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Wang K, Zhan HQ, Hu Y, Yuan ZY, Yang JF, Yang DS, Tao LS, Xu T. The role of interleukin-20 in liver disease: Functions, mechanisms and clinical applications. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29853. [PMID: 38699038 PMCID: PMC11064155 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Liver disease is a severe public health concern worldwide. There is a close relationship between the liver and cytokines, and liver inflammation from a variety of causes leads to the release and activation of cytokines. The functions of cytokines are complex and variable, and are closely related to their cellular origin, target molecules and mode of action. Interleukin (IL)-20 has been studied as a pro-inflammatory cytokine that is expressed and regulated in some diseases. Furthermore, accumulating evidences has shown that IL-20 is highly expressed in clinical samples from patients with liver disease, promoting the production of pro-inflammatory molecules involved in liver disease progression, and antagonists of IL-20 can effectively inhibit liver injury and produce protective effects. This review highlights the potential of targeting IL-20 in liver diseases, elucidates the potential mechanisms of IL-20 inducing liver injury, and suggests multiple viable strategies to mitigate the pro-inflammatory response to IL-20. Genomic CRISPR/Cas9-based screens may be a feasible way to further explore the signaling pathways and regulation of IL-20 in liver diseases. Nanovector systems targeting IL-20 offer new possibilities for the treatment and prevention of liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Wang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - He-Qin Zhan
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Ying Hu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Zhan-Yuan Yuan
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Jun-Fa Yang
- Department of orthopedics, Anhui Children's Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Da-Shuai Yang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Liang-Song Tao
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Tao Xu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
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Shaji V, Dagamajalu S, Sanjeev D, George M, Kanekar S, Prasad G, Keshava Prasad TS, Raju R, Devasahayam Arokia Balaya R. Deciphering the Receptor-Mediated Signaling Pathways of Interleukin-19 and Interleukin-20. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2024. [PMID: 38451706 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2024.0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-19 (IL-19) and Interleukin-20 (IL-20) are inflammatory cytokines belonging to the IL-10 family with immunoregulatory properties. Emerging evidence highlights the importance of association of these cytokines with both immunological and inflammatory disorders, including chronic inflammation, cardiac dysfunction, and cancer. IL-19 and IL-20 bind to the heterodimeric receptor complex and induce multiple downstream signaling cascades by activating the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 (AKT1), and NFKB inhibitor alpha (NFKBIA), leading to proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory reactions in cancer, inflammation, tumor microenvironment, and infectious diseases. Considering the significant role of these cytokines, we integrated its cellular signaling network by combining multiomics molecular events associated with 56 molecules of induced by IL-19 and 156 molecules of by IL-20. The reactions of these signaling events are classified into enzyme catalysis/post-translational modifications, activation/inhibition events, molecular associations, gene regulations at the mRNA and protein level, and the protein translocation events. We believe that this signaling pathway map would serve as a knowledge base, that aid researchers and clinicians to understand and explore the intricate mechanisms and identify novel signaling components and therapeutic targets for diseases associated with dysregulated IL-19 and IL-20 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vineetha Shaji
- Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, India
| | - Shobha Dagamajalu
- Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, India
| | - Diya Sanjeev
- Center for Integrative Omics Data Science, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, India
| | - Mejo George
- Center for Integrative Omics Data Science, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, India
| | - Saptami Kanekar
- Center for Integrative Omics Data Science, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, India
| | - Ganesh Prasad
- Department of Biochemistry, Yenepoya Medical College, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, India
| | | | - Rajesh Raju
- Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, India
- Center for Integrative Omics Data Science, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, India
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3
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Chiriac MT, Hracsko Z, Günther C, Gonzalez-Acera M, Atreya R, Stolzer I, Wittner L, Dressel A, Schickedanz L, Gamez-Belmonte R, Erkert L, Hundorfean G, Zundler S, Rath T, Vetrano S, Danese S, Sturm G, Trajanoski Z, Kühl AA, Siegmund B, Hartmann A, Wirtz S, Siebler J, Finotto S, Becker C, Neurath MF. IL-20 controls resolution of experimental colitis by regulating epithelial IFN/STAT2 signalling. Gut 2024; 73:282-297. [PMID: 37884352 PMCID: PMC10850655 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2023-329628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We sought to investigate the role of interleukin (IL)-20 in IBD and experimental colitis. DESIGN Experimental colitis was induced in mice deficient in components of the IL-20 and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)2 signalling pathways. In vivo imaging, high-resolution mini-endoscopy and histology were used to assess intestinal inflammation. We further used RNA-sequencing (RNA-Seq), RNAScope and Gene Ontology analysis, western blot analysis and co-immunoprecipitation, confocal microscopy and intestinal epithelial cell (IEC)-derived three-dimensional organoids to investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms. Results were validated using samples from patients with IBD and non-IBD control subjects by a combination of RNA-Seq, organoids and immunostainings. RESULTS In IBD, IL20 levels were induced during remission and were significantly higher in antitumour necrosis factor responders versus non-responders. IL-20RA and IL-20RB were present on IECs from patients with IBD and IL-20-induced STAT3 and suppressed interferon (IFN)-STAT2 signalling in these cells. In IBD, experimental dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis and mucosal healing, IECs were the main producers of IL-20. Compared with wildtype controls, Il20-/-, Il20ra-/- and Il20rb-/- mice were more susceptible to experimental DSS-induced colitis. IL-20 deficiency was associated with increased IFN/STAT2 activity in mice and IFN/STAT2-induced necroptotic cell death in IEC-derived organoids could be markedly blocked by IL-20. Moreover, newly generated Stat2ΔIEC mice, lacking STAT2 in IECs, were less susceptible to experimental colitis compared with wildtype controls and the administration of IL-20 suppressed colitis activity in wildtype animals. CONCLUSION IL-20 controls colitis and mucosal healing by interfering with the IFN/STAT2 death signalling pathway in IECs. These results indicate new directions for suppressing gut inflammation by modulating IL-20-controlled STAT2 signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mircea Teodor Chiriac
- Department of Medicine 1, Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Pneumology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Zsuzsanna Hracsko
- Department of Medicine 1, Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Pneumology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Claudia Günther
- Department of Medicine 1, Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Pneumology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Miguel Gonzalez-Acera
- Department of Medicine 1, Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Pneumology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Raja Atreya
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Medicine 1, Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Pneumology, and the Ludwig Demling Endoscopy Center of Excellence, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Iris Stolzer
- Department of Medicine 1, Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Pneumology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Leonie Wittner
- Department of Medicine 1, Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Pneumology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Anja Dressel
- Department of Medicine 1, Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Pneumology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Laura Schickedanz
- Department of Medicine 1, Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Pneumology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Reyes Gamez-Belmonte
- Department of Medicine 1, Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Pneumology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Lena Erkert
- Department of Medicine 1, Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Pneumology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Gheorghe Hundorfean
- Department of Medicine 1, Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Pneumology, and the Ludwig Demling Endoscopy Center of Excellence, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Zundler
- Department of Medicine 1, Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Pneumology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Timo Rath
- Department of Medicine 1, Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Pneumology, and the Ludwig Demling Endoscopy Center of Excellence, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stefania Vetrano
- IBD Center, Department of Gastroenterology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy
- Pieve Emanuele, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvio Danese
- Department of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy & Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Disease, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milano, Italy
- Faculty of Medicine, Universita Vita Salute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy
| | - Gregor Sturm
- Medical University of Innsbruck, Biocenter, Institute of Bioinformatics, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Zlatko Trajanoski
- Medical University of Innsbruck, Biocenter, Institute of Bioinformatics, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Anja A Kühl
- iPATH.Berlin, Core Unit of Charité, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charite Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Britta Siegmund
- Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Medical Department, Division of Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases and Rheumatology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charite Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Arndt Hartmann
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stefan Wirtz
- Department of Medicine 1, Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Pneumology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jürgen Siebler
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Medicine 1, Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Pneumology, and the Ludwig Demling Endoscopy Center of Excellence, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Susetta Finotto
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Molecular Pneumology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Nurnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christoph Becker
- Department of Medicine 1, Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Pneumology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Markus F Neurath
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Medicine 1, Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Pneumology, and the Ludwig Demling Endoscopy Center of Excellence, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
