1
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Fukaya R, Adachi JI, Nakao H, Yamasaki Y, Tabata C, Nozawa S, Ichiyanagi K, Ishii Y, Kimura H, Adachi SI. Time-resolved resonant soft X-ray scattering combined with MHz synchrotron X-ray and laser pulses at the Photon Factory. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2022; 29:1414-1419. [PMID: 36345749 PMCID: PMC9641559 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577522008724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A picosecond pump-probe resonant soft X-ray scattering measurement system has been developed at the Photon Factory storage ring for highly efficient data collection. A high-repetition-rate high-power compact laser system has been installed to improve efficiency via flexible data acquisition to a sub-MHz frequency in time-resolved experiments. Data are acquired by gating the signal of a channel electron multiplier with a pulse-counting mode capable of discriminating single-bunch soft X-ray pulses in the dark gap of the hybrid operation mode in the storage ring. The photoinduced dynamics of magnetic order for multiferroic manganite SmMn2O5 are clearly demonstrated by the detection of transient changes in the resonant soft X-ray scattering intensity around the Mn LIII- and O K-edges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Fukaya
- Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - Jun-ichi Adachi
- Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
- Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - Hironori Nakao
- Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
- Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - Yuichi Yamasaki
- Research and Services Division of Materials Data and Integrated System, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Chihiro Tabata
- Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science, Kyoto University, Kumatori, Osaka 590-0494, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Nozawa
- Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
- Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - Kouhei Ichiyanagi
- Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - Yuta Ishii
- Department of Physics, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kimura
- Department of Physics, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
| | - Shin-ichi Adachi
- Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
- Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
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2
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Assefa TA, Seaberg MH, Reid AH, Shen L, Esposito V, Dakovski GL, Schlotter W, Holladay B, Streubel R, Montoya SA, Hart P, Nakahara K, Moeller S, Kevan SD, Fischer P, Fullerton EE, Colocho W, Lutman A, Decker FJ, Sinha SK, Roy S, Blackburn E, Turner JJ. The fluctuation-dissipation measurement instrument at the Linac Coherent Light Source. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2022; 93:083902. [PMID: 36050107 DOI: 10.1063/5.0091297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The development of new modes at x-ray free electron lasers has inspired novel methods for studying fluctuations at different energies and timescales. For closely spaced x-ray pulses that can be varied on ultrafast time scales, we have constructed a pair of advanced instruments to conduct studies targeting quantum materials. We first describe a prototype instrument built to test the proof-of-principle of resonant magnetic scattering using ultrafast pulse pairs. This is followed by a description of a new endstation, the so-called fluctuation-dissipation measurement instrument, which was used to carry out studies with a fast area detector. In addition, we describe various types of diagnostics for single-shot contrast measurements, which can be used to normalize data on a pulse-by-pulse basis and calibrate pulse amplitude ratios, both of which are important for the study of fluctuations in materials. Furthermore, we present some new results using the instrument that demonstrates access to higher momentum resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- T A Assefa
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Science, Stanford University and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - M H Seaberg
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94720, USA
| | - A H Reid
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94720, USA
| | - L Shen
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Science, Stanford University and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - V Esposito
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Science, Stanford University and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - G L Dakovski
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94720, USA
| | - W Schlotter
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94720, USA
| | - B Holladay
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94720, USA
| | - R Streubel
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA and Physics Department, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
| | - S A Montoya
- Center for Memory and Recording Research, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - P Hart
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94720, USA
| | - K Nakahara
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94720, USA
| | - S Moeller
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94720, USA
| | - S D Kevan
- Department of Physics, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97401, USA
| | - P Fischer
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA and Physics Department, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
| | - E E Fullerton
- Center for Memory and Recording Research, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - W Colocho
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94720, USA
| | - A Lutman
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94720, USA
| | - F-J Decker
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94720, USA
| | - S K Sinha
- Department of Physics, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - S Roy
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - E Blackburn
- Division of Synchrotron Radiation Research, Department of Physics, Lund University, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - J J Turner
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Science, Stanford University and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
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3
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Mercurio G, Chalupský J, Nistea IT, Schneider M, Hájková V, Gerasimova N, Carley R, Cascella M, Le Guyader L, Mercadier L, Schlappa J, Setoodehnia K, Teichmann M, Yaroslavtsev A, Burian T, Vozda V, Vyšín L, Wild J, Hickin D, Silenzi A, Stupar M, Torben Delitz J, Broers C, Reich A, Pfau B, Eisebitt S, La Civita D, Sinn H, Vannoni M, Alcock SG, Juha L, Scherz A. Real-time spatial characterization of micrometer-sized X-ray free-electron laser beams focused by bendable mirrors. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:20980-20998. [PMID: 36224830 DOI: 10.1364/oe.455948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A real-time and accurate characterization of the X-ray beam size is essential to enable a large variety of different experiments at free-electron laser facilities. Typically, ablative imprints are employed to determine shape and size of µm-focused X-ray beams. The high accuracy of this state-of-the-art method comes at the expense of the time required to perform an ex-situ image analysis. In contrast, diffraction at a curved grating with suitably varying period and orientation forms a magnified image of the X-ray beam, which can be recorded by a 2D pixelated detector providing beam size and pointing jitter in real time. In this manuscript, we compare results obtained with both techniques, address their advantages and limitations, and demonstrate their excellent agreement. We present an extensive characterization of the FEL beam focused to ≈1 µm by two Kirkpatrick-Baez (KB) mirrors, along with optical metrology slope profiles demonstrating their exceptionally high quality. This work provides a systematic and comprehensive study of the accuracy provided by curved gratings in real-time imaging of X-ray beams at a free-electron laser facility. It is applied here to soft X-rays and can be extended to the hard X-ray range. Furthermore, curved gratings, in combination with a suitable detector, can provide spatial properties of µm-focused X-ray beams at MHz repetition rate.
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4
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Mankowsky R, Sander M, Zerdane S, Vonka J, Bartkowiak M, Deng Y, Winkler R, Giorgianni F, Matmon G, Gerber S, Beaud P, Lemke HT. New insights into correlated materials in the time domain-combining far-infrared excitation with x-ray probes at cryogenic temperatures. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2021; 33:374001. [PMID: 34098537 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac08b5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Modern techniques for the investigation of correlated materials in the time domain combine selective excitation in the THz frequency range with selective probing of coupled structural, electronic and magnetic degrees of freedom using x-ray scattering techniques. Cryogenic sample temperatures are commonly required to prevent thermal occupation of the low energy modes and to access relevant material ground states. Here, we present a chamber optimized for high-field THz excitation and (resonant) x-ray diffraction at sample temperatures between 5 and 500 K. Directly connected to the beamline vacuum and featuring both a Beryllium window and an in-vacuum detector, the chamber covers the full (2-12.7) keV energy range of the femtosecond x-ray pulses available at the Bernina endstation of the SwissFEL free electron laser. Successful commissioning experiments made use of the energy tunability to selectively track the dynamics of the structural, magnetic and orbital order of Ca2RuO4and Tb2Ti2O7at the Ru (2.96 keV) and Tb (7.55 keV)L-edges, respectively. THz field amplitudes up to 1.12 MV cm-1peak field were demonstrated and used to excite the samples at temperatures as low as 5 K.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jakub Vonka
- Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
| | | | - Yunpei Deng
- Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Rafael Winkler
- Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | - Guy Matmon
- Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
| | | | - Paul Beaud
- Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
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5
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Lu H, Gauthier A, Hepting M, Tremsin AS, Reid AH, Kirchmann PS, Shen ZX, Devereaux TP, Shao YC, Feng X, Coslovich G, Hussain Z, Dakovski GL, Chuang YD, Lee WS. Time-resolved RIXS experiment with pulse-by-pulse parallel readout data collection using X-ray free electron laser. Sci Rep 2020; 10:22226. [PMID: 33335197 PMCID: PMC7746750 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79210-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Time-resolved resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS) is one of the developing techniques enabled by the advent of X-ray free electron laser (FEL). It is important to evaluate how the FEL jitter, which is inherent in the self-amplified spontaneous emission process, influences the RIXS measurement. Here, we use a microchannel plate (MCP) based Timepix soft X-ray detector to conduct a time-resolved RIXS measurement at the Ti L3-edge on a charge-density-wave material TiSe2. The fast parallel Timepix readout and single photon sensitivity enable pulse-by-pulse data acquisition and analysis. Due to the FEL jitter, low detection efficiency of spectrometer, and low quantum yield of RIXS process, we find that less than 2% of the X-ray FEL pulses produce signals, preventing acquiring sufficient data statistics while maintaining temporal and energy resolution in this measurement. These limitations can be mitigated by using future X-ray FELs with high repetition rates, approaching MHz such as the European XFEL in Germany and LCLS-II in the USA, as well as by utilizing advanced detectors, such as the prototype used in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Lu
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - A Gauthier
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - M Hepting
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - A S Tremsin
- Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - A H Reid
- Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS), SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - P S Kirchmann
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA.,Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Departments of Physics and Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Z X Shen
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA.,Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Departments of Physics and Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - T P Devereaux
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA.,Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Departments of Physics and Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Y C Shao
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - X Feng
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - G Coslovich
- Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS), SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - Z Hussain
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - G L Dakovski
- Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS), SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - Y D Chuang
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - W S Lee
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA.
