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Saldova R, Thomsson KA, Wilkinson H, Chatterjee M, Singh AK, Karlsson NG, Knaus UG. Characterization of intestinal O-glycome in reactive oxygen species deficiency. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0297292. [PMID: 38483964 PMCID: PMC10939276 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0297292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterized by chronic intestinal inflammation resulting from an inappropriate inflammatory response to intestinal microbes in a genetically susceptible host. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by NADPH oxidases (NOX) provide antimicrobial defense, redox signaling and gut barrier maintenance. NADPH oxidase mutations have been identified in IBD patients, and mucus layer disruption, a critical aspect in IBD pathogenesis, was connected to NOX inactivation. To gain insight into ROS-dependent modification of epithelial glycosylation the colonic and ileal mucin O-glycome of mice with genetic NOX inactivation (Cyba mutant) was analyzed. O-glycans were released from purified murine mucins and analyzed by hydrophilic interaction ultra-performance liquid chromatography in combination with exoglycosidase digestion and mass spectrometry. We identified five novel glycans in ileum and found minor changes in O-glycans in the colon and ileum of Cyba mutant mice. Changes included an increase in glycans with terminal HexNAc and in core 2 glycans with Fuc-Gal- on C3 branch, and a decrease in core 3 glycans in the colon, while the ileum showed increased sialylation and a decrease in sulfated glycans. Our data suggest that NADPH oxidase activity alters the intestinal mucin O-glycans that may contribute to intestinal dysbiosis and chronic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radka Saldova
- National Institute for Bioprocessing, NIBRT GlycoScience Group, Research and Training, Blackrock, Dublin, Ireland
- CÚRAM, SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Kristina A. Thomsson
- Proteomics Core Facility, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Hayden Wilkinson
- National Institute for Bioprocessing, NIBRT GlycoScience Group, Research and Training, Blackrock, Dublin, Ireland
- CÚRAM, SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Ashish K. Singh
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Niclas G. Karlsson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Faculty of Health Science, Department of Life Science and Health, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ulla G. Knaus
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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2
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Schwarz M, Gazdarica M, Froňková E, Svatoň M, Bronský J, Havlovicová M, Křepelová A, Macek M. Functional studies associate novel DUOX2 gene variants detected in heterozygosity to Crohn's disease. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:399. [PMID: 38456993 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09317-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Crohn's disease is a chronic gastrointestinal inflammatory disease with possible extraintestinal symptoms. There are predisposing genetic factors and even monogenic variants of the disorder. One of the possible genetic factors are variants of the DUOX2 gene. The protein product of the DUOX2 gene is a dual oxidase enzyme producing H2O2 in the bowel. Reduced H2O2 levels impact mucosal homeostasis and contribute to the development of inflammatory bowel disease. Thus far, only 19 patients with IBD with the DUOX2 variants have been described. METHODS Here we present a case report of an adolescent female diagnosed at eleven years of age with IBD that was subsequently reclassified as Crohn's disease. She was treated with immunosuppressants and biological therapy but experienced additional complications. Her peripheral blood lymphocyte DNA was studied using massive parallel sequencing. Detected variants were functionally studied. RESULTS Whole exome sequencing found two novel DUOX2 gene variants: a de novo variant c.3646C>T; p.R1216W and a maternally inherited variant c.3391G>A; p.A1131T which were initially classified as variants of unknown significance. However, follow-up functional studies demonstrated that both DUOX2 variants led to impaired H2O2 generation, which led to their reclassification to the likely pathogenic class according to the ACMG.net. Therefore, we conclude that these variants are causative for the disease. CONCLUSIONS Identifying novel variants in patients with Crohn's disease and their families is important for precision medicine approaches and understanding of the pathogenesis of likely "monogenic" rare forms of inflammatory bowel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Schwarz
- Department of Biology and Medical Genetics, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic.
- PRENET - Laboratoře Lékařské Genetiky s.r.o., Pardubice, Czech Republic.
| | - Matej Gazdarica
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Froňková
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, 2nd Medical Faculty, Childhood Leukaemia Investigation Prague, Charles University and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michael Svatoň
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, 2nd Medical Faculty, Childhood Leukaemia Investigation Prague, Charles University and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Bronský
- Department of Pediatrics, 2nd Medical Faculty, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Markéta Havlovicová
- Department of Biology and Medical Genetics, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Křepelová
- Department of Biology and Medical Genetics, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Macek
- Department of Biology and Medical Genetics, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
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3
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Deris Zayeri Z, Parsi A, Shahrabi S, Kargar M, Davari N, Saki N. Epigenetic and metabolic reprogramming in inflammatory bowel diseases: diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in colorectal cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:264. [PMID: 37936149 PMCID: PMC10631091 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-03117-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM "Inflammatory bowel disease" (IBD) is a chronic, relapsing inflammatory disease of the intestinal tract that typically begins at a young age and might transit to colorectal cancer (CRC). In this manuscript, we discussed the epigenetic and metabolic change to present a extensive view of IBDs transition to CRC. This study discusses the possible biomarkers for evaluating the condition of IBDs patients, especially before the transition to CRC. RESEARCH APPROACH We searched "PubMed" and "Google Scholar" using the keywords from 2000 to 2022. DISCUSSION In this manuscript, interesting titles associated with IBD and CRC are discussed to present a broad view regarding the epigenetic and metabolic reprogramming and the biomarkers. CONCLUSION Epigenetics can be the main reason in IBD transition to CRC, and Hypermethylation of several genes, such as VIM, OSM4, SEPT9, GATA4 and GATA5, NDRG4, BMP3, ITGA4 and plus hypomethylation of LINE1 can be used in IBD and CRC management. Epigenetic, metabolisms and microbiome-derived biomarkers, such as Linoleic acid and 12 hydroxy 8,10-octadecadienoic acid, Serum M2-pyruvate kinase and Six metabolic genes (NAT2, XDH, GPX3, AKR1C4, SPHK and ADCY5) expression are valuable biomarkers for early detection and transition to CRC condition. Some miRs, such as miR-31, miR-139-5p, miR -155, miR-17, miR-223, miR-370-3p, miR-31, miR -106a, miR -135b and miR-320 can be used as biomarkers to estimate IBD transition to CRC condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Deris Zayeri
- Golestan Hospital Clinical Research Development Unit, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Abazar Parsi
- Alimentary Tract Research Center, Clinical Sciences Research Inistitute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Saeid Shahrabi
- Department of Biochemistry and Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Masoud Kargar
- Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Nader Davari
- Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Najmaldin Saki
- Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
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4
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Ward J, Zhang S, Sikora A, Michalski R, Yin Y, D'Alessio A, McLoughlin RM, Jaquet V, Fieschi F, Knaus UG. VEO-IBD NOX1 variant highlights a structural region essential for NOX/DUOX catalytic activity. Redox Biol 2023; 67:102905. [PMID: 37820403 PMCID: PMC10571032 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are chronic intestinal disorders that result from an inappropriate inflammatory response to the microbiota in genetically susceptible individuals, often triggered by environmental stressors. Part of this response is the persistent inflammation and tissue injury associated with deficiency or excess of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The NADPH oxidase NOX1 is highly expressed in the intestinal epithelium, and inactivating NOX1 missense mutations are considered a risk factor for developing very early onset IBD. Albeit NOX1 has been linked to wound healing and host defence, many questions remain about its role in intestinal homeostasis and acute inflammatory conditions. Here, we used in vivo imaging in combination with inhibitor studies and germ-free conditions to conclusively identify NOX1 as essential superoxide generator for microbiota-dependent peroxynitrite production in homeostasis and during early endotoxemia. NOX1 loss-of-function variants cannot support peroxynitrite production, suggesting that the gut barrier is persistently weakened in these patients. One of the loss-of-function NOX1 variants, NOX1 p. Asn122His, features replacement of an asparagine residue located in a highly conserved HxxxHxxN motif. Modelling the NOX1-p22phox complex revealed near the distal heme an internal pocket restricted by His119 and Asn122 that is part of the oxygen reduction site. Functional studies in several human NADPH oxidases show that substitution of asparagine with amino acids with larger side chains is not tolerated, while smaller side chains can support catalytic activity. Thus, we identified a previously unrecognized structural feature required for the electron transfer mechanism in human NADPH oxidases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josie Ward
- School of Medicine, Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Suisheng Zhang
- School of Medicine, Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Adam Sikora
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Applied Radiation Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland
| | - Radoslaw Michalski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Applied Radiation Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland
| | - Yuting Yin
- School of Medicine, Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Aurora D'Alessio
- School of Medicine, Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Rachel M McLoughlin
- Host-Pathogen Interactions Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Vincent Jaquet
- Department of Pathology and Immunology and READS Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Franck Fieschi
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, UMR5075, Institut de Biologie Structurale, Grenoble, France; Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Paris, France.
| | - Ulla G Knaus
- School of Medicine, Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
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5
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Parlato M, Cerf-Bensussan N. Another Breach in the Wall: Impaired Epithelial DUOX2 Activity Fuels Metabolic Syndrome. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 16:648-649. [PMID: 37517801 PMCID: PMC10511920 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2023.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Parlato
- Université Paris-Cité, Institut Imagine, Laboratory of Intestinal Immunity, INSERM U1163, Paris, France.
| | - Nadine Cerf-Bensussan
- Université Paris-Cité, Institut Imagine, Laboratory of Intestinal Immunity, INSERM U1163, Paris, France
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6
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Hazime H, Ducasa GM, Santander AM, Brito N, González EE, Ban Y, Kaunitz J, Akiba Y, Fernández I, Burgueño JF, Abreu MT. Intestinal Epithelial Inactivity of Dual Oxidase 2 Results in Microbiome-Mediated Metabolic Syndrome. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 16:557-572. [PMID: 37369278 PMCID: PMC10468370 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2023.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is characterized by obesity, glucose intolerance, and hepatic steatosis. Alterations in the gut microbiome play important roles in the development of MetS. However, the mechanisms by which this occurs are poorly understood. Dual oxidase 2 (DUOX2) is an antimicrobial reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase expressed in the gut epithelium. Here, we posit that epithelial DUOX2 activity provides a mechanistic link between the gut microbiome and the development of MetS. METHODS Mice carrying an intestinal epithelial-specific deletion of dual oxidase maturation factor 1/2 (DA IEC-KO), and wild-type littermates were fed a standard diet and killed at 24 weeks. Metabolic alterations were determined by glucose tolerance, lipid tests, and body and organ weight measurements. DUOX2 activity was determined by Amplex Red. Intestinal permeability was determined by fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran, microbial translocation assessments, and portal vein lipopolysaccharide measurements. Metagenomic analysis of the stool microbiome was performed. The role of the microbiome was assessed in antibiotic-treated mice. RESULTS DA IEC-KO males showed increased body and organ weights accompanied by glucose intolerance and increased plasma lipid and liver enzyme levels, and increased adiposity in the liver and adipose tissue. Expression of F4/80, CD68, uncoupling protein 1, carbohydrate response element binding protein, leptin, and adiponectin was altered in the liver and adipose tissue of DA IEC-KO males. DA IEC-KO males produced less epithelial H2O2, had altered relative abundance of Akkermansiaceae and Lachnospiraceae in stool, and showed increased portal vein lipopolysaccharides and intestinal permeability. Females were protected from barrier defects and MetS, despite producing less H2O2. Antibiotic depletion abrogated all MetS phenotypes observed. CONCLUSIONS Intestinal epithelial inactivity of DUOX2 promotes MetS in a microbiome-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajar Hazime
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Miami-Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami-Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - G Michelle Ducasa
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Miami-Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Ana M Santander
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Miami-Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Nivis Brito
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Miami-Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Eddy E González
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Miami-Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Yuguang Ban
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Shared Resource, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami-Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Jonathan Kaunitz
- Medical Service and Research Services, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California; Medical Service, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Yasutada Akiba
- Medical Service and Research Services, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California; Medical Service, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Irina Fernández
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Miami-Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Juan F Burgueño
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Miami-Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Maria T Abreu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Miami-Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami-Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida.
