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Yadav R, Nandy A, Bisoi A, Mukherjee S. Exploring the Specific Role of Iron Center in the Catalytic Activity of Human Serum Transferrin: CTAB-Induced Conformational Changes and Sequestration by Mixed Micelles. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:6172-6186. [PMID: 38467540 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c03414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Conformational changes play a seminal role in modulating the activity of proteins. This concept becomes all the more relevant in the context of metalloproteins, owing to the formation of specific conformation(s) induced by internal perturbations (like a change in pH, ligand binding, or receptor binding), which may carry out the binding and release of the metal ion/ions from the metal binding center of the protein. Herein, we investigated the conformational changes of an iron-binding protein, monoferric human serum transferrin (Fe-hTF), using several spectroscopic approaches. We could reversibly tune the cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB)-induced conformation of the protein, exploiting the concept of mixed micelles formed by three sequestrating agents: (3-[(3-cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonio]-1-propanesulfonate) hydrate (CHAPS) and two bile salts, namely, sodium cholate (NaC) and sodium deoxycholate (NaDC). The formation of mixed micelles between CTAB and these reagents (CHAPS/NaC/NaDC) results in the sequestration of CTAB molecules from the protein environment and aids the protein in reattaining its native-like structure. However, the guanidinium hydrochloride-induced denatured Fe-hTF did not acquire its native-like structure using these sequestrating agents, which substantiates the exclusive role of mixed micelles in the present study. Apart from this, we found that the conformation of transferrin (adopted in the presence of CTAB) displays pronounced esterase-like activity toward the para-nitrophenyl acetate (PNPA) substrate as compared to native transferrin. We also outlined the impact of the iron center and amino acids surrounding the iron center on the effective catalytic activity in the CTAB medium. We estimated ∼3 times higher specific catalytic efficiency for the iron-depleted Apo-hTF compared to the fully iron-saturated Fe2-hTF in the presence of CTAB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhopal 462 066, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Atanu Nandy
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhopal 462 066, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Asim Bisoi
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhopal 462 066, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Saptarshi Mukherjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhopal 462 066, Madhya Pradesh, India
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2
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Aslam S, Zulfiqar F, Hameed W, Qureshi S, Zaroon, Bashir H. Fusion proteins development strategies and their role as cancer therapeutic agents. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2024; 71:81-95. [PMID: 37822167 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Cancer continues to be leading cause of morbidity and mortality despite decades of research and advancement in chemotherapy. Most tumors can be reduced via standard oncology treatments, such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgical resection, and they frequently recur. Significant progress has been made since targeted cancer therapy inception in creation of medications that exhibit improved tumor-selective action. Particularly in preclinical and clinical investigations, fusion proteins have shown strong activity and improved treatment outcomes for a number of human cancers. Synergistically combining many proteins into one complex allows the creation of synthetic fusion proteins with enhanced characteristics or new capabilities. Signal transduction pathways are important for onset, development, and spread of cancer. As result, signaling molecules are desirable targets for cancer therapies, and significant effort has been made into developing fusion proteins that would act as inhibitors of these pathways. A wide range of biotechnological and medicinal applications are made possible by fusion of protein domains that improves bioactivities or creates new functional combinations. Such proteins may function as immune effectors cell recruiters to tumors or as decoy receptors for various ligands. In this review article, we have outlined the standard methods for creating fusion proteins and covered the applications of fusion proteins in treatment of cancer. This article also highlights the role of fusion proteins in targeting the signaling pathways involved in cancer for effective treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shakira Aslam
- Center for Applied Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Warda Hameed
- King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shahnila Qureshi
- Center for Applied Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Zaroon
- Center for Applied Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Hamid Bashir
- Center for Applied Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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Masloh S, Culot M, Gosselet F, Chevrel A, Scapozza L, Zeisser Labouebe M. Challenges and Opportunities in the Oral Delivery of Recombinant Biologics. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15051415. [PMID: 37242657 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15051415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Recombinant biological molecules are at the cutting-edge of biomedical research thanks to the significant progress made in biotechnology and a better understanding of subcellular processes implicated in several diseases. Given their ability to induce a potent response, these molecules are becoming the drugs of choice for multiple pathologies. However, unlike conventional drugs which are mostly ingested, the majority of biologics are currently administered parenterally. Therefore, to improve their limited bioavailability when delivered orally, the scientific community has devoted tremendous efforts to develop accurate cell- and tissue-based models that allow for the determination of their capacity to cross the intestinal mucosa. Furthermore, several promising approaches have been imagined to enhance the intestinal permeability and stability of recombinant biological molecules. This review summarizes the main physiological barriers to the oral delivery of biologics. Several preclinical in vitro and ex vivo models currently used to assess permeability are also presented. Finally, the multiple strategies explored to address the challenges of administering biotherapeutics orally are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solene Masloh
- Laboratoire de la Barrière Hémato-Encéphalique (LBHE), Faculté des sciences Jean Perrin, University of Artois, UR 2465, Rue Jean Souvraz, 62300 Lens, France
- Affilogic, 24 Rue de la Rainière, 44300 Nantes, France
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, 1 Rue Michel Servet, 1201 Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, 1 Rue Michel Servet, 1201 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Maxime Culot
- Laboratoire de la Barrière Hémato-Encéphalique (LBHE), Faculté des sciences Jean Perrin, University of Artois, UR 2465, Rue Jean Souvraz, 62300 Lens, France
| | - Fabien Gosselet
- Laboratoire de la Barrière Hémato-Encéphalique (LBHE), Faculté des sciences Jean Perrin, University of Artois, UR 2465, Rue Jean Souvraz, 62300 Lens, France
| | - Anne Chevrel
- Affilogic, 24 Rue de la Rainière, 44300 Nantes, France
| | - Leonardo Scapozza
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, 1 Rue Michel Servet, 1201 Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, 1 Rue Michel Servet, 1201 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Magali Zeisser Labouebe
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, 1 Rue Michel Servet, 1201 Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, 1 Rue Michel Servet, 1201 Geneva, Switzerland
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4
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Teal CJ, Ho MT, Huo L, Harada H, Bahlmann LC, Léveillard T, Monnier PP, Ramachandran A, Shoichet MS. Affinity-controlled release of rod-derived cone viability factor enhances cone photoreceptor survival. Acta Biomater 2023; 161:37-49. [PMID: 36898472 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a group of genetic diseases that results in rod photoreceptor cell degeneration, which subsequently leads to cone photoreceptor cell death, impaired vision and eventual blindness. Rod-derived cone viability factor (RdCVF) is a protein which has two isoforms: a short form (RdCVF) and a long form (RdCVFL) which act on cone photoreceptors in the retina. RdCVFL protects photoreceptors by reducing hyperoxia in the retina; however, sustained delivery of RdCVFL remains challenging. We developed an affinity-controlled release strategy for RdCVFL. An injectable physical blend of hyaluronan and methylcellulose (HAMC) was covalently modified with a peptide binding partner of the Src homology 3 (SH3) domain. This domain was expressed as a fusion protein with RdCVFL, thereby enabling its controlled release from HAMC-binding peptide. Sustained release of RdCVFL was demonstrated for the first time as RdCVFL-SH3 from HAMC-binding peptide for 7 d in vitro. To assess bioactivity, chick retinal dissociates were harvested and treated with the affinity-released recombinant protein from the HAMC-binding peptide vehicle. After 6 d in culture, cone cell viability was greater when cultured with released RdCVFL-SH3 relative to controls. We utilized computational fluid dynamics to model release of RdCVFL-SH3 from our delivery vehicle in the vitreous of the human eye. We demonstrate that our delivery vehicle can prolong the bioavailability of RdCVFL-SH3 in the retina, potentially enhancing its therapeutic effects. Our affinity-based system constitutes a versatile delivery platform for ultimate intraocular injection in the treatment of retinal degenerative diseases. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is the leading cause of inherited blindness in the world. Rod-derived cone viability factor (RdCVF), a novel protein paracrine factor, is effective in preclinical models of RP. To extend its therapeutic effects, we developed an affinity-controlled release strategy for the long form of RdCVF, RdCVFL. We expressed RdCVFL as a fusion protein with an Src homology 3 domain (SH3). We then utilized a hydrogel composed of hyaluronan and methylcellulose (HAMC) and modified it with SH3 binding peptides to investigate its release in vitro. Furthermore, we designed a mathematical model of the human eye to investigate delivery of the protein from the delivery vehicle. This work paves the way for future investigation of controlled release RdCVF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carter J Teal
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College Street, M5S 3G9 Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, 160 College Street, M5S3E1 Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Margaret T Ho
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College Street, M5S 3G9 Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, 160 College Street, M5S3E1 Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lia Huo
- Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, 160 College Street, M5S3E1 Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, M5S 1A8 Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hidekiyo Harada
- Donald K. Johnson Research Institute, Krembil Research Institute, Krembil Discovery Tower, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Laura C Bahlmann
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College Street, M5S 3G9 Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, 160 College Street, M5S3E1 Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Thierry Léveillard
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 17 rue Moreau, F-75012 Paris, France
| | - Philippe P Monnier
- Donald K. Johnson Research Institute, Krembil Research Institute, Krembil Discovery Tower, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Arun Ramachandran
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, M5S 3E5 Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Molly S Shoichet
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College Street, M5S 3G9 Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, 160 College Street, M5S3E1 Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, M5S 1A8 Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, M5S 3E5 Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 Saint George Street, M5S 3H6 Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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5
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Yang Y, Zhou R, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Yu J, Gu Z. Recent Advances in Oral and Transdermal Protein Delivery Systems. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202214795. [PMID: 36478123 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202214795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Protein and peptide drugs are predominantly administered by injection to achieve high bioavailability, but this greatly compromises patient compliance. Oral and transdermal drug delivery with minimal invasiveness and high adherence represent attractive alternatives to injection administration. However, oral and transdermal administration of bioactive proteins must overcome biological barriers, namely the gastrointestinal and skin barriers, respectively. The rapid development of new materials and technologies promises to address these physiological obstacles. This review provides an overview of the latest advances in oral and transdermal protein delivery, including chemical strategies, synthetic nanoparticles, medical microdevices, and biomimetic systems for oral administration, as well as chemical enhancers, physical approaches, and microneedles in transdermal delivery. We also discuss challenges and future perspectives of the field with a focus on innovation and translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinxian Yang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Advanced Drug Delivery Systems, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Ruyi Zhou
