1
|
Niu H, Zhou M, Xu X, Xu X. Bone Marrow Adipose Tissue as a Critical Regulator of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis - A Concise Review. Clin Interv Aging 2024; 19:1259-1272. [PMID: 39011312 PMCID: PMC11249116 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s466446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) is a major health problem affecting millions of women worldwide. PMOP patients are often accompanied by abnormal accumulation of bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT). BMAT is a critical regulator of bone homeostasis, and an increasing BMAT volume is negatively associated with bone mass reduction or fracture. BMAT regulates bone metabolism via adipokines, cytokines and the immune system, but the specific mechanisms are largely unknown. This review emphasizes the impact of estrogen deficiency on bone homeostasis and BMAT expansion, and the mechanism by which BMAT regulates PMOP, providing a promising strategy for targeting BMAT in preventing and treating PMOP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huifang Niu
- Union Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Fruit Vegetable Processing Quality Control (Huazhong Agricultural University), School of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Minfeng Zhou
- Union Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Fruit Vegetable Processing Quality Control (Huazhong Agricultural University), School of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojuan Xu
- Union Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Young DJ, Edwards AJ, Quiroz Caceda KG, Liberzon E, Barrientos J, Hong S, Turner J, Choyke PL, Arlauckas S, Lazorchak AS, Morgan RA, Sato N, Dunbar CE. In vivo tracking of ex vivo generated 89 Zr-oxine labeled plasma cells by PET in a non-human primate model. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.24.595782. [PMID: 38903108 PMCID: PMC11188104 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.24.595782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
B cells are an attractive platform for engineering to produce protein-based biologics absent in genetic disorders, and potentially for the treatment of metabolic diseases and cancer. As part of pre-clinical development of B cell medicines, we demonstrate a method to collect, ex vivo expand, differentiate, radioactively label, and track adoptively transferred non-human primate (NHP) B cells. These cells underwent 10- to 15-fold expansion, initiated IgG class switching, and differentiated into antibody secreting cells. Zirconium-89-oxine labeled cells were infused into autologous donors without any preconditioning and tracked by PET/CT imaging. Within 24 hours of infusion, 20% of the initial dose homed to the bone marrow and spleen and distributed stably and equally between the two. Interestingly, approximately half of the dose homed to the liver. Image analysis of the bone marrow demonstrated inhomogeneous distribution of the cells. The subjects experienced no clinically significant side effects or laboratory abnormalities. A second infusion of B cells into one of the subjects resulted in an almost identical distribution of cells, suggesting a non-limiting engraftment niche and feasibility of repeated infusions. This work supports the NHP as a valuable model to assess the potential of B cell medicines as potential treatment for human diseases.
Collapse
|
3
|
Konnerth D, Gaasch A, Zinn A, Rogowski P, Rottler M, Walter F, Knoth J, Sturdza A, Oelmann J, Grawe F, Bodensohn R, Belka C, Corradini S. Hematologic Toxicity and Bone Marrow-Sparing Strategies in Chemoradiation for Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer: A Systematic Review. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1842. [PMID: 38791920 PMCID: PMC11120218 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16101842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The standard treatment for locally advanced cervical cancer typically includes concomitant chemoradiation, a regimen known to induce severe hematologic toxicity (HT). Particularly, pelvic bone marrow dose exposure has been identified as a contributing factor to this hematologic toxicity. Chemotherapy further increases bone marrow suppression, often necessitating treatment interruptions or dose reductions. A systematic search for original articles published between 1 January 2006 and 7 January 2024 that reported on chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced cervical cancer and hematologic toxicities was conducted. Twenty-four articles comprising 1539 patients were included in the final analysis. HT of grade 2 and higher was observed across all studies and frequently exceeded 50%. When correlating active pelvic bone marrow and HT, significant correlations were found for volumes between 10 and 45 Gy and HT of grade 3 and higher. Several dose recommendations for pelvic bone and pelvic bone marrow sparing to reduce HT were established, including V10 < 90-95%, V20 < 65-86.6% and V40 < 22.8-40%. Applying dose constraints to the pelvic bone/bone marrow is a promising approach for reducing HT, and thus reliable implementation of therapy. However, prospective randomized controlled trials are needed to define precise dose constraints and optimize clinical strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dinah Konnerth
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Aurelie Gaasch
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Annemarie Zinn
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Paul Rogowski
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Maya Rottler
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Franziska Walter
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Johannes Knoth
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Alina Sturdza
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Jan Oelmann
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Göttingen University Hospital, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Freba Grawe
- DKFZ Hector Cancer Institute at the University Medical Center Mannheim, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Clinical Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University Mannheim, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Raphael Bodensohn
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Claus Belka
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Stefanie Corradini
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Gomes RAMP, Catarino L, Santos AL. The Role of Fe, S, P, Ca, and Sr in Porous Skeletal Lesions: A Study on Non-adult Individuals Using pXRF. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024:10.1007/s12011-024-04187-4. [PMID: 38691307 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-024-04187-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Portable X-ray fluorescence is a new tool in the study of human bone. This research aims to investigate if variations in bone elemental concentrations are related with porous skeletal lesions (PSLs). One hundred well-preserved non-adult skeletons aged 0-11 years were selected from the archaeological site Convent of São Domingos, Lisbon (18th-19th century). Measuring a standard reference material and calculating the technical error of measurement assured elemental data reliability. Moreover, measuring soil samples excluded possible contamination of bones with elements from the soil, except for Pb. Additionally, the Ca/P ratio indicates maintenance of bone integrity. Cribra cranii, orbitalia, humeralis, and femoralis were recorded as present/absent, and the estimated intra-/inter-observer errors were low. The multivariate analysis found higher odds of having cribra orbitalia (OR = 1.76; CI = 0.97-3.20) and cribra femoralis (OR = 1.42; CI = 0.73-2.74) in individuals with lower Fe and higher S. Furthermore, higher levels of P, Ca, and Sr increased the odds of individuals developing cribra femoralis (OR = 2.30; CI = 1.23-4.29). Age also correlated with increased odds of exhibiting cribra orbitalia (OR = 1.86; CI = 0.94-3.68), cribra femoralis (OR = 6.97; CI = 2.78-17.45), and cribra humeralis (OR = 8.32; CI = 2.71-25.60). These findings suggest a shared etiology for these three cribras, contrasting with the higher Fe levels in individuals with cribra cranii. Lower Fe and higher S levels in individuals with cribra suggest a complex etiology, possibly involving conditions like megaloblastic or chronic disease anemia(s). Age-related elemental changes support the hypothesis that age influences cribra frequencies. This study highlights PSL complexity and opens new avenues for research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo A M P Gomes
- Research Centre for Anthropology and Health (CIAS), Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Rua Do Arco da Traição, 3000-056, Coimbra, Portugal.
- Carrera de Antropologia, University of Concepción, Barrio Universitário S/N, Concepción, Chile.
| | - Lidia Catarino
- Geosciences Center, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Coimbra, Rua Sílvio Lima - Pólo II, 3030-790, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Luisa Santos
- Research Centre for Anthropology and Health (CIAS), Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Rua Do Arco da Traição, 3000-056, Coimbra, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Iacobini C, Vitale M, Haxhi J, Menini S, Pugliese G. Impaired Remodeling of White Adipose Tissue in Obesity and Aging: From Defective Adipogenesis to Adipose Organ Dysfunction. Cells 2024; 13:763. [PMID: 38727299 PMCID: PMC11083890 DOI: 10.3390/cells13090763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The adipose organ adapts and responds to internal and environmental stimuli by remodeling both its cellular and extracellular components. Under conditions of energy surplus, the subcutaneous white adipose tissue (WAT) is capable of expanding through the enlargement of existing adipocytes (hypertrophy), followed by de novo adipogenesis (hyperplasia), which is impaired in hypertrophic obesity. However, an impaired hyperplastic response may result from various defects in adipogenesis, leading to different WAT features and metabolic consequences, as discussed here by reviewing the results of the studies in animal models with either overexpression or knockdown of the main molecular regulators of the two steps of the adipogenesis process. Moreover, impaired WAT remodeling with aging has been associated with various age-related conditions and reduced lifespan expectancy. Here, we delve into the latest advancements in comprehending the molecular and cellular processes underlying age-related changes in WAT function, their involvement in common aging pathologies, and their potential as therapeutic targets to influence both the health of elderly people and longevity. Overall, this review aims to encourage research on the mechanisms of WAT maladaptation common to conditions of both excessive and insufficient fat tissue. The goal is to devise adipocyte-targeted therapies that are effective against both obesity- and age-related disorders.
Collapse
|
6
|
Düzkalır HG, Söbü E, Adıgüzel Karaoysal Ö, Günbey HP, Caliskan E. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) measurements and morphometric evaluation of the cranium in age-matched children with central precocious puberty. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2023; 36:740-748. [PMID: 37272067 DOI: 10.1515/jpem-2023-0196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Central precocious puberty (CPP) is one of the common reasons for referral to pediatric endocrinology. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is used to rule out intracranial pathologies. However, there is insufficient information in the literature about bone marrow abnormalities on MRI in CPP cases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values obtained from bone marrow diffusion weight images (DWI) of cranial bone structures and the status of sphenooccipital synchondrosis (SOS) in CPP. METHODS MRI data from 6-to 9-year-old girls with CPP and a healthy control group were evaluated. Anthropometric data, FSH, LH, and oestradiol tests were recorded, and the relationship between SOS status, DWI-ADC values of the clivus, parietal bone, and occipital protuberance were compared. RESULTS The study included 146 girls, 79 CPP, and 67 healthy aged 6-9 years (median: 8 (2)). The diagnosis age was 8.30 ± 0.8 years. The ADC values were significantly lower on CPP than normal controls (p=<0.05). In the CPP group, pattern 1 was found at 2 % (n=2), pattern 2 at 3.5 % (n=3), and pattern 3 at 3.5 % (n=3) in clivus sphenooccipital synchondrosis. There was no correlation between the mean parietal, occipital, and clivus ADC values and any variable (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS DWI-MRI ADC analysis can be used as a quantitative radiological marker for early detection of CPP, even before changes in sphenooccipital synchondrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Elif Söbü
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Kartal Dr. Lütfi Kırdar City Hospital, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | | | - Hediye Pınar Günbey
- Department of Radiology, Kartal Dr. Lütfi Kırdar City Hospital, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Emine Caliskan
- Department of Pediatric Radiology, Kartal Dr. Lütfi Kırdar City Hospital, Istanbul, Türkiye
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Bao H, Cao J, Chen M, Chen M, Chen W, Chen X, Chen Y, Chen Y, Chen Y, Chen Z, Chhetri JK, Ding Y, Feng J, Guo J, Guo M, He C, Jia Y, Jiang H, Jing Y, Li D, Li J, Li J, Liang Q, Liang R, Liu F, Liu X, Liu Z, Luo OJ, Lv J, Ma J, Mao K, Nie J, Qiao X, Sun X, Tang X, Wang J, Wang Q, Wang S, Wang X, Wang Y, Wang Y, Wu R, Xia K, Xiao FH, Xu L, Xu Y, Yan H, Yang L, Yang R, Yang Y, Ying Y, Zhang L, Zhang W, Zhang W, Zhang X, Zhang Z, Zhou M, Zhou R, Zhu Q, Zhu Z, Cao F, Cao Z, Chan P, Chen C, Chen G, Chen HZ, Chen J, Ci W, Ding BS, Ding Q, Gao F, Han JDJ, Huang K, Ju Z, Kong QP, Li J, Li J, Li X, Liu B, Liu F, Liu L, Liu Q, Liu Q, Liu X, Liu Y, Luo X, Ma S, Ma X, Mao Z, Nie J, Peng Y, Qu J, Ren J, Ren R, Song M, Songyang Z, Sun YE, Sun Y, Tian M, Wang S, Wang S, Wang X, Wang X, Wang YJ, Wang Y, Wong CCL, Xiang AP, Xiao Y, Xie Z, Xu D, Ye J, Yue R, Zhang C, Zhang H, Zhang L, Zhang W, Zhang Y, Zhang YW, Zhang Z, Zhao T, Zhao Y, Zhu D, Zou W, Pei G, Liu GH. Biomarkers of aging. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2023; 66:893-1066. [PMID: 37076725 PMCID: PMC10115486 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-023-2305-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 77.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
Aging biomarkers are a combination of biological parameters to (i) assess age-related changes, (ii) track the physiological aging process, and (iii) predict the transition into a pathological status. Although a broad spectrum of aging biomarkers has been developed, their potential uses and limitations remain poorly characterized. An immediate goal of biomarkers is to help us answer the following three fundamental questions in aging research: How old are we? Why do we get old? And how can we age slower? This review aims to address this need. Here, we summarize our current knowledge of biomarkers developed for cellular, organ, and organismal levels of aging, comprising six pillars: physiological characteristics, medical imaging, histological features, cellular alterations, molecular changes, and secretory factors. To fulfill all these requisites, we propose that aging biomarkers should qualify for being specific, systemic, and clinically relevant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hainan Bao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Jiani Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Mengting Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Min Chen
- Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Clinical Research Center of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Disease, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Abnormalities and Vascular Aging, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Stem Cell Translational Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Yanhao Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yutian Chen
- The Department of Endovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Zhiyang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Ageing and Regenerative Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Jagadish K Chhetri
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Yingjie Ding
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Junlin Feng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Jun Guo
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Mengmeng Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Chuting He
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Yujuan Jia
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Haiping Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Ying Jing
- Beijing Municipal Geriatric Medical Research Center, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Aging Translational Medicine Center, International Center for Aging and Cancer, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Dingfeng Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Jiaming Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jingyi Li
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Qinhao Liang
- College of Life Sciences, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Rui Liang
- Research Institute of Transplant Medicine, Organ Transplant Center, NHC Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Feng Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Research, School of Life Sciences, Institute of Healthy Aging Research, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Xiaoqian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Zuojun Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Oscar Junhong Luo
- Department of Systems Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Jianwei Lv
- School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Jingyi Ma
- The State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Kehang Mao
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Center for Quantitative Biology (CQB), Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jiawei Nie
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory for Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), International Center for Aging and Cancer, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Xinhua Qiao
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Xinpei Sun
- Peking University International Cancer Institute, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Tang
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of MOE, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jianfang Wang
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Qiaoran Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Siyuan Wang
- Clinical Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Center, Medical Research Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Beijing, 102218, China
| | - Yaning Wang
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yuhan Wang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Rimo Wu
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, 510005, China
| | - Kai Xia
- Center for Stem Cell Biologyand Tissue Engineering, Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Fu-Hui Xiao
- CAS Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Research of Yunnan Province, Kunming Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Study, KIZ/CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China
| | - Lingyan Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Yingying Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Haoteng Yan
- Beijing Municipal Geriatric Medical Research Center, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Aging Translational Medicine Center, International Center for Aging and Cancer, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Liang Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Ruici Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yuanxin Yang
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Yilin Ying
- Department of Geriatrics, Medical Center on Aging of Shanghai Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
- International Laboratory in Hematology and Cancer, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine/Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Le Zhang
- Gerontology Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430000, China
- Institute of Gerontology, Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Wenwan Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Xing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, School of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Zhuo Zhang
- Optogenetics & Synthetic Biology Interdisciplinary Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
- Research Unit of New Techniques for Live-cell Metabolic Imaging, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Min Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research Center, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Rui Zhou
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Qingchen Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Zhengmao Zhu
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Feng Cao
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, 100853, China.