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Meng B, Yang B, Qu Y, Liu Y, Wu D, Fu C, He Y, Chen X, Liu C, Kou X, Cao Y. Dual Role of Interleukin-20 in Different Stages of Osteoclast Differentiation and Its Osteoimmune Regulation during Alveolar Bone Remodeling. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043810. [PMID: 36835229 PMCID: PMC9961846 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoimmunology mediators are critical to balance osteoblastogenesis and osteoclastogenesis to maintain bone homeostasis. A lot of the osteoimmunology mediators are regulated by interleukin-20 (IL-20). However, little is known about the role of IL-20 in bone remodeling. Here, we showed that IL-20 expression was correlated with osteoclast (OC) activity in remodeled alveolar bone during orthodontic tooth movement (OTM). Ovariectomize (OVX) in rats promoted OC activity and enhanced IL-20 expression, while blocking OC inhibited IL-20 expression in osteoclasts. In vitro, IL-20 treatment promoted survival, inhibited apoptosis of the preosteoclast at the early stages of osteoclast differentiation, and boosted the formation of osteoclasts and their bone resorption function at the late stages. More importantly, anti-IL-20 antibody treatment blocked IL-20-induced osteoclastogenesis and the subsequent bone resorption function. Mechanistically, we showed that IL-20 synergistically acts with RANKL to activate the NF-κB signaling pathway to promote the expression of c-Fos and NFATc1 to promote osteoclastogenesis. Moreover, we found that local injection of IL-20 or anti-IL-20 antibody enhanced osteoclast activity and accelerated OTM in rats, while blocking IL-20 reversed this phenomenon. This study revealed a previously unknown role of IL-20 in regulating alveolar bone remodeling and implies the application of IL-20 to accelerated OTM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Meng
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, China
- South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
| | - Benyi Yang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, China
- South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
| | - Yan Qu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, China
- South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
| | - Yuanbo Liu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, China
- South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
| | - Dongle Wu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, China
- South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
| | - Chaoran Fu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, China
- South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
| | - Yifan He
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, China
- South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, China
- South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
| | - Chufeng Liu
- Department of Orthodontics, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Xiaoxing Kou
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, China
- South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
- Correspondence: (X.K.); (Y.C.)
| | - Yang Cao
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, China
- South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
- Correspondence: (X.K.); (Y.C.)
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Hyldahl F, Hem-Jensen E, Rahbek UL, Tritsaris K, Dissing S. Pulsed electric fields stimulate microglial transmitter release of VEGF, IL-8 and GLP-1 and activate endothelial cells through paracrine signaling. Neurochem Int 2023; 163:105469. [PMID: 36592699 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2022.105469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
As action potentials propagate along an axon, pulsed extracellular electric fields (E-fields) are induced. We investigated the role of E-fields in activating microglia cells and affecting capillary function and found that E-fields control human microglia secretions in concert with purinergic factors. We generated E-fields by applying transcranial pulsed electromagnetic fields (T-PEMF) identical to those appearing outside neurons as action potentials propagate. T-PEMF alone enhanced mRNA synthesis for VEGF, IL-8, IL-6 and the proglucagon gene as well as the PC1/3 enzyme that cleaves the proglucagon protein to glucagon and GLP-1 proteins. We found that T-PEMF enhanced secretion from microglia of VEGF, IL-8 and GLP-1 proteins having angiogenic and proliferative profiles. Interestingly, T-PEMF and purinergic transmitters together enhanced secretions confirming synergy between their actions. ATP also induced nitric oxide (NO) syntheses in distinct locations in the nucleus and the mRNA synthesis for the responsible iNOS was reduced by T-PEMF. When the microglia-secretory fluid was added to brain endothelial cells we saw vivid Ca2+ signaling and enhanced transcription of mRNA for IL-8 and VEGF. Our previous work shows that applying T-PEMF to the human brain provides up to 60% remission for patients with refractory depressions within 8 weeks and improvements for Parkinson patients. Thus, physiological E-fields activate microglia, work synergistically with neurotransmitters, and cause paracrine secretions which cause activation of capillaries. Application of these E-Fields is effective for treating refractory depressions and appear promising for treating neurodegenerative brain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederikke Hyldahl
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, The Faculty of Health Sciences, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, 2200N, Denmark
| | - Elisabeth Hem-Jensen
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, The Faculty of Health Sciences, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, 2200N, Denmark
| | - Ulrik L Rahbek
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, The Faculty of Health Sciences, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, 2200N, Denmark
| | - Katerina Tritsaris
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, The Faculty of Health Sciences, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, 2200N, Denmark
| | - Steen Dissing
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, The Faculty of Health Sciences, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, 2200N, Denmark.