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Advanced Drug Delivery Systems, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yanfang Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Advanced Drug Delivery Systems, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yuqi Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Advanced Drug Delivery Systems, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.,Department of Burns and Wound Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Jicheng Yu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Advanced Drug Delivery Systems, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.,Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, 311121, China.,Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Jinhua, 321299, China.,Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Zhen Gu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Advanced Drug Delivery Systems, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.,Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, 311121, China.,Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Jinhua, 321299, China.,Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China.,MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
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6
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Pandya N, Kumar A. An immunoinformatics analysis: design of a multi-epitope vaccine against Cryptosporidium hominis by employing heat shock protein triggers the innate and adaptive immune responses. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:13563-13579. [PMID: 36764824 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2175373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Cryptosporidium hominis, an anthropologically transferred species in the Cryptosporidium genus, represents many clinical studies in several countries. Its growth in the recent decade is primarily owing to epidemiologic studies. This parasite has complicated life cycles that require differentiation through a variety of phases of development and passage across two or more hosts throughout their lifetimes. As they move from host to host and environment to environment, pathogenic organisms are continually exposed to unexpected changes in the circumstances under which they develop. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are targets of the host immune response; they are involved in the progression of diseases and play a significant part in this process. It has been discovered that the immunodominant immunogenic antigens in parasite infections HSPs. In this study, we have generated a multi-epitope vaccine against Cryptosporidium hominis (C. hominis) by using heat shock proteins. The epitopes that were selected had a substantial binding affinity for the B- and T-cell reference set of alleles, a high antigenicity score, a nature that was not allergic, a high solubility, non-toxicity and good binders. The epitopes were incorporated into a chimeric vaccine by using appropriate linkers. In order to increase the immunogenicity of the connected epitopes and effectively activate both innate and adaptive immunity, an adjuvant was attached to the epitopes. We have also analyzed the physiochemical characteristics of the vaccine which were satisfactory and then lead to the development of a 3D model. In addition, the binding confirmation of the vaccine to the TLR-4 innate immune receptor was also determined using molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. The results of this simulation show that the vaccine has a strong binding affinity for TLR4, which indicates that the vaccine is highly effective. In general, the vaccine that has been described here has a good potential for inducing protective and targeted immunogenicity, however, this hypothesis is contingent upon more experimental testing.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirali Pandya
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Amit Kumar
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
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7
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Duan T, Rodriguez-Tirado F, Geyer PK. Immunohistochemical Analysis of Nuclear Lamina Structures in the Drosophila Ovary Using CRISPR-Tagged Genes. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2626:109-134. [PMID: 36715902 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2970-3_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The Drosophila ovary represents an outstanding model for investigating tissue homeostasis. Females continuously produce oocytes throughout their lifetime. However, as females age, fecundity declines, in part, due to changes in ovarian niche function and germline stem cell (GSC) homeostasis. Understanding the dynamics of GSC maintenance will provide needed insights into how coordinated tissue homeostasis is lost during aging. Critical regulators of GSC maintenance are proteins that reside in the nuclear lamina (NL), including the NL proteins emerin and Barrier-to-Autointegration Factor (BAF). Continued investigation of how emerin, BAF, and other NL proteins contribute to GSC function depends upon the availability of antibodies for NL proteins, a limiting resource. In this chapter, we discuss strategies for using clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) genomic editing to produce endogenously tagged NL genes to circumvent this obstacle, using the generation of the gfp-baf allele as an example. We describe strategies for validation of tagged alleles. Finally, we outline methods for immunohistochemical analysis of resulting tagged-NL proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Duan
- Department of Biochemistry, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Felipe Rodriguez-Tirado
- Department of Biochemistry and Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Pamela K Geyer
- Department of Biochemistry, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
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8
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Cheng Q, Zhang XN, Zhang L, Chen J, Wang Y, Zhang Y. A Poly-ADP-Ribose Polymer-GCSF Conjugate. Biomacromolecules 2022; 23:5267-5272. [PMID: 36350184 PMCID: PMC9772087 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c01090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Poly-ADP-ribose (PAR) is a naturally occurring form of polymers synthesized through enzymatic reactions catalyzed by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs). It is known for regulating various important cellular signaling pathways and processes. As a water soluble and biocompatible type of polymer, PAR may hold promise for safe and efficient delivery of therapeutics. To explore the therapeutic potential of PAR polymers, we herein generate PAR polymers conjugated with human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (GCSF) protein by harnessing human PARP1-catalyzed auto-poly-ADP-ribosylation and a clickable analogue of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+). The resulting PAR polymer-based conjugate with multivalent GCSF ligands exhibits a potent cell proliferative activity. Notably, mice treated with a single dose of the PAR polymer-GCSF conjugate show sustained high levels of neutrophil in blood for 11 days, demonstrating excellent in vivo efficacy. Functionalized PAR polymers may provide new scaffolds for conjugating with therapeutic proteins or peptides toward improved pharmacological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinqin Cheng
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089
| | - Xiao-Nan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089
| | - Jingwen Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089
| | - Yiling Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, Department of Chemistry, Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, Research Center for Liver Diseases, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089,
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9
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Mahmoud NA, Elshafei AM, Almofti YA. A novel strategy for developing vaccine candidate against Jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus from the envelope and gag proteins: an in-silico approach. BMC Vet Res 2022; 18:343. [PMID: 36085036 PMCID: PMC9463060 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-022-03431-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sheep pulmonary adenocarcinoma (OPA) is a contagious lung cancer of sheep caused by the Jaagsiekte retrovirus (JSRV). OPA typically has a serious economic impact worldwide. A vaccine has yet to be developed, even though the disease has been globally spread, along with its complications. This study aimed to construct an effective multi-epitopes vaccine against JSRV eliciting B and T lymphocytes using immunoinformatics tools. RESULTS The designed vaccine was composed of 499 amino acids. Before the vaccine was computationally validated, all critical parameters were taken into consideration; including antigenicity, allergenicity, toxicity, and stability. The physiochemical properties of the vaccine displayed an isoelectric point of 9.88. According to the Instability Index (II), the vaccine was stable at 28.28. The vaccine scored 56.51 on the aliphatic index and -0.731 on the GRAVY, indicating that the vaccine was hydrophilic. The RaptorX server was used to predict the vaccine's tertiary structure, the GalaxyWEB server refined the structure, and the Ramachandran plot and the ProSA-web server validated the vaccine's tertiary structure. Protein-sol and the SOLPro servers showed the solubility of the vaccine. Moreover, the high mobile regions in the vaccine's structure were reduced and the vaccine's stability was improved by disulfide engineering. Also, the vaccine construct was docked with an ovine MHC-1 allele and showed efficient binding energy. Immune simulation remarkably showed high levels of immunoglobulins, T lymphocytes, and INF-γ secretions. The molecular dynamic simulation provided the stability of the constructed vaccine. Finally, the vaccine was back-transcribed into a DNA sequence and cloned into a pET-30a ( +) vector to affirm the potency of translation and microbial expression. CONCLUSION A novel multi-epitopes vaccine construct against JSRV, was formed from B and T lymphocytes epitopes, and was produced with potential protection. This study might help in controlling and eradicating OPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuha Amin Mahmoud
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology/ Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, National University, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Abdelmajeed M Elshafei
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology/ Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, National University, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Yassir A Almofti
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology/ Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, National University, Khartoum, Sudan.
- Department of Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bahri, Khartoum, Sudan.
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10
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Das PK, Sahoo A, Dasu VV. Current status, and the developments of hosts and expression systems for the production of recombinant human cytokines. Biotechnol Adv 2022; 59:107969. [PMID: 35525478 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2022.107969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cytokines consist of peptides, proteins and glycoproteins, which are biological signaling molecules, and boost cell-cell communication in immune reactions to stimulate cellular movements in the place of trauma, inflammation and infection. Recombinant cytokines are designed in such a way that they have generalized immunostimulation action or stimulate specific immune cells when the body encounters immunosuppressive signals from exogenous pathogens or other tumor microenvironments. Recombinant cytokines have improved the treatment processes for numerous diseases. They are also beneficial against novel toxicities that arise due to pharmacologic immunostimulators that lead to an imbalance in the regulation of cytokine. So, the production and use of recombinant human cytokines as therapeutic proteins are significant for medical treatment purposes. For the improved production of recombinant human cytokines, the development of host cells such as bacteria, yeast, fungi, insect, mammal and transgenic plants, and the specific expression systems for individual hosts is necessary. The recent advancements in the field of genetic engineering are beneficial for easy and efficient genetic manipulations for hosts as well as expression cassettes. The use of metabolic engineering and systems biology approaches have tremendous applications in recombinant protein production by generating mathematical models, and analyzing complex biological networks and metabolic pathways via simulations to understand the interconnections between metabolites and genetic behaviors. Further, the bioprocess developments and the optimization of cell culture conditions would enhance recombinant cytokines productivity on large scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabir Kumar Das
- Biochemical Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Ansuman Sahoo
- Biochemical Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Veeranki Venkata Dasu
- Biochemical Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India.
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11
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Esmaeilzadeh F, Mahmoodi S. A Novel Design of Multi-epitope Peptide Vaccine Against Pseudomonas
aeruginosa. LETT DRUG DES DISCOV 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/1570180818666211013110345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
As an opportunistic pathogen, Pseudomonas aeruginosa causes many different
hazardous infections. The high mortality rate resulting from infection with this antibiotic-resistant pathogen
has made it a major challenge in clinical treatment; it has been listed as the most harmful bacterium to
humans by the WHO. So far, no vaccine has been approved for P. aeruginosa.
Objective:
Infections performed by bacterial attachment and colonization with type IV pili (T4P), known
as the most essential adhesive vital for adhesion, while pilQ is necessary for the biogenesis of T4P, also
outer membrane proteins of a pathogen is also effective in stimulating the immune system; in this regard,
pilQ, OprF, and OprI, are excellent candidate antigens for production of an effective vaccine against P.
aeruginosa.
Methods:
In this research, various bioinformatics methods were employed in order to design a new multiepitope
peptide vaccine versus P. aeruginosa. Since T CD4+ cell immunity is important in eradicating P.
aeruginosa, OprF, OprI, and pilQ antigens were analyzed to determine Helper T cell Lymphocyte (HTL)
epitopes by many different immunoinformatics servers. One of the receptor agonists 2 (TLR2), a segment
of the Por B protein from Neisseria meningitides was used as an adjuvant in order to stimulate an effective
cellular immune response, and suitable linkers were used to connect all the above mentioned parts. In
the vaccine construct, linear B cell epitopes were also identified.
