it exacerbates inflammatory responses and tissue dysfunction and is a hallmark of many cancers. In this review, we discuss the role of gut and liver hypoxia-induced signaling, primarily focusing on HIFs, in the physiology and pathobiology of gut and liver diseases. Additionally, we examine the function of HIFs in various cell types during gut and liver diseases, beyond intestinal epithelial and hepatocyte HIFs. This review highlights the importance of understanding hypoxia-induced signaling in the pathogenesis of gut and liver diseases and emphasizes the potential of HIFs as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumeet Solanki
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA;
| | - Yatrik M Shah
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA;
- University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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9
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Fagundes RR, Bravo-Ruiseco G, Hu S, Kierans SJ, Weersma RK, Taylor CT, Dijkstra G, Harmsen HJM, Faber KN. Faecalibacterium prausnitzii promotes intestinal epithelial IL-18 production through activation of the HIF1α pathway. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1298304. [PMID: 38163085 PMCID: PMC10755969 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1298304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Intestinal epithelial cells produce interleukin-18 (IL-18), a key factor in promoting epithelial barrier integrity. Here, we analyzed the potential role of gut bacteria and the hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) pathway in regulating mucosal IL18 expression in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Methods Mucosal samples from patients with IBD (n = 760) were analyzed for bacterial composition, IL18 levels and HIF1α pathway activation. Wild-type Caco-2 and CRISPR/Cas9-engineered Caco-2-HIF1A-null cells were cocultured with Faecalibacterium prausnitzii in a "Human oxygen-Bacteria anaerobic" in vitro system and analyzed by RNA sequencing. Results Mucosal IL18 mRNA levels correlated positively with the abundance of mucosal-associated butyrate-producing bacteria, in particular F. prausnitzii, and with HIF1α pathway activation in patients with IBD. HIF1α-mediated expression of IL18, either by a pharmacological agonist (dimethyloxallyl glycine) or F. prausnitzii, was abrogated in Caco-2-HIF1A-null cells. Conclusion Butyrate-producing gut bacteria like F. prausnitzii regulate mucosal IL18 expression in a HIF1α-dependent manner that may aid in mucosal healing in IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael R. Fagundes
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Gabriela Bravo-Ruiseco
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Shixian Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Sarah J. Kierans
- School of Medicine and Medical Science and the Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Rinse K. Weersma
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Cormac T. Taylor
- School of Medicine and Medical Science and the Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gerard Dijkstra
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Hermie J. M. Harmsen
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Klaas Nico Faber
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
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10
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Hall CHT, Lanis JM, Dowdell AS, Murphy EM, Bhagavatula G, Neuhart RM, Vijaya Sai KY, Colgan SP. Fundamental role for the creatine kinase pathway in protection from murine colitis. Mucosal Immunol 2023; 16:817-825. [PMID: 37716510 DOI: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2023.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory diseases of the digestive tract, including inflammatory bowel disease, cause metabolic stress within mucosal tissue. Creatine is a key energetic regulator. We previously reported a loss of creatine kinases (CKs) and the creatine transporter expression in inflammatory bowel disease patient intestinal biopsy samples and that creatine supplementation was protective in a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) colitis mouse model. In the present studies, we evaluated the role of CK loss in active inflammation using the DSS colitis model. Mice lacking expression of CK brain type/CK mitochondrial form (CKdKO) showed increased susceptibility to DSS colitis (weight loss, disease activity, permeability, colon length, and histology). In a broad cytokine profiling, CKdKO mice expressed near absent interferon gamma (IFN-γ) levels. We identified losses in IFN-γ production from CD4+ and CD8+ T cells isolated from CKdKO mice. Addback of IFN-γ during DSS treatment resulted in partial protection for CKdKO mice. Extensions of these studies identified basal stabilization of the transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor in CKdKO splenocytes and pharmacological stabilization of hypoxia-inducible factor resulted in reduced IFN-γ production by control splenocytes. Thus, the loss of IFN-γ production by CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in CKdKO mice resulted in increased colitis susceptibility and indicates that CK is protective in active mucosal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline H T Hall
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children's Hospital Colorado and University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mucosal Inflammation Program and University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Jordi M Lanis
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mucosal Inflammation Program and University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA; Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Alexander S Dowdell
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mucosal Inflammation Program and University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA; Rocky Mountain Veterans Hospital, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Emily M Murphy
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children's Hospital Colorado and University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mucosal Inflammation Program and University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Geetha Bhagavatula
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children's Hospital Colorado and University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mucosal Inflammation Program and University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Rane M Neuhart
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children's Hospital Colorado and University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mucosal Inflammation Program and University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Kiranmayee Yenugudhati Vijaya Sai
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mucosal Inflammation Program and University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA; Rocky Mountain Veterans Hospital, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Sean P Colgan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mucosal Inflammation Program and University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA; Rocky Mountain Veterans Hospital, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
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11
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Noto JM, Piazuelo MB, Romero-Gallo J, Delgado AG, Suarez G, Akritidou K, Girod Hoffman M, Roa JC, Taylor CT, Peek RM. Targeting hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha suppresses Helicobacter pylori-induced gastric injury via attenuation of both cag-mediated microbial virulence and proinflammatory host responses. Gut Microbes 2023; 15:2263936. [PMID: 37828903 PMCID: PMC10578190 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2263936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori-induced inflammation is the strongest known risk factor for gastric adenocarcinoma. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1α) is a key transcriptional regulator of immunity and carcinogenesis. To examine the role of this mediator within the context of H. pylori-induced injury, we first demonstrated that HIF-1α levels were significantly increased in parallel with the severity of gastric lesions in humans. In interventional studies targeting HIF-1α, H. pylori-infected mice were treated ± dimethyloxalylglycine (DMOG), a prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor that stabilizes HIF-1α. H. pylori significantly increased proinflammatory chemokines/cytokines and inflammation in vehicle-treated mice; however, this was significantly attenuated in DMOG-treated mice. DMOG treatment also significantly decreased function of the H. pylori type IV secretion system (T4SS) in vivo and significantly reduced T4SS-mediated NF-κB activation and IL-8 induction in vitro. These results suggest that prolyl hydroxylase inhibition protects against H. pylori-mediated pathologic responses, and is mediated, in part, via attenuation of H. pylori cag-mediated virulence and suppression of host proinflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer M. Noto
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - M. Blanca Piazuelo
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Judith Romero-Gallo
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Alberto G. Delgado
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Giovanni Suarez
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | | | - Juan Carlos Roa
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Center for Cancer Prevention and Control (CECAN), Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cormac T. Taylor
- School of Medicine, Systems Biology Ireland and The Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Richard M. Peek
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
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12
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Malkov MI, Flood D, Taylor CT. SUMOylation indirectly suppresses activity of the HIF-1α pathway in intestinal epithelial cells. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105280. [PMID: 37742924 PMCID: PMC10616383 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) is a master regulator of the cellular transcriptional response to hypoxia. While the oxygen-sensitive regulation of HIF-1α subunit stability via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway has been well described, less is known about how other oxygen-independent post-translational modifications impact the HIF pathway. SUMOylation, the attachment of SUMO (small ubiquitin-like modifier) proteins to a target protein, regulates the HIF pathway, although the impact of SUMO on HIF activity remains controversial. Here, we examined the effects of SUMOylation on the expression pattern of HIF-1α in response to pan-hydroxylase inhibitor dimethyloxalylglycine (DMOG) in intestinal epithelial cells. We evaluated the effects of SUMO-1, SUMO-2, and SUMO-3 overexpression and inhibition of SUMOylation using a novel selective inhibitor of the SUMO pathway, TAK-981, on the sensitivity of HIF-1α in Caco-2 intestinal epithelial cells. Our findings demonstrate that treatment with TAK-981 decreases global SUMO-1 and SUMO-2/3 modification and enhances HIF-1α protein levels, whereas SUMO-1 and SUMO-2/3 overexpression results in decreased HIF-1α protein levels in response to DMOG. Reporter assay analysis demonstrates reduced HIF-1α transcriptional activity in cells overexpressing SUMO-1 and SUMO-2/3, whereas pretreatment with TAK-981 increased HIF-1α transcriptional activity in response to DMOG. In addition, HIF-1α nuclear accumulation was decreased in cells overexpressing SUMO-1. Importantly, we showed that HIF-1α is not directly SUMOylated, but that SUMOylation affects HIF-1α stability and activity indirectly. Taken together, our results indicate that SUMOylation indirectly suppresses HIF-1α protein stability, transcriptional activity, and nuclear accumulation in intestinal epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mykyta I Malkov
- Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research and School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Ireland
| | - Darragh Flood
- Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research and School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Ireland
| | - Cormac T Taylor
- Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research and School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Ireland.