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7
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Windfelder AG, Müller FHH, Mc Larney B, Hentschel M, Böhringer AC, von Bredow CR, Leinberger FH, Kampschulte M, Maier L, von Bredow YM, Flocke V, Merzendorfer H, Krombach GA, Vilcinskas A, Grimm J, Trenczek TE, Flögel U. High-throughput screening of caterpillars as a platform to study host-microbe interactions and enteric immunity. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7216. [PMID: 36433960 PMCID: PMC9700799 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34865-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian models of human disease are expensive and subject to ethical restrictions. Here, we present an independent platform for high-throughput screening, using larvae of the tobacco hornworm Manduca sexta, combining diagnostic imaging modalities for a comprehensive characterization of aberrant phenotypes. For validation, we use bacterial/chemical-induced gut inflammation to generate a colitis-like phenotype and identify significant alterations in morphology, tissue properties, and intermediary metabolism, which aggravate with disease progression and can be rescued by antimicrobial treatment. In independent experiments, activation of the highly conserved NADPH oxidase DUOX, a key mediator of gut inflammation, leads to similar, dose-dependent alterations, which can be attenuated by pharmacological interventions. Furthermore, the developed platform could differentiate pathogens from mutualistic gastrointestinal bacteria broadening the scope of applications also to microbiomics and host-pathogen interactions. Overall, larvae-based screening can complement mammals in preclinical studies to explore innate immunity and host-pathogen interactions, thus representing a substantial contribution to improve mammalian welfare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton G. Windfelder
- grid.8664.c0000 0001 2165 8627Institute of Zoology and Developmental Biology; Cellular Recognition and Defense Processes, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany ,grid.418010.c0000 0004 0573 9904Department of Bioresources, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Giessen, Germany ,grid.8664.c0000 0001 2165 8627Laboratory of Experimental Radiology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | | | - Benedict Mc Larney
- grid.51462.340000 0001 2171 9952Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY USA ,grid.51462.340000 0001 2171 9952Molecular Imaging and Therapy Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY USA
| | - Michael Hentschel
- grid.411656.10000 0004 0479 0855Department of Nuclear Medicine, Inselspital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Anna Christina Böhringer
- grid.5836.80000 0001 2242 8751Department of Chemistry and Biology, School of Science and Technology, University of Siegen, Siegen, Germany
| | - Christoph-Rüdiger von Bredow
- grid.4488.00000 0001 2111 7257Applied Zoology, Department of Biology, Technical University of Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Florian H. Leinberger
- grid.8664.c0000 0001 2165 8627Institute of Zoology and Developmental Biology; Cellular Recognition and Defense Processes, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Marian Kampschulte
- grid.8664.c0000 0001 2165 8627Laboratory of Experimental Radiology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Lorenz Maier
- grid.411656.10000 0004 0479 0855Department of Nuclear Medicine, Inselspital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Yvette M. von Bredow
- grid.8664.c0000 0001 2165 8627Institute of Zoology and Developmental Biology; Cellular Recognition and Defense Processes, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Vera Flocke
- grid.411327.20000 0001 2176 9917Experimental Cardiovascular Imaging, Molecular Cardiology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Hans Merzendorfer
- grid.5836.80000 0001 2242 8751Department of Chemistry and Biology, School of Science and Technology, University of Siegen, Siegen, Germany
| | - Gabriele A. Krombach
- grid.411067.50000 0000 8584 9230Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University-Hospital Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Andreas Vilcinskas
- grid.418010.c0000 0004 0573 9904Department of Bioresources, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Giessen, Germany ,grid.8664.c0000 0001 2165 8627Institute for Insect Biotechnology, Department of Applied Entomology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Jan Grimm
- grid.51462.340000 0001 2171 9952Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY USA ,grid.51462.340000 0001 2171 9952Molecular Imaging and Therapy Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY USA ,grid.5386.8000000041936877XPharmacology Department, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY USA ,grid.51462.340000 0001 2171 9952Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY USA ,grid.413734.60000 0000 8499 1112Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY USA
| | - Tina E. Trenczek
- grid.8664.c0000 0001 2165 8627Institute of Zoology and Developmental Biology; Cellular Recognition and Defense Processes, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Ulrich Flögel
- grid.411327.20000 0001 2176 9917Experimental Cardiovascular Imaging, Molecular Cardiology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
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8
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Novel biallelic mutations in the DUOX2 gene underlying very early-onset inflammatory bowel disease: A case report. Clin Immunol 2022; 238:109015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2022.109015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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9
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Intestinal immunoregulation: lessons from human mendelian diseases. Mucosal Immunol 2021; 14:1017-1037. [PMID: 33859369 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-021-00398-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The mechanisms that maintain intestinal homeostasis despite constant exposure of the gut surface to multiple environmental antigens and to billions of microbes have been scrutinized over the past 20 years with the goals to gain basic knowledge, but also to elucidate the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and to identify therapeutic targets for these severe diseases. Considerable insight has been obtained from studies based on gene inactivation in mice as well as from genome wide screens for genetic variants predisposing to human IBD. These studies are, however, not sufficient to delineate which pathways play key nonredundant role in the human intestinal barrier and to hierarchize their respective contribution. Here, we intend to illustrate how such insight can be derived from the study of human Mendelian diseases, in which severe intestinal pathology results from single gene defects that impair epithelial and or hematopoietic immune cell functions. We suggest that these diseases offer the unique opportunity to study in depth the pathogenic mechanisms leading to perturbation of intestinal homeostasis in humans. Furthermore, molecular dissection of monogenic intestinal diseases highlights key pathways that might be druggable and therapeutically targeted in common forms of IBD.
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10
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Dumas A, Knaus UG. Raising the 'Good' Oxidants for Immune Protection. Front Immunol 2021; 12:698042. [PMID: 34149739 PMCID: PMC8213335 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.698042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Redox medicine is a new therapeutic concept targeting reactive oxygen species (ROS) and secondary reaction products for health benefit. The concomitant function of ROS as intracellular second messengers and extracellular mediators governing physiological redox signaling, and as damaging radicals instigating or perpetuating various pathophysiological conditions will require selective strategies for therapeutic intervention. In addition, the reactivity and quantity of the oxidant species generated, its source and cellular location in a defined disease context need to be considered to achieve the desired outcome. In inflammatory diseases associated with oxidative damage and tissue injury, ROS source specific inhibitors may provide more benefit than generalized removal of ROS. Contemporary approaches in immunity will also include the preservation or even elevation of certain oxygen metabolites to restore or improve ROS driven physiological functions including more effective redox signaling and cell-microenvironment communication, and to induce mucosal barrier integrity, eubiosis and repair processes. Increasing oxidants by host-directed immunomodulation or by exogenous supplementation seems especially promising for improving host defense. Here, we summarize examples of beneficial ROS in immune homeostasis, infection, and acute inflammatory disease, and address emerging therapeutic strategies for ROS augmentation to induce and strengthen protective host immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexia Dumas
- Conway Institute, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ulla G Knaus
- Conway Institute, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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11
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Grasberger H, Magis AT, Sheng E, Conomos MP, Zhang M, Garzotto LS, Hou G, Bishu S, Nagao-Kitamoto H, El-Zaatari M, Kitamoto S, Kamada N, Stidham RW, Akiba Y, Kaunitz J, Haberman Y, Kugathasan S, Denson LA, Omenn GS, Kao JY. DUOX2 variants associate with preclinical disturbances in microbiota-immune homeostasis and increased inflammatory bowel disease risk. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:141676. [PMID: 33651715 DOI: 10.1172/jci141676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A primordial gut-epithelial innate defense response is the release of hydrogen peroxide by dual NADPH oxidase (DUOX). In inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a condition characterized by an imbalanced gut microbiota-immune homeostasis, DUOX2 isoenzyme is the highest induced gene. Performing multiomic analyses using 2872 human participants of a wellness program, we detected a substantial burden of rare protein-altering DUOX2 gene variants of unknown physiologic significance. We identified a significant association between these rare loss-of-function variants and increased plasma levels of interleukin-17C, which is induced also in mucosal biopsies of patients with IBD. DUOX2-deficient mice replicated increased IL-17C induction in the intestine, with outlier high Il17c expression linked to the mucosal expansion of specific Proteobacteria pathobionts. Integrated microbiota/host gene expression analyses in patients with IBD corroborated IL-17C as a marker for epithelial activation by gram-negative bacteria. Finally, the impact of DUOX2 variants on IL-17C induction provided a rationale for variant stratification in case control studies that substantiated DUOX2 as an IBD risk gene. Thus, our study identifies an association of deleterious DUOX2 variants with a preclinical hallmark of disturbed microbiota-immune homeostasis that appears to precede the manifestation of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helmut Grasberger
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Andrew T Magis
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Arivale Inc., Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - Matthew P Conomos
- Arivale Inc., Seattle, Washington, USA.,Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Min Zhang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Lea S Garzotto
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Guoqing Hou
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Shrinivas Bishu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Hiroko Nagao-Kitamoto
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Mohamad El-Zaatari
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Sho Kitamoto
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Nobuhiko Kamada
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Ryan W Stidham
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Yasutada Akiba
- West Los Angeles VA Medical Center and Departments of Medicine and Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jonathan Kaunitz
- West Los Angeles VA Medical Center and Departments of Medicine and Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Yael Haberman
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Subra Kugathasan
- Departments of Pediatrics and Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Lee A Denson
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Gilbert S Omenn
- Departments of Computational Medicine & Bioinformatics, Internal Medicine, Human Genetics, and School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - John Y Kao
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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12