Results:
Conforming the bioinformatics forecasts, the designed vaccine possesses high antigenicity and is
not allergen.
Conclusion:
In this regard, the designed vaccine candidate is strongly believed to possess the potential of
inducing cellular and humoral immunity against P. aeruginosa.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shirin Mahmoodi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology,
School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Fars, Iran
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12
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Abstract
Despite the progress achieved by aqueous biphasic systems (ABSs) comprising ionic liquids (ILs) in extracting valuable proteins, the quest for bio-based and protein-friendly ILs continues. To address this need, this work uses natural organic acids as precursors in the synthesis of four ILs, namely tetrabutylammonium formate ([N4444][HCOO]), tetrabutylammonium acetate ([N4444][CH3COO]), tetrabutylphosphonium formate ([P4444][HCOO]), and tetrabutylphosphonium acetate ([P4444][CH3COO]). It is shown that ABSs can be prepared using all four organic acid-derived ILs paired with the salts potassium phosphate dibasic (K2HPO4) and tripotassium citrate (C6H5K3O7). According to the ABSs phase diagrams, [P4444]-based ILs outperform their ammonium congeners in their ability to undergo liquid–liquid demixing in the presence of salts due to their lower hydrogen-bond acidity. However, deviations to the Hofmeister series were detected in the salts’ effect, which may be related to the high charge density of the studied IL anions. As a proof of concept for their extraction potential, these ABSs were evaluated in extracting human transferrin, allowing extraction efficiencies of 100% and recovery yields ranging between 86 and 100%. To further disclose the molecular-level mechanisms behind the extraction of human transferrin, molecular docking studies were performed. Overall, the salting-out exerted by the salt is the main mechanism responsible for the complete extraction of human transferrin toward the IL-rich phase, whereas the recovery yield and protein-friendly nature of these systems depend on specific “IL-transferrin” interactions.
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13
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Nikravesh FY, Shirkhani S, Bayat E, Talebkhan Y, Mirabzadeh E, Sabzalinejad M, Aliabadi HAM, Nematollahi L, Ardakani YH, Sardari S. Extension of human GCSF serum half-life by the fusion of albumin binding domain. Sci Rep 2022; 12:667. [PMID: 35027593 PMCID: PMC8758692 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-04560-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Granulocyte colony stimulating factor (GCSF) can decrease mortality of patients undergo chemotherapy through increasing neutrophil counts. Many strategies have been developed to improve its blood circulating time. Albumin binding domain (ABD) was genetically fused to N-terminal end of GCSF encoding sequence and expressed as cytoplasmic inclusion bodies within Escherichia coli. Biological activity of ABD-GCSF protein was assessed by proliferation assay on NFS-60 cells. Physicochemical properties were analyzed through size exclusion chromatography, circular dichroism, intrinsic fluorescence spectroscopy and dynamic light scattering. Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetic properties were also investigated in a neutropenic rat model. CD and IFS spectra revealed that ABD fusion to GCSF did not significantly affect the secondary and tertiary structures of the molecule. DLS and SEC results indicated the absence of aggregation formation. EC50 value of the ABD-GCSF in proliferation of NFS-60 cells was 75.76 pg/ml after 72 h in comparison with control GCSF molecules (Filgrastim: 73.1 pg/ml and PEG-Filgrastim: 44.6 pg/ml). Animal studies of ABD-GCSF represented improved serum half-life (9.3 ± 0.7 h) and consequently reduced renal clearance (16.1 ± 1.4 ml/h.kg) in comparison with Filgrastim (1.7 ± 0.1 h). Enhanced neutrophils count following administration of ABD-GCSF was comparable with Filgrastim and weaker than PEG-Filgrastim treated rats. In vitro and in vivo results suggested the ABD fusion as a potential approach for improving GCSF properties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Samira Shirkhani
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Bayat
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yeganeh Talebkhan
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Esmat Mirabzadeh
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Leila Nematollahi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yalda Hosseinzadeh Ardakani
- Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetic Division, Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Soroush Sardari
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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14
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Mohammadzadeh R, Soleimanpour S, Pishdadian A, Farsiani H. Designing and development of epitope-based vaccines against Helicobacter pylori. Crit Rev Microbiol 2021; 48:489-512. [PMID: 34559599 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2021.1979934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori infection is the principal cause of serious diseases (e.g. gastric cancer and peptic ulcers). Antibiotic therapy is an inadequate strategy in H. pylori eradication because of which vaccination is an inevitable approach. Despite the presence of countless vaccine candidates, current vaccines in clinical trials have performed with poor efficacy which makes vaccination extremely challenging. Remarkable advancements in immunology and pathogenic biology have provided an appropriate opportunity to develop various epitope-based vaccines. The fusion of proper antigens involved in different aspects of H. pylori colonization and pathogenesis as well as peptide linkers and built-in adjuvants results in producing epitope-based vaccines with excellent therapeutic efficacy and negligible adverse effects. Difficulties of the in vitro culture of H. pylori, high genetic variation, and unfavourable immune responses against feeble epitopes in the complete antigen are major drawbacks of current vaccine strategies that epitope-based vaccines may overcome. Besides decreasing the biohazard risk, designing precise formulations, saving time and cost, and induction of maximum immunity with minimum adverse effects are the advantages of epitope-based vaccines. The present article is a comprehensive review of strategies for designing and developing epitope-based vaccines to provide insights into the innovative vaccination against H. pylori.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roghayeh Mohammadzadeh
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Microbiology and Virology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Saman Soleimanpour
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Reference Tuberculosis Laboratory, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Abbas Pishdadian
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - Hadi Farsiani
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Microbiology and Virology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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15
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Zhao Z, Ma S, Wu C, Li X, Ma X, Hu H, Wu J, Wang Y, Liu Z. Chimeric Peptides Quickly Modify the Surface of Personalized 3D Printing Titanium Implants to Promote Osseointegration. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:33981-33994. [PMID: 34260195 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c11207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Titanium (Ti) and titanium alloys have been widely used in the field of biomedicine. However, the unmatched biomechanics and poor bioactivities of conventional Ti implants usually lead to insufficient osseointegration. To tackle these challenges, it is critical to develop a novel Ti implant that meets the bioadaptive requirements for load-bearing critical bone defects. Notably, three-dimensional (3D)-printed Ti implants mimic the microstructure and mechanical properties of natural bones. Additionally, eco-friendly techniques based on inorganic-binding peptides have been applied to modify Ti surfaces. Herein, in our study, Ti surfaces were modified to reinforce osseointegration using chimeric peptides constructed by connecting W9, RP1P, and minTBP-1 directly or via (GP)4, respectively. PR1P is derived from the extracellular VEGF-binding domain of prominin-1, which increases the expression of VEGF and promotes the binding of VEGF to endothelial cells, thereby accelerating angiogenesis. W9 induces osteoblast differentiation in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and human mesenchymal stem cells to promote bone formation. Overall, chimeric peptides promote osseointegration by promoting angiogenesis and osteogenesis. Additionally, chimeric peptides with P3&4 were more effective than those with P1&2 in improving osseointegration, which might be ascribed to the capacity of P3&4 to provide a greater range for chimeric peptides to express their activity. This work successfully used chimeric peptides to modify 3D-Ti implant surfaces to improve osseointegration on the implant-bone surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhezhe Zhao
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiqing Ma
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenxuan Wu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuewen Li
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinying Ma
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Hu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Wu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, People's Republic of China
| | - Yonglan Wang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, People's Republic of China
| | - Zihao Liu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, People's Republic of China
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16
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Wang B, Su Z, Wu Y. Characterizing the function of domain linkers in regulating the dynamics of multi-domain fusion proteins by microsecond molecular dynamics simulations and artificial intelligence. Proteins 2021; 89:884-895. [PMID: 33620752 DOI: 10.1002/prot.26066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Multi-domain proteins are not only formed through natural evolution but can also be generated by recombinant DNA technology. Because many fusion proteins can enhance the selectivity of cell targeting, these artificially produced molecules, called multi-specific biologics, are promising drug candidates, especially for immunotherapy. Moreover, the rational design of domain linkers in fusion proteins is becoming an essential step toward a quantitative understanding of the dynamics in these biopharmaceutics. We developed a computational framework to characterize the impacts of peptide linkers on the dynamics of multi-specific biologics. Specifically, we first constructed a benchmark containing six types of linkers that represent various lengths and degrees of flexibility and used them to connect two natural proteins as a test system. We then projected the microsecond dynamics of these proteins generated from Anton onto a coarse-grained conformational space. We further analyzed the similarity of dynamics among different proteins in this low-dimensional space by a neural-network-based classification model. Finally, we applied hierarchical clustering to place linkers into different subgroups based on the classification results. The clustering results suggest that the length of linkers, which is used to spatially separate different functional modules, plays the most important role in regulating the dynamics of this fusion protein. Given the same number of amino acids, linker flexibility functions as a regulator of protein dynamics. In summary, we illustrated that a new computational strategy can be used to study the dynamics of multi-domain fusion proteins by a combination of long timescale molecular dynamics simulation, coarse-grained feature extraction, and artificial intelligence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wang
- Department of Systems and Computational Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Zhaoqian Su
- Department of Systems and Computational Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Yinghao Wu
- Department of Systems and Computational Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
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17
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Huang Y, Li L, Chi Y, Sha Y, Wang R, Xu Z, Xu X, Li S, Gao Z, Xu H. Fusion and secretory expression of an exo-inulinase and a d-allulose 3-epimerase to produce d-allulose syrup from inulin. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2021; 101:693-702. [PMID: 32700446 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study developed a feasible catalytic method for d-allulose syrup production using a fusion enzyme, either in free or immobilized form, through hydrolysis of inulin extracted from Jerusalem artichoke tubers. RESULTS d-Allulose 3-epimerase (DAE) was actively expressed in secretory form by fusing with the extracellular exo-inulinase CSCA in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3). The best linker ligating the two enzymes was a flexible peptide containing 12 residues (GSAGSAAGSGEF). At 55 °C and pH 8.0, and as with the addition of 1 mmol L-1 Mn2+ , the CSCA-linkerE-DAE fusion enzyme obtained through high cell-density cultivation displayed a maximal exo-inulinase activity of 21.8 U mg-1 and resulted in a yield of 6.3 g L-1 d-allulose and 39.2 g L-1 d-fructose using 60 g L-1 inulin as the raw material. Catechol-modified alginate with titanium ions (Alg(Ti)PDA) was found to be a promising immobilization material for the fusion enzyme. After conversion for 8 days, the Alg(Ti)PDA-immobilized CSCA-linkerE-DAE (8 U g-1 ) completed 24 reaction cycles and retained over 80% of its original activity. Each reaction obtained an average of 19.8 g L-1 d-allulose and 32.7 g L-1 D-fructose from 60 g L-1 inulin. CONCLUSION This study shed light on a feasible and cost-effective approach for the production of syrup containing d-allulose and D-fructose with inulin as the raw material via the use of a CSCA and DAE fusion enzyme. This syrup is of added value as a functional sweetener. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueyuan Huang