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13
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Liu W, Fan X, Jian B, Wen D, Wang H, Liu Z, Li B. The signaling pathway of hypoxia inducible factor in regulating gut homeostasis. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1289102. [PMID: 37965556 PMCID: PMC10641782 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1289102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia represent a condition in which an adequate amount of oxygen supply is missing in the body, and it could be caused by a variety of diseases, including gastrointestinal disorders. This review is focused on the role of hypoxia in the maintenance of the gut homeostasis and related treatment of gastrointestinal disorders. The effects of hypoxia on the gut microbiome and its role on the intestinal barrier functionality are also covered, together with the potential role of hypoxia in the development of gastrointestinal disorders, including inflammatory bowel disease and irritable bowel syndrome. Finally, we discussed the potential of hypoxia-targeted interventions as a novel therapeutic approach for gastrointestinal disorders. In this review, we highlighted the importance of hypoxia in the maintenance of the gut homeostasis and the potential implications for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lhasa, China
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xueni Fan
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lhasa, China
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Boshuo Jian
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Dongxu Wen
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lhasa, China
| | - Hongzhuang Wang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lhasa, China
| | - Zhenjiang Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Bin Li
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lhasa, China
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14
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Rivera KR, Bliton RJ, Burclaff J, Czerwinski MJ, Liu J, Trueblood JM, Hinesley CM, Breau KA, Deal HE, Joshi S, Pozdin VA, Yao M, Ziegler AL, Blikslager AT, Daniele MA, Magness ST. Hypoxia Primes Human ISCs for Interleukin-Dependent Rescue of Stem Cell Activity. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 16:823-846. [PMID: 37562653 PMCID: PMC10520368 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2023.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Hypoxia in the intestinal epithelium can be caused by acute ischemic events or chronic inflammation in which immune cell infiltration produces inflammatory hypoxia starving the mucosa of oxygen. The epithelium has the capacity to regenerate after some ischemic and inflammatory conditions suggesting that intestinal stem cells (ISCs) are highly tolerant to acute and chronic hypoxia; however, the impact of hypoxia on human ISC (hISC) function has not been reported. Here we present a new microphysiological system (MPS) to investigate how hypoxia affects hISCs from healthy donors and test the hypothesis that prolonged hypoxia modulates how hISCs respond to inflammation-associated interleukins (ILs). METHODS hISCs were exposed to <1.0% oxygen in the MPS for 6, 24, 48, and 72 hours. Viability, hypoxia-inducible factor 1a (HIF1a) response, transcriptomics, cell cycle dynamics, and response to cytokines were evaluated in hISCs under hypoxia. HIF stabilizers and inhibitors were screened to evaluate HIF-dependent responses. RESULTS The MPS enables precise, real-time control and monitoring of oxygen levels at the cell surface. Under hypoxia, hISCs maintain viability until 72 hours and exhibit peak HIF1a at 24 hours. hISC activity was reduced at 24 hours but recovered at 48 hours. Hypoxia induced increases in the proportion of hISCs in G1 and expression changes in 16 IL receptors. Prolyl hydroxylase inhibition failed to reproduce hypoxia-dependent IL-receptor expression patterns. hISC activity increased when treated IL1β, IL2, IL4, IL6, IL10, IL13, and IL25 and rescued hISC activity caused by 24 hours of hypoxia. CONCLUSIONS Hypoxia pushes hISCs into a dormant but reversible proliferative state and primes hISCs to respond to a subset of ILs that preserves hISC activity. These findings have important implications for understanding intestinal epithelial regeneration mechanisms caused by inflammatory hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina R Rivera
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - R Jarrett Bliton
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Joseph Burclaff
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Michael J Czerwinski
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Jintong Liu
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Jessica M Trueblood
- Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Caroline M Hinesley
- Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Keith A Breau
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Halston E Deal
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Shlok Joshi
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Vladimir A Pozdin
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Ming Yao
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Amanda L Ziegler
- Comparative Medicine Institute, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Anthony T Blikslager
- Comparative Medicine Institute, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Michael A Daniele
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Raleigh, North Carolina; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Scott T Magness
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Raleigh, North Carolina; Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
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15
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Cheng MI, Hong L, Chen B, Chin S, Luthers CR, Bustillos C, Sheikh SZ, Su MA. Hypoxia-sensing by the Histone Demethylase UTX ( KDM6A ) Controls Colitogenic CD4 + T cell Fate and Mucosal Inflammation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.07.27.550746. [PMID: 37546969 PMCID: PMC10402149 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.27.550746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia is a feature of inflammatory conditions [e.g., inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)] and can exacerbate tissue damage in these diseases. To counteract hypoxia's deleterious effects, adaptive responses have evolved which protect against hypoxia-associated tissue injury. To date, much attention has focused on hypoxia-activated HIF (hypoxia-inducible factor) transcription factors in these responses. However, recent work has identified epigenetic regulators that are also oxygen-sensitive, but their role in adaptation to hypoxic inflammation is currently unclear. Here, we show that the oxygen-sensing epigenetic regulator UTX is a critical modulator of colitis severity. Unlike HIF transcription factors that act on gut epithelial cells, UTX functions in colitis through its effects on immune cells. Hypoxia results in decreased CD4 + T cell IFN-γ production and increased CD4 + regulatory T cells, and these findings are recapitulated by T cell-specific UTX deficiency. Hypoxia impairs the histone demethylase activity of UTX, and loss of UTX function leads to accumulation of repressive H3K27me3 epigenetic marks at IL12/STAT4 pathway genes ( Il12rb2, Tbx21, and Ifng ). In a colitis mouse model, T cell-specific UTX deletion ameliorates colonic inflammation, protects against weight loss, and increases survival. Together these findings implicate UTX's oxygen-sensitive histone demethylase activity in mediating protective, hypoxia-induced pathways in colitis.
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16
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Lombardi F, Augello FR, Palumbo P, Bonfili L, Artone S, Altamura S, Sheldon JM, Latella G, Cifone MG, Eleuteri AM, Cinque B. Bacterial Lysate from the Multi-Strain Probiotic SLAB51 Triggers Adaptative Responses to Hypoxia in Human Caco-2 Intestinal Epithelial Cells under Normoxic Conditions and Attenuates LPS-Induced Inflammatory Response. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098134. [PMID: 37175841 PMCID: PMC10179068 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), a central player in maintaining gut-microbiota homeostasis, plays a pivotal role in inducing adaptive mechanisms to hypoxia and is negatively regulated by prolyl hydroxylase 2 (PHD2). HIF-1α is stabilized through PI3K/AKT signaling regardless of oxygen levels. Considering the crucial role of the HIF pathway in intestinal mucosal physiology and its relationships with gut microbiota, this study aimed to evaluate the ability of the lysate from the multi-strain probiotic formulation SLAB51 to affect the HIF pathway in a model of in vitro human intestinal epithelium (intestinal epithelial cells, IECs) and to protect from lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge. The exposure of IECs to SLAB51 lysate under normoxic conditions led to a dose-dependent increase in HIF-1α protein levels, which was associated with higher glycolytic metabolism and L-lactate production. Probiotic lysate significantly reduced PHD2 levels and HIF-1α hydroxylation, thus leading to HIF-1α stabilization. The ability of SLAB51 lysate to increase HIF-1α levels was also associated with the activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway and with the inhibition of NF-κB, nitric oxide synthase 2 (NOS2), and IL-1β increase elicited by LPS treatment. Our results suggest that the probiotic treatment, by stabilizing HIF-1α, can protect from an LPS-induced inflammatory response through a mechanism involving PI3K/AKT signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Lombardi
- Department of Life, Health & Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | | | - Paola Palumbo
- Department of Life, Health & Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Laura Bonfili
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Serena Artone
- Department of Life, Health & Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Serena Altamura
- Department of Life, Health & Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Jenna Marie Sheldon
- Dr. Kiran C Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33314-7796, USA
| | - Giovanni Latella
- Department of Life, Health & Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Cifone
- Department of Life, Health & Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Eleuteri
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Benedetta Cinque
- Department of Life, Health & Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
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17
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Kim J, Hlaing SP, Lee J, Kwak D, Kim H, Saparbayeva A, Yoon I, Im E, Jung Y, Yoo J. pH-sustaining nanostructured hydroxyapatite/alginate composite hydrogel for gastric protection and intestinal release of Lactobacillus rhamnosusGG. Bioeng Transl Med 2023; 8:e10527. [PMID: 37206214 PMCID: PMC10189427 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiome is closely linked to gastrointestinal health and disease status. Oral administration of known probiotic strains is now considered a promising therapeutic strategy, especially for refractory diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease. In this study, we developed a nanostructured hydroxyapatite/alginate (HAp/Alg) composite hydrogel that protects its encapsulated probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) by neutralizing hydrogen ions that penetrate the hydrogel in a stomach without inhibiting LGG release in an intestine. Surface and transection analyses of the hydrogel revealed characteristic patterns of crystallization and composite-layer formation. TEM revealed the dispersal of the nanosized HAp crystals and encapsulated LGG in the Alg hydrogel networks. The HAp/Alg composite hydrogel maintained its internal microenvironmental pH, thereby enabling the LGG to survive for substantially longer. At intestinal pH, the encapsulated LGG was completely released upon disintegration of the composite hydrogel. In a dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis mouse model, we then assessed the therapeutic effect of the LGG-encapsulating hydrogel. This achieved intestinal delivery of LGG with minimal loss of enzymatic function and viability, ameliorating colitis by reducing epithelial damage, submucosal edema, inflammatory cell infiltration, and the number of goblet cells. These findings reveal the HAp/Alg composite hydrogel as a promising intestinal-delivery platform for live microorganisms including probiotics and live biotherapeutic products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihyun Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug DevelopmentPusan National UniversityBusanSouth Korea
| | - Shwe Phyu Hlaing
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug DevelopmentPusan National UniversityBusanSouth Korea
| | - Juho Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug DevelopmentPusan National UniversityBusanSouth Korea
| | - Dongmin Kwak
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug DevelopmentPusan National UniversityBusanSouth Korea
| | - Hyunwoo Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug DevelopmentPusan National UniversityBusanSouth Korea
| | - Aruzhan Saparbayeva
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug DevelopmentPusan National UniversityBusanSouth Korea
| | - In‐Soo Yoon
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug DevelopmentPusan National UniversityBusanSouth Korea
| | - Eunok Im
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug DevelopmentPusan National UniversityBusanSouth Korea
| | - Yunjin Jung
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug DevelopmentPusan National UniversityBusanSouth Korea
| | - Jin‐Wook Yoo
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug DevelopmentPusan National UniversityBusanSouth Korea
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18
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Roxadustat protect mice from DSS-induced colitis in vivo by up-regulation of TLR4. Genomics 2023; 115:110585. [PMID: 36801437 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2023.110585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is growing in the population. At present, the etiology of inflammatory bowel disease remains unclear, and there is no effective and low-toxic therapeutic drug. The role of the PHD-HIF pathway in relieving DSS-induced colitis is gradually being explored. METHODS Wild-type C57BL/6 mice were used as a model of DSS-induced colitis to explore the important role of Roxadustat in alleviating DSS-induced colitis. High-throughput RNA-Seq and qRT-PCR methods were used to screen and verify the key differential genes in the colon of mice between normal saline (NS) and Roxadustat groups. RESULTS Roxadustat could alleviate DSS-induced colitis. Compared with the mice in the NS group, TLR4 were significantly up-regulated in the Roxadustat group. TLR4 KO mice were used to verify the role of TLR4 in the alleviation of DSS-induced colitis by Roxadustat. CONCLUSION Roxadustat has a repairing effect on DSS-induced colitis, and may alleviate DSS-induced colitis by targeting the TLR4 pathway and promote intestinal stem cell proliferation.