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van Trotsenburg P, Stoupa A, Léger J, Rohrer T, Peters C, Fugazzola L, Cassio A, Heinrichs C, Beauloye V, Pohlenz J, Rodien P, Coutant R, Szinnai G, Murray P, Bartés B, Luton D, Salerno M, de Sanctis L, Vigone M, Krude H, Persani L, Polak M. Congenital Hypothyroidism: A 2020-2021 Consensus Guidelines Update-An ENDO-European Reference Network Initiative Endorsed by the European Society for Pediatric Endocrinology and the European Society for Endocrinology. Thyroid 2021; 31:387-419. [PMID: 33272083 PMCID: PMC8001676 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2020.0333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background: An ENDO-European Reference Network (ERN) initiative was launched that was endorsed by the European Society for Pediatric Endocrinology and the European Society for Endocrinology with 22 participants from the ENDO-ERN and the two societies. The aim was to update the practice guidelines for the diagnosis and management of congenital hypothyroidism (CH). A systematic literature search was conducted to identify key articles on neonatal screening, diagnosis, and management of primary and central CH. The evidence-based guidelines were graded with the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation system, describing both the strength of recommendations and the quality of evidence. In the absence of sufficient evidence, conclusions were based on expert opinion. Summary: The recommendations include the various neonatal screening approaches for CH as well as the etiology (also genetics), diagnostics, treatment, and prognosis of both primary and central CH. When CH is diagnosed, the expert panel recommends the immediate start of correctly dosed levothyroxine treatment and frequent follow-up including laboratory testing to keep thyroid hormone levels in their target ranges, timely assessment of the need to continue treatment, attention for neurodevelopment and neurosensory functions, and, if necessary, consulting other health professionals, and education of the child and family about CH. Harmonization of diagnostics, treatment, and follow-up will optimize patient outcomes. Lastly, all individuals with CH are entitled to a well-planned transition of care from pediatrics to adult medicine. Conclusions: This consensus guidelines update should be used to further optimize detection, diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of children with all forms of CH in the light of the most recent evidence. It should be helpful in convincing health authorities of the benefits of neonatal screening for CH. Further epidemiological and experimental studies are needed to understand the increased incidence of this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul van Trotsenburg
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Athanasia Stoupa
- Pediatric Endocrinology, Gynecology and Diabetology Department, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Hôpital Universitaire Necker Enfants Malades, Paris, France
- Université de Paris, Paris, France
- INSERM U1163, IMAGINE Institute, Paris, France
- INSERM U1016, Cochin Institute, Paris, France
| | - Juliane Léger
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Reference Center for Growth and Development Endocrine Diseases, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Robert Debré University Hospital, Paris, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), UMR 1141, Paris, France
| | - Tilman Rohrer
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, University Children's Hospital, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany
| | - Catherine Peters
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, United Kingdom
| | - Laura Fugazzola
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Cassio
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Unit of Pediatrics, Department of Medical & Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna Italy
| | - Claudine Heinrichs
- Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Veronique Beauloye
- Unité d'Endocrinologie Pédiatrique, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Joachim Pohlenz
- Department of Pediatrics, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical School, Mainz, Germany
| | - Patrice Rodien
- Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares de la Thyroïde et des Récepteurs Hormonaux, Service EDN, CHU d'Angers, Institut MITOVASC, Université d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - Regis Coutant
- Unité d' Endocrinologie Diabetologie Pédiatrique and Centre des Maladies Rares de la Réceptivité Hormonale, CHU-Angers, Angers, France
| | - Gabor Szinnai
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, University Children's Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Philip Murray
- European Society for Pediatric Endocrinology
- Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Beate Bartés
- Thyroid Group, European Patient Advocacy Group Patient Representative (ePAG), Association Vivre sans Thyroide, Léguevin, France
| | - Dominique Luton
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospitals Paris Nord Val de Seine (HUPNVS), Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Bichat Hospital, Paris, France
- Department Risks and Pregnancy (DHU), Université de Paris, Inserm U1141, Paris, France
| | - Mariacarolina Salerno
- Pediatric Endocrine Unit, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Luisa de Sanctis
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Turin, Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Mariacristina Vigone
- Department of Pediatrics, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Heiko Krude
- Institut für Experimentelle Pädiatrische Endokrinologie, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Luca Persani
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Michel Polak
- Pediatric Endocrinology, Gynecology and Diabetology Department, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Hôpital Universitaire Necker Enfants Malades, Paris, France
- Université de Paris, Paris, France
- INSERM U1163, IMAGINE Institute, Paris, France
- INSERM U1016, Cochin Institute, Paris, France
- Paris Regional Newborn Screening Program, Centre régional de dépistage néonatal, Paris, France
- Centre de Référence Maladies Endocriniennes de la Croissance et du Développement, INSERM U1016, IMAGINE Institute, Paris, France
- ENDO-European Reference Network, Main Thematic Group 8, Paris, France
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13
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Abstract
A number of diseases and conditions have been associated with prolonged or persistent exposure to non-physiological levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Similarly, ROS underproduction due to loss-of-function mutations in superoxide or hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-generating enzymes is a risk factor or causative for certain diseases. However, ROS are required for basic cell functions; in particular the diffusible second messenger H2O2 that serves as signaling molecule in redox processes. This activity sets H2O2 apart from highly reactive oxygen radicals and influences the approach to drug discovery, clinical utility, and therapeutic intervention. Here we review the chemical and biological fundamentals of ROS with emphasis on H2O2 as a signaling conduit and initiator of redox relays and propose an integrated view of physiological versus non-physiological reactive species. Therapeutic interventions that target persistently altered ROS levels should include both selective inhibition of a specific source of primary ROS and careful consideration of a targeted pro-oxidant approach, an avenue that is still underdeveloped. Both strategies require attention to redox dynamics in complex cellular systems, integration of the overall spatiotemporal cellular environment, and target validation to yield effective and safe therapeutics. The only professional primary ROS producers are NADPH oxidases (NOX1-5, DUOX1-2). Many other enzymes, e.g., xanthine oxidase (XO), monoamine oxidases (MAO), lysyl oxidases (LO), lipoxygenase (LOX), and cyclooxygenase (COX), produce superoxide and H2O2 secondary to their primary metabolic function. Superoxide is too reactive to disseminate, but H2O2 is diffusible, only limited by adjacent PRDXs or GPXs, and can be apically secreted and imported into cells through aquaporin (AQP) channels. H2O2 redox signaling includes oxidation of the active site thiol in protein tyrosine phosphatases, which will inhibit their activity and thereby increase tyrosine phosphorylation on target proteins. Essential functions include the oxidative burst by NOX2 as antimicrobial innate immune response; gastrointestinal NOX1 and DUOX2 generating low H2O2 concentrations sufficient to trigger antivirulence mechanisms; and thyroidal DUOX2 essential for providing H2O2 reduced by TPO to oxidize iodide to an iodinating form which is then attached to tyrosyls in TG. Loss-of-function (LoF) variants in TPO or DUOX2 cause congenital hypothyroidism and LoF variants in the NOX2 complex chronic granulomatous disease.
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14
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Burgueño JF, Fritsch J, Gonzalez EE, Landau KS, Santander AM, Fernández I, Hazime H, Davies JM, Santaolalla R, Phillips MC, Diaz S, Dheer R, Brito N, Pignac-Kobinger J, Fernández E, Conner GE, Abreu MT. Epithelial TLR4 Signaling Activates DUOX2 to Induce Microbiota-Driven Tumorigenesis. Gastroenterology 2021; 160:797-808.e6. [PMID: 33127391 PMCID: PMC7879481 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2020.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Chronic colonic inflammation leads to dysplasia and cancer in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. We have described the critical role of innate immune signaling via Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in the pathogenesis of dysplasia and cancer. In the current study, we interrogate the intersection of TLR4 signaling, epithelial redox activity, and the microbiota in colitis-associated neoplasia. METHODS Inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal cancer data sets were analyzed for expression of TLR4, dual oxidase 2 (DUOX2), and NADPH oxidase 1 (NOX1). Epithelial production of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was analyzed in murine colonic epithelial cells and colonoid cultures. Colorectal cancer models were carried out in villin-TLR4 mice, carrying a constitutively active form of TLR4, their littermates, and villin-TLR4 mice backcrossed to DUOXA-knockout mice. The role of the TLR4-shaped microbiota in tumor development was tested in wild-type germ-free mice. RESULTS Activation of epithelial TLR4 was associated with up-regulation of DUOX2 and NOX1 in inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal cancer. DUOX2 was exquisitely dependent on TLR4 signaling and mediated the production of epithelial H2O2. Epithelial H2O2 was significantly increased in villin-TLR4 mice; TLR4-dependent tumorigenesis required the presence of DUOX2 and a microbiota. Mucosa-associated microbiota transferred from villin-TLR4 mice to wild-type germ-free mice caused increased H2O2 production and tumorigenesis. CONCLUSIONS Increased TLR4 signaling in colitis drives expression of DUOX2 and epithelial production of H2O2. The local milieu imprints the mucosal microbiota and imbues it with pathogenic properties demonstrated by enhanced epithelial reactive oxygen species and increased development of colitis-associated tumors. The inter-relationship between epithelial reactive oxygen species and tumor-promoting microbiota requires a 2-pronged strategy to reduce the risk of dysplasia in colitis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan F Burgueño
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Miami – Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Julia Fritsch
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Miami – Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami – Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Eddy E Gonzalez
- Biotechnology and Biopharmaceuticals Laboratory, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Biological Science, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Kevin S Landau
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Miami – Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Ana M Santander
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Miami – Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Irina Fernández
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Miami – Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Hajar Hazime
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Miami – Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Julie M Davies
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Miami – Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Rebeca Santaolalla
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Miami – Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Matthew C Phillips
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Miami – Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Sophia Diaz
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Miami – Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Rishu Dheer
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Miami – Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Nivis Brito
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Miami – Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Judith Pignac-Kobinger
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Miami – Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Ester Fernández
- Animal Physiology Unit, Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gregory E Conner
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Miami – Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Maria T Abreu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Miami-Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami-Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida.