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liangfei Li
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yaowei Chi
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Sha
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rui Wang
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zheng Xu
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoqi Xu
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Sha Li
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhen Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hong Xu
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
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18
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Su Z, Wang B, Almo SC, Wu Y. Understanding the Targeting Mechanisms of Multi-Specific Biologics in Immunotherapy with Multiscale Modeling. iScience 2020; 23:101835. [PMID: 33305190 PMCID: PMC7710644 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapeutics are frequently associated with adverse side effects due to the elicitation of global immune modulation. To lower the risk of these side effects, recombinant DNA technology is employed to enhance the selectivity of cell targeting by genetically fusing different biomolecules, yielding new species referred to as multi-specific biologics. The design of new multi-specific biologics is a central challenge for the realization of new immunotherapies. To understand the molecular determinants responsible for regulating the binding between multi-specific biologics and surface-bound membrane receptors, we developed a multiscale computational framework that integrates various simulation approaches covering different timescales and spatial resolutions. Our model system of multi-specific biologics contains two natural ligands of immune receptors, which are covalently tethered by a peptide linker. Using this method, a number of interesting features of multi-specific biologics were identified. Our study therefore provides an important strategy to design the next-generation biologics for immunotherapy. Two proteins are connected by different linkers as a model of bispecific biologics Conformational dynamics of biologics are captured by microsecond MD simulations Coarse-grained simulations are used to test binding between biologics and receptors Biologics with long and flexible linkers are more efficient in targeting receptors
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoqian Su
- Department of Systems and Computational Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Systems and Computational Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Steven C Almo
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.,Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Yinghao Wu
- Department of Systems and Computational Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
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19
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Singh AP, Prabhu SN, Nagaleekar VK, Dangi SK, Prakash C, Singh VP. Immunogenicity assessment of Clostridium perfringens type D epsilon toxin epitope-based chimeric construct in mice and rabbit. 3 Biotech 2020; 10:406. [PMID: 32864287 PMCID: PMC7447850 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-020-02400-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Epsilon toxin (Etx) belongs to family of pore-forming toxin and is produced by Clostridium perfringens type D. The Etx toxin is responsible for the pathogenesis of enterotoxaemia in sheep and goats, and occasionally in other livestock animals. The present study aimed to develop a Clostridium perfringens epsilon toxin-based chimeric epitope construct having immunodominant B-cell epitope and universal T-cell epitope and its immunogenicity was evaluated in mice and rabbit. An artificial chimeric epitope construct (CEC) was prepared by joining tandem repeats of a peptide containing amino acids (aa) 134–145 of epsilon toxin B-cell epitope and universal T-cell epitopes. The CEC was expressed in the Escherichia coli following codon optimization for efficient translational efficiency and purified by affinity chromatography. The antigenic reactivity of r-CEC proteins was confirmed by western blot with rabbit anti-r-Etox hyperimmune sera. The immunogenicity of the recombinant single CEC was examined in mice and rabbit by indirect ELISA. It was found that r-CEC yielded high titers of neutralizing antibodies (≥ 1.035 IU/ml) in immunized mice and rabbit. The potency of chimeric protein immunized serum was observed to be higher than the recommended level (0.1–0.3 IU/ml) for protection in sheep and goats. This indicated the potential ability of the chimeric protein as a vaccine candidate. This further requires studying the immune response in targeted host species (sheep and goat).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Pratap Singh
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary and Animal Science, COVSc.&AH, U.P. Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, UP 281001 India
| | - Shyama N. Prabhu
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, COVSc.&AH, U.P. Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, UP 281001 India
| | - Viswas K. Nagaleekar
- Division Bacteriology and Mycology, Indian Veterinary Reaserch Institute (IVRI), Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh 243 122 India
| | - Saroj K. Dangi
- Division Bacteriology and Mycology, Indian Veterinary Reaserch Institute (IVRI), Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh 243 122 India
| | - Chandan Prakash
- Centre for Advance Animal Research and Diagnosis, Indian Veterinary Reaserch Institute (IVRI), Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh 243 122 India
| | - Vijendra Pal Singh
- National Institute of High Security Animal Disease (NISHAD), Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh 462021 India
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20
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Bechaux J, Gatellier P, Le Page JF, Drillet Y, Sante-Lhoutellier V. A comprehensive review of bioactive peptides obtained from animal byproducts and their applications. Food Funct 2020; 10:6244-6266. [PMID: 31577308 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo01546a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Livestock generates high quantities of residues, which has become a major socioeconomic issue for the meat industry. This review focuses on the identification of bioactive peptides (BPs) in animal byproducts and meat wastes. Firstly, the main bioactivities that peptides can have will be described and the methods for their evaluation will be discussed. Secondly, the various origins of these BPs will be studied. Then, the techniques and tools for the generation of BPs will be detailed in order to discuss, in the final part, how peptides could be used and assimilated. BPs possess diverse biological activities and can be strategic candidates for substituting synthetic molecules. In silico potentiality studies are a helpful tool to understand and predict BPs released from proteins and their potential activities. However, in vitro validation is often required. Although BP use is compelled by strict regulations in relation to the field of application, they are also limited by their low bioavailability and bioaccessibility. Therefore, it is important to test peptide stability during gastrointestinal digestion. Protective strategies have been discussed since their use could improve the stability and effectiveness of BPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Bechaux
- INRA, UR 370, Qualité des Produits Animaux (QuaPA), Site de Theix, 63122, Saint-Genès Champanelle, France.
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21
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Li M, Xu H, Wang J. Optimized functional and structural design of dual-target LMRAP, a bifunctional fusion protein with a 25-amino-acid antitumor peptide and GnRH Fc fragment. Acta Pharm Sin B 2020; 10:262-275. [PMID: 32082972 PMCID: PMC7016293 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2019.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To develop fusion protein of a GnRH Fc fragment and the integrin targeting AP25 antitumor peptide for GnRH receptor-expressing cancer therapy. The LMRAP fusion protein was constructed. A transwell invasion assay was performed. The gene mRNA and protein levels of GnRHR-I, α5β1, and αvβ3 in different cancer cell lines were assessed. Cell proliferation was measured using a cell counting kit-8. An antagonist assay was performed on GnRH receptors. Anti-tumor activity was evaluated with a mouse xenograft tumor model. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was applied to detect CD31 and CD34 expressions. Pharmacokinetic characteristics were determined with an indirect competition ELISA. The developed bifunctional fusion protein LMRAP not only inhibited HUVEC invasion, but also inhibited proliferation of GnRHR-I, α5β1, and αvβ3 high expression cancer cells. The IC50 for LMRAP in the GnRH receptor was 6.235 × 10−4 mol/L. LMRAP significantly inhibited human prostate cancer cell line 22RV1 proliferation in vivo and in vitro. LMRAP significantly inhibited CD31 and CD34 expressions. The elimination half-life of the fusion protein LMRAP was 33 h in rats. The fusion protein made of a GnRH Fc fragment and the integrin targeting AP25 peptide retained the bifunctional biological activity of GnRHR blocking, angiogenesis inhibition, prolonged half-life and good tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Li
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Health for Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102629, China
| | - Hanmei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Ministry of Education, the Engineering Research Center of Synthetic Polypeptide Drug Discovery and Evaluation of Jiangsu Province, Department of Marine Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Junzhi Wang
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Health for Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102629, China
- Corresponding author.
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22
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Development of chimeric peptides to facilitate the neutralisation of lipopolysaccharides during bactericidal targeting of multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli. Commun Biol 2020; 3:41. [PMID: 31974490 PMCID: PMC6978316 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-0761-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathogenic Escherichia coli can cause fatal diarrheal diseases in both animals and humans. However, no antibiotics or antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) can adequately kill resistant bacteria and clear bacterial endotoxin, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) which leads to inflammation and sepsis. Here, the LPS-targeted smart chimeric peptides (SCPs)-A6 and G6 are generated by connecting LPS-targeting peptide-LBP14 and killing domain-N6 via different linkers. Rigid and flexible linkers retain the independent biological activities from each component. SCPs-A6 and G6 exert low toxicity and no bacterial resistance, and they more rapidly kill multiple-drug-resistant E. coli and more effectively neutralize LPS toxicity than N6 alone. The SCPs can enhance mouse survival more effectively than N6 or polymyxin B and alleviate lung injuries by blocking mitogen-activated protein kinase and nuclear factor kappa-B p65 activation. These findings uniquely show that SCPs-A6 and G6 may be promising dual-function candidates as improved antibacterial and anti-endotoxin agents to treat bacterial infection and sepsis. Wang ZL and Wang XM design bactericidal peptides in which an antimicrobial domain is fused to a domain that facilitates the neutralisation of lipoplysaccaride (LPS) to prevent inflammation associated with the targeting of Gram-negative bacteria. They characterise their properties and structures, and show their efficiency in vitro and in vivo.
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23
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Discovery of An Orally Effective Factor IX-Transferrin Fusion Protein for Hemophilia B. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 21:ijms21010021. [PMID: 31861459 PMCID: PMC6981973 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21010021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Hemophilia B is a severe blood clotting disorder caused by the deficiency of factor IX (FIX). FIX is not bioavailable when given orally due to poor stability and permeability in the gastrointestinal tract. The feasibility of fusing FIX with transferrin (Tf) to enhance the oral bioavailability of FIX is explored. Seven recombinant fusion proteins (rFIX-Tf) with different linkers were constructed and expressed in HEK293 cells and characterized by in vitro transcytosis and transferrin receptor (TfR) binding assay in Caco-2 cells and a one-stage clotting assay. The in vivo efficacy study was performed using a tail-bleeding model in hemophilia B mice. Fusion proteins rFIX-Tf/G2 and rFIX-Tf/SVSQ were most permeable and showed a specific binding ability to TfR in Caco-2 cells. Both proteins retained FIX activity in clotting generation. The in vivo efficacy study showed that both proteins by intravenous injection significantly reduced blood loss. Most significantly, rFIX-Tf/G2 demonstrated anti-bleeding activity when administered orally. Our results showed that the fusion protein technique with Tf could be potentially used for oral delivery of FIX and the linker between FIX and Tf in the fusion protein is crucial. rFIX-Tf/G2 appears to be the most promising fusion protein as potential oral therapeutics for hemophilia B.
