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Abohassan M, Khaleel AQ, Pallathadka H, Kumar A, Allela OQB, Hjazi A, Pramanik A, Mustafa YF, Hamzah HF, Mohammed BA. Circular RNA as a Biomarker for Diagnosis, Prognosis and Therapeutic Target in Acute and Chronic Lymphoid Leukemia. Cell Biochem Biophys 2024; 82:1979-1991. [PMID: 39136839 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-024-01404-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 10/02/2024]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are single-stranded RNAs that have received much attention in recent years. CircRNAs lack a 5' head and a 3' poly-A tail. The structure of this type of RNAs make them resistant to digestion by exonucleases. CircRNAs are expressed in different cells and have various functions. The function of circRNAs is done by sponging miRNAs, changing gene expression, and protein production. The expression of circRNAs changes in different types of cancers, which causes changes in cell growth, proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Changes in the expression of circRNAs can cause the invasion and progression of tumors. Studies have shown that changes in the expression of circRNAs can be seen in acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL) and chronic lymphoid leukemia (CLL). The conducted studies aim to identify circRNAs whose expression has changed in these leukemias and their more precise function so that these circRNAs can be identified as biomarkers, prediction of patient prognosis, and treatment targets for ALL and CLL patients. In this study, we review the studies conducted on the role and function of circRNAs in ALL and CLL patients. The results of the studies show that there is a possibility of using circRNAs as biomarkers in the identification and treatment of patients in the future.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- RNA, Circular/genetics
- RNA, Circular/metabolism
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/diagnosis
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/genetics
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/metabolism
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/drug therapy
- Prognosis
- Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/diagnosis
- Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/genetics
- Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/metabolism
- Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/therapy
- RNA/metabolism
- RNA/genetics
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- MicroRNAs/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Abohassan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman Qais Khaleel
- Department of Medical Instruments Engineering, Al-Maarif University College, Al Anbar, 31001, Iraq.
| | | | - Ashwani Kumar
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Sciences, Jain (Deemed-to-be) University, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560069, India
- Department of Pharmacy, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303012, India
| | | | - Ahmed Hjazi
- Department of Medical Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Atreyi Pramanik
- School of Applied and Life Sciences, Ivison of Research and Innovation Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
| | - Yasser Fakri Mustafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul, 41001, Iraq
| | - Hamza Fadhel Hamzah
- Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, AL-Nisour University College, Baghdad, Iraq
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Heinz AT, Grumaz S, Slavetinsky C, Döring M, Queudeville M, Handgretinger R, Ebinger M. No evidence on infectious DNA-based agents in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia using whole metagenome shotgun sequencing. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1355787. [PMID: 38975323 PMCID: PMC11224432 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1355787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The etiology of pediatric acute lymphatic leukemia (ALL) is still unclear. Whole-metagenome shotgun sequencing of bone marrow samples in patients with treatment-naïve ALL (n=6) was performed for untargeted investigation of bacterial and viral DNA. The control group consisted of healthy children (n=4) and children with non-oncologic diseases (n=2) undergoing bone marrow sampling. Peripheral blood of all participants was investigated at the same time. After bioinformatical elimination of potential contaminants by comparison with the employed controls, no significant amounts of microbial or viral DNA were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amadeus T. Heinz
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children´s Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- Stuttgart Cancer Center, Zentrum für Kinder-, Jugend- und Frauenmedizin (Olgahospital), Pädiatrie 5 (Pädiatrische Onkologie, Hämatologie, Immunologie), Klinikum der Landeshauptstadt Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | | | - Christoph Slavetinsky
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Urology, University Children´s Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Michaela Döring
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children´s Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Manon Queudeville
- Department for Stem Cell Transplantation and Immunology, Klinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Martin Ebinger
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children´s Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
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Pourhassan H, Kareem W, Agrawal V, Aldoss I. Important Considerations in the Intensive Care Management of Acute Leukemias. J Intensive Care Med 2024; 39:291-305. [PMID: 37990559 DOI: 10.1177/08850666231193955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
In the realm of hematologic disorders, acute leukemia is approached as an emergent disease given the multitude of complications and challenges that present both as a result of inherent disease pathology and adverse events associated with antineoplastic therapies and interventions. The heavy burden of leukemic cells may lead to complications including tumor lysis syndrome, hyperleukocytosis, leukostasis, and differentiation syndrome, and the initiation of treatment can further exacerbate these effects. Capillary leak syndrome is observed as a result of antineoplastic agents used in acute leukemia, and L-asparaginase, a bacterial-derived enzyme, has a unique side effect profile including association with thrombosis. Thrombohemorrhagic syndrome and malignancy-associated thrombosis are also commonly observed complications due to direct disequilibrium in coagulant and anticoagulant factors. Due to inherent effects on the white blood cell milieu, leukemia patients are inherently immunocompromised and vulnerable to life-threatening sepsis. Lastly, the advents of newer therapies such as chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells have clinicians facing the management of related toxicities on unfamiliar territory. This review aims to discuss these acute leukemia-associated complications, their pathology, and management recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoda Pourhassan
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Waasil Kareem
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Vaibhav Agrawal
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Ibrahim Aldoss
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
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Nasir MU, Khan MF, Khan MA, Zubair M, Abbas S, Alharbi M, Akhtaruzzaman M. Hematologic Cancer Detection Using White Blood Cancerous Cells Empowered with Transfer Learning and Image Processing. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE ENGINEERING 2023; 2023:1406545. [PMID: 37284488 PMCID: PMC10241593 DOI: 10.1155/2023/1406545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Lymphoma and leukemia are fatal syndromes of cancer that cause other diseases and affect all types of age groups including male and female, and disastrous and fatal blood cancer causes an increased savvier death ratio. Both lymphoma and leukemia are associated with the damage and rise of immature lymphocytes, monocytes, neutrophils, and eosinophil cells. So, in the health sector, the early prediction and treatment of blood cancer is a major issue for survival rates. Nowadays, there are various manual techniques to analyze and predict blood cancer using the microscopic medical reports of white blood cell images, which is very steady for prediction and causes a major ratio of deaths. Manual prediction and analysis of eosinophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, and neutrophils are very difficult and time-consuming. In previous studies, they used numerous deep learning and machine learning techniques to predict blood cancer, but there are still some limitations in these studies. So, in this article, we propose a model of deep learning empowered with transfer learning and indulge in image processing techniques to improve the prediction results. The proposed transfer learning model empowered with image processing incorporates different levels of prediction, analysis, and learning procedures and employs different learning criteria like learning rate and epochs. The proposed model used numerous transfer learning models with varying parameters for each model and cloud techniques to choose the best prediction model, and the proposed model used an extensive set of performance techniques and procedures to predict the white blood cells which cause cancer to incorporate image processing techniques. So, after extensive procedures of AlexNet, MobileNet, and ResNet with both image processing and without image processing techniques with numerous learning criteria, the stochastic gradient descent momentum incorporated with AlexNet is outperformed with the highest prediction accuracy of 97.3% and the misclassification rate is 2.7% with image processing technique. The proposed model gives good results and can be applied for smart diagnosing of blood cancer using eosinophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, and neutrophils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Umar Nasir
- Department of Computer Science, Bahria University, Lahore Campus, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Farhan Khan
- Department of Forensic Sciences, University of Health Sciences, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Adnan Khan
- Riphah School of Computing and Innovation, Faculty of Computing, Riphah International University, Lahore Campus, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
- School of Information Technology, Skyline University College, University City Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
| | - Muhammad Zubair
- Faculty of Computing, Riphah International University, Islamabad 45000, Pakistan
| | - Sagheer Abbas
- School of Computer Science, National College of Business Administration & Economics, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Meshal Alharbi
- Department of Computer Science, College of Computer Engineering and Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharjb 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md Akhtaruzzaman
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Aisan University of Bangladesh, Ashulia, Dhaka-1230, Bangladesh
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Geris JM, Schleiss MR, Hooten AJ, Langer E, Hernandez-Alvarado N, Roesler MA, Sample J, Williams LA, Dickens DS, Mody RJ, Ravindranath Y, Gowans KL, Pridgeon MG, Spector LG, Nelson HH. Evaluation of the Association Between Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection and Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. JAMA Netw Open 2023; 6:e2250219. [PMID: 36622672 PMCID: PMC9856744 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.50219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common form of pediatric cancer, and a leading cause of death in children. Understanding the causes of pediatric ALL is necessary to enable early detection and prevention; congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) has recently been identified as a potential moderate-to-strong factor associated with risk for ALL. OBJECTIVE To compare the prevalence of cCMV infection between ALL cases and matched controls. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS In this population-based case-control study of ALL cases and matched controls, cases consisted of children aged 0 to 14 years between 1987 and 2014 with an ALL diagnosis identified through the Michigan Cancer Surveillance Program and born in Michigan on or after October 1, 1987. Cancer-free controls were identified by the Michigan BioTrust for Health and matched on age, sex, and mother's race and ethnicity. Data were analyzed from November to May 2022. EXPOSURES cCMV infection measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction in newborn dried blood spots. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES ALL diagnosed in children aged 0 to 14 years. RESULTS A total of 1189 ALL cases and 4756 matched controls were included in the study. Bloodspots were collected from participants at birth, and 3425 (57.6%) participants were male. cCMV was detected in 6 ALL cases (0.5%) and 21 controls (0.4%). There was no difference in the odds of cCMV infection comparing ALL cases with controls (odds ratio, 1.30; 95% CI, 0.52-3.24). Immunophenotype was available for 536 cases (45.1%) and cytogenetic data for 127 (27%). When stratified by subtype characteristics, hyperdiploid ALL (74 cases) was associated with 6.26 times greater odds of cCMV infection compared with unmatched controls (95% CI, 1.44-27.19). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this case-control study of cCMV and pediatric ALL, cCMV was associated with increased risk of hyperdiploid ALL. These findings encourage continued research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer M. Geris
- Division of Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
- Institute for Molecular Virology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
| | - Mark R. Schleiss
- Institute for Molecular Virology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
| | | | - Erica Langer
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
| | - Nelmary Hernandez-Alvarado
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
| | - Michelle A. Roesler
- Division of Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
| | - Jeannette Sample
- Division of Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
| | - Lindsay A. Williams
- Division of Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
| | - David S. Dickens
- Division of Hematology/Oncology/Bone Marrow Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Iowa City
| | - Rajen J. Mody
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor
| | - Yaddanapudi Ravindranath
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, and Children’s Hospital of Michigan, Detroit
| | - Kate L. Gowans
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Beaumont Health, Royal Oak, Michigan
| | - Matthew G. Pridgeon
- Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, Michigan
- Helen DeVos Children’s Hospital, Spectrum Health System, Grand Rapids, Michigan
| | - Logan G. Spector
- Division of Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
| | - Heather H. Nelson
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis
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Asparaginase: How to Better Manage Toxicities in Adults. Curr Oncol Rep 2023; 25:51-61. [PMID: 36449117 DOI: 10.1007/s11912-022-01345-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review aims to help oncologists who predominantly treat adults better understand and manage asparaginase associated toxicities and prevent unnecessary discontinuation or reluctance of its use. RECENT FINDINGS Given the data supporting the benefit of incorporating multiple doses of asparaginase in pediatric type regimens, it is prudent to promote deeper understanding of this drug, particularly its toxicities, and its use so as to optimize treatment of ALL. Although asparaginase is associated with a variety of toxicities, the vast majority are not life threatening and do not preclude repeat dosing of this important drug. Understanding the pharmacology and toxicity profile of asparaginase is critical to dosing asparaginase appropriately in order to minimize these toxicities.