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6
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Jang H, Kim HD, Kim M, Park SH, Kwon S, Lee JY, Park SY, Park G, Kim S, Hyun H, Hwang S, Lee CS, Lim CY, Gang W, Kim M, Heo S, Kim J, Jung G, Kim S, Park J, Kim J, Shin H, Park J, Koo TY, Shin HJ, Heo H, Kim C, Min CK, Han JH, Kang HS, Lee HS, Kim KS, Eom I, Rah S. Time-resolved resonant elastic soft x-ray scattering at Pohang Accelerator Laboratory X-ray Free Electron Laser. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2020; 91:083904. [PMID: 32872965 DOI: 10.1063/5.0016414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Resonant elastic x-ray scattering has been widely employed for exploring complex electronic ordering phenomena, such as charge, spin, and orbital order, in particular, in strongly correlated electronic systems. In addition, recent developments in pump-probe x-ray scattering allow us to expand the investigation of the temporal dynamics of such orders. Here, we introduce a new time-resolved Resonant Soft X-ray Scattering (tr-RSXS) endstation developed at the Pohang Accelerator Laboratory X-ray Free Electron Laser (PAL-XFEL). This endstation has an optical laser (wavelength of 800 nm plus harmonics) as the pump source. Based on the commissioning results, the tr-RSXS at PAL-XFEL can deliver a soft x-ray probe (400 eV-1300 eV) with a time resolution of ∼100 fs without jitter correction. As an example, the temporal dynamics of a charge density wave on a high-temperature cuprate superconductor is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoyoung Jang
- PAL-XFEL, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Hyeong-Do Kim
- PAL-XFEL, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Minseok Kim
- PAL-XFEL, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Sang Han Park
- PAL-XFEL, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Soonnam Kwon
- PAL-XFEL, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Ju Yeop Lee
- PAL-XFEL, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Sang-Youn Park
- PAL-XFEL, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Gisu Park
- PAL-XFEL, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Seonghan Kim
- PAL-XFEL, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - HyoJung Hyun
- PAL-XFEL, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Sunmin Hwang
- PAL-XFEL, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Chae-Soon Lee
- PAL-XFEL, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Chae-Yong Lim
- PAL-XFEL, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Wonup Gang
- PAL-XFEL, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Myeongjin Kim
- PAL-XFEL, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Seongbeom Heo
- PAL-XFEL, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Jinhong Kim
- PAL-XFEL, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Gigun Jung
- PAL-XFEL, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Seungnam Kim
- PAL-XFEL, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Jaeku Park
- PAL-XFEL, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Jihwa Kim
- PAL-XFEL, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Hocheol Shin
- PAL-XFEL, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Jaehun Park
- PAL-XFEL, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Tae-Yeong Koo
- PAL-XFEL, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Joon Shin
- PAL-XFEL, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Hoon Heo
- PAL-XFEL, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Changbum Kim
- PAL-XFEL, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Changi-Ki Min
- PAL-XFEL, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Jang-Hui Han
- PAL-XFEL, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Heung-Sik Kang
- PAL-XFEL, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Heung-Soo Lee
- PAL-XFEL, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Kyung Sook Kim
- PAL-XFEL, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Intae Eom
- PAL-XFEL, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Seungyu Rah
- PAL-XFEL, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
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7
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Rovezzi M, Harris A, Detlefs B, Bohdan T, Svyazhin A, Santambrogio A, Degler D, Baran R, Reynier B, Noguera Crespo P, Heyman C, Van Der Kleij HP, Van Vaerenbergh P, Marion P, Vitoux H, Lapras C, Verbeni R, Kocsis MM, Manceau A, Glatzel P. TEXS: in-vacuum tender X-ray emission spectrometer with 11 Johansson crystal analyzers. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2020; 27:813-826. [PMID: 32381786 PMCID: PMC7285681 DOI: 10.1107/s160057752000243x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The design and first results of a large-solid-angle X-ray emission spectrometer that is optimized for energies between 1.5 keV and 5.5 keV are presented. The spectrometer is based on an array of 11 cylindrically bent Johansson crystal analyzers arranged in a non-dispersive Rowland circle geometry. The smallest achievable energy bandwidth is smaller than the core hole lifetime broadening of the absorption edges in this energy range. Energy scanning is achieved using an innovative design, maintaining the Rowland circle conditions for all crystals with only four motor motions. The entire spectrometer is encased in a high-vacuum chamber that allocates a liquid helium cryostat and provides sufficient space for in situ cells and operando catalysis reactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Rovezzi
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IRD, Irstea, Météo France, OSUG, FAME, 71 avenue des Martyrs, CS 40220, 38043 Grenoble, France
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 avenue des Martyrs, CS 40220, 38043 Grenoble, France
| | | | - Blanka Detlefs
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 avenue des Martyrs, CS 40220, 38043 Grenoble, France
| | - Timothy Bohdan
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 avenue des Martyrs, CS 40220, 38043 Grenoble, France
| | - Artem Svyazhin
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 avenue des Martyrs, CS 40220, 38043 Grenoble, France
- M. N. Miheev Institute of Metal Physics, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, 620990 Ekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Alessandro Santambrogio
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 avenue des Martyrs, CS 40220, 38043 Grenoble, France
| | - David Degler
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 avenue des Martyrs, CS 40220, 38043 Grenoble, France
| | - Rafal Baran
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 avenue des Martyrs, CS 40220, 38043 Grenoble, France
| | - Benjamin Reynier
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 avenue des Martyrs, CS 40220, 38043 Grenoble, France
| | - Pedro Noguera Crespo
- Added Value Solutions (AVS), Pol. Ind. Sigma Xixilion Kalea 2, Bajo Pabellón 10, 20870 Elgoibar, Spain
| | | | - Hans-Peter Van Der Kleij
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 avenue des Martyrs, CS 40220, 38043 Grenoble, France
| | - Pierre Van Vaerenbergh
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 avenue des Martyrs, CS 40220, 38043 Grenoble, France
| | - Philippe Marion
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 avenue des Martyrs, CS 40220, 38043 Grenoble, France
| | - Hugo Vitoux
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 avenue des Martyrs, CS 40220, 38043 Grenoble, France
| | - Christophe Lapras
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 avenue des Martyrs, CS 40220, 38043 Grenoble, France
| | - Roberto Verbeni
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 avenue des Martyrs, CS 40220, 38043 Grenoble, France
| | - Menhard Menyhert Kocsis
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 avenue des Martyrs, CS 40220, 38043 Grenoble, France
| | - Alain Manceau
- ISTerre, Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CS 40700, 38058 Grenoble, France
| | - Pieter Glatzel
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 avenue des Martyrs, CS 40220, 38043 Grenoble, France
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8
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Chen XM, Farmer B, Woods JS, Dhuey S, Hu W, Mazzoli C, Wilkins SB, Chopdekar RV, Scholl A, Robinson IK, De Long LE, Roy S, Hastings JT. Spontaneous Magnetic Superdomain Wall Fluctuations in an Artificial Antiferromagnet. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 123:197202. [PMID: 31765174 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.197202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Collective dynamics often play an important role in determining the stability of ground states for both naturally occurring materials and metamaterials. We studied the temperature dependent dynamics of antiferromagnetically ordered superdomains in a square artificial spin lattice using soft x-ray photon correlation spectroscopy. We observed an exponential slowing down of superdomain wall motion below the antiferromagnetic onset temperature, similar to the behavior of typical bulk antiferromagnets. Using a continuous time random walk model we show that these superdomain walls undergo low-temperature ballistic and high-temperature diffusive motions.