| | - Zhongwei Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Piu Chan
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
| | - Chang Chen
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Guobing Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Great Bay Area Geroscience Joint Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510000, China.
| | - Hou-Zao Chen
- Department of Biochemistryand Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China.
| | - Jun Chen
- Peking University Research Center on Aging, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Weimin Ci
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Bi-Sen Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Qiurong Ding
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
| | - Feng Gao
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, School of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Jing-Dong J Han
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Center for Quantitative Biology (CQB), Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
| | - Kai Huang
- Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
- Hubei Clinical Research Center of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Disease, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Abnormalities and Vascular Aging, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Zhenyu Ju
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Ageing and Regenerative Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| | - Qing-Peng Kong
- CAS Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Research of Yunnan Province, Kunming Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Study, KIZ/CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China.
| | - Ji Li
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
| | - Jian Li
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Baohua Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, 518060, China.
| | - Feng Liu
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South Unversity, Changsha, 410011, China.
| | - Lin Liu
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China.
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300000, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China.
| | - Qiang Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230036, China.
| | - Qiang Liu
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China.
- Tianjin Institute of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.
| | - Xingguo Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China.
| | - Yong Liu
- College of Life Sciences, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.
| | - Xianghang Luo
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research Center, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
| | - Shuai Ma
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Xinran Ma
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.
| | - Zhiyong Mao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Jing Nie
- The State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Yaojin Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Jing Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Jie Ren
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Ruibao Ren
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory for Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), International Center for Aging and Cancer, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
- International Center for Aging and Cancer, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China.
| | - Moshi Song
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Zhou Songyang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Research, School of Life Sciences, Institute of Healthy Aging Research, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China.
- Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
| | - Yi Eve Sun
- Stem Cell Translational Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200065, China.
| | - Yu Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
- Department of Medicine and VAPSHCS, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
| | - Mei Tian
- Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Shusen Wang
- Research Institute of Transplant Medicine, Organ Transplant Center, NHC Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300384, China.
| | - Si Wang
- Beijing Municipal Geriatric Medical Research Center, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
- Aging Translational Medicine Center, International Center for Aging and Cancer, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
| | - Xia Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Xiaoning Wang
- Institute of Geriatrics, The second Medical Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Aging and Geriatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.
| | - Yan-Jiang Wang
- Department of Neurology and Center for Clinical Neuroscience, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China.
| | - Yunfang Wang
- Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Center, Medical Research Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Beijing, 102218, China.
| | - Catherine C L Wong
- Clinical Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Andy Peng Xiang
- Center for Stem Cell Biologyand Tissue Engineering, Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Yichuan Xiao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
| | - Zhengwei Xie
- Peking University International Cancer Institute, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Beijing & Qingdao Langu Pharmaceutical R&D Platform, Beijing Gigaceuticals Tech. Co. Ltd., Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Daichao Xu
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China.
| | - Jing Ye
- Department of Geriatrics, Medical Center on Aging of Shanghai Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
- International Laboratory in Hematology and Cancer, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine/Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Rui Yue
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Cuntai Zhang
- Gerontology Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430000, China.
- Institute of Gerontology, Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Hongbo Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Liang Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Weiqi Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Yong Zhang
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, 510005, China.
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China.
| | - Yun-Wu Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.
| | - Zhuohua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Precision Medicine of Hunan Province and Center for Medical Genetics, Institute of Molecular Precision Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China.
- Department of Neurosciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China.
| | - Tongbiao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Yuzheng Zhao
- Optogenetics & Synthetic Biology Interdisciplinary Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
- Research Unit of New Techniques for Live-cell Metabolic Imaging, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Dahai Zhu
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, 510005, China.
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China.
| | - Weiguo Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
| | - Gang Pei
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Laboratory of Receptor-Based Biomedicine, The Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200070, China.
| | - Guang-Hui Liu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
He N, Liu M, Wu Y. Adipose tissue and hematopoiesis: Friend or foe? J Clin Lab Anal 2023; 37:e24872. [PMID: 36972475 PMCID: PMC10156104 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Hematopoietic stem cells are the origin of all hematopoietic cells. They have the self-renewal ability and can differentiate into various blood cells. In physiological state, most of the hematopoietic stem cells are dormant, and only a few cells proliferate to maintain hematopoietic homeostasis. METHODS This precise steady-state maintenance is regulated by complex mechanisms. Bone marrow adipocytes make up half of all cells in the bone marrow cavity, a feature that has attracted the attention of researchers from multiple fields. The adipocyte density within marrow increases during aging and obesity. RESULTS Recent studies have shown that bone marrow adipocytes play important roles in regulating hematopoiesis, but the effects of bone marrow adipocytes on hematopoiesis are often conflicting. Bone marrow adipocytes, participating in the formation of bone marrow hematopoietic microenvironment, influence hematopoiesis positively or negatively. In addition, other adipose tissue, especially white adipose tissue, also regulates hematopoiesis. CONCLUSION In this review, we describe the role of adipose tissue in hematological malignancies, which may be useful for understanding hematopoiesis and the pathogenesis of related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Na He
- Center for Cell Structure and Function, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Min Liu
- Center for Cell Structure and Function, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Yue Wu
- Center for Cell Structure and Function, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Smith HL, Gray JC, Beers SA, Kanczler JM. Tri-Lineage Differentiation Potential of Osteosarcoma Cell Lines and Human Bone Marrow Stromal Cells from Different Anatomical Locations. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043667. [PMID: 36835079 PMCID: PMC9960605 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The bone cancer osteosarcoma, found mainly in adolescents, routinely forms around the growth plate/metaphysis of long bones. Bone marrow composition changes with age, shifting from a more hematopoietic to an adipocyte-rich tissue. This conversion occurs in the metaphysis during adolescence, implicating a link between bone marrow conversion and osteosarcoma initiation. To assess this, the tri-lineage differentiation potential of human bone marrow stromal cells (HBMSCs) isolated from the femoral diaphysis/metaphysis (FD) and epiphysis (FE) was characterized and compared to two osteosarcoma cell lines, Saos-2 and MG63. Compared to FE-cells, FD-cells showed an increase in tri-lineage differentiation. Additionally, differences were found between the Saos-2 cells exhibiting higher levels of osteogenic differentiation, lower adipogenic differentiation, and a more developed chondrogenic phenotype than MG63, with the Saos-2 being more comparable to FD-derived HBMSCs. The differences found between the FD and FE derived cells are consistent with the FD region containing more hematopoietic tissue compared to the FE. This may be related to the similarities between FD-derived cells and Saos-2 cells during osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation. These studies reveal distinct differences in the tri-lineage differentiations of 'hematopoietic' and 'adipocyte rich' bone marrow, which correlate with specific characteristics of the two osteosarcoma cell lines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hannah L. Smith
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Centre for Cancer Immunology, Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
- Bone and Joint Research Group, Institute of Developmental Sciences, Human Development and Health, Faulty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Juliet C. Gray
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Centre for Cancer Immunology, Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Stephen A. Beers
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Centre for Cancer Immunology, Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Janos M. Kanczler
- Bone and Joint Research Group, Institute of Developmental Sciences, Human Development and Health, Faulty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kumasaka S, Kubota J, Kumasaka Y, Naito C, Tsushima Y. A novel use of CT attenuation value: increased bone marrow density in patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Acta Radiol 2022; 64:1573-1578. [PMID: 36317293 DOI: 10.1177/02841851221135154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Background Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the most common type of acute leukemia in adults. Bone marrow computed tomography (CT) attenuation may increase in patients with myeloproliferative disorders; however, the actual threshold CT attenuation value predictive of myeloproliferative has not been reported. Purpose To determine whether the unenhanced CT attenuation value of the bone marrow may be useful for predicting AML. Material and Methods We retrospectively analyzed patients with AML (n = 56) who underwent unenhanced CT before treatment, and age- and sex-matched controls without any hematologic disease. For each patient, the CT attenuation value (HU) of the iliac bone was measured and compared between the two groups. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to define the cutoff value for predicting AML on all patients, and only on late elderly patients (aged ≥75 years). Results Patients with AML showed higher bone marrow CT attenuation value (131.4 ± 58.3 vs. 53.9 ± 67.2 HU; P < 0.001), compared to the controls. The sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of AML in all patients were 78.6% and 80.4%, respectively, at a threshold value of 90 HU, whereas they were 83.3% and 91.7%, respectively, at 40 HU in late elderly patients. Conclusion The iliac bone CT attenuation value was elevated in patients with AML and may be useful for predicting AML.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soma Kumasaka
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Jun Kubota
- Department of Radiology, Saiseikai Maebashi Hospital, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Yuka Kumasaka
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Chiaki Naito
- Department of Hematology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Yoshito Tsushima
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
