1
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Dobrynina EA, Zykova VA, Surovtsev NV. In-plane and out-of-plane gigahertz sound velocities of saturated and unsaturated phospholipid bilayers from cryogenic to room temperatures. Chem Phys Lipids 2023; 256:105335. [PMID: 37579988 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2023.105335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Here, we examined the gigahertz sound velocities of hydrated multibilayers of saturated (1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, DMPC) and unsaturated (1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, DOPC) phospholipids by Brillouin spectroscopy. Out-of-plane and in-plane (lateral) phonons were studied independently of each other. Similar strong temperature dependences of the sound velocities were found for phonons of both types. The sound velocities in the low-temperature limit were two-fold higher than that at physiological temperatures; a significant part of the changes in sound velocity occurs in the solid-like gel phase. The factors that may be involved in the peculiar behavior of sound velocity include changes in the chain conformational state, relaxation susceptibility, changes in the elastic modulus at infinite frequencies, and lateral packing of molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- E A Dobrynina
- Institute of Automation and Electrometry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - V A Zykova
- Institute of Automation and Electrometry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - N V Surovtsev
- Institute of Automation and Electrometry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
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2
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Alunni Cardinali M, Cartechini L, Paolantoni M, Miliani C, Fioretto D, Pensabene Buemi L, Comez L, Rosi F. Microscale mechanochemical characterization of drying oil films by in situ correlative Brillouin and Raman spectroscopy. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabo4221. [PMID: 35767625 PMCID: PMC9242584 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abo4221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Correlative Brillouin and Raman microspectroscopy (BRaMS) is applied for the in situ monitoring of the chemical and physical changes of linseed oil during polymerization. The viscoelastic properties of the drying oil throughout the phase transition were determined by Brillouin light scattering (BLS) and joined to the Raman spectroscopic information about the chemical process responsible for the oil hardening. A comparative study was then performed on an oil mock-up containing ZnO, one of the most common white pigments used in cultural heritage. The intriguing outcomes open new research perspectives for a deeper comprehension of the processes leading to the conversion of a fluid binder into a dry adhering film. The description of both chemical and structural properties of the polymeric network and their evolution are the basis for a better understanding of oil painting degradation. Last, as a feasibility test, BRaMS was applied to study a precious microfragment from J. Pollock's masterpiece Alchemy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Alunni Cardinali
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto, 6 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Laura Cartechini
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Technologies-SCITEC, National Research Council-CNR, Via Elce di Sotto, Perugia I-06123, Italy
| | - Marco Paolantoni
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto, 6 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Costanza Miliani
- Institute of Heritage Science-ISPC, National Research Council-CNR, Via Cardinale Guglielmo Sanfelice 8, 80134 Napoli (NA), Italy
| | - Daniele Fioretto
- Department of Physics and Geology, University of Perugia, Via Pascoli, Perugia I-06123, Italy
- Istituto Officina dei Materiali-IOM, National Research Council-CNR, Via Pascoli, Perugia I-06123, Italy
| | | | - Lucia Comez
- Istituto Officina dei Materiali-IOM, National Research Council-CNR, Via Pascoli, Perugia I-06123, Italy
| | - Francesca Rosi
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Technologies-SCITEC, National Research Council-CNR, Via Elce di Sotto, Perugia I-06123, Italy
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3
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Gandolfi M, Liu L, Zhang P, Kouyaté M, Salenbien R, Banfi F, Glorieux C. Revisiting impulsive stimulated thermal scattering in supercooled liquids: Relaxation of specific heat and thermal expansion. J Chem Phys 2021; 155:164501. [PMID: 34717363 DOI: 10.1063/5.0063805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Impulsive stimulated thermal scattering (ISTS) allows one to access the structural relaxation dynamics in supercooled molecular liquids on a time scale ranging from nanoseconds to milliseconds. Till now, a heuristic semi-empirical model has been commonly adopted to account for the ISTS signals. This model implicitly assumes that the relaxation of specific heat, C, and thermal expansion coefficient, γ, occur on the same time scale and accounts for them via a single stretched exponential. This work proposes two models that assume disentangled relaxations, respectively, based on the Debye and Havriliak-Negami assumptions for the relaxation spectrum and explicitly accounting for the relaxation of C and γ separately in the ISTS response. A theoretical analysis was conducted to test and compare the disentangled relaxation models against the stretched exponential. The former models were applied to rationalize the experimental ISTS signals acquired on supercooled glycerol. This allows us to simultaneously retrieve the frequency-dependent specific heat and thermal expansion up to the sub-100 MHz frequency range and further to compare the fragility and time scale probed by thermal, mechanical, and dielectric susceptibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Gandolfi