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6
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Dang H, Hassan Z, Jia Z, Wu Y, Xiao H, Huang W, Guo X, Zhao X, Li Y, Zou J, Wang J. Grass carp IL-20 binds to IL-20R2 but induces STAT3 phosphorylation via IL-20R1. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 132:108445. [PMID: 36414129 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
IL-20 is a pleiotropic cytokine that belongs to the IL-10 family and has a variety of biological functions in tissue homeostasis and regulation of host immune defenses. It signals through a heterodimeric receptor composed of a subunit with a long intracellular domain (R1 type receptor) and a subunit with a short intracellular domain (R2 type receptor). In this study, the R1 type receptor (CiIL-20R1/CRFB8) and the R2 type receptor (CiIL-20R2/CRFB16) were identified in grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella. Expression analysis revealed that IL-20R2 was highly expressed in the gills and skin in healthy fish. Infection with Flavobacterium columnare resulted in the downregulation of both receptors in the gill at 48 and 72 h, whilst infection with grass carp reovirus induced their expression in the head kidney and spleen at 72 h. In the primary head kidney leucocytes, the expression levels of IL-20R1 and IL-20R2 were decreased after stimulation with 250 ng/mL IL-1β but not affected by IFN-γ. Co-immunoprecipitation analysis showed that CiIL-20R2/CRFB16 but not CiIL-20R1/CRFB8 bound to CiIL-20L. Furthermore, it was shown that CiIL-20R1/CRFB8 was responsible for activating the phosphorylation of STAT3, whilst CiIL-20R2/CRFB16 was not involved. Structural modeling analysis showed that key residues involved in the interaction between IL-20 and receptors were highly conserved between grass carp and humans, suggesting that the signal transduction and functions of IL-20/IL-20R axis are evolutionarily conserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifeng Dang
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Zeinab Hassan
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, University, Shanghai, 201306, China; Department of Fish Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aswan University, Sahari, Airport Way, 81528, Egypt
| | - Zhao Jia
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Yaxin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Hehe Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Wenji Huang
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Xu Guo
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Yaoguo Li
- Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center of Featured Aquatic Resources Utilization, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Jun Zou
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, University, Shanghai, 201306, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266200, China
| | - Junya Wang
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, University, Shanghai, 201306, China.