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Abdel-azim N, Alkilany LF, Hassan ZK, Gaber N. Investigating causes and risk factors of pre-chemotherapy viremia in acute lymphoblastic leukemia pediatric patients. Infection 2023; 51:203-211. [PMID: 35876981 PMCID: PMC9309998 DOI: 10.1007/s15010-022-01878-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leukemia patients are immune-compromised even before starting chemotherapy because the malignant cells invade the bone marrow and destroy WBC precursors. Leukemic patients are more susceptible to infection by a wide range of microorganisms. Viral infections and reactivations are common and may result in severe complications. The aim of this study is to investigate different causes of viremia in ALL pediatric patients as well as the clinical and the laboratory characteristics associated with viral infections. METHODS Qualitative real-time PCR was used to detect (polyoma BK, parvo B19 and herpes simplex virus) DNA in the blood of ALL patients and routine hospital records were used to provide the data of hepatitis B & C virus infection. RESULTS Polyoma BK was the most common detected virus (51.2%) followed by herpes simplex (30.2%). Viremia by single virus was found in 16 (37.2%) cases, while viremia by multiple viruses was found in 15 (34.8%) cases. The most frequent co-detected viruses were herpes simplex and polyoma BK (11.6%) followed by herpes simplex, parvo B19 and polyoma BK (9.3%). CONCLUSION There is a high frequency of viremia by single virus and viremia by multiple viruses at the time of diagnosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in pediatric patients admitted to South Egypt Cancer Institute (SECI) compared to studies in other regions. Polyoma BK is the most common detected virus and is mainly associated with lymphopenia. It was also significantly associated with herpes simplex viremia. HCV infection was associated with increased incidence of CNS leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nivin Abdel-azim
- Cancer Biology Department, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut University, Assiut, 71516 Egypt
| | - Lamiaa Fadel Alkilany
- Cancer Biology Department, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut University, Assiut, 71516 Egypt
| | - Zeinab Korany Hassan
- Virology and Immunology Unit, Cancer Biology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Noha Gaber
- Clinical Pathology Department, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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McCall D, Jabbour E, Roth M, Nunez C, Cuglievan B. Mini-hyper CVD + CRIB (condensed rituximab, inotuzumab ozogamicin, and blinatumomab) for refractory pediatric B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2023; 70:e29939. [PMID: 36031729 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.29939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Relapsed or refractory pediatric patients with B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) have high rates of toxicities and relapse, and novel therapy is needed. We present a case of a 5-year-old male child with high-risk B-ALL that was refractory to several re-induction regimens. He was put into minimal residual disease-negative remission after re-induction with chemotherapy plus overlapping rituximab, inotuzumab ozogamicin, and blinatumomab, termed mini-hyper-CVD (cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and dexamethasone) plus CRIB (condensed rituximab, inotuzumab ozogamicin, and blinatumomab). This regimen was well tolerated, and he received his transplant and engrafted with no significant infections, toxicities, or sinusoidal obstruction syndrome. This is the first reported use of a condensed sequential immunotherapy/chemotherapy regimen in a pediatric leukemia patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- David McCall
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Elias Jabbour
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Michael Roth
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Cesar Nunez
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Branko Cuglievan
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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Ma Y, Liu N, Zhong G, Wang D, Cao L, Bai S, Zhu P, Zhang A, Wang X. Parent Acceptance toward Inactivated COVID-19 Vaccination in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: The Power of Oncologist and Alliance. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10122016. [PMID: 36560428 PMCID: PMC9785446 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10122016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: The current study aims to survey the willingness of parents to vaccinate their children, who are childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia survivors (CALLS), and identify factors associated with vaccine acceptance. Methods: Parents of CALLS on/off treatment, with the general condition of being amendable to vaccination, were recruited for interviews with attending oncologists about COVID-19 vaccination acceptance from July to November 2021 in China. After controlling for socioeconomic factors, the Association of Oncologists’ recommendations and parent−oncologist alliance with acceptance status were investigated. For validation, propensity score-matched (PSM) analysis was used. Results: A total of 424 families were included in the study, with CALLS mean remission age of 5.99 ± 3.40 years. Among them, 91 (21.4%) agreed, 168 (39.6%) hesitated, and 165 (38.9%) parents disagreed with the vaccination. The most common reason that kept parents from vaccinating their children was lack of recommendations from professional personnel (84/165, 50.9%), and massive amounts of internet information (78/175, 44.6%) was the main nonhealthcare resource against vaccination. Logistic regression analysis showed that only the recommendation from the oncologist was associated with parents’ vaccine acceptance (OR = 3.17, 95% CI = 1.93−5.20), as demonstrated by PSM comparison (42 in recommendation group vs. 18 in nonrecommendation group among 114 pairs, p < 0.001). An exploratory analysis revealed that parents with a better patient−oncologist alliance had a significantly higher level of acceptance (65.6% in alliance group vs. 15.6% in nonalliance group among 32 pairs, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Due to a lack of professional recommendation resources and the potential for serious consequences, parents were generally reluctant to vaccinate their CALLS. The recommendation of oncologists, which was influenced by the parent−oncologist alliance, significantly increased acceptance. This study emphasizes the critical role of oncologists in vaccinating cancer survivors and can be used to promote COVID-19 vaccines among vulnerable populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Ma
- Department of Orthopedics and Spine Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, 69 Dongsha North Road, Shantou 515000, China
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, 7 Raoping Road, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Nianqi Liu
- Faculty of Psychology, Institute of Educational Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Guanqing Zhong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Dao Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Lu Cao
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Shenrui Bai
- Department of Hematological Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Pengfei Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Ao Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Xinjia Wang
- Department of Orthopedics and Spine Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, 69 Dongsha North Road, Shantou 515000, China
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, 7 Raoping Road, Shantou 515041, China
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10
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Whitlock JA, Malvar J, Dalla-Pozza L, Goldberg JM, Silverman LB, Ziegler DS, Attarbaschi A, Brown PA, Gardner RA, Gaynon PS, Hutchinson R, Huynh VT, Jeha S, Marcus L, Messinger Y, Schultz KR, Cassar J, Locatelli F, Zwaan CM, Wood BL, Sposto R, Gore L. Nelarabine, etoposide, and cyclophosphamide in relapsed pediatric T-acute lymphoblastic leukemia and T-lymphoblastic lymphoma (study T2008-002 NECTAR). Pediatr Blood Cancer 2022; 69:e29901. [PMID: 35989458 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.29901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Children with relapse of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) or lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-LBL) have a dismal prognosis, largely due to difficulty attaining second remission. We hypothesized that adding etoposide and cyclophosphamide to the nucleoside analog nelarabine could improve response rates over single-agent nelarabine for relapsed T-ALL and T-LBL. This phase I dose-escalation trial's primary objective was to evaluate the dose and safety of nelarabine given in combination with etoposide at 100 mg/m2 /day and cyclophosphamide at 330-400 mg/m2 /day, each for 5 consecutive days in children with either T-ALL (13 patients) or T-LBL (10 patients). Twenty-three patients were treated at three dose levels; 21 were evaluable for dose-limiting toxicities (DLT) and response. The recommended phase II doses (RP2D) for this regimen, when given daily ×5 every 3 weeks, were nelarabine 650 mg/m2 /day, etoposide 100 mg/m2 /day, and cyclophosphamide 400 mg/m2 /day. DLTs included peripheral motor and sensory neuropathies. An expansion cohort to evaluate responses at the RP2D was terminated early due to slow accrual. The overall best response rate was 38% (8/21), with 33% (4/12) responses in the T-ALL cohort and 44% (4/9) responses in the T-LBL cohort. These response rates are comparable to those seen with single-agent nelarabine in this setting. These data suggest that the addition of cyclophosphamide and etoposide to nelarabine does not increase the incidence of neurologic toxicities or the response rate beyond that obtained with single-agent nelarabine in children with first relapse of T-ALL and T-LBL.