- CNR-INO (National Institute of Optics), Via Branze 45, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Liwang Liu
- Laboratory of Soft Matter and Biophysics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Pengfei Zhang
- Laboratory of Soft Matter and Biophysics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mansour Kouyaté
- Laboratory of Soft Matter and Biophysics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Francesco Banfi
- FemtoNanoOptics Group, Université de Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut Lumière Matière, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Christ Glorieux
- Laboratory of Soft Matter and Biophysics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
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4
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Ngai KL. Why the Brillouin Light Scattering Relaxation Times of Molten Zinc Chloride Are Shorter and Weaker in Temperature Dependence than the Structural Relaxation Times from Depolarized Light and Neutron Spin Echo Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:2759-2763. [PMID: 33759529 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c00761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A longstanding problem in the Brillouin light scattering (BLS) study of polymers is the relaxation times τBLS(T) being more than an order of magnitude shorter than the α-relaxation times τα(T) determined by dielectric, depolarized light scattering (DLS), and molecular dynamics simulations. In tackling the problem, τBLS(T) was identified with the relaxation time τ0(T) of the primitive relaxation in the coupling model, which can be calculated from τα(T) and the stretch exponent βK of the Kohlrausch correlation function for the α-relaxation.. The problem was solved by finding that indeed τ0(T) is in good agreement with τBLS(T). A recent work performed the neutron spin echo study of the structural α-relaxation of the network ionic liquid ZnCl2 and found the same anomaly as polymers. The α-relaxation time τNSE(T) from neutron spin echo (NSE) as well as the α-relaxation time τDLS(T) from DLS of ZnCl2 are much longer than τBLS(T) from BLS obtained before by several research groups. The finding of the same anomaly in ZnCl2 and polymers with very different chemical and physical structures offers an opportunity to critically test the explanation given before. The test was carried out by calculating the primitive relaxation times τ0,DLS(T) and τ0,NSE(T) from τDLS(T) and τNSE(T), respectively, in zinc chloride. Good agreements of τBLS(T) from BLS with τ0,DLS(T) and τ0,NSE(T) were found and thus the explanation given for polymers remains valid for ZnCl2. The test was extended to glycerol by comparing τBLS(T) with τ0,ICNS(T) and τ0,CNS(T) calculated from the α-relaxation time τICNS(T) and τCNS(T) from incoherent and coherent neutron scattering, respectively. There is good agreement between τBLS(T) and τ0,ICNS(T) in glycerol. There is also semiquantitative agreement of τBLS(T) with τ0,DS(T) from dielectric spectroscopy as well as τ0,CNS(T). Thus, the explanation for polymers is verified in the two very different glass formers, ZnCl2 and glycerol, and it is an advancement in the application of BLS to study the dynamics of glass formers.
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Affiliation(s)
- K L Ngai
- CNR-IPCF, Largo Bruno Pontecorvo 3, Pisa I-56127, Italy
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5
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Rolle K, Butt HJ, Fytas G. Flash Brillouin Scattering: A Confocal Technique for Measuring Glass Transitions at High Scan Rates. ACS PHOTONICS 2021; 8:531-539. [PMID: 33634207 PMCID: PMC7898954 DOI: 10.1021/acsphotonics.0c01533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Glass transition temperatures T g are most commonly measured by differential scanning calorimetry, a method that has been extended to the flash scanning calorimetry (FSC) regime by reducing sample volumes. However, significant manual preparation effort can render FSC impractical for, e.g., local probing of spatially heterogeneous specimens. Another strategy can be to select a small volume by focusing down a laser beam, where Brillouin Light Scattering (BLS) is a proven method for confocal T g measurement. Here, we introduce Flash Brillouin Scattering, which extends BLS to fast scan rates, achieved by periodically heating the probed region with an infrared laser. For comparison with conventional BLS, we first characterize T g of pure glycerol, and show how rapid quenching produces a less packed glass with downshifted sound velocity. We then turn toward its aqueous solutions, which crystallize too fast for a nonflash approach, and demonstrate scan rates in excess of 105 K/s. These results are of interest not only because glycerol is a model system for hydrogen-bonded glass formers, but also because of its applications as a cryoprotectant for frozen biological samples. Light scattering studies of the latter, currently limited to cryo-Raman spectroscopy, are likely to be complemented by the technique introduced here.
