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Salazar-García S, Ibáñez-Salazar A, Lares-Villaseñor E, Gaytan Pacheco N, Uresti-Rivera E, Portales-Pérez DP, De la Cruz-Mosso U, Vargas-Morales JM. Analysis of SIRT1 genetic variants in young Mexican individuals: relationships with overweight and obesity. Front Genet 2024; 15:1278201. [PMID: 38645486 PMCID: PMC11027998 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1278201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The high prevalence of obesity in Mexico starting from the early stages of life is concerning and represents a major public health problem. Genetic association studies have reported that single nucleotide variants (SNVs) in SIRT1, an NAD+-dependent deacetylase that plays an important role in the regulation of metabolic cellular functions, are associated with multiple metabolic disorders and the risk of obesity. In the present study, we analyzed the effect that the SNVs rs1467568 and rs7895833 of the SIRT1 gene may have on cardiometabolic risk factors in a young adult population from Mexico. A cross-sectional study was carried out with young adults between the ages of 18 and 25 who had a body mass index (BMI) greater than 18.5 kg/m2. This study included 1122 young adults who were classified into the normal weight (n = 731), overweight group (n = 277), and obesity group (n = 114) according to BMI of whom 405 and 404 volunteers were genotyped for rs1467568 and rs7895833 respectively using TaqMan probes through allelic discrimination assays. We found that the male sex carrying the G allele of rs7895833 had slightly lower BMI levels (p = 0.009). Furthermore, subjects carrying rs1467568 (G allele) showed a 34% lower probability of presenting with hyperbetalipoproteinemia where female carrying rs1467568 had lower levels of total cholesterol (p = 0.030), triglycerides (p = 0.026) and LDL cholesterol (p = 0.013). In conclusion, these findings suggest that the presence of both SNVs could have a non-risk effect against dyslipidemia in the Mexican population.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Salazar-García
- Laboratorio de Análisis Clínicos, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México
| | - A. Ibáñez-Salazar
- Unidad Académica de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas ¨Francisco García Salinas, Zacatecas, México
| | - E. Lares-Villaseñor
- Laboratorio de Análisis Clínicos, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México
| | - Noemi Gaytan Pacheco
- Unidad Académica de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas ¨Francisco García Salinas, Zacatecas, México
| | - E. Uresti-Rivera
- Laboratorio de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México
| | - D. P. Portales-Pérez
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud y Biomedicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México
| | - U. De la Cruz-Mosso
- Red de Inmunonutrición y Genómica Nutricional en las Enfermedades Autoinmunes, Instituto de Neurociencias Traslacionales, Departamento de Neurociencias, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, México
| | - J. M. Vargas-Morales
- Laboratorio de Análisis Clínicos, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México
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Mehramiz M, Porter T, O’Brien EK, Rainey-Smith SR, Laws SM. A Potential Role for Sirtuin-1 in Alzheimer's Disease: Reviewing the Biological and Environmental Evidence. J Alzheimers Dis Rep 2023; 7:823-843. [PMID: 37662612 PMCID: PMC10473168 DOI: 10.3233/adr-220088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Sirtuin-1 (Sirt1), encoded by the SIRT1 gene, is a conserved Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) dependent deacetylase enzyme, considered as the master regulator of metabolism in humans. Sirt1 contributes to a wide range of biological pathways via several mechanisms influenced by lifestyle, such as diet and exercise. The importance of a healthy lifestyle is of relevance to highly prevalent modern chronic diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). There is growing evidence at multiple levels for a role of Sirt1/SIRT1 in AD pathological mechanisms. As such, this review will explore the relevance of Sirt1 to AD pathological mechanisms, by describing the involvement of Sirt1/SIRT1 in the development of AD pathological hallmarks, through its impact on the metabolism of amyloid-β and degradation of phosphorylated tau. We then explore the involvement of Sirt1/SIRT1 across different AD-relevant biological processes, including cholesterol metabolism, inflammation, circadian rhythm, and gut microbiome, before discussing the interplay between Sirt1 and AD-related lifestyle factors, such as diet, physical activity, and smoking, as well as depression, a common comorbidity. Genome-wide association studies have explored potential associations between SIRT1 and AD, as well as AD risk factors and co-morbidities. We summarize this evidence at the genetic level to highlight links between SIRT1 and AD, particularly associations with AD-related risk factors, such as heart disease. Finally, we review the current literature of potential interactions between SIRT1 genetic variants and lifestyle factors and how this evidence supports the need for further research to determine the relevance of these interactions with respect to AD and dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrane Mehramiz
- Centre for Precision Health, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
- Collaborative Genomics and Translation Group, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Tenielle Porter
- Centre for Precision Health, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
- Collaborative Genomics and Translation Group, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Eleanor K. O’Brien
- Centre for Precision Health, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
- Collaborative Genomics and Translation Group, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Stephanie R. Rainey-Smith
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
- Centre for Healthy Ageing, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Psychological Science, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Simon M. Laws
- Centre for Precision Health, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
- Collaborative Genomics and Translation Group, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
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Heidari L, Ghaderian SMH, Bastami M, Hosseini S, Alipour Parsa S, Heidari S, Jafari H, Sohrabifar N, Pirhoushiaran M. Reverse expression pattern of sirtuin-1 and histone deacetylase-9 in coronary artery disease. Arch Physiol Biochem 2023; 129:46-53. [PMID: 32758009 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2020.1797100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND SIRT1 and HDAC 9 genes are related to inflammation and may contribute to the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease (CAD). We aimed to evaluate the expression level, methylation profile and polymorphisms of these genes in CAD patients. METHODS In this study, 50 CAD patients and 50 healthy individuals were recruited. The expression level change was evaluated using the TaqMan Real-Time PCR method. The methylation of genes promoter and genotyping of polymorphisms were evaluated by the HRM. RESULTS The expression level of SIRT1 was reduced while the HDAC9 expression level showed a significant elevation (p < .001). The SIRT1 gene promoter was hypomethylated and the HDAC9 gene promoter was hypermethylated in CAD patients. Also, CG + GG genotype in SIRT1 and both genotypes in the HDAC9 gene were associated with expression change. CONCLUSIONS SIRT1 and HDAC9 genes, expression changes can be suggested as a potential biomarker for CAD detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laleh Heidari
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sayyed Mohammad Hossein Ghaderian
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Milad Bastami
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Shadi Hosseini
- Department of Medical Genetics Ward, Imam Khomeini, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Alipour Parsa
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sahel Heidari
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Jafari
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Jondishapour University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Nasim Sohrabifar
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Pirhoushiaran
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Vigili de Kreutzenberg S, Giannella A, Ceolotto G, Faggin E, Cappellari R, Mazzucato M, Fraccaro C, Tarantini G, Avogaro A, Fadini GP. A miR-125/Sirtuin-7 pathway drives the pro-calcific potential of myeloid cells in diabetic vascular disease. Diabetologia 2022; 65:1555-1568. [PMID: 35708762 PMCID: PMC9345831 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-022-05733-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Ectopic calcification is a typical feature of diabetic vascular disease and resembles an accelerated ageing phenotype. We previously found an excess of myeloid calcifying cells in diabetic individuals. We herein examined molecular and cellular pathways linking atherosclerotic calcification with calcification by myeloid cells in the diabetic milieu. METHODS We first examined the associations among coronary calcification, myeloid calcifying cell levels and mononuclear cell gene expression in a cross-sectional study of 87 participants with type 2 diabetes undergoing elective coronary angiography. Then, we undertook in vitro studies on mesenchymal stem cells and the THP-1 myeloid cell line to verify the causal relationships of the observed associations. RESULTS Coronary calcification was associated with 2.8-times-higher myeloid calcifying cell levels (p=0.037) and 50% elevated expression of the osteogenic gene RUNX2 in mononuclear cells, whereas expression of Sirtuin-7 (SIRT7) was inversely correlated with calcification. In standard differentiation assays of mesenchymal stem cells, SIRT7 knockdown activated the osteogenic program and worsened calcification, especially in the presence of high (20 mmol/l) glucose. In the myeloid cell line THP-1, SIRT7 downregulation drove a pro-calcific phenotype, whereas SIRT7 overexpression prevented high-glucose-induced calcification. Through the Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathway, high glucose induced miR-125b-5p, which in turn targeted SIRT7 in myeloid cells and was directly associated with coronary calcification. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION We describe a new pathway elicited by high glucose through the JAK/STAT cascade, involving regulation of SIRT7 by miR-125b-5p and driving calcification by myeloid cells. This pathway is associated with coronary calcification in diabetic individuals and may be a target against diabetic vascular disease. DATA AVAILABILITY RNA sequencing data are deposited in GEO (accession number GSE193510; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE193510 ).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Giulio Ceolotto
- Department of Medicine - DIMED, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Roberta Cappellari
- Department of Medicine - DIMED, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy
| | - Marta Mazzucato
- Department of Medicine - DIMED, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Chiara Fraccaro
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Tarantini
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Angelo Avogaro
- Department of Medicine - DIMED, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Gian Paolo Fadini
- Department of Medicine - DIMED, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy.