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Affiliation(s)
- X M Chen
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA
| | - B Farmer
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA
| | - J S Woods
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - S Dhuey
- Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - W Hu
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C Mazzoli
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - S B Wilkins
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R V Chopdekar
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Scholl
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - I K Robinson
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
- London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - L E De Long
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA
| | - S Roy
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J T Hastings
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA
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9
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Mitrano M, Lee S, Husain AA, Delacretaz L, Zhu M, de la Peña Munoz G, Sun SXL, Joe YI, Reid AH, Wandel SF, Coslovich G, Schlotter W, van Driel T, Schneeloch J, Gu GD, Hartnoll S, Goldenfeld N, Abbamonte P. Ultrafast time-resolved x-ray scattering reveals diffusive charge order dynamics in La 2-x Ba x CuO 4. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2019; 5:eaax3346. [PMID: 31453340 PMCID: PMC6697434 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aax3346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Charge order is universal among high-T c cuprates, but its relation to superconductivity is unclear. While static order competes with superconductivity, dynamic order may be favorable and even contribute to Cooper pairing. Using time-resolved resonant soft x-ray scattering at a free-electron laser, we show that the charge order in prototypical La2-x Ba x CuO4 exhibits transverse fluctuations at picosecond time scales. These sub-millielectron volt excitations propagate by Brownian-like diffusion and have an energy scale remarkably close to the superconducting T c. At sub-millielectron volt energy scales, the dynamics are governed by universal scaling laws defined by the propagation of topological defects. Our results show that charge order in La2-x Ba x CuO4 exhibits dynamics favorable to the in-plane superconducting tunneling and establish time-resolved x-rays as a means to study excitations at energy scales inaccessible to conventional scattering techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Mitrano
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Sangjun Lee
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Ali A. Husain
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Luca Delacretaz
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-4060, USA
| | - Minhui Zhu
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | | | - Stella X.-L. Sun
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Young Il Joe
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO 80305, USA
| | - Alexander H. Reid
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Scott F. Wandel
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Giacomo Coslovich
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - William Schlotter
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Tim van Driel
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - John Schneeloch
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - G. D. Gu
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - Sean Hartnoll
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-4060, USA
| | - Nigel Goldenfeld
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Peter Abbamonte
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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10
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Andrä M, Zhang J, Bergamaschi A, Barten R, Borca C, Borghi G, Boscardin M, Busca P, Brückner M, Cartiglia N, Chiriotti S, Dalla Betta GF, Dinapoli R, Fajardo P, Ferrero M, Ficorella F, Fröjdh E, Greiffenberg D, Huthwelker T, Lopez-Cuenca C, Meyer M, Mezza D, Mozzanica A, Pancheri L, Paternoster G, Redford S, Ruat M, Ruder C, Schmitt B, Shi X, Sola V, Thattil D, Tinti G, Vetter S. Development of low-energy X-ray detectors using LGAD sensors. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2019; 26:1226-1237. [PMID: 31274448 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577519005393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in segmented low-gain avalanche detectors (LGADs) make them promising for the position-sensitive detection of low-energy X-ray photons thanks to their internal gain. LGAD microstrip sensors fabricated by Fondazione Bruno Kessler have been investigated using X-rays with both charge-integrating and single-photon-counting readout chips developed at the Paul Scherrer Institut. In this work it is shown that the charge multiplication occurring in the sensor allows the detection of X-rays with improved signal-to-noise ratio in comparison with standard silicon sensors. The application in the tender X-ray energy range is demonstrated by the detection of the sulfur Kα and Kβ lines (2.3 and 2.46 keV) in an energy-dispersive fluorescence spectrometer at the Swiss Light Source. Although further improvements in the segmentation and in the quantum efficiency at low energy are still necessary, this work paves the way for the development of single-photon-counting detectors in the soft X-ray energy range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Andrä
- Paul Scherrer Institut, Forschungsstrasse 111, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Jiaguo Zhang
- Paul Scherrer Institut, Forschungsstrasse 111, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Anna Bergamaschi
- Paul Scherrer Institut, Forschungsstrasse 111, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Rebecca Barten
- Paul Scherrer Institut, Forschungsstrasse 111, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Camelia Borca
- Paul Scherrer Institut, Forschungsstrasse 111, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Giacomo Borghi
- Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Via Sommarive 18, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Busca
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Grenoble, France
| | - Martin Brückner
- Paul Scherrer Institut, Forschungsstrasse 111, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | | | - Sabina Chiriotti
- Paul Scherrer Institut, Forschungsstrasse 111, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | | | - Roberto Dinapoli
- Paul Scherrer Institut, Forschungsstrasse 111, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Pablo Fajardo
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Grenoble, France
| | - Marco Ferrero
- INFN Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 1, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | | | - Erik Fröjdh
- Paul Scherrer Institut, Forschungsstrasse 111, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | | | - Thomas Huthwelker
- Paul Scherrer Institut, Forschungsstrasse 111, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Carlos Lopez-Cuenca
- Paul Scherrer Institut, Forschungsstrasse 111, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Markus Meyer
- Paul Scherrer Institut, Forschungsstrasse 111, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Davide Mezza
- Paul Scherrer Institut, Forschungsstrasse 111, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Aldo Mozzanica
- Paul Scherrer Institut, Forschungsstrasse 111, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Lucio Pancheri
- University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | | | - Sophie Redford
- Paul Scherrer Institut, Forschungsstrasse 111, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Marie Ruat
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Grenoble, France
| | - Christian Ruder
- Paul Scherrer Institut, Forschungsstrasse 111, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Bernd Schmitt
- Paul Scherrer Institut, Forschungsstrasse 111, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Xintian Shi
- Paul Scherrer Institut, Forschungsstrasse 111, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | | | - Dhanya Thattil
- Paul Scherrer Institut, Forschungsstrasse 111, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Gemma Tinti
- Paul Scherrer Institut, Forschungsstrasse 111, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Seraphin Vetter
- Paul Scherrer Institut, Forschungsstrasse 111, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
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11
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Chen XM, Mazzoli C, Cao Y, Thampy V, Barbour AM, Hu W, Lu M, Assefa TA, Miao H, Fabbris G, Gu GD, Tranquada JM, Dean MPM, Wilkins SB, Robinson IK. Charge density wave memory in a cuprate superconductor. Nat Commun 2019; 10:1435. [PMID: 30926816 PMCID: PMC6440992 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09433-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Although CDW correlations are a ubiquitous feature of the superconducting cuprates, their disparate properties suggest a crucial role for pinning the CDW to the lattice. Here, we report coherent resonant X-ray speckle correlation analysis, which directly determines the reproducibility of CDW domain patterns in La1.875Ba0.125CuO4 (LBCO 1/8) with thermal cycling. While CDW order is only observed below 54 K, where a structural phase transition creates inequivalent Cu-O bonds, we discover remarkably reproducible CDW domain memory upon repeated cycling to far higher temperatures. That memory is only lost on cycling to 240(3) K, which recovers the four-fold symmetry of the CuO2 planes. We infer that the structural features that develop below 240 K determine the CDW pinning landscape below 54 K. This opens a view into the complex coupling between charge and lattice degrees of freedom in superconducting cuprates.