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15
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Irrazabal T, Thakur BK, Croitoru K, Martin A. Preventing Colitis-Associated Colon Cancer With Antioxidants: A Systematic Review. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 11:1177-1197. [PMID: 33418102 PMCID: PMC7907812 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2020.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients have an increased risk of developing colitis-associated colon cancer (CAC); however, the basis for inflammation-induced genetic damage requisite for neoplasia is unclear. Several studies have shown that IBD patients have signs of increased oxidative damage, which could be a result of genetic and environmental factors such as an excess in oxidant molecules released during chronic inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, a failure in antioxidant capacity, or oxidant promoting diets. It has been suggested that chronic oxidative environment in the intestine leads to the DNA lesions that precipitate colon carcinogenesis in IBD patients. Indeed, several preclinical and clinical studies show that different endogenous and exogenous antioxidant molecules are effective at reducing oxidation in the intestine. However, most clinical studies have focused on the short-term effects of antioxidants in IBD patients but not in CAC. This review article examines the role of oxidative DNA damage as a possible precipitating event in CAC in the context of chronic intestinal inflammation and the potential role of exogenous antioxidants to prevent these cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bhupesh K Thakur
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kenneth Croitoru
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alberto Martin
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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16
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Yang M, Zhao Y, Ding Y, Wang J, Tan Y, Xu D, Yuan Y. A truncated protein product of the germline variant of the DUOX2 gene leads to adenomatous polyposis. Cancer Biol Med 2021; 18:215-226. [PMID: 33628596 PMCID: PMC7877186 DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2020.0305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: In some patients with adenomatous polyposis, an identifiable pathogenic variant of known associated genes cannot be found. Researchers have studied this for decades; however, few new genes have been identified. Methods: Adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) negative polyposis patients were identified through next-generation sequencing and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification. Then, whole-exome sequencing (WES) was used to determine candidate genes harboring pathogenic variants. Functional experiments were performed to explore their effects. Subsequently, using Sanger sequencing, we found other polyposis patients carrying variants of the DUOX2 gene, encoding dual oxidase 2, and analyzed them. Results: From 88 patients with suspected familial adenomatous polyposis, 25 unrelated APC negative polyposis patients were identified. Based on the WES results of 3 patients and 2 healthy relatives from a family, the germline nonsense variant (c.1588A>T; p.K530X) of the DUOX2 gene was speculated to play a decisive role in the pedigree in relation to adenomatous polyposis. During functional experiments, we observed that the truncated protein, hDuox2 K530, was overexpressed in the adenoma in a carrier of the DUOX2 nonsense variant, causing abnormal cell proliferation through endoplasmic reticulum (ER) retention. In addition, we found two unrelated APC negative patients carrying DUOX2 missense variants (c.3329G>A, p.R1110Q; c.4027C>T, p.L1343F). Given the results of the in silico analysis, these two missense variants might exert a negative influence on the function of hDuox2. Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first study that reports the possible association of DUOX2 germline variants with adenomatous polyposis. With an autosomal dominant inheritance, it causes ER retention, inducing an unfolded protein response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyuan Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China.,Cancer Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Yingxin Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China.,Cancer Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Yuwei Ding
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China.,Cancer Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Yinuo Tan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China.,Cancer Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Dong Xu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Ying Yuan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China.,Cancer Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
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17
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Dang PMC, Rolas L, El-Benna J. The Dual Role of Reactive Oxygen Species-Generating Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate Oxidases in Gastrointestinal Inflammation and Therapeutic Perspectives. Antioxid Redox Signal 2020; 33:354-373. [PMID: 31968991 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2020.8018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Despite their intrinsic cytotoxic properties, mounting evidence indicates that reactive oxygen species (ROS) physiologically produced by the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidases (NOXs) of epithelial cells (NOX1, dual oxidase [DUOX]2) and phagocytes (NOX2) are critical for innate immune response and homeostasis of the intestinal mucosa. However, dysregulated ROS production could be a driving factor in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs). Recent Advances: In addition to NOX2, recent studies have demonstrated that NOX1- and DUOX2-derived ROS can regulate intestinal innate immune defense and homeostasis by impacting many processes, including bacterial virulence, expression of bacteriostatic proteins, epithelial renewal and restitution, and microbiota composition. Moreover, the antibacterial role of DUOX2 is a function conserved in evolution as it has been described in invertebrates, and lower and higher vertebrates. In humans, variants of the NOX2, NOX1, and DUOX2 genes, which are associated with impaired ROS production, have been identified in very early onset IBD, but overexpression of NOX/DUOX, especially DUOX2, has also been described in IBD, suggesting that loss-of-function or excessive activity of the ROS-generating enzymes could contribute to disease progression. Critical Issues: Therapeutic perspectives aiming at targeting NOX/DUOX in IBD should take into account the two sides of NOX/DUOX-derived ROS in intestinal inflammation. Hence, NOX/DUOX inhibitors or ROS inducers should be considered as a function of the disease context. Future Directions: A thorough understanding of the physiological and pathological regulation of NOX/DUOX in the gastrointestinal tract is an absolute pre-requisite for the development of therapeutic strategies that can modulate ROS levels in space and time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pham My-Chan Dang
- INSERM-U1149, CNRS-ERL8252, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, Paris, France.,Faculté de Médecine, Laboratoire d'Excellence Inflamex, DHU FIRE, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Loïc Rolas
- INSERM-U1149, CNRS-ERL8252, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, Paris, France
| | - Jamel El-Benna
- INSERM-U1149, CNRS-ERL8252, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, Paris, France.,Faculté de Médecine, Laboratoire d'Excellence Inflamex, DHU FIRE, Université de Paris, Paris, France
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18
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Burgueño JF, Abreu MT. Epithelial Toll-like receptors and their role in gut homeostasis and disease. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020; 17:263-278. [PMID: 32103203 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-019-0261-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 212] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The human gastrointestinal tract is colonized by trillions of microorganisms that interact with the host to maintain structural and functional homeostasis. Acting as the interface between the site of the highest microbial burden in the human body and the richest immune compartment, a single layer of intestinal epithelial cells specializes in nutrient absorption, stratifies microorganisms to limit colonization of tissues and shapes the responses of the subepithelial immune cells. In this Review, we focus on the expression, regulation and functions of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in the different intestinal epithelial lineages to analyse how epithelial recognition of bacteria participates in establishing homeostasis in the gut. In particular, we elaborate on the involvement of epithelial TLR signalling in controlling crypt dynamics, enhancing epithelial barrier integrity and promoting immune tolerance towards the gut microbiota. Furthermore, we comment on the regulatory mechanisms that fine-tune TLR-driven immune responses towards pathogens and revisit the role of TLRs in epithelial repair after injury. Finally, we discuss how dysregulation of epithelial TLRs can lead to the generation of dysbiosis, thereby increasing susceptibility to colitis and tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan F Burgueño
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Maria T Abreu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
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19
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Zhang X, Deng QH, Deng JH, Wang SJ, Chen Q. Lovastatin derivative dehydrolovastatin ameliorates ulcerative colitis in mice by suppressing NF-κB and inflammatory cytokine expression. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2020; 24:137-147. [PMID: 32140037 PMCID: PMC7043998 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2020.24.2.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is associated with intestinal immune imbalance and inflammatory response. Because dehydrolovastatin (DLVT), a derivative of lovastatin, has been recently shown to inhibit inflammation and relieve immune arthritis induced by chemical stimuli, we studied its effect and possible mechanism on UC induced by dextran sulfate sodium. The BALB/c mice were classified into six groups: normal control group, model group, DLVT high dose group, DLVT low dose group, salazosulfapyridine (SASP) group and lovastatin (LVT) group. The disease activity indices of UC and pathological changes were investigated. The myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in colon tissue and inflammatory factors such as IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, and TNF-α in the serum were analyzed by ELISA, while the expression of NF-κB p65 protein in colon tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry and western blot. DLVT relieved the disease activity indices and pathological damage of the UC mice. Furthermore, DLVT significantly decreased MPO activity and improved the imbalance of inflammatory cytokines through inhibiting the expression of NF-κB p65. Meanwhile, the positive drug of SASP has a similar effect to DLVT, but the effect of DLVT in both decreasing IL-17, TNF-α, and increasing IL-10 was significantly stronger than that of SASP. These results suggest that DLVT may ameliorates the symptoms of UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zhang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu City 610072, Sichuan Province, P.R. China
| | - Qing-Hua Deng
- Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing City 401331, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Hua Deng
- People's Hospital of Shizhu County, Chongqing City 409100, P.R. China
| | - Sheng-Ju Wang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu City 610072, Sichuan Province, P.R. China
| | - Qiu Chen
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu City 610072, Sichuan Province, P.R. China
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20
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Investigation of Potential Genetic Biomarkers and Molecular Mechanism of Ulcerative Colitis Utilizing Bioinformatics Analysis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:4921387. [PMID: 32190668 PMCID: PMC7073481 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4921387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Objectives To reveal the molecular mechanisms of ulcerative colitis (UC) and provide potential biomarkers for UC gene therapy. Methods We downloaded the GSE87473 microarray dataset from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and identified the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between UC samples and normal samples. Then, a module partition analysis was performed based on a weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA), followed by pathway and functional enrichment analyses. Furthermore, we investigated the hub genes. At last, data validation was performed to ensure the reliability of the hub genes. Results Between the UC group and normal group, 988 DEGs were investigated. The DEGs were clustered into 5 modules using WGCNA. These DEGs were mainly enriched in functions such as the immune response, the inflammatory response, and chemotaxis, and they were mainly enriched in KEGG pathways such as the cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, chemokine signaling pathway, and complement and coagulation cascades. The hub genes, including dual oxidase maturation factor 2 (DUOXA2), serum amyloid A (SAA) 1 and SAA2, TNFAIP3-interacting protein 3 (TNIP3), C-X-C motif chemokine (CXCL1), solute carrier family 6 member 14 (SLC6A14), and complement decay-accelerating factor (CD antigen CD55), were revealed as potential tissue biomarkers for UC diagnosis or treatment. Conclusions This study provides supportive evidence that DUOXA2, A-SAA, TNIP3, CXCL1, SLC6A14, and CD55 might be used as potential biomarkers for tissue biopsy of UC, especially SLC6A14 and DUOXA2, which may be new targets for UC gene therapy. Moreover, the DUOX2/DUOXA2 and CXCL1/CXCR2 pathways might play an important role in the progression of UC through the chemokine signaling pathway and inflammatory response.