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Wang S, Hu S. The Role of Sirtuins in Osteogenic Differentiation of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells and Vascular Calcification. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:894692. [PMID: 35722093 PMCID: PMC9198215 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.894692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular calcification (VC) is a common pathological change in many chronic diseases, such as diabetes and chronic kidney disease. It is mainly deposited in the intima and media of vessels in the form of hydroxyapatite. Recently, a lot of research has been performed to show that VC is associated with various cellular stresses, such as hyperphosphate, hyperglycemia and oxidative stress. Unfortunately, our understanding of the pathogenesis of calcification is far from comprehensive. Sirtuins belong to a family of class III highly conserved deacetylases that are involved in the regulation of biological and cellular processes including mitochondrial biogenesis, metabolism, oxidative stress, inflammatory response, DNA repair, etc. Numerous studies have shown that sirtuins might play protective roles in VC, and restoring the activity of sirtuins may be a potentially effective treatment for VC. However, the exact mechanism of their vascular protection remains unclear. Here, we reviewed the roles of sirtuins in the osteogenic transformation of vascular smooth muscle cells and the development of VC. We also elucidated the applications of sirtuins agonists for the treatment of VC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangshuang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First People's Hospital of Wenling (The Affiliated Wenling Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University), Wenling, China
| | - Siwang Hu
- The Orthopedic Center, The First People's Hospital of Wenling (The Affiliated Wenling Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University), Wenling, China
- *Correspondence: Siwang Hu
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Dardano A, Lucchesi D, Garofolo M, Gualdani E, Falcetta P, Sancho Bornez V, Francesconi P, Del Prato S, Penno G. SIRT1 rs7896005 polymorphism affects major vascular outcomes, not all-cause mortality, in Caucasians with type 2 diabetes: A 13-year observational study. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2022; 38:e3523. [PMID: 35092334 PMCID: PMC9286639 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.3523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
AIMS SIRT1 exerts effects on ageing and lifespan, as well cardiovascular (CV) disease risk. SIRT1 gene is very polymorph with a few tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) so far identified. Some SNPs, including rs7896005, were associated with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). We aimed to ascertain whether this SNP may be associated with CV disease at baseline as well with these same outcomes and all-cause mortality over a 13-year follow-up. MATERIALS AND METHODS Genotypes of SIRT1 gene were determined using TaqMan SNP assay. RESULTS Out of 905 T2DM, 9.1% had the AA genotype, 43.2% the AG, and 47.7% the GG. Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium was met (minor allele frequency 0.306; p = 0.8899). At baseline, there was no difference across genotypes for sex, age, diabetes duration, CV risk factors, treatments, and microangiopathy. Major CV outcomes, myocardial infarction (MI), any coronary heart disease (CHD), and peripheral artery disease (PAD) were more frequent in GG than in AA/AG (p from 0.013 to 0.027), with no association with cerebrovascular events. By fully adjusted regression, GG remained independently related to major CV outcomes, MI, CHD, and PAD. Over follow-up, we recorded 258 major CV events (28.5%; AA/AG 25.2%, GG 32.2%; p = 0.014) with an adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of GG versus AA/AG of 1.296 (95% CI 1.007-1.668, p = 0.044); 169 coronary events (18.7%; AA/AG 15.4%, GG 22.2%; p = 0.006) with HR 1.522 (1.113-2.080, p = 0.008); 79 (8.7%) hospitalisation for heart failure (AA/AG 7.0%, GG 10.6%; p = 0.045) and HR 1.457 (0.919-2.309, p = 0.109); 36 PAD (4.0%; AA/AG 2.3%, GG 5.8%; p = 0.007) with HR 2.225 (1.057-4.684, p = 0.035). No association was found with cerebrovascular events, end stage renal disease, and all-cause mortality. CONCLUSIONS The rs7896005 SNP of SIRT1 might play a role in cardiovascular disease, mainly CHD risk in T2DM. Results call for larger association studies as well as studies to ascertain mechanisms by which this variant confers increased risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Dardano
- Section of Diabetes and Metabolic DiseaseDepartment of Clinical and Experimental MedicineUniversity of Pisa and Azienda Ospedaliero‐Universitaria PisanaPisaItaly
| | - Daniela Lucchesi
- Section of Diabetes and Metabolic DiseaseDepartment of Clinical and Experimental MedicineUniversity of Pisa and Azienda Ospedaliero‐Universitaria PisanaPisaItaly
| | - Monia Garofolo
- Section of Diabetes and Metabolic DiseaseDepartment of Clinical and Experimental MedicineUniversity of Pisa and Azienda Ospedaliero‐Universitaria PisanaPisaItaly
| | - Elisa Gualdani
- Epidemiology UnitRegional Health Agency (ARS) of TuscanyFlorenceItaly
| | - Pierpaolo Falcetta
- Section of Diabetes and Metabolic DiseaseDepartment of Clinical and Experimental MedicineUniversity of Pisa and Azienda Ospedaliero‐Universitaria PisanaPisaItaly
| | - Veronica Sancho Bornez
- Section of Diabetes and Metabolic DiseaseDepartment of Clinical and Experimental MedicineUniversity of Pisa and Azienda Ospedaliero‐Universitaria PisanaPisaItaly
| | - Paolo Francesconi
- Epidemiology UnitRegional Health Agency (ARS) of TuscanyFlorenceItaly
| | - Stefano Del Prato
- Section of Diabetes and Metabolic DiseaseDepartment of Clinical and Experimental MedicineUniversity of Pisa and Azienda Ospedaliero‐Universitaria PisanaPisaItaly
| | - Giuseppe Penno
- Section of Diabetes and Metabolic DiseaseDepartment of Clinical and Experimental MedicineUniversity of Pisa and Azienda Ospedaliero‐Universitaria PisanaPisaItaly
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Sirtuin1 and Sirtuin3 gene polymorphisms and acute myocardial infarction susceptibility. Meta Gene 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mgene.2021.100965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Hammad SK, Eissa RG, Shaheen MA, Younis NN. Resveratrol Ameliorates Aortic Calcification in Ovariectomized Rats via SIRT1 Signaling. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2021; 43:1057-1071. [PMID: 34563044 PMCID: PMC8928980 DOI: 10.3390/cimb43020075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Postmenopausal women are at an increased risk of vascular calcification which is defined as the pathological deposition of minerals in the vasculature, and is strongly linked with increased cardiovascular disease risk. Since estrogen-replacement therapy is associated with increased cancer risk, there is a strong need for safer therapeutic approaches. In this study we aimed to investigate the protective and therapeutic effects of the phytoestrogen resveratrol against vascular calcification in ovariectomized rats, a preclinical model of postmenopause. Furthermore, we aimed to compare the effects of resveratrol to those of estrogen and to explore the mechanisms underpinning those effects. Treatment with resveratrol or estrogen ameliorated aortic calcification in ovariectomized rats, as shown by reduced calcium deposition in the arterial wall. Mechanistically, the effects of resveratrol and estrogen were mediated via the activation of SIRT1 signaling. SIRT1 protein expression was downregulated in the aortas of ovariectomized rats, and upregulated in rats treated with resveratrol or estrogen. Moreover, resveratrol and estrogen reduced the levels of the osteogenic markers: runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), osteocalcin and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) which have been shown to play a role during vascular calcification. Additionally, the senescence markers (p53, p16 and p21) which were also reported to play a role in the pathogenesis of vascular calcification, were reduced upon treatment with resveratrol and estrogen. In conclusion, the phytoestrogen resveratrol may be a safer alternative to estrogen, as a therapeutic approach against the progression of vascular calcification during postmenopause.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally K. Hammad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt; (R.G.E.); (N.N.Y.)
| | - Rana G. Eissa
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt; (R.G.E.); (N.N.Y.)
| | - Mohamed A. Shaheen
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt;
| | - Nahla N. Younis
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt; (R.G.E.); (N.N.Y.)