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Waszczykowski M, Fabiś-Strobin A, Bednarski I, Narbutt J, Fabiś J. Serum and synovial fluid concentrations of interleukin-18 and interleukin-20 in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee and their correlation with other markers of inflammation and turnover of joint cartilage. Arch Med Sci 2022; 18:448-458. [PMID: 35316898 PMCID: PMC8924851 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2020.96717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common degenerative joint disease, and its aetiology is not entirely known. The aim of the study was to evaluate the involvement of interleukin-18 (IL-18) and interleukin-20 (IL-20) in the pathogenesis of knee OA and their correlations with other markers of inflammation and destruction of joint cartilage, as well as clinical and radiological changes. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study included 25 patients with knee OA and a control group. The concentration of IL-18, IL-20, IL-6, MMP-1, MMP-3, COMP, PG-AG, and YKL-40 in serum and synovial fluid (SF) were determined. We also evaluated radiological lesions of the knee joint according to the Kellgren-Lawrence (K-L) scale, and clinical severity of the disease according to Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) and Lequesne Index. RESULTS The concentrations of IL-18 and IL-20 were statistically significantly higher in serum of patients with OA than in the control group (106.00 ±189.76 pg/ml vs. 16.73 ±16.99 pg/ml, p < 0.001, 17.69 ±13.45 pg/ml vs. 9.76 ±9.00 pg/ml, p < 0.014). Serum concentration of IL-18 positively correlated with MMP-3 (R = 0.58; p = 0.006) and YKL-40 (R = 0.48; p = 0.002). The degree of radiological advancement of OA (K-L scale) correlated positively with clinical evaluation (WOMAC, R = 0.74, p ≤ 0.001; Lequesne Index, R = 0.57, p = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS The analysis of ROC curves showed that IL-20 as well as COMP, MMP-3, and YKL-40 may be diagnostic markers of knee OA. The observations indicate that IL-18 potentially mediates mainly in intra-articular processes and IL-20 could be primarily responsible for the systemic inflammatory reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Waszczykowski
- Department of Arthroscopy, Minimally Invasive Surgery, and Sports Traumatology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Anna Fabiś-Strobin
- Clinic of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, Polish Mother’s Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Lodz, Poland
| | - Igor Bednarski
- Dermatology, Paediatric Dermatology, and Oncology Clinic, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Joanna Narbutt
- Dermatology, Paediatric Dermatology, and Oncology Clinic, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Jarosław Fabiś
- Department of Arthroscopy, Minimally Invasive Surgery, and Sports Traumatology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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Xu S, Zhang J, Liu J, Ye J, Xu Y, Wang Z, Yu J, Ye D, Zhao M, Feng Y, Pan W, Wang M, Wan J. The role of interleukin-10 family members in cardiovascular diseases. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 94:107475. [PMID: 33662690 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-10 cytokine family members, including IL-10, IL-19, IL-20, IL-22, IL-24, IL-26 and the distantly related IL-28A, IL-28B, and IL-29, play critical roles in the regulation of inflammation. The occurrence and progression of cardiovascular diseases closely correlate with the regulation of inflammation, which may provide novel strategies for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. In recent years, studies have focused on the association between the IL-10 cytokine family and the physiological and pathological progression of cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this review is to summarize relevant studies and clarify whether the IL-10 cytokine family contributes to the regulation of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuwan Xu
- The First Clinical College of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jishou Zhang
- The First Clinical College of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianfang Liu
- The First Clinical College of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Ye
- The First Clinical College of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yao Xu
- The First Clinical College of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- The First Clinical College of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Junping Yu
- The First Clinical College of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Di Ye
- The First Clinical College of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengmeng Zhao
- The First Clinical College of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yongqi Feng
- The First Clinical College of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Pan
- The First Clinical College of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Menglong Wang
- The First Clinical College of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Jun Wan
- The First Clinical College of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China.