April G, De Bruycker JJ, Decaluwe H, Haddad E, Lambert R, Turpin S. Evaluation of physiological Waldeyer's ring, mediastinal blood pool, thymic, bone marrow, splenic and hepatic activity with 18F-FDG PET/CT: exploration of normal range among pediatric patients. Ann Nucl Med 2022; 36:661-673. [PMID: 35643969 DOI: 10.1007/s12149-022-01748-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION While 18F-FDG PET/CT pediatrics applications have increased in number and indications, few studies have addressed normal maximum standardized uptake values (SUVmax) of referral organs in children. The purpose of this study is to assess these in a cohort of pediatric patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS 285 18F-FDG PET/CT scans in 229 patients were reviewed. SUVmax were assessed for mediastinal blood pool (MBP), thymus (T), liver (L), spleen (S), bone marrow (BM) and Waldeyer's Ring (Wald). L/MBP and S/L ratios were calculated. Same day complete blood counts (CBC) were available for 132 studies and compared to BM and S. Means, standard deviations and correlation coefficients with age, weight and body surface area (BSA) were calculated. RESULTS Weak correlation with age, weight or BSA was found for Wald. Strong correlations with weight/BSA more than with age were demonstrated for MBP, L and BM and moderate for S and T. After initial decrease between age 0 and 2, thymic activity peaked at age 11 years then involuted. No correlation was found between CBC ad BM or S. In 28 studies, L was less or equal to MBP. In 74 S was superior to L. CONCLUSIONS Referral organs 18F-FDG uptake varies in children more in relation with weight and BSA than with age for key referral organs, such as L, S and MBP. In a significant number of studies, L activity may impede evaluation of treatment response in comparison with MBP or inflammation/infection evaluation in comparison with S.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Geneviève April
- Medical Imaging Department-Division of Nuclear Medicine, Laval University, CHU de Québec, Hôtel-Dieu, 11 Côte du Palais, Québec, QC, G1R 2J6, Canada
| | - Jean Jacques De Bruycker
- Pediatrics Department Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology Division, University of Montreal, CHU Ste-Justine, 3175 Chemin de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine Montreal, Montreal, QC, H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Hélène Decaluwe
- Pediatrics Department Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology Division, University of Montreal, CHU Ste-Justine, 3175 Chemin de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine Montreal, Montreal, QC, H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Elie Haddad
- Pediatrics Department Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology Division, University of Montreal, CHU Ste-Justine, 3175 Chemin de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine Montreal, Montreal, QC, H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Raymond Lambert
- Medical Imaging Department-Division of Nuclear Medicine, University of Montreal, CHU Ste-Justine, 3175 Chemin de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine Montreal, Montreal, QC, H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Sophie Turpin
- Medical Imaging Department-Division of Nuclear Medicine, University of Montreal, CHU Ste-Justine, 3175 Chemin de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine Montreal, Montreal, QC, H3T 1C5, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Pelvic bones ADC could help to predict severe hematologic toxicity in patients undergoing concurrent chemoradiotherapy for cervical cancer. Magn Reson Imaging 2022; 94:98-104. [PMID: 35777686 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2022.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hematologic toxicity (HT) during concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) for cervical cancer can lead to treatment breaks and compromise efficacy. PURPOSE To evaluate the association between severe hematologic toxicity (HT) and clinical factors and pelvic apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) during CCRT of cervical cancer patients. METHODS Data from 120 patients with cervical cancer who were treated with CCRT from January 2016 and December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. The clinical data (age, menopausal status, clinical stage, body mass index, chemotherapy regimen and chemotherapy cycle) of the patients were collected, and the cohort were divided into two groups based on the HT grade: HT3+ group (HT grade ≥ 3; 66 patients) and HT3- group (HT grade<3; 54 patients). All patients performed MRI before CCRT, and pelvic (ilium, pubis, ischium) ADC value was measured on ADC map. The correlation between severe HT and clinical parameters and pelvic ADC value were analyzed by univariate analysis, and the diagnostic performance was further assessed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. RESULTS In univariate analysis, the menopausal status (p = 0.012) and chemotherapy regimen (p = 0.011) were significantly correlated with severe HT in overall patients, and menopausal patients or patients receiving paclitaxel plus cisplatin (TP) regimen were more likely to develop severe HT. HT3+ group showed a significantly lower pelvic ADC value than HT3- group. The ADC value cut-offs derived from our study for predicting severe HT was 0.317 × 10-3 mm2/s in overall patients. Neither clinical parameters or pelvic ADCs were associated with severe HT in menopausal patients when analyzed separately (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Severe HT was significantly associated with menopausal status and chemotherapy regimen in patients with cervical cancer treated with CCRT, and HT3+ group showed a lower pelvic ADC value.
Collapse
|
13
|
Hernandez M, Shin S, Muller C, Attané C. The role of bone marrow adipocytes in cancer progression: the impact of obesity. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2022; 41:589-605. [PMID: 35708800 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-022-10042-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Bone marrow adipose tissues (BMATs) and their main cellular component, bone marrow adipocytes (BMAds), are found within the bone marrow (BM), which is a niche for the development of hematological malignancies as well as bone metastasis from solid tumors such as breast and prostate cancers. In humans, BMAds are present within the hematopoietic or "red" BMAT and in the "yellow" BMAT where they are more densely packed. BMAds are emerging as new actors in tumor progression; however, there are many outstanding questions regarding their precise role. In this review, we summarized our current knowledge regarding the development, distribution, and regulation by external stimuli of the BMATs in mice and humans and addressed how obesity could affect these traits. We then discussed the specific metabolic phenotype of BMAds that appear to be different from "classical" white adipocytes, since they are devoid of lipolytic function. According to this characterization, we presented how tumor cells affect the in vitro and in vivo phenotype of BMAds and the signals emanating from BMAds that are susceptible to modulate tumor behavior with a specific emphasis on their metabolic crosstalk with cancer cells. Finally, we discussed how obesity could affect this crosstalk. Deciphering the role of BMAds in tumor progression would certainly lead to the identification of new targets in oncology in the near future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marine Hernandez
- Institut de Pharmacologie Et Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre Le Cancer, Toulouse, France
| | - Sauyeun Shin
- Institut de Pharmacologie Et Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre Le Cancer, Toulouse, France
| | - Catherine Muller
- Institut de Pharmacologie Et Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France.
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre Le Cancer, Toulouse, France.
| | - Camille Attané
- Institut de Pharmacologie Et Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France.
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre Le Cancer, Toulouse, France.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Belyaeva E, Rubenstein A, Pierson SK, Dalldorf D, Frank D, Lim MS, Fajgenbaum DC. Bone Marrow Findings of Idiopathic Multicentric Castleman Disease: A Histopathologic Analysis and Systematic Literature Review. Hematol Oncol 2022; 40:191-201. [PMID: 35104370 DOI: 10.1002/hon.2969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Idiopathic multicentric Castleman disease (iMCD) is a polyclonal lymphoproliferative disorder characterized by constitutional symptoms, generalized lymphadenopathy, cytopenias, and multi-organ dysfunction due to excessive cytokines, notably Interleukin-6. iMCD is often sub-classified into iMCD-TAFRO, which is associated with thrombocytopenia (T), anasarca (A), fever/elevated C-reactive protein (F), renal dysfunction (R), and organomegaly (O), and iMCD-NOS, which is typically associated with thrombocytosis and hypergammaglobulinemia. The diagnosis of iMCD is challenging as consensus clinico-pathological diagnostic criteria were only recently established and include several non-specific lymph node histopathological features. Identification of further clinico-pathological features commonly found in iMCD could contribute to more accurate and timely diagnoses. We set out to characterize bone marrow (BM) histopathological features in iMCD, assess differences between iMCD-TAFRO and iMCD-NOS, and determine if these findings are specific to iMCD. Examination of BM specimens from 24 iMCD patients revealed a high proportion with hypercellularity, megakaryocytic atypia, reticulin fibrosis, and plasmacytosis across patients with both iMCD-NOS and iMCD-TAFRO with significantly more megakaryocytic hyperplasia (p=0.001) in the iMCD-TAFRO cases. These findings were also consistent with bone marrow findings from 185 published cases of iMCD-NOS and iMCD-TAFRO. However, these findings are relatively nonspecific as they can be seen in various other infectious, malignant, and autoimmune diseases. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizaveta Belyaeva
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Usa, 70112
| | - Ayelet Rubenstein
- Department of Medicine, Center for Cytokine Storm Treatment & Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Usa, 19104
| | - Sheila K Pierson
- Department of Medicine, Center for Cytokine Storm Treatment & Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Usa, 19104
| | - Delaney Dalldorf
- Castleman Disease Collaborative Network, Philadelphia, Usa, 19104
| | - Dale Frank
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Usa, 19104
| | - Megan S Lim
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Usa, 19104
| | - David C Fajgenbaum
- Department of Medicine, Center for Cytokine Storm Treatment & Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Usa, 19104
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Gamma camera imaging in hematological diseases. Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-822960-6.00166-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
|
16
|
Chalissery J, Antony F, Varghese KM, Gopu GP, Boban M. Relationship of irradiated bone marrow volume and neutropenia in patients undergoing concurrent chemoradiation therapy for cervical cancer. J Cancer Res Ther 2022; 18:1498-1503. [DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_924_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
17
|
Fervers P, Fervers F, Kottlors J, Lohneis P, Pollman-Schweckhorst P, Zaytoun H, Rinneburger M, Maintz D, Große Hokamp N. Feasibility of artificial intelligence–supported assessment of bone marrow infiltration using dual-energy computed tomography in patients with evidence of monoclonal protein — a retrospective observational study. Eur Radiol 2021; 32:2901-2911. [PMID: 34921619 PMCID: PMC9038860 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-021-08419-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
To demonstrate the feasibility of an automated, non-invasive approach to estimate bone marrow (BM) infiltration of multiple myeloma (MM) by dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) after virtual non-calcium (VNCa) post-processing.
Methods
Individuals with MM and monoclonal gammopathy of unknown significance (MGUS) with concurrent DECT and BM biopsy between May 2018 and July 2020 were included in this retrospective observational study. Two pathologists and three radiologists reported BM infiltration and presence of osteolytic bone lesions, respectively. Bone mineral density (BMD) was quantified CT-based by a CE-certified software. Automated spine segmentation was implemented by a pre-trained convolutional neural network. The non-fatty portion of BM was defined as voxels > 0 HU in VNCa. For statistical assessment, multivariate regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) were conducted.
Results
Thirty-five patients (mean age 65 ± 12 years; 18 female) were evaluated. The non-fatty portion of BM significantly predicted BM infiltration after adjusting for the covariable BMD (p = 0.007, r = 0.46). A non-fatty portion of BM > 0.93% could anticipate osteolytic lesions and the clinical diagnosis of MM with an area under the ROC curve of 0.70 [0.49–0.90] and 0.71 [0.54–0.89], respectively. Our approach identified MM-patients without osteolytic lesions on conventional CT with a sensitivity and specificity of 0.63 and 0.71, respectively.
Conclusions
Automated, AI-supported attenuation assessment of the spine in DECT VNCa is feasible to predict BM infiltration in MM. Further, the proposed method might allow for pre-selecting patients with higher pre-test probability of osteolytic bone lesions and support the clinical diagnosis of MM without pathognomonic lesions on conventional CT.
Key Points
• The retrospective study provides an automated approach for quantification of the non-fatty portion of bone marrow, based on AI-supported spine segmentation and virtual non-calcium dual-energy CT data.
• An increasing non-fatty portion of bone marrow is associated with a higher infiltration determined by invasive biopsy after adjusting for bone mineral density as a control variable (p = 0.007, r = 0.46).
• The non-fatty portion of bone marrow might support the clinical diagnosis of multiple myeloma when conventional CT images are negative (sensitivity 0.63, specificity 0.71).