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Tan H, Su W, Zhang W, Wang P, Sattler M, Zou P. Recent Advances in Half-life Extension Strategies for Therapeutic Peptides and Proteins. Curr Pharm Des 2019; 24:4932-4946. [PMID: 30727869 DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190206105232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Peptides and proteins are two classes of molecules with attractive possibilities for therapeutic applications. However, the bottleneck for the therapeutic application of many peptides and proteins is their short halflives in vivo, typically just a few minutes to hours. Half-life extension strategies have been extensively studied and many of them have been proven to be effective in the generation of long-acting therapeutics with improved pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in half-life extension strategies, illustrate their potential applications and give some examples, highlighting the strategies that have been used in approved drugs and for drugs in clinical trials. Meanwhile, several novel strategies that are still in the process of discovery or at a preclinical stage are also introduced. In these strategies, the two most frequently used half-life extension methods are the reduction in the rate of renal clearance or the exploitation of the recycling mechanism of FcRn by binding to the albumin or IgG-Fc. Here, we discuss half-life extension strategies of recombinant therapeutic protein via genetic fusion, rather than chemical conjugation such as PEGylation. With the rapid development of genetic engineering and protein engineering, novel strategies for half-life extension have been emerged consistently. Some of these will be evaluated in clinical trials and may become viable alternatives to current strategies for making next-generation biodrugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanbo Tan
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering Laboratory, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Wencheng Su
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering Laboratory, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenyu Zhang
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering Laboratory, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Pengju Wang
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering Laboratory, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Michael Sattler
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering Laboratory, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China.,Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich at Chair Biomolecular NMR Spectroscopy, Department Chemie, Technische Universität München, Garching, Germany
| | - Peijian Zou
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering Laboratory, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China.,Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich at Chair Biomolecular NMR Spectroscopy, Department Chemie, Technische Universität München, Garching, Germany
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Efficiency of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor immobilized on magnetic microparticles on proliferation of NFS-60 cells. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2019.123580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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26
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Iyengar ARS, Gupta S, Jawalekar S, Pande AH. Protein Chimerization: A New Frontier for Engineering Protein Therapeutics with Improved Pharmacokinetics. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2019; 370:703-714. [DOI: 10.1124/jpet.119.257063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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Ferrarese M, Pignani S, Lombardi S, Balestra D, Bernardi F, Pinotti M, Branchini A. The carboxyl-terminal region of human coagulation factor X as a natural linker for fusion strategies. Thromb Res 2018; 173:4-11. [PMID: 30453126 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2018.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Fusion with human serum albumin (HSA), which represents a well-established technique to extend half-life of therapeutic proteins, commonly exploits intervening peptide linkers as key components. Here, we explored the human coagulation factor X (FX) carboxyl-terminal region, previously demonstrated by us to be dispensable for secretion and coagulant activity, as a natural linker for fusion purposes. To test our hypothesis, we compared direct FX-HSA fusion with the designed FX-HSA fusion proteins mimicking the recombinant activated factor VII (rFVIIa)-HSA or factor IX (FIX)-HSA chimeras, both strongly dependent from artificial linkers. Three constructs were produced by direct tandem fusion (FX-HSA) and through flexible (glycine/serine; FX-GS-HSA, mimicking rFVIIa-HSA) or cleavable (incorporating the FX activation site; FX-CL-HSA, mimicking FIX-HSA) linkers. The FX-HSA was efficiently secreted and displayed prolonged plasma persistence in mice. All chimeras possessed remarkable pro-coagulant activity, comparable to FX for FX-HSA (88.7 ± 6.0%) and FX-CL-HSA (98.0 ± 16.4%) or reduced for FX-GS-HSA (55.8 ± 5.4%). Upon incubation with activators, FX-HSA and FX-CL-HSA displayed a correct activation profile while the FX-GS-HSA activation was slightly defective. In fluorogenic-based assays, FX-HSA showed normal activity over time and a specific amidolytic activity (1.0 ± 0.12) comparable to that of FX. Overall, the FX-HSA features indicate that the FX carboxyl-terminal region represents an intrinsic sequence allowing direct tandem fusion. Our results provide the first experimental evidence for i) a coagulation factor fusion protein with biological properties independent from artificial linkers, ii) the suitability of FX carboxyl-terminal region as a natural linker for fusion purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Ferrarese
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Silvia Pignani
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Silvia Lombardi
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Dario Balestra
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Francesco Bernardi
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Mirko Pinotti
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alessio Branchini
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
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Application of molecular dynamics simulations to design a dual-purpose oligopeptide linker sequence for fusion proteins. J Mol Model 2018; 24:313. [PMID: 30324504 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-018-3846-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/15/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Proteins are often monitored by combining a fluorescent polypeptide tag with the target protein. However, due to the high molecular weight and immunogenicity of such tags, they are not suitable choices for combining with fusion proteins such as immunotoxins. In this study, we designed a polypeptide sequence with a dual role (it acts as both a linker and a fluorescent probe) to use with fusion proteins. Two common fluorescent tag sequences based on tetracysteine were compared to a commonly used rigid linker as well as our proposed dual-purpose sequence. Computational investigations showed that the dual-purpose sequence was structurally stable and may be a good choice to use as both a linker and a fluorescence marker between two moieties in a fusion protein.
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29
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Engineering, Cloning and Expression of Interleukin 2–Com1 Chimera with Aim of Recombinant Subunit Vaccine Production Against Coxiella burnetii. Int J Pept Res Ther 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-018-9760-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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30
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Mickiene G, Dalgediene I, Dapkunas Z, Zvirblis G, Pesliakas H, Kaupinis A, Valius M, Mistiniene E, Pleckaityte M. Construction, Purification, and Characterization of a Homodimeric Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor. Mol Biotechnol 2018; 59:374-384. [PMID: 28721592 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-017-0026-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) has found widespread clinical application, and modified forms with improved biopharmaceutical properties have been marketed as well. PEGylation, the covalent modification of G-CSF with polyethylene glycol (PEG), has a beneficial effect on drug properties, but there are concerns connected to the immunogenicity of PEGylated compounds and bioaccumulation of the synthetic polymer. To overcome challenges connected with chemical modifications, we developed fusion proteins composed of two G-CSF molecules connected via different peptide linkers. Three different homodimeric G-CSF proteins were purified, and their in vitro and in vivo activities were determined. A G-CSF dimer, GCSF-Lα, was constructed using an alpha-helix-forming peptide linker, and it demonstrated an extended half-life in serum with a stronger neutrophil response as compared to the monomeric G-CSF protein. The GCSF-Lα protein, therefore, might be selected for further studies as a potential drug candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gitana Mickiene
- Institute of Biotechnology, Vilnius University, Sauletekio al. 7, 10257, Vilnius, Lithuania.,Profarma UAB, V.A. Graiciuno 6, 02241, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Indre Dalgediene
- Institute of Biotechnology, Vilnius University, Sauletekio al. 7, 10257, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Zilvinas Dapkunas
- Institute of Biotechnology, Vilnius University, Sauletekio al. 7, 10257, Vilnius, Lithuania.,Profarma UAB, V.A. Graiciuno 6, 02241, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Gintautas Zvirblis
- Institute of Biotechnology, Vilnius University, Sauletekio al. 7, 10257, Vilnius, Lithuania.,Profarma UAB, V.A. Graiciuno 6, 02241, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | | | - Algirdas Kaupinis
- Institute of Biochemistry, Vilnius University, Sauletekio al. 7, 10257, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Mindaugas Valius
- Institute of Biochemistry, Vilnius University, Sauletekio al. 7, 10257, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | | | - Milda Pleckaityte
- Institute of Biotechnology, Vilnius University, Sauletekio al. 7, 10257, Vilnius, Lithuania.
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Farhani I, Nezafat N, Mahmoodi S. Designing a Novel Multi-epitope Peptide Vaccine Against Pathogenic Shigella spp. Based Immunoinformatics Approaches. Int J Pept Res Ther 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-018-9698-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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32
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Lau UY, Pelegri-O'Day EM, Maynard HD. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of a Degradable Trehalose Glycopolymer Prepared by RAFT Polymerization. Macromol Rapid Commun 2018; 39:10.1002/marc.201700652. [PMID: 29251372 PMCID: PMC5986558 DOI: 10.1002/marc.201700652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Revised: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
There is a significant need for new biodegradable protein stabilizing polymers. Herein, the synthesis of a polymer with trehalose side chains and hydrolytically degradable backbone esters and its evaluation for protein stabilization and cytotoxicity are described. Specifically, an alkene-containing parent polymer is synthesized by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization, and thiolated trehalose is installed using a radical-initiated thiol-ene reaction. The stabilizing properties of the polymer are investigated by thermally stressing granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), which is expressed and purified using a custom-designed G-CSF fusion protein with a polyhistidine-tagged maltose binding protein. The degradable polymer is shown to stabilize G-CSF to 66% after heating at 40 °C. Poly(5,6-benzo-2-methylene-1,3-dioxepane (BMDO)-co-butyl methacrylate-trehalose) is degraded and its cellular compatibility is investigated. While the polymer is noncytotoxic, cytotoxic effects are observed from the degraded products in fibroblasts and murine myeloblasts. These data provide important information for future use of BMDO-containing trehalose glycopolymers for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uland Y Lau
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, 410 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Emma M Pelegri-O'Day
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Heather D Maynard
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, 410 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
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Characterization and Oral Delivery of Proinsulin-Transferrin Fusion Protein Expressed Using ExpressTec. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19020378. [PMID: 29373562 PMCID: PMC5855600 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19020378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2017] [Revised: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Proinsulin-transferrin fusion protein (ProINS-Tf) has been designed and successfully expressed from the mammalian HEK293 cells (HEK-ProINS-Tf). It was found that HEK-ProINS-Tf could be converted into an activated form in the liver. Furthermore, HEK-ProINS-Tf was demonstrated as an extra-long acting insulin analogue with liver-specific insulin action in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 1 diabetic mice. However, due to the low production yield from transfected HEK293 cells, there are other interesting features, including the oral bioavailability, which have not been fully explored and characterized. To improve the protein production yield, an alternative protein expression system, ExpressTec using transgenic rice (Oryza sativa L.), was used. The intact and active rice-derived ProINS-Tf (ExpressTec-ProINS-Tf) was successfully expressed from the transgenic rice expression system. Our results suggested that, although the insulin-like bioactivity of ExpressTec-ProINS-Tf was slightly lower in vitro, its potency of in vivo blood glucose control was considerably stronger than that of HEK-ProINS-Tf. The oral delivery studies in type 1 diabetic mice demonstrated a prolonged control of blood glucose to near-normal levels after oral administration of ExpressTec-ProINS-Tf. Results in this report suggest that ExpressTec-ProINS-Tf is a promising insulin analog with advantages including low cost, prolonged and liver targeting effects, and most importantly, oral bioactivity.