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Wang W, Wang B, Sun S, Cao S, Zhai X, Zhang C, Zhang Q, Yuan Q, Sun Y, Xue M, Ma J, Xu F, Wei S, Chen Y. Inhibition of adenosine kinase attenuates myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion injury. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:2931-2943. [PMID: 33523568 PMCID: PMC7957171 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased adenosine helps limit infarct size in ischaemia/reperfusion‐injured hearts. In cardiomyocytes, 90% of adenosine is catalysed by adenosine kinase (ADK) and ADK inhibition leads to higher concentrations of both intracellular adenosine and extracellular adenosine. However, the role of ADK inhibition in myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury remains less obvious. We explored the role of ADK inhibition in myocardial I/R injury using mouse left anterior ligation model. To inhibit ADK, the inhibitor ABT‐702 was intraperitoneally injected or AAV9 (adeno‐associated virus)—ADK—shRNA was introduced via tail vein injection. H9c2 cells were exposed to hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. ADK was transiently increased after myocardial I/R injury. Pharmacological or genetic ADK inhibition reduced infarct size, improved cardiac function and prevented cell apoptosis and necroptosis in I/R‐injured mouse hearts. In vitro, ADK inhibition also prevented cell apoptosis and cell necroptosis in H/R‐treated H9c2 cells. Cleaved caspase‐9, cleaved caspase‐8, cleaved caspase‐3, MLKL and the phosphorylation of MLKL and CaMKII were decreased by ADK inhibition in reperfusion‐injured cardiomyocytes. X‐linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP), which is phosphorylated and stabilized via the adenosine receptors A2B and A1/Akt pathways, should play a central role in the effects of ADK inhibition on cell apoptosis and necroptosis. These data suggest that ADK plays an important role in myocardial I/R injury by regulating cell apoptosis and necroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Wang
- Department of Emergency and Chest Pain Center, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong University, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary-Cerebral Resuscitation Research of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Bailu Wang
- Clinical Trial Center, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shukun Sun
- Department of Emergency and Chest Pain Center, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong University, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary-Cerebral Resuscitation Research of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shengchuan Cao
- Department of Emergency and Chest Pain Center, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong University, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary-Cerebral Resuscitation Research of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Zhai
- Department of Emergency and Chest Pain Center, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong University, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary-Cerebral Resuscitation Research of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Chuanxin Zhang
- Department of Emergency and Chest Pain Center, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong University, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary-Cerebral Resuscitation Research of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qun Zhang
- Department of Emergency and Chest Pain Center, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong University, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary-Cerebral Resuscitation Research of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qiuhuan Yuan
- Department of Emergency and Chest Pain Center, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong University, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary-Cerebral Resuscitation Research of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Department of Emergency and Chest Pain Center, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong University, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary-Cerebral Resuscitation Research of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Mengyang Xue
- Department of Emergency and Chest Pain Center, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong University, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary-Cerebral Resuscitation Research of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jingjing Ma
- Department of Emergency and Chest Pain Center, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong University, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary-Cerebral Resuscitation Research of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of Emergency and Chest Pain Center, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong University, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary-Cerebral Resuscitation Research of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shujian Wei
- Department of Emergency and Chest Pain Center, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong University, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary-Cerebral Resuscitation Research of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yuguo Chen
- Department of Emergency and Chest Pain Center, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong University, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary-Cerebral Resuscitation Research of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Recruitment and maturation of the coronary collateral circulation: Current understanding and perspectives in arteriogenesis. Microvasc Res 2020; 132:104058. [PMID: 32798552 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2020.104058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The coronary collateral circulation is a rich anastomotic network of primitive vessels which have the ability to augment in size and function through the process of arteriogenesis. In this review, we evaluate the current understandings of the molecular and cellular mechanisms by which this process occurs, specifically focussing on elevated fluid shear stress (FSS), inflammation, the redox state and gene expression along with the integrative, parallel and simultaneous process by which this occurs. The initiating step of arteriogenesis occurs following occlusion of an epicardial coronary artery, with an increase in FSS detected by mechanoreceptors within the endothelium. This must occur within a 'redox window' where an equilibrium of oxidative and reductive factors are present. These factors initially result in an inflammatory milieu, mediated by neutrophils as well as lymphocytes, with resultant activation of a number of downstream molecular pathways resulting in increased expression of proteins involved in monocyte attraction and adherence; namely vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1), monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β). Once monocytes and other inflammatory cells adhere to the endothelium they enter the extracellular matrix and differentiate into macrophages in an effort to create a favourable environment for vessel growth and development. Activated macrophages secrete inflammatory cytokines such as tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), growth factors such as fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) and matrix metalloproteinases. Finally, vascular smooth muscle cells proliferate and switch to a contractile phenotype, resulting in an increased diameter and functionality of the collateral vessel, thereby allowing improved perfusion of the distal myocardium subtended by the occluded vessel. This simultaneously reduces FSS within the collateral vessel, inhibiting further vessel growth.