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Affiliation(s)
- James A Whitlock
- Division of Haematology/Oncology, Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jemily Malvar
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.,The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | | | - John M Goldberg
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Lewis B Silverman
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute/Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David S Ziegler
- Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia.,School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Andishe Attarbaschi
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, St. Anna Children's Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Patrick A Brown
- Johns Hopkins University/Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Paul S Gaynon
- Children's Center for Cancer and Blood Disease, Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Raymond Hutchinson
- Department of Pediatrics, Hematology and Oncology, C.S. Mott Children's Hospital, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Van T Huynh
- Children's Hospital Orange County, Orange, California, USA
| | - Sima Jeha
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Leigh Marcus
- Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, White Oak, Maryland, USA
| | - Yoav Messinger
- Children's Hospital and Clinics of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Kirk R Schultz
- BC Children's Hospital and Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | | | - C Michel Zwaan
- Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Erasmus University Medical Center-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Brent L Wood
- Seattle Cancer Care Alliance, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Richard Sposto
- The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics and Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Lia Gore
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine/Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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11
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Liu Q, Hu K, She Y, Hu Y. In-situ growth G4-nanowire-driven electrochemical biosensor for probing H2O2 in living cell and the activity of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2022.116981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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12
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Khodakarami A, Adibfar S, Karpisheh V, Abolhasani S, Jalali P, Mohammadi H, Gholizadeh Navashenaq J, Hojjat-Farsangi M, Jadidi-Niaragh F. The molecular biology and therapeutic potential of Nrf2 in leukemia. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:241. [PMID: 35906617 PMCID: PMC9336077 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02660-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) transcription factor has contradictory roles in cancer, which can act as a tumor suppressor or a proto-oncogene in different cell conditions (depending on the cell type and the conditions of the cell environment). Nrf2 pathway regulates several cellular processes, including signaling, energy metabolism, autophagy, inflammation, redox homeostasis, and antioxidant regulation. As a result, it plays a crucial role in cell survival. Conversely, Nrf2 protects cancerous cells from apoptosis and increases proliferation, angiogenesis, and metastasis. It promotes resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy in various solid tumors and hematological malignancies, so we want to elucidate the role of Nrf2 in cancer and the positive point of its targeting. Also, in the past few years, many studies have shown that Nrf2 protects cancer cells, especially leukemic cells, from the effects of chemotherapeutic drugs. The present paper summarizes these studies to scrutinize whether targeting Nrf2 combined with chemotherapy would be a therapeutic approach for leukemia treatment. Also, we discussed how Nrf2 and NF-κB work together to control the cellular redox pathway. The role of these two factors in inflammation (antagonistic) and leukemia (synergistic) is also summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atefeh Khodakarami
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sara Adibfar
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Vahid Karpisheh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Shiva Abolhasani
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Pooya Jalali
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamed Mohammadi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Hojjat-Farsangi
- Bioclinicum, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Farhad Jadidi-Niaragh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. .,Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. .,Research Center for Integrative Medicine in Aging, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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13
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Nagasawa M. Biomarkers of graft- vs-host disease: Understanding and applications for the future. World J Transplant 2021; 11:335-343. [PMID: 34447670 PMCID: PMC8371494 DOI: 10.5500/wjt.v11.i8.335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is widely performed as a treatment for malignant blood disorders, such as leukemia. To achieve good clinical outcomes in HSCT, it is necessary to minimize the unfavorable effects of acute graft-vs-host disease (GVHD) and induce the more tolerable, chronic form of the disease. For better management of GVHD, sensitive and specific biomarkers that predict the severity and prognosis of the disease have been intensively investigated using proteomics, transcriptomics, genomics, cytomics, and tandem mass spectrometry methods. Here, I will briefly review the current understanding of GVHD biomarkers and future prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Nagasawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Musashino City 180-8610, Tokyo, Japan
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14
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Bennet D, Khorsandian Y, Pelusi J, Mirabella A, Pirrotte P, Zenhausern F. Molecular and physical technologies for monitoring fluid and electrolyte imbalance: A focus on cancer population. Clin Transl Med 2021; 11:e461. [PMID: 34185420 PMCID: PMC8214861 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Several clinical examinations have shown the essential impact of monitoring (de)hydration (fluid and electrolyte imbalance) in cancer patients. There are multiple risk factors associated with (de)hydration, including aging, excessive or lack of fluid consumption in sports, alcohol consumption, hot weather, diabetes insipidus, vomiting, diarrhea, cancer, radiation, chemotherapy, and use of diuretics. Fluid and electrolyte imbalance mainly involves alterations in the levels of sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium in extracellular fluids. Hyponatremia is a common condition among individuals with cancer (62% of cases), along with hypokalemia (40%), hypophosphatemia (32%), hypomagnesemia (17%), hypocalcemia (12%), and hypernatremia (1-5%). Lack of hydration and monitoring of hydration status can lead to severe complications, such as nausea/vomiting, diarrhea, fatigue, seizures, cell swelling or shrinking, kidney failure, shock, coma, and even death. This article aims to review the current (de)hydration (fluid and electrolyte imbalance) monitoring technologies focusing on cancer. First, we discuss the physiological and pathophysiological implications of fluid and electrolyte imbalance in cancer patients. Second, we explore the different molecular and physical monitoring methods used to measure fluid and electrolyte imbalance and the measurement challenges in diverse populations. Hydration status is assessed in various indices; plasma, sweat, tear, saliva, urine, body mass, interstitial fluid, and skin-integration techniques have been extensively investigated. No unified (de)hydration (fluid and electrolyte imbalance) monitoring technology exists for different populations (including sports, elderly, children, and cancer). Establishing novel methods and technologies to facilitate and unify measurements of hydration status represents an excellent opportunity to develop impactful new approaches for patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devasier Bennet
- Center for Applied NanoBioscience and MedicineThe University of ArizonaCollege of MedicinePhoenixUSA
| | - Yasaman Khorsandian
- Center for Applied NanoBioscience and MedicineThe University of ArizonaCollege of MedicinePhoenixUSA
| | | | | | - Patrick Pirrotte
- Collaborative Center for Translational Mass SpectrometryTranslational Genomics Research InstitutePhoenixUSA
| | - Frederic Zenhausern
- Center for Applied NanoBioscience and MedicineThe University of ArizonaCollege of MedicinePhoenixUSA
- HonorHealth Research InstituteScottsdaleUSA
- Collaborative Center for Translational Mass SpectrometryTranslational Genomics Research InstitutePhoenixUSA
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15
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Zahnreich S, Schmidberger H. Childhood Cancer: Occurrence, Treatment and Risk of Second Primary Malignancies. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13112607. [PMID: 34073340 PMCID: PMC8198981 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer represents the leading cause of disease-related death and treatment-associated morbidity in children with an increasing trend in recent decades worldwide. Nevertheless, the 5-year survival of childhood cancer patients has been raised impressively to more than 80% during the past decades, primarily attributed to improved diagnostic technologies and multiagent cytotoxic regimens. This strong benefit of more efficient tumor control and prolonged survival is compromised by an increased risk of adverse and fatal late sequelae. Long-term survivors of pediatric tumors are at the utmost risk for non-carcinogenic late effects such as cardiomyopathies, neurotoxicity, or pneumopathies, as well as the development of secondary primary malignancies as the most detrimental consequence of genotoxic chemo- and radiotherapy. Promising approaches to reducing the risk of adverse late effects in childhood cancer survivors include high precision irradiation techniques like proton radiotherapy or non-genotoxic targeted therapies and immune-based treatments. However, to date, these therapies are rarely used to treat pediatric cancer patients and survival rates, as well as incidences of late effects, have changed little over the past two decades in this population. Here we provide an overview of the epidemiology and etiology of childhood cancers, current developments for their treatment, and therapy-related adverse late health consequences with a special focus on second primary malignancies.
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16
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Zhao M, Wang J, Qu M, Zhao Y, Wang H, Ke Y, Liu Y, Lei ZN, Liu HM, Hu Z, Wei L, Chen ZS. OGP46 Induces Differentiation of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells via Different Optimal Signaling Pathways. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:652972. [PMID: 33748146 PMCID: PMC7969801 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.652972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) is characterized by blockage of cell differentiation leading to the accumulation of immature cells, which is the most prevalent form of acute leukemia in adults. It is well known that all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and arsenic trioxide (ATO) are the preferred drugs for acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). However, they can lead to irreversible resistance which may be responsible for clinical failure after complete remission (CR). Moreover, the differentiation therapy of ATRA-based treatment has not been effective against AML with t(8;21) translocation. Here we aimed to identify the differentiation effect of OGP46 on AML cell lines (HL-60, NB4, and Kasumi-1) and explore its possible mechanisms. We found that OGP46 has significant inhibitory activity against these cells by triggering cell differentiation with cell-cycle exit at G1/G0 and inhibited the colony-formation capacity of the AML cells. It was shown that OGP46 induced the differentiation of NB4 cells via the transcriptional misregulation in cancer signaling pathway by PML-RARα depletion, while it was attributed to the hematopoietic cell lineage and phagosome pathway in Kasumi-1 cells, which are all critical pathways in cell differentiation. These results highlight that OGP46 is an active agent not only in the APL cell line NB4 but also in AML-M2 cell lines, especially Kasumi-1 with t(8;21) translocation. Therefore, OGP46 may be a potential compound for surmounting the differentiation blockage in AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhao
- Laboratory for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China.,School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Jiangyun Wang
- Laboratory for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China.,School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Mei Qu
- Laboratory for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China.,School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Yao Zhao
- Laboratory for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Haihua Wang
- Laboratory for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Yu Ke
- School of Pharmacy, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ying Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zi-Ning Lei
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, New York, NY, United States.,School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong-Min Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhenbo Hu
- Laboratory for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Liuya Wei
- Laboratory for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China.,School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Zhe-Sheng Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, New York, NY, United States
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17
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Gomes DC, Barros MR, Menezes TM, Neves JL, Paiva PMG, da Silva TG, Napoleão TH, Coriolano MC, Dos Santos Correia MT. A new lectin from the floral capitula of Egletes viscosa (EgviL): Biochemical and biophysical characterization and cytotoxicity to human cancer cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 168:676-685. [PMID: 33220373 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.11.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Egletes viscosa is a plant with therapeutic value due to its antibacterial, antinociceptive and gastroprotective properties. This study aimed to purify, characterize, and evaluate the cytotoxicity of a lectin (EgviL) from the floral capitula of E. viscosa. The lectin was isolated from saline extract through precipitation with ammonium sulfate followed by Sephadex G-75 chromatography. The molecular mass and isoelectric point (pI) of EgviL were determined as well as its temperature and pH stability. Physical-chemical parameters of interaction between EgviL and carbohydrates were investigated by fluorescence quenching and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Cytotoxicity was investigated against human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and neoplastic cells. EgviL (28.8 kDa, pI 5.4) showed hemagglutinating activity stable towards heating until 60 °C and at the pH range 5.0-7.0. This lectin is able to interact through hydrophobic and electrostatic bonds with galactose and glucose, respectively. EgviL reduced the viability of PBMCs only at the highest concentration tested (100 μg/mL) while was toxic to Jurkat E6-1 cells with IC50 of 24.1 μg/mL,inducing apoptosis. In summary, EgviL is a galactose/glucose-binding protein with acidic character, stable to heating and with cytotoxic effect on leukemic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayane Correia Gomes
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Marcela Rodrigues Barros
- Laboratório de Química Biológica, Departamento de Química Fundamental, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Thaís Meira Menezes
- Laboratório de Química Biológica, Departamento de Química Fundamental, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Jorge Luiz Neves
- Laboratório de Química Biológica, Departamento de Química Fundamental, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Maria Guedes Paiva
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Teresinha Gonçalves da Silva
- Departamento de Antibióticos, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Thiago Henrique Napoleão
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
| | - Marília Cavalcanti Coriolano
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
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18
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Wijaya J, Gose T, Schuetz JD. Using Pharmacology to Squeeze the Life Out of Childhood Leukemia, and Potential Strategies to Achieve Breakthroughs in Medulloblastoma Treatment. Pharmacol Rev 2020; 72:668-691. [PMID: 32571983 PMCID: PMC7312347 DOI: 10.1124/pr.118.016824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Eliminating cancer was once thought of as a war. This analogy is still apt today; however, we now realize that cancer is a much more formidable enemy than scientists originally perceived, and in some cases, it harbors a profound ability to thwart our best efforts to defeat it. However, before we were aware of the complexity of cancer, chemotherapy against childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) was successful because it applied the principles of pharmacology. Herein, we provide a historic perspective of the experience at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital. In 1962, when the hospital opened, fewer than 3% of patients experienced durable cure. Through judicious application of pharmacologic principles (e.g., combination therapy with agents using different mechanisms of action) plus appropriate drug scheduling, dosing, and pharmacodynamics, the survival of patients with ALL now exceeds 90%. We contrast this approach to treating ALL with the contemporary approach to treating medulloblastoma, in which genetics and molecular signatures are being used to guide the development of more-efficacious treatment strategies with minimal toxicity. Finally, we highlight the emerging technologies that can sustain and propel the collaborative efforts to squeeze the life out of these cancers. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Up until the early 1960s, chemotherapy for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia was mostly ineffective. This changed with the knowledge and implementation of rational approaches to combination therapy. Although the therapeutics of brain cancers such as medulloblastoma are not as refined (in part because of the blood-brain barrier obstacle), recent extraordinary advances in knowledge of medulloblastoma pathobiology has led to innovations in disease classification accompanied with strategies to improve therapeutic outcomes. Undoubtedly, additional novel approaches, such as immunological therapeutics, will open new avenues to further the goal of taming cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juwina Wijaya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Tomoka Gose
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - John D Schuetz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
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19