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Investigation of the Effect of the SIRT1 Gene Polymorphisms in Parkinson's Disease. ANADOLU KLINIĞI TIP BILIMLERI DERGISI 2020. [DOI: 10.21673/anadoluklin.702828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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10
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Zbroch E, Bazyluk A, Malyszko J, Koc-Zorawska E, Rydzewska-Rosolowska A, Kakareko K, Hryszko T. The Serum Concentration of Anti-Aging Proteins, Sirtuin1 and αKlotho in Patients with End-Stage Kidney Disease on Maintenance Hemodialysis. Clin Interv Aging 2020; 15:387-393. [PMID: 32214805 PMCID: PMC7084123 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s236980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Sirtuin1 (SIRT1) acts as an anti-aging protein due to anti-apoptotic, anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effect and is implicated in several diseases including diabetes or cardiovascular problems. SIRT1 renal overexpression indicates oxidative stress. Similarly, αKlotho was primarily exposed as anti-aging factor. It is primary produced in kidney. It’s deficiency is associated with progression of chronic kidney disease and heart disorders. Purpose The aim of the study was to assess the serum concentration of sirtuin1 and αKlotho in hemodialysis (HD) patients compared to healthy volunteers in regard to age, blood pressure control, residual kidney function (RKF), diabetes, cardiovascular disease, dialysis vintage and type of dialyzer. Patients and Methods The serum level of SIRT1 and αKlotho was evaluated using ELISA tests in 103 HD patients, median age 67 years and in 21 volunteers. Blood pressure, RRF, echocardiography and dialysis parameters were assessed. HD group was divided according to the presence/absence of RKF. Results The serum SIRT1 level was higher (28.4 vs 2.71ng/mL, p<0.0001) and αKlotho was lower (433.9 vs 756.6pg/mL, p<0.0001) in HD then in control group. αKlotho was lower in those without RKF (387.2 vs 486.2pg/mL, p=0.028). SIRT1 positively correlated with hemodialysis vintage. αKlotho negatively correlated with left ventricular posterior wall thickness. There was no significant relationship between SIRT1 and αKlotho level and age, blood pressure control, type of dialyzer, Kt/V and diabetes. Multivariate analysis revealed association of SIRT1 with ejection fraction (B −0.72; p=0.32). Conclusion Elevated SIRT1 and lower αKlotho concentration are associated with impaired kidney function. The decrease in levels of αKlotho may also indicate heart hypertrophy in hemodialysis patients. The role of anti-aging proteins, particularly SIRT1 as biomarkers/predictors of oxidative stress, inflammation and cardiovascular diseases need further examination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edyta Zbroch
- 2-nd Department of Nephrology and Hypertension with Dialysis Centre, Medical University, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Angelika Bazyluk
- 2-nd Department of Nephrology and Hypertension with Dialysis Centre, Medical University, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Jolanta Malyszko
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Koc-Zorawska
- 2-nd Department of Nephrology and Hypertension with Dialysis Centre, Medical University, Bialystok, Poland
| | | | - Katarzyna Kakareko
- 2-nd Department of Nephrology and Hypertension with Dialysis Centre, Medical University, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Tomasz Hryszko
- 2-nd Department of Nephrology and Hypertension with Dialysis Centre, Medical University, Bialystok, Poland
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Zhang Y, Anoopkumar-Dukie S, Arora D, Davey AK. Review of the anti-inflammatory effect of SIRT1 and SIRT2 modulators on neurodegenerative diseases. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 867:172847. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.172847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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12
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Hoseini A, Namazi G, Farrokhian A, Reiner Ž, Aghadavod E, Bahmani F, Asemi Z. The effects of resveratrol on metabolic status in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and coronary heart disease. Food Funct 2019; 10:6042-6051. [PMID: 31486447 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo01075k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
This study was performed to investigate the effects of resveratrol on metabolic status in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and coronary heart disease (CHD). This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was performed with 56 patients having T2DM and CHD. The patients were randomly divided into two groups to receive either 500 mg resveratrol per day (n = 28) or placebo (n = 28) for 4 weeks. Resveratrol reduced fasting glucose (β-10.04 mg dL-1; 95% CI, -18.23, -1.86; P = 0.01), insulin (β-1.09 μIU mL-1; 95% CI, -1.93, -0.24; P = 0.01) and insulin resistance (β-0.48; 95% CI, -0.76, -0.21; P = 0.001) and significantly increased insulin sensitivity (β 0.006; 95% CI, 0.001, 0.01; P = 0.02) when compared with the placebo. Resveratrol also significantly increased HDL-cholesterol levels (β 3.38 mg dL-1; 95% CI, 1.72, 5.05; P < 0.001) and significantly decreased the total-/HDL-cholesterol ratio (β-0.36; 95% CI, -0.59, -0.13; P = 0.002) when compared with the placebo. Additionally, resveratrol caused a significant increase in total antioxidant capacity (TAC) (β 58.88 mmol L-1; 95% CI, 17.33, 100.44; P = 0.006) and a significant reduction in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels (β-0.21 μmol L-1; 95% CI, -0.41, -0.005; P = 0.04) when compared with the placebo. Resveratrol upregulated PPAR-γ (P = 0.01) and sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) (P = 0.01) in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of T2DM patients with CHD. Resveratrol supplementation did not have any effect on inflammatory markers. Four-week supplementation of resveratrol in patients with T2DM and CHD had beneficial effects on glycemic control, HDL-cholesterol levels, the total-/HDL-cholesterol ratio, TAC and MDA levels. Resveratrol also upregulated PPAR-γ and SIRT1 in the PBMCs of T2DM patients with CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Hoseini
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
| | - Gholamreza Namazi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
| | - Alireza Farrokhian
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Željko Reiner
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Esmat Aghadavod
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
| | - Fereshteh Bahmani
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
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Zhang X, Dong H, Liu Y, Han J, Tang S, Si J. Retracted: Tetramethylpyrazine partially relieves hypoxia-caused damage of cardiomyocytes H9c2 by downregulation of miR-449a. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:15098-15107. [PMID: 30770559 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Inadequate oxygen supply is probably one of the most important pathophysiological mechanisms of cardiomyocyte damage in ischemic heart disease. Tetramethylpyrazine (TMP, also known as ligustrazine) is the main active ingredient isolated from the rhizome of Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort. A previous study reported that the TMP could exert cardioprotective activity. This study aimed to explore the molecular mechanism of the protective effects of TMP on cardiomyocyte damage caused by hypoxia. The viability and apoptosis of cardiomyocytes H9c2 were detected using cell counting kit-8 assay and annexin V-FITC/PI staining, respectively. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was conducted to measure the expression level of microRNA-449a (miR-449a). Cell transfection was performed to upregulate the expression level of miR-449a or downregulate the expression level of sirtuin 1 (Sirt1). The protein expression levels of Sirt1 and key factors involved in cell apoptosis and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase 3 (PI3K/AKT) pathway were evaluated using western blot analysis. We found that the hypoxia incubation inhibited H9c2 viability, induced cell apoptosis, and inactivated the PI3K/AKT pathway. TMP treatment partially relieved the hypoxia-caused H9c2 cell viability loss and apoptosis, as well as reversed the hypoxia-caused inactivation of the PI3K/AKT pathway. Moreover, TMP partially alleviated the upregulation of miR-449a in H9c2 cells caused by hypoxia. Overexpression of miR-449a weakened the effects of TMP on hypoxia-treated H9c2 cells. Furthermore, Sirt1 was a target gene of miR-449a. Knockdown of Sirt1 also weakened the effects of TMP on hypoxia-treated H9c2 cells. In conclusion, TMP partially relieved hypoxia-caused cardiomyocytes H9c2 viability loss and apoptosis at least through downregulating miR-499a, upregulating Sirt1, and then activating the PI3K/AKT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuesong Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, China
| | - Huawei Dong
- Department of Cardiology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, China
| | - Junxia Han
- Department of Cardiology, Heze Municipal Hospital, Heze, China
| | - Shouyi Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Heze Municipal Hospital, Heze, China
| | - Jingna Si
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Heze Municipal Hospital, Heze, China
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Bazyluk A, Malyszko J, Hryszko T, Zbroch E. State of the art - sirtuin 1 in kidney pathology - clinical relevance. Adv Med Sci 2019; 64:356-364. [PMID: 31125865 DOI: 10.1016/j.advms.2019.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 11/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Sirtuins represent a group of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide dependent histone deacetylases, which regulates various biological pathways by promoting chromatin silencing and transcriptional repression. Therefore, they are linked to cellular energy metabolism, mitochondrial biogenesis, stress response, apoptosis, inflammation and fibrosis. Since sirtuin 1 became a promising candidate for targeted therapies of numerous conditions, researchers have been investigating its activator. As for now, natural agents and antidiabetic drug - metformin, have been found to activate sirtuin 1. Sirtuin 1 is able to improve kidney outcomes by direct impact on kidney cells, regulation of non-specific processes generally involved in pathogenesis of age-dependent and metabolic disorders and improvement of the comorbid diseases. This review discusses the state of the art knowledge on the role of sirtuin 1 on kidney pathology.
