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Lin Z, Ali MM, Yi X, Zhang L, Wang S, Chen F. Unlocking the Potential of Carbon Quantum Dots for Cell Imaging, Intracellular Localization, and Gene Expression Control in Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15700. [PMID: 37958684 PMCID: PMC10648342 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Utilizing carbon quantum dots (CQDs) as biomaterials for delivering small substances has gained significant attention in recent research. However, the interactions and mechanisms of action of CQDs on plants have received relatively little focus. Herein, we investigated the transportation of CQDs into various organs of Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. via the vessel system, leading to the epigenetic inheritance of Argonaute family genes. Our findings reveal that CQDs may interact with microRNAs (miRNAs), leading to the repression of post-transcriptional regulation of target genes in the cytoplasm. Transcriptome and quantitative PCR analyses demonstrated consistent gene expression levels in offspring. Moreover, microscopic observations illustrated rapid CQD localization on cell membranes and nuclei, with increased nuclear entry at higher concentrations. Notably, our study identified an alternative regulatory microRNA, microRNA172D, for the Argonaute family genes through methylation analysis, shedding light on the connection between CQDs and microRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhimin Lin
- Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences Biotechnology Institute, Fuzhou 350003, China
| | - Muhammad Moaaz Ali
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (M.M.A.); (X.Y.); (L.Z.); (S.W.); (F.C.)
| | - Xiaoyan Yi
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (M.M.A.); (X.Y.); (L.Z.); (S.W.); (F.C.)
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (M.M.A.); (X.Y.); (L.Z.); (S.W.); (F.C.)
| | - Shaojuan Wang
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (M.M.A.); (X.Y.); (L.Z.); (S.W.); (F.C.)
| | - Faxing Chen
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (M.M.A.); (X.Y.); (L.Z.); (S.W.); (F.C.)
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Sajid M, Amjid M, Munir H, Valipour M, Rasul F, Khil A, Alqahtani MD, Ahmad M, Zulfiqar U, Iqbal R, Ali MF, Ibtahaj I. Enhancing Sugarcane Yield and Sugar Quality through Optimal Application of Polymer-Coated Single Super Phosphate and Irrigation Management. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3432. [PMID: 37836172 PMCID: PMC10574698 DOI: 10.3390/plants12193432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
The judicious use of crop input is of prime importance for achieving a considerable output with a low-cost input. A two-year field experimentation was executed to assess the effect of varying polymer-coated single super phosphate (SSP) regimes on the yield and quality of sugarcane under differential water regimes. A two-factor study was executed under a randomized complete block design with a split-plot arrangement. The CPF-249 sugarcane variety was planted during the 2019-2020 period and the 2020-2021 period. The experiment consisted of four levels of polymer-coated SSP, i.e., control, 90, 110, and 130 kg ha-1, and three water regimes, which consisted of a number of irrigations, i.e., 18 irrigations, 15 irrigations, and 12 irrigations. Moreover, the water regimes were kept in the main plot, whereas the polymer-coated supplement was allocated in a subplot and replicated thrice. The data on the yield components and sugar-related traits were recorded during both years of study, and the treatment means were differentiated using an LSD test at a 95% confidence interval. Summating the findings of this study, a significant variation was revealed under the subject levels of both factors. Statistically, a 110 kg ha-1 polymer-coated SSP dose, along with 18 irrigations, declared the highest millable canes, stripped cane yield, and unstripped cane yield, followed by the 130 kg ha-1 treatment. Additionally, the highest pol% and cane sugar recovery % were recorded under 12 irrigations along with 130 kg ha-1 during both years. Similarly, the °Brix value was also significantly affected by 12 irrigations when 110 kg ha-1 of polymer-coated SSP was used. The unstripped cane yield had a strong positive correlation with the stripped cane yield, millable canes, and the number of internodes. Moreover, the commercial cane sugar % resulted in a strong positive correlation with the pol%, whereas the cane sugar recovery % revealed a strong positive correlation with the pol% and commercial cane sugar %.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Sajid
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan; (M.S.); (M.A.); (H.M.); (F.R.); (M.A.)