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Khan AA, Allemailem KS, Almatroodi SA, Almatroudi A, Rahmani AH. Recent strategies towards the surface modification of liposomes: an innovative approach for different clinical applications. 3 Biotech 2020; 10:163. [PMID: 32206497 PMCID: PMC7062946 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-020-2144-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Liposomes are very useful biocompatible tools used in diverse scientific disciplines, employed for the vehiculation and delivery of lipophilic, ampiphilic or hydrophilic compounds. Liposomes have gained the importance as drug carriers, as the drugs alone have limited targets, higher toxicity and develop resistance when used in higher doses. Conventional liposomes suffer from several drawbacks like encapsulation inefficiencies and partially controlled particle size. The surface chemistry of liposome technology started from simple conventional vesicles to second generation liposomes by modulating their lipid composition and surface with different ligands. Introduction of polyethylene glycol to lipid anchor was the first innovative strategy which increased circulation time, delayed clearance and opsonin resistance. PEGylated liposomes have been found to possess higher drug loading capacity up to 90% or more and some drugs like CPX-1 encapsuled in such liposomes have increased the disease control up to 73% patients suffering from colorectal cancer. The surface of liposomes have been further liganded with small molecules, vitamins, carbohydrates, peptides, proteins, antibodies, aptamers and enzymes. These advanced liposomes exhibit greater solubility, higher stability, long-circulating time and specific drug targeting properties. The immense utility and demand of surface modified liposomes in different areas have led their way to the modern market. In addition to this, the multi-drug carrier approach of targeted liposomes is an innovative method to overcome drug resistance while treating ceratin tumors. Presently, several second-generation liposomal formulations of different anticancer drugs are at various stages of clinical trials. This review article summarizes briefly the preparation of liposomes, strategies of disease targeting and exclusively the surface modifications with different entities and their clinical applications especially as drug delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amjad Ali Khan
- Department of Basic Health Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, P.O. Box 6699, Buraidah, 51452 Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled S. Allemailem
- Department of Basic Health Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, P.O. Box 6699, Buraidah, 51452 Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, P.O. Box 6699, Buraidah, 51452 Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh A. Almatroodi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, P.O. Box 6699, Buraidah, 51452 Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Almatroudi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, P.O. Box 6699, Buraidah, 51452 Saudi Arabia
| | - Arshad Husain Rahmani
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, P.O. Box 6699, Buraidah, 51452 Saudi Arabia
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20
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Tretiakova DS, Khaidukov SV, Babayants AA, Frolova IS, Shcheglovitova ON, Onishchenko NR, Vodovozova EL. Lipophilic Prodrug of Methotrexate in the Membrane of Liposomes Promotes Their Uptake by Human Blood Phagocytes. Acta Naturae 2020; 12:99-109. [PMID: 32477604 PMCID: PMC7245962 DOI: 10.32607/actanaturae.10946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously, we showed that incorporation of methotrexate (MTX) in the form of a lipophilic prodrug (MTXDG) in 100-nm lipid bilayer liposomes of egg phosphatidylcholine can allow one to reduce toxicity and improve the antitumor efficiency of MTX in a mouse model of T-cell leukemic lymphoma. However, in our hemocompatibility tests in vitro, MTX liposomes caused complement (C) activation, obviously due to binding on the liposome surface and fragmentation of the C3 complement factor. In this work, we studied the interactions of MTX liposomes carrying stabilizing molecules phosphatidylinositol (PI), ganglioside GM1, or a lipid conjugate of N-carboxymethylated oligoglycine (CMG) in the bilayer with subpopulations of human blood leukocytes. Liposomes labeled with BODIPY-phosphatidylcholine were incubated with whole blood (30 min and 1 h, 37°C), blood cells were lysed with a hypotonic buffer, and the fluorescence of the liposomes bound but not internalized by the leukocytes was quenched by crystal violet. Cell suspensions were analyzed by flow cytometry. Incorporation of MTXDG dramatically enhanced the phagocytosis of liposomes of any composition by monocytes. Neutrophils consumed much less of the liposomes. Lymphocytes did not accumulate liposomes. The introduction of PI into MTX liposomes practically did not affect the specific consumption of liposomes by monocytes, while CMG was likely to increase the consumption rate regardless of the presence of MTXDG. The GM1 ganglioside presumably shielded MTX liposomes from phagocytosis by one of the monocyte populations and increased the efficiency of monocyte uptake by another population, probably one expressing C3b-binding receptors (C3b was detected on liposomes after incubation with blood plasma). MTX liposomes were shown to have different effects on TNF-α production by activated leukocytes, depending on the structure of the stabilizing molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- D S Tretiakova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997 Russia
| | - S V Khaidukov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997 Russia
| | - A A Babayants
- Gamaleya National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Moscow, 123098 Russia
| | - I S Frolova
- Gamaleya National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Moscow, 123098 Russia
| | - O N Shcheglovitova
- Gamaleya National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Moscow, 123098 Russia
| | - N R Onishchenko
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997 Russia
| | - E L Vodovozova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997 Russia
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21
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Ackermann S, Fischer M. Telomere Maintenance in Pediatric Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E5836. [PMID: 31757062 PMCID: PMC6928840 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20235836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Telomere length has been proposed as a biomarker of biological age and a risk factor for age-related diseases and cancer. Substantial progress has been made in recent decades in understanding the complex molecular relationships in this research field. However, the majority of telomere studies have been conducted in adults. The data on telomere dynamics in pediatric cancers is limited, and interpretation can be challenging, especially in cases where results are contrasting to those in adult entities. This review describes recent advances in the molecular characterization of structure and function of telomeres, regulation of telomerase activity in cancer pathogenesis in general, and highlights the key advances that have expanded our views on telomere biology in pediatric cancer, with special emphasis on the central role of telomere maintenance in neuroblastoma. Furthermore, open questions in the field of telomere maintenance research are discussed in the context of recently published literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Ackermann
- Department of Experimental Pediatric Oncology, University Children’s Hospital of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Straße 21, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Matthias Fischer
- Department of Experimental Pediatric Oncology, University Children’s Hospital of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Straße 21, 50931 Cologne, Germany
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22
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Cho YH, Jeon IS. A Case of Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia with Trisomy 5 as a Sole Chromosomal Anomaly: A Prognostic Significance. CLINICAL PEDIATRIC HEMATOLOGY-ONCOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.15264/cpho.2019.26.2.91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Young Hwan Cho
- Department of Pediatrics, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea
| | - In-sang Jeon
- Department of Pediatrics, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea
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23
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Liu X, Wang H, Deng K, Kwee S, Huang H, Tang L. Single Primer Based Multisite Strand Displacement Reaction Amplification Strategy for Rapid Detection of Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase Activity. Anal Chem 2019; 91:7482-7486. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b01816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xinyan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Function Molecule, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, P. R. China
| | - Hao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Function Molecule, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, P. R. China
| | - Keqin Deng
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Function Molecule, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, P. R. China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
| | - Sharon Kwee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
| | - Haowen Huang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Function Molecule, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, P. R. China
| | - Liang Tang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
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24
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Rashed WM, Hammad AM, Saad AM, Shohdy KS. MicroRNA as a diagnostic biomarker in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia; systematic review, meta-analysis and recommendations. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2019; 136:70-78. [PMID: 30878131 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2019.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2018] [Revised: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies detected abnormal mi-RNAs expression levels in childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) with potential diagnostic value. We conducted a systematic search on certain microRNAs in childhood ALL. We included 17 studies with a total of 928 ALL children and 307 controls. Ten studies provided miRNAs expression levels and seven provided frequency data. Sensitivity and specificity of a single miRNA ranged from 46.55% to 100% and from 71.8% to 100%, respectively. The highest diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) was for the diagnostic panel (miR-128a and miR-223) reaching 546 [95% CI: 73.768-4041.282]. Also, miR-128a, miR-128b, miR-223, let-7b, miR-155 and miR-24 can be used as diagnostic discriminatory biomarkers between ALL and AML. Further large cohort studies are needed to confirm our results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wafaa M Rashed
- Research Department, Children's Cancer Hospital 57357 (CCHE-57357), Egypt.
| | - Ali M Hammad
- Kasr Alainy School of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Anas M Saad
- Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Egypt
| | - Kyrillus S Shohdy
- Clinical Oncology Department, Kasr Alainy School of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
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25
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Abstract
Treatment outcomes for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), especially pediatric ALL, have greatly improved due to the risk-adapted therapy. Combination of drug development, clinical practice, as well as basic genetic researches has brought the survival rate of ALL from less than 10% to more than 90% today, not only increasing the treatment efficacy but also limiting adverse drug reactions (ADRs). In this review, we summarized the landscape identification of ALL genetic alterations, which provided the opportunity to increase the survival rate and especially minimize the relapse risk of ALL, and highlighted the importance of the development of new technologies of genomic investigation for translational medicine.
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26
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Cao Y, Wu C, Song Y, Lin Z, Kang Y, Lu P, Zhang C, Huang Q, Hao T, Zhu X, Hu J. Cyr61 decreases Cytarabine chemosensitivity in acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells via NF-κB pathway activation. Int J Mol Med 2018; 43:1011-1020. [PMID: 30535449 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.4018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Elevated Cyr61 levels have been reported in various malignancies. Elevation of Cyr61 protein levels contributes to the proliferation, metastasis, and chemotherapy resistance of malignant cells. Previously, it was discovered that Cyr61 is elevated in both the plasma and the bone marrow supernatants of patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), promoting ALL cell survival. However, the role of Cyr61 in the chemotherapeutic resistance of ALL cells remains unknown. The aim of the current study was to investigate the role of Cyr61 in regulating ALL cell chemosensitivity to Ara‑C. It was found that Cyr61 is overexpressed in bone marrow mononuclear cells from patients with ALL. Increased Cyr61 effectively decreased Ara‑C‑induced apoptosis of ALL cells, and its function was blocked by the use of the anti‑Cyr61 monoclonal antibody 093G9. Furthermore, Cyr61 increased the level of Bcl‑2 in Ara‑C‑treated ALL cells. Mechanistically, it was shown that Cyr61 affected ALL cell resistance to Ara‑C partially via the NF‑κB pathway. Taken together, the present study is the first, to the best of our knowledge, to reveal that Cyr61 is involved in ALL cell resistance through the NF‑κB pathway. The findings support a functional role for Cyr61 in promoting chemotherapy resistance, suggesting that targeting Cyr61 directly or its relevant effector pathways may improve the clinical responses of patients with ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingping Cao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
| | - Conglian Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
| | - Yanfang Song
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Lin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
| | - Yanli Kang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
| | - Pingxia Lu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
| | - Chenqing Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
| | - Qinghua Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
| | - Taisen Hao
- Department of Cancer Biology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Xianjin Zhu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
| | - Jianda Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
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27
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Rhee ES, Kim H, Kang SH, Yoo JW, Koh KN, Im HJ, Seo JJ. Outcome and Prognostic Factors in Pediatric Precursor T-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Single-Center Experience. CLINICAL PEDIATRIC HEMATOLOGY-ONCOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.15264/cpho.2018.25.2.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Eun Sang Rhee
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyery Kim
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung-Han Kang
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Won Yoo
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung-Nam Koh
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ho Joon Im
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Jin Seo
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
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28
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Busenhart DM, Erb J, Rigakos G, Eliades T, Papageorgiou SN. Adverse effects of chemotherapy on the teeth and surrounding tissues of children with cancer: A systematic review with meta-analysis. Oral Oncol 2018; 83:64-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2018.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Lv H, Zhang M, Shang Z, Li J, Zhang S, Lian D, Zhang R. Genome-wide haplotype association study identify the FGFR2 gene as a risk gene for acute myeloid leukemia. Oncotarget 2018; 8:7891-7899. [PMID: 27903959 PMCID: PMC5352368 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a cancer of the myeloid line of blood cells, and generally considered to be caused by environment and genetic factors. In this study, we combined a genome-wide haplotype association study (GWHAS) and gene prioritization strategy to mine AML-related genetic affect factors and understand its pathogenesis. A total of 175 AML patients were downloaded from the public GEO database (GSE32462) and 218 matched Caucasian controls were from the HapMap Project. We first identified the linkage disequilibrium (LD) blocks and performed a GWHAS to scan AML-related haplotypes. Then we mapped these haplotypes to the corresponding genes as candidate. And finally, we prioritized all the AML candidate genes based on the similarity with 38 known AML susceptibility genes. The results showed that 1754 haplotypes were significant associated with AML (P<1E-5) and mapped to 591 candidate genes. After prioritizing all 591 AML candidate genes, we obtained four genes ranking at the front as AML risk genes: RUNX1, JAK1, PDGFRA, and FGFR2. Among them, RUNX1, JAK1 and PDGFRA had been confirmed as AML risk genes. In particular, we found that the gene FGFR2 was a novel AML susceptibility gene with a haplotype TT (rs7090018 and rs2912759) showed significant association with AML (P-value = 7.07E-06). In a word, our findings might provide a new perspective to understand the pathogenesis of AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongchao Lv
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Mingming Zhang
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhenwei Shang
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jin Li
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- Hospital of Harbin Turbine Company Limited, Harbin Electric Corporation, Harbin, China
| | - Duan Lian
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ruijie Zhang
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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30
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Yu FF, Bai YN, He H, Zhu L, Zhang RL, Jiao HX, Li QY, Fu JF. Identifying the unmet supportive care needs, with concomitant influencing factors, in adult acute leukemia patients in China. Eur J Oncol Nurs 2017; 30:67-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejon.2017.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Revised: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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31
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Iguchi A, Cho Y, Sugiyama M, Terashita Y, Ariga T, Hosoya Y, Hirabayashi S, Manabe A, Hara K, Aiba T, Shiokawa T, Tada H, Sato N. Bortezomib combined with standard induction chemotherapy in Japanese children with refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Int J Hematol 2017; 106:291-298. [PMID: 28401497 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-017-2235-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Revised: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Bortezomib has been shown to be effective and well-tolerated in patients with refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in the Therapeutic Advances in Childhood Leukemia trial. However, the safety and efficacy of bortezomib have not been evaluated in Japanese pediatric patients. Here, we report the results of a clinical trial designed to evaluate the safety of bortezomib combined with induction chemotherapy in Japanese children with refractory ALL. A total of six patients with B-precursor ALL were enrolled in this study. Four-dose bortezomib (1.3 mg/m2/dose) combined with two standard induction chemotherapies was used. Prolonged pancytopenia (grade 4) was observed in all patients. Four of the six patients developed severe infectious complications. Peripheral neuropathy (grade 2) occurred in five patients. The individual plasma bortezomib concentration-time profiles were not related to toxicity and efficacy. Five patients were evaluable for response, and four patients achieved complete response (CR) or CR without platelet recovery (80%). In conclusion, four-dose bortezomib (1.3 mg/m2/dose) combined with standard re-induction chemotherapy was associated with a high risk of infectious complications induced by prolonged neutropenia, although high efficacy has been achieved for Japanese pediatric patients with refractory ALL. Attention must be given to severe infectious complications when performing re-induction chemotherapy including bortezomib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Iguchi
- Department of Pediatrics, Hokkaido University Hospital, N14W5 Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan.