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Affiliation(s)
- X M Chen
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA. .,Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
| | - C Mazzoli
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - Y Cao
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - V Thampy
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA.,Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - A M Barbour
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - W Hu
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - M Lu
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - T A Assefa
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - H Miao
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - G Fabbris
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - G D Gu
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - J M Tranquada
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - M P M Dean
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA.
| | - S B Wilkins
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA.
| | - I K Robinson
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA. .,London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College, Gower St., London, WC1E 6BT, UK.
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12
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Zohar S, Turner JJ. Multivariate analysis of x-ray scattering using a stochastic source. OPTICS LETTERS 2019; 44:243-246. [PMID: 30644871 DOI: 10.1364/ol.44.000243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The normalization of scattered intensity by incident flux is a crucial step in analyzing data from stochastic x-ray free electron laser sources and is complicated by non-linearities traditionally attributed to detector saturation. Here we show that such non-linearities can also arise when the sample spectra are non-uniform within the monochromator bandwidth. A method for modeling and removing this non-linearity using multivariate regression with shot-by-shot x-ray photon energy as an independent variable is presented. This approach demonstrates the benefit of event building and will allow for a reconsideration of data which has proven challenging to normalize.
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13
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Andresen NC, Denes P, Goldschmidt A, Joseph J, Karcher A, Tindall CS. A 5-μm pitch charge-coupled device optimized for resonant inelastic soft X-ray scattering. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2017; 88:083103. [PMID: 28863676 DOI: 10.1063/1.4997727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We have developed a charge-coupled device (CCD) with 5 μm × 45 μm pixels on high-resistivity silicon. The fully depleted 200 μm-thick silicon detector is back-illuminated through a 10 nm-thick in situ doped polysilicon window and is thus highly efficient for soft through >8 keV hard X-rays. The device described here is a 1.5 megapixel CCD with 2496 × 620 pixels. The pixel and camera geometry was optimized for Resonant Inelastic X-ray Scattering (RIXS) and is particularly advantageous for spectrometers with limited arm lengths. In this article, we describe the device architecture, construction and operation, and its performance during tests at the Advance Light Source (ALS) 8.0.1 RIXS beamline. The improved spectroscopic performance, when compared with a current standard commercial camera, is demonstrated with a ∼280 eV (CK) X-ray beam on a graphite sample. Readout noise is typically 3-6 electrons and the point spread function for soft CK X-rays in the 5 μm direction is 4.0 μm ± 0.2 μm. The measured quantum efficiency of the CCD is greater than 75% in the range from 200 eV to 1 keV.
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Affiliation(s)
- N C Andresen
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - P Denes
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Goldschmidt
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J Joseph
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Karcher
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - C S Tindall
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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14
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Daurer BJ, Krishnan H, Perciano T, Maia FRNC, Shapiro DA, Sethian JA, Marchesini S. Nanosurveyor: a framework for real-time data processing. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 3:7. [PMID: 28261545 PMCID: PMC5313566 DOI: 10.1186/s40679-017-0039-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The ever improving brightness of accelerator based sources is enabling novel observations and discoveries with faster frame rates, larger fields of view, higher resolution, and higher dimensionality. RESULTS Here we present an integrated software/algorithmic framework designed to capitalize on high-throughput experiments through efficient kernels, load-balanced workflows, which are scalable in design. We describe the streamlined processing pipeline of ptychography data analysis. CONCLUSIONS The pipeline provides throughput, compression, and resolution as well as rapid feedback to the microscope operators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedikt J Daurer
- Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Hari Krishnan
- Computational Research Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA USA
| | - Talita Perciano
- Computational Research Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA USA
| | - Filipe R N C Maia
- Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,NERSC, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA USA
| | - David A Shapiro
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA USA
| | - James A Sethian
- Computational Research Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA USA.,Department of Mathematics, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA USA
| | - Stefano Marchesini
- Computational Research Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA USA
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15
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Chen XM, Thampy V, Mazzoli C, Barbour AM, Miao H, Gu GD, Cao Y, Tranquada JM, Dean MPM, Wilkins SB. Remarkable Stability of Charge Density Wave Order in La_{1.875}Ba_{0.125}CuO_{4}. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2016; 117:167001. [PMID: 27792368 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.167001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence of charge-density-wave (CDW) order in underdoped cuprates is now well established, although the precise nature of the CDW and its relationship with superconductivity is not. Theoretical proposals include contrasting ideas such as that pairing may be driven by CDW fluctuations or that static CDWs may intertwine with a spatially modulated superconducting wave function. We test the dynamics of CDW order in La_{1.825}Ba_{0.125}CuO_{4} by using x-ray photon correlation spectroscopy at the CDW wave vector, detected resonantly at the Cu L_{3} edge. We find that the CDW domains are strikingly static, with no evidence of significant fluctuations up to 2 ¾ h. We discuss the implications of these results for some of the competing theories.