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19
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Wang P, Li T, Niu C, Sun S, Liu D. ROS-activated MAPK/ERK pathway regulates crosstalk between Nrf2 and Hif-1α to promote IL-17D expression protecting the intestinal epithelial barrier under hyperoxia. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 116:109763. [PMID: 36736221 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.109763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) damage to the intestinal barrier is a side effect of prolonged hyperoxia therapy in neonates, which impairs growth and development of the intestine and promotes intestinal diseases. However, the research on clinical prevention and treatment is lacking. Therefore, we investigated the molecular mechanisms of the neonate intestinal response against hyperoxia-derived ROS to find targets for intestinal barrier damage prevention. Human intestinal epithelial cells were incubated under hyperoxia (85% oxygen) to build an in vitro model. ROS and the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway were inhibited to detect the MAPK/ERK pathway, nuclear factor erythroid factor 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (Hif-1α), and interleukin-17D (IL-17D) expression. Nrf2 was inhibited to detect Hif-1α and IL-17D expression. Hif-1α was inhibited to detect Nrf2, IL-17D, and tight junction proteins expression and apoptosis. Cells were treated with human recombinant IL-17D to detect TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-10, and tight junction proteins expression. ROS, Nrf2, Hif-1α, and IL-17D were upregulated and the MAPK/ERK pathway was activated under hyperoxia. But ROS inhibition downregulated the MAPK/ERK pathway, Nrf2, Hif-1α, and IL-17D. MAPK/ERK pathway inhibition downregulated Nrf2, Hif-1α, and IL-17D. Nrf2 inhibition downregulated Hif-1α and IL-17D. Hif-1α inhibition downregulated Nrf2, IL-17D, tight junction proteins, and exacerbated apoptosis. The recombinant IL-17D downregulated TNF-α, IL-1β, but upregulated IL-10 and tight junction proteins. We concluded that Hyperoxia-generated ROS activated the MAPK/ERK pathway to regulate Nrf2, Hif-1α, and IL-17D expression. Nrf2 and Hif-1α were interdependent and promoted IL-17D. Importantly, Hif-1α and IL-17D expression protected the intestinal epithelial barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingchuan Wang
- ShengJing Hospital of China Medical University, Department of Gastroenterology and Medical Research Center, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Research and Application of Animal Models for Environmental and Metabolic Diseases, SanHao Street No.36, HePing District, ShenYang, Liaoning 110000, China
| | - Tianming Li
- ShengJing Hospital of China Medical University, Department of Gastroenterology and Medical Research Center, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Research and Application of Animal Models for Environmental and Metabolic Diseases, SanHao Street No.36, HePing District, ShenYang, Liaoning 110000, China
| | - Changping Niu
- ShengJing Hospital of China Medical University, Department of Gastroenterology and Medical Research Center, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Research and Application of Animal Models for Environmental and Metabolic Diseases, SanHao Street No.36, HePing District, ShenYang, Liaoning 110000, China
| | - Siyu Sun
- ShengJing Hospital of China Medical University, Department of Gastroenterology, SanHao Street No.36, HePing District, ShenYang, Liaoning 110000, China
| | - Dongyan Liu
- ShengJing Hospital of China Medical University, Department of Gastroenterology and Medical Research Center, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Research and Application of Animal Models for Environmental and Metabolic Diseases, SanHao Street No.36, HePing District, ShenYang, Liaoning 110000, China.
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20
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Cartwright IM, Colgan SP. The hypoxic tissue microenvironment as a driver of mucosal inflammatory resolution. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1124774. [PMID: 36742292 PMCID: PMC9890178 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1124774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
On the backdrop of all acute inflammatory processes lies the activation of the resolution response. Recent years have witnessed an emerging interest in defining molecular factors that influence the resolution of inflammation. A keystone feature of the mucosal inflammatory microenvironment is hypoxia. The gastrointestinal tract, particularly the colon, exists in a state of physiological hypoxia and during active inflammation, this hypoxic state is enhanced as a result of infiltrating leukocyte oxygen consumption and the activation of oxygen consuming enzymes. Most evidence suggests that mucosal hypoxia promotes the active resolution of inflammation through a variety of mechanisms, including extracellular acidification, purine biosynthesis/salvage, the generation of specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators (ie. resolvins) and altered chemokine/cytokine expression. It is now appreciated that infiltrating innate immune cells (neutrophils, eosinophils, macrophages) have an important role in molding the tissue microenvironment to program an active resolution response. Structural or functional dysregulation of this inflammatory microenvironment can result in the loss of tissue homeostasis and ultimately progression toward chronicity. In this review, we will discuss how inflammatory hypoxia drives mucosal inflammatory resolution and its impact on other microenvironmental factors that influence resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian M. Cartwright
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
- Rocky Mountain Regional Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Sean P. Colgan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
- Rocky Mountain Regional Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Aurora, CO, United States
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21
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Bourgonje AR, Kloska D, Grochot-Przęczek A, Feelisch M, Cuadrado A, van Goor H. Personalized redox medicine in inflammatory bowel diseases: an emerging role for HIF-1α and NRF2 as therapeutic targets. Redox Biol 2023; 60:102603. [PMID: 36634466 PMCID: PMC9841059 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), encompassing Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), are intimately associated with inflammation and overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Temporal and inter-individual variabilities in disease activity and response to therapy pose significant challenges to diagnosis and patient care. Discovery and validation of truly integrative biomarkers would benefit from embracing redox metabolomics approaches with prioritization of central regulatory hubs. We here make a case for applying a personalized redox medicine approach that aims to selectively inhibit pathological overproduction and/or altered expression of specific enzymatic sources of ROS without compromising physiological function. To this end, improved 'clinical-omics integration' may help to better understand which particular redox signaling pathways are disrupted in what patient. Pharmacological interventions capable of activating endogenous antioxidant defense systems may represent viable therapeutic options to restore local/systemic redox status, with HIF-1α and NRF2 holding particular promise in this context. Achieving the implementation of clinically meaningful mechanism-based biomarkers requires development of easy-to-use, robust and cost-effective tools for secure diagnosis and monitoring of treatment efficacy. Ultimately, matching redox-directed pharmacological interventions to individual patient phenotypes using predictive biomarkers may offer new opportunities to break the therapeutic ceiling in IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arno R. Bourgonje
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands,Corresponding author.
| | - Damian Kloska
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Anna Grochot-Przęczek
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Martin Feelisch
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Antonio Cuadrado
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” UAM-CSIC. Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Harry van Goor
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
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22
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Han Y, Jia R, Zhang J, Zhu Q, Wang X, Ji Q, Zhang W. Hypoxia Attenuates Colonic Innate Immune Response and Inhibits TLR4/NF-κB Signaling Pathway in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Colonic Epithelial Injury Mice. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2023; 43:43-52. [PMID: 36603105 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2022.0194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
High altitude hypoxia can lead to a spectrum of gastrointestinal problems. As the first line of host immune defense, innate immune response in the intestinal mucosa plays a pivotal role in maintaining intestinal homeostasis and protecting against intestinal injury at high altitude. This study aimed to investigate the effect of hypoxia on the colonic mucosal barrier and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-mediated innate immune responses in the colon. The mice were exposed to a hypobaric chamber to simulate a 5,000 m plateau environment for 7 days, and the colonic mucosa changes were recorded. At the same time, the inflammation model was established by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to explore the effects of hypoxia on the TLR4/nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway and its downstream inflammatory factors [tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and interferon (IFN)-γ] in the colon. We found that hypoxic exposure caused weight loss and structural disturbance of the colonic mucosa in mice. Compared with the control group, the protein levels of TLR4 [fold change (FC) = 0.75 versus FC = 0.23], MyD88 (FC = 0.80 versus FC = 0.30), TIR-domain-containing adaptor protein inducing interferon-β (TRIF: FC = 0.89 versus FC = 0.38), and NF-κB p65 (FC = 0.75 versus FC = 0.24) in the colon of mice in the hypobaric hypoxia group were significantly decreased. LPS-induced upregulation of the TLR4/NF-κB signaling and its downstream inflammatory factors was inhibited by hypoxia. Specifically, compared with the LPS group, the protein levels of TLR4 (FC = 1.18, FC = 0.86), MyD88 (FC = 1.20, FC = 0.80), TRIF (FC = 1.20, FC = 0.86), and NF-κB p65 (FC = 1.29, FC = 0.62) and the mRNA levels of IL-1β (FC = 7.38, FC = 5.06), IL-6 (FC = 16.06, FC = 9.22), and IFN-γ (FC = 2.01, FC = 1.16) were reduced in the hypobaric hypoxia plus LPS group. Our findings imply that hypoxia could lead to marked damage of the colonic mucosa and a reduction of TLR4-mediated colonic innate immune responses, potentially reducing host defense responses to colonic pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Han
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Application and Foundation for High Altitude Medicine Research in Qinghai Province (Qinghai-Utah Joint Research Key Lab for High Altitude Medicine), Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Ruhan Jia
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Application and Foundation for High Altitude Medicine Research in Qinghai Province (Qinghai-Utah Joint Research Key Lab for High Altitude Medicine), Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Jingxuan Zhang
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Application and Foundation for High Altitude Medicine Research in Qinghai Province (Qinghai-Utah Joint Research Key Lab for High Altitude Medicine), Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Qinfang Zhu
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Application and Foundation for High Altitude Medicine Research in Qinghai Province (Qinghai-Utah Joint Research Key Lab for High Altitude Medicine), Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Xiaozhou Wang
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Application and Foundation for High Altitude Medicine Research in Qinghai Province (Qinghai-Utah Joint Research Key Lab for High Altitude Medicine), Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Qiaorong Ji