Collapse
|
18
|
Pierro A, Posa A, Astore C, Sciandra M, Tanzilli A, Petrosino A, del Balso MS, Fraticelli V, Cilla S, Iezzi R. Whole-Body Low-Dose Multidetector-Row CT in Multiple Myeloma: Guidance in Performing, Observing, and Interpreting the Imaging Findings. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11121320. [PMID: 34947851 PMCID: PMC8707516 DOI: 10.3390/life11121320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma is a hematological malignancy of plasma cells usually detected due to various bone abnormalities on imaging and rare extraosseous abnormalities. The traditional approach for disease detection was based on plain radiographs, showing typical lytic lesions. Still, this technique has many limitations in terms of diagnosis and assessment of response to treatment. The new approach to assess osteolytic lesions in patients newly diagnosed with multiple myeloma is based on total-body low-dose CT. The purpose of this paper is to suggest a guide for radiologists in performing and evaluating a total-body low-dose CT in patients with multiple myeloma, both newly-diagnosed and in follow-up (pre and post treatment).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Pierro
- Department of Radiology, “A. Cardarelli” Regional Hospital, ASReM, Contrada Tappino, 86100 Campobasso, Italy; (A.P.); (M.S.); (M.S.d.B.)
| | - Alessandro Posa
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Oncologic Radiotherapy and Hematology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, L.go A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy; (A.T.); (A.P.); (R.I.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Costanzo Astore
- Radiology Unit, Gemelli Molise Hospital, L.go A. Gemelli 1, 86100 Campobasso, Italy;
| | - Mariacarmela Sciandra
- Department of Radiology, “A. Cardarelli” Regional Hospital, ASReM, Contrada Tappino, 86100 Campobasso, Italy; (A.P.); (M.S.); (M.S.d.B.)
| | - Alessandro Tanzilli
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Oncologic Radiotherapy and Hematology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, L.go A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy; (A.T.); (A.P.); (R.I.)
| | - Antonella Petrosino
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Oncologic Radiotherapy and Hematology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, L.go A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy; (A.T.); (A.P.); (R.I.)
| | - Maria Saveria del Balso
- Department of Radiology, “A. Cardarelli” Regional Hospital, ASReM, Contrada Tappino, 86100 Campobasso, Italy; (A.P.); (M.S.); (M.S.d.B.)
| | - Vincenzo Fraticelli
- Hematology Unit, Gemelli Molise Hospital, L.go A. Gemelli 1, 86100 Campobasso, Italy;
| | - Savino Cilla
- Medical Phisics Unit, Gemelli Molise Hospital, L.go A. Gemelli 1, 86100 Campobasso, Italy;
| | - Roberto Iezzi
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Oncologic Radiotherapy and Hematology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, L.go A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy; (A.T.); (A.P.); (R.I.)
- Radiology Unit, Gemelli Molise Hospital, L.go A. Gemelli 1, 86100 Campobasso, Italy;
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Raynor WY, Park PSU, Borja AJ, Sun Y, Werner TJ, Ng SJ, Lau HC, Høilund-Carlsen PF, Alavi A, Revheim ME. PET-Based Imaging with 18F-FDG and 18F-NaF to Assess Inflammation and Microcalcification in Atherosclerosis and Other Vascular and Thrombotic Disorders. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11122234. [PMID: 34943473 PMCID: PMC8700072 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11122234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) represents a method of detecting and characterizing arterial wall inflammation, with potential applications in the early assessment of vascular disorders such as atherosclerosis. By portraying early-stage molecular changes, FDG-PET findings have previously been shown to correlate with atherosclerosis progression. In addition, recent studies have suggested that microcalcification revealed by 18F-sodium fluoride (NaF) may be more sensitive at detecting atherogenic changes compared to FDG-PET. In this review, we summarize the roles of FDG and NaF in the assessment of atherosclerosis and discuss the role of global assessment in quantification of the vascular disease burden. Furthermore, we will review the emerging applications of FDG-PET in various vascular disorders, including pulmonary embolism, as well as inflammatory and infectious vascular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William Y. Raynor
- Department of Radiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (W.Y.R.); (P.S.U.P.); (A.J.B.); (T.J.W.); (A.A.)
| | - Peter Sang Uk Park
- Department of Radiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (W.Y.R.); (P.S.U.P.); (A.J.B.); (T.J.W.); (A.A.)
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;
| | - Austin J. Borja
- Department of Radiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (W.Y.R.); (P.S.U.P.); (A.J.B.); (T.J.W.); (A.A.)
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;
| | - Yusha Sun
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;
| | - Thomas J. Werner
- Department of Radiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (W.Y.R.); (P.S.U.P.); (A.J.B.); (T.J.W.); (A.A.)
| | - Sze Jia Ng
- Department of Medicine, Crozer-Chester Medical Center, Upland, PA 19013, USA; (S.J.N.); (H.C.L.)
| | - Hui Chong Lau
- Department of Medicine, Crozer-Chester Medical Center, Upland, PA 19013, USA; (S.J.N.); (H.C.L.)
| | - Poul Flemming Høilund-Carlsen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense C, Denmark;
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense C, Denmark
| | - Abass Alavi
- Department of Radiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (W.Y.R.); (P.S.U.P.); (A.J.B.); (T.J.W.); (A.A.)
| | - Mona-Elisabeth Revheim
- Department of Radiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (W.Y.R.); (P.S.U.P.); (A.J.B.); (T.J.W.); (A.A.)
- Division of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Sognsvannsveien 20, 0372 Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Problemveien 7, 0315 Oslo, Norway
- Correspondence: or
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Wu J, Wang Y, Liao T, Rao Z, Gong W, Ou L, Chen Y, Zhang C. Comparison of the Relative Diagnostic Performance of [ 68Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 and [ 18F]FDG PET/CT for the Detection of Bone Metastasis in Patients With Different Cancers. Front Oncol 2021; 11:737827. [PMID: 34604078 PMCID: PMC8484883 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.737827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The present retrospective analysis sought to compare the relative diagnostic efficacy of [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 to that of [18F]FDG PET/CT as a means of detecting bone metastases in patients with a range of cancer types. Materials In total, 30 patients with bone metastases associated with different underlying malignancies were retrospectively enrolled. All patients had undergone [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 and [18F]FDG PET/CT, and the McNemar test was used to compare the relative diagnostic performance of these two imaging modalities. The maximum standard uptake value (SUVmax) was used to quantify radiotracer uptake by metastatic lesions, with the relative uptake associated with these two imaging strategies being compared via the Mann-Whitney U test. The cohort was further respectively divided into two (osteolytic and osteoblastic bone metastases) and three clinical subgroups (lung cancer, thyroid cancer, and liver cancer). Results [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT was found to be significantly more sensitive as a means of diagnosing bone metastases relative to [18F]FDG PET/CT ([109/109] 100% vs [89/109] 81.7%; P< 0.01), consistent with the significantly increased uptake of [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 by these metastatic lesions relative to that of [18F]FDG (n=109, median SUVmax, 9.1 vs. 4.5; P< 0.01). [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 accumulation was significantly higher than that of [18F]FDG in both osteolytic (n=66, median SUVmax, 10.6 vs 6.1; P < 0.01), and osteoblastic metastases (n=43, median SUVmax, 7.7 vs 3.7; P < 0.01). [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 uptakes were significantly higher than that of [18F]FDG in bone metastases from lung cancer (n = 62, median SUVmax, 10.7 vs 5.2; P < 0.01), thyroid cancer (n = 18, median SUVmax, 5.65 vs 2.1; P < 0.01) and liver cancer (n = 12, median SUVmax, 5.65 vs 3.05; P < 0.01). However, [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 detected 10 false-positive lesions, while only 5 false-positive were visualized by [18F]FDG PET/CT. Conclusion [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT exhibits excellent diagnostic performance as a means of detecting bone metastases, and is superior to [18F]FDG PET/CT in this diagnostic context. Furthermore, [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 tracer uptake levels are higher than those of [18F]FDG for most bone metastases. However, owing to the potential for false-positive bone lesions, it is critical that physicians interpret all CT findings with caution to ensure diagnostic accuracy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junhao Wu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China.,Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China
| | - Yingwei Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China.,Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China
| | - Taiping Liao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China.,Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China
| | - Zijuan Rao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China.,Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China
| | - Weidong Gong
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China.,Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China
| | - Lei Ou
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China.,Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China
| | - Yue Chen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China.,Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China
| | - Chunyin Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China.,Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Colleluori G, Villareal DT. Aging, obesity, sarcopenia and the effect of diet and exercise intervention. Exp Gerontol 2021; 155:111561. [PMID: 34562568 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2021.111561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The number of adults 65 years and older is increasing worldwide and will represent the 20% of the population by 2030. Half of them will suffer from obesity. The decline in muscle mass and strength, known as sarcopenia, is very common among older adults with obesity (sarcopenic obesity). Sarcopenic obesity is strongly associated with frailty, cardiometabolic dysfunction, physical disability, and mortality. Increasing efforts have been hence made to identify effective strategies able to promote healthy aging and curb the obesity pandemic. Among these, lifestyle interventions consisting of diet and exercise protocols have been extensively explored. Importantly, diet-induced weight loss is associated with fat, muscle, and bone mass losses, and may further exacerbate age-related sarcopenia and frailty outcomes in older adults. Successful approaches to induce fat mass loss while preserving lean and bone mass are critical to reduce the aging- and obesity-related physical and metabolic complications and at the same time ameliorate frailty. In this review article, we discuss the most recent evidence on the age-related alterations in adipose tissue and muscle health and on the effect of calorie restriction and exercise approaches for older adults with obesity and sarcopenia, emphasizing the existing gaps in the literature that need further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Colleluori
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Center for the Study of Obesity, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy; Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Dennis T Villareal
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Nicholls J, Cao B, Le Texier L, Xiong LY, Hunter CR, Llanes G, Aguliar EG, Schroder WA, Phipps S, Lynch JP, Cao H, Heazlewood SY, Williams B, Clouston AD, Nefzger CM, Polo JM, Nilsson SK, Blazar BR, MacDonald KPA. Bone Marrow Regulatory T Cells Are a Unique Population, Supported by Niche-Specific Cytokines and Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells, and Required for Chronic Graft-Versus-Host Disease Control. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:737880. [PMID: 34631716 PMCID: PMC8493124 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.737880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T cell (Treg) reconstitution is essential for reestablishing tolerance and maintaining homeostasis following stem-cell transplantation. We previously reported that bone marrow (BM) is highly enriched in autophagy-dependent Treg and autophagy disruption leads to a significant Treg loss, particularly BM-Treg. To correct the known Treg deficiency observed in chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) patients, low dose IL-2 infusion has been administered, substantially increasing peripheral Treg (pTreg) numbers. However, as clinical responses were only seen in ∼50% of patients, we postulated that pTreg augmentation was more robust than for BM-Treg. We show that BM-Treg and pTreg have distinct characteristics, indicated by differential transcriptome expression for chemokine receptors, transcription factors, cell cycle control of replication and genes linked to Treg function. Further, BM-Treg were more quiescent, expressed lower FoxP3, were highly enriched for co-inhibitory markers and more profoundly depleted than splenic Treg in cGVHD mice. In vivo our data are consistent with the BM and not splenic microenvironment is, at least in part, driving this BM-Treg signature, as adoptively transferred splenic Treg that entered the BM niche acquired a BM-Treg phenotype. Analyses identified upregulated expression of IL-9R, IL-33R, and IL-7R in BM-Treg. Administration of the T cell produced cytokine IL-2 was required by splenic Treg expansion but had no impact on BM-Treg, whereas the converse was true for IL-9 administration. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) within the BM also may contribute to BM-Treg maintenance. Using pDC-specific BDCA2-DTR mice in which diptheria toxin administration results in global pDC depletion, we demonstrate that pDC depletion hampers BM, but not splenic, Treg homeostasis. Together, these data provide evidence that BM-Treg and splenic Treg are phenotypically and functionally distinct and influenced by niche-specific mediators that selectively support their respective Treg populations. The unique properties of BM-Treg should be considered for new therapies to reconstitute Treg and reestablish tolerance following SCT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jemma Nicholls
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplant and Cellular Therapies, Department of Pediatrics, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Benjamin Cao
- Biomedical Manufacturing Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Laetitia Le Texier
- Immunology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Laura Yan Xiong
- Immunology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Christopher R. Hunter
- Immunology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Genesis Llanes
- Immunology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Ethan G. Aguliar
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplant and Cellular Therapies, Department of Pediatrics, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Wayne A. Schroder
- Immunology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Simon Phipps
- Immunology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Jason P. Lynch
- Immunology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Huimin Cao
- Biomedical Manufacturing Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Shen Y. Heazlewood
- Biomedical Manufacturing Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Brenda Williams
- Biomedical Manufacturing Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Christian M. Nefzger
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jose M. Polo
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Susan K. Nilsson
- Biomedical Manufacturing Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Bruce R. Blazar
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplant and Cellular Therapies, Department of Pediatrics, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Kelli P. A. MacDonald
- Immunology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Okada S, Ito K, Muraoka H, Hirahara N, Itakura G, Ichiki S, Komatsu T, Kondo T, Kaneda T. Quantitative assessment of the mandibular bone marrow of diabetes mellitus patients using diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging. Oral Radiol 2021; 38:349-355. [PMID: 34505258 DOI: 10.1007/s11282-021-00564-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to assess quantitatively the mandibular bone marrow of patients with and without diabetes mellitus (DM) using the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI). METHODS 65 DM patients (28 men, 37 women, 29-84 years of age, mean age 55.7 ± 15.7 years) and age-, sex- and periodontitis stage-matched 65 non-DM patients who had underwent MRI between April 2006 and March 2018 were included in this study. The ADC was calculated using the ADC visualization tool implemented in a dedicated off-line workstation. The regions of interest (ROI) were manually placed on the ADC map on which the mandibular bone marrow from the lower first molar to the lower second molar was observed in patients with and without DM. Statistical analysis was performed using the Mann-Whitney U test and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. P values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. RESULTS The mean ADC values of the mandibular bone marrow of patients with and without DM were 1.18 ± 0.21 × 10-3 mm2/s and 0.83 ± 0.14 × 10-3 mm2/s, respectively. The ADC values of DM patients were significantly higher than those of patients without DM. CONCLUSION The ADC values allowed the quantitative evaluation of the mandibular bone marrow of DM patients. DWI might serve as a new and noninvasive method to assess the presence of DM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shunya Okada
- Department of Radiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, 2-870-1 Sakaecho-Nishi, Matsudo, Chiba, 271-8587, Japan.