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Hou J, Xie X, Tu Q, Li J, Ding J, Shao G, Jiang Q, Yuan L, Lai X. SIRT1 gene polymorphisms are associated with nondiabetic type 1 cardiorenal syndrome. Ann Hum Genet 2019; 83:445-453. [PMID: 31355422 DOI: 10.1111/ahg.12338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Type 1 cardiorenal syndrome (CRS1) is characterized by acute cardiac disease (e.g., acute heart failure [AHF]), leading to acute kidney injury. Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), an NAD+ -dependent deacylase, has been found to be associated with CRS1. To confirm whether a correlation exists between SIRT1 variants and the risk of CRS1, the association between the prevalence of CRS1 and single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the SIRT1 gene was investigated in AHF patients. A total of 316 Chinese AHF participants (158 patients with CRS1 and 158 age- and sex-matched controls) were recruited for the present observational study to investigate the association between nine common SIRT1 SNPs (i.e., rs7895833 G > A, rs10509291 T > A, rs3740051 A > G, rs932658 A > C, rs33957861 C > T, rs7069102 C > G, rs2273773 T > C, rs3818292 A > G, and rs1467568 A > G) and the susceptibility to CRS1. Significant differences in genotype distribution between the control and CRS1 groups were found for rs7895833 and rs1467568. After applying a Bonferroni adjustment, the A allele of rs7895833 was still found to be protective (p = 0.001; odds ratio [OR] = 0.77) against CRS1 in this study population. The AA genotype of rs7895833 and the GA genotype of rs1467568 were associated with a significantly reduced risk of CRS1 (OR = 0.23 and 0.49, respectively). rs7895833 and rs1467568 were further analyzed as a haplotype, and the GA haplotype (rs7895833-rs1467568) exhibited a significant association with CRS1 (p = 0.008), while the AA haplotype showed a significant protective effect (p = 0.022). Our study showed that SIRT1 rs7895833 and rs1467568 polymorphisms had a significant effect on the risk of developing CRS1 in a population in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiebin Hou
- Department of Nephrology, the Second Medical Centre, Chinese PLA (People's Liberation Army) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyue Xie
- Division of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qingxian Tu
- Department of Cardiology, The First People's Hospital of ZunYi, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First People's Hospital of ZunYi, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Jiarong Ding
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Guojian Shao
- Department of Nephrology, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qianfeng Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, The First People's Hospital of ZunYi, Zunyi, Guizhou, China.,The Third Affiiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Li Yuan
- Division of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xueli Lai
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China
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Casarotto AAF, Galera BB, Sumiyoshi LM, Floôr TM. Polymorphism rs7895833 in the SIRT1 gene and its association with dyslipidaemia in the elderly. Rev Esp Geriatr Gerontol 2019; 54:214-219. [PMID: 31040057 DOI: 10.1016/j.regg.2019.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Sirtuin 1 is a human protein involved in gene silencing and in inducing the deacetylation of proteins involved in the metabolic and adaptive response mechanisms. Polymorphisms in the SIRT1 gene have been studied with respect to aging. This study aims to determine the allelic and genotypic frequencies of the rs7895833 A/G polymorphism in the SIRT1 gene, and to identify the association between this polymorphism and the co-morbidities prevalent in the elderly population. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 216 patients were evaluated in an outpatient clinic in Central Brazil. The individuals underwent validated tests for cognitive impairment and falls risk, serum biochemistry analysis, as well as polymer chain reaction (PCR) with confronting two-pair primers for polymorphism genotyping. RESULTS rs7895833 polymorphism in SIRT1 gene was observed in these patients as follows: AA (56/216), AG (138/216), and GG (22/216). The frequency of allele A was 0.58, and that of allele G was 0.42. In the multivariate analysis of the exploratory variables, glucose, high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, systemic arterial hypertension, dyslipidaemia, and depression, which were associated in the univariate analysis with the polymorphism rs7895833, only dyslipidaemia showed a statistically significant difference in a greater number of individuals with this polymorphism. CONCLUSION The variant allele G of the SIRT1 gene polymorphism was found in 42% of these Brazilian geriatric patients, and was associated with dyslipidaemia. Further studies should be performed to confirm this result and to elucidate the role of SIRT1 in lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bianca Borsatto Galera
- Júlio Müller University Hospital, Federal University of Mato Grosso (Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso - UFMT), Brazil
| | - Larissa Midori Sumiyoshi
- Júlio Müller University Hospital, Federal University of Mato Grosso (Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso - UFMT), Brazil
| | - Thays Maldonado Floôr
- Júlio Müller University Hospital, Federal University of Mato Grosso (Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso - UFMT), Brazil
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Premature Myocardial Infarction: Genetic Variations in SIRT1 Affect Disease Susceptibility. Cardiol Res Pract 2019; 2019:8921806. [PMID: 31143479 PMCID: PMC6501229 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8921806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Premature myocardial infarction (PMI) is an uncommon disease, and its incidence varies between 2% and 10%, rising, depending on genetic susceptibility under the influence of lifestyle. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between SIRT1 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), SIRT1, and eNOS (endothelial nitric oxide synthase) protein expressions, total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), and oxidative stress index (OSI) in young patients with premature ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Methods Genotyping of the three single-nucleotide polymorphisms (rs7895833 A > G in the promoter region, rs7069102 C > G in intron 4, and rs2273773 C > T in exon 5) in SIRT1 gene was performed in 108 consecutive patients (87.0% were men with a mean age of 40.74 ± 3.82 years) suffering from ST-elevation myocardial infarction at the age of ≤45 and 91 control subjects. Results The risk for myocardial infarction was increased by 2.31 times in carriers of CC or CG genotypes. SIRT1 protein levels were enhanced and endothelial nitric oxide synthase levels were diminished in ST-elevation myocardial infarction patients regardless of the underlying gene variant. There was no correlation between SIRT1 expression and the amount of endothelial nitric oxide synthase, total antioxidant status, total oxidant status, and oxidative stress index levels in patients and in the control group either. Conclusions SIRT1 single-nucleotide polymorphisms were associated with premature myocardial infarction, which affected the SIRT1 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase protein expression, irrespective of the underlying SIRT1 genotype.
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Abstract
Recent advances in genetics of renal disease have deepened our understanding of progressive kidney disease. Here, we review genetic variants that are of particular importance to progressive glomerular disease that result in end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). Some of the most striking findings relate to APOL1 genetic variants, seen exclusively in individuals of sub-Saharan African descent, that create a predisposition to particular renal disorders, including focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and arterionephrosclerosis. We also review the genetics of cardiovascular disease in ESKD and note that little work has been published on the genetics of other ESKD complications, including anemia, bone disease, and infections. Deeper understanding of the genetics of ESKD and its complications may lead to new therapies that are tailored to an individual patient's genetic profile or are discovered based on genetic approaches that identify novel pathways of renal cell injury and repair.
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Bartoli-Leonard F, Wilkinson FL, Schiro A, Inglott FS, Alexander MY, Weston R. Suppression of SIRT1 in Diabetic Conditions Induces Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells via RUNX2 Signalling. Sci Rep 2019; 9:878. [PMID: 30696833 PMCID: PMC6351547 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-37027-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular calcification is associated with significant morbidity and mortality within diabetes, involving activation of osteogenic regulators and transcription factors. Recent evidence demonstrates the beneficial role of Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), an NAD+ dependant deacetylase, in improved insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis, linking hyperglycaemia and SIRT1 downregulation. This study aimed to determine the role of SIRT1 in vascular smooth muscle cell (vSMC) calcification within the diabetic environment. An 80% reduction in SIRT1 levels was observed in patients with diabetes, both in serum and the arterial smooth muscle layer, whilst both RUNX2 and Osteocalcin levels were elevated. Human vSMCs exposed to hyperglycaemic conditions in vitro demonstrated enhanced calcification, which was positively associated with the induction of cellular senescence, verified by senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity and cell cycle markers p16 and p21. Activation of SIRT1 by SRT1720 reduced Alizarin red staining by a third, via inhibition of the RUNX2 pathway and prevention of senescence. Conversely, inhibition of SIRT1 via Sirtinol and siRNA increased RUNX2 by over 50%. These findings demonstrate the key role that SIRT1 plays in preventing calcification in a diabetic environment, through the inhibition of RUNX2 and senescence pathways, suggesting a downregulation of SIRT1 may be responsible for perpetuating vascular calcification in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Bartoli-Leonard
- Translational Cardiovascular Science, Centre for Bioscience, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - F L Wilkinson
- Translational Cardiovascular Science, Centre for Bioscience, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - A Schiro
- Vascular Unit, Manchester NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - F Serracino Inglott
- Vascular Unit, Manchester NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - M Y Alexander
- Translational Cardiovascular Science, Centre for Bioscience, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - R Weston
- Translational Cardiovascular Science, Centre for Bioscience, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK.
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Sun M, Du M, Zhang W, Xiong S, Gong X, Lei P, Zha J, Zhu H, Li H, Huang D, Gu X. Survival and Clinicopathological Significance of SIRT1 Expression in Cancers: A Meta-Analysis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:121. [PMID: 30930849 PMCID: PMC6424908 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Silent information regulator 2 homolog 1 (SIRT1) is an evolutionarily conserved enzymes with nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)+-dependent deacetylase activity. SIRT1 is involved in a large variety of cellular processes, such as genomic stability, energy metabolism, senescence, gene transcription, and oxidative stress. SIRT1 has long been recognized as both a tumor promoter and tumor suppressor. Its prognostic role in cancers remains controversial. Methods: A meta-analysis of 13,138 subjects in 63 articles from PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library was performed to evaluate survival and clinicopathological significance of SIRT1 expression in various cancers. Results: The pooled results of meta-analysis showed that elevated expression of SIRT1 implies a poor overall survival (OS) of cancer patients [Hazard Ratio (HR) = 1.566, 95% CI: 1.293-1.895, P < 0.0001], disease free survival (DFS) (HR = 1.631, 95% CI: 1.250-2.130, P = 0.0003), event free survival (EFS) (HR = 2.534, 95% CI: 1.602-4.009, P = 0.0001), and progress-free survival (PFS) (HR = 3.325 95% CI: 2.762-4.003, P < 0.0001). Elevated SIRT1 level was associated with tumor stage [Relative Risk (RR) = 1.299, 95% CI: 1.114-1.514, P = 0.0008], lymph node metastasis (RR = 1.172, 95% CI: 1.010-1.360, P = 0.0363), and distant metastasis (RR = 1.562, 95% CI: 1.022-2.387, P = 0.0392). Meta-regression and subgroup analysis revealed that ethnic background has influence on the role of SIRT1 expression in predicting survival and clinicopathological characteristics of cancers. Overexpression of SIRT1 predicted a worse OS and higher TNM stage and lymphatic metastasis in Asian population especially in China. Conclusion: Our data suggested that elevated expression of SIRT1 predicted a poor OS, DFS, EFS, PFS, but not for recurrence-free survival (RFS) and cancer-specific survival (CCS). SIRT1 overexpression was associated with higher tumor stage, lymph node metastasis, and distant metastasis. SIRT1-mediated molecular events and biological processes could be an underlying mechanism for metastasis and SIRT1 is a therapeutic target for inhibiting metastasis, leading to good prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Institute of Anesthesiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Mengyu Du
- Department of Anesthesiology, Institute of Anesthesiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Wenhua Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Sisi Xiong
- School of Nursing, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Xingrui Gong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Institute of Anesthesiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Peijie Lei
- The First Clinical School, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Jin Zha
- Department of Anesthesiology, Institute of Anesthesiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Hongrui Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Institute of Anesthesiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Heng Li
- Department of General Surgery, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Dong Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
- *Correspondence: Dong Huang
| | - Xinsheng Gu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
- Xinsheng Gu
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Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerases in Host-Pathogen Interactions, Inflammation, and Immunity. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 2018; 83:83/1/e00038-18. [PMID: 30567936 DOI: 10.1128/mmbr.00038-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The literature review presented here details recent research involving members of the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) family of proteins. Among the 17 recognized members of the family, the human enzyme PARP1 is the most extensively studied, resulting in a number of known biological and metabolic roles. This review is focused on the roles played by PARP enzymes in host-pathogen interactions and in diseases with an associated inflammatory response. In mammalian cells, several PARPs have specific roles in the antiviral response; this is perhaps best illustrated by PARP13, also termed the zinc finger antiviral protein (ZAP). Plant stress responses and immunity are also regulated by poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation. PARPs promote inflammatory responses by stimulating proinflammatory signal transduction pathways that lead to the expression of cytokines and cell adhesion molecules. Hence, PARP inhibitors show promise in the treatment of inflammatory disorders and conditions with an inflammatory component, such as diabetes, arthritis, and stroke. These functions are correlated with the biophysical characteristics of PARP family enzymes. This work is important in providing a comprehensive understanding of the molecular basis of pathogenesis and host responses, as well as in the identification of inhibitors. This is important because the identification of inhibitors has been shown to be effective in arresting the progression of disease.