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Application and Foundation for High Altitude Medicine Research in Qinghai Province (Qinghai-Utah Joint Research Key Lab for High Altitude Medicine), Qinghai University, Xining, China
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23
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Lun J, Zhang H, Guo J, Yu M, Fang J. Hypoxia inducible factor prolyl hydroxylases in inflammatory bowel disease. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1045997. [PMID: 37201028 PMCID: PMC10187758 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1045997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic disease that is characterized by intestinal inflammation. Epithelial damage and loss of intestinal barrier function are believed to be the hallmark pathologies of the disease. In IBD, the resident and infiltrating immune cells consume much oxygen, rendering the inflamed intestinal mucosa hypoxic. In hypoxia, the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) is induced to cope with the lack of oxygen and protect intestinal barrier. Protein stability of HIF is tightly controlled by prolyl hydroxylases (PHDs). Stabilization of HIF through inhibition of PHDs is appearing as a new strategy of IBD treatment. Studies have shown that PHD-targeting is beneficial to the treatment of IBD. In this Review, we summarize the current understanding of the role of HIF and PHDs in IBD and discuss the therapeutic potential of targeting PHD-HIF pathway for IBD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Lun
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hongwei Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, China
| | - Jing Guo
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Mengchao Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Jing Fang
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- *Correspondence: Jing Fang,
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24
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Kennel KB, Burmeister J, Radhakrishnan P, Giese NA, Giese T, Salfenmoser M, Gebhardt JM, Strowitzki MJ, Taylor CT, Wielockx B, Schneider M, Harnoss JM. The HIF-prolyl hydroxylases have distinct and nonredundant roles in colitis-associated cancer. JCI Insight 2022; 7:153337. [PMID: 36509284 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.153337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) is a severe complication of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). HIF-prolyl hydroxylases (PHD1, PHD2, and PHD3) control cellular adaptation to hypoxia and are considered promising therapeutic targets in IBD. However, their relevance in the pathogenesis of CAC remains elusive. We induced CAC in Phd1-/-, Phd2+/-, Phd3-/-, and WT mice with azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sodium sulfate (DSS). Phd1-/- mice were protected against chronic colitis and displayed diminished CAC growth compared with WT mice. In Phd3-/- mice, colitis activity and CAC growth remained unaltered. In Phd2+/- mice, colitis activity was unaffected, but CAC growth was aggravated. Mechanistically, Phd2 deficiency (i) increased the number of tumor-associated macrophages in AOM/DSS-induced tumors, (ii) promoted the expression of EGFR ligand epiregulin in macrophages, and (iii) augmented the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 signaling, which at least in part contributed to aggravated tumor cell proliferation in colitis-associated tumors. Consistently, Phd2 deficiency in hematopoietic (Vav:Cre-Phd2fl/fl) but not in intestinal epithelial cells (Villin:Cre-Phd2fl/fl) increased CAC growth. In conclusion, the 3 different PHD isoenzymes have distinct and nonredundant effects, promoting (PHD1), diminishing (PHD2), or neutral (PHD3), on CAC growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kilian B Kennel
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery and
| | | | | | | | - Thomas Giese
- Institute of Immunology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Cormac T Taylor
- School of Medicine, Systems Biology Ireland, and the Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ben Wielockx
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany
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25
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Xu YR, Wang AL, Li YQ. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha is a driving mechanism linking chronic obstructive pulmonary disease to lung cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:984525. [PMID: 36338690 PMCID: PMC9634253 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.984525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), irrespective of their smoking history, are more likely to develop lung cancer than the general population. This is mainly because COPD is characterized by chronic persistent inflammation and hypoxia, which are the risk factors for lung cancer. However, the mechanisms underlying this observation are still unknown. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α) plays an important role in the crosstalk that exists between inflammation and hypoxia. Furthermore, HIF-1α is the main regulator of somatic adaptation to hypoxia and is highly expressed in hypoxic environments. In this review, we discuss the molecular aspects of the crosstalk between hypoxia and inflammation, showing that HIF-1α is an important signaling pathway that drives COPD progression to lung cancer. Here, we also provide an overview of HIF-1α and its principal regulatory mechanisms, briefly describe HIF-1α-targeted therapy in lung cancer, and summarize substances that may be used to target HIF-1α at the level of COPD-induced inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-rui Xu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - An-long Wang
- Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ya-qing Li
- Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- *Correspondence: Ya-qing Li,
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26
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Hyaluronic Acid-Conjugated PLGA Nanoparticles Alleviate Ulcerative Colitis via CD44-Mediated Dual Targeting to Inflamed Colitis Tissue and Macrophages. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14102118. [PMID: 36297553 PMCID: PMC9612393 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14102118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Although various local anti-inflammatory therapies for ulcerative colitis have been developed, rapid drug elimination from inflamed colitis tissue and off-target side effects reduce their therapeutic efficacy. In this study, we synthesized curcumin (Cur)-loaded hyaluronic acid (HA)-conjugated nanoparticles (Cur-HA-PLGA-NPs) that target inflamed colitis tissue via HA-CD44 interaction with resident colonic epithelial cells and subsequently target activated macrophages for ulcerative colitis therapy. The synthesized spherical Cur-HA-PLGA-NPs showed physicochemical properties similar to those of non-HA-conjugated Cur-PLGA-NPs. HA-PLGA-NPs exhibited selective accumulation in inflamed colitis tissue with minimal accumulation in healthy colon tissue. HA functionalization enhanced targeted drug delivery to intestinal macrophages, significantly increasing HA-PLGA-NP cellular uptake. Importantly, the rectal administration of Cur-HA-PLGA-NPs exhibited better therapeutic efficacy than Cur-PLGA-NPs in animal studies. Histological examination revealed that Cur-HA-PLGA-NPs reduced inflammation with less inflammatory cell infiltration and accelerated recovery with re-epithelialization signs. Our results suggest that Cur-HA-PLGA-NPs are a promising delivery platform for treating ulcerative colitis.
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27
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Dowdell AS, Cartwright IM, Kitzenberg DA, Kostelecky RE, Mahjoob O, Saeedi BJ, Welch N, Glover LE, Colgan SP. Essential role for epithelial HIF-mediated xenophagy in control of Salmonella infection and dissemination. Cell Rep 2022; 40:111409. [PMID: 36170839 PMCID: PMC9553003 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The intestinal mucosa exists in a state of “physiologic hypoxia,” where oxygen tensions are markedly lower than those in other tissues. Intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) have evolved to maintain homeostasis in this austere environment through oxygen-sensitive transcription factors, including hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs). Using an unbiased chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) screen for HIF-1 targets, we identify autophagy as a major pathway induced by hypoxia in IECs. One important function of autophagy is to defend against intracellular pathogens, termed “xenophagy.” Analysis reveals that HIF is a central regulator of autophagy and that in vitro infection of IECs with Salmonella Typhimurium results in induction of HIF transcriptional activity that tracks with the clearance of intracellular Salmonella. Work in vivo demonstrates that IEC-specific deletion of HIF compromises xenophagy and exacerbates bacterial dissemination. These results reveal that the interaction between hypoxia, HIF, and xenophagy is an essential innate immune component for the control of intracellular pathogens. Dowdell et al. show that hypoxia, through stabilization of HIF-1α, activates autophagy in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs). Further, the model invasive bacterium Salmonella Typhimurium stabilizes HIF in IECs to trigger anti-bacterial autophagy (xenophagy). This mechanism demonstrates an essential mucosal innate immune response for control of invasive pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander S Dowdell
- Mucosal Inflammation Program and Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA; Rocky Mountain Veterans Hospital, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Ian M Cartwright
- Mucosal Inflammation Program and Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA; Rocky Mountain Veterans Hospital, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - David A Kitzenberg
- Mucosal Inflammation Program and Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Rachael E Kostelecky
- Mucosal Inflammation Program and Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Omemh Mahjoob
- Mucosal Inflammation Program and Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Bejan J Saeedi
- Mucosal Inflammation Program and Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Nichole Welch
- Mucosal Inflammation Program and Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Louise E Glover
- Mucosal Inflammation Program and Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA; School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sean P Colgan
- Mucosal Inflammation Program and Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA; Rocky Mountain Veterans Hospital, Aurora, CO, USA.
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28
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Tan Z, Wang L, Li X. Composition and regulation of the immune microenvironment of salivary gland in Sjögren’s syndrome. Front Immunol 2022; 13:967304. [PMID: 36177010 PMCID: PMC9513852 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.967304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS) is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by exocrine gland dysfunction and inflammation. Patients often have dry mouth and dry eye symptoms, which seriously affect their lives. Improving dry mouth and eye symptoms has become a common demand from patients. For this reason, researchers have conducted many studies on external secretory glands. In this paper, we summarize recent studies on the salivary glands of pSS patients from the perspective of the immune microenvironment. These studies showed that hypoxia, senescence, and chronic inflammation are the essential characteristics of the salivary gland immune microenvironment. In the SG of pSS, genes related to lymphocyte chemotaxis, antigen presentation, and lymphocyte activation are upregulated. Interferon (IFN)-related genes, DNA methylation, sRNA downregulation, and mitochondrial-related differentially expressed genes are also involved in forming the immune microenvironment of pSS, while multiple signaling pathways are involved in regulation. We further elucidated the regulation of the salivary gland immune microenvironment in pSS and relevant, targeted treatments.