| | - Kotaro Ito
- Department of Radiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, 2-870-1 Sakaecho-Nishi, Matsudo, Chiba, 271-8587, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Muraoka
- Department of Radiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, 2-870-1 Sakaecho-Nishi, Matsudo, Chiba, 271-8587, Japan
| | - Naohisa Hirahara
- Department of Radiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, 2-870-1 Sakaecho-Nishi, Matsudo, Chiba, 271-8587, Japan
| | - Go Itakura
- Department of Radiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, 2-870-1 Sakaecho-Nishi, Matsudo, Chiba, 271-8587, Japan
| | - Shungo Ichiki
- Department of Radiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, 2-870-1 Sakaecho-Nishi, Matsudo, Chiba, 271-8587, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Komatsu
- Department of Radiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, 2-870-1 Sakaecho-Nishi, Matsudo, Chiba, 271-8587, Japan
| | - Takumi Kondo
- Department of Radiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, 2-870-1 Sakaecho-Nishi, Matsudo, Chiba, 271-8587, Japan
| | - Takashi Kaneda
- Department of Radiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, 2-870-1 Sakaecho-Nishi, Matsudo, Chiba, 271-8587, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Vo MT, Singh A, Meng T, Kaur J, Venn A, Cicuttini F, March L, Cross M, Dwyer T, Halliday A, Jones G, Ding C, Antony B. Prevalence and Clinical Significance of Residual or Reconverted Red Bone Marrow on Knee MRI. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11091531. [PMID: 34573874 PMCID: PMC8466981 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11091531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Residual/reconverted red bone marrow (RBM) in adult knees is occasionally observed on routine knee magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We aimed to identify its prevalence, distribution, and associations with lifestyle factors, knee structural abnormalities, and knee symptoms in young adults. Methods: Participants (n = 327; aged = 31–41 years) were selected from the Childhood Determinants of Adult Health (CDAH) knee study. They underwent T1-weighted and proton-density-weighted fat-suppressed MRI scans of knees. Residual/reconverted RBM in distal femur and proximal tibia were graded semi-quantitatively (grades: 0–3) based on the percentage area occupied. Knee structural abnormalities were graded semi-quantitatively using previously published MRI scoring systems. Knee symptoms (pain, stiffness, and dysfunction) were assessed using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) scale during CDAH knee study (year: 2008–2010) and at 6–9-year follow-up during the CDAH-3 study (year: 2014–2019). Associations between definite RBM (grade ≥ 2) and lifestyle factors, knee symptoms, and structural abnormalities were described using log-binomial regressions. Results: Definite RBM was seen in females only, in 29 out of 154 cases (18.8%), with femoral involvement preceding tibial involvement. Definite RBM was associated with increased BMI (PR = 1.09/kg/m2; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.16), overweight status (PR = 2.19; 95% CI: 1.07, 4.51), and WOMAC knee pain (PR = 1.75; 95% CI: 1.11, 2.74) in cross-section analysis. However, there was no association between RBM and knee-pain after seven years (PR = 1.15; 95% CI: 0.66, 2.00). There were no associations between RBM and knee structural abnormalities. Conclusion: Presence of definite RBM in young adult knees was observed in females only. Definite RBM was associated with overweight measures, and the modest association with knee pain may not be causally related.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minh Tu Vo
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 23, Hobart, TAS 7000, Australia; (M.T.V.); (A.S.); (T.M.); (J.K.); (A.V.); (T.D.); (G.J.); (C.D.)
| | - Ambrish Singh
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 23, Hobart, TAS 7000, Australia; (M.T.V.); (A.S.); (T.M.); (J.K.); (A.V.); (T.D.); (G.J.); (C.D.)
| | - Tao Meng
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 23, Hobart, TAS 7000, Australia; (M.T.V.); (A.S.); (T.M.); (J.K.); (A.V.); (T.D.); (G.J.); (C.D.)
| | - Jasveen Kaur
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 23, Hobart, TAS 7000, Australia; (M.T.V.); (A.S.); (T.M.); (J.K.); (A.V.); (T.D.); (G.J.); (C.D.)
| | - Alison Venn
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 23, Hobart, TAS 7000, Australia; (M.T.V.); (A.S.); (T.M.); (J.K.); (A.V.); (T.D.); (G.J.); (C.D.)
| | - Flavia Cicuttini
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia;
| | - Lyn March
- Institute of Bone and Joint Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2065, Australia; (L.M.); (M.C.)
| | - Marita Cross
- Institute of Bone and Joint Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2065, Australia; (L.M.); (M.C.)
| | - Terence Dwyer
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 23, Hobart, TAS 7000, Australia; (M.T.V.); (A.S.); (T.M.); (J.K.); (A.V.); (T.D.); (G.J.); (C.D.)
- The George Institute for Global Health, Nuffield Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Andrew Halliday
- Department of Radiology, Royal Hobart Hospital, Hobart, TAS 7000, Australia;
| | - Graeme Jones
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 23, Hobart, TAS 7000, Australia; (M.T.V.); (A.S.); (T.M.); (J.K.); (A.V.); (T.D.); (G.J.); (C.D.)
| | - Changhai Ding
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 23, Hobart, TAS 7000, Australia; (M.T.V.); (A.S.); (T.M.); (J.K.); (A.V.); (T.D.); (G.J.); (C.D.)
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia;
- Clinical Research Centre, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Benny Antony
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 23, Hobart, TAS 7000, Australia; (M.T.V.); (A.S.); (T.M.); (J.K.); (A.V.); (T.D.); (G.J.); (C.D.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Tratwal J, Rojas-Sutterlin S, Bataclan C, Blum S, Naveiras O. Bone marrow adiposity and the hematopoietic niche: A historical perspective of reciprocity, heterogeneity, and lineage commitment. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021; 35:101564. [PMID: 34417114 DOI: 10.1016/j.beem.2021.101564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Here we review the current knowledge on bone marrow adipocytes (BMAds) as active contributors to the regulation of the hematopoietic niche, and as potentially pivotal players in the progression of hematological malignancies. We highlight the hierarchical and functional heterogeneity of the adipocyte lineage within the bone marrow, and how potentially different contexts dictate their interactions with hematopoietic populations. RECENT FINDINGS Growing evidence associates the adipocyte lineage with important functions in hematopoietic regulation within the BM niche. Initially proposed to serve as negative regulators of the hematopoietic microenvironment, studies have also demonstrated that BMAds positively influence the survival and maintenance of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). These seemingly incongruous findings may at least be partially explained by stage-specificity across the adipocytic differentiation axis and by BMAds subtypes, suggesting that the heterogeneity of these populations allows for differential context-based interactions. One such distinction relies on the location of adipocytes. Constitutive bone marrow adipose tissue (cBMAT) historically associates to the "yellow" marrow containing so-called "stable" BMAs larger in size, less responsive to stimuli, and linked to HSC quiescence. On the other hand, regulated bone marrow adipose tissue (rBMAT)-associated adipocytes, also referred to as "labile" are smaller, more responsive to hematopoietic demand and strategically situated in hematopoietically active regions of the skeleton. Here we propose a model where the effect of distinct BM stromal cell populations (BMSC) in hematopoiesis is structured along the BMSC-BMAd differentiation axis, and where the effects on HSC maintenance versus hematopoietic proliferation are segregated. In doing so, it is possible to explain how recently identified, adipocyte-primed leptin receptor-expressing, CXCL12-high adventitial reticular cells (AdipoCARs) and marrow adipose lineage precursor cells (MALPs) best support active hematopoietic cell proliferation, while adipose progenitor cells (APCs) and maturing BMAd gradually lose the capacity to support active hematopoiesis, favoring HSC quiescence. Implicated soluble mediators include MCP-1, PAI-1, NRP1, possibly DPP4 and limiting availability of CXCL12 and SCF. How remodeling occurs within the BMSC-BMAd differentiation axis is yet to be elucidated and will likely unravel a three-way regulation of the hematopoietic, bone, and adipocytic compartments orchestrated by vascular elements. The interaction of malignant hematopoietic cells with BMAds is precisely contributing to unravel specific mechanisms of remodeling. SUMMARY BMAds are important operative components of the hematopoietic microenvironment. Their heterogeneity directs their ability to exert a range of regulatory capacities in a manner dependent on their hierarchical, spatial, and biological context. This complexity highlights the importance of (i) developing experimental tools and nomenclature adapted to address stage-specificity and heterogeneity across the BMSC-BMAd differentiation axis when reporting effects in hematopoiesis, (ii) interpreting gene reporter studies within this framework, and (iii) quantifying changes in all three compartments (hematopoiesis, adiposity and bone) when addressing interdependency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Josefine Tratwal
- Laboratory of Regenerative Hematopoiesis, Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) & Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Shanti Rojas-Sutterlin
- Laboratory of Regenerative Hematopoiesis, Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) & Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Charles Bataclan
- Laboratory of Regenerative Hematopoiesis, Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) & Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sabine Blum
- Hematology Service, Departments of Oncology and Laboratory Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Olaia Naveiras
- Laboratory of Regenerative Hematopoiesis, Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) & Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland; Hematology Service, Departments of Oncology and Laboratory Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Abstract
Among many degenerative abnormalities commonly found in spine imaging, not all are associated with the patient's symptoms. We aimed to assess features of the standard, asymptomatic aging process of the spine. In this narrative review, we emphasize studies that describe imaging features of the spine in asymptomatic populations of different age groups. Degeneration of the intervertebral discs, bulging, and facet joint arthropathy have been documented in almost 90% of asymptomatic patients over 60 years of age. After the age of 40 years, nearly all patients have anterior and lateral vertebral osteophytes, whereas posterior osteophytes are found in a minority of them. There is a gradual increase in vertebral bone marrow fat composition with age with the acceleration of this process in women after menopause. The prevalence of these findings is common in asymptomatic populations and varies depending on the patient's age. It is essential to differentiate likely natural and age-related findings from pathological abnormalities to make an accurate diagnosis.