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Affiliation(s)
- X M Chen
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - V Thampy
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C Mazzoli
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - A M Barbour
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - H Miao
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G D Gu
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Y Cao
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J M Tranquada
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - M P M Dean
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - S B Wilkins
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
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16
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Sikorski M, Feng Y, Song S, Zhu D, Carini G, Herrmann S, Nishimura K, Hart P, Robert A. Application of an ePix100 detector for coherent scattering using a hard X-ray free-electron laser. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2016; 23:1171-1179. [PMID: 27577772 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577516010869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A prototype ePix100 detector was used in small-angle scattering geometry to capture speckle patterns from a static sample using the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) hard X-ray free-electron laser at 8.34 keV. The average number of detected photons per pixel per pulse was varied over three orders of magnitude from about 23 down to 0.01 to test the detector performance. At high average photon count rates, the speckle contrast was evaluated by analyzing the probability distribution of the pixel counts at a constant scattering vector for single frames. For very low average photon counts of less than 0.2 per pixel, the `droplet algorithm' was first applied to the patterns for correcting the effect of charge sharing, and then the pixel count statistics of multiple frames were analyzed collectively to extract the speckle contrast. Results obtained using both methods agree within the uncertainty intervals, providing strong experimental evidence for the validity of the statistical analysis. More importantly it confirms the suitability of the ePix100 detector for X-ray coherent scattering experiments, especially at very low count rates with performances surpassing those of previously available LCLS detectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Sikorski
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Yiping Feng
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Sanghoon Song
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Diling Zhu
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Gabriella Carini
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Sven Herrmann
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Kurtis Nishimura
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Philip Hart
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Aymeric Robert
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
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17
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Martin-Garcia JM, Conrad CE, Coe J, Roy-Chowdhury S, Fromme P. Serial femtosecond crystallography: A revolution in structural biology. Arch Biochem Biophys 2016; 602:32-47. [PMID: 27143509 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2016.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Revised: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Macromolecular crystallography at synchrotron sources has proven to be the most influential method within structural biology, producing thousands of structures since its inception. While its utility has been instrumental in progressing our knowledge of structures of molecules, it suffers from limitations such as the need for large, well-diffracting crystals, and radiation damage that can hamper native structural determination. The recent advent of X-ray free electron lasers (XFELs) and their implementation in the emerging field of serial femtosecond crystallography (SFX) has given rise to a remarkable expansion upon existing crystallographic constraints, allowing structural biologists access to previously restricted scientific territory. SFX relies on exceptionally brilliant, micro-focused X-ray pulses, which are femtoseconds in duration, to probe nano/micrometer sized crystals in a serial fashion. This results in data sets comprised of individual snapshots, each capturing Bragg diffraction of single crystals in random orientations prior to their subsequent destruction. Thus structural elucidation while avoiding radiation damage, even at room temperature, can now be achieved. This emerging field has cultivated new methods for nanocrystallogenesis, sample delivery, and data processing. Opportunities and challenges within SFX are reviewed herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose M Martin-Garcia
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-1604, USA; Center for Applied Structural Discovery, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-7401, USA
| | - Chelsie E Conrad
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-1604, USA; Center for Applied Structural Discovery, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-7401, USA
| | - Jesse Coe
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-1604, USA; Center for Applied Structural Discovery, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-7401, USA
| | - Shatabdi Roy-Chowdhury
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-1604, USA; Center for Applied Structural Discovery, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-7401, USA
| | - Petra Fromme
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-1604, USA; Center for Applied Structural Discovery, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-7401, USA.
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18
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Pincelli T, Petrov VN, Brajnik G, Ciprian R, Lollobrigida V, Torelli P, Krizmancic D, Salvador F, De Luisa A, Sergo R, Gubertini A, Cautero G, Carrato S, Rossi G, Panaccione G. Design and optimization of a modular setup for measurements of three-dimensional spin polarization with ultrafast pulsed sources. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2016; 87:035111. [PMID: 27036823 DOI: 10.1063/1.4943255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
ULTRASPIN is an apparatus devoted to the measurement of the spin polarization (SP) of electrons ejected from solid surfaces in a UHV environment. It is designed to exploit ultrafast light sources (free electron laser or laser high harmonic generation) and to perform (photo)electron spin analysis by an arrangement of Mott scattering polarimeters that measure the full SP vector. The system consists of two interconnected UHV vessels: one for surface science sample cleaning treatments, e-beam deposition of ultrathin films, and low energy electron diffraction/AES characterization. The sample environment in the polarimeter allows for cryogenic cooling and in-operando application of electric and magnetic fields. The photoelectrons are collected by an electrostatic accelerator and transport lens that form a periaxial beam that is subsequently directed by a Y-shaped electrostatic deflector to either one of the two orthogonal Mott polarimeters. The apparatus has been designed to operate in the extreme conditions of ultraintense single-X-ray pulses as originated by free electron lasers (up to 1 kHz), but it allows also for the single electron counting mode suitable when using statistical sources such as synchrotron radiation, cw-laser, or e-gun beams (up to 150 kcps).
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Affiliation(s)
- T Pincelli
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli studi di Milano, Via Celoria 16, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - V N Petrov
- Saint Petersburg State Polytechnical University, Politechnicheskaya Street 29, 195251 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - G Brajnik
- Università degli Studi di Trieste, Piazzale Europa 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - R Ciprian
- Laboratorio TASC, IOM-CNR, S.S. 14 km 163.5, Basovizza, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - V Lollobrigida
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica, Università Roma Tre, I-00146 Rome, Italy
| | - P Torelli
- Laboratorio TASC, IOM-CNR, S.S. 14 km 163.5, Basovizza, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - D Krizmancic
- Laboratorio TASC, IOM-CNR, S.S. 14 km 163.5, Basovizza, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - F Salvador
- Laboratorio TASC, IOM-CNR, S.S. 14 km 163.5, Basovizza, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - A De Luisa
- Laboratorio TASC, IOM-CNR, S.S. 14 km 163.5, Basovizza, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - R Sergo
- Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A, Strada Statale 14-km 163.5 in AREA Science Park, Basovizza, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - A Gubertini
- Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A, Strada Statale 14-km 163.5 in AREA Science Park, Basovizza, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - G Cautero
- Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A, Strada Statale 14-km 163.5 in AREA Science Park, Basovizza, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - S Carrato
- Università degli Studi di Trieste, Piazzale Europa 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - G Rossi
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli studi di Milano, Via Celoria 16, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - G Panaccione
- Laboratorio TASC, IOM-CNR, S.S. 14 km 163.5, Basovizza, 34149 Trieste, Italy
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19
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Huang SW, Wray LA, Jeng HT, Tra VT, Lee JM, Langner MC, Chen JM, Roy S, Chu YH, Schoenlein RW, Chuang YD, Lin JY. Selective interlayer ferromagnetic coupling between the Cu spins in YBa2Cu3O7-x grown on top of La0.7Ca0.3MnO3. Sci Rep 2015; 5:16690. [PMID: 26573394 PMCID: PMC4648077 DOI: 10.1038/srep16690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies to date on ferromagnet/d-wave superconductor heterostructures focus mainly on the effects at or near the interfaces while the response of bulk properties to heterostructuring is overlooked. Here we use resonant soft x-ray scattering spectroscopy to reveal a novel c-axis ferromagnetic coupling between the in-plane Cu spins in YBa2Cu3O7-x (YBCO) superconductor when it is grown on top of ferromagnetic La0.7Ca0.3MnO3 (LCMO) manganite layer. This coupling, present in both normal and superconducting states of YBCO, is sensitive to the interfacial termination such that it is only observed in bilayers with MnO2 but not with La0.7Ca0.3O interfacial termination. Such contrasting behaviors, we propose, are due to distinct energetic of CuO chain and CuO2 plane at the La0.7Ca0.3O and MnO2 terminated interfaces respectively, therefore influencing the transfer of spin-polarized electrons from manganite to cuprate differently. Our findings suggest that the superconducting/ferromagnetic bilayers with proper interfacial engineering can be good candidates for searching the theorized Fulde-Ferrel-Larkin-Ovchinnikov (FFLO) state in cuprates and studying the competing quantum orders in highly correlated electron systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- S W Huang
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.,Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.,MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, P. O. Box 118, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - L Andrew Wray