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29
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Steiner CA, Cartwright IM, Taylor CT, Colgan SP. Hypoxia-inducible factor as a bridge between healthy barrier function, wound healing, and fibrosis. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2022; 323:C866-C878. [PMID: 35912990 PMCID: PMC9467472 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00227.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The healthy mammalian intestine is lined by a single layer of epithelial cells. These cells provide a selectively permeable barrier to luminal contents and normally do so in an efficient and effective manner. Barrier function in the healthy mucosa is provided via several mechanisms including epithelial junctional complexes, mucus production, as well as mucosal-derived antimicrobial proteins. As tissue metabolism is central to the maintenance of homeostasis in the mucosa, intestinal [Formula: see text] levels are uniquely low due to counter-current blood flow and the presence of the microbiota, resulting in the stabilization of the transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF). Ongoing studies have revealed that HIF molds normal intestinal metabolism and is central to the coordination of barrier regulation during both homeostasis and active disease. During acute inflammation, HIF is central to controlling the rapid restitution of the epithelium consistent with normal wound healing responses. In contrast, HIF may also contribute to the fibrostenotic response associated with chronic, nonresolving inflammation. As such, HIF may function as a double-edged sword in the overall course of the inflammatory response. Here, we review recent literature on the contribution of HIF to mucosal barrier function, wound healing, and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Calen A Steiner
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
- Department of Medicine and the Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Ian M Cartwright
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
- Department of Medicine and the Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
- Rocky Mountain Regional Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Cormac T Taylor
- School of Medicine, Conway Institute and Systems Biology Ireland, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sean P Colgan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
- Department of Medicine and the Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
- Rocky Mountain Regional Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Aurora, Colorado
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30
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Zhu X, Jiang L, Wei X, Long M, Du Y. Roxadustat: Not just for anemia. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:971795. [PMID: 36105189 PMCID: PMC9465375 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.971795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Roxadustat is a recently approved hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor that has demonstrated favorable safety and efficacy in the treatment of renal anemia. Recent studies found it also has potential for the treatment of other hypoxia-related diseases. Although clinical studies have not yet found significant adverse or off-target effects of roxadustat, clinicians must be vigilant about these possible effects. Hypoxia-inducible factor regulates the expression of many genes and physiological processes in response to a decreased level of oxygen, but its role in the pathogenesis of different diseases is complex and controversial. In addition to increasing the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor, roxadustat also has some effects that may be HIF-independent, indicating some potential off-target effects. This article reviews the pharmacological characteristics of roxadustat, its current status in the treatment of renal anemia, and its possible effects on other pathological mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Lili Jiang
- Physical Examination Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xuejiao Wei
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Mengtuan Long
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yujun Du
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- *Correspondence: Yujun Du,
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31
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Fets L, Bevan N, Nunes PM, Campos S, Dos Santos MS, Sherriff E, MacRae JI, House D, Anastasiou D. MOG analogues to explore the MCT2 pharmacophore, α-ketoglutarate biology and cellular effects of N-oxalylglycine. Commun Biol 2022; 5:877. [PMID: 36028752 PMCID: PMC9418262 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03805-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
α-ketoglutarate (αKG) is a central metabolic node with a broad influence on cellular physiology. The αKG analogue N-oxalylglycine (NOG) and its membrane-permeable pro-drug derivative dimethyl-oxalylglycine (DMOG) have been extensively used as tools to study prolyl hydroxylases (PHDs) and other αKG-dependent processes. In cell culture media, DMOG is rapidly converted to MOG, which enters cells through monocarboxylate transporter MCT2, leading to intracellular NOG concentrations that are sufficiently high to inhibit glutaminolysis enzymes and cause cytotoxicity. Therefore, the degree of (D)MOG instability together with MCT2 expression levels determine the intracellular targets NOG engages with and, ultimately, its effects on cell viability. Here we designed and characterised a series of MOG analogues with the aims of improving compound stability and exploring the functional requirements for interaction with MCT2, a relatively understudied member of the SLC16 family. We report MOG analogues that maintain ability to enter cells via MCT2, and identify compounds that do not inhibit glutaminolysis or cause cytotoxicity but can still inhibit PHDs. We use these analogues to show that, under our experimental conditions, glutaminolysis-induced activation of mTORC1 can be uncoupled from PHD activity. Therefore, these new compounds can help deconvolute cellular effects that result from the polypharmacological action of NOG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Fets
- Cancer Metabolism Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
- Drug Transport and Tumour Metabolism Lab, MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, London, UK
| | - Natalie Bevan
- Cancer Metabolism Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Patrícia M Nunes
- Cancer Metabolism Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | | | | | | | - James I MacRae
- Metabolomics Science Technology Platform, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
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Clayton DB, Tong CMC, Li B, Taylor AS, De S, Mason MD, Dudley AG, Davidoff O, Kobayashi H, Haase VH. Inhibition of hypoxia-inducible factor-prolyl hydroxylation protects from cyclophosphamide-induced bladder injury and urinary dysfunction. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2022; 323:F81-F91. [PMID: 35499237 PMCID: PMC9236868 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00344.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Disruption of the blood-urine barrier can result in acute or chronic inflammatory bladder injury. Activation of the oxygen-regulated hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) pathway has been shown to protect mucosal membranes by increasing the expression of cytoprotective genes and by suppressing inflammation. The activity of HIF is controlled by prolyl hydroxylase domain (PHD) dioxygenases, which have been exploited as therapeutic targets for the treatment of anemia of chronic kidney disease. Here, we established a mouse model of acute cyclophosphamide (CYP)-induced blood-urine barrier disruption associated with inflammation and severe urinary dysfunction to investigate the HIF-PHD axis in inflammatory bladder injury. We found that systemic administration of dimethyloxalylglycine or molidustat, two small-molecule inhibitors of HIF-prolyl hydroxylases, profoundly mitigated CYP-induced bladder injury and inflammation as assessed by morphological analysis of transmural edema and urothelial integrity and by measuring tissue cytokine expression. Void spot analysis to examine bladder function quantitatively demonstrated that HIF-prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor administration normalized micturition patterns and protected against CYP-induced alteration of urinary frequency and micturition patterns. Our study highlights the therapeutic potential of HIF-activating small-molecule compounds for the prevention or therapy of bladder injury and urinary dysfunction due to blood-urine barrier disruption.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Disruption of the blood-urine barrier can result in acute or chronic inflammatory bladder injury. Here, we demonstrate that pharmacological inhibition of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-prolyl hydroxylation prevented bladder injury and protected from urinary dysfunction in a mouse model of cyclophosphamide-induced disruption of the blood-urine barrier. Our study highlights a potential role for HIF-activating small-molecule compounds in the prevention or therapy of bladder injury and urinary dysfunction and provides a rationale for future clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglass B Clayton
- Division of Pediatric Urology, Department of Urology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Ching Man Carmen Tong
- Division of Pediatric Urology, Department of Urology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Belinda Li
- Division of Pediatric Urology, Department of Urology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Abby S Taylor
- Division of Pediatric Urology, Department of Urology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Shuvro De
- Division of Pediatric Urology, Department of Urology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Matthew D Mason
- Division of Pediatric Urology, Department of Urology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Anne G Dudley
- Division of Pediatric Urology, Department of Urology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Olena Davidoff
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Medical and Research Services, Department of Veterans Affairs Hospital, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Hanako Kobayashi
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Medical and Research Services, Department of Veterans Affairs Hospital, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Volker H Haase
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Medical and Research Services, Department of Veterans Affairs Hospital, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
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Fagundes RR, Bourgonje AR, Hu S, Barbieri R, Jansen BH, Sinnema N, Blokzijl T, Taylor CT, Weersma RK, Faber KN, Dijkstra G. HIF1α-Dependent Induction of TFRC by a Combination of Intestinal Inflammation and Systemic Iron Deficiency in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Front Physiol 2022; 13:889091. [PMID: 35755436 PMCID: PMC9214203 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.889091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims: Iron deficiency (ID) is a frequent extra-intestinal manifestation in patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), who often do not respond to iron supplementation. Iron is a cofactor for hydroxylases that suppress the hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF1α), a transcription factor regulating iron homeostasis. We hypothesized that iron deficiency affects mucosal HIF1α activity in IBD. Methods: IBD patients (n = 101) were subdivided based on iron status (ferritin levels or transferrin saturation) and systemic inflammation (C-reactive protein levels). 154 corresponding ileal and colonic biopsies were analyzed for differential expression of 20 HIF1α pathway-associated genes and related to iron and inflammation status. In vitro expression of selected HIF1α pathway genes were analyzed in wild-type and HIF1A-null Caco-2 cells. Results: Gene expression of the mucosal HIF1α pathway was most affected by intestinal location and inflammatory status. Especially, ileal mucosal TFRC expression, encoding the transferrin receptor TFR1, was increased in inflamed tissue (p < 0.001), and further enhanced in ID. Accordingly, TFRC expression in inflamed tissue associated negatively with serum iron levels, which was not observed in the non-inflamed mucosa. The HIF1α pathway agonist DMOG increased TFRC expression in Caco-2 cells, which was blunted in HIF1A-null cells. Conclusion: We demonstrate that inflammation and anatomical location primarily determine HIF1α pathway activation and downstream TFRC expression in the intestinal mucosa. IBD patients with ID may benefit from treatment with HIF1α-agonists by 1) increasing TFRC-mediated iron absorption in non-inflamed tissue and 2) decreasing mucosal inflammation, thereby improving their responsiveness to oral iron supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael R Fagundes
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Arno R Bourgonje
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Shixian Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Ruggero Barbieri
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Bernadien H Jansen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Nienke Sinnema
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Tjasso Blokzijl
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Cormac T Taylor
- School of Medicine and Medical Science and the Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Rinse K Weersma
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Klaas Nico Faber
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Gerard Dijkstra
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