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6
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Strain-induced violation of temperature uniformity in mesoscale liquids. Sci Rep 2020; 10:13340. [PMID: 32770000 PMCID: PMC7414207 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-69404-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Thermo-elasticity couples the deformation of an elastic (solid) body to its temperature and vice-versa. It is a solid-like property. Highlighting such property in liquids is a paradigm shift: it requires long-range collective interactions that are not considered in current liquid descriptions. The present microthermal studies provide evidence for such solid-like correlations. It is shown that ordinary liquids emit a modulated thermal signal when applying a low frequency (Hz) mechanical shear stress. The liquid splits in several tenths microns wide hot and cold thermal bands, all varying synchronously and separately with the applied stress wave reaching a sizable amplitude of ± 0.2 °C. Thermomechanical coupling challenges fluid dynamics: it reveals that the liquid does not dissipate the energy of shear waves at low frequency, but converts it in non-uniform thermodynamic states. The dynamic thermal changes work in an adiabatic way supporting the hypothesis of the excitation of macroscopic elastic correlations whose range is limited to several tens of microns, in accordance with recent non-extensive theoretical models. The proof of thermomechanical coupling opens the way to a new generation of energy-efficient temperature converters.
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7
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Ngai KL, Fytas G. Why the Relaxation Times of Polymers from Brillouin Light Spectroscopy Are Much Shorter than the Primary α-Relaxation Times. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b01849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. L. Ngai
- CNR-IPCF, Dipartimento di Fisica, Largo Bruno Pontecorvo 3, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - George Fytas
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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8
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Abstract
Brillouin spectroscopy and imaging are emerging techniques in analytical science, biophotonics, and biomedicine. They are based on Brillouin light scattering from acoustic waves or phonons in the GHz range, providing a nondestructive contactless probe of the mechanics on a microscale. Novel approaches and applications of these techniques to the field of biomedical sciences are discussed, highlighting the theoretical foundations and experimental methods that have been developed to date. Acknowledging that this is a fast moving field, a comprehensive account of the relevant literature is critically assessed here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Palombo
- School
of Physics and Astronomy, University of
Exeter, Stocker Road, EX4 4QL Exeter, U.K.
| | - Daniele Fioretto
- Department
of Physics and Geology, University of Perugia, via Alessandro Pascoli, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
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9
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Nature of intramolecular dynamics in protic ionic glass-former: insight from ambient and high pressure Brillouin spectroscopy. J Mol Liq 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.02.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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10
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Mattana S, Caponi S, Tamagnini F, Fioretto D, Palombo F. Viscoelasticity of amyloid plaques in transgenic mouse brain studied by Brillouin microspectroscopy and correlative Raman analysis. JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE OPTICAL HEALTH SCIENCES 2017; 10:1742001. [PMID: 29151920 PMCID: PMC5687568 DOI: 10.1142/s1793545817420019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Amyloidopathy is one of the most prominent hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD), the leading cause of dementia worldwide, and is characterized by the accumulation of amyloid plaques in the brain parenchyma. The plaques consist of abnormal deposits mainly composed of an aggregation-prone protein fragment, β-amyloid 1-40/1-42, into the extracellular matrix. Brillouin microspectroscopy is an all-optical contactless technique that is based on the interaction between visible light and longitudinal acoustic waves or phonons, giving access to the viscoelasticity of a sample on a subcellular scale. Here, we describe the first application of micromechanical mapping based on Brillouin scattering spectroscopy to probe the stiffness of individual amyloid plaques in the hippocampal part of the brain of a β-amyloid overexpressing transgenic mouse. Correlative analysis based on Brillouin and Raman microspectroscopy showed that amyloid plaques have a complex structure with a rigid core of β-pleated sheet conformation (β-amyloid) protein surrounded by a softer ring-shaped region richer in lipids and other protein conformations. These preliminary results give a new insight into the plaque biophysics and biomechanics, and a valuable contrast mechanism for the study and diagnosis of amyloidopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Mattana
- Department of Physics and Geology, University of Perugia, Perugia I-06123, Italy
| | - Silvia Caponi
- Istituto Officina dei Materiali del CNR (CNR-IOM) - Unità di Perugia Department of Physics and Geology, University of Perugia, Perugia I-06123, Italy
| | - Francesco Tamagnini
- Hatherly Laboratories, Medical School University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4PS, UK
| | - Daniele Fioretto
- Department of Physics and Geology, University of Perugia, Perugia I-06123, Italy