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Specific alterations in the circulating levels of the SIRT1, TLR4, and IL7 proteins in patients with dementia. Exp Gerontol 2018; 111:203-209. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2018.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Balbino KP, Hermsdorff HHM, Bressan J. Polymorphism related to cardiovascular risk in hemodialysis subjects: a systematic review. J Bras Nefrol 2018; 40:179-192. [PMID: 29944163 PMCID: PMC6533983 DOI: 10.1590/2175-8239-jbn-3857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the leading causes of mortality in hemodialysis (HD) subjects. In addition to the traditional risk factors that are common in these individuals, genetic factors are also involved, with emphasis on single nucleotide polymorphs (SNPs). In this context, the present study aims to systematically review the studies that investigated the polymorphisms associated with cardiovascular risk in this population. In general, the SNPs present in HD individuals are those of genes related to inflammation, oxidative stress and vascular calcification, also able of interfering in the cardiovascular risk of this population. In addition, polymorphisms in genes related to recognized risk factors for CVD, such as dyslipidemia, arterial hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy, also influence cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla Pereira Balbino
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Departamento de Nutrição e Saúde,
Viçosa, MG, Brasil
| | | | - Josefina Bressan
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Departamento de Nutrição e Saúde,
Viçosa, MG, Brasil
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Madonna R, Pieragostino D, Balistreri CR, Rossi C, Geng YJ, Del Boccio P, De Caterina R. Diabetic macroangiopathy: Pathogenetic insights and novel therapeutic approaches with focus on high glucose-mediated vascular damage. Vascul Pharmacol 2018; 107:S1537-1891(17)30322-1. [PMID: 29425894 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2018.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Revised: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic macroangiopathy - a specific form of accelerated atherosclerosis - is characterized by intra-plaque new vessel formation due to excessive/abnormal neovasculogenesis and angiogenesis, increased vascular permeability of the capillary vessels, and tissue edema, resulting in frequent atherosclerotic plaque hemorrhage and plaque rupture. Mechanisms that may explain the premature and rapidly progressive nature of atherosclerosis in diabetes are multiple, and to a large extent still unclear. However, mechanisms related to hyperglycemia certainly play an important role. These include a dysregulated vascular regeneration. In addition, oxidative and hyperosmolar stresses, as well as the activation of inflammatory pathways triggered by a dysregulated activation of membrane channel proteins aquaporins, have been recognized as key events. Here, we review recent knowledge of cellular and molecular pathways of macrovascular disease related to hyperglycemia in diabetes. We also here highlight how new insights into pathogenic mechanisms of vascular damage in diabetes may indicate new targets for prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalinda Madonna
- Center of Aging Sciences and Translational Medicine - CESI-MeT, Institute of Cardiology, Department of Neurosciences, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy; Center for Cardiovascular Biology and Atherosclerosis Research, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Damiana Pieragostino
- Analitical Biochemistry and Proteomics Unit Center of Aging Sciences and Translational Medicine - CESI-MeT, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Carmela Rita Balistreri
- Department of Patho-biology and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Claudia Rossi
- Analitical Biochemistry and Proteomics Unit Center of Aging Sciences and Translational Medicine - CESI-MeT, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Yong-Jian Geng
- Center for Cardiovascular Biology and Atherosclerosis Research, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Piero Del Boccio
- Analitical Biochemistry and Proteomics Unit Center of Aging Sciences and Translational Medicine - CESI-MeT, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Raffaele De Caterina
- Center of Aging Sciences and Translational Medicine - CESI-MeT, Institute of Cardiology, Department of Neurosciences, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy.
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Abstract
Objective Lung cancer, which is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide, is influenced by a wide variety of environmental and genetic risk factors. The silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) gene is located on the long arm of chromosome 10 (10q21.3) and has been shown to play crucial roles in lung cancer development in previous studies. In this study, we determined whether variation in the SIRT1 gene is associated with lung cancer in Chinese population. Methods The case–control study comprised 246 controls and 257 non-small cell lung cancer patients, comprising 79 squamous cell carcinoma patients and 124 adenocarcinoma patients. All subjects were from Zhejiang, China. Four single-nucleotide polymorphisms of SIRT1 gene were analyzed: rs12778366 (C/T, lies in the 5′ upstream), rs3758391 (C/T, lies in the 5′ upstream), rs2273773 (C/T, lies in the coding) and rs4746720 (C/T, lies in the 3′ untranslated region). Results No significant difference of allele and genotype frequencies was observed between the different groups. Haplotype association analysis carried out on the four single-nucleotide polymorphisms within the case–control cohort also did not reveal a significant association with lung cancer (P>0.05). Conclusion The results suggest the tested SIRT1 gene polymorphisms may not contribute to lung cancer. Further studies are warranted to demonstrate the functional roles of the SIRT1 polymorphism in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanbo Lv
- Department of Pathology, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuangyan Lin
- Department of Pathology, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fang Peng
- Department of Pathology, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang, China
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Razi S, Cogger VC, Kennerson M, Benson VL, McMahon AC, Blyth FM, Handelsman DJ, Seibel MJ, Hirani V, Naganathan V, Waite L, de Cabo R, Cumming RG, Le Couteur DG. SIRT1 Polymorphisms and Serum-Induced SIRT1 Protein Expression in Aging and Frailty: The CHAMP Study. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2017; 72:870-876. [PMID: 28329314 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glx018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The nutrient sensing protein, SIRT1 influences aging and nutritional interventions such as caloric restriction in animals, however, the role of SIRT1 in human aging remains unclear. Here, the role of SIRT1 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and serum-induced SIRT1 protein expression (a novel assay that detects circulating factors that influence SIRT1 expression in vitro) were studied in the Concord Health and Ageing in Men Project (CHAMP), a prospective cohort of community dwelling men aged 70 years and older. Serum-induced SIRT1 expression was not associated with age or mortality, however participants within the lowest quintile were less likely to be frail (odds ratio (OR) 0.34, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.17-0.69, N = 1,309). Serum-induced SIRT1 expression was associated with some markers of body composition and nutrition (height, weight, body fat and lean % mass, albumin, and cholesterol) but not disease. SIRT1 SNPs rs2273773, rs3740051, and rs3758391 showed no association with age, frailty, or mortality but were associated with weight, height, body fat and lean, and albumin levels. There were some weak associations between SIRT1 SNPs and arthritis, heart attack, deafness, and cognitive impairment. There was no association between SIRT1 SNPs and the serum-induced SIRT1 assay. SIRT1 SNPs and serum-induced SIRT1 expression in older men may be more closely associated with nutrition and body composition than aging and age-related conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shajjia Razi
- Centre for Education and Research on Ageing and the Ageing and Alzheimers Institute, University of Sydney and Concord Hospital, New South Wales, Australia.,ANZAC Research Institute and
| | - Victoria C Cogger
- Centre for Education and Research on Ageing and the Ageing and Alzheimers Institute, University of Sydney and Concord Hospital, New South Wales, Australia.,ANZAC Research Institute and.,Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Vicky L Benson
- Department of Physiology, University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Aisling C McMahon
- Centre for Education and Research on Ageing and the Ageing and Alzheimers Institute, University of Sydney and Concord Hospital, New South Wales, Australia.,Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Fiona M Blyth
- Centre for Education and Research on Ageing and the Ageing and Alzheimers Institute, University of Sydney and Concord Hospital, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | | | - Vasant Hirani
- Centre for Education and Research on Ageing and the Ageing and Alzheimers Institute, University of Sydney and Concord Hospital, New South Wales, Australia.,Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Vasikaran Naganathan
- Centre for Education and Research on Ageing and the Ageing and Alzheimers Institute, University of Sydney and Concord Hospital, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Louise Waite
- Centre for Education and Research on Ageing and the Ageing and Alzheimers Institute, University of Sydney and Concord Hospital, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rafael de Cabo
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Robert G Cumming
- School of Public Health, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David G Le Couteur