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Wang Z, Yang H, Lv H, Huang C, Qian J. Vitamin D Receptor-Dependent Protective Effect of Moderate Hypoxia in a Mouse Colitis Model. Front Physiol 2022; 13:876890. [PMID: 35711312 PMCID: PMC9195869 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.876890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Although hypoxia is important for maintaining the intestinal barrier, its effect on the barrier during acute colitis and the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. To explore the influence of hypoxia in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis mice and the role of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) and vitamin D receptor (VDR) in the process. Colitis mice were subjected to hypoxia to detect intestinal barrier function changes. And the mechanisms were explored in vitro. First, compared with colitis mice without hypoxia stimulation, those with hypoxia stimulation showed significantly decreased pathological damage and improved permeability of the intestinal barrier. The expression of tight junction proteins (occludin, ZO-1), HIF-1α as well as VDR was up-regulated in colitis mice with hypoxia stimulation. However, in VDR gene knockout (KO)colitis mice, hypoxia treatment showed no protective effect, suggesting the VDR dependency of this effect. Similarly although hypoxia stimulation could enhance the single-layer epithelial transmembrane electrical resistance in DLD-1 and NCM460 cells, these effects disappeared in VDR-knockdown cells. Furthermore, over-expression of HIF-1α in DLD-1 and NCM460 increased the expression of VDR, whereas HIF-1α-knockdown reduced the VDR expression directly. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and luciferase assays confirmed that HIF-1α can bind to the promoter region of the VDR gene under hypoxia. Finally, compared with their wild-type siblings, VDR-KO mice showed reduced abundance of anaerobic bacteria and SCFA-producing bacteria. Hypoxia was protective against DSS-induced colitis, and VDR is instrumental in it. Furthermore, HIF-1α-VDR mediates the effect of hypoxia on the barrier function. Moreover, intestinal flora may be an important link between hypoxia and VDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, PUMC Hospital, CAMS and PUMC, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, PUMC Hospital, CAMS and PUMC, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Lv
- Department of Gastroenterology, PUMC Hospital, CAMS and PUMC, Beijing, China
| | - Changzhi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Hospital, CAMS and PUMC, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaming Qian
- Department of Gastroenterology, PUMC Hospital, CAMS and PUMC, Beijing, China
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Hari S, Burns GL, Hoedt EC, Keely S, Talley NJ. Eosinophils, Hypoxia-Inducible Factors, and Barrier Dysfunction in Functional Dyspepsia. FRONTIERS IN ALLERGY 2022; 3:851482. [PMID: 35769556 PMCID: PMC9234913 DOI: 10.3389/falgy.2022.851482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional dyspepsia (FD) is a highly prevalent disorder of gut-brain interaction (DGBI), previously known as a functional gastrointestinal disorder. Characterized by early satiety, postprandial fullness, and/or epigastric pain or burning, diagnosis depends on positive symptomatology and exclusion of obvious structural diseases. A subtle inflammatory phenotype has been identified in FD patients, involving an increase in duodenal mucosal eosinophils, and imbalances in the duodenal gut microbiota. A dysregulated epithelial barrier has also been well described in FD and is thought to be a contributing factor to the low-grade duodenal inflammation observed, however the mechanisms underpinning this are poorly understood. One possible explanation is that alterations in the microbiota and increased immune cells can result in the activation of cellular stress response pathways to perpetuate epithelial barrier dysregulation. One such cellular response pathway involves the stabilization of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIF). HIF, a transcriptional protein involved in the cellular recognition and adaptation to hypoxia, has been identified as a critical component of various pathologies, from cancer to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). While the contribution of HIF to subtle inflammation, such as that seen in FD, is unknown, HIF has been shown to have roles in regulating the inflammatory response, particularly the recruitment of eosinophils, as well as maintaining epithelial barrier structure and function. As such, we aim to review our present understanding of the involvement of eosinophils, barrier dysfunction, and the changes to the gut microbiota including the potential pathways and mechanisms of HIF in FD. A combination of PubMed searches using the Mesh terms functional dyspepsia, functional gastrointestinal disorders, disorders of gut-brain interaction, duodenal eosinophilia, barrier dysfunction, gut microbiota, gut dysbiosis, low-grade duodenal inflammation, hypoxia-inducible factors (or HIF), and/or intestinal inflammation were undertaken in the writing of this narrative review to ensure relevant literature was included. Given the findings from various sources of literature, we propose a novel hypothesis involving a potential role for HIF in the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying FD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suraj Hari
- Tasmanian School of Medicine, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
- NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Digestive Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Grace L. Burns
- NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Digestive Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Emily C. Hoedt
- NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Digestive Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Simon Keely
- NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Digestive Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Nicholas J. Talley
- NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Digestive Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
- School of Medicine and Public Health, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
- *Correspondence: Nicholas J. Talley
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Schützhold V, Gravemeyer J, Bicker A, Hager T, Padberg C, Schäfer J, Wrobeln A, Steinbrink M, Zeynel S, Hankeln T, Becker JC, Fandrey J, Winning S. Knockout of Factor-Inhibiting HIF ( Hif1an) in Colon Epithelium Attenuates Chronic Colitis but Does Not Reduce Colorectal Cancer in Mice. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2022; 208:1280-1291. [PMID: 35121641 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2100418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease such as chronic colitis promotes colorectal cancer, which is a common cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Hypoxia is a characteristic of inflammation as well as of solid tumors and enforces a gene expression response controlled by hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs). Once established, solid tumors are immunosuppressive to escape their abatement through immune cells. Although HIF activity is known to 1) promote cancer development and 2) drive tumor immune suppression through the secretion of adenosine, both prolyl hydroxylases and an asparaginyl hydroxylase termed factor-inhibiting HIF (FIH) negatively regulate HIF. Thus, FIH may act as a tumor suppressor in colorectal cancer development. In this study, we examined the role of colon epithelial FIH in a mouse model of colitis-induced colorectal cancer. We recapitulated colitis-associated colorectal cancer development in mice using the azoxymethane/dextran sodium sulfate model in Vil1-Cre/FIH+f/+f and wild-type siblings. Colon samples were analyzed regarding RNA and protein expression and histology. Vil1-Cre/FIH+f/+f mice showed a less severe colitis progress compared with FIH+f/+f animals and a lower number of infiltrating macrophages in the inflamed tissue. RNA sequencing analyses of colon tissue revealed a lower expression of genes associated with the immune response in Vil1-Cre/FIH+f/+f mice. However, tumor occurrence did not significantly differ between Vil1-Cre/FIH+f/+f and wild-type mice. Thus, FIH knockout in colon epithelial cells did not modulate colorectal cancer development but reduced the inflammatory response in chronic colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Schützhold
- Institut für Physiologie, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Jan Gravemeyer
- Translational Skin Cancer Research, Dermatologie, Universitätsmedizin Essen, Essen, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anne Bicker
- Molekulargenetik und Genomanalyse, Institut für Organismische und Molekulare Evolutionsbiologie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany; and
| | - Thomas Hager
- Institut für Pathologie, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Claudia Padberg
- Institut für Physiologie, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Jana Schäfer
- Institut für Physiologie, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Anna Wrobeln
- Institut für Physiologie, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | | | - Seher Zeynel
- Institut für Physiologie, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Thomas Hankeln
- Molekulargenetik und Genomanalyse, Institut für Organismische und Molekulare Evolutionsbiologie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany; and
| | - Jürgen Christian Becker
- Translational Skin Cancer Research, Dermatologie, Universitätsmedizin Essen, Essen, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Joachim Fandrey
- Institut für Physiologie, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany;
| | - Sandra Winning
- Institut für Physiologie, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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Danese S, Levesque BG, Feagan BG, Jucov A, Bhandari BR, Pai RK, Taylor Meadows K, Kirby BJ, Bruey J, Olson A, Osterhout R, Van Biene C, Ford J, Aranda R, Raghupathi K, Sandborn WJ. Randomised clinical trial: a phase 1b study of GB004, an oral HIF-1α stabiliser, for treatment of ulcerative colitis. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2022; 55:401-411. [PMID: 35014040 PMCID: PMC9305136 DOI: 10.1111/apt.16753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epithelial barrier dysfunction contributes to a dysregulated intestinal immune response in ulcerative colitis (UC). GB004 is an orally administered, small molecule, gut-targeted stabiliser of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α, a transcription factor with protective roles at the epithelial layer of the inflamed gut. AIMS To evaluate safety, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and efficacy of GB004 in patients with active UC. METHODS This double-blind, placebo-controlled study randomised patients 2:1 to receive an oral solution of GB004 120 mg or placebo once daily for 28 days. Eligible patients had a Robarts Histopathology Index score ≥4 with neutrophils in the epithelium, total Mayo Clinic score 3-12, Mayo Clinic endoscopic subscore ≥1, and blood in the stool, despite treatment with 5-aminosalicylates, corticosteroids or immunosuppressants. RESULTS Thirty-four patients were randomised. GB004 120 mg for 28 days was generally well-tolerated. Adverse events occurred in 27.3% (3/11) and 39.1% (9/23) of patients in the placebo and GB004 groups respectively. Nausea and dysgeusia were most commonly reported in the GB004 group (0% for placebo and 21.7% [5/23] and 13.0% [3/23] respectively for GB004). There were no treatment-related serious adverse events or deaths. GB004 exhibited minimal accumulation, with higher colonic concentrations relative to plasma. Exploratory pharmacodynamic and efficacy analyses demonstrated GB004 target engagement and numerically higher proportions of patients achieving improvement in multiple measures of disease activity, respectively, at day 28 for GB004 compared to placebo. CONCLUSION Results from this phase 1b trial support evaluation of the full therapeutic potential of GB004 for the treatment of UC. A phase 2 study (NCT04556383) is ongoing. Clinicaltrials.gov NCT03860896.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvio Danese
- Gastroenterology and EndoscopyIRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele and University Vita‐Salute, San RaffaeleMilanItaly
| | | | - Brian G. Feagan
- Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology and BiostatisticsUniversity of Western OntarioLondonOntarioCanada
| | - Alina Jucov
- ARENSIA Exploratory Medicine GmbHDüsseldorfGermany,Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and PharmacyChişinăuMoldova
| | | | - Rish K. Pai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and PathologyMayo ClinicPhoenixArizonaUSA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Julia Ford
- Gossamer Bio, Inc.San DiegoCaliforniaUSA
| | | | | | - William J. Sandborn
- Division of GastroenterologyUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
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Wang K, Zhu R, Li J, Zhang Z, Wen X, Chen H, Sun L. Coexpression network analysis coupled with connectivity map database mining reveals novel genetic biomarkers and potential therapeutic drugs for polymyositis. Clin Rheumatol 2022; 41:1719-1730. [DOI: 10.1007/s10067-021-06035-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Stabilization but no functional influence of HIF-1α expression in the intestinal epithelium during Salmonella Typhimurium infection. Infect Immun 2022; 90:e0022221. [PMID: 34978927 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00222-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The hypoxia-inducible transcription factor 1 (HIF-1) has been shown to enhance microbial killing and to ameliorate the course of bacterial infections. While the impact of HIF-1 on inflammatory diseases of the gut has been studied intensively, its function in bacterial infections of the gastrointestinal tract remains largely elusive. With the help of a publicly available gene expression data set, we could infer significant activation of HIF-1 after oral infection of mice with Salmonella Typhimurium. Immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis confirmed marked HIF-1α protein stabilization, especially in the intestinal epithelium. This prompted us to analyze conditional Hif1a-deficient mice to examine cell type-specific functions of HIF-1 in this model. Our results demonstrate enhanced non-canonical induction of HIF-1 activity upon Salmonella infection in the intestinal epithelium as well as in macrophages. Surprisingly, Hif1a deletion in intestinal epithelial cells did not impact on inflammatory gene expression, bacterial spread or disease outcome. In contrast, Hif1a deletion in myeloid cells enhanced intestinal Cxcl2 expression and reduced the cecal Salmonella load. In vitro, HIF-1α-deficient macrophages showed an overall impaired transcription of mRNA encoding pro-inflammatory factors, however, intracellular survival of Salmonella was not impacted by HIF-1α deficiency.