Collapse
|
27
|
Piotrowska K, Tarnowski M. Bone Marrow Adipocytes-Role in Physiology and Various Nutritional Conditions in Human and Animal Models. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13051412. [PMID: 33922353 PMCID: PMC8146898 DOI: 10.3390/nu13051412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, adipose tissue has attracted a lot of attention. It is not only an energy reservoir but also plays important immune, paracrine and endocrine roles. BMAT (bone marrow adipose tissue) is a heterogeneous tissue, found mostly in the medullary canal of the long bones (tibia, femur and humerus), in the vertebrae and iliac crest. Adipogenesis in bone marrow cavities is a consequence of ageing or may accompany pathologies like diabetes mellitus type 1 (T1DM), T2DM, anorexia nervosa, oestrogen and growth hormone deficiencies or impaired haematopoiesis and osteoporosis. This paper focuses on studies concerning BMAT and its physiology in dietary interventions, like obesity in humans and high fat diet in rodent studies; and opposite: anorexia nervosa and calorie restriction in animal models.
Collapse
|
28
|
Ayubcha C, Raynor WY, Borja AJ, Seraj SM, Rojulpote C, Werner TJ, Revheim ME, Rajapakse CS, Alavi A. Magnetic resonance imaging-based partial volume-corrected 18F-sodium fluoride positron emission tomography in the femoral neck. Nucl Med Commun 2021; 42:416-420. [PMID: 33306627 DOI: 10.1097/mnm.0000000000001344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES 18F-sodium fluoride (NaF) is a radiotracer used in PET that reflects calcium metabolism and osteoblastic activity. In this study, we assessed the construct validity of a novel application of global assessment to measure NaF uptake in the femoral neck as a method of evaluating physiologic changes in osteoblastic metabolism with age. METHODS Whole-body NaF-PET/computed tomography (CT) images and MRI of 24 male patients with a history of nonmetastatic prostate cancer between the ages of 36 and 82 years (67.8 ± 9.6) were analyzed. A region of interest delineated the entire femoral neck on the PET/CT image to determine the mean standardized uptake value (SUVmean). Correction for the partial volume effect was performed by measuring the volume of inert yellow bone marrow by MRI segmentation. Multiple linear regression was used to assess the relationship of uptake with age and body weight. RESULTS The SUVmean with and without partial volume correction decreased with respect to age (P = 0.001 and P = 0.002, respectively). Body weight was not significantly related to any measured PET parameter. CONCLUSION Our results support the use of global NaF uptake with magnetic resonance-derived partial volume correction in the femoral neck. Because osteoblastic metabolism is known to decrease with normal aging, the observed decrease in NaF uptake constitutes evidence for convergent validity, indicating that the proposed methodology likely reflects systemic osteoblastic activity. Future studies of this methodology are warranted in other instances of varying osteoblastic activity such as in metabolic bone diseases and for the evaluation of therapy targeting osteoblastic metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cyrus Ayubcha
- Department of Radiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania
| | - William Y Raynor
- Department of Radiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania
- Department of Medicine, Drexel University College of Medicine
| | - Austin J Borja
- Department of Radiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Siavash M Seraj
- Department of Radiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania
| | | | - Thomas J Werner
- Department of Radiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania
| | - Mona-Elisabeth Revheim
- Department of Radiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania
- Division for Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Oslo University Hospital
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Chamith S Rajapakse
- Department of Radiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania
| | - Abass Alavi
- Department of Radiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Abstract
Although advanced quantitative imaging may not be currently used to any degree in the routine reporting of spinal examinations, this situation will change in the not too distant future. Advanced quantitative imaging has already allowed us to understand a great deal more regarding spinal development, marrow physiology, and disease pathogenesis. Radiologists are ideally suited to drive this research forward. To speed up this process and optimize the impact of studies reporting spine quantitative data, we should work toward universal standards on the acquisition of spine data that will allow quantitative studies to be more easily compared, contrasted, and amalgamated.
Collapse
|
30
|
Pace E, MacKinnon AD, deSouza NM. Variation of the apparent diffusion coefficient of skull bone marrow by age group, pubertal status, and gender in a pediatric population. Acta Radiol 2020; 61:1240-1248. [PMID: 31865751 DOI: 10.1177/0284185119894217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bone marrow composition varies with stage of development. PURPOSE To assess differences in apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) derived from clivus bone marrow in healthy children by age, pubertal status, and gender as a benchmark when monitoring local and systemic treatment-induced effects. MATERIAL AND METHODS Non-oncological pediatric patients (30 pre-pubertal [15 girls, 15 boys] and 30 post-pubertal [15 girls, 15 boys]) with previous normal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain including diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI; 1.5-T Philips Achieva-Ingenia, b-values 0 and 1000s/mm2) were studied. A 4-6 mm diameter region of interest (ROI), drawn within the clivus on two or three DW-MRI slices, yielded mean and centile ADC values. Pubertal status was recognized from imaging appearances of the pituitary gland and from fusion of the spheno-occipital synchondrosis. Correlations between ADC and age were assessed (Pearson's coefficient). Mann-Whitney U tests compared ADC by age, pubertal status, and gender. RESULTS Age and ADC were significantly negatively correlated (median ADC r=-0.48, mean ADC r=-0.42, P=0.0001 and 0.0008, respectively) which held true when divided by gender. Mean and median ADC differed significantly before and after puberty for the whole population (P=0.0001 and 0.0001, respectively). There was a left shift of the ADC histogram after puberty with significant differences in centile values. ADC differences before and after puberty remained when divided by gender (girls: P=0.04 and 0.009, respectively; boys: P=0.005 and 0.0002, respectively). CONCLUSION ADC of clivus bone marrow correlates with age in children. ADC decreases significantly after puberty, likely due to replacement of hypercellular marrow with fat. There are no gender-related differences in clivus bone-marrow ADC before or after puberty.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erika Pace
- CRUK Imaging Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, UK
- The Royal Marsden Hospital, Department of Radiology, Sutton, UK
| | - Andrew D MacKinnon
- The Royal Marsden Hospital, Department of Radiology, Sutton, UK
- Department of Neuroradiology, Atkinson Morley Regional Neuroscience Centre, St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Nandita M deSouza
- CRUK Imaging Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, UK
- The Royal Marsden Hospital, Department of Radiology, Sutton, UK
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Maroni P. Leptin, Adiponectin, and Sam68 in Bone Metastasis from Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21031051. [PMID: 32033341 PMCID: PMC7037668 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21031051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The most serious aspect of neoplastic disease is the spread of cancer cells to secondary sites. Skeletal metastases can escape detection long after treatment of the primary tumour and follow-up. Bone tissue is a breeding ground for many types of cancer cells, especially those derived from the breast, prostate, and lung. Despite advances in diagnosis and therapeutic strategies, bone metastases still have a profound impact on quality of life and survival and are often responsible for the fatal outcome of the disease. Bone and the bone marrow environment contain a wide variety of cells. No longer considered a passive filler, bone marrow adipocytes have emerged as critical contributors to cancer progression. Released by adipocytes, adipokines are soluble factors with hormone-like functions and are currently believed to affect tumour development. Src-associated in mitosis of 68 kDa (Sam68), originally discovered as a protein physically associated with and phosphorylated by c-Src during mitosis, is now recognised as an important RNA-binding protein linked to tumour onset and progression of disease. Sam68 also regulates splicing events and recent evidence reports that dysregulation of these events is a key step in neoplastic transformation and tumour progression. The present review reports recent findings on adipokines and Sam68 and their role in breast cancer progression and metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paola Maroni
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Via R. Galeazzi 4, 20161 Milano, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The age-related accumulation of bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT) negatively impacts bone metabolism and hematopoiesis. This review provides an overview about BMAT-secreted factors as biomarkers for BMAT accumulation and osteoporosis risk. RECENT FINDINGS The adipokines leptin and adiponectin are regulators of BMAT. It remains to be clarified if locally produced adipokines substantially contribute to their peripheral serum levels and if they influence bone metabolism beyond that of extraosseous adipokine production. Existing data also suggests that BMAT disturbs bone metabolism primarily through palmitate-mediated toxic effects on osteoblasts and osteocytes, including dysregulated autophagy and apoptosis. BMAT-secreted factors are important modulators of bone metabolism. However, the majority of our understanding about MAT-secreted factors and their paracrine and endocrine effects is derived from in vitro studies and animal experiments. Therefore, more research is needed before BMAT-secreted biomarkers can be applied in medical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Markus Herrmann
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15/1, 8036, Graz, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Komek H, Akdeniz N, Urakci Z, Can C, Altindag S. Prognostic Value of Lymph Node and Spleen Activity in [18F]FDG PET-CT in Lung Adenocarcinoma and Squamous Cell Carcinoma. DICLE MEDICAL JOURNAL 2019. [DOI: 10.5798/dicletip.534806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
34
|
Tousignant KD, Rockstroh A, Taherian Fard A, Lehman ML, Wang C, McPherson SJ, Philp LK, Bartonicek N, Dinger ME, Nelson CC, Sadowski MC. Lipid Uptake Is an Androgen-Enhanced Lipid Supply Pathway Associated with Prostate Cancer Disease Progression and Bone Metastasis. Mol Cancer Res 2019; 17:1166-1179. [PMID: 30808729 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-18-1147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
De novo lipogenesis is a well-described androgen receptor (AR)-regulated metabolic pathway that supports prostate cancer tumor growth by providing fuel, membrane material, and steroid hormone precursor. In contrast, our current understanding of lipid supply from uptake of exogenous lipids and its regulation by AR is limited, and exogenous lipids may play a much more significant role in prostate cancer and disease progression than previously thought. By applying advanced automated quantitative fluorescence microscopy, we provide the most comprehensive functional analysis of lipid uptake in cancer cells to date and demonstrate that treatment of AR-positive prostate cancer cell lines with androgens results in significantly increased cellular uptake of fatty acids, cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein particles. Consistent with a direct, regulatory role of AR in this process, androgen-enhanced lipid uptake can be blocked by the AR-antagonist enzalutamide, but is independent of proliferation and cell-cycle progression. This work for the first time comprehensively delineates the lipid transporter landscape in prostate cancer cell lines and patient samples by analysis of transcriptomics and proteomics data, including the plasma membrane proteome. We show that androgen exposure or deprivation regulates the expression of multiple lipid transporters in prostate cancer cell lines and tumor xenografts and that mRNA and protein expression of lipid transporters is enhanced in bone metastatic disease when compared with primary, localized prostate cancer. Our findings provide a strong rationale to investigate lipid uptake as a therapeutic cotarget in the fight against advanced prostate cancer in combination with inhibitors of lipogenesis to delay disease progression and metastasis. IMPLICATIONS: Prostate cancer exhibits metabolic plasticity in acquiring lipids from uptake and lipogenesis at different disease stages, indicating potential therapeutic benefit by cotargeting lipid supply.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaylyn D Tousignant
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre, Queensland, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Anja Rockstroh
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre, Queensland, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Atefeh Taherian Fard
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre, Queensland, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Melanie L Lehman
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre, Queensland, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Chenwei Wang
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre, Queensland, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Stephen J McPherson
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre, Queensland, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Lisa K Philp
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre, Queensland, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Nenad Bartonicek
- Kinghorn Centre for Clinical Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
- St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Marcel E Dinger
- Kinghorn Centre for Clinical Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
- St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Colleen C Nelson
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre, Queensland, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Martin C Sadowski
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre, Queensland, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Prognostic significance of bone marrow abnormalities in the appendicular skeleton of patients with multiple myeloma. Blood Adv 2019; 2:1032-1039. [PMID: 29739774 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2017014720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to determine the clinical and prognostic significance of medullary abnormalities detected by low-dose whole-body multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) in the appendicular skeleton (AS) of patients with newly diagnosed symptomatic multiple myeloma (MM). One hundred ninety-six patients underwent low-dose whole-body MDCT as an initial workup. Patients were categorized into 3 groups based on the medullary pattern of the AS: fatty (36.3%), focal (43.4%), and diffuse (20.4%). Medullary abnormalities were associated with Durie-Salmon and revised International Scoring System stage 3, creatinine levels >2.0 mg/dL, and the proportion of bone marrow plasma cells. The median follow-up was 35.4 months. Patients with fatty, focal, and diffuse patterns had a median survival of not reached, 56 months, and 38 months, respectively. Overall survival (OS) was associated with age, Durie-Salmon stage 3, creatinine levels >2.0 mg/dL, ineligibility for autologous stem cell transplantation, and focal and diffuse patterns on univariate analysis. Multivariate analysis showed that age and diffuse pattern (hazard ratio [HR], 1.92; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.12-3.31; P = .018) were independent predictors of progression-free survival. Age and focal (HR, 2.51; 95% CI, 1.14-5.56; P = .023) and diffuse (HR, 4.12; 95% CI, 1.74-9.77; P = .001) patterns were also independent predictors of OS. The addition of marrow pattern to preexisting risk factors was associated with a net reclassification improvement for predicting OS (to 0.37, P = .015). Medullary abnormalities in the AS (detected by low-dose whole-body MDCT) are associated with a poor prognosis, independent of other clinical variables.