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21
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Burgueño JF, Fritsch J, Santander AM, Brito N, Fernández I, Pignac-Kobinger J, Conner GE, Abreu MT. Intestinal Epithelial Cells Respond to Chronic Inflammation and Dysbiosis by Synthesizing H 2O 2. Front Physiol 2019; 10:1484. [PMID: 31871440 PMCID: PMC6921703 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The microbes in the gastrointestinal tract are separated from the host by a single layer of intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) that plays pivotal roles in maintaining homeostasis by absorbing nutrients and providing a physical and immunological barrier to potential pathogens. Preservation of homeostasis requires the crosstalk between the epithelium and the microbial environment. One epithelial-driven innate immune mechanism that participates in host-microbe communication involves the release of reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), toward the lumen. Phagocytes produce high amounts of ROS which is critical for microbicidal functions; the functional contribution of epithelial ROS, however, has been hindered by the lack of methodologies to reliably quantify extracellular release of ROS. Here, we used a modified Amplex Red assay to investigate the inflammatory and microbial regulation of IEC-generated H2O2 and the potential role of Duox2, a NADPH oxidase that is an important source of H2O2. We found that colonoids respond to interferon-γ and flagellin by enhancing production of H2O2 in a Duox2-mediated fashion. To extend these findings, we analyzed ex vivo production of H2O2 by IECs after acute and chronic inflammation, as well as after exposure to dysbiotic microbiota. While acute inflammation did not induce a significant increase in epithelial-driven H2O2, chronic inflammation caused IECs to release higher levels of H2O2. Furthermore, colonization of germ-free mice with dysbiotic microbiota from mice or patients with IBD resulted in increased H2O2 production compared with healthy controls. Collectively, these data suggest that IECs are capable of H2O2 production during chronic inflammation and dysbiotic states. Our results provide insight into luminal production of H2O2 by IECs as a read-out of innate defense by the mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan F Burgueño
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Julia Fritsch
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Ana M Santander
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Nivis Brito
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Irina Fernández
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Judith Pignac-Kobinger
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Gregory E Conner
- Department of Cell Biology, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Maria T Abreu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
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22
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Colitis susceptibility in mice with reactive oxygen species deficiency is mediated by mucus barrier and immune defense defects. Mucosal Immunol 2019; 12:1316-1326. [PMID: 31554901 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-019-0205-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by NADPH oxidases (NOX/DUOX) provide antimicrobial defense, redox signaling, and gut barrier maintenance. Inactivating NOX variants are associated with comorbid intestinal inflammation in chronic granulomatous disease (CGD; NOX2) and pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (IBD; NOX1); however Nox-deficient mice do not reflect human disease susceptibility. Here we assessed if a hypomorphic patient-relevant CGD mutation will increase the risk for intestinal inflammation in mice. Cyba (p22phox) mutant mice generated low intestinal ROS, while maintaining Nox4 function. The Cyba variant caused profound mucus layer disruption with bacterial penetration into crypts, dysbiosis, and a compromised innate immune response to invading microbes, leading to mortality. Approaches used in treatment-resistant CGD or pediatric IBD such as bone marrow transplantation or oral antibiotic treatment ameliorated or prevented disease in mice. The Cyba mutant mouse phenotype implicates loss of both mucus barrier and efficient innate immune defense in the pathogenesis of intestinal inflammation due to ROS deficiency, supporting a combined-hit model where a single disease variant compromises different cellular functions in interdependent compartments.
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23
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Yang L, Bian Y, Li Z, Yan Y, Li J, Li W, Zeng L. Identification of potential biomarkers and pathways in ulcerative colitis with combined public mRNA and miRNA expression microarray data analysis. J Gastrointest Oncol 2019; 10:847-858. [PMID: 31602322 DOI: 10.21037/jgo.2019.06.06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic, relapsing and non-specific inflammatory disease, involving various genes and pathways in their pathogenesis. Increasing evidences have showed that microRNAs (miRNAs) act as key post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression in UC. This current study aimed to identify key miRNAs, potential target genes, and relevant pathways involved in UC to uncover their underlying molecular mechanisms by using bioinformatics analysis. Methods The mRNA and miRNA expression profiles were retrieved and downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and miRNAs (DEMIs) were obtained by using the R software package. Results A total of 79 DEGs and 47 DEMIs were obtained. And a panel of miRNAs and their target mRNAs were identified. It showed that miR-1231 may be a key regulator for DUOX2 and TFF1. CCL11 may be potentially targeted by miR-625. MMP1 may play vital roles in the development of UC by regulating the miR-1228/PPAR signaling pathway. In addition, we validated the most significantly up/down-expressed miRNAs (miR-92b, miR-625) and two of their corresponding target mRNAs (AQP8 and TAGAP, CCL11 and CHI3L1) in colon tissues of UC models preliminarily. The results were consistent with the microarray analysis. Conclusions These findings may provide new insights into representing key mechanisms associated with the development of UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Yang
- School of First Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.,Jingwen Library, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yaoyao Bian
- School of Nursing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zhengjun Li
- Management School, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YW, UK
| | - Yan Yan
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Junyi Li
- School of First Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wenlin Li
- Jingwen Library, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Li Zeng
- School of First Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.,Jingwen Library, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
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24
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Immune dysregulation disorders are among the most rapidly growing set of inborn errors of immunity. One particular subset is the category where early-onset inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is the most common manifestation. These disorders are being increasingly appreciated although there has been minimal effort to articulate a unified approach to their diagnosis and management. This review will cover current thinking and strategies related to diagnosis and management of very early-onset IBD. RECENT FINDINGS There is an expanding set of monogenic causes of early-onset IBD. In many cases, the precise genetic cause dictates management. Lessons learned from the management of these monogenic conditions can sometimes be extrapolated to other refractory cases of IBD. SUMMARY An integrated approach to diagnosis, risk analysis, and management can include diagnostic approaches not often utilized for traditional IBD such as whole exome sequencing. Management can also include nontraditional approaches such as targeted biologics or hematopoietic cell transplantation.
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25
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Nadeau G, Ouimet-Grennan E, Aaron M, Drouin S, Bertout L, Shalmiev A, Beaulieu P, St-Onge P, Veilleux LN, Rauch F, Petrykey K, Laverdière C, Sinnett D, Alos N, Krajinovic M. Identification of genetic variants associated with skeletal muscle function deficit in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia survivors. PHARMACOGENOMICS & PERSONALIZED MEDICINE 2019; 12:33-45. [PMID: 31114288 PMCID: PMC6489684 DOI: 10.2147/pgpm.s192924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background: Although 80% of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cases are cured with current treatment protocols, exposure to chemotherapeutics or radiation therapy during a vulnerable period of child development has been associated with a high frequency of late adverse effects (LAE). Previous observations suggest important skeletal muscle size, density and function deficits in ALL survivors. Purpose: Given that only a fraction of all patients will suffer from this particular complication, we investigated whether it could be predicted by genetic markers. Patients and methods: We analysed associations between skeletal muscle force (Fmax) and power (Pmax) and germline genetic variants from 1039 genes derived through whole-exome sequencing. Top-ranking association signals retained after correction for multiple testing were confirmed through genotyping, and further analysed through stratified analyses and multivariate models. Results: Our results show that skeletal muscle function deficit is associated with two common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs2001616DUOX2, P=0.0002 (Pmax) and rs41270041ADAMTS4, P=0.02 (Fmax)) and two rare ones located in the ALOX15 gene (P=0.001 (Pmax)). These associations were further modulated by sex, body mass index and risk groups, which reflected glucocorticoid dose and radiation therapy (P≤0.02). Conclusion: Occurrence of muscle function deficit in childhood ALL is thus strongly modulated by variations in the DUOX2, ADAMTS4 and ALOX15 genes, which could lead to personalized prevention strategies in childhood ALL survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geneviève Nadeau
- Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Michelle Aaron
- Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Simon Drouin
- Sainte-Justine University Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Laurence Bertout
- Sainte-Justine University Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Albert Shalmiev
- Sainte-Justine University Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Patrick Beaulieu
- Sainte-Justine University Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Pascal St-Onge
- Sainte-Justine University Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Frank Rauch
- Division of paediatrics, Montreal Shriners Hospital for Children, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Kateryna Petrykey
- Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Sainte-Justine University Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Caroline Laverdière
- Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Sainte-Justine University Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Division of Hemato-Oncology, Sainte-Justine University Hospital Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Daniel Sinnett
- Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Sainte-Justine University Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Division of Hemato-Oncology, Sainte-Justine University Hospital Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Nathalie Alos
- Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Sainte-Justine University Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Division of Endocrinology, Sainte-Justine University Hospital Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Maja Krajinovic
- Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Sainte-Justine University Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Division of Hemato-Oncology, Sainte-Justine University Hospital Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
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26
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Clinical and genetic spectrum of children with congenital diarrhea and enteropathy in China. Genet Med 2019; 21:2224-2230. [PMID: 30894704 DOI: 10.1038/s41436-019-0488-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Genetic sequencing for children with congenital diarrhea and enteropathy (CODE) has important implications for the diagnosis, prognosis, and implementation of precision medicine. METHODS We performed exome sequencing or targeted panel sequencing on 137 children with CODE. Endoscopic, imaging, histological, and immunological assessments were also applied. Patients were divided into three subgroups: watery, fatty, and bloody diarrhea. RESULTS The median age of onset among patients was 28.0 (interquartile range: 7.5-120.0) days. Genetic diagnosis was achieved in 88/137 (64.2%) of patients. The diagnostic rate was significantly higher in the neonatal group than in the group of patients who had disease onset within 2 years of age (p = 0.033). The diagnostic rates were 71.9% (46/64) for targeted gene panel sequencing and 57.5% (42/73) for exome sequencing (p = 0.081). We identified pathogenic variants in 17 genes. Based on genetic sequencing, 59.9% of patients were diagnosed with medically actionable disorders. Precision medicine was carried out by means of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for patients with IL10RA, CYBB, or FOXP3 deficiency; pancreatic enzyme replacement for patients with SBDS or UBR1 deficiency; and a special diet for patients with SLC5A1 deficiency. The overall mortality rate was 14.6%. CONCLUSION Single-gene disorders are common among CODE patients. Genetic diagnosis can improve therapy by enabling precision medicine.