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40
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Wong JJY, Varga BV, Káradóttir RT, Hall EAH. Electrochemically induced in vitro focal hypoxia in human neurons. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:968341. [PMID: 36247014 PMCID: PMC9555746 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.968341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Focalised hypoxia is widely prevalent in diseases such as stroke, cardiac arrest, and dementia. While in some cases hypoxia improves cellular functions, it mostly induces or exacerbates pathological changes. The lack of methodologies that can simulate focal acute hypoxia, in either animal or cell culture, impedes our understanding of the cellular consequences of hypoxia. To address this gap, an electrochemical localised oxygen scavenging system (eLOS), is reported, providing an innovative platform for spatiotemporal in vitro hypoxia modulation. The electrochemical system is modelled showing O2 flux patterns and localised O2 scavenging and hypoxia regions, as a function of distance from the electrode and surrounding flux barriers, allowing an effective focal hypoxia tool to be designed for in vitro cell culture study. O2 concentration is reduced in an electrochemically defined targeted area from normoxia to hypoxia in about 6 min depending on the O2-flux boundaries. As a result, a cell culture-well was designed, where localised O2 scavenging could be induced. The impact of localised hypoxia was demonstrated on human neural progenitor cells (hNPCs) and it was shown that miniature focal hypoxic insults can be induced, that evoke time-dependent HIF-1α transcription factor accumulation. This transcription is "patterned" across the culture according to the electrochemically induced spatiotemporal hypoxia gradient. A basic lacunar infarct model was also developed through the application of eLOS in a purpose designed microfluidic device. Miniature focal hypoxic insults were induced in cellular processes of fully oxygenated cell bodies, such as the axons of human cortical neurons. The results demonstrate experimentally that localised axonal hypoxic stress can lead to significant increase of neuronal death, despite the neurons remaining at normoxia. This suggests that focal hypoxic insult to axons alone is sufficient to impact surrounding neurons and may provide an in vitro model to study the impact of microinfarcts occurring in the deep cerebral white matter, as well as providing a promising tool for wider understanding of acute hypoxic insults with potential to uncover its pathophysiology in multiple diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph J Y Wong
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Balazs V Varga
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Elizabeth A H Hall
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Yin J, Ren Y, Yang K, Wang W, Wang T, Xiao W, Yang H. The role of hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha in inflammatory bowel disease. Cell Biol Int 2021; 46:46-51. [PMID: 34658125 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) develops as a result of a combination of genetic predisposition, dysbiosis of the gut microbiota, and environmental influences, which is mainly represented by ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). IBDs can result in inflammatory hypoxia by causing intestinal inflammation and vascular damage. The hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α), as a transcription factor, can regulate the cellular adaptation to low oxygen levels and support the development and function of the gut barrier. HIF-αplays its functions through translocating into the nucleus, dimerizing with HIF-1β, and binding to hypoxia-responsive elements of HIF-1 target genes. So far, most studies have addressed the function of HIF-1α in murine models of IBD. In this review, we aim to outline the major roles of HIF-1α in the IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiuheng Yin
- Department of General Surgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yanbei Ren
- Department of General Surgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Kunqiu Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wensheng Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Nursing Department, Nursing School of Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing, China
| | - Weidong Xiao
- Department of General Surgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hua Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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42
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Dzhalilova DS, Makarova OV. HIF-Dependent Mechanisms of Relationship between Hypoxia Tolerance and Tumor Development. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2021; 86:1163-1180. [PMID: 34903150 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297921100011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Oxygen deficiency is one of the key pathogenetic factors determining development and severity of many diseases, including inflammatory, infectious diseases, and cancer. Lack of oxygen activates the signaling pathway of the hypoxia-inducible transcription factor HIF in cells that has three isoforms, HIF-1, HIF-2, HIF-3, regulating expression of several thousand genes. Throughout tumor progression, HIF activation stimulates angiogenesis, promotes changes in cell metabolism, adhesion, invasiveness, and ability to metastasize. HIF isoforms can play opposite roles in the development of inflammatory and neoplastic processes. Humans and laboratory animals differ both in tolerance to hypoxia and in the levels of expression of HIF and HIF-dependent genes, which may lead to predisposition to the development of certain oncological disorders. In particular, the ratio of different histogenetic types of tumors may vary among people living in the mountains and at the sea level. However, despite the key role of hypoxia at almost all stages of tumor development, basal tolerance to oxygen deficiency is not considered as a factor of predisposition to the tumor growth initiation. In literature, there are many works characterizing the level of local hypoxia in various tumors, and suggesting fundamental approaches to its mitigation by HIF inhibition. HIF inhibitors, as a rule, have a systemic effect on the organism, however, basal tolerance of an organism to hypoxia as well as the level of HIF expression are not taken into account in the process of their use. The review summarizes the literature data on different HIF isoforms and their role in tumor progression, with extrapolation to organisms with high and low tolerance to hypoxia, as well as on the prevalence of various types of tumors in the populations living at high altitudes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dzhuliia Sh Dzhalilova
- Federal State Budgetary Institution "Research Institute of Human Morphology", Moscow, 117418, Russia.
| | - Olga V Makarova
- Federal State Budgetary Institution "Research Institute of Human Morphology", Moscow, 117418, Russia
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43
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De Galan C, De Vos M, Hindryckx P, Laukens D, Van Welden S. Long-Term Environmental Hypoxia Exposure and Haematopoietic Prolyl Hydroxylase-1 Deletion Do Not Impact Experimental Crohn's Like Ileitis. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10090887. [PMID: 34571764 PMCID: PMC8464968 DOI: 10.3390/biology10090887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Hypoxia-induced signalling represents an important contributor to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) pathophysiology. However, available data solely focus on colonic inflammation while the primary disease location in Crohn’s disease patients is the terminal ileum. Therefore, we explored the effects of environmental hypoxia and immune cell-specific deletion of oxygen sensor prolyl hydroxylase (PHD) 1 in a Crohn’s like ileitis mouse model. Five-week-old TNF∆ARE/+ mice and wildtype (WT) littermates were housed in normoxia (21% O2) or hypoxia (8% O2) for 10 weeks. Although environmental hypoxia increased both systemic as ileal markers of hypoxia, the body weight evolution in both WT and TNF∆ARE/+ mice was not affected. Interestingly, hypoxia did increase circulatory monocytes, ileal mononuclear phagocytes and proinflammatory cytokine expression in WT mice. However, no histological or inflammatory gene expression differences in the ileum could be identified between TNF∆ARE/+ mice housed in hypoxia versus normoxia nor between TNF∆ARE/+ and WT mice with additional loss of immune cell-specific Phd1 expression. This is the first study showing that long-term environmental hypoxia or haematopoietic Phd1-deletion does not impact experimental ileitis. Therefore, it strongly questions whether targeting hypoxia-induced signalling via currently available PHD inhibitors would exert an immune suppressive effect in IBD patients with ileal inflammation. Abstract Environmental hypoxia and hypoxia-induced signalling in the gut influence inflammatory bowel disease pathogenesis, however data is limited to colitis. Hence, we investigated the effect of environmental hypoxia and immune cell-specific deletion of oxygen sensor prolyl hydroxylase (PHD) 1 in a Crohn’s like ileitis mouse model. Therefore, 5-week-old C57/BL6 TNF∆ARE/+ mice and wildtype (WT) littermates were housed in normoxia (21% O2) or hypoxia (8% O2) for 10 weeks. Systemic inflammation was assessed by haematology. Distal ileal hypoxia was evaluated by pimonidazole staining. The ileitis degree was scored on histology, characterized via qPCR and validated in haematopoietic Phd1-deficient TNF∆ARE/+ mice. Our results demonstrated that hypoxia did not impact body weight evolution in WT and TNF∆ARE/+ mice. Hypoxia increased red blood cell count, haemoglobin, haematocrit and increased pimonidazole intensity in the ileum. Interestingly, hypoxia evoked an increase in circulatory monocytes, ileal mononuclear phagocytes and proinflammatory cytokine expression in WT mice. Despite these alterations, no histological or ileal gene expression differences could be identified between TNF∆ARE/+ mice housed in hypoxia versus normoxia nor between haematopoietic Phd1-deficient TNF∆ARE/+ and their WT counterparts. Therefore, we demonstrated for the first time that long-term environmental hypoxia or haematopoietic Phd1-deletion does not impact experimental ileitis development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cara De Galan
- Department of Internal Medicine and Paediatrics, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (C.D.G.); (M.D.V.); (P.H.); (D.L.)
- Ghent Gut Inflammation Group (GGIG), Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Centre for Inflammation Research, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Martine De Vos
- Department of Internal Medicine and Paediatrics, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (C.D.G.); (M.D.V.); (P.H.); (D.L.)
- Ghent Gut Inflammation Group (GGIG), Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Pieter Hindryckx
- Department of Internal Medicine and Paediatrics, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (C.D.G.); (M.D.V.); (P.H.); (D.L.)
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Debby Laukens
- Department of Internal Medicine and Paediatrics, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (C.D.G.); (M.D.V.); (P.H.); (D.L.)
- Ghent Gut Inflammation Group (GGIG), Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Centre for Inflammation Research, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sophie Van Welden
- Department of Internal Medicine and Paediatrics, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (C.D.G.); (M.D.V.); (P.H.); (D.L.)
- Ghent Gut Inflammation Group (GGIG), Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Centre for Inflammation Research, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +32-9-332-58-30
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44
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Malkov MI, Lee CT, Taylor CT. Regulation of the Hypoxia-Inducible Factor (HIF) by Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines. Cells 2021; 10:cells10092340. [PMID: 34571989 PMCID: PMC8466990 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia and inflammation are frequently co-incidental features of the tissue microenvironment in a wide range of inflammatory diseases. While the impact of hypoxia on inflammatory pathways in immune cells has been well characterized, less is known about how inflammatory stimuli such as cytokines impact upon the canonical hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) pathway, the master regulator of the cellular response to hypoxia. In this review, we discuss what is known about the impact of two major pro-inflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β), on the regulation of HIF-dependent signaling at sites of inflammation. We report extensive evidence for these cytokines directly impacting upon HIF signaling through the regulation of HIF at transcriptional and post-translational levels. We conclude that multi-level crosstalk between inflammatory and hypoxic signaling pathways plays an important role in shaping the nature and degree of inflammation occurring at hypoxic sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mykyta I. Malkov
- Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland; (M.I.M.); (C.T.L.)
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Chee Teik Lee
- Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland; (M.I.M.); (C.T.L.)