Collapse
|
36
|
Raynor WY, Al-Zaghal A, Zadeh MZ, Seraj SM, Alavi A. Metastatic Seeding Attacks Bone Marrow, Not Bone: Rectifying Ongoing Misconceptions. PET Clin 2019; 14:135-144. [PMID: 30420215 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpet.2018.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Conventional modalities, such as bone scintigraphy, are commonly used to assess osseous abnormalities in skeletal metastasis. Fluorine-18 (18F)-sodium fluoride (NaF) PET similarly portrays osteoblastic activity but with improved spatial and contrast resolution and more accurate anatomic localization. However, these modalities rely on indirect evidence for tumor activity. PET imaging with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) and tumor-specific tracers may have an increased role by directly portraying the metabolic activity of cancer cells, which are often seeded in bone marrow and cause osseous disease after initial latency. This article describes the utility and limitations of these modalities in assessing skeletal metastases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William Y Raynor
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Radiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, 230 N Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA
| | - Abdullah Al-Zaghal
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Mahdi Zirakchian Zadeh
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3401 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Siavash Mehdizadeh Seraj
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Abass Alavi
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Bosma SE, Vriens D, Gelderblom H, van de Sande MAJ, Dijkstra PDS, Bloem JL. 18F-FDG PET-CT versus MRI for detection of skeletal metastasis in Ewing sarcoma. Skeletal Radiol 2019; 48:1735-1746. [PMID: 31016339 PMCID: PMC6776481 DOI: 10.1007/s00256-019-03192-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the level of discrepancy between magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and 18F-FDG PET-CT in detecting osseous metastases in patients with Ewing sarcoma. METHODS Twenty patients with histopathologically confirmed Ewing sarcoma between 2000 and 2017 who underwent 18F-FDG PET-CT and MRI within a 4-week range were included. Each imaging modality was evaluated by a separate observer. Reference diagnosis of each lesion was based on histopathology or consensus of an expert panel using all available data, including at least 6 months' follow-up. Sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values were determined. Osseous lesions were analyzed on a patient and a lesion basis. Factors possibly related to false-negative findings were evaluated using Pearson's Chi-squared or Fisher's exact test. RESULTS A total of 112 osseous lesions were diagnosed in 13 patients, 107 malignant and 5 benign. Seven patients showed no metastases on either 18F-FDG PET-CT or MRI. Forty-one skeletal metastases (39%) detected with MRI did not show increased 18F-FDG uptake on 18F-FDG PET-CT (false-negative). Lesion-based sensitivities and specificities were 62% (95%CI 52-71%) and 100% (48-100%) for 18F-FDG PET-CT; and 99% (97-100%) and 100% (48-100%) for MRI respectively. Bone lesions were more likely to be false-negative on 18F-FDG PET-CT if hematopoietic bone marrow extension was widespread and active (p = 0.001), during or after (neo)-adjuvant treatment (p = 0.001) or when the lesion was smaller than 10 mm (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Although no definite conclusions can be drawn from this small retrospective study, it shows that caution is needed when using 18F-FDG PET-CT for diagnosing skeletal metastases in Ewing sarcoma. Poor contrast between metastases and active hematopoietic bone marrow, chemotherapeutic treatment, and/or small size significantly decrease the diagnostic yield of 18F-FDG PET-CT, but not of MRI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S. E. Bosma
- Department of Orthopedics, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - D. Vriens
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - H. Gelderblom
- Department of Medical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - M. A. J. van de Sande
- Department of Orthopedics, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - P. D. S. Dijkstra
- Department of Orthopedics, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - J. L. Bloem
- Department of Medical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Li Y, Meng Y, Yu X. The Unique Metabolic Characteristics of Bone Marrow Adipose Tissue. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:69. [PMID: 30800100 PMCID: PMC6375842 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow adipose tissue (MAT) is distinct from white adipose tissue (WAT) or brown adipose tissue (BAT) for its location, feature and function. As a largely ignored adipose depot, it is situated in bone marrow space and resided with bone tissue side-by-side. MAT is considered not only as a regulator of bone metabolism through paracrine, but also as a functionally particular adipose tissue that may contribute to global metabolism. Adipokines, inflammatory factors and other molecules derived from bone marrow adipocytes may exert systematic effects. In this review, we summary the evidence from several aspects including development, distribution, histological features and phenotype to elaborate the basic characteristics of MAT. We discuss the association between bone metabolism and MAT, and highlight our current understanding of this special adipose tissue. We further demonstrate the probable relationship between MAT and energy metabolism, as well as glucose metabolism. On the basis of preliminary results from animal model and clinical studies, we propose that MAT has its unique secretory and metabolic function, although there is no in-depth study at present.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yujue Li
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Meng
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xijie Yu
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Xijie Yu ;
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Whole-body low-dose CT recognizes two distinct patterns of lytic lesions in multiple myeloma patients with different disease metabolism at PET/MRI. Ann Hematol 2018; 98:679-689. [PMID: 30539276 PMCID: PMC6373185 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-018-3555-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated differences in density and 18F-FDG PET/MRI features of lytic bone lesions (LBLs) identified by whole-body low-dose CT (WB-LDCT) in patients affected by newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM). In 18 MM patients, 135 unequivocal LBLs identified by WB-LDCT were characterized for inner density (negative or positive Hounsfield unit (HU)), where negative density (HU < 0) characterizes normal yellow marrow whereas positive HU correlates with tissue-like infiltrative pattern. The same LBLs were analyzed by 18F-FDG PET/DWI-MRI, registering DWI signal with ADC and SUV max values. According to HU, 35 lesions had a negative density (− 56.94 ± 31.87 HU) while 100 lesions presented positive density (44.87 ± 23.89 HU). In seven patients, only positive HU LBLs were demonstrated whereas in eight patients, both positive and negative HU LBLs were detected. Intriguingly, in three patients (16%), only negative HU LBLs were shown. At 18F-FDG PET/DWI-MRI analysis, negative HU LBLs presented low ADC values (360.69 ± 154.38 × 10−6 mm2/s) and low SUV max values (1.69 ± 0.56), consistent with fatty marrow, whereas positive HU LBLs showed an infiltrative pattern, characterized by higher ADC (mean 868.46 ± 207.67 × 10−6 mm2/s) and SUV max (mean 5.04 ± 1.94) values. Surprisingly, histology of negative HU LBLs documented infiltration by neoplastic plasma cells scattered among adipocytes. In conclusion, two different patterns of LBLs were detected by WB-LDCT in MM patients. Both types of lesions were indicative for active disease, although only positive HU LBL were captured by 18F-FDG PET/DWI-MRI imaging, indicating that WB-LDCT adds specific information.
Collapse
|
40
|
Shen G, Liang M, Su M, Kuang A. Physiological uptake of 18F-FDG in the vertebral bone marrow in healthy adults on PET/CT imaging. Acta Radiol 2018; 59:1487-1493. [PMID: 29486597 DOI: 10.1177/0284185118762245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose *Equal contributors. positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) has proven to be a valuable imaging modality for the assessment of bone marrow condition. PURPOSE To investigate the physiological uptake of 18F-FDG in the vertebral bone marrow in healthy adults on PET/CT imaging, and correlate the appearance with clinical factors including gender, body mass index, and age. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 64 healthy individuals underwent PET/CT scan, and for each vertebral body, the mean and maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmean and SUVmax) were determined in the central slice of vertebral body on the transversal fused PET/CT image. For each individual, the FDG uptake of the four regions was obtained by averaging the SUVmean and SUVmax of the vertebrae in individual regions. RESULTS The FDG uptake from thoracic to sacral vertebrae showed an upward trend first, then a downward trend, while that of cervical vertebrae was relatively stable. The SUVmax and SUVmean values of bone marrow in the old group (age ≥ 50 years) were significantly lower than those in the young group (age < 50 years) in all regions of the spine ( P < 0.05). FDG uptake of the whole spine showed significant negative correlation with age, and the strongest correlation was observed in lumbar spine (SUVmean: r = -0.364, P < 0.05; SUVmax: r = -0.344, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION FDG uptake showed a tendency to increase first then decrease from thoracic to sacral vertebrae while the tendency was not obvious in cervical vertebrae. In addition, the glycolytic metabolism of all the four regions decreased with advancing age.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guohua Shen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Meng Liang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Minggang Su
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Anren Kuang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Fornetti J, Welm AL, Stewart SA. Understanding the Bone in Cancer Metastasis. J Bone Miner Res 2018; 33:2099-2113. [PMID: 30476357 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.3618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 248] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The bone is the third most common site of metastasis for a wide range of solid tumors including lung, breast, prostate, colorectal, thyroid, gynecologic, and melanoma, with 70% of metastatic prostate and breast cancer patients harboring bone metastasis.1 Unfortunately, once cancer spreads to the bone, it is rarely cured and is associated with a wide range of morbidities including pain, increased risk of fracture, and hypercalcemia. This fact has driven experts in the fields of bone and cancer biology to study the bone, and has revealed that there is a great deal that each can teach the other. The complexity of the bone was first described in 1889 when Stephen Paget proposed that tumor cells have a proclivity for certain organs, where they "seed" into a friendly "soil" and eventually grow into metastatic lesions. Dr. Paget went on to argue that although many study the "seed" it would be paramount to understand the "soil." Since this original work, significant advances have been made not only in understanding the cell-autonomous mechanisms that drive metastasis, but also alterations which drive changes to the "soil" that allow a tumor cell to thrive. Indeed, it is now clear that the "soil" in different metastatic sites is unique, and thus the mechanisms that allow tumor cells to remain in a dormant or growing state are specific to the organ in question. In the bone, our knowledge of the components that contribute to this fertile "soil" continues to expand, but our understanding of how they impact tumor growth in the bone remains in its infancy. Indeed, we now appreciate that the endosteal niche likely contributes to tumor cell dormancy, and that osteoclasts, osteocytes, and adipocytes can impact tumor cell growth. Here, we discuss the bone microenvironment and how it impacts cancer cell seeding, dormancy, and growth. © 2018 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Fornetti
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Alana L Welm
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Sheila A Stewart
- Departments of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Integrating Communication within the Cancer Environment (ICCE) Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Brynjolfsson SF, Persson Berg L, Olsen Ekerhult T, Rimkute I, Wick MJ, Mårtensson IL, Grimsholm O. Long-Lived Plasma Cells in Mice and Men. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2673. [PMID: 30505309 PMCID: PMC6250827 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Even though more than 30 years have passed since the eradication of smallpox, high titers of smallpox-specific antibodies are still detected in the blood of subjects vaccinated in childhood. In fact, smallpox-specific antibody levels are maintained in serum for more than 70 years. The generation of life-long immunity against infectious diseases such as smallpox and measles has been thoroughly documented. Although the mechanisms behind high persisting antibody titers in the absence of the causative agent are still unclear, long lived plasma cells (LLPCs) play an important role. Most of the current knowledge on LLPCs is based on experiments performed in mouse models, although the amount of data derived from human studies is increasing. As the results from mouse models are often directly extrapolated to humans, it is important to keep in mind that there are differences. These are not only the obvious such as the life span but there are also anatomical differences, for instance the adiposity of the bone marrow (BM) where LLPCs reside. Whether these differences have an effect on the function of the immune system, and in particular on LLPCs, are still unknown. In this review, we will briefly discuss current knowledge of LLPCs, comparing mice and humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siggeir F Brynjolfsson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Linn Persson Berg
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Teresa Olsen Ekerhult
- Department of Urology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Inga Rimkute
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Mary-Jo Wick
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Inga-Lill Mårtensson
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ola Grimsholm
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,B Cell Physiopathology Unit, Immunology Research Area, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Raglus TI, De Groef B, Rochfort S, Rawlin G, McCowan C. Bone marrow fat analysis as a diagnostic tool to document ante-mortem starvation. Vet J 2018; 243:1-7. [PMID: 30606433 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2018.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 08/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Veterinary diagnostic clinicians are increasingly presented with emaciated animals involved in suspected neglect cases. A rise in public awareness and media attention towards animal welfare, combined with changes in legislation and a demand for a higher standard of evidence be presented in animal neglect cases submitted for prosecutions, have created a need for an objective measurement of starvation, particularly given the lack of quantitative assessments at post-mortem examinations. Bone marrow fat (BMF) is the final fat reserve to be mobilised for energy by a calorie-deprived animal during a state of emaciation. Percentage of BMF has been used to study starvation in several species and may provide an objective measure of ante-mortem body condition. This paper reviews the literature on the use of BMF analysis as a post-mortem diagnostic test for ante-mortem starvation. Beginning with a general overview of starvation and usual methods of assessment to describe animals in poor condition, the analysis of BMF is then introduced. Various methods of BMF analysis are discussed, as well as factors that influence the amount of BMF. This review also discusses the limitations of BMF analysis and makes suggestions where future research should be primarily focused.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Troy I Raglus
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Bert De Groef
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia.