| | - Francesca Palombo
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QL, UK
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11
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Ahart M, Aihaiti D, Hemley RJ, Kojima S. Pressure Dependence of the Boson Peak of Glassy Glycerol. J Phys Chem B 2017; 121:6667-6672. [PMID: 28561592 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.7b01993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The pressure dependence of the boson peak (BP) of glycerol, including its behavior across the liquid-glass transition, has been studied using Raman scattering. A significant increase of the BP frequency was observed with pressure up to 11 GPa at room temperature. The pressure dependence of BP frequency νBP is proportional to (1+P/P0)1/3, where P and P0 are the pressure and a constant, respectively, consistent with a soft potential model. The characteristic length of medium range order is close in size to a cyclic trimer of glycerol molecules, as predicted by the medium range order of a BP excitation using molecular dynamics simulations, and the pressure dependence of a characteristic medium range order is nearly constant. The pressure induced structural changes in glycerol can be understood in terms of the shrinkage of voids with cyclic trimers persisting to at least 11 GPa. Pressure dependence of the intermolecular O-H stretching mode indicates that the intermolecular hydrogen bond distances gradually decrease up to the glass transition pressure of ∼5 GPa and become nearly constant in the glassy state, indicating the disappearance of free volume in the dense glass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhtar Ahart
- Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington , Washington D.C. 20015, United States
| | - Dilare Aihaiti
- College of Science, George Mason University , Fairfax, Virginia 22030, United States
| | - Russell J Hemley
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The George Washington University , Washington D.C. 20052, United States
| | - Seiji Kojima
- Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba , Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
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12
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Chaban I, Shin HD, Klieber C, Busselez R, Gusev VE, Nelson KA, Pezeril T. Time-domain Brillouin scattering for the determination of laser-induced temperature gradients in liquids. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2017; 88:074904. [PMID: 28764524 DOI: 10.1063/1.4993132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
We present an optical technique based on ultrafast photoacoustics to determine the local temperature distribution profile in liquid samples in contact with a laser heated optical transducer. This ultrafast pump-probe experiment uses time-domain Brillouin scattering (TDBS) to locally determine the light scattering frequency shift. As the temperature influences the Brillouin scattering frequency, the TDBS signal probes the local laser-induced temperature distribution in the liquid. We demonstrate the relevance and the sensitivity of this technique for the measurement of the absolute laser-induced temperature gradient of a glass forming liquid prototype, glycerol, at different laser pump powers-i.e., different steady state background temperatures. Complementarily, our experiments illustrate how this TDBS technique can be applied to measure thermal diffusion in complex multilayer systems in contact with a surrounding liquid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ievgeniia Chaban
- Institut Molécules et Matériaux du Mans, UMR CNRS 6283, Université du Maine, 72085 Le Mans, France
| | - Hyun D Shin
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Christoph Klieber
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Rémi Busselez
- Institut Molécules et Matériaux du Mans, UMR CNRS 6283, Université du Maine, 72085 Le Mans, France
| | - Vitalyi E Gusev
- Laboratoire d'Acoustique de l'Université du Maine, UMR CNRS 6613, Université du Maine, 72085 Le Mans, France
| | - Keith A Nelson
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Thomas Pezeril
- Institut Molécules et Matériaux du Mans, UMR CNRS 6283, Université du Maine, 72085 Le Mans, France
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13
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Matyushov DV, Richert R. Communication: Temperature derivative of the dielectric constant gives access to multipoint correlations in polar liquids. J Chem Phys 2016; 144:041102. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4941089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry V. Matyushov
- Department of Physics and School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, P.O. Box 871504, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA
| | - Ranko Richert
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, P.O. Box 871604, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA
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14
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Busselez R, Pezeril T, Gusev VE. Structural heterogeneities at the origin of acoustic and transport anomalies in glycerol glass-former. J Chem Phys 2015; 140:234505. [PMID: 24952550 DOI: 10.1063/1.4883504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
By means of large scale molecular dynamics simulations, we explore mesoscopic properties of prototypical glycerol glass-former above and below the glass transition. The model used, in excellent agreement with various experimental techniques, permits to carefully study the structure and the vibrational dynamics. We find that a medium range order is present in glycerol glass-former and arises from hydrogen bond network extension. The characteristic size of the structural heterogeneities is related to the anomalous properties of acoustic vibrations (Rayleigh scattering, "mode softening," and Boson Peak) in the glassy state. Finally the characteristic size of these heterogeneities, nearly constant in temperature, is also connected to the cross-over between structural relaxation and diffusion in liquid glycerol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rémi Busselez