- Centre for Education and Research on Ageing and the Ageing and Alzheimers Institute, University of Sydney and Concord Hospital, New South Wales, Australia.,ANZAC Research Institute and.,Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Ramkaran P, Phulukdaree A, Khan S, Moodley D, Chuturgoon AA. Sirtuin 1 rs1467568 and rs7895833 in South African Indians with early-onset coronary artery disease. Cardiovasc J Afr 2017; 27:213-217. [PMID: 27841908 PMCID: PMC5340890 DOI: 10.5830/cvja-2015-085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), a class III histone deacetylase, has been identified as a candidate molecule affecting the epigenetic mechanisms of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Previous studies have shown that some SIRT1 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are associated with body mass index, diabetes, blood pressure, cholesterol metabolism and coronary artery calcification. We investigated two A>G SIRT1 SNPs, rs1467568 and rs7895833, in young South African (SA) Indians with coronary artery disease (CAD) and compared them to Indian and black controls. METHODS For rs1467568, a total of 287 subjects were recruited into this study (104 CAD patients, 99 age-, gender- and race-matched controls, and 84 age- and gender-matched black controls). For rs7895833, a total of 281 subjects were recruited into this study (100 CAD patients, 99 age-, gender- and race-matched controls, and 82 age- and gender-matched black controls). All patients were male, of Indian ethnicity, stable CAD confirmed on angiography, mean age 37.5 years; range 24-45. All subjects were genotyped using TaqMan SNP genotyping assays. RESULTS The variant allele for both SNPs was found at a higher frequency in the total Indian group compared to the total black population (rs1467568: 41 vs 18.5%, respectively, p < 0.0001, OR = 3.190, 95% CI: 2.058-40943; and rs7895833: 41 vs 22%, respectively, p < 0.0001, OR = 2.466, 95% CI: 1.620- 3.755). Indian controls presented with a higher frequency for both SNPs compared to black controls (rs1467568: 40 vs 18.5%, respectively, p < 0.0001, OR = 2.996, 95% CI: 1.850- 4.853; and rs7895833: 41 vs 22%, respectively, p < 0.0001, OR = 2.513, 95% CI: 1.578-4.004). No difference was seen in the distribution of both SNPs between CAD patients and either control group. We did not observe any association between the SNPs and clinical parameters in CAD patients and controls. CONCLUSION Both SNP variant alleles occurred more frequently in SA Indians than in SA blacks. A larger study group and further analysis is required to assess whether these SIRT1 SNPs may serve as risk factors that contribute to Indians developing early-onset CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prithiksha Ramkaran
- Discipline of Medical Biochemistry and Chemical Pathology, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Alisa Phulukdaree
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Sajidah Khan
- Department of Cardiology, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Devapregasan Moodley
- Discipline of Medical Biochemistry and Chemical Pathology, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Anil A Chuturgoon
- Discipline of Medical Biochemistry and Chemical Pathology, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
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Mahmoud AA, Moghazy HM, Ezat MA. Association of sirtuin 1 gene single nucleotide polymorphisms with type 2 diabetes mellitus in essential hypertension patients. Meta Gene 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mgene.2016.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Kurylowicz A. In Search of New Therapeutic Targets in Obesity Treatment: Sirtuins. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17040572. [PMID: 27104517 PMCID: PMC4849028 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17040572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2016] [Revised: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Most of the available non-invasive medical therapies for obesity are non-efficient in a long-term evaluation; therefore there is a constant need for new methods of treatment. Research on calorie restriction has led to the discovery of sirtuins (silent information regulators, SIRTs), enzymes regulating different cellular pathways that may constitute potential targets in the treatment of obesity. This review paper presents the role of SIRTs in the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism as well as in the differentiation of adipocytes. How disturbances of SIRTs’ expression and activity may lead to the development of obesity and related complications is discussed. A special emphasis is placed on polymorphisms in genes encoding SIRTs and their possible association with susceptibility to obesity and metabolic complications, as well as on data regarding altered expression of SIRTs in human obesity. Finally, the therapeutic potential of SIRTs-targeted strategies in the treatment of obesity and related disorders is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Kurylowicz
- Department of Human Epigenetics, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawinskiego Street, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland.
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30
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Sirtuin 1 gene rs2273773 C>T single nucleotide polymorphism and protein oxidation markers in asthmatic patients. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL HUMAN GENETICS 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmhg.2015.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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MENEGUETTE MVDO, OLIVEIRA CAD, LIMA MHDM, PINA KN, AMARAL MECD. Polymorphism in the SIRT1 gene and parameters of metabolic syndrome in a sample of the adult Brazilian population. REV NUTR 2016. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-98652016000100001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate whether the single nucleotide polymorphism rs7895833 (A/G) of the gene SIRT1 is associated with metabolic syndrome criteria in a sample of Brazilian adults. Methods: Serum samples and oral mucosal cells were collected from 243 subjects aged 30 to 70 years. Biochemical, hormonal, and anthropometric data were obtained. The single nucleotide polymorphism rs7895833 (A/G) was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction using the amplification refractory mutation system. Results: Among the 243 study subjects, 100 (41.15%) were classified as non-metabolic syndrome and 143 (58.85%), as metabolic syndrome. The frequency of the single nucleotide polymorphism rs7895833 (A/G) did not differ between the groups. However, 111 patients (45.67%) were overweight (body mass index: 25-29.9 kg/m2). Blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, very low density lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein, waist and hip circumferences, and blood pressure were higher in the metabolic syndrome group than in the non-metabolic syndrome group. Free thyroxine 4, grown hormone, and insulin levels were within the normal range. The metabolic conditions of the patients with metabolic syndrome indicate biochemical, anthropometric, and hormonal changes characteristic of overweight and obesity. Conclusion: The SIRT1 polymorphism rs7895833 (A/G) is not associated with the metabolic syndrome in the adult Brazilian population.
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Martins IJ. Magnesium Therapy Prevents Senescence with the Reversal of Diabetes and Alzheimer’s Disease. Health (London) 2016. [DOI: 10.4236/health.2016.87073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Guan Y, Hao CM. SIRT1 and Kidney Function. KIDNEY DISEASES 2015; 1:258-65. [PMID: 27536685 DOI: 10.1159/000440967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND SIRT1 is a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-dependent deacetylase belonging to the class III histone deacetylases. Abundantly expressed in the kidney, especially in the renal medulla, SIRT1 is closely involved in renal physiology and pathology. SUMMARY SIRT1 targets both histone and nonhistone proteins, participates in many important signaling pathways and mediates the regulation of longevity, metabolic homeostasis, acute stress response and DNA integrity. With regard to the kidney, SIRT1 attenuates diabetic albuminuria, reduces blood pressure and related cardiovascular diseases, resists acute kidney injury, delays kidney fibrogenesis, promotes cyst formation and benefits renal ageing. KEY MESSAGES This review summarizes the biology of SIRT1 and focuses on the latest studies concerning SIRT1 as a potential therapeutic target for kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Guan
- Division of Nephrology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuan-Ming Hao
- Division of Nephrology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Mohtavinejad N, Nakhaee A, Harati H, Poodineh J, Afzali M. SIRT1 gene is associated with cardiovascular disease in the Iranian population. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL HUMAN GENETICS 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmhg.2014.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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35
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Kilic U, Gok O, Erenberk U, Dundaroz MR, Torun E, Kucukardali Y, Elibol-Can B, Uysal O, Dundar T. A remarkable age-related increase in SIRT1 protein expression against oxidative stress in elderly: SIRT1 gene variants and longevity in human. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0117954. [PMID: 25785999 PMCID: PMC4365019 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0117954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is defined as the accumulation of progressive organ dysfunction. Controlling the rate of aging by clarifying the complex pathways has a significant clinical importance. Nowadays, sirtuins have become famous molecules for slowing aging and decreasing age-related disorders. In the present study, we analyzed the SIRT1 gene polymorphisms (rs7895833 A>G, rs7069102 C>G and rs2273773 C>T) and its relation with levels of SIRT1, eNOS, PON-1, cholesterol, TAS, TOS, and OSI to demonstrate the association between genetic variation in SIRT1 and phenotype at different ages in humans. We observed a significant increase in the SIRT1 level in older people and found a significant positive correlation between SIRT1 level and age in the overall studied population. The oldest people carrying AG genotypes for rs7895833 have the highest SIRT1 level suggesting an association between rs7895833 SNP and lifespan longevity. Older people have lower PON-1 levels than those of adults and children which may explain the high levels of SIRT1 protein as a compensatory mechanism for oxidative stress in the elderly. The eNOS protein level was significantly decreased in older people as compared to adults. There was no significant difference in the eNOS level between older people and children. The current study is the first to demonstrate age-related changes in SIRT1 levels in humans and it is important for a much better molecular understanding of the role of the longevity gene SIRT1 and its protein product in aging. It is also the first study presenting the association between SIRT1 expression in older people and rs7895833 in SIRT1 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulkan Kilic