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27
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Lipinski S, Petersen BS, Barann M, Piecyk A, Tran F, Mayr G, Jentzsch M, Aden K, Stengel ST, Klostermeier UC, Sheth V, Ellinghaus D, Rausch T, Korbel JO, Nothnagel M, Krawczak M, Gilissen C, Veltman JA, Forster M, Forster P, Lee CC, Fritscher-Ravens A, Schreiber S, Franke A, Rosenstiel P. Missense variants in NOX1 and p22phox in a case of very-early-onset inflammatory bowel disease are functionally linked to NOD2. Cold Spring Harb Mol Case Stud 2019; 5:mcs.a002428. [PMID: 30709874 PMCID: PMC6371741 DOI: 10.1101/mcs.a002428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Whole-genome and whole-exome sequencing of individual patients allow the study of rare and potentially causative genetic variation. In this study, we sequenced DNA of a trio comprising a boy with very-early-onset inflammatory bowel disease (veoIBD) and his unaffected parents. We identified a rare, X-linked missense variant in the NAPDH oxidase NOX1 gene (c.C721T, p.R241C) in heterozygous state in the mother and in hemizygous state in the patient. We discovered that, in addition, the patient was homozygous for a common missense variant in the CYBA gene (c.T214C, p.Y72H). CYBA encodes the p22phox protein, a cofactor for NOX1. Functional assays revealed reduced cellular ROS generation and antibacterial capacity of NOX1 and p22phox variants in intestinal epithelial cells. Moreover, the identified NADPH oxidase complex variants affected NOD2-mediated immune responses, and p22phox was identified as a novel NOD2 interactor. In conclusion, we detected missense variants in a veoIBD patient that disrupt the host response to bacterial challenges and reduce protective innate immune signaling via NOD2. We assume that the patient's individual genetic makeup favored disturbed intestinal mucosal barrier function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Lipinski
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology (IKMB), Christian-Albrechts-University, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Britt-Sabina Petersen
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology (IKMB), Christian-Albrechts-University, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Matthias Barann
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology (IKMB), Christian-Albrechts-University, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Agnes Piecyk
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology (IKMB), Christian-Albrechts-University, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Florian Tran
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology (IKMB), Christian-Albrechts-University, 24105 Kiel, Germany.,Department of General Internal Medicine, Christian-Albrechts-University, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Gabriele Mayr
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology (IKMB), Christian-Albrechts-University, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Marlene Jentzsch
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology (IKMB), Christian-Albrechts-University, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Konrad Aden
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology (IKMB), Christian-Albrechts-University, 24105 Kiel, Germany.,Department of General Internal Medicine, Christian-Albrechts-University, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Stephanie T Stengel
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology (IKMB), Christian-Albrechts-University, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Ulrich C Klostermeier
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology (IKMB), Christian-Albrechts-University, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Vrunda Sheth
- Life Technologies, Beverly, Massachusetts 01915, USA
| | - David Ellinghaus
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology (IKMB), Christian-Albrechts-University, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Tobias Rausch
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Genome Biology Unit, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jan O Korbel
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Genome Biology Unit, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Nothnagel
- Institute of Medical Informatics and Statistics (IMIS), Christian-Albrechts University, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Michael Krawczak
- Institute of Medical Informatics and Statistics (IMIS), Christian-Albrechts University, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Christian Gilissen
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6525, The Netherlands
| | - Joris A Veltman
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6525, The Netherlands.,Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Forster
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology (IKMB), Christian-Albrechts-University, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Peter Forster
- Murray Edwards College, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0DF, United Kingdom
| | - Clarence C Lee
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Christian-Albrechts-University, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Annette Fritscher-Ravens
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Christian-Albrechts-University, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Stefan Schreiber
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology (IKMB), Christian-Albrechts-University, 24105 Kiel, Germany.,Department of General Internal Medicine, Christian-Albrechts-University, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Andre Franke
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology (IKMB), Christian-Albrechts-University, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Philip Rosenstiel
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology (IKMB), Christian-Albrechts-University, 24105 Kiel, Germany
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28
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Vinayaga-Pavan M, Frampton M, Pontikos N, Levine AP, Smith PJ, Jonasson JG, Björnsson ES, Segal AW, Smith AM. Elevation in Cell Cycle and Protein Metabolism Gene Transcription in Inactive Colonic Tissue From Icelandic Patients With Ulcerative Colitis. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2019; 25:317-327. [PMID: 30452647 PMCID: PMC6327231 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izy350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A combination of genetic and environmental factors is thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC). In Iceland, the incidence of UC is one of the highest in the world. The aim of this study was to characterize patients with UC and identify potential germline mutations and pathways that could be associated with UC in this population. METHODS Exome sequencing and genome-wide microarray analysis on macroscopically noninflamed colonic mucosa from patients and controls were performed. Exome sequence data were examined for very rare or novel mutations that were over-represented in the UC cohort. Combined matching of variant analysis and downstream influence on transcriptomic expression in the rectum were analyzed. RESULTS One thousand eight hundred thirty-eight genes were differentially expressed in rectal tissue from UC patients and identified an upregulation in genes associated with cell cycle control and protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Two missense mutations in thiopurine S-methyltransferase (TPMT) with a minor allele frequency of 0.22 in the UC patients compared with a reported 0.062 in the Icelandic population were identified. A predicted damaging mutation in the gene SLC26A3 is potentially associated with increased expression of DUOX2 and DUOXA2 in rectal tissue. CONCLUSIONS Colonic mucosa of UC patients demonstrates evidence of an elevation in genes involving cell proliferation and processing of proteins within the ER. Exome sequencing identified a possible increased prevalence of 2 damaging TPMT variants within the UC population, suggesting screening the UC population before initiation of thiopurine analogue therapy to avoid toxicity associated with these mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nikolas Pontikos
- UCL Genetics Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Jon G Jonasson
- Department of Pathology, Landspitali University Hospital Reykjavik, Iceland,Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Einar S Björnsson
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | | | - Andrew M Smith
- Microbial Diseases, Eastman Dental Institute,Molecular Medicine, Division of Medicine,Address correspondence to: Andrew M. Smith, PhD, Microbial Diseases, Eastman Dental Institute, Rayne Building, 5 University Street, University College London, London WC1E 6JF, United Kingdom ()
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29
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Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are highly reactive oxygen derivatives. Initially, they were considered as metabolic by-products (of mitochondria in particular), which consistently lead to aging and disease. Over the last decades, however, it became increasingly apparent that virtually all eukaryotic cells possess specifically ROS-producing enzymes, namely, NOX NADPH oxidases. In most mammals, there are seven NOX isoforms: three closely related isoforms, NOX1, 2, 3, which are activated by cytoplasmic subunits; NOX4, which appears to be constitutively active; and the EF-hand-containing Ca2+-activated isoforms NOX5 and DUOX1 and 2. Loss-of-function mutations in NOX genes can lead to serious human disease. NOX2 deficiency leads to primary immune deficiency, while DUOX2 deficiency presents as congenital hypothyroidism. Nox-deficient mice provide important tools to explore the physiological functions of various NADPH oxidases as a loss of function in Nox2, Nox3, and Duox2 leads to a spontaneous phenotype. The genetic absence of Nox1, Nox4, and Duox1 does not result in an obvious mouse phenotype (the NOX5 gene is absent in rodents and can therefore not be studied using knockout mice). Since the discovery of the NOX family at the turn of the millennium, much progress in understanding the biochemistry and the physiology of NOX has been made; however many questions remain unanswered to date. This chapter is an overview of our present knowledge on mammalian NOX/DUOX enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Buvelot
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Vincent Jaquet
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Karl-Heinz Krause
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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30
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Korzeniowska A, Donkó ÁP, Morand S, Leto TL. Functional Characterization of DUOX Enzymes in Reconstituted Cell Models. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1982:173-190. [PMID: 31172473 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9424-3_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Biosynthesis of active human dual oxidases (DUOX1 and DUOX2) requires maturation factors, a.k.a. DUOX activator proteins (DUOXA1 and DUOXA2), that form covalent complexes with DUOX; both chains together represent the mature catalytic unit that functions as a dedicated hydrogen peroxide-generating enzyme. Genetic defects in DUOX2 or DUOXA2 can result in congenital hypothyroidism, whereas partial defects in DUOX2 activity also have been associated with very early-onset inflammatory bowel disease. Our understanding of the links between DUOX dysfunction and these diseases remains incomplete. An important challenge in developing a better understanding of the pathogenic roles of DUOX defects requires robust and reliable DUOX reconstitution cell models to examine the functional consequences of candidate DUOX missense mutations and polymorphisms. Here, we describe methods for efficient heterologous DUOX/DUOXA co-expression and functional characterization, including detailed assessments of posttranslational processing and subcellular translocation of DUOX that accompanies the maturation of these enzymes into catalytically active NADPH oxidases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Korzeniowska
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ágnes P Donkó
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Stanislas Morand
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.,L'Oreal Advanced Research, Aulnay-Sous-Bois, Paris, France
| | - Thomas L Leto
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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31
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Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are critical redox regulators of cellular dynamics controlling homeostasis. Although numerous fluorescent probes are currently available to measure ROS in cell-based assays, the short-lived nature of these molecules renders their detection challenging in more complex biological systems, such as the gastrointestinal tract in vivo. However, in the past decade, significant progress has been made in the development of novel imaging technologies and probes, facilitating ROS quantification with high sensitivity, selectivity, and temporal resolution. The IVIS Spectrum (PerkinElmer) is an optical imaging system for small animal imaging allowing precise and noninvasive visualization of fluorescent or bioluminescent signals. Here, we describe a reproducible and comprehensive method for the measurement of physiological intestinal NADPH oxidase-derived ROS by using the chemiluminescent probe L-012. Using transgenic mice deficient in Nox isoforms expressed in the intestinal mucosa, we delineate the contribution of gut epithelial versus immune cell NADPH oxidase activity in homeostatic conditions. We also discuss L-012 probe specificity and potential alternatives for in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emer Conroy
- Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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32
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Abstract
Extracellular hydrogen peroxide is required for thyroperoxidase-mediated thyroid hormone synthesis in the follicular lumen of the thyroid gland. Among the NADPH oxidases, dual oxidases, DUOX1 and DUOX2, constitute a distinct subfamily initially identified as thyroid oxidases, based on their level of expression in the thyroid. Despite their high sequence similarity, the two isoforms present distinct regulations, tissue expression, and catalytic functions. Inactivating mutations in many of the genes involved in thyroid hormone synthesis cause thyroid dyshormonogenesis associated with iodide organification defect. This chapter provides an overview of the genetic alterations in DUOX2 and its maturation factor, DUOXA2, causing inherited severe hypothyroidism that clearly demonstrate the physiological implication of this oxidase in thyroid hormonogenesis. Mutations in the DUOX2 gene have been described in permanent but also in transient forms of congenital hypothyroidism. Moreover, accumulating evidence demonstrates that the high phenotypic variability associated with altered DUOX2 function is not directly related to the number of inactivated DUOX2 alleles, suggesting the existence of other pathophysiological factors. The presence of two DUOX isoforms and their corresponding maturation factors in the same organ could certainly constitute an efficient redundant mechanism to maintain sufficient H2O2 supply for iodide organification. Many of the reported DUOX2 missense variants have not been functionally characterized, their clinical impact in the observed phenotype remaining unresolved, especially in mild transient congenital hypothyroidism. DUOX2 function should be carefully evaluated using an in vitro assay wherein (1) DUOXA2 is co-expressed, (2) H2O2 production is activated, (3) and DUOX2 membrane expression is precisely analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier De Deken