- Institut des Molécules et Matériaux du Mans UMR-CNRS 6283, Université du Maine, Le Mans, France
| | - Thomas Pezeril
- Institut des Molécules et Matériaux du Mans UMR-CNRS 6283, Université du Maine, Le Mans, France
| | - Vitalyi E Gusev
- Laboratoire d'Acoustique de l'Université du Maine, UMR-CNRS 6613 Université du Maine, Le Mans, France
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15
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Rabochiy P, Wolynes PG, Lubchenko V. Microscopically based calculations of the free energy barrier and dynamic length scale in supercooled liquids: the comparative role of configurational entropy and elasticity. J Phys Chem B 2013; 117:15204-19. [PMID: 24195747 DOI: 10.1021/jp409502k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
We compute the temperature-dependent barrier for α-relaxations in several liquids, without adjustable parameters, using experimentally determined elastic, structural, and calorimetric data. We employ the random first order transition (RFOT) theory, in which relaxation occurs via activated reconfigurations between distinct, aperiodic minima of the free energy. Two different approximations for the mismatch penalty between the distinct aperiodic states are compared, one due to Xia and Wolynes (Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 2000, 97, 2990), which scales universally with temperature as for hard spheres, and one due to Rabochiy and Lubchenko (J. Chem. Phys. 2013, 138, 12A534), which employs measured elastic and structural data for individual substances. The agreement between the predictions and experiment is satisfactory, given the uncertainty in the measured experimental inputs. The explicitly computed barriers are used to calculate the glass transition temperature for each substance--a kinetic quantity--from the static input data alone. The temperature dependence of both the elastic and structural constants enters the temperature dependence of the barrier over an extended range to a degree that varies from substance to substance. The lowering of the configurational entropy, however, seems to be the dominant contributor to the barrier increase near the laboratory glass transition, consistent with previous experimental tests of the RFOT theory using the XW approximation. In addition, we compute the temperature dependence of the dynamical correlation length, also without using adjustable parameters. These agree well with experimental estimates obtained using the Berthier et al. (Science 2005, 310, 1797) procedure. Finally, we find the temperature dependence of the complexity of a rearranging region is consistent with the picture based on the RFOT theory but is in conflict with the assumptions of the Adam-Gibbs and "shoving" scenarios for the viscous slowing down in supercooled liquids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pyotr Rabochiy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston , Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
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16
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Rabochiy P, Lubchenko V. Microscopic calculation of the free energy cost for activated transport in glass-forming liquids. J Chem Phys 2013; 138:12A534. [PMID: 23556785 DOI: 10.1063/1.4790399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Activated transport in liquids--supercooled liquids in particular--occurs via mutual nucleation of alternative, aperiodic minima of the free energy. Xia and Wolynes [Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 97, 2990 (2000)] have made a general argument that at temperatures near the ideal glass transition, the surface penalty for this kind of nucleation is largely determined by the temperature and the logarithm of the size of the vibrational fluctuation of rigid molecular units about the local minimum. Here, we independently show how to estimate this surface tension and, hence, the activation barrier for the activated transport for several actual liquids, using their structure factors and knowledge of the finite-frequency elastic constants. In this estimate, the activation free energy, while depending on the configurational entropy, also depends on the elastic modulus as in the "shoving" models. The resulting estimates are however consistent with the estimate provided by Xia and Wolynes' argument near the glass transition and, in addition, reflect the barrier softening effects predicted earlier for fragile substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pyotr Rabochiy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, USA
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17
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Klieber C, Hecksher T, Pezeril T, Torchinsky DH, Dyre JC, Nelson KA. Mechanical spectra of glass-forming liquids. II. Gigahertz-frequency longitudinal and shear acoustic dynamics in glycerol and DC704 studied by time-domain Brillouin scattering. J Chem Phys 2013; 138:12A544. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4789948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
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18