| | - Yuko Cho
- Department of Pediatrics, Hokkaido University Hospital, N14W5 Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Minako Sugiyama
- Department of Pediatrics, Hokkaido University Hospital, N14W5 Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Yukayo Terashita
- Department of Pediatrics, Hokkaido University Hospital, N14W5 Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Tadashi Ariga
- Department of Pediatrics, Hokkaido University Hospital, N14W5 Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Yosuke Hosoya
- Department of Pediatrics, St. Luke's International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Atsushi Manabe
- Department of Pediatrics, St. Luke's International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keisuke Hara
- Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Aiba
- Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Tsugumi Shiokawa
- Department of Instrumental Analysis Advanced Science Research Center, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hiroko Tada
- Department of Instrumental Analysis Advanced Science Research Center, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Norihiro Sato
- Department of Clinical Research & Medical Innovation Center, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
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32
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Satake N, Duong C, Yoshida S, Oestergaard M, Chen C, Peralta R, Guo S, Seth PP, Li Y, Beckett L, Chung J, Nolta J, Nitin N, Tuscano JM. Novel Targeted Therapy for Precursor B Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: anti-CD22 Antibody-MXD3 Antisense Oligonucleotide Conjugate. Mol Med 2016; 22:632-642. [PMID: 27455414 DOI: 10.2119/molmed.2015.00210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The exponential rise in molecular and genomic data has generated a vast array of therapeutic targets. Oligonucleotide-based technologies to down regulate these molecular targets have promising therapeutic efficacy. However, there is relatively limited success in translating this into effective in vivo cancer therapeutics. The primary challenge is the lack of effective cancer cell-targeted delivery methods, particularly for a systemic disease such as leukemia. We developed a novel leukemia-targeting compound composed of a monoclonal antibody directly conjugated to an antisense oligonucleotide (ASO). Our compound uses an ASO that specifically targets the transcription factor MAX dimerization protein 3 (MXD3), which was previously identified to be critical for precursor B cell (preB) acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cell survival. The MXD3 ASO was conjugated to an anti-CD22 antibody (αCD22 Ab) that specifically targets most preB ALL. We demonstrated that the αCD22 Ab-ASO conjugate treatment showed MXD3 protein knockdown and leukemia cell apoptosis in vitro. We also demonstrated that the conjugate treatment showed cytotoxicity in normal B cells, but not in other hematopoietic cells, including hematopoietic stem cells. Furthermore, the conjugate treatment at the lowest dose tested (0.2mg/kg Ab for 6 doses - twice a week for 3 weeks) more than doubled the mouse survival time in both Reh (median survival time 20.5 vs. 42.5 days, p<0.001) and primary preB ALL (median survival time 29.3 vs. 63 days, p<0.001) xenograft models. Our conjugate that uses αCD22 Ab to target the novel molecule MXD3, which is highly expressed in preB ALL cells, appears to be a promising novel therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Cathy Chen
- Department of Pediatrics.,Stem Cell Program
| | | | | | | | - Yueju Li
- Department of Public Health Sciences
| | | | | | | | - Nitin Nitin
- Departments of Food Science & Technology and Biological & Agricultural Engineering
| | - Joseph M Tuscano
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis
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33
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Mueller W, Gilham C. Childhood leukemia and proximity to nuclear power plants: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Cancer Policy 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpo.2015.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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34
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Abstract
Childhood cancers are rare but an important cause of morbidity and mortality in children younger than 15 y of age. Common childhood malignancies include leukemias (commonest, 30-40%), brain tumors (20%) and lymphoma (12%) followed by neuroblastoma, retinoblastoma and tumors arising from soft tissues, bones and gonads. Leukemias, the commonest childhood cancer, arise from clonal proliferation of abnormal hematopoietic cells leading to disruption of normal marrow function and marrow failure. The various clinical manifestations of leukemia result from unregulated proliferation of the malignant clone and bone marrow failure. There are two main subtypes, the commoner, acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). A small proportion may have chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML). A systematic approach is necessary for diagnosis. Treatment should be initiated as early as possible to avoid complications. A timely referral to a cancer center must be done if facilities for diagnosis/treatment, management of complications and provision for supportive care are not available at the treating center.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachna Seth
- Division of Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029, India,
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35
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Varlotto J, DiMaio C, Grassberger C, Tangel M, Mackley H, Pavelic M, Specht C, Sogge S, Nguyen D, Glantz M, Saw C, Upadhyay U, Moser R, Yunus S, Rava P, Fitzgerald T, Glanzman J, Sheehan J. Multi-modality management of craniopharyngioma: a review of various treatments and their outcomes. Neurooncol Pract 2015; 3:173-187. [PMID: 31386091 DOI: 10.1093/nop/npv029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Craniopharyngioma is a rare tumor that is expected to occur in ∼400 patients/year in the United States. While surgical resection is considered to be the primary treatment when a patient presents with a craniopharyngioma, only 30% of such tumors present in locations that permit complete resection. Radiotherapy has been used as both primary and adjuvant therapy in the treatment of craniopharyngiomas for over 50 years. Modern radiotherapeutic techniques, via the use of CT-based treatment planning and MRI fusion, have permitted tighter treatment volumes that allow for better tumor control while limiting complications. Modern radiotherapeutic series have shown high control rates with lower doses than traditionally used in the two-dimensional treatment era. Intracavitary radiotherapy with radio-isotopes and stereotactic radiosurgery may have a role in the treatment of recurrent cystic and solid recurrences, respectively. Recently, due to the exclusive expression of the Beta-catenin clonal mutations and the exclusive expression of BRAF V600E clonal mutations in the overwhelming majority of adamantinomatous and papillary tumors respectively, it is felt that inhibitors of each pathway may play a role in the future treatment of these rare tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Varlotto
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester, Massachusetts (J.V., P.R., T.F., J.G.); Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Department of Neurology, Hershey, Pennsylvania (C.D.); Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Radiation Oncology, Boston, Massachusetts (C.G.); Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania (M.T., M.P., C.S., D.N., M.G., J.S.); Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey, Pennsylvania (H.M.); Penn State Medical Center, Department of Pathology, Hershey, Pennsylvania (C.S., D.N.); Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Department of Radiology, Hershey, Pennsylvania (D.N.); Penn State Neuroscience Institute, Hershey, Pennsylvania (D.N., M.G., J.S.); Northeast Radiation Oncology, Scranton, Pennsylvania (C.S.); University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Division of Neurologic Surgery, Worcester, Massachusetts (U.U., R.M.); Department of Medical Oncology, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester, Massachusetts (S.Y.)
| | - Christopher DiMaio
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester, Massachusetts (J.V., P.R., T.F., J.G.); Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Department of Neurology, Hershey, Pennsylvania (C.D.); Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Radiation Oncology, Boston, Massachusetts (C.G.); Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania (M.T., M.P., C.S., D.N., M.G., J.S.); Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey, Pennsylvania (H.M.); Penn State Medical Center, Department of Pathology, Hershey, Pennsylvania (C.S., D.N.); Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Department of Radiology, Hershey, Pennsylvania (D.N.); Penn State Neuroscience Institute, Hershey, Pennsylvania (D.N., M.G., J.S.); Northeast Radiation Oncology, Scranton, Pennsylvania (C.S.); University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Division of Neurologic Surgery, Worcester, Massachusetts (U.U., R.M.); Department of Medical Oncology, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester, Massachusetts (S.Y.)
| | - Clemens Grassberger
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester, Massachusetts (J.V., P.R., T.F., J.G.); Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Department of Neurology, Hershey, Pennsylvania (C.D.); Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Radiation Oncology, Boston, Massachusetts (C.G.); Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania (M.T., M.P., C.S., D.N., M.G., J.S.); Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey, Pennsylvania (H.M.); Penn State Medical Center, Department of Pathology, Hershey, Pennsylvania (C.S., D.N.); Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Department of Radiology, Hershey, Pennsylvania (D.N.); Penn State Neuroscience Institute, Hershey, Pennsylvania (D.N., M.G., J.S.); Northeast Radiation Oncology, Scranton, Pennsylvania (C.S.); University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Division of Neurologic Surgery, Worcester, Massachusetts (U.U., R.M.); Department of Medical Oncology, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester, Massachusetts (S.Y.)