- Department of Medical Biology and Regenerative and Restorative Medicine Research Center (REMER), International School of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
- * E-mail:
| | - Ozlem Gok
- Department of Medical Biology and Regenerative and Restorative Medicine Research Center (REMER), International School of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ufuk Erenberk
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Rusen Dundaroz
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Emel Torun
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yasar Kucukardali
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Birsen Elibol-Can
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Omer Uysal
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tolga Dundar
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Cheng J, Cho M, Cen JM, Cai MY, Xu S, Ma ZW, Liu X, Yang XL, Chen C, Suh Y, Xiong XD. A TagSNP in SIRT1 gene confers susceptibility to myocardial infarction in a Chinese Han population. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0115339. [PMID: 25706717 PMCID: PMC4338141 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0115339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2014] [Accepted: 11/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
SIRT1 exerts protective effects against endothelial cells dysfunction, inflammation and atherosclerosis, indicating an important role on myocardial infarction (MI) pathogenesis. Nonetheless, the effects of SIRT1 variants on MI risk remain poorly understood. Here we aimed to investigate the influence of SIRT1 polymorphisms on individual susceptibility to MI. Genotyping of three tagSNPs (rs7069102, rs3818292 and rs4746720) in SIRT1 gene was performed in a Chinese Han population, consisting of 287 MI cases and 654 control subjects. In a logistic regression analysis, we found that G allele of rs7069102 had increased MI risk with odds ratio (OR) of 1.57 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.15-2.16, Bonferroni corrected P (Pc) = 0.015] after adjustment for conventional risk factors compared to C allele. Similarly, the combined CG/GG genotypes was associated with the increased MI risk (OR = 1.64, 95% CI = 1.14-2.35, Pc = 0.021) compared to the CC genotype. Further stratified analysis revealed a more significant association with MI risk among younger subjects (≤ 55 years old). Consistent with these results, the haplotype rs7069102G-rs3818292A-rs4746720T containing the rs7069102 G allele was also associated with the increased MI risk (OR = 1.41, 95% CI = 1.09-1.84, Pc = 0.040). However, we did not detect any association of rs3818292 and rs4746720 with MI risk. Our study provides the first evidence that the tagSNP rs7069102 and haplotype rs7069102G-rs3818292A-rs4746720T in SIRT1 gene confer susceptibility to MI in the Chinese Han population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Cheng
- Institute of Aging Research, Guangdong Medical College, Dongguan, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Dongguan, P.R. China
- Institute of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, P.R. China
| | - Miook Cho
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America
| | - Jin-ming Cen
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, The First People’s Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, P.R. China
| | - Meng-yun Cai
- Institute of Aging Research, Guangdong Medical College, Dongguan, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Dongguan, P.R. China
| | - Shun Xu
- Institute of Aging Research, Guangdong Medical College, Dongguan, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Dongguan, P.R. China
| | - Ze-wei Ma
- Institute of Aging Research, Guangdong Medical College, Dongguan, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Dongguan, P.R. China
| | - Xinguang Liu
- Institute of Aging Research, Guangdong Medical College, Dongguan, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Dongguan, P.R. China
- Institute of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, P.R. China
| | - Xi-li Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, The First People’s Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, P.R. China
| | - Can Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, The Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, P.R. China
| | - Yousin Suh
- Institute of Aging Research, Guangdong Medical College, Dongguan, P.R. China
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, United States of America
- * E-mail: (XDX); (YS)
| | - Xing-dong Xiong
- Institute of Aging Research, Guangdong Medical College, Dongguan, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Dongguan, P.R. China
- Institute of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, P.R. China
- * E-mail: (XDX); (YS)
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Corella D, Ordovás JM. Aging and cardiovascular diseases: the role of gene-diet interactions. Ageing Res Rev 2014; 18:53-73. [PMID: 25159268 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2014.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2014] [Revised: 08/15/2014] [Accepted: 08/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In the study of longevity, increasing importance is being placed on the concept of healthy aging rather than considering the total number of years lived. Although the concept of healthy lifespan needs to be defined better, we know that cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the main age-related diseases. Thus, controlling risk factors will contribute to reducing their incidence, leading to healthy lifespan. CVDs are complex diseases influenced by numerous genetic and environmental factors. Numerous gene variants that are associated with a greater or lesser risk of the different types of CVD and of intermediate phenotypes (i.e., hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, diabetes) have been successfully identified. However, despite the close link between aging and CVD, studies analyzing the genes related to human longevity have not obtained consistent results and there has been little coincidence in the genes identified in both fields. The APOE gene stands out as an exception, given that it has been identified as being relevant in CVD and longevity. This review analyzes the genomic and epigenomic factors that may contribute to this, ranging from identifying longevity genes in model organisms to the importance of gene-diet interactions (outstanding among which is the case of the TCF7L2 gene).
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Hu Y, Wang L, Chen S, Liu X, Li H, Lu X, Yang X, Huang J, Gu D. Association between the SIRT1 mRNA expression and acute coronary syndrome. J Atheroscler Thromb 2014; 22:165-82. [PMID: 25342474 DOI: 10.5551/jat.24844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Silent mating type information regulator 2 homolog 1 (SIRT1) functions as an atheroprotective factor in vascular biology, and genetic variations in SIRT1 are associated with coronary artery calcification and type 2 diabetes in several populations. In this study, we investigated the relationship between the mRNA expression levels of the SIRT1 gene and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the context of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). METHODS Whole-genome expression microarray and real-time PCR techniques were used to detect the gene expression levels, and Western blotting was performed to determine the protein expression level. The four selected SNPs were genotyped in a Taqman genotyping platform. RESULTS Compared with that observed in the controls, the mRNA expression levels of the SIRT1 gene in the microarray study were significantly lower in the acute myocardial infarction (AMI), unstable angina (UA) and overall ACS patients. These results were replicated in another independent cohort with respect to the mRNA (AMI, p<0.001; UA, p<0.001; ACS, p<0.001) and protein (p<0.05) levels. Furthermore, the relationship between the SIRT1 mRNA expression and the genotypes of four possible functional SNPs (rs12778366, rs3758391, rs2273773 and rs4746720) was tested, the results of which showed significant differences in the SIRT1 mRNA expression among the allelic genes of rs3758391 (p<0.01) in the healthy participants. CONCLUSIONS The present results confirm that the SIRT1 gene plays a protective role against ACS and that the rs3758391 SNP affects the mRNA expression in healthy participants, providing new insight into the processes regulating the genetic control of the SIRT1 gene with respect to the pathogenesis of ACS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongyan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Division of Population Genetics, Fuwai Hospital & National Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; National Human Genome Center at Beijing, Beijing, China
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İzmirli M, Göktekin Ö, Bacaksız A, Uysal Ö, Kılıç Ü. The effect of the SIRT1 2827 A>G polymorphism, resveratrol, exercise, age and occupation in Turkish population with cardiovascular disease. Anatol J Cardiol 2014; 15:103-6. [PMID: 25252293 PMCID: PMC5336992 DOI: 10.5152/akd.2014.5214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in Europe. One of the candidate molecule affecting epigenetic mechanisms of CVD is the SIRT1, a subclass of sirtuins, is located on the long arm of chromosome 10 (10q21.3). Particularly, the relation between 2827 A>G polymorphism of the SIRT1 positioned on exon 2, leading to conversion of histidine to arginine, and the formation of CVD is not known yet. One of the activator of SIRT1, resveratrol, is also known as a cardioprotective molecule. On the other hand, the parameters including exercise, occupation and age affect CVD. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of the rs144124002 (2827 A>G) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of SIRT1 and exercise-occupation-age parameters on CVD. Methods: SNP of SIRT1 were analyzed using DNA isolation, the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism. To do so, large cohorts of CVD patients (n=293) and healthy controls (n=117) who directed Cardiology Department of Bezmialem Vakıf University, Bezmialem Vakıf University Hospital were used. Results: In this study, when we assessed CVD and control groups about 2827 A>G polymorphism, all individuals were determined as homozygous genotype. We found a positive effect between the modifications of resveratrol, exercise, age and occupation and CVD (OR=0.17; CI 95%, 0.1-0.2; p≤0.001). Conclusion: This is the first study demonstrating the correlation between the SIRT1 rs144124002 polymorphism and CVD in Turkish population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Müzeyyen İzmirli
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakıf University; İstanbul-Turkey; Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mustafa Kemal University; Hatay-Turkey.