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Comez L, Lupi L, Paolantoni M, Picchiò F, Fioretto D. Hydration properties of small hydrophobic molecules by Brillouin light scattering. J Chem Phys 2013; 137:114509. [PMID: 22998273 DOI: 10.1063/1.4752732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We study the relaxation of water molecules next to hydrophobic solutes with different functional groups by Brillouin light scattering. Evidence is given for (i) water activation energy in trimethylamine-N-oxide, proline and t-butyl alcohol diluted solutions which is comparable to that of neat water, almost independent from solute mole fraction and (ii) moderate slowdown of relaxation time of proximal water compared to the bulk, which is consistent with excluded volume models. Assuming that the main contribution to viscosity comes from bulk and hydration water, a rationale is given of the phenomenological Arrhenius' laws for the viscosity of diluted aqueous solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Comez
- IOM-CNR, c/o Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Perugia, I-06123, Perugia, Italy
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19
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Comez L, Corezzi S, Orecchini A, Paciaroni A, Petrillo C, Santucci S, Sacchetti F, Fioretto D. A comparison between acoustic compliance and self-particle susceptibility in associated liquids: The case of water and glycerol. J Mol Liq 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2012.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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20
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Rabochiy P, Lubchenko V. Liquid State Elasticity and the Onset of Activated Transport in Glass Formers. J Phys Chem B 2012; 116:5729-37. [DOI: 10.1021/jp300681y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pyotr Rabochiy
- Departments of †Chemistry and ‡Physics, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United
States
| | - Vassiliy Lubchenko
- Departments of †Chemistry and ‡Physics, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United
States
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21
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Rabochiy P, Lubchenko V. Universality of the onset of activated transport in Lennard-Jones liquids with tunable coordination: Implications for the effects of pressure and directional bonding on the crossover to activated transport, configurational entropy, and fragility of glassforming liquids. J Chem Phys 2012; 136:084504. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3687166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
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22
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Vialla R, Rufflé B, Guimbretière G, Vacher R. Eliminating the broadening by finite aperture in Brillouin spectroscopy. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2011; 82:113110. [PMID: 22128969 DOI: 10.1063/1.3663072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We present a new optical arrangement which allows to avoid the broadening by finite aperture in Brillouin spectroscopy. In this system, all the rays scattered at the same angle by the whole scattering volume are collected on a single pixel of the area detector. This allows to use large collection angles, increasing the luminosity without lowering the accuracy of the frequency-shift and linewidth measurements. Several results of experimental checks are provided, showing the efficiency of the device.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Vialla
- Université Montpellier 2, Laboratoire Charles Coulomb UMR 5221, F-34095, Montpellier, France
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23
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Ko JH, Kim TH, Lee KS, Kojima S. Brillouin scattering study on crystalline and glassy states of anti-inflammatory racemic S(+)–R(−) ibuprofen. Chem Phys Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2011.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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24
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Benassi P, Nardone M, Giugni A. Sound dispersion and attenuation in concentrated H2SO4 by visible and ultraviolet Brillouin spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 2011; 135:034503. [PMID: 21787009 DOI: 10.1063/1.3609975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The acoustic properties of highly concentrated H(2)SO(4) are investigated performing visible and ultraviolet Brillouin scattering measurements. We analyzed the isotropic and anisotropic spectra of this molecular liquid in a wide temperature and exchanged wavector range in order to study the evolution of its sound velocity and viscosity. This allows us to extract the parameters required to describe its viscoelastic relaxation behavior. We found that the behavior of the hydrodynamic parameters of this molecular liquid shares some similarities with that of water indicating a rather high increase of sound velocity if compared to that measured by ultrasonics.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Benassi
- Dipartimento di Fisica and CNISM-CNR, Università de L'Aquila, via Vetoio, 67100 Coppito, Italy
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25
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Comez L, Monaco G, Masciovecchio C, Paciaroni A, Gessini A, Scarponi F, Ruocco G, Fioretto D. Acoustic dissipation and density of states in liquid, supercooled, and glassy glycerol. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2011; 106:155701. [PMID: 21568574 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.106.155701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2010] [Revised: 02/22/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Combined Brillouin spectra collected at visible, ultraviolet, and x-ray frequencies are used to reconstruct the imaginary part of the acoustic compliance J'' over a wide frequency range between 0.5 GHz and 5 THz. For liquid, supercooled, and glassy glycerol, J'' is found to be linearly dependent on the tagged-particle susceptibility measured by incoherent neutron scattering up to ≃1 THz, giving evidence of a clear relation between acoustic power dissipation and density of states. A simple but general formalism is presented to quantitatively explain this relation, thus clarifying the connection between the quasielastic component observed in neutron scattering experiments and the fast relaxation dynamics probed by Brillouin scattering.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Comez