| | - Matthew Tangel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester, Massachusetts (J.V., P.R., T.F., J.G.); Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Department of Neurology, Hershey, Pennsylvania (C.D.); Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Radiation Oncology, Boston, Massachusetts (C.G.); Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania (M.T., M.P., C.S., D.N., M.G., J.S.); Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey, Pennsylvania (H.M.); Penn State Medical Center, Department of Pathology, Hershey, Pennsylvania (C.S., D.N.); Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Department of Radiology, Hershey, Pennsylvania (D.N.); Penn State Neuroscience Institute, Hershey, Pennsylvania (D.N., M.G., J.S.); Northeast Radiation Oncology, Scranton, Pennsylvania (C.S.); University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Division of Neurologic Surgery, Worcester, Massachusetts (U.U., R.M.); Department of Medical Oncology, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester, Massachusetts (S.Y.)
| | - Heath Mackley
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester, Massachusetts (J.V., P.R., T.F., J.G.); Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Department of Neurology, Hershey, Pennsylvania (C.D.); Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Radiation Oncology, Boston, Massachusetts (C.G.); Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania (M.T., M.P., C.S., D.N., M.G., J.S.); Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey, Pennsylvania (H.M.); Penn State Medical Center, Department of Pathology, Hershey, Pennsylvania (C.S., D.N.); Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Department of Radiology, Hershey, Pennsylvania (D.N.); Penn State Neuroscience Institute, Hershey, Pennsylvania (D.N., M.G., J.S.); Northeast Radiation Oncology, Scranton, Pennsylvania (C.S.); University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Division of Neurologic Surgery, Worcester, Massachusetts (U.U., R.M.); Department of Medical Oncology, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester, Massachusetts (S.Y.)
| | - Matt Pavelic
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester, Massachusetts (J.V., P.R., T.F., J.G.); Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Department of Neurology, Hershey, Pennsylvania (C.D.); Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Radiation Oncology, Boston, Massachusetts (C.G.); Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania (M.T., M.P., C.S., D.N., M.G., J.S.); Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey, Pennsylvania (H.M.); Penn State Medical Center, Department of Pathology, Hershey, Pennsylvania (C.S., D.N.); Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Department of Radiology, Hershey, Pennsylvania (D.N.); Penn State Neuroscience Institute, Hershey, Pennsylvania (D.N., M.G., J.S.); Northeast Radiation Oncology, Scranton, Pennsylvania (C.S.); University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Division of Neurologic Surgery, Worcester, Massachusetts (U.U., R.M.); Department of Medical Oncology, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester, Massachusetts (S.Y.)
| | - Charles Specht
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester, Massachusetts (J.V., P.R., T.F., J.G.); Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Department of Neurology, Hershey, Pennsylvania (C.D.); Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Radiation Oncology, Boston, Massachusetts (C.G.); Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania (M.T., M.P., C.S., D.N., M.G., J.S.); Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey, Pennsylvania (H.M.); Penn State Medical Center, Department of Pathology, Hershey, Pennsylvania (C.S., D.N.); Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Department of Radiology, Hershey, Pennsylvania (D.N.); Penn State Neuroscience Institute, Hershey, Pennsylvania (D.N., M.G., J.S.); Northeast Radiation Oncology, Scranton, Pennsylvania (C.S.); University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Division of Neurologic Surgery, Worcester, Massachusetts (U.U., R.M.); Department of Medical Oncology, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester, Massachusetts (S.Y.)
| | - Steven Sogge
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester, Massachusetts (J.V., P.R., T.F., J.G.); Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Department of Neurology, Hershey, Pennsylvania (C.D.); Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Radiation Oncology, Boston, Massachusetts (C.G.); Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania (M.T., M.P., C.S., D.N., M.G., J.S.); Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey, Pennsylvania (H.M.); Penn State Medical Center, Department of Pathology, Hershey, Pennsylvania (C.S., D.N.); Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Department of Radiology, Hershey, Pennsylvania (D.N.); Penn State Neuroscience Institute, Hershey, Pennsylvania (D.N., M.G., J.S.); Northeast Radiation Oncology, Scranton, Pennsylvania (C.S.); University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Division of Neurologic Surgery, Worcester, Massachusetts (U.U., R.M.); Department of Medical Oncology, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester, Massachusetts (S.Y.)
| | - Dan Nguyen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester, Massachusetts (J.V., P.R., T.F., J.G.); Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Department of Neurology, Hershey, Pennsylvania (C.D.); Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Radiation Oncology, Boston, Massachusetts (C.G.); Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania (M.T., M.P., C.S., D.N., M.G., J.S.); Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey, Pennsylvania (H.M.); Penn State Medical Center, Department of Pathology, Hershey, Pennsylvania (C.S., D.N.); Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Department of Radiology, Hershey, Pennsylvania (D.N.); Penn State Neuroscience Institute, Hershey, Pennsylvania (D.N., M.G., J.S.); Northeast Radiation Oncology, Scranton, Pennsylvania (C.S.); University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Division of Neurologic Surgery, Worcester, Massachusetts (U.U., R.M.); Department of Medical Oncology, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester, Massachusetts (S.Y.)
| | - Michael Glantz
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester, Massachusetts (J.V., P.R., T.F., J.G.); Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Department of Neurology, Hershey, Pennsylvania (C.D.); Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Radiation Oncology, Boston, Massachusetts (C.G.); Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania (M.T., M.P., C.S., D.N., M.G., J.S.); Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey, Pennsylvania (H.M.); Penn State Medical Center, Department of Pathology, Hershey, Pennsylvania (C.S., D.N.); Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Department of Radiology, Hershey, Pennsylvania (D.N.); Penn State Neuroscience Institute, Hershey, Pennsylvania (D.N., M.G., J.S.); Northeast Radiation Oncology, Scranton, Pennsylvania (C.S.); University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Division of Neurologic Surgery, Worcester, Massachusetts (U.U., R.M.); Department of Medical Oncology, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester, Massachusetts (S.Y.)
| | - Cheng Saw
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester, Massachusetts (J.V., P.R., T.F., J.G.); Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Department of Neurology, Hershey, Pennsylvania (C.D.); Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Radiation Oncology, Boston, Massachusetts (C.G.); Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania (M.T., M.P., C.S., D.N., M.G., J.S.); Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey, Pennsylvania (H.M.); Penn State Medical Center, Department of Pathology, Hershey, Pennsylvania (C.S., D.N.); Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Department of Radiology, Hershey, Pennsylvania (D.N.); Penn State Neuroscience Institute, Hershey, Pennsylvania (D.N., M.G., J.S.); Northeast Radiation Oncology, Scranton, Pennsylvania (C.S.); University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Division of Neurologic Surgery, Worcester, Massachusetts (U.U., R.M.); Department of Medical Oncology, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester, Massachusetts (S.Y.)
| | - Urvashi Upadhyay
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester, Massachusetts (J.V., P.R., T.F., J.G.); Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Department of Neurology, Hershey, Pennsylvania (C.D.); Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Radiation Oncology, Boston, Massachusetts (C.G.); Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania (M.T., M.P., C.S., D.N., M.G., J.S.); Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey, Pennsylvania (H.M.); Penn State Medical Center, Department of Pathology, Hershey, Pennsylvania (C.S., D.N.); Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Department of Radiology, Hershey, Pennsylvania (D.N.); Penn State Neuroscience Institute, Hershey, Pennsylvania (D.N., M.G., J.S.); Northeast Radiation Oncology, Scranton, Pennsylvania (C.S.); University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Division of Neurologic Surgery, Worcester, Massachusetts (U.U., R.M.); Department of Medical Oncology, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester, Massachusetts (S.Y.)
| | - Richard Moser
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester, Massachusetts (J.V., P.R., T.F., J.G.); Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Department of Neurology, Hershey, Pennsylvania (C.D.); Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Radiation Oncology, Boston, Massachusetts (C.G.); Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania (M.T., M.P., C.S., D.N., M.G., J.S.); Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey, Pennsylvania (H.M.); Penn State Medical Center, Department of Pathology, Hershey, Pennsylvania (C.S., D.N.); Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Department of Radiology, Hershey, Pennsylvania (D.N.); Penn State Neuroscience Institute, Hershey, Pennsylvania (D.N., M.G., J.S.); Northeast Radiation Oncology, Scranton, Pennsylvania (C.S.); University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Division of Neurologic Surgery, Worcester, Massachusetts (U.U., R.M.); Department of Medical Oncology, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester, Massachusetts (S.Y.)
| | - Shakeeb Yunus
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester, Massachusetts (J.V., P.R., T.F., J.G.); Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Department of Neurology, Hershey, Pennsylvania (C.D.); Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Radiation Oncology, Boston, Massachusetts (C.G.); Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania (M.T., M.P., C.S., D.N., M.G., J.S.); Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey, Pennsylvania (H.M.); Penn State Medical Center, Department of Pathology, Hershey, Pennsylvania (C.S., D.N.); Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Department of Radiology, Hershey, Pennsylvania (D.N.); Penn State Neuroscience Institute, Hershey, Pennsylvania (D.N., M.G., J.S.); Northeast Radiation Oncology, Scranton, Pennsylvania (C.S.); University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Division of Neurologic Surgery, Worcester, Massachusetts (U.U., R.M.); Department of Medical Oncology, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester, Massachusetts (S.Y.)
| | - Paul Rava
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester, Massachusetts (J.V., P.R., T.F., J.G.); Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Department of Neurology, Hershey, Pennsylvania (C.D.); Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Radiation Oncology, Boston, Massachusetts (C.G.); Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania (M.T., M.P., C.S., D.N., M.G., J.S.); Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey, Pennsylvania (H.M.); Penn State Medical Center, Department of Pathology, Hershey, Pennsylvania (C.S., D.N.); Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Department of Radiology, Hershey, Pennsylvania (D.N.); Penn State Neuroscience Institute, Hershey, Pennsylvania (D.N., M.G., J.S.); Northeast Radiation Oncology, Scranton, Pennsylvania (C.S.); University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Division of Neurologic Surgery, Worcester, Massachusetts (U.U., R.M.); Department of Medical Oncology, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester, Massachusetts (S.Y.)
| | - Thomas Fitzgerald
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester, Massachusetts (J.V., P.R., T.F., J.G.); Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Department of Neurology, Hershey, Pennsylvania (C.D.); Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Radiation Oncology, Boston, Massachusetts (C.G.); Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania (M.T., M.P., C.S., D.N., M.G., J.S.); Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey, Pennsylvania (H.M.); Penn State Medical Center, Department of Pathology, Hershey, Pennsylvania (C.S., D.N.); Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Department of Radiology, Hershey, Pennsylvania (D.N.); Penn State Neuroscience Institute, Hershey, Pennsylvania (D.N., M.G., J.S.); Northeast Radiation Oncology, Scranton, Pennsylvania (C.S.); University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Division of Neurologic Surgery, Worcester, Massachusetts (U.U., R.M.); Department of Medical Oncology, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester, Massachusetts (S.Y.)
| | - Jonathan Glanzman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester, Massachusetts (J.V., P.R., T.F., J.G.); Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Department of Neurology, Hershey, Pennsylvania (C.D.); Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Radiation Oncology, Boston, Massachusetts (C.G.); Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania (M.T., M.P., C.S., D.N., M.G., J.S.); Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey, Pennsylvania (H.M.); Penn State Medical Center, Department of Pathology, Hershey, Pennsylvania (C.S., D.N.); Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Department of Radiology, Hershey, Pennsylvania (D.N.); Penn State Neuroscience Institute, Hershey, Pennsylvania (D.N., M.G., J.S.); Northeast Radiation Oncology, Scranton, Pennsylvania (C.S.); University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Division of Neurologic Surgery, Worcester, Massachusetts (U.U., R.M.); Department of Medical Oncology, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester, Massachusetts (S.Y.)
| | - Jonas Sheehan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester, Massachusetts (J.V., P.R., T.F., J.G.); Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Department of Neurology, Hershey, Pennsylvania (C.D.); Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Radiation Oncology, Boston, Massachusetts (C.G.); Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania (M.T., M.P., C.S., D.N., M.G., J.S.); Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey, Pennsylvania (H.M.); Penn State Medical Center, Department of Pathology, Hershey, Pennsylvania (C.S., D.N.); Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Department of Radiology, Hershey, Pennsylvania (D.N.); Penn State Neuroscience Institute, Hershey, Pennsylvania (D.N., M.G., J.S.); Northeast Radiation Oncology, Scranton, Pennsylvania (C.S.); University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Division of Neurologic Surgery, Worcester, Massachusetts (U.U., R.M.); Department of Medical Oncology, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester, Massachusetts (S.Y.)