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.,Department of Physics, New York University, New York, 10003, USA.,Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Horng-Tay Jeng
- Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan.,Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - V T Tra
- Institute of Physics, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - J M Lee
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - M C Langner
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - J M Chen
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - S Roy
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Y H Chu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - R W Schoenlein
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Y-D Chuang
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - J-Y Lin
- Institute of Physics, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan.,Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
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20
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Först M, Caviglia AD, Scherwitzl R, Mankowsky R, Zubko P, Khanna V, Bromberger H, Wilkins SB, Chuang YD, Lee WS, Schlotter WF, Turner JJ, Dakovski GL, Minitti MP, Robinson J, Clark SR, Jaksch D, Triscone JM, Hill JP, Dhesi SS, Cavalleri A. Spatially resolved ultrafast magnetic dynamics initiated at a complex oxide heterointerface. NATURE MATERIALS 2015; 14:883-8. [PMID: 26147844 DOI: 10.1038/nmat4341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2014] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Static strain in complex oxide heterostructures has been extensively used to engineer electronic and magnetic properties at equilibrium. In the same spirit, deformations of the crystal lattice with light may be used to achieve functional control across heterointerfaces dynamically. Here, by exciting large-amplitude infrared-active vibrations in a LaAlO3 substrate we induce magnetic order melting in a NdNiO3 film across a heterointerface. Femtosecond resonant soft X-ray diffraction is used to determine the spatiotemporal evolution of the magnetic disordering. We observe a magnetic melt front that propagates from the substrate interface into the film, at a speed that suggests electronically driven motion. Light control and ultrafast phase front propagation at heterointerfaces may lead to new opportunities in optomagnetism, for example by driving domain wall motion to transport information across suitably designed devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Först
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
- Center for Free Electron Laser Science, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - A D Caviglia
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CJ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - R Scherwitzl
- Department of Quantum Matter Physics, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève, Switzerland
| | - R Mankowsky
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
- Center for Free Electron Laser Science, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - P Zubko
- Department of Quantum Matter Physics, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève, Switzerland
| | - V Khanna
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PU, UK
- Diamond Light Source, Didcot OX11 0DE, UK
| | - H Bromberger
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
- Center for Free Electron Laser Science, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - S B Wilkins
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Y-D Chuang
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - W S Lee
- The Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences (SIMES), Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC) National Accelerator Laboratory and Stanford University, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - W F Schlotter
- Linac Coherent Light Source, Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC) National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - J J Turner
- Linac Coherent Light Source, Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC) National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - G L Dakovski
- Linac Coherent Light Source, Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC) National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - M P Minitti
- Linac Coherent Light Source, Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC) National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - J Robinson
- Linac Coherent Light Source, Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC) National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - S R Clark
- Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PU, UK
- Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - D Jaksch
- Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PU, UK
- Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - J-M Triscone
- Department of Quantum Matter Physics, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève, Switzerland
| | - J P Hill
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - S S Dhesi
- Diamond Light Source, Didcot OX11 0DE, UK
| | - A Cavalleri
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
- Center for Free Electron Laser Science, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PU, UK
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21
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High contrast 3D imaging of surfaces near the wavelength limit using tabletop EUV ptychography. Ultramicroscopy 2015; 158:98-104. [PMID: 26233823 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultramic.2015.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2015] [Revised: 07/10/2015] [Accepted: 07/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy are well-established techniques for imaging surfaces with nanometer resolution. Here we demonstrate a complementary and powerful approach based on tabletop extreme-ultraviolet ptychography that enables quantitative full field imaging with higher contrast than other techniques, and with compositional and topographical information. Using a high numerical aperture reflection-mode microscope illuminated by a tabletop 30 nm high harmonic source, we retrieve high quality, high contrast, full field images with 40 nm by 80 nm lateral resolution (≈1.3 λ), with a total exposure time of less than 1 min. Finally, quantitative phase information enables surface profilometry with ultra-high, 6 Å axial resolution. In the future, this work will enable dynamic imaging of functioning nanosystems with unprecedented combined spatial (<10 nm) and temporal (<10 fs) resolution, in thick opaque samples, with elemental, chemical and magnetic sensitivity.
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22
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Hatsui T, Graafsma H. X-ray imaging detectors for synchrotron and XFEL sources. IUCRJ 2015; 2:371-83. [PMID: 25995846 PMCID: PMC4420547 DOI: 10.1107/s205225251500010x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Current trends for X-ray imaging detectors based on hybrid and monolithic detector technologies are reviewed. Hybrid detectors with photon-counting pixels have proven to be very powerful tools at synchrotrons. Recent developments continue to improve their performance, especially for higher spatial resolution at higher count rates with higher frame rates. Recent developments for X-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) experiments provide high-frame-rate integrating detectors with both high sensitivity and high peak signal. Similar performance improvements are sought in monolithic detectors. The monolithic approach also offers a lower noise floor, which is required for the detection of soft X-ray photons. The link between technology development and detector performance is described briefly in the context of potential future capabilities for X-ray imaging detectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaki Hatsui
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, RIKEN, 1-1, Koto, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
| | - Heinz Graafsma
- Photon-Science Detector Group, DESY, Hamburg, Germany
- Mid-Sweden University, Sundsvall, Sweden
- Correspondence e-mail:
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23
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Alonso-Mori R, Sokaras D, Zhu D, Kroll T, Chollet M, Feng Y, Glownia JM, Kern J, Lemke HT, Nordlund D, Robert A, Sikorski M, Song S, Weng TC, Bergmann U. Photon-in photon-out hard X-ray spectroscopy at the Linac Coherent Light Source. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2015; 22:612-20. [PMID: 25931076 PMCID: PMC4416677 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577515004488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
X-ray free-electron lasers (FELs) have opened unprecedented possibilities to study the structure and dynamics of matter at an atomic level and ultra-fast timescale. Many of the techniques routinely used at storage ring facilities are being adapted for experiments conducted at FELs. In order to take full advantage of these new sources several challenges have to be overcome. They are related to the very different source characteristics and its resulting impact on sample delivery, X-ray optics, X-ray detection and data acquisition. Here it is described how photon-in photon-out hard X-ray spectroscopy techniques can be applied to study the electronic structure and its dynamics of transition metal systems with ultra-bright and ultra-short FEL X-ray pulses. In particular, some of the experimental details that are different compared with synchrotron-based setups are discussed and illustrated by recent measurements performed at the Linac Coherent Light Source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Alonso-Mori
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Dimosthenis Sokaras
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Diling Zhu
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Thomas Kroll
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Mathieu Chollet
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Yiping Feng
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - James M. Glownia
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Jan Kern
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
- Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Henrik T. Lemke
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Dennis Nordlund
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Aymeric Robert
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Marcin Sikorski
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Sanghoon Song
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Tsu-Chien Weng
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Uwe Bergmann
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
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24
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Dakovski GL, Heimann P, Holmes M, Krupin O, Minitti MP, Mitra A, Moeller S, Rowen M, Schlotter WF, Turner JJ. The Soft X-ray Research instrument at the Linac Coherent Light Source. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2015; 22:498-502. [PMID: 25931059 PMCID: PMC4416666 DOI: 10.1107/s160057751500301x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2015] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The Soft X-ray Research instrument provides intense ultrashort X-ray pulses in the energy range 280-2000 eV. A diverse set of experimental stations may be installed to investigate a broad range of scientific topics such as ultrafast chemistry, highly correlated materials, magnetism, surface science, and matter under extreme conditions. A brief description of the main instrument components will be given, followed by some selected scientific highlights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgi L. Dakovski