- IOM-CNR, c/o Università di Perugia, I-06123, Perugia, Italy
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26
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Lupi L, Comez L, Masciovecchio C, Morresi A, Paolantoni M, Sassi P, Scarponi F, Fioretto D. Hydrophobic hydration of tert-butyl alcohol studied by Brillouin light and inelastic ultraviolet scattering. J Chem Phys 2011; 134:055104. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3529014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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27
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Voudouris P, Gomopoulos N, Le Grand A, Hadjichristidis N, Floudas G, Ediger MD, Fytas G. Does Brillouin light scattering probe the primary glass transition process at temperatures well above glass transition? J Chem Phys 2010; 132:074906. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3319687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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28
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Santucci SC, Comez L, Scarponi F, Monaco G, Verbeni R, Legrand JF, Masciovecchio C, Gessini A, Fioretto D. Onset of the α-relaxation in the glass-forming solution LiCl–6H2O revealed by Brillouin scattering techniques. J Chem Phys 2009; 131:154507. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3223537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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29
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Breakdown of the Debye approximation for the acoustic modes with nanometric wavelengths in glasses. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2009; 106:3659-63. [PMID: 19240211 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0808965106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
On the macroscopic scale, the wavelengths of sound waves in glasses are large enough that the details of the disordered microscopic structure are usually irrelevant, and the medium can be considered as a continuum. On decreasing the wavelength this approximation must of course fail at one point. We show here that this takes place unexpectedly on the mesoscopic scale characteristic of the medium range order of glasses, where it still works well for the corresponding crystalline phases. Specifically, we find that the acoustic excitations with nanometric wavelengths show the clear signature of being strongly scattered, indicating the existence of a cross-over between well-defined acoustic modes for larger wavelengths and ill-defined ones for smaller wavelengths. This cross-over region is accompanied by a softening of the sound velocity that quantitatively accounts for the excess observed in the vibrational density of states of glasses over the Debye level at energies of a few milli-electronvolts. These findings thus highlight the acoustic contribution to the well-known universal low-temperature anomalies found in the specific heat of glasses.
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30
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Azzimani A, Dreyfus C, Pick RM, Bartolini P, Taschin A, Torre R. Analysis of a heterodyne-detected transient-grating experiment on a molecular supercooled liquid. II. Application to m-toluidine. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2007; 76:011510. [PMID: 17677453 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.76.011510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2007] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
This paper reports the first detailed analysis of a transient grating (TG) experiment on a supercooled molecular liquid, m-toluidine, from 330K (1.75Tg) to 190K (1.01Tg) based on the theoretical model presented in Paper I of this series. This method allows one to give a precise description, over a wide dynamical range, of the different physical phenomena giving rise to the signals. Disentangling the isotropic and the anisotropic parts of the TG response, a careful fitting analysis yields detailed information on the rotation-translation coupling function. We also extract the structural relaxation times related to the "longitudinal" viscosity over almost 10 decades in time and the corresponding stretching coefficient. The value of some other parameters and information on their thermal behavior is also reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Azzimani
- IMPMC, Université P. et M. Curie et CNRS-UMR 7590, F-75015 Paris, France
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31
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Monaco A, Chumakov AI, Monaco G, Crichton WA, Meyer A, Comez L, Fioretto D, Korecki J, Rüffer R. Effect of densification on the density of vibrational states of glasses. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2006; 97:135501. [PMID: 17026042 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.97.135501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2006] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
We studied the effect of densification on the vibrational dynamics of a Na(2)FeSi(3)O(8) glass. The density of vibrational states (DOS) has been measured using nuclear inelastic scattering. The corresponding changes in the microscopic, intermediate-range, and macroscopic properties have also been investigated. The results reveal that, in the absence of local structure transformations, the Debye level and the glass-specific excess of vibrational states above it have the same dependence on density, and the evolution of the DOS is fully described by the transformation of the elastic medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Monaco