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Setrerrahmane S, Yu J, Hao J, Zheng H, Xu H. Novel production method of innovative antiangiogenic and antitumor small peptides in Escherichia coli. Drug Des Devel Ther 2017; 11:3207-3220. [PMID: 29184391 PMCID: PMC5685134 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s136957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Developing innovative drugs with potent efficacy, specificity, and high safety remains an ongoing task in antitumor therapy development. In the last few years, peptide drugs have become attractive agents in cancer therapy. HM-3, mainly with antiangiogenic effect, and AP25, with an additional antiproliferative effect, are two peptides designed in our laboratory targeting αvβ3 and α5β1 integrins, respectively. The low molecular weight of the two peptides renders their recombinant expression very difficult, and the complicated structure of AP25 makes its chemical synthesis restricted, which presents a big challenge for its development. METHODS Bifunctional peptides designed by the ligation of HM-3 and AP25, using linkers with different flexibility, were prepared using recombinant DNA technology in Escherichia coli. The fusion peptides were expressed in a modified auto-induction medium based on a mixture of glucose, glycerol, and lactose as carbon substrates and NH4+ as nitrogen source without any amino acid or other elements. Subsequently, the antiangiogenic, antiproliferative, and cell adhesion assays were conducted to evaluate the bioactivity of the two fusion peptides. RESULTS The peptides were successfully expressed in a soluble form without any induction, which allows the culture to reach higher cell density before protein expression occurs. Human umbilical vein endothelial cell migration assay and chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane assay showed, at low doses, a significantly increased antiangiogenic effect (>75%) of the purified products compared with the single molecules. Meanwhile, MTT assay confirmed their enhanced antitumor activity against gastric cancer cell line MGC-803; however, no significant effect was observed on hepatoma HepG2 cells and no cytotoxicity on normal human lens epithelial cell SRA01/04 and human epithelial esophageal cells. CONCLUSION Bifunctional molecules with antiangiogenic and antiproliferative effects were obtained by using this technique, which presents an alternative for small peptide production, instead of the conventional chemical method. The increased molecular weight facilitates the peptide expression with a simultaneous improvement in their stability and biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarra Setrerrahmane
- The Engineering Research Center of Peptide Drug Discovery and Development, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu
| | - Jian Yu
- The Engineering Research Center of Peptide Drug Discovery and Development, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu
| | - Jingchao Hao
- The Engineering Research Center of Peptide Drug Discovery and Development, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu
- College of Pharmacy & the Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Drug and Pharmacology, Kunming, Yunnan
| | - Heng Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Ministry of Education, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hanmei Xu
- The Engineering Research Center of Peptide Drug Discovery and Development, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Ministry of Education, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
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Guo H, Yang Y, Xue F, Zhang H, Huang T, Liu W, Liu H, Zhang F, Yang M, Liu C, Lu H, Zhang Y, Ma L. Effect of flexible linker length on the activity of fusion protein 4-coumaroyl-CoA ligase::stilbene synthase. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2017; 13:598-606. [PMID: 28181620 DOI: 10.1039/c6mb00563b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In order to elucidate the effect of flexible linker length on the catalytic efficiency of fusion proteins, two short flexible peptide linkers of various lengths were fused between Arabidopsis thaliana 4-coumaroyl-CoA ligase (4CL) and Polygonum cuspidatum stilbene synthase (STS) to generate fusion proteins 4CL-(GSG)n-STS (n ≤ 5) and 4CL-(GGGGS)n-STS (n ≤ 4). The fusion proteins were expressed in both Escherichia coli and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and their bioactivities were tested in vitro and in vivo using purified proteins and engineered strains, respectively. The catalytic efficiency of the fusions decreased gradually with the increase of GSG or GGGGS repeats. In both engineered S. cerevisiae and E. coli in vivo experiments, the capacity of resveratrol production decreased gradually with increasing linker length. In silico analysis showed that the prediction of homology models of fusion proteins was consistent with the in vitro and in vivo results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huili Guo
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (North) of Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Yadong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (North) of Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Feiyan Xue
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (North) of Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Hong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (North) of Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Tiran Huang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (North) of Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Wenbin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (North) of Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Huan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (North) of Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Fenqiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (North) of Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Mingfeng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (North) of Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Chunmei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (North) of Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Heshu Lu
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (North) of Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Yansheng Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Lanqing Ma
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (North) of Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China. and Beijing Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Environmental Improvement with Forestry and Fruit Trees, Beijing 102206, China
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Lee D, Park HL, Lee SW, Bhoo SH, Cho MH. Biotechnological Production of Dimethoxyflavonoids Using a Fusion Flavonoid O-Methyltransferase Possessing Both 3'- and 7-O-Methyltransferase Activities. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2017; 80:1467-1474. [PMID: 28429944 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.6b01164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Although they are less abundant in nature, methoxyflavonoids have distinct physicochemical and pharmacological properties compared to common nonmethylated flavonoids. Thus, enzymatic conversion and biotransformation using genetically engineered microorganisms of flavonoids have been attempted for the efficient production of methoxyflavonoids. Because of their regiospecificity, more than two flavonoid O-methyltransferases (FOMTs) and enzyme reactions are required to biosynthesize di(or poly)-methoxyflavonoids. For the one-step biotechnological production of bioactive di-O-methylflavonoids, we generated a multifunctional FOMT fusing a 3'-OMT (SlOMT3) and a 7-OMT (OsNOMT). The SlOMT3/OsNOMT fusion enzyme possessed both 3'- and 7-OMT activities to diverse flavonoid substrates, which were comparable to those of individual SlOMT3 and OsNOMT. The SlOMT3/OsNOMT enzyme also showed 3'- and 7-OMT activity for 7- or 3'-O-methylflavonoids, respectively, suggesting that the fusion enzyme can sequentially methylate flavonoids into di-O-methylflavonoids. The biotransformation of the flavonoids quercetin, luteolin, eriodictyol, and taxifolin using SlOMT3/OsNOMT-transformed Escherichia coli generated corresponding di-O-methylflavonoids, rhamnazin, velutin, 3',7-di-O-methyleriodictyol, and 3',7-di-O-methyltaxifolin, respectively. These results indicate that dimethoxyflavonoids may be efficiently produced from nonmethylated flavonoid precursors through a one-step biotransformation using the engineered E. coli harboring the SlOMT3/OsNOMT fusion gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danbi Lee
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and ‡Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University , Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Lin Park
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and ‡Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University , Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Won Lee
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and ‡Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University , Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Hee Bhoo
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and ‡Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University , Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Man-Ho Cho
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and ‡Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University , Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
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Kasai Y, Harayama S. Construction of Marker-Free Transgenic Strains of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Using a Cre/loxP-Mediated Recombinase System. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0161733. [PMID: 27564988 PMCID: PMC5001723 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The Escherichia coli bacteriophage P1 encodes a site-specific recombinase called Cre and two 34-bp target sites of Cre recombinase called loxP. The Cre/loxP system has been used to achieve targeted insertion and precise deletion in many animal and plant genomes. The Cre/loxP system has particularly been used for the removal of selectable marker genes to create marker-free transgenic organisms. For the first time, we applied the Cre/loxP-mediated site-specific recombination system to Chlamydomonas reinhardtii to construct marker-free transgenic strains. Specifically, C. reinhardtii strains cc4350 and cc124 carrying an aphVIII expression cassette flanked by two direct repeats of loxP were constructed. Separately, a synthetic Cre recombinase gene (CrCRE), the codons of which were optimized for expression in C. reinhardtii, was synthesized, and a CrCRE expression cassette was introduced into strain cc4350 carrying a single copy of the loxP-flanked aphVIII expression cassette. Among 46 transformants carrying the CrCRE expression cassette stably, the excision of aphVIII by CrCre recombinase was observed only in one transformant. We then constructed an expression cassette of an in-frame fusion of ble to CrCRE via a short linker peptide. The product of ble (Ble) is a bleomycin-binding protein that confers resistance to bleomycin-related antibiotics such as Zeocin and localizes in the nucleus. Therefore, the ble-(linker)-CrCRE fusion protein is expected to localize in the nucleus. When the ble-(linker)-CrCRE expression cassette was integrated into the genome of strain cc4350 carrying a single copy of the loxP-flanked aphVIII expression cassette, CrCre recombinase-mediated excision of the aphVIII expression cassette was observed at a frequency higher than that in stable transformants of the CrCRE expression cassette. Similarly, from strain cc124 carrying a single loxP-flanked aphVIII expression cassette, the aphVIII expression cassette was successfully excised after introduction of the ble-(linker)-CrCRE expression cassette. The ble-(linker)-CrCRE expression cassette remained in the genome after excision of the aphVIII expression cassette, and it was subsequently removed by crossing with the wild-type strain. This precise Cre-mediated deletion method applicable to transgenic C. reinhardtii could further increase the potential of this organism for use in basic and applied research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Kasai
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeaki Harayama
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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A fusion protein consisting of the exopeptidases PepN and PepX—production, characterization, and application. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 100:7499-515. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7478-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Revised: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Liu Z, Ma S, Duan S, Xuliang D, Sun Y, Zhang X, Xu X, Guan B, Wang C, Hu M, Qi X, Zhang X, Gao P. Modification of Titanium Substrates with Chimeric Peptides Comprising Antimicrobial and Titanium-Binding Motifs Connected by Linkers To Inhibit Biofilm Formation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:5124-5136. [PMID: 26863404 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b11949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation are the primary causes of implant-associated infection, which is difficult to eliminate and may induce failure in dental implants. Chimeric peptides with both binding and antimicrobial motifs may provide a promising alternative to inhibit biofilm formation on titanium surfaces. In this study, chimeric peptides were designed by connecting an antimicrobial motif (JH8194: KRLFRRWQWRMKKY) with a binding motif (minTBP-1: RKLPDA) directly or via flexible/rigid linkers to modify Ti surfaces. We evaluated the binding behavior of peptides using quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) techniques and investigated the effect of the modification of titanium surfaces with these peptides on the bioactivity of Streptococcus gordonii (S. gordonii) and Streptococcus sanguis (S. sanguis). Compared with the flexible linker (GGGGS), the rigid linker (PAPAP) significantly increased the adsorption of the chimeric peptide on titanium surfaces (p < 0.05). Concentration-dependent adsorption is consistent with a single Langmuir model, whereas time-dependent adsorption is in line with a two-domain Langmuir model. Additionally, the chimeric peptide with the rigid linker exhibited more effective antimicrobial ability than the peptide with the flexible linker. This finding was ascribed to the ability of the rigid linker to separate functional domains and reduce their interference to the maximum extent. Consequently, the performance of chimeric peptides with specific titanium-binding motifs and antimicrobial motifs against bacteria can be optimized by the proper selection of linkers. This rational design of chimeric peptides provides a promising alternative to inhibit the formation of biofilms on titanium surfaces with the potential to prevent peri-implantitis and peri-implant mucositis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihao Liu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin 300070, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiqing Ma