- Faculté de Médecine, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire (IRIBHM), Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Françoise Miot
- Faculté de Médecine, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire (IRIBHM), Brussels, Belgium
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33
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Abstract
Almost half of patients with chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) suffer from gastrointestinal (GI) inflammation, the pathogenesis of which is complex and multifactorial. As a result, the management of CGD-associated GI inflammation remains challenging due to its chronicity and difficulty in managing the simultaneous need for immunomodulation with increased susceptibility to infection. In order to contextualize prospective treatment interventions for CGD-associated GI inflammation, we have reviewed the clinical presentation, pathogenesis and current management of this disease. Increased understanding of the role of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase complex 2 (NOX2)-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS) in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) will likely reveal novel targets for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Liana Falcone
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology (LCIM), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Steven M Holland
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology (LCIM), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
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34
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Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), categorized as ulcerative colitis (UC), Crohn's disease (CD), or IBD-undetermined (IBDU), are increasing in incidence. IBD is understood to result from environmental factors interacting with a pre-existing genetic susceptibility. Approximately 1% of all patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are diagnosed before the age of 6 years, designated as very-early-onset IBD (VEOIBD). This cohort of patients is distinguished from other age groups by differences in disease phenotype and by a higher burden of genetic mutations. Recent studies have linked mutations in NADPH oxidase function to VEOIBD and even pediatric IBD. Loss-of-function NOX2 variants expressed in phagocytes and NOX1/DUOX2 variants expressed in intestinal epithelial cells have been associated with VEOIBD and pediatric and adult IBD in patients. Cell and animal studies suggest a protective role for these reactive oxygen species (ROS)-producing enzymes in intestinal homeostasis-a paradigm that challenges the conventional concept that only increased ROS result in cell and tissue damage. Examining the role of NADPH oxidases in VEOIBD may improve our understanding of the pathophysiology of this disease and will uncover new therapeutic possibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Stenke
- Conway Institute, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Billy Bourke
- Conway Institute, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Our Lady's Children's Hospital Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ulla G Knaus
- Conway Institute, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
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35
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Charbit-Henrion F, Parlato M, Hanein S, Duclaux-Loras R, Nowak J, Begue B, Rakotobe S, Bruneau J, Fourrage C, Alibeu O, Rieux-Laucat F, Lévy E, Stolzenberg MC, Mazerolles F, Latour S, Lenoir C, Fischer A, Picard C, Aloi M, Dias JA, Hariz MB, Bourrier A, Breuer C, Breton A, Bronsky J, Buderus S, Cananzi M, Coopman S, Crémilleux C, Dabadie A, Dumant-Forest C, Gurkan OE, Fabre A, Fischer A, Diaz MG, Gonzalez-Lama Y, Goulet O, Guariso G, Gurcan N, Homan M, Hugot JP, Jeziorski E, Karanika E, Lachaux A, Lewindon P, Lima R, Magro F, Major J, Malamut G, Mas E, Mattyus I, Mearin LM, Melek J, Navas-Lopez VM, Paerregaard A, Pelatan C, Pigneur B, Pais IP, Rebeuh J, Romano C, Siala N, Strisciuglio C, Tempia-Caliera M, Tounian P, Turner D, Urbonas V, Willot S, Ruemmele FM, Cerf-Bensussan N. Diagnostic Yield of Next-generation Sequencing in Very Early-onset Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: A Multicentre Study. J Crohns Colitis 2018; 12:1104-1112. [PMID: 29788237 PMCID: PMC6113703 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjy068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Revised: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS An expanding number of monogenic defects have been identified as causative of severe forms of very early-onset inflammatory bowel diseases [VEO-IBD]. The present study aimed at defining how next-generation sequencing [NGS] methods can be used to improve identification of known molecular diagnosis and to adapt treatment. METHODS A total of 207 children were recruited in 45 paediatric centres through an international collaborative network [ESPGHAN GENIUS working group] with a clinical presentation of severe VEO-IBD [n = 185] or an anamnesis suggestive of a monogenic disorder [n = 22]. Patients were divided at inclusion into three phenotypic subsets: predominantly small bowel inflammation, colitis with perianal lesions, and colitis only. Methods to obtain molecular diagnosis included functional tests followed by specific Sanger sequencing, custom-made targeted NGS, and in selected cases whole exome sequencing [WES] of parents-child trios. Genetic findings were validated clinically and/or functionally. RESULTS Molecular diagnosis was achieved in 66/207 children [32%]: 61% with small bowel inflammation, 39% with colitis and perianal lesions, and 18% with colitis only. Targeted NGS pinpointed gene mutations causative of atypical presentations, and identified large exonic copy number variations previously missed by WES. CONCLUSIONS Our results lead us to propose an optimised diagnostic strategy to identify known monogenic causes of severe IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabienne Charbit-Henrion
- INSERM, UMR1163, Laboratory of Intestinal Immunity, and Imagine Institute, Paris, France,Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France,Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Unit, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France,GENIUS Group [GENetically ImmUne–mediated enteropathieS] from the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition [ESPGHAN]
| | - Marianna Parlato
- INSERM, UMR1163, Laboratory of Intestinal Immunity, and Imagine Institute, Paris, France,Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France,GENIUS Group [GENetically ImmUne–mediated enteropathieS] from the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition [ESPGHAN]
| | - Sylvain Hanein
- INSERM, UMR 1163 Translational Genetic, and Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Rémi Duclaux-Loras
- INSERM, UMR1163, Laboratory of Intestinal Immunity, and Imagine Institute, Paris, France,Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France,GENIUS Group [GENetically ImmUne–mediated enteropathieS] from the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition [ESPGHAN]
| | - Jan Nowak
- INSERM, UMR1163, Laboratory of Intestinal Immunity, and Imagine Institute, Paris, France,Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France,GENIUS Group [GENetically ImmUne–mediated enteropathieS] from the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition [ESPGHAN],Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology and Metabolic Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Bernadette Begue
- INSERM, UMR1163, Laboratory of Intestinal Immunity, and Imagine Institute, Paris, France,Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France,GENIUS Group [GENetically ImmUne–mediated enteropathieS] from the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition [ESPGHAN]
| | - Sabine Rakotobe
- INSERM, UMR1163, Laboratory of Intestinal Immunity, and Imagine Institute, Paris, France,Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France,GENIUS Group [GENetically ImmUne–mediated enteropathieS] from the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition [ESPGHAN]
| | - Julie Bruneau
- Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France,Pathology Department, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Cécile Fourrage
- Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France,Bioinformatics Platform, Imagine Institute Paris, France
| | - Olivier Alibeu
- Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France,Genomic Platform, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Rieux-Laucat
- Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France,INSERM, UMR1163, Immunogenetics of Paediatric Autoimmunity, and Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Eva Lévy
- Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France,INSERM, UMR1163, Immunogenetics of Paediatric Autoimmunity, and Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Claude Stolzenberg
- Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France,INSERM, UMR1163, Immunogenetics of Paediatric Autoimmunity, and Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Fabienne Mazerolles
- Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France,INSERM, UMR1163, Immunogenetics of Paediatric Autoimmunity, and Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Sylvain Latour
- Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France,INSERM, UMR1163, Lymphocyte activation and EBV susceptibility, and Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Christelle Lenoir
- Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France,INSERM, UMR1163, Lymphocyte activation and EBV susceptibility, and Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Alain Fischer
- Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France,Collège de France, Médecine expérimentale, Paris, France,INSERM UMR 1163 and Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Capucine Picard
- Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France,INSERM, UMR1163, Lymphocyte activation and EBV susceptibility, and Imagine Institute, Paris, France,Investigation Centre for Immunodeficiency, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris and Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Marina Aloi
- GENIUS Group [GENetically ImmUne–mediated enteropathieS] from the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition [ESPGHAN],Sapienza University of Rome, Paediatric Gastroenterology and Liver Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Rome, Italy
| | - Jorge Amil Dias
- GENIUS Group [GENetically ImmUne–mediated enteropathieS] from the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition [ESPGHAN],Department of Paediatrics, Centro Hospitalar São João, Porto, Portugal
| | - Mongi Ben Hariz
- GENIUS Group [GENetically ImmUne–mediated enteropathieS] from the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition [ESPGHAN],Department of Paediatrics, Hopital La Marsa, Tunisia
| | - Anne Bourrier
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hôpital St Antoine, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Christian Breuer
- GENIUS Group [GENetically ImmUne–mediated enteropathieS] from the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition [ESPGHAN],Department of Paediatrics, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anne Breton
- GENIUS Group [GENetically ImmUne–mediated enteropathieS] from the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition [ESPGHAN],Department of Paediatrics, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Nutrition, and Diabetes, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Jiri Bronsky
- GENIUS Group [GENetically ImmUne–mediated enteropathieS] from the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition [ESPGHAN],University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Stephan Buderus
- GENIUS Group [GENetically ImmUne–mediated enteropathieS] from the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition [ESPGHAN],St. Marien Hospital, Bonn, Germany
| | - Mara Cananzi
- GENIUS Group [GENetically ImmUne–mediated enteropathieS] from the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition [ESPGHAN],Unit of Paediatric Hepatology, Department of Woman and Child Health, University Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Stéphanie Coopman
- GENIUS Group [GENetically ImmUne–mediated enteropathieS] from the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition [ESPGHAN],Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Paediatrics, Jeanne De Flandre Children’s Hospital, Lille University Faculty of Medicine, Lille, France
| | - Clara Crémilleux
- GENIUS Group [GENetically ImmUne–mediated enteropathieS] from the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition [ESPGHAN],Department of Paediatrics, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de St-Etienne, St-Etienne, France
| | - Alain Dabadie
- GENIUS Group [GENetically ImmUne–mediated enteropathieS] from the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition [ESPGHAN],Service de médecine de l’enfant et de l’adolescent, Hôpital Sud – Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Clémentine Dumant-Forest
- GENIUS Group [GENetically ImmUne–mediated enteropathieS] from the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition [ESPGHAN],Department of Paediatrics, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Charles Nicolle, Rouen, France
| | - Odul Egritas Gurkan
- GENIUS Group [GENetically ImmUne–mediated enteropathieS] from the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition [ESPGHAN],Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Alexandre Fabre
- GENIUS Group [GENetically ImmUne–mediated enteropathieS] from the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition [ESPGHAN],Department of Paediatrics, Assistance publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, Hôpital de la Timone, Marseille, France
| | - Aude Fischer
- GENIUS Group [GENetically ImmUne–mediated enteropathieS] from the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition [ESPGHAN],Department of Paediatrics, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Sud Réunion, St Pierre, France
| | - Marta German Diaz
- GENIUS Group [GENetically ImmUne–mediated enteropathieS] from the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition [ESPGHAN],Unit of Paediatric Nutrition, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Yago Gonzalez-Lama
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Unit, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro–Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Olivier Goulet
- Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France,Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Unit, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France,GENIUS Group [GENetically ImmUne–mediated enteropathieS] from the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition [ESPGHAN]
| | - Graziella Guariso
- GENIUS Group [GENetically ImmUne–mediated enteropathieS] from the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition [ESPGHAN],University of Padua, Italy
| | - Neslihan Gurcan
- GENIUS Group [GENetically ImmUne–mediated enteropathieS] from the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition [ESPGHAN],Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Matjaz Homan
- GENIUS Group [GENetically ImmUne–mediated enteropathieS] from the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition [ESPGHAN],Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University Children’s Hospital, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Jean-Pierre Hugot
- GENIUS Group [GENetically ImmUne–mediated enteropathieS] from the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition [ESPGHAN],Departments of Paediatric Digestive and Respiratory Diseases, Hôpital Robert-Debré, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Eric Jeziorski
- GENIUS Group [GENetically ImmUne–mediated enteropathieS] from the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition [ESPGHAN],Department of Paediatrics, Infectious diseases and Immunology, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Evi Karanika