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Crump C, Sundquist J, Sieh W, Winkleby MA, Sundquist K. Perinatal risk factors for acute myeloid leukemia. Eur J Epidemiol 2015; 30:1277-85. [PMID: 26113060 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-015-0063-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 06/18/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Infectious etiologies have been hypothesized for acute leukemias because of their high incidence in early childhood, but have seldom been examined for acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We conducted the first large cohort study to examine perinatal factors including season of birth, a proxy for perinatal infectious exposures, and risk of AML in childhood through young adulthood. A national cohort of 3,569,333 persons without Down syndrome who were born in Sweden in 1973-2008 were followed up for AML incidence through 2010 (maximum age 38 years). There were 315 AML cases in 69.7 million person-years of follow-up. We found a sinusoidal pattern in AML risk by season of birth (P < 0.001), with peak risk among persons born in winter. Relative to persons born in summer (June-August), incidence rate ratios for AML were 1.72 (95 % CI 1.25-2.38; P = 0.001) for winter (December-February), 1.37 (95 % CI 0.99-1.90; P = 0.06) for spring (March-May), and 1.27 (95 % CI 0.90-1.80; P = 0.17) for fall (September-November). Other risk factors for AML included high fetal growth, high gestational age at birth, and low maternal education level. These findings did not vary by sex or age at diagnosis. Sex, birth order, parental age, and parental country of birth were not associated with AML. In this large cohort study, birth in winter was associated with increased risk of AML in childhood through young adulthood, possibly related to immunologic effects of early infectious exposures compared with summer birth. These findings warrant further investigation of the role of seasonally varying perinatal exposures in the etiology of AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casey Crump
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University, 1265 Welch Road, MSOB X212, Stanford, CA, 94305-5411, USA.
| | - Jan Sundquist
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Clinical Research Centre (CRC), Lund University, Building 28, floor 11, Jan Waldenströms gata 35, Skåne University Hospital, SE-205 02, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Weiva Sieh
- Department of Health Research and Policy, Stanford University, HRP Redwood Building, T254B, Stanford, CA, 94305-5405, USA
| | - Marilyn A Winkleby
- Stanford Prevention Research Center, Stanford University, Medical School Office Building, 251 Campus Drive, Room X318, Stanford, CA, 94305-5411, USA
| | - Kristina Sundquist
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Clinical Research Centre (CRC), Lund University, Building 28, floor 11, Jan Waldenströms gata 35, Skåne University Hospital, SE-205 02, Malmö, Sweden
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Aziz SA, Sharma SK, Sabah I, Jan MA. Prognostic significance of cell surface phenotype in acute lymphoblastic leukemia. South Asian J Cancer 2015; 4:91-4. [PMID: 25992350 PMCID: PMC4418091 DOI: 10.4103/2278-330x.155696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Context: To find out the phenotypic character of lymphoblasts of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients in our study cohort and their possible effect on the prognosis. Aims: To investigate the phenotype in ALL in our demographic population and to prognosticate various upfront current protocols employed in our hospital. Settings and Design: The study spanned over a period of 4 years with retrospective and prospective data of January 2008 through December 2011. Materials and Methods: 159 patients of all age groups were enrolled for the study, of which flow cytometry was done in 144 patients. Statistical Analysis Used: Analysis was done using the variables on SPSS (statistical package for social sciences) software on computer. Survival curves were estimated by method of Kaplan-Meir. Results: Majority of the patients were of B-cell (68.1%) and 30.6% patients were of T-cell lineage. Of these, 80.6% patients were having cALLa positivity. Complete remission (CR) was achieved in 59.1%, 16.4% relapsed, and 20.1% patients died. Conclusions: Phenotyping has become an important and integral part of diagnosis, classification, management and prognosticating in ALL. B-cell has been found to have a better survival over T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia. cALLa antigen positivity has good impact in achieving CR in only B-cell lineage, myeloid coexpression has no significant effect on the outcome. BFM (Berlin-Frankfurt-Münster) based protocols though showed a higher CR and survival vis-a-vis UKALL-XII. However, patients enrolled in former group being of low risk category and lesser in numbers cannot be compared statistically with a fair degree of confidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiek Aejaz Aziz
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Susheel Kumar Sharma
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Iram Sabah
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - M Aleem Jan
- Deaprtment of Clinical Hematology, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
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Li SY, Ye JY, Meng FY, Li CF, Yang MO. Clinical characteristics of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in male and female patients: A retrospective analysis of 705 patients. Oncol Lett 2015; 10:453-458. [PMID: 26171050 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2015.3202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2014] [Accepted: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to compare the clinical characteristics of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) that occurred in male and female patients at one institution in Southern China. The medical electronic records of Nanfang Hospital, affiliated to Southern Medical University, were searched for patients with a definite diagnosis of ALL that were diagnosed between January 1, 2001 and December 31, 2012. The clinical data of the patients were collected and analyzed. A total of 705 eligible patients were identified. The gender ratio of male to female patients was 1.84:1. The average ages at the time of diagnosis were 16.43 and 19.54 years for male and female patients, respectively (P=0.007). No significant differences were identified in the seasonal occurrence distribution, blood group distribution or ratio for the presence of the Ph chromosome between males and females. However, a higher incidence of T-cell type ALL was identified in males (P=0.023). The present study reveals that ALL demonstrates a male predominance, but similar clinical characteristics of ALL are present in males and females in Southern China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Yi Li
- Laboratory of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China ; Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China ; Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Jie-Yu Ye
- Laboratory of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China ; Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Fan-Yi Meng
- Laboratory of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China ; Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Chun-Fu Li
- Department of Paediatrics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - M O Yang
- Laboratory of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China ; Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
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Sun J, Zheng J, Tang L, Healy J, Sinnett D, Dai YE. Association between CEBPE Variant and Childhood Acute Leukemia Risk: Evidence from a Meta-Analysis of 22 Studies. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0125657. [PMID: 25938438 PMCID: PMC4418706 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0125657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The CCAAT/enhancer binding proteins (CEBPs) have been involved in the etiology of acute leukemia (AL) and investigated in numerous genetic association studies, however, the results were inconclusive. The current meta-analysis was conducted to clarify the effect of CEBPE rs2239633 variant on childhood AL risk. Electronic literature search was performed on August 15, 2014, from databases of Medline, PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science. A total of 22 case-control studies were eligible for the pooled analysis. The results demonstrated that rs2239633 A allele was significantly associated with a decreased risk of childhood AL (A vs G: OR=0.87, 95%CI = 0.80, 0.94, p<0.001), especially in B-cell ALL subgroup (A vs G: OR = 0.79, 95%CI = 0.74, 0.83, p<0.001), but not among T-cell ALL or AML subgroups. In the stratified analysis by ethnicity, the association was observed in Europeans (A vs G: OR = 0.80, 95%CI = 0.76, 0.84, p<0.001) but not in Asian and mixed populations. Moreover, the results of sensitivity and cumulative meta-analysis indicated the robustness of our results. Also, Begg’s and Egger’s tests did not indicate any evidence of obvious asymmetry. In summary, our study provided evidence that CEBPE rs2239633 variant is associated with decreased risk of childhood B-cell ALL in Europeans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Huai’an Matenal and Child Health Hospital, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jinyu Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Huai'an, China
| | - Linjun Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongling People's Hospital, Tongling, An’hui, People's Republic of China
| | - Jasmine Healy
- Sainte-Justine University Hospital Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Daniel Sinnett
- Sainte-Justine University Hospital Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Yue-e Dai
- Nanjing Children’s Hospital, Affiliated with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail:
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Gustafsson BM. Different aspects of stem cell procedures in children with poor responding AML: when is HSCT the best answer? Int J Hematol Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.2217/ijh.15.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia in children is a heterogeneous disease with different morphological and cytogenetic features. New diagnostic tools and treatments, improved supportive care and the use of genomic tissue typing in selecting donors for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) adds to increased survival rates. Candidates to HSCT in first complete remission are patients with cytogenetic or molecular unfavorable prognostic markers, or blasts >15% after first induction. The use of minimal residual disease can also identify children benefiting from HSCT in first complete remission and the patients post HSCT with signs of relapse. The outcome and cure rate of acute myeloid leukemia, still remains poor and new diagnostic tools and treatments strategies need to be evaluated. In this management perspective, future management of novel minimal residual disease tools are discussed, conditioning therapies, as well as different transplantation procedures including haplo-transplantation and haplo-identical natural killer cell transplantation, but also altered graft-versus-host-disease treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Britt M Gustafsson
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention & Technology, CLINTEC, Karolinska Institutet, SE141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
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41
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Philbrook NA, Winn LM. Isolation of Murine Adult Bone Marrow and Fetal Liver Cells for Mechanistic Assessment of Hematotoxicity Caused by Organic Solvents. OXIDATIVE STRESS IN APPLIED BASIC RESEARCH AND CLINICAL PRACTICE 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-19096-9_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Raj A, Talukdar S, Das S, Gogoi PK, Das D, Bhattacharya J. Congenital leukemia. Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus 2014; 30:159-61. [PMID: 25332567 PMCID: PMC4192207 DOI: 10.1007/s12288-013-0307-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2013] [Accepted: 10/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital leukemia is a rare but a well-documented disease in which leukemic process is detected at birth or very shortly thereafter (Philip McCoy and Roy Overton, Commun Clin Cytom 22:85-88, 1995). These leukemias represent approximately 0.8 % of all childhood leukemias. We present a case of congenital acute myeloid leukemia manifesting from the very first day of birth. Diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia was suspected by the presence of blasts in the peripheral blood smear and was confirmed on bone marrow by flowcytometry. Karyotyping revealed Trisomy 21.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aishwarya Raj
- />Department of Pathology, Gauhati Medical College and Hospital, Guwahati, Assam India
| | - Sewali Talukdar
- />Department of Clinical Haematology, Gauhati Medical College and Hospital, Guwahati, Assam India
| | - Smita Das
- />Department of Clinical Haematology, Gauhati Medical College and Hospital, Guwahati, Assam India
| | - Pabitra Kumar Gogoi
- />Department of Clinical Haematology, Gauhati Medical College and Hospital, Guwahati, Assam India
| | - Damodar Das
- />Department of Clinical Haematology, Gauhati Medical College and Hospital, Guwahati, Assam India
| | - Jina Bhattacharya