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin 300070, People's Republic of China
| | - Shun Duan
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Deng Xuliang
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology , Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingchun Sun
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin 300070, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Zhang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin 300070, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinhua Xu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Binbin Guan
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin 300070, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Meilin Hu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin 300070, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingying Qi
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin 300070, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Zhang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin 300070, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Gao
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin 300070, People's Republic of China
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Jalili M, Bazi Z, Hekmatdoost A. A novel treatment for weight reduction by the recombinant "Pichia pastoris" yeast expressing the hybrid protein of "irisin-furin-transferrin". JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE-JIM 2016; 14:1-4. [PMID: 26778222 DOI: 10.1016/s2095-4964(16)60242-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a major health problem across the world, but there are few ways to effectively treat or manage it in the long term. Researchers are searching for more convenient, cost-effective and noninvasive therapies for overweight and obese people. Recent studies have illustrated that the microbiome of the body's different organs can be used as a vehicle for in-situ gene therapy. We suggest that the recombinant form of "Pichia pastoris" yeast expressing the hybrid protein of "irisin-furin-transferrin" under the control of the enolase 1 promoter is a new nutraceutical strategy to absorb fewer calories from intestinal nutrients, and induce a higher metabolic rate to expend more calories, similar to that from engaging in physical activity. By comparison, this method can be a long-term, noninvasive treatment and can be used for obese patients who have movement limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Jalili
- Clinical Nutrition Department, Nutrition Faculty, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Bazi
- Medical Biotechnology Department, Medicine Faculty, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azita Hekmatdoost
- Clinical Nutrition Department, Nutrition Faculty, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Chen Y, Cohen SM. Investigating the Selectivity of Metalloenzyme Inhibitors in the Presence of Competing Metalloproteins. ChemMedChem 2015; 10:1733-8. [PMID: 26412596 PMCID: PMC4658394 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201500293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Metalloprotein inhibitors (MPi) are an important class of therapeutics for the treatment of a variety of diseases, including hypertension, cancer, and HIV/AIDS. However, despite their clinical success, there is an apprehension that MPi may be less selective than other small-molecule therapeutics and more prone to inhibit off-target metalloenzymes. We examined the issue of MPi specificity by investigating the selectivity of a variety of MPi against a representative panel of metalloenzymes in the presence of competing metalloproteins (metallothionein, myoglobin, carbonic anhydrase, and transferrin). Our findings reveal that a wide variety of MPi do not exhibit a decrease in inhibitory activity in the presence of large excesses of competing metalloproteins, suggesting that the competing proteins do not titrate the MPi away from its intended target. This study represents a rudimentary but important means to mimic the biological milieu, which contains other metalloproteins that could compete the MPi away from its target. The strategy used in this study may be a useful approach to examine the selectivity of other MPi in development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 (USA)
| | - Seth M Cohen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 (USA).
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Abstract
The purpose of making a "biobetter" biologic is to improve on the salient characteristics of a known biologic for which there is, minimally, clinical proof of concept or, maximally, marketed product data. There already are several examples in which second-generation or biobetter biologics have been generated by improving the pharmacokinetic properties of an innovative drug, including Neulasta(®) [a PEGylated, longer-half-life version of Neupogen(®) (filgrastim)] and Aranesp(®) [a longer-half-life version of Epogen(®) (epoetin-α)]. This review describes the use of protein fusion technologies such as Fc fusion proteins, fusion to human serum albumin, fusion to carboxy-terminal peptide, and other polypeptide fusion approaches to make biobetter drugs with more desirable pharmacokinetic profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- William R Strohl
- Janssen BioTherapeutics, Janssen Research and Development, LLC, Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, SH31-21757, 1400 Welsh and McKean Roads, PO Box 776, Spring House, PA, 19477, USA,
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Liu C, Chin JX, Lee DY. SynLinker: an integrated system for designing linkers and synthetic fusion proteins: Fig. 1. Bioinformatics 2015; 31:3700-2. [DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btv447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2015] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Klein JS, Jiang S, Galimidi RP, Keeffe JR, Bjorkman PJ. Design and characterization of structured protein linkers with differing flexibilities. Protein Eng Des Sel 2015; 27:325-30. [PMID: 25301959 PMCID: PMC4191447 DOI: 10.1093/protein/gzu043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Engineered fusion proteins containing two or more functional polypeptides joined by a peptide or protein linker are important for many fields of biological research. The separation distance between functional units can impact epitope access and the ability to bind with avidity; thus the availability of a variety of linkers with different lengths and degrees of rigidity would be valuable for protein design efforts. Here, we report a series of designed structured protein linkers incorporating naturally occurring protein domains and compare their properties to commonly used Gly4Ser repeat linkers. When incorporated into the hinge region of an immunoglobulin G (IgG) molecule, flexible Gly4Ser repeats did not result in detectable extensions of the IgG antigen-binding domains, in contrast to linkers including more rigid domains such as β2-microglobulin, Zn-α2-glycoprotein and tetratricopeptide repeats. This study adds an additional set of linkers with varying lengths and rigidities to the available linker repertoire, which may be useful for the construction of antibodies with enhanced binding properties or other fusion proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua S Klein
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Siduo Jiang
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Rachel P Galimidi
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Jennifer R Keeffe
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Pamela J Bjorkman
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA Howard Hughes Medical Institute, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
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Wu C, Chen W, Chen J, Han B, Peng Z, Ge F, Wei B, Liu M, Zhang M, Qian C, Hou Z, Liu G, Guo C, Wang Y, Kitazato K, Yu G, Zou C, Xiong S. Preparation of monoPEGylated Cyanovirin-N's derivative and its anti-influenza A virus bioactivity in vitro and in vivo. J Biochem 2015; 157:539-48. [PMID: 25713409 PMCID: PMC8356848 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvv013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2014] [Accepted: 12/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza A virus (IAV) has been raising public health and safety concerns worldwide. Cyanovirin-N (CVN) is a prominent anti-IAV candidate, but both cytotoxicity and immunogenicity have hindered the development of this protein as a viable therapy. In this article, linker-CVN (LCVN) with a flexible and hydrophilic polypeptide at the N-terminus was efficiently produced from the cytoplasm of Escherichia coli at a >15-l scale. PEGylation at the N-terminal α-amine of LCVN was also reformed as 20 kDa PEGylated linkered Cyanovirin-N (PEG20k-LCVN). The 50% effective concentrations of PEG20k-LCVN were 0.43 ± 0.11 µM for influenza A/HK/8/68 (H3N2) and 0.04 ± 0.02 µM for A/Swan/Hokkaido/51/96 (H5N3), dramatically lower than that of the positive control, Ribavirin (2.88 ± 0.66 × 10(3) µM and 1.79 ± 0.62 × 10(3) µM, respectively). A total of 12.5 µM PEG20k-LCVN effectively inactivate the propagation of H3N2 in chicken embryos. About 2.0 mg/kg/day PEG20k-LCVN increased double the survival rate (66.67%, P = 0.0378) of H3N2 infected mice, prolonged the median survival period, downregulated the mRNA level of viral nuclear protein and decreased (attenuated) the pathology lesion in mice lung. A novel PEGylated CVN derivative, PEG20k-LCVN, exhibited potent and strain-dependent anti-IAV activity in nanomolar concentrations in vitro, as well as in micromolar concentration in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongchao Wu
- Institute of Biomedicine & National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Department of Cellular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Centre for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China; Department of Pharmacy, College of Food and Pharmacy & Medical, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316002, People's Republic of China; Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China; Division of Molecular Pharmacology of Infectious Agents, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki City, Nagasaki Prefecture 852-8521, Japan; and Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA Institute of Biomedicine & National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Department of Cellular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Centre for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China; Department of Pharmacy, College of Food and Pharmacy & Medical, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316002, People's Republic of China; Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China; Division of Molecular Pharmacology of Infectious Agents, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki City, Nagasaki Prefecture 852-8521, Japan; and Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Wei Chen
- Institute of Biomedicine & National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Department of Cellular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Centre for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China; Department of Pharmacy, College of Food and Pharmacy & Medical, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316002, People's Republic of China; Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China; Division of Molecular Pharmacology of Infectious Agents, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki City, Nagasaki Prefecture 852-8521, Japan; and Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Jia Chen
- Institute of Biomedicine & National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Department of Cellular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Centre for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China; Department of Pharmacy, College of Food and Pharmacy & Medical, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316002, People's Republic of China; Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China; Division of Molecular Pharmacology of Infectious Agents, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki City, Nagasaki Prefecture 852-8521, Japan; and Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Bo Han
- Institute of Biomedicine & National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Department of Cellular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Centre for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China; Department of Pharmacy, College of Food and Pharmacy & Medical, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316002, People's Republic of China; Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China; Division of Molecular Pharmacology of Infectious Agents, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki City, Nagasaki Prefecture 852-8521, Japan; and Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA Institute of Biomedicine & National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Department of Cellular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Centre for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China; Department of Pharmacy, College of Food and Pharmacy & Medical, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316002, People's Republic of China; Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China; Division of Molecular Pharmacology of Infectious Agents, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki City, Nagasaki Prefecture 852-8521, Japan; and Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Zhou Peng
- Institute of Biomedicine & National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Department of Cellular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Centre for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China; Department of Pharmacy, College of Food and Pharmacy & Medical, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316002, People's Republic of China; Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China; Division of Molecular Pharmacology of Infectious Agents, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki City, Nagasaki Prefecture 852-8521, Japan; and Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Feng Ge
- Institute of Biomedicine & National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Department of Cellular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Centre for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China; Department of Pharmacy, College of Food and Pharmacy & Medical, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316002, People's Republic of China; Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China; Division of Molecular Pharmacology of Infectious Agents, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki City, Nagasaki Prefecture 852-8521, Japan; and Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA Institute of Biomedicine & National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Department of Cellular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Centre for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China; Department of Pharmacy, College of Food and Pharmacy & Medical, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316002, People's Republic of China; Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China; Division of Molecular Pharmacology of Infectious Agents, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki City, Nagasaki Prefecture 852-8521, Japan; and Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Bo Wei