- GENIUS Group [GENetically ImmUne–mediated enteropathieS] from the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition [ESPGHAN],Department of Paediatrics, University General Hospital of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Alain Lachaux
- GENIUS Group [GENetically ImmUne–mediated enteropathieS] from the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition [ESPGHAN],Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Centre de Nutrition parentérale à domicile, Hôpital Femme–Mère–Enfant CHU de Lyon HCL - GH Est, Bron, France
| | - Peter Lewindon
- GENIUS Group [GENetically ImmUne–mediated enteropathieS] from the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition [ESPGHAN],Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Lady Cilento Children’s Hospital and the Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, TUniversity of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Rosa Lima
- GENIUS Group [GENetically ImmUne–mediated enteropathieS] from the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition [ESPGHAN],Department of Paediatrics, Centro Hospitalar São João, Porto, Portugal
| | - Fernando Magro
- Gastroenterology Department, Hospital de São João, Institute of Pharmacology and Therapeutics Faculty of Medicine and MedInUP - Centre for Drug Discovery and Innovative Medicines, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Janos Major
- GENIUS Group [GENetically ImmUne–mediated enteropathieS] from the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition [ESPGHAN],MRE Bethesda Gyermekkórháza; Department of Pediatrics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Georgia Malamut
- INSERM, UMR1163, Laboratory of Intestinal Immunity, and Imagine Institute, Paris, France,Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France,Department of Gastroenterology, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuel Mas
- GENIUS Group [GENetically ImmUne–mediated enteropathieS] from the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition [ESPGHAN],Department of Paediatrics, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Nutrition, and Diabetes, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Istvan Mattyus
- GENIUS Group [GENetically ImmUne–mediated enteropathieS] from the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition [ESPGHAN],Semmelweis University; Department of Paediatrics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Luisa M Mearin
- GENIUS Group [GENetically ImmUne–mediated enteropathieS] from the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition [ESPGHAN],Leiden University Medical Centre, Department of Paediatrics, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Melek
- GENIUS Group [GENetically ImmUne–mediated enteropathieS] from the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition [ESPGHAN],University Hospital, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Victor Manuel Navas-Lopez
- GENIUS Group [GENetically ImmUne–mediated enteropathieS] from the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition [ESPGHAN],Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Departamento de Pediatría, Malaga, Spain
| | - Anders Paerregaard
- GENIUS Group [GENetically ImmUne–mediated enteropathieS] from the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition [ESPGHAN],Hvidovre University Hospital, Department of Paediatrics, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Cecile Pelatan
- GENIUS Group [GENetically ImmUne–mediated enteropathieS] from the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition [ESPGHAN],Department of Paediatrics, Centre Hospitalier du Mans, Le Mans, France
| | - Bénédicte Pigneur
- INSERM, UMR1163, Laboratory of Intestinal Immunity, and Imagine Institute, Paris, France,Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France,Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Unit, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France,GENIUS Group [GENetically ImmUne–mediated enteropathieS] from the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition [ESPGHAN]
| | - Isabel Pinto Pais
- GENIUS Group [GENetically ImmUne–mediated enteropathieS] from the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition [ESPGHAN],Centro Hospitalar Gaia Espinho, Department of Paediatrics, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
| | - Julie Rebeuh
- GENIUS Group [GENetically ImmUne–mediated enteropathieS] from the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition [ESPGHAN],Department of Paediatrics, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Claudio Romano
- GENIUS Group [GENetically ImmUne–mediated enteropathieS] from the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition [ESPGHAN],Department of Paediatrics, Hospital of Messina, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Nadia Siala
- GENIUS Group [GENetically ImmUne–mediated enteropathieS] from the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition [ESPGHAN],Department of Paediatrics, Hôpital Mongi Slim, La Marsa, Tunisia
| | - Caterina Strisciuglio
- GENIUS Group [GENetically ImmUne–mediated enteropathieS] from the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition [ESPGHAN],Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialized Surgery, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Michela Tempia-Caliera
- GENIUS Group [GENetically ImmUne–mediated enteropathieS] from the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition [ESPGHAN],Department of Paediatrics, FMH Pédiatrie et FA Gastroentérologie et hépatologie, Clinique des Grangettes, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Tounian
- GENIUS Group [GENetically ImmUne–mediated enteropathieS] from the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition [ESPGHAN],Department of Paediatric Nutrition and Gastroenterology, Hôpital Armand Trousseau, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Dan Turner
- GENIUS Group [GENetically ImmUne–mediated enteropathieS] from the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition [ESPGHAN],Shaare Zedek Medical Centre, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Vaidotas Urbonas
- GENIUS Group [GENetically ImmUne–mediated enteropathieS] from the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition [ESPGHAN],Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Vilnius University Clinic for Children’s Diseases, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Stéphanie Willot
- GENIUS Group [GENetically ImmUne–mediated enteropathieS] from the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition [ESPGHAN],Department of Paediatrics, Centre hospitalier régional universitaire, Hôpital Clocheville, Tours, France
| | - Frank M Ruemmele
- INSERM, UMR1163, Laboratory of Intestinal Immunity, and Imagine Institute, Paris, France,Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France,Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Unit, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France,GENIUS Group [GENetically ImmUne–mediated enteropathieS] from the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition [ESPGHAN]
| | - Nadine Cerf-Bensussan
- INSERM, UMR1163, Laboratory of Intestinal Immunity, and Imagine Institute, Paris, France,Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France,GENIUS Group [GENetically ImmUne–mediated enteropathieS] from the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition [ESPGHAN],Corresponding author: Nadine Cerf-Bensussan, Laboratory of Intestinal Immunity, Institut IMAGINE-INSERM 1163, Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité. 24, boulevard du Montparnasse. 75015 Paris, France. Tel: 33-[0]1-42-75-42-88;
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36
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Grasberger H, Noureldin M, Kao TD, Adler J, Lee JM, Bishu S, El-Zaatari M, Kao JY, Waljee AK. Increased risk for inflammatory bowel disease in congenital hypothyroidism supports the existence of a shared susceptibility factor. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10158. [PMID: 29977049 PMCID: PMC6033893 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-28586-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Loss-of-function mutations in dual oxidase (DUOX) 2 are the most common genetic variants found in congenital hypothyroidism (CH), and similar mutations have been recently reported in few very-early-onset inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients without CH. If DUOX2 variants indeed increase susceptibility for IBD, the enrichment of DUOX2 mutation carriers among CH patients should be reflected in higher risk for developing IBD. Using a database containing health insurance claims data for over 230 million patients in the United States, 42,922 subjects with CH were identified based on strict inclusion criteria using diagnostic codes. For subgroup analysis, CH patients with pharmacy records were stratified as transient or permanent CH based on the absence or presence of levothyroxine treatment, respectively. Patients were matched to an equal-sized, age- and gender-matched non-CH group. Compared to controls, CH patients had a 73% higher overall IBD prevalence (0.52% vs 0.30%; P < 0.0001). The CH-associated relative risk was higher for indeterminate or ulcerative colitis than Crohn’s disease. Patients with transient CH had higher odds for IBD (OR 2.39 (95% CI 1.77–3.23) than those with permanent CH (1.69 (95% CI 1.31–2.18). We conclude that patients with CH are at an increased risk of developing IBD. The risk was highest for patients with transient CH, for which partial defects in the DUOX2 system are a particularly common finding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helmut Grasberger
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109, USA
| | - Mohamed Noureldin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109, USA.,Veterans Affairs Center for Clinical Management Research, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109, USA
| | - Timothy D Kao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109, USA
| | - Jeremy Adler
- Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109, USA.,Child Health Evaluation and Research (CHEAR) Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109, USA
| | - Joyce M Lee
- Child Health Evaluation and Research (CHEAR) Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109, USA
| | - Shrinivas Bishu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109, USA
| | - Mohamad El-Zaatari
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109, USA
| | - John Y Kao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109, USA.
| | - Akbar K Waljee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109, USA. .,Veterans Affairs Center for Clinical Management Research, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109, USA.
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37
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NADPH oxidases and ROS signaling in the gastrointestinal tract. Mucosal Immunol 2018; 11:1011-1023. [PMID: 29743611 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-018-0021-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS), initially categorized as toxic by-products of aerobic metabolism, have often been called a double-edged sword. ROS are considered indispensable when host defense and redox signaling is concerned and a threat in inflammatory or degenerative diseases. This generalization does not take in account the diversity of oxygen metabolites being generated, their physicochemical characteristics and their production by distinct enzymes in space and time. NOX/DUOX NADPH oxidases are the only enzymes solely dedicated to ROS production and the prime ROS producer for intracellular and intercellular communication due to their widespread expression and intricate regulation. Here we discuss new insights of how NADPH oxidases act via ROS as multifaceted regulators of the intestinal barrier in homeostasis, infectious disease and intestinal inflammation. A closer look at monogenic VEOIBD and commensals as ROS source supports the view of H2O2 as key beneficial messenger in the barrier ecosystem.
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38
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Singh AK, Hertzberger RY, Knaus UG. Hydrogen peroxide production by lactobacilli promotes epithelial restitution during colitis. Redox Biol 2018; 16:11-20. [PMID: 29471162 PMCID: PMC5835490 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a multifactorial chronic inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract, characterized by cycles of acute flares, recovery and remission phases. Treatments for accelerating tissue restitution and prolonging remission are scarce, but altering the microbiota composition to promote intestinal homeostasis is considered a safe, economic and promising approach. Although probiotic bacteria have not yet fulfilled fully their promise in clinical trials, understanding the mechanism of how they exert beneficial effects will permit devising improved therapeutic strategies. Here we probe if one of the defining features of lactobacilli, the ability to generate nanomolar H2O2, contributes to their beneficial role in colitis. H2O2 generation by wild type L. johnsonii was modified by either deleting or overexpressing the enzymatic H2O2 source(s) followed by orally administering the bacteria before and during DSS colitis. Boosting luminal H2O2 concentrations within a physiological range accelerated recovery from colitis, while significantly exceeding this H2O2 level triggered bacteraemia. This study supports a role for increasing H2O2 within the physiological range at the epithelial barrier, independently of the enzymatic source and/or delivery mechanism, for inducing recovery and remission in IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish K Singh
- Conway Institute, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Rosanne Y Hertzberger
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; NIZO Food Research, Ede, The Netherlands
| | - Ulla G Knaus
- Conway Institute, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
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39
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van der Vliet A, Danyal K, Heppner DE. Dual oxidase: a novel therapeutic target in allergic disease. Br J Pharmacol 2018; 175:1401-1418. [PMID: 29405261 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
NADPH oxidases (NOXs) represent a family of enzymes that mediate regulated cellular production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and play various functional roles in physiology. Among the NOX family, the dual oxidases DUOX1 and DUOX2 are prominently expressed in epithelial cell types at mucosal surfaces and have therefore been considered to have important roles in innate host defence pathways. Recent studies have revealed important insights into the host defence mechanisms of DUOX enzymes, which control innate immune response pathways in response to either microbial or allergic triggers. In this review, we discuss the current level of understanding with respect to the biological role(s) of DUOX enzymes and the unique role of DUOX1 in mediating innate immune responses to epithelial injury and allergens and in the development of allergic disease. These novel findings highlight DUOX1 as an attractive therapeutic target, and opportunities for the development of selective inhibitor strategies will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert van der Vliet
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Robert Larner, M.D. College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA.,Vermont Lung Center, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Karamatullah Danyal
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Robert Larner, M.D. College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA.,Vermont Lung Center, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - David E Heppner
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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