| | - Muhammad Amjid
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan; (M.S.); (M.A.); (H.M.); (F.R.); (M.A.)
| | - Hassan Munir
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan; (M.S.); (M.A.); (H.M.); (F.R.); (M.A.)
| | - Mohammad Valipour
- Department of Engineering and Engineering Technology, Metropolitan State University of Denver, Denver, CO 80217, USA
| | - Fahd Rasul
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan; (M.S.); (M.A.); (H.M.); (F.R.); (M.A.)
| | - Aka Khil
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan; (M.S.); (M.A.); (H.M.); (F.R.); (M.A.)
| | - Mashael Daghash Alqahtani
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Ahmad
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan; (M.S.); (M.A.); (H.M.); (F.R.); (M.A.)
| | - Usman Zulfiqar
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan;
| | - Rashid Iqbal
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan;
| | - Muhammad Fraz Ali
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Xianyang 712100, China;
| | - Iqra Ibtahaj
- Department of Botany, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
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Sajid M, Amjid M, Munir H, Ahmad M, Zulfiqar U, Ali MF, Abul Farah M, Ahmed MAA, Artyszak A. Comparative Analysis of Growth and Physiological Responses of Sugarcane Elite Genotypes to Water Stress and Sandy Loam Soils. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2759. [PMID: 37570912 PMCID: PMC10421443 DOI: 10.3390/plants12152759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Stumpy irrigation water availability is extremely important for sugarcane production in Pakistan today. This issue is rising inversely to river flow due to inadequate water distribution and an uneven rainfall pattern. Sugarcane growth faces a shortage of available water for plant uptake due to the low water-holding capacity of sandy loam soil, particularly under conventional flood irrigation methods. To address this problem, sugarcane clones were evaluated for their agronomic and physiological traits under conditions of low water availability in sandy loam soil. Ten cane genotypes, HSF-240, SPF-213, CPF-249, CP 77-400, S2008-FD-19, S2006-US-469, S2007-AUS-384, S2003-US-633, S2003-US-127, and S2006-US-658, were exposed to four levels of water deficit created through skip irrigations. These deficit levels occurred during the 9th, 11th, 13th, and 16th irrigations at alternate deficit levels between 2020 and 2022. Physiological data were collected during the tillering and grand growth stages (elongation) in response to the water deficit. The sugarcane clones S2006-US-658, S2007-AUS-384, and HSF-240 exhibited resistance to low water availability at both the tillering and grand growth stages. Following them, genotypes S2006-US-658, S2007-AUS-384, and HSF-240 performed better and were also found to be statistically significant. Clones susceptible to water deficit in terms of growth and development were identified as CP 77-400, S2008-FD-19, S2006-US-469, and S2003-US-633. These genotypes showed reduced photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, relative water content, cane yield, and proline content under stressed conditions. Therefore, genotypes S2006-US-658, S2007-AUS-384, and HSF-240 were better performers concerning physiological traits under water deficit and sandy loam soil in both years. Moreover, a significant positive correlation was assessed between agronomic traits and photosynthetic rats. This study highlights that sugarcane can sustain its growth and development even with less irrigation frequency or moisture availability, albeit with certain specific variations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Sajid
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan (M.A.); (H.M.); (M.A.)
| | - Muhammad Amjid
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan (M.A.); (H.M.); (M.A.)
| | - Hassan Munir
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan (M.A.); (H.M.); (M.A.)
| | - Muhammad Ahmad
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan (M.A.); (H.M.); (M.A.)