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Philip Heimann
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Michael Holmes
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Oleg Krupin
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
- European XFEL, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michael P. Minitti
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Ankush Mitra
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Stefan Moeller
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Michael Rowen
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - William F. Schlotter
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Joshua J. Turner
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
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25
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Blaj G, Caragiulo P, Carini G, Carron S, Dragone A, Freytag D, Haller G, Hart P, Hasi J, Herbst R, Herrmann S, Kenney C, Markovic B, Nishimura K, Osier S, Pines J, Reese B, Segal J, Tomada A, Weaver M. X-ray detectors at the Linac Coherent Light Source. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2015; 22:577-83. [PMID: 25931071 PMCID: PMC4416673 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577515005317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Accepted: 03/15/2015] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Free-electron lasers (FELs) present new challenges for camera development compared with conventional light sources. At SLAC a variety of technologies are being used to match the demands of the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) and to support a wide range of scientific applications. In this paper an overview of X-ray detector design requirements at FELs is presented and the various cameras in use at SLAC are described for the benefit of users planning experiments or analysts looking at data. Features and operation of the CSPAD camera, which is currently deployed at LCLS, are discussed, and the ePix family, a new generation of cameras under development at SLAC, is introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Blaj
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Pietro Caragiulo
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Gabriella Carini
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Sebastian Carron
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Angelo Dragone
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Dietrich Freytag
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Gunther Haller
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Philip Hart
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Jasmine Hasi
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Ryan Herbst
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Sven Herrmann
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Chris Kenney
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Bojan Markovic
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Kurtis Nishimura
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Shawn Osier
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Jack Pines
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Benjamin Reese
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Julie Segal
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Astrid Tomada
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Matt Weaver
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
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26
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Turner JJ, Dakovski GL, Hoffmann MC, Hwang HY, Zarem A, Schlotter WF, Moeller S, Minitti MP, Staub U, Johnson S, Mitra A, Swiggers M, Noonan P, Curiel GI, Holmes M. Combining THz laser excitation with resonant soft X-ray scattering at the Linac Coherent Light Source. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2015; 22:621-5. [PMID: 25931077 PMCID: PMC4416678 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577515005998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes the development of new instrumentation at the Linac Coherent Light Source for conducting THz excitation experiments in an ultra high vacuum environment probed by soft X-ray diffraction. This consists of a cantilevered, fully motorized mirror system which can provide 600 kV cm(-1) electric field strengths across the sample and an X-ray detector that can span the full Ewald sphere with in-vacuum motion. The scientific applications motivated by this development, the details of the instrument, and spectra demonstrating the field strengths achieved using this newly developed system are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua J. Turner
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Georgi L. Dakovski
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Matthias C. Hoffmann
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Harold Y. Hwang
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Alex Zarem
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - William F. Schlotter
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Stefan Moeller
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Michael P. Minitti
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Urs Staub
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Steven Johnson
- ETH Zurich, Institute for Quantum Electronics, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 16, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ankush Mitra
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Michele Swiggers
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Peter Noonan
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - G. Ivan Curiel
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Michael Holmes
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
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27
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Denes P. Two-dimensional imaging detectors for structural biology with X-ray lasers. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2015; 369:20130334. [PMID: 24914161 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2013.0334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Our ability to harness the advances in microelectronics over the past decade(s) for X-ray detection has resulted in significant improvements in the state of the art. Biology with X-ray free-electron lasers present daunting detector challenges: all of the photons arrive at the same time, and individual high peak power pulses must be read out shot-by-shot. Direct X-ray detection in silicon pixel detectors--monolithic or hybrid--are the standard for XFELs today. For structural biology, improvements are needed for today's 10-100 Hz XFELs, and further improvements are required for tomorrow's 10+ kHz XFELs. This article will discuss detector challenges, why they arise and ways to overcome them, along with the current state of the art.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Denes
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
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28
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Hatsui T. Developments of X-ray Imaging Detectors at SACLA/SPring-8: Current Status and Future Outlook. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/08940886.2014.930805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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29
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Först M, Tobey RI, Bromberger H, Wilkins SB, Khanna V, Caviglia AD, Chuang YD, Lee WS, Schlotter WF, Turner JJ, Minitti MP, Krupin O, Xu ZJ, Wen JS, Gu GD, Dhesi SS, Cavalleri A, Hill JP. Melting of charge stripes in vibrationally driven La(1.875)Ba(0.125)CuO4: assessing the respective roles of electronic and lattice order in frustrated superconductors. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2014; 112:157002. [PMID: 24785066 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.112.157002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2013] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
We report femtosecond resonant soft x-ray diffraction measurements of the dynamics of the charge order and of the crystal lattice in nonsuperconducting, stripe-ordered La1.875Ba0.125CuO4. Excitation of the in-plane Cu-O stretching phonon with a midinfrared pulse has been previously shown to induce a transient superconducting state in the closely related compound La1.675Eu0.2Sr0.125CuO4. In La1.875Ba0.125CuO4, we find that the charge stripe order melts promptly on a subpicosecond time scale. Surprisingly, the low temperature tetragonal (LTT) distortion is only weakly reduced, reacting on significantly longer time scales that do not correlate with light-induced superconductivity. This experiment suggests that charge modulations alone, and not the LTT distortion, prevent superconductivity in equilibrium.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Först
- Max-Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - R I Tobey
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, 9747AG Groningen, Netherlands
| | - H Bromberger
- Max-Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - S B Wilkins
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - V Khanna
- Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom and Diamond Light Source, Chilton, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - A D Caviglia
- Max-Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Y-D Chuang
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley 94720, California, USA
| | - W S Lee
- SIMES, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory and Stanford University, Menlo Park 94025, California, USA
| | - W F Schlotter
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park 94025, California, USA
| | - J J Turner
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park 94025, California, USA
| | - M P Minitti
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park 94025, California, USA
| | - O Krupin
- European XFEL GmbH, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Z J Xu
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J S Wen
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G D Gu
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - S S Dhesi
- Diamond Light Source, Chilton, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - A Cavalleri
- Max-Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, 22761 Hamburg, Germany and Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom and Center for Free Electron Laser Science and University of Hamburg, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - J P Hill
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
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30
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Kubacka T, Johnson JA, Hoffmann MC, Vicario C, de Jong S, Beaud P, Grubel S, Huang SW, Huber L, Patthey L, Chuang YD, Turner JJ, Dakovski GL, Lee WS, Minitti MP, Schlotter W, Moore RG, Hauri CP, Koohpayeh SM, Scagnoli V, Ingold G, Johnson SL, Staub U. Large-Amplitude Spin Dynamics Driven by a THz Pulse in Resonance with an Electromagnon. Science 2014; 343:1333-6. [DOI: 10.1126/science.1242862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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31
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Jones MWM, van Riessen GA, Abbey B, Putkunz CT, Junker MD, Balaur E, Vine DJ, McNulty I, Chen B, Arhatari BD, Frankland S, Nugent KA, Tilley L, Peele AG. Whole-cell phase contrast imaging at the nanoscale using Fresnel coherent diffractive imaging tomography. Sci Rep 2014; 3:2288. [PMID: 23887204 PMCID: PMC3724183 DOI: 10.1038/srep02288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2013] [Accepted: 07/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