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, BP 220, F-38043 Grenoble, France
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32
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Johari GP, Andersson O. On the nonlinear variation of dc conductivity with dielectric relaxation time. J Chem Phys 2006; 125:124501. [PMID: 17014185 DOI: 10.1063/1.2353833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The long-known observations that dc conductivity sigma(dc) of an ultraviscous liquid varies nonlinearly with the dielectric relaxation time tau, and the slope of the log sigma(dc) against log tau plot deviates from -1 are currently seen as two of the violations of the Debye-Stokes-Einstein equation. Here we provide a formalism using a zeroth order Bjerrum description for ion association to show that in addition to its variation with temperature T and pressure P, impurity ion population varies with a liquid's equilibrium dielectric permittivity. Inclusion of this electrostatic effect modifies the Debye-Stokes-Einstein equation to log(sigma(dc)tau)=constant+log alpha, where alpha is the T and P-dependent degree of ionic dissociation of an electrolytic impurity. Variation of a liquid's shear modulus with T and P would add to the nonlinearity of sigma(dc)-tau relation, as would a nonequivalence of the shear and dielectric relaxation times, proton transfer along the hydrogen bonds, or occurrence of another chemical process. This is illustrated by using the data for ultraviscous acetaminophen-aspirin liquid.
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Affiliation(s)
- G P Johari
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L7, Canada.
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33
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Win KZ, Menon N. Glass transition of glycerol in the volume-temperature plane. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2006; 73:040501. [PMID: 16711774 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.73.040501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2005] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
We assess the relative importance of spatial congestion and lowered temperature in the slowing dynamics of supercooled glycerol near the glass transition. We independently vary both volume V and temperature T by applying high pressure and monitor the dynamics by measuring the dielectric susceptibility. Our results demonstrate that both variables are control variables of comparable importance. However, a generalization of the concept of fragility of a glass-former shows that the dynamics are quantitatively more sensitive to fractional changes in V than T. We identify a connection between the fragility and a recently proposed density-temperature scaling which indicates that this conclusion holds for other liquids and polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyaw Zin Win
- University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
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34
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Buchenau U, Ohl M, Wischnewski A. A new interpretation of dielectric data in molecular glass formers. J Chem Phys 2006; 124:94505. [PMID: 16526865 DOI: 10.1063/1.2176618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Literature dielectric data of glycerol, propylene carbonate, and ortho-terphenyl show that the measured dielectric relaxation is a decade faster than the Debye expectation but still a decade slower than the breakdown of the shear modulus. From a comparison of time scales, the dielectric relaxation seems to be due to a process which relaxes not only the molecular orientation but also the entropy, the short range order, and the density. On the basis of this finding, we propose an alternative to the Gemant-DiMarzio-Bishop extension of the Debye picture.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Buchenau
- Institut für Festkörperforschung, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Postfach 1913, D-52425 Jülich, Federal Republic of Germany.
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35
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Masciovecchio C, Gessini A, Di Fonzo S, Comez L, Santucci SC, Fioretto D. Inelastic ultraviolet scattering from high frequency acoustic modes in glasses. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2004; 92:247401. [PMID: 15245129 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.92.247401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The dynamic structure factor of vitreous silica and glycerol has been measured as a function of temperature and of the momentum transfer up to Q=0.105 nm(-1) using a novel experimental technique, the inelastic ultraviolet scattering. As in the case of Brillouin light scattering and ultrasonic measurements, the temperature dependence of the acoustic attenuation shows a plateau below the glass transition whose amplitude scales as Q2. Moreover, a slight temperature dependence of attenuation has been found in vitreous silica at about 130 K, which seems to be reminiscent of the peak measured at lower Qs. These two findings strongly support the idea that anharmonicity is responsible for sound attenuation at ultrasonic and hypersonic frequencies. Finally, we demonstrate that the attenuation mechanism should show a change of regime between 0.105 and 1 nm(-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- C Masciovecchio
- Sincrotrone Trieste, Area Science Park, 34012 Basovizza Trieste, Italy
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