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Kilic U, Gok O, Bacaksiz A, Izmirli M, Elibol-Can B, Uysal O. SIRT1 gene polymorphisms affect the protein expression in cardiovascular diseases. PLoS One 2014; 9:e90428. [PMID: 24587358 PMCID: PMC3938716 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0090428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2013] [Accepted: 01/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD), the leading cause of death worldwide, is related to gene-environment interactions due to epigenetic factors. SIRT1 protein and its downstream pathways are critical for both normal homeostasis and protection from CVD-induced defects. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between SIRT1 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs7895833 A>G in the promoter region, rs7069102 C>G in intron 4 and rs2273773 C>T in exon 5 silent mutation) and SIRT1 and eNOS (endothelial nitric oxide synthase) protein expression as well as total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS) and oxidative stress index (OSI) in CVD patients as compared to controls. The frequencies of mutant genotypes and alleles for rs7069102 and rs2273773 were significantly higher in patients with CVD compared to control group. The risk for CVD was increased by 2.4 times for rs7069102 and 1.9 times for rs2273773 in carriers of mutant allele compared with carriers of wild-type allele pointing the protective role of C allele for both SNPs against CVD. For rs7895833, there was no significant difference in genotype and allele distributions between groups. SIRT1 protein, TAS, TOS and OSI levels significantly increased in patients as compared to control group. In contrast, level of eNOS protein was considerably low in the CVD patients. An increase in the SIRT1 expression in the CVD patients carrying mutant genotype for rs7069102 and heterozygote genotype for all three SNPs was observed. This is the first study reporting an association between SIRT1 gene polymorphisms and the levels of SIRT1 and eNOS expressions as well as TAS, TOS and OSI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulkan Kilic
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
- * E-mail:
| | - Ozlem Gok
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Bacaksiz
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Muzeyyen Izmirli
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Birsen Elibol-Can
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Omer Uysal
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Martins IJ. Induction of NAFLD with Increased Risk of Obesity and Chronic Diseases in Developed Countries. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.4236/ojemd.2014.44011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Weiss RM, Miller JD, Heistad DD. Fibrocalcific aortic valve disease: opportunity to understand disease mechanisms using mouse models. Circ Res 2013; 113:209-22. [PMID: 23833295 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.113.300153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Studies in vitro and in vivo continue to identify complex-regulated mechanisms leading to overt fibrocalcific aortic valve disease (FCAVD). Assessment of the functional impact of those processes requires careful studies of models of FCAVD in vivo. Although the genetic basis for FCAVD is unknown for most patients with FCAVD, several disease-associated genes have been identified in humans and mice. Some gene products which regulate valve development in utero also protect against fibrocalcific disease during postnatal aging. Valve calcification can occur via processes that resemble bone formation. But valve calcification can also occur by nonosteogenic mechanisms, such as formation of calcific apoptotic nodules. Anticalcific interventions might preferentially target either osteogenic or nonosteogenic calcification. Although FCAVD and atherosclerosis share several risk factors and mechanisms, there are fundamental differences between arteries and the aortic valve, with respect to disease mechanisms and responses to therapeutic interventions. Both innate and acquired immunity are likely to contribute to FCAVD. Angiogenesis is a feature of inflammation, but may also contribute independently to progression of FCAVD, possibly by actions of pericytes that are associated with new blood vessels. Several therapeutic interventions seem to be effective in attenuating the development of FCAVD in mice. Therapies which are effective early in the course of FCAVD, however, are not necessarily effective in established disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert M Weiss
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA.
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Inamori T, Goda T, Kasezawa N, Yamakawa-Kobayashi K. The combined effects of genetic variation in the SIRT1 gene and dietary intake of n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids on serum LDL-C and HDL-C levels: a population based study. Lipids Health Dis 2013; 12:4. [PMID: 23305113 PMCID: PMC3554548 DOI: 10.1186/1476-511x-12-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2012] [Accepted: 01/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dyslipidemia due to high total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, or low HDL-cholesterol is an important risk factor for coronary heart disease (CHD). Both SIRT1 and PUFAs can influence the expression of genes for nuclear receptors and transcription factors related to lipid metabolism such as LXRα, LXRβ, PPARα, SREBP-1c. Methods A total of 707 Japanese males and 723 females were randomly selected from the participants who visited a medical center for routine medical check-ups. We analyzed the combined effects of the genotype/haplotype of the SIRT1 gene and dietary n-6/n-3 PUFA intake ratio on the determination of serum lipid levels. Results We found that the SIRT1 gene marked with haplotype 2 was associated with decreased serum LDL-cholesterol and increased HDL-cholesterol levels. In addition, the associations between the SIRT1 haplotype 2 and decreased LDL-C and increased HDL-C levels were only observed in the low n-6/n-3 PUFA intake ratio group, but not in the high n-6/n-3 PUFA intake ratio group. Conclusions Our findings indicate that the combination of genetic variation in the SIRT1 gene and dietary n-6 and/or n-3 PUFA intake influence the determination of inter-individual variations of serum levels of LDL-C and HDL-C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Inamori
- Laboratory of Human Genetics, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Graduate School of Integrated Pharmaceutical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
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Cervelli T, Borghini A, Galli A, Andreassi MG. DNA damage and repair in atherosclerosis: current insights and future perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2012; 13:16929-44. [PMID: 23443128 PMCID: PMC3546731 DOI: 10.3390/ijms131216929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2012] [Revised: 11/20/2012] [Accepted: 12/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among Western populations. Over the past two decades, considerable evidence has supported a crucial role for DNA damage in the development and progression of atherosclerosis. These findings support the concept that the prolonged exposure to risk factors (e.g., dyslipidemia, smoking and diabetes mellitus) leading to reactive oxygen species are major stimuli for DNA damage within the plaque. Genomic instability at the cellular level can directly affect vascular function, leading to cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and premature vascular senescence. The purpose of this paper is to review current knowledge on the role of DNA damage and DNA repair systems in atherosclerosis, as well as to discuss the cellular response to DNA damage in order to shed light on possible strategies for prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Cervelli
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR (The National Research Council), via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
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Kooman JP, Broers NJH, Usvyat L, Thijssen S, van der Sande FM, Cornelis T, Levin NW, Leunissen KML, Kotanko P. Out of control: accelerated aging in uremia. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2012; 28:48-54. [PMID: 23139404 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfs451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Next to a high morbidity, patients with end-stage renal failure (ESRD) suffer from a complex spectrum of clinical manifestations. Both the phenotype of patients with ESRD as well as the pathophysiology of uremia show interesting parallels with the general aging process. Phenotypically, patients with ESRD have an increased susceptibility for both cardiovascular as well as infectious disease and show a reduction in functional capacity as well as muscular mass (sarcopenia), translating into a high prevalence of frailty also in younger patients. Pathophysiologically, the immune dysfunction, telomere attrition and the presence of low-grade inflammation in uremic patients also show parallels with the aging process. System models of aging, such as the homeodynamic model and reliability theory of Gavrilov may also have relevance for ESRD. The reduction in the redundancy of compensatory mechanisms and the multisystem impairment in ESRD explain the rapid loss of homeodynamic/homeostatic balance and the increased susceptibility to external stressors in these patients. System theories may also explain the relative lack of success of interventions focusing on single aspects of renal disease. The concept of accelerated aging, which also shares similarities with other organ diseases, may be of relevance both for a better understanding of the uremic process, as well as for the design of multidimensional interventions in ESRD patients, including an important role for early rehabilitation. Research into processes akin to both aging and uremia may result in novel therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeroen P Kooman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University Hospital Maastricht, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
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Shan J, Pang S, Wanyan H, Xie W, Qin X, Yan B. Genetic analysis of the SIRT1 gene promoter in ventricular septal defects. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2012; 425:741-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.07.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2012] [Accepted: 07/26/2012] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Cui Y, Wang H, Chen H, Pang S, Wang L, Liu D, Yan B. Genetic analysis of the SIRT1 gene promoter in myocardial infarction. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2012; 426:232-6. [PMID: 22935421 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.08.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2012] [Accepted: 08/15/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is a restrictive phenotype of coronary artery disease. To date, a group of genes and genetic loci have been associated to MI. However, the genetic causes and underlying molecular mechanisms for MI remain largely unknown. SIRT1, one of highly conserved NAD-dependent class III deacetylases, has been involved in several cellular processes and implicated in human diseases. Autophagy is one of major cellular degradative pathways, which plays important roles in lipid metabolism. Recent studies have shown that SIRT1 deacetylates autophagy-related genes, and the expressions of autophagic genes are altered in MI patients. Accordingly, we hypothesized that SIRT1 may be linked to the MI pathogenesis. In this study, the SIRT1 gene promoter were genetically analyzed in large cohorts of MI patients (n = 327) and controls (n = 358). The results showed that six single-nucleotide polymorphisms and 14 sequence variants were identified. Among these, five novel heterozygous variants (g.69643743Ins, g.69643840Ins, g.69643903G > C, g.69644235G > C and g.69644353G > T) and one single-nucleotide polymorphism (rs35706870) were identified in MI patients, but in none of controls. Moreover, five novel heterozygous variants (g.69643672G > A, g.69644226C > T, g.69644278A > G, g.69644408G > A and g.69644408G > T) were only found in controls. The rest variants were found in MI patients and controls with similar frequencies. Taken together, the variants identified in MI patients may alter the transcriptional activities of SIRT1 gene promoter, which may change SIRT1 levels, contributing to the MI pathogenesis as a risk factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghua Cui
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Jining Medical University Affiliated Hospital, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272029, China
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Martins IJ, Wilson AC, Lim WLF, Laws SM, Fuller SJ, Martins RN. Sirtuin-1 mediates the obesity induced risk of common degenerative diseases: Alzheimer’s disease, coronary artery disease and type 2 diabetes. Health (London) 2012. [DOI: 10.4236/health.2012.412a209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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