| | - Usman Zulfiqar
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Fraz Ali
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Xianyang 712100, China;
| | - Mohammad Abul Farah
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohamed A. A. Ahmed
- Plant Production Department (Horticulture—Medicinal and Aromatic Plants), Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, Alexandria 21531, Egypt;
- School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Arkadiusz Artyszak
- Institute of Agriculture, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland;
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Fadiji AE, Yadav AN, Santoyo G, Babalola OO. Understanding the plant-microbe interactions in environments exposed to abiotic stresses: An overview. Microbiol Res 2023; 271:127368. [PMID: 36965460 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2023.127368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023]
Abstract
Abiotic stress poses a severe danger to agriculture since it negatively impacts cellular homeostasis and eventually stunts plant growth and development. Abiotic stressors like drought and excessive heat are expected to occur more frequently in the future due to climate change, which would reduce the yields of important crops like maize, wheat, and rice which may jeopardize the food security of human populations. The plant microbiomes are a varied and taxonomically organized microbial community that is connected to plants. By supplying nutrients and water to plants, and regulating their physiology and metabolism, plant microbiota frequently helps plants develop and tolerate abiotic stresses, which can boost crop yield under abiotic stresses. In this present study, with emphasis on temperature, salt, and drought stress, we describe current findings on how abiotic stresses impact the plants, microbiomes, microbe-microbe interactions, and plant-microbe interactions as the way microorganisms affect the metabolism and physiology of the plant. We also explore crucial measures that must be taken in applying plant microbiomes in agriculture practices faced with abiotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayomide Emmanuel Fadiji
- Food Security and Safety Focus Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa
| | - Ajar Nath Yadav
- Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Dr. Khem Singh Gill Akal College of Agriculture, Eternal University, Baru Sahib, India
| | - Gustavo Santoyo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Mich 58030, Mexico
| | - Olubukola Oluranti Babalola
- Food Security and Safety Focus Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa.
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Kausar A, Hussain S, Javed T, Zafar S, Anwar S, Hussain S, Zahra N, Saqib M. Zinc oxide nanoparticles as potential hallmarks for enhancing drought stress tolerance in wheat seedlings. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 195:341-350. [PMID: 36681064 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Drought is one of the major abiotic stresses which negatively affects plant growth and development. The current study evaluated the effects of drought on the growth, physiology, and biochemical attributes of wheat seedlings; and examined the role of foliar application of ZnO nanoparticles in alleviating drought-induced effects. Two wheat cultivars i.e., Anaj-2017 and FSD-2018 were grown in soil-filled pots and were subjected to 100% field capacity (FC) (well watered) and 50% of FC (drought stress). Whilst different treatments of ZnO nanoparticles spray included no spray, water spray, and 50, 100, and 150 ppm ZnO. Results demonstrated that drought caused a significant reduction in seedling fresh and dry weights, photosynthetic pigmentation, and antioxidant activities compared with a well-watered treatment. Nevertheless, the application of 100 and 150 ppm of ZnO nanoparticles effectively ameliorated the negative effects of drought and enhanced the performance of both cultivars under drought. Data revealed a significant increase in fresh and dry weight of shoot and root with the application of ZnO nanoparticles. A substantial increase of 73.68% and 28.51% in chlorophyll "a" and 26.15% and 50.02% in chlorophyll "b" was recorded with the application of 100 ppm of ZnO nanoparticles in Anaj-2017 and FSD-2018, respectively over control (0 ppm). The application of these nanoparticles also triggered the antioxidant defense system and protected the crop from oxidative damage. Averaged across different stress treatments, application of 150 and 100 ppm of ZnO nanoparticles increased the peroxidase activity by 60% and 72% in FSD-2018, and 15% and 23% in Anaj-2017, respectively compared with no spray. FSD-2018 outperformed Anaj-2017 regarding its overall performance under ZnO treatments and drought conditions. In a nutshell, it can be concluded that ZnO nanoparticles ameliorated the negative impacts of drought by improving the growth, physiology, and antioxidant defense of both wheat cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abida Kausar
- Department of Botany, GC Women University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Sadam Hussain
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
| | - Talha Javed
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350003, China
| | - Sara Zafar
- Department of Botany, GC University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Sumera Anwar
- Department of Botany, GC Women University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Saddam Hussain
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Noreen Zahra
- Department of Botany, GC Women University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Saqib
- Agronomic Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
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