| | - Simone Rochfort
- School of Applied Systems Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia; Department of Economic Development, Jobs, Transport and Resources, AgriBio, Agriculture Victoria, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia
| | - Grant Rawlin
- Department of Economic Development, Jobs, Transport and Resources, AgriBio, Agriculture Victoria, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia; Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Christina McCowan
- Department of Economic Development, Jobs, Transport and Resources, AgriBio, Agriculture Victoria, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Franco P, Arcadipane F, Ragona R, Lesca A, Gallio E, Mistrangelo M, Trino E, Cassoni P, Arena V, Baccega M, Racca P, Faletti R, Rondi N, Morino M, Ricardi U. Dose to Pelvic Bone Marrow Defined with FDG-PET Predicts for Hematologic Nadirs in Anal Cancer Patients Treated with Concurrent Chemo-radiation. Cancer Invest 2018; 36:279-288. [PMID: 29953269 DOI: 10.1080/07357907.2018.1479413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate whether irradiated volume of pelvic active bone marrow (ACTBM) may predict decreased blood cells nadirs in anal cancer patients undergoing concurrent chemo-radiation. METHODS Forty-four patients were analyzed and pelvic active bone marrow (ACTBM) was characterized employing 18FDG-PET. Dosimetric parameters on dose-volume histograms were correlated to nadirs with generalized linear modeling. RESULTS ACTBM mean dose was significantly correlated to white blood cell (β = -1.338; 95%CI: -2.455/-0.221; p = 0.020), absolute neutrophil count (β = -1.651; 95%CI: -3.284/-0.183; p = 0.048), and platelets (β = -0.031; 95%CI: -0.057/-0.004; p = 0.024) nadirs. Other dosimetric parameters were found to be correlated (ACTBM-V10,-V20,-V30and-V40). CONCLUSIONS 18FDG-PET is able to define active bone marrow and may predict for decreased blood cells count nadirs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pierfrancesco Franco
- a Department of Oncology - Radiation Oncology , University of Turin , Turin , Italy
| | - Francesca Arcadipane
- a Department of Oncology - Radiation Oncology , University of Turin , Turin , Italy
| | - Riccardo Ragona
- a Department of Oncology - Radiation Oncology , University of Turin , Turin , Italy
| | - Adriana Lesca
- b Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Radiology , AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza , Turin , Italy
| | - Elena Gallio
- c Medical Physics Unit, Department of Radiology , AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza , Turin , Italy
| | | | - Elisabetta Trino
- a Department of Oncology - Radiation Oncology , University of Turin , Turin , Italy
| | - Paola Cassoni
- e Department of Medical Sciences, Pathology Unit , University of Torino , Turin , Italy
| | - Vincenzo Arena
- f Department of Nuclear Medicine , Center for Diagnostic Imaging (IRMET) , Turin , Italy
| | - Massimo Baccega
- b Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Radiology , AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza , Turin , Italy
| | - Patrizia Racca
- g Department of Medical Oncology , Oncological Centre for Gastrointestinal Neoplasms , Turin , Italy
| | - Riccardo Faletti
- h Radiology Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences , University of Turin , Turin , Italy
| | - Nadia Rondi
- i Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology , AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza , Turin , Italy
| | - Mario Morino
- d Department of Surgical Sciences , University of Turin , Turin , Italy
| | - Umberto Ricardi
- a Department of Oncology - Radiation Oncology , University of Turin , Turin , Italy
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Høilund-Carlsen PF, Hess S, Werner TJ, Alavi A. Cancer metastasizes to the bone marrow and not to the bone: time for a paradigm shift! Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2018; 45:893-897. [PMID: 29468310 PMCID: PMC5915506 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-018-3959-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Poul Flemming Høilund-Carlsen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.
- Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
| | - Søren Hess
- Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Hospital of Southwest Jutland, Esbjerg, Denmark
| | - Thomas J Werner
- Department of Radiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Abass Alavi
- Department of Radiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Li Z, Hardij J, Bagchi DP, Scheller EL, MacDougald OA. Development, regulation, metabolism and function of bone marrow adipose tissues. Bone 2018; 110:134-140. [PMID: 29343445 PMCID: PMC6277028 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2018.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Most adipocytes exist in discrete depots throughout the body, notably in well-defined white and brown adipose tissues. However, adipocytes also reside within specialized niches, of which the most abundant is within bone marrow. Whereas bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT) shares many properties in common with white adipose tissue, the distinct functions of BMAT are reflected by its development, regulation, protein secretion, and lipid composition. In addition to its potential role as a local energy reservoir, BMAT also secretes proteins, including adiponectin, RANK ligand, dipeptidyl peptidase-4, and stem cell factor, which contribute to local marrow niche functions and which may also influence global metabolism. The characteristics of BMAT are also distinct depending on whether marrow adipocytes are contained within yellow or red marrow, as these can be thought of as 'constitutive' and 'regulated', respectively. The rBMAT for instance can be expanded or depleted by myriad factors, including age, nutrition, endocrine status and pharmaceuticals. Herein we review the site specificity, age-related development, regulation and metabolic characteristics of BMAT under various metabolic conditions, including the functional interactions with bone and hematopoietic cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziru Li
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Julie Hardij
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Devika P Bagchi
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Erica L Scheller
- Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University, Saint Louis, MO, United States
| | - Ormond A MacDougald
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Suchacki KJ, Cawthorn WP. Molecular Interaction of Bone Marrow Adipose Tissue with Energy Metabolism. CURRENT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REPORTS 2018; 4:41-49. [PMID: 29888168 PMCID: PMC5976678 DOI: 10.1007/s40610-018-0096-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The last decade has seen a resurgence in the study of bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT) across diverse fields such as metabolism, haematopoiesis, skeletal biology and cancer. Herein, we review the most recent developments of BMAT research in both humans and rodents, including the distinct nature of BMAT; the autocrine, paracrine and endocrine interactions between BMAT and various tissues, both in physiological and pathological scenarios; how these interactions might impact energy metabolism; and the most recent technological advances to quantify BMAT. RECENT FINDINGS Though still dwarfed by research into white and brown adipose tissues, BMAT is now recognised as endocrine organ and is attracting increasing attention from biomedical researchers around the globe. SUMMARY We are beginning to learn the importance of BMAT both within and beyond the bone, allowing us to better appreciate the role of BMAT in normal physiology and disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karla J. Suchacki
- University/British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ UK
| | - William P. Cawthorn
- University/British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ UK
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
|
49
|
Automatic digital quantification of bone marrow myeloma volume in appendicular skeletons - clinical implications and prognostic significance. Sci Rep 2017; 7:12885. [PMID: 29018236 PMCID: PMC5635114 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-13255-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a clonal plasma cell disorder originating in bone marrow. Whole body low-dose multidetector CT (MDCT) can depict bone marrow infiltration by myeloma cells into the adipose-rich fatty marrow of the appendicular skeleton. However, automated and objective volume measurement of bone marrow infiltration has not been established, and its clinical relevance remains unclear. We therefore developed novel CT post-processing software (MABLE software) and measured the total sum of CT values (cumulative CT value, cCTv) representing bone marrow infiltration, by combining volume and voxel-based CT values. The cCTv was greater in patients with symptomatic MM than in those with smouldering MM or monoclonal gammopathy of unknown significance. Patients with revised International Staging System (R-ISS) III had a higher cCTv than those with R-ISS I or II. Age, albumin, and M-protein levels independently predicted cCTv. Mixed graphical model analysis revealed direct relationships between cCTv and age or R-ISS. Tree-structured survival analysis and multivariate Cox analysis revealed that a cCTv greater than or equal to 4.4 was independently prognostic for overall survival. Anti-myeloma therapy reduced cCTv after treatment. These findings suggest that the automatically calculated cCTv reflects disease aggressiveness and is useful for accurate prognostic prediction in MM patients.
Collapse
|
50
|
Burgert JM, Martinez A, O'Sullivan M, Blouin D, Long A, Johnson AD. Sternal Route More Effective than Tibial Route for Intraosseous Amiodarone Administration in a Swine Model of Ventricular Fibrillation. PREHOSP EMERG CARE 2017; 22:266-275. [PMID: 28910187 DOI: 10.1080/10903127.2017.1358782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The pharmacokinetics of IO administered lipid soluble amiodarone during ventricular fibrillation (VF) with ongoing CPR are unknown. This study measured mean plasma concentration over 5 minutes, maximum plasma concentration (Cmax), and time to maximum concentration (Tmax) of amiodarone administered by the sternal IO (SIO), tibial IO (TIO), and IV routes in a swine model of VF with ongoing CPR. METHODS Twenty-one Yorkshire-cross swine were randomly assigned to three groups: SIO, TIO, and IV. Ventricular fibrillation was induced under general anesthesia. After 4 minutes in VF, 300 mg amiodarone was administered as indicated by group assignment. Serial blood specimens collected at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 240, and 300 seconds were analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. RESULTS The mean plasma concentration of IV amiodarone over 5 minutes was significantly higher than the TIO group at 60 seconds (P = 0.02) and 90 seconds (P = 0.017) post-injection. No significant differences in Cmax between the groups were found (P <0.05). The Tmax of amiodarone was significantly shorter in the SIO (99 secs) and IV (86 secs) groups compared to the TIO group (215 secs); P = 0.002 and P = 0.002, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The SIO and IV routes of amiodarone administration were comparable. The TIO group took nearly three times longer to reach Tmax than the SIO and IV groups, likely indicating depot of lipid-soluble amiodarone in adipose-rich tibial yellow bone marrow. The SIO route was more effective than the TIO route for amiodarone delivery in a swine model of VF with ongoing CPR. Further investigations are necessary to determine if the kinetic differences found between the SIO and TIO routes in this study affect survival of VF in humans.
Collapse
|