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Cormac T. Taylor
- Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland; (M.I.M.); (C.T.L.)
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
- Correspondence:
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45
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Zhou HC, Xin-Yan Yan, Yu WW, Liang XQ, Du XY, Liu ZC, Long JP, Zhao GH, Liu HB. Lactic acid in macrophage polarization: The significant role in inflammation and cancer. Int Rev Immunol 2021; 41:4-18. [PMID: 34304685 DOI: 10.1080/08830185.2021.1955876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Metabolite lactic acid has always been regarded as a metabolic by-product rather than a bioactive molecule. Recently, this view has changed since it was discovered that lactic acid can be used as a signal molecule and has novel signal transduction functions both intracellular and extracellular, which can regulate key functions in the immune system. In recent years, more and more evidence has shown that lactic acid is closely related to the metabolism and polarization of macrophages. During inflammation, lactic acid is a regulator of macrophage metabolism, and it can prevent excessive inflammatory responses; In malignant tumors, lactic acid produced by tumor tissues promotes the polarization of tumor-associated macrophages, which in turn promotes tumor progression. In this review, we examined the relationship between lactic acid and macrophage metabolism. We further discussed how lactic acid plays a role in maintaining the homeostasis of macrophages, as well as the biology of macrophage polarization and the M1/M2 imbalance in human diseases. Potential methods to target lactic acid in the treatment of inflammation and cancer will also be discussed so as to provide new strategies for the treatment of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Cun Zhou
- Department of Breast Surgery, Gansu Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Gene Drugs of Gansu Province, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou, P.R. China.,The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R.China
| | - Xin-Yan Yan
- Department of Breast Surgery, Gansu Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Wen Yu
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Gene Drugs of Gansu Province, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou, P.R. China.,The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R.China
| | - Xiao-Qin Liang
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Gene Drugs of Gansu Province, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou, P.R. China.,The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R.China
| | - Xiao-Yan Du
- Department of Breast Surgery, Gansu Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Chang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Gene Drugs of Gansu Province, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou, P.R. China.,The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R.China
| | - Jian-Ping Long
- Department of Breast Surgery, Gansu Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, P. R. China
| | - Guang-Hui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P. R. China
| | - Hong-Bin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Gene Drugs of Gansu Province, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou, P.R. China.,The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R.China
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46
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Dowdell AS, Colgan SP. Metabolic Host-Microbiota Interactions in Autophagy and the Pathogenesis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:708. [PMID: 34451805 PMCID: PMC8399382 DOI: 10.3390/ph14080708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a family of conditions characterized by chronic, relapsing inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. IBD afflicts over 3 million adults in the United States and shows increasing prevalence in the Westernized world. Current IBD treatments center on modulation of the damaging inflammatory response and carry risks such as immunosuppression, while the development of more effective treatments is hampered by our poor understanding of the molecular mechanisms of IBD pathogenesis. Previous genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have demonstrated that gene variants linked to the cellular response to microorganisms are most strongly associated with an increased risk of IBD. These studies are supported by mechanistic work demonstrating that IBD-associated polymorphisms compromise the intestine's anti-microbial defense. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge regarding IBD as a disease of defects in host-microbe interactions and discuss potential avenues for targeting this mechanism for future therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sean P. Colgan
- Department of Medicine and the Mucosal Inflammation Program, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA;
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47
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Zhang H, Zhou Y, Qu M, Yu Y, Chen Z, Zhu S, Guo K, Chen W, Miao C. Tissue Factor-Enriched Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Promote Immunothrombosis and Disease Progression in Sepsis-Induced Lung Injury. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:677902. [PMID: 34336711 PMCID: PMC8317465 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.677902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with sepsis may progress to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Evidence of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in sepsis-induced lung injury has been reported. However, the role of circulating NETs in the progression and thrombotic tendency of sepsis-induced lung injury remains elusive. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of tissue factor-enriched NETs in the progression and immunothrombosis of sepsis-induced lung injury. Methods Human blood samples and an animal model of sepsis-induced lung injury were used to detect and evaluate NET formation in ARDS patients. Immunofluorescence imaging, ELISA, Western blotting, and qPCR were performed to evaluate in vitro NET formation and tissue factor (TF) delivery ability. DNase, an anti-TF antibody, and thrombin inhibitors were applied to evaluate the contribution of thrombin to TF-enriched NET formation and the contribution of TF-enriched NETs to immunothrombosis in ARDS patients. Results Significantly increased levels of TF-enriched NETs were observed in ARDS patients and mice. Blockade of NETs in ARDS mice alleviated disease progression, indicating a reduced lung wet/dry ratio and PaO2 level. In vitro data demonstrated that thrombin-activated platelets were responsible for increased NET formation and related TF exposure and subsequent immunothrombosis in ARDS patients. Conclusion The interaction of thrombin-activated platelets with PMNs in ARDS patients results in local NET formation and delivery of active TF. The notion that NETs represent a mechanism by which PMNs release thrombogenic signals during thrombosis may offer novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yilu Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengdi Qu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaoyuan Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuainan Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kefang Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wankun Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Changhong Miao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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48
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Pral LP, Fachi JL, Corrêa RO, Colonna M, Vinolo MAR. Hypoxia and HIF-1 as key regulators of gut microbiota and host interactions. Trends Immunol 2021; 42:604-621. [PMID: 34171295 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2021.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Oxygen (O2) availability is a key factor regulating microbiota composition and the homeostatic function of cells in the intestinal mucosa of vertebrates. Microbiota-derived metabolites increase O2 consumption by intestinal epithelial cells (IECs), reducing its availability in the gut and leading to hypoxia. This physiological hypoxia activates cellular hypoxic sensors that adapt the metabolism and function of IECs and mucosa-resident cells, such as type-3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s). In this review, we discuss recent evidence suggesting that the intricate and multidirectional interactions among the microbiota, hypoxia/hypoxic sensors, and mammalian host cells (IECs and ILC3s) determine how the intestinal barrier and host-microbiota-pathogens connections are molded. Understanding these interactions might provide new treatment possibilities for dysbiosis, as well as certain inflammatory and infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laís P Pral
- Laboratory of Immunoinflammation, Department of Genetics and Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - José L Fachi
- Laboratory of Immunoinflammation, Department of Genetics and Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil; Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Renan O Corrêa
- Laboratory of Immunoinflammation, Department of Genetics and Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Marco Colonna
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA.
| | - Marco A R Vinolo
- Laboratory of Immunoinflammation, Department of Genetics and Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil; Experimental Medicine Research Cluster, Campinas, Brazil; Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center (OCRC), University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.
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49
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Prados ME, García-Martín A, Unciti-Broceta JD, Palomares B, Collado JA, Minassi A, Calzado MA, Appendino G, Muñoz E. Betulinic acid hydroxamate prevents colonic inflammation and fibrosis in murine models of inflammatory bowel disease. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2021; 42:1124-1138. [PMID: 32811965 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-020-0497-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestinal fibrosis is a common complication of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and is defined as an excessive accumulation of scar tissue in the intestinal wall. Intestinal fibrosis occurs in both forms of IBD: ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Small-molecule inhibitors targeting hypoxia-inducing factor (HIF) prolyl-hydroxylases are promising for the development of novel antifibrotic therapies in IBD. Herein, we evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of hydroxamate of betulinic acid (BHA), a hypoxia mimetic derivative of betulinic acid, against IBD in vitro and in vivo. We showed that BAH (5-20 μM) dose-dependently enhanced collagen gel contraction and activated the HIF pathway in NIH-3T3 fibroblasts; BAH treatment also prevented the loss of trans-epithelial electrical resistance induced by proinflammatory cytokines in Caco-2 cells. In two different murine models (TNBS- and DSS-induced IBD) that cause colon fibrosis, oral administration of BAH (20, 50 mg/kg·d, for 17 days) prevented colon inflammation and fibrosis, as detected using immunohistochemistry and qPCR assays. BAH-treated animals showed a significant reduction of fibrotic markers (Tnc, Col1a2, Col3a1, Timp-1, α-SMA) and inflammatory markers (F4/80+, CD3+, Il-1β, Ccl3) in colon tissue, as well as an improvement in epithelial barrier integrity and wound healing. BHA displayed promising oral bioavailability, no significant activity against a panel of 68 potential pharmacological targets and was devoid of genotoxicity and cardiotoxicity. Taken together, our results provide evidence that oral administration of BAH can alleviate colon inflammation and colitis-associated fibrosis, identifying the enhancement of colon barrier integrity as a possible mechanism of action, and providing a solid rationale for additional clinical studies.
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50
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Pabari RM, Tambuwala MM, Lajczak-McGinley N, Aljabali A, Kirby BP, Keely S, Ramtoola Z. Novel polyurethane based particulate formulations of infliximab reduce inflammation in DSS induced murine model of colitis - A preliminary study. Int J Pharm 2021; 604:120717. [PMID: 34015378 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Our recent study showed that novel infliximab (INF) loaded polyesterurethane (INF-PU) and INF-PU-PEG particulate formulations reduced inflammation in an in-vitro epithelial inflammation model. In this study we investigated therapeutic potential of novel INF-PU and INF-PU-PEG particulate formulations to reduce inflammation in a dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) induced murine model of colitis. Severity of colitis was assessed by measurement of disease activity index (DAI) score, inflammatory markers (neutrophil infiltration, TNFα) and histological score. Treatment groups orally administered with INF-PU and INF-PU-PEG particulate formulations showed improvement in the clinical signs of colitis, similar to that observed with intraperitoneally administered INF, in both, moderate and severe DSS induced colitis model. This was related to a significant reduction in inflammatory cytokines, resulting in a significant reduction in histological score (ANOVA; p < 0.05), indicative of mucosal healing, a key goal of IBD therapy. This could be attributed to its targeted delivery to the inflamed colon and higher permeation of these particulate formulations across the inflamed colonic mucosa, as observed by the confocal images, resulting in local inhibition of TNFα at its site of production. These promising preliminary results warrant further investigation of orally administered INF and its novel particulate formulations in a wider preclinical study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritesh M Pabari
- RCSI, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Murtaza M Tambuwala
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, County, Londonderry BT52 1SA, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | | | - Alaa Aljabali
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Brian P Kirby
- RCSI, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Stephen Keely
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
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