X-ray tomography can provide structural information of whole cells in close to their native state. Radiation-induced damage, however, imposes a practical limit to image resolution, and as such, a choice between damage, image contrast, and image resolution must be made. New coherent diffractive imaging techniques, such Fresnel Coherent Diffractive Imaging (FCDI), allows quantitative phase information with exceptional dose efficiency, high contrast, and nano-scale resolution. Here we present three-dimensional quantitative images of a whole eukaryotic cell by FCDI at a spatial resolution below 70 nm with sufficient phase contrast to distinguish major cellular components. From our data, we estimate that the minimum dose required for a similar resolution is close to that predicted by the Rose criterion, considerably below accepted estimates of the maximum dose a frozen-hydrated cell can tolerate. Based on the dose efficiency, contrast, and resolution achieved, we expect this technique will find immediate applications in tomographic cellular characterisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael W M Jones
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Coherent X-Ray Science, Department of Physics, La Trobe University, Victoria 3086, Australia
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32
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Liu J, Kargarian M, Kareev M, Gray B, Ryan PJ, Cruz A, Tahir N, Chuang YD, Guo J, Rondinelli JM, Freeland JW, Fiete GA, Chakhalian J. Heterointerface engineered electronic and magnetic phases of NdNiO3 thin films. Nat Commun 2013; 4:2714. [DOI: 10.1038/ncomms3714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2013] [Accepted: 10/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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33
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de Jong S, Kukreja R, Trabant C, Pontius N, Chang CF, Kachel T, Beye M, Sorgenfrei F, Back CH, Bräuer B, Schlotter WF, Turner JJ, Krupin O, Doehler M, Zhu D, Hossain MA, Scherz AO, Fausti D, Novelli F, Esposito M, Lee WS, Chuang YD, Lu DH, Moore RG, Yi M, Trigo M, Kirchmann P, Pathey L, Golden MS, Buchholz M, Metcalf P, Parmigiani F, Wurth W, Föhlisch A, Schüßler-Langeheine C, Dürr HA. Speed limit of the insulator-metal transition in magnetite. NATURE MATERIALS 2013; 12:882-6. [PMID: 23892787 DOI: 10.1038/nmat3718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2012] [Accepted: 06/24/2013] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
As the oldest known magnetic material, magnetite (Fe3O4) has fascinated mankind for millennia. As the first oxide in which a relationship between electrical conductivity and fluctuating/localized electronic order was shown, magnetite represents a model system for understanding correlated oxides in general. Nevertheless, the exact mechanism of the insulator-metal, or Verwey, transition has long remained inaccessible. Recently, three-Fe-site lattice distortions called trimerons were identified as the characteristic building blocks of the low-temperature insulating electronically ordered phase. Here we investigate the Verwey transition with pump-probe X-ray diffraction and optical reflectivity techniques, and show how trimerons become mobile across the insulator-metal transition. We find this to be a two-step process. After an initial 300 fs destruction of individual trimerons, phase separation occurs on a 1.5±0.2 ps timescale to yield residual insulating and metallic regions. This work establishes the speed limit for switching in future oxide electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- S de Jong
- 1] Stanford Institute for Energy and Materials Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA [2]
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34
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Chuang YD, Lee WS, Kung YF, Sorini AP, Moritz B, Moore RG, Patthey L, Trigo M, Lu DH, Kirchmann PS, Yi M, Krupin O, Langner M, Zhu Y, Zhou SY, Reis DA, Huse N, Robinson JS, Kaindl RA, Schoenlein RW, Johnson SL, Först M, Doering D, Denes P, Schlotter WF, Turner JJ, Sasagawa T, Hussain Z, Shen ZX, Devereaux TP. Real-time manifestation of strongly coupled spin and charge order parameters in stripe-ordered La(1.75)Sr(0.25)NiO(4) nickelate crystals using time-resolved resonant x-ray diffraction. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2013; 110:127404. [PMID: 25166848 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.110.127404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2012] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the order parameter dynamics of the stripe-ordered nickelate, La(1.75)Sr(0.25)NiO(4), using time-resolved resonant x-ray diffraction. In spite of distinct spin and charge energy scales, the two order parameters' amplitude dynamics are found to be linked together due to strong coupling. Additionally, the vector nature of the spin sector introduces a longer reorientation time scale which is absent in the charge sector. These findings demonstrate that the correlation linking the symmetry-broken states does not unbind during the nonequilibrium process, and the time scales are not necessarily associated with the characteristic energy scales of individual degrees of freedom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y D Chuang
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - W S Lee
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Y F Kung
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - A P Sorini
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA and Physics Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - B Moritz
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA and Department of Physics and Astrophysics, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota 58202, USA and Department of Physics, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois 60115, USA
| | - R G Moore
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - L Patthey
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA and Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
| | - M Trigo
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford PULSE Institute, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - D H Lu
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - P S Kirchmann
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - M Yi
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - O Krupin
- European XFEL GmbH, 22607 Hamburg, Germany and Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94720, USA
| | - M Langner
- Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Y Zhu
- Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S Y Zhou
- Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D A Reis
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford PULSE Institute, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - N Huse
- Max-Planck Department for Structural Dynamics, Center for Free Electron Laser Science, University of Hamburg, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - J S Robinson
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94720, USA
| | - R A Kaindl
- Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - R W Schoenlein
- Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S L Johnson
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
| | - M Först
- Max-Planck Department for Structural Dynamics, Center for Free Electron Laser Science, University of Hamburg, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - D Doering
- Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - P Denes
- Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - W F Schlotter
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94720, USA
| | - J J Turner
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94720, USA
| | - T Sasagawa
- Materials and Structures Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan
| | - Z Hussain
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Z X Shen
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - T P Devereaux
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
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35
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Tobey R, Wall S, Först M, Bromberger H, Khanna V, Turner J, Schlotter W, Trigo M, Krupin O, Lee WS, Chuang YD, Moore R, Cavalieri A, Wilkins SB, Zeng H, Mitchell JF, Dhesi S, Cavalleri A, Hill JP. Measuring 3D magnetic correlations during the photo-induced melting of electronic order in La 0.5Sr 1.5MnO 4. EPJ WEB OF CONFERENCES 2013. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20134103003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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36
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Phase fluctuations and the absence of topological defects in a photo-excited charge-ordered nickelate. Nat Commun 2012; 3:838. [PMID: 22588300 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms1837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2012] [Accepted: 04/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The dynamics of an order parameter's amplitude and phase determines the collective behaviour of novel states emerging in complex materials. Time- and momentum-resolved pump-probe spectroscopy, by virtue of measuring material properties at atomic and electronic time scales out of equilibrium, can decouple entangled degrees of freedom by visualizing their corresponding dynamics in the time domain. Here we combine time-resolved femotosecond optical and resonant X-ray diffraction measurements on charge ordered La(1.75)Sr(0.25)NiO(4) to reveal unforeseen photoinduced phase fluctuations of the charge order parameter. Such fluctuations preserve long-range order without creating topological defects, distinct from thermal phase fluctuations near the critical temperature in equilibrium. Importantly, relaxation of the phase fluctuations is found to be an order of magnitude slower than that of the order parameter's amplitude fluctuations, and thus limits charge order recovery. This new aspect of phase fluctuations provides a more holistic view of the phase's importance in ordering phenomena of quantum matter.
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37
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Schlotter WF, Turner JJ, Rowen M, Heimann P, Holmes M, Krupin O, Messerschmidt M, Moeller S, Krzywinski J, Soufli R, Fernández-Perea M, Kelez N, Lee S, Coffee R, Hays G, Beye M, Gerken N, Sorgenfrei F, Hau-Riege S, Juha L, Chalupsky J, Hajkova V, Mancuso AP, Singer A, Yefanov O, Vartanyants IA, Cadenazzi G, Abbey B, Nugent KA, Sinn H, Lüning J, Schaffert S, Eisebitt S, Lee WS, Scherz A, Nilsson AR, Wurth W. The soft x-ray instrument for materials studies at the linac coherent light source x-ray free-electron laser. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2012; 83:043107. [PMID: 22559515 DOI: 10.1063/1.3698294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The soft x-ray materials science instrument is the second operational beamline at the linac coherent light source x-ray free electron laser. The instrument operates with a photon energy range of 480-2000 eV and features a grating monochromator as well as bendable refocusing mirrors. A broad range of experimental stations may be installed to study diverse scientific topics such as: ultrafast chemistry, surface science, highly correlated electron systems, matter under extreme conditions, and laboratory astrophysics. Preliminary commissioning results are presented including the first soft x-ray single-shot energy spectrum from a free electron laser.
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Affiliation(s)
- W F Schlotter
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Rd., Menlo Park, California 94025, USA.
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