- Institute of Biomedicine & National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Department of Cellular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Centre for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China; Department of Pharmacy, College of Food and Pharmacy & Medical, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316002, People's Republic of China; Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China; Division of Molecular Pharmacology of Infectious Agents, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki City, Nagasaki Prefecture 852-8521, Japan; and Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Mingxian Liu
- Institute of Biomedicine & National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Department of Cellular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Centre for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China; Department of Pharmacy, College of Food and Pharmacy & Medical, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316002, People's Republic of China; Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China; Division of Molecular Pharmacology of Infectious Agents, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki City, Nagasaki Prefecture 852-8521, Japan; and Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Meiying Zhang
- Institute of Biomedicine & National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Department of Cellular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Centre for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China; Department of Pharmacy, College of Food and Pharmacy & Medical, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316002, People's Republic of China; Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China; Division of Molecular Pharmacology of Infectious Agents, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki City, Nagasaki Prefecture 852-8521, Japan; and Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Chuiwen Qian
- Institute of Biomedicine & National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Department of Cellular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Centre for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China; Department of Pharmacy, College of Food and Pharmacy & Medical, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316002, People's Republic of China; Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China; Division of Molecular Pharmacology of Infectious Agents, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki City, Nagasaki Prefecture 852-8521, Japan; and Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Zhibo Hou
- Institute of Biomedicine & National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Department of Cellular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Centre for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China; Department of Pharmacy, College of Food and Pharmacy & Medical, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316002, People's Republic of China; Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China; Division of Molecular Pharmacology of Infectious Agents, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki City, Nagasaki Prefecture 852-8521, Japan; and Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Ge Liu
- Institute of Biomedicine & National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Department of Cellular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Centre for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China; Department of Pharmacy, College of Food and Pharmacy & Medical, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316002, People's Republic of China; Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China; Division of Molecular Pharmacology of Infectious Agents, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki City, Nagasaki Prefecture 852-8521, Japan; and Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Chaowan Guo
- Institute of Biomedicine & National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Department of Cellular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Centre for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China; Department of Pharmacy, College of Food and Pharmacy & Medical, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316002, People's Republic of China; Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China; Division of Molecular Pharmacology of Infectious Agents, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki City, Nagasaki Prefecture 852-8521, Japan; and Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Yifei Wang
- Institute of Biomedicine & National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Department of Cellular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Centre for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China; Department of Pharmacy, College of Food and Pharmacy & Medical, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316002, People's Republic of China; Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China; Division of Molecular Pharmacology of Infectious Agents, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki City, Nagasaki Prefecture 852-8521, Japan; and Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Kaio Kitazato
- Institute of Biomedicine & National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Department of Cellular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Centre for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China; Department of Pharmacy, College of Food and Pharmacy & Medical, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316002, People's Republic of China; Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China; Division of Molecular Pharmacology of Infectious Agents, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki City, Nagasaki Prefecture 852-8521, Japan; and Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Guoying Yu
- Institute of Biomedicine & National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Department of Cellular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Centre for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China; Department of Pharmacy, College of Food and Pharmacy & Medical, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316002, People's Republic of China; Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China; Division of Molecular Pharmacology of Infectious Agents, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki City, Nagasaki Prefecture 852-8521, Japan; and Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Chunbin Zou
- Institute of Biomedicine & National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Department of Cellular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Centre for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China; Department of Pharmacy, College of Food and Pharmacy & Medical, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316002, People's Republic of China; Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China; Division of Molecular Pharmacology of Infectious Agents, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki City, Nagasaki Prefecture 852-8521, Japan; and Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Sheng Xiong
- Institute of Biomedicine & National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Department of Cellular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Centre for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China; Department of Pharmacy, College of Food and Pharmacy & Medical, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316002, People's Republic of China; Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China; Division of Molecular Pharmacology of Infectious Agents, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki City, Nagasaki Prefecture 852-8521, Japan; and Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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Heinzelman P, Priebe MC. Engineering superactive granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor transferrin fusion proteins as orally-delivered candidate agents for treating neurodegenerative disease. Biotechnol Prog 2015; 31:668-77. [PMID: 25737095 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2015] [Revised: 02/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Intravenously injected granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) has shown efficacy in Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and Parkinson's Disease (PD) animal studies and is undergoing clinical evaluation. The likely need for dosing of GM-CSF to patients over months or years motivates pursuit of avenues for delivering GM-CSF to circulation via oral administration. Flow cytometric screening of 37 yeast-displayed GM-CSF saturation mutant libraries revealed residues P12, H15, R23, R24, and K72 as key determinants of GM-CSF's CD116 and CD131 GM-CSF receptor (GM-CSFR) subunit binding affinity. Screening combinatorial GM-CSF libraries mutated at positions P12, H15, and R23 yielded variants with increased affinities toward both CD116 and CD131. Genetic fusion of GM-CSF to human transferrin (Trf), a strategy that enables oral delivery of other biopharmaceuticals in animals, yielded bioactive wild type and variant cytokines upon secretion from cultured Human Embryonic Kidney cells. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) measurements showed that all evaluated variants possess decreases in CD116 and CD131 binding KD values of up to 2.5-fold relative to wild type. Improved affinity led to increased in vitro bioactivity; the most bioactive variant, P12D/H15L/R23L, had a leukocyte proliferation assay EC50 value 3.5-fold lower than the wild type GM-CSF/Trf fusion. These outcomes are important first steps toward our goal of developing GM-CSF/Trf fusions as orally available AD and PD therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pete Heinzelman
- Dept. of Chemical, Biological & Materials Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, 73019
| | - Molly C Priebe
- Dept. of Chemical, Biological & Materials Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, 73019
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Vemula S, Thunuguntla R, Dedaniya A, Kokkiligadda S, Palle C, Ronda SR. Improved Production and Characterization of Recombinant Human Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor from E. coli under Optimized Downstream Processes. Protein Expr Purif 2015; 108:62-72. [PMID: 25659501 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2015.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Revised: 01/28/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This work reports the upstream and downstream process of recombinant human granulocyte colony stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3)pLysS. The fed batch mode was selected for the maximum output of biomass (6.4g/L) and purified rhG-CSF (136mg/L) under suitable physicochemical environment. The downstream processing steps viz., recovery, solubilization, refolding and concentration were optimized in this study. The maximum rhG-CSF inclusion bodies recovery yield (97%) was accomplished with frequent homogenization and sonication procedure. An efficient solubilization (96%) of rhG-CSF inclusion bodies were observed with 8M urea at pH 9.5. Refolding efficiency studies showed maximum refolding ⩾86% and ⩾84% at 20°C and pH 9 respectively. The renatured protein solution was concentrated, clarified and partially purified (⩾95%) by the cross flow filtration technique. The concentrated protein was further purified by a single step size exclusion chromatography with ⩾98% purity. The characterization of purified rhG-CSF molecular mass as evidenced by SDS-PAGE, western blot and LC/MS analysis was shown to be 18.8kDa. The secondary structure of rhG-CSF was evaluated by the CD spectroscopic technique based on the helical structural components. The biological activity of the purified rhG-CSF showed a similar activity of cell proliferation with the standard rhG-CSF. Overall, the results demonstrate an optimized downstream process for obtaining high yields of biologically active rhG-CSF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Vemula
- K L E F University, Centre for Bioprocess Technology, Department of Biotechnology, Guntur 522 502, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Rahul Thunuguntla
- K L E F University, Centre for Bioprocess Technology, Department of Biotechnology, Guntur 522 502, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Akshay Dedaniya
- K L E F University, Centre for Bioprocess Technology, Department of Biotechnology, Guntur 522 502, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Sujana Kokkiligadda
- K L E F University, Centre for Bioprocess Technology, Department of Biotechnology, Guntur 522 502, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Chaitanya Palle
- K L E F University, Centre for Bioprocess Technology, Department of Biotechnology, Guntur 522 502, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Srinivasa Reddy Ronda
- K L E F University, Centre for Bioprocess Technology, Department of Biotechnology, Guntur 522 502, Andhra Pradesh, India.
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Production of Recombinant Human Growth Hormone Conjugated with a Transcytotic Peptide in Pichia pastoris for Effective Oral Protein Delivery. Mol Biotechnol 2015; 57:430-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s12033-014-9835-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Protein– and Peptide–Drug Conjugates. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2015; 98:1-55. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2014.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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50
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Zhang Y, Liu Y, Wang Y, Schultz PG, Wang F. Rational Design of Humanized Dual-Agonist Antibodies. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 137:38-41. [DOI: 10.1021/ja510519u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhang
- California Institute for Biomedical Research (Calibr), 11119 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Yan Liu
- California Institute for Biomedical Research (Calibr), 11119 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Ying Wang
- California Institute for Biomedical Research (Calibr), 11119 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Peter G. Schultz
- California Institute for Biomedical Research (Calibr), 11119 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Feng Wang
- California Institute for Biomedical Research (Calibr), 11119 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
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