- />Department of Clinical Haematology, Gauhati Medical College and Hospital, Guwahati, Assam India
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43
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Kennedy AE, Kamdar KY, Lupo PJ, Okcu MF, Scheurer ME, Dorak MT. Genetic markers in a multi-ethnic sample for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia risk. Leuk Lymphoma 2014; 56:169-74. [DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2014.910662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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44
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Settin A, Al Haggar M, Al Dosoky T, Al Baz R, Abdelrazik N, Fouda M, Aref S, Al-Tonbary Y. Prognostic cytogenetic markers in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: Cases from Mansoura Egypt. Hematology 2013; 12:103-11. [PMID: 17454190 DOI: 10.1080/10245330600954056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of the work was to evaluate children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) showing resistance to immediate induction chemotherapy in relation to conventional and advanced cytogenetic analysis. The study was conducted on 63 ALL children (40 males and 23 females) with age range 4.5 months-16 years (mean = 7.76 years). They included 37 cases who attained a true remission and 26 complicated by failure of remission, early relapse or death. They were subjected to history, clinical examination and investigations including CBC, BM examination, karyotyping, FISH for translocations and flowcytometry for immunophenotyping and minimal residual disease diagnosis. Cases aged < 5 years; male sex with organomegaly had better remission although statistically insignificant. Initially low HB < 8 gm/dl, high WBCs and platelet counts >50.000/mm(3) also showed better but non-significant remission rates. Most of our cases were L(2) with better remission compared to other immunophenotypes. About 40 informative karyotypes were subdivided into 15 hypodiploid, 10 pseudodiploid, 8 normal diploid and 7 hyperdiploid cases; the best remission rates were noticed among the most frequent ploidy patterns. Chromosomes 9, 11 and 22 were the most frequently involved by structural aberrations followed by chromosomes 5, 12 and 17. Resistance was noted with aberrations not encountered among remission group; deletions involving chromosomes 2p, 3q, 10p and 12q; translocations involving chromosome 5; trisomies of chromosomes 16 and 21; monosomies of 5 and X and inversions of 5 and 11. Our conclusions were that cytogenetic and molecular characterizations of childhood ALL could add prognostic criteria for proper therapy allocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Settin
- Genetic Unit, Mansoura University Children's Hospital, Mansoura, Egypt
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Settin A, Al Haggar M, Al Dosoky T, Al Baz R, Abdelrazik N, Fouda M, Aref S, Al-Tonbary Y. Prognostic cytogenetic markers in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: Cases from Mansoura, Egypt. Hematology 2013; 11:341-9. [PMID: 17607584 DOI: 10.1080/10245330600938174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) showing resistance to immediate induction chemotherapy in relation to conventional and advanced cytogenetic analysis. SUBJECTS AND METHODS This work was conducted on 63 ALL children (40 males and 23 females) with age range 4.5 months-16 years (mean = 7.76 years). They included 37 cases who attained true remission and 26 complicated by failure of remission, early relapse or death. They were subjected to history, clinical examination and investigations including CBC, BM examination, karyotyping, FISH for translocations and flow cytometry for immunophenotyping and minimal residual disease diagnosis. RESULTS Cases aged < 5 years; male sex with organomegaly had better remission although statistically insignificant. Initially low Hb < 8 gm/dl, high WBCs and platelet counts > 50,000/mm(3) also showed better but non-significant remission rates. Most of our cases were L(2) with better remission compared to other immunophenotypes. Forty informative karyotypes were subdivided into 15 hypodiploid, 10 pseudodiploid, 8 normal diploid and 7 hyperdiploid cases; the best remission rates were noticed among the most frequent ploidy patterns. Chromosomes 9, 11 and 22 were the most frequently involved by structural aberrations followed by chromosomes 5, 12 and 17. Resistance was noted with aberrations not encountered among remission group; deletions involving chromosomes 2p, 3q, 10p and 12q; translocations involving chromosome 5; trisomies of chromosomes 16 and 21; monosomies of 5 and X and inversions of 5 and 11. CONCLUSIONS Cytogenetic and molecular characterizations of childhood ALL may add prognostic criteria for optimal therapy allocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Settin
- Genetic Unit, Mansoura University Children's Hospital, Egypt
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Cooper TM, Razzouk BI, Gerbing R, Alonzo TA, Adlard K, Raetz E, Gamis AS, Perentesis J, Whitlock JA. Phase I/II trial of clofarabine and cytarabine in children with relapsed/refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia (AAML0523): a report from the Children's Oncology Group. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2013; 60:1141-7. [PMID: 23335239 PMCID: PMC4605828 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.24398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2012] [Accepted: 10/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The discovery of effective re-induction regimens for children with more than one relapse of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) remains elusive. The novel nucleoside analog clofarabine exhibits modest single agent efficacy in relapsed ALL, though optimal combinations of this agent with other active chemotherapy drugs have not yet been defined. Herein we report the response rates of relapsed ALL patients treated on Children's Oncology Group study AAML0523, a Phase I/II study of the combination of clofarabine and cytarabine. PROCEDURE AAML0523 enrolled 21 children with ALL in second or third relapse, or those refractory to re-induction therapy. The study consisted of two phases: a dose finding phase and an efficacy phase. The dose finding portion consisted of a single dose escalation/de-escalation of clofarabine for 5 days in combination with a fixed dose of cytarabine (1 g/m(2)/day for 5 days). Eight patients received clofarabine at 40 mg/m(2)/day and 13 patients at 52 mg/m(2)/day. RESULTS Toxicities observed at all doses of clofarabine were typical of intensive chemotherapy regimens for leukemia, with infection being the most common. We did not observe significant hepatotoxicity as reported in other clofarabine combination regimens. The recommended pediatric Phase II dose of clofarabine in combination with cytarabine for the efficacy portion of AAML0523 was 52 mg/m(2). Of 21 patients with ALL, 3 (14%) achieved a complete response (CR). Based on the two-stage design definition of first-stage inactivity, the therapy was deemed ineffective. CONCLUSION The combination of clofarabine and cytarabine in relapsed/refractory childhood ALL does not warrant further clinical investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Todd M. Cooper
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center/Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta/Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia,Correspondence to: Todd M. Cooper, DO, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center/Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta/Emory University, 2015 Uppergate Dr. NE, 4th Floor, Atlanta, GA 30322.
| | - Bassem I. Razzouk
- Children’s Center for Cancer and Blood Diseases, Peyton Manning Children’s Hospital at St Vincent, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | | | - Todd A. Alonzo
- Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | | | - Elizabeth Raetz
- Division of Hematology–Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, New York University School of Medicine and Cancer Institute, New York, New York
| | - Alan S. Gamis
- Children’s Mercy Hospital and Clinics, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - John Perentesis
- Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - James A. Whitlock
- Garron Family Cancer Center, Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Ehsanipour EA, Sheng X, Behan JW, Wang X, Butturini A, Avramis VI, Mittelman SD. Adipocytes cause leukemia cell resistance to L-asparaginase via release of glutamine. Cancer Res 2013; 73:2998-3006. [PMID: 23585457 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-12-4402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a significant risk factor for cancer. A link between obesity and a childhood cancer has been identified: obese children diagnosed with high-risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) had a 50% greater risk of relapse than their lean counterparts. l-asparaginase (ASNase) is a first-line therapy for ALL that breaks down asparagine and glutamine, exploiting the fact that ALL cells are more dependent on these amino acids than other cells. In the present study, we investigated whether adipocytes, which produce significant quantities of glutamine, may counteract the effects of ASNase. In children being treated for high-risk ALL, obesity was not associated with altered plasma levels of asparagine or glutamine. However, glutamine synthetase was markedly increased in bone marrow adipocytes after induction chemotherapy. Obesity substantially impaired ASNase efficacy in mice transplanted with syngeneic ALL cells and, like in humans, without affecting plasma asparagine or glutamine levels. In coculture, adipocytes inhibited leukemic cell cytotoxicity induced by ASNase, and this protection was dependent on glutamine secretion. These findings suggest that adipocytes work in conjunction with other cells of the leukemia microenvironment to protect leukemia cells during ASNase treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan A Ehsanipour
- Division of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA
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Mazloumi SHM, Kumari P, Madhumathi DS, Appaji L. Rare and recurrent chromosomal abnormalities and their clinical relevance in pediatric acute leukemia of south Indian population. Indian J Med Paediatr Oncol 2012; 33:166-9. [PMID: 23248423 PMCID: PMC3523474 DOI: 10.4103/0971-5851.103144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES This cytogenetic study detects a wide variety of common, rare and novel chromosomal abnormalities in patients with hematological disorders, providing valuable diagnostic and prognostic information. MATERIALS AND METHODS We addressed the utility of the cytogenetic technique in 50 patients of pediatric acute leukemia prospectively. RESULTS Successful cultures were found in 44 patients (88%) and abnormal karyotypes in 22 (44%). The common abnormalities like hyperdiploidy, del(6q), t(1;19)(q23;p13), t(4;11)(q22;q23), t(9;22)(q34;q11), rare t(2;7)(q23;p11) and t(4;12)(q21;p13) and a novel translocation t(7;9)(q22;q21) were observed in acute lymphoblastic leukemia. In acute myeloid leukemia, t(8;21)(q22;q22), del(16)(q22), t(15;17)(q22;q21) and t(9;11)(p22;q23) were commonly seen. CONCLUSION Chromosomal abnormalities of this small group of patients are compared with the relevant literature with respect to the incidence rate and prognosis.
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Current evidence for an inherited genetic basis of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Int J Hematol 2012; 97:3-19. [DOI: 10.1007/s12185-012-1220-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2012] [Accepted: 10/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Cancer in childhood, adolescence, and young adults: a population-based study of changes in risk of cancer death during four decades in Norway. Cancer Causes Control 2012; 23:1297-305. [PMID: 22706693 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-012-0007-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2012] [Accepted: 05/30/2012] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cancer is one of the most common causes of death among young individuals. The purpose of this study was to explore the risk of early death (the first five years after diagnosis) among children (0-14 years), adolescents (15-19 years), and young adults (20-24 years) with cancer in Norway, born during 1965-1985. METHODS The overall and cancer-specific early deaths were explored by linking population-based national registers (including the Cancer Registry of Norway and the Cause of Death Registry) that include the entire population of Norway (approximately 1.3 million individuals). Hazard and sub-hazard ratios were estimated using Cox regression analyses and competing risk models. RESULTS A total of 5,828 individuals were diagnosed with cancer (56.3 % males). During follow-up, 1,415 individuals died from cancer (60.2 % males) within five years after diagnosis. The hazard ratio (HR) of overall death of the cancer patients relative to the general population decreased from 1965 (from HR, 385.8 (95 % confidence interval (CI): 335.3, 443.4) in 1965-74 to HR, 19.7 (CI: 9.3, 41.5) in 2005-09). Over all, there were fewer cancer-related deaths among female compared with male patients (sub-hazard ratio (SHR), 0.83 (CI: 0.74, 0.92)). Except for all hematopoietic malignancies, adolescents and young adult patients had lower risk of cancer death than children. CONCLUSION The difference in risk of cancer and overall deaths between the cancer patients and the general population has been substantially reduced since 1965.
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