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Interleukin-18, interleukin-20, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-1, MMP-3) as markers of psoriatic arthritis disease severity and their correlations with biomarkers of inflammation and turnover of joint cartilage. Postepy Dermatol Alergol 2020; 37:1001-1008. [PMID: 33603622 PMCID: PMC7874883 DOI: 10.5114/ada.2020.94903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a chronic, seronegative spondyloarthropathy characterised by joint inflammation and psoriatic skin changes. Recent data indicate that interleukin-18 (IL-18) and interleukin-20 (IL-20) may be involved in the aetiopathogenesis of PsA. Aim To evaluate the potential role of IL-18, IL-20, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-1, MMP-3) in the pathogenesis of PsA and their correlations with other markers of inflammation and destruction of joint cartilage, as well as clinical changes. Material and methods The study included 24 patients with PsA and 26 healthy volunteers as a control group. The concentration of IL-18 and IL-20, c-reactive protein (CRP), metalloproteinase-1 and -3 (MMP-1, MMP-3), cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP), aggrecan (PG-AG), and human cartilage glycoprotein (YKL-40) in serum was determined. Clinical severity of the disease according to the BSA, PASI, and DLQI as well as tender and swollen joint count (TJC, SJC) were also evaluated. Results The concentration of IL-18 was statistically significantly higher in the serum of patients with PsA than in the control group (62.87 pg/ml vs. 16.73 pg/ml, p < 0.0049). Serum IL-20 levels in PsA patients were also higher than in the control group, but without statistical significance (p = 0.2939). The ROC curves showed: AUC = 0.81 for IL-18, AUC = 0.75 for IL-20, AUC = 0.96 for COMP, and AUC = 0.89 for MMP-3. Conclusions IL-18 and IL-20 as well as MMP-3 and COMP may be sensitive markers in the diagnosis of PsA.
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Tsai KL, Hsieh PL, Chou WC, Hung CH, Yang HL, Chang YC, Chu PM, Chang MS, Chan SH. IL-20 promotes hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis in cardiomyocytes by upregulating oxidative stress by activating the PKC/NADPH oxidase pathway. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2020; 1866:165684. [PMID: 31953216 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.165684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is the maximum critical cardiovascular event and causes high morbidity and mortality worldwide. The ischemia and reperfusion that occur in AMI cause apoptosis and cellular dysfunction in cardiomyocytes. IL-20, an IL-10 family member, is involved in various inflammatory diseases. Therefore, we sought to elucidate the role of IL-20 in the infarcted heart following ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. We found that IL-20 and its receptors, IL-20R1 and IL-20R2, were increased in H2C2 cardiomyoblast cells and ventricular tissues subjected to hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) stimulation. The presence of IL-20 further inhibited the cell viability of H9C2 cells and primary cardiomyocytes. Our results suggested that IL-20 elicited an increase in Ca2+ and activation of the PKC/NADPH oxidase pathway, leading to the elevation of oxidase stress and downregulation of AKT. Furthermore, we demonstrated that IL-20 was able to mediate H/R-induced apoptosis via PKC/NADPH oxidase/AKT signaling. Our findings implied that IL-20 was responsive to H/R stress in vitro and in rat hearts undergoing I/R injury, and this upregulation of IL-20 may contribute to the apoptosis of cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Ling Tsai
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Institute of Allied Health Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ling Hsieh
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Ching Chou
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hsia Hung
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Institute of Allied Health Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Lun Yang
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Ching Chang
- Department of Nursing, Shu-Zen Junior College of Medicine and Management, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ming Chu
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Shi Chang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
| | - Shih-Hung Chan
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan..
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Chen J, Caspi RR, Po Chong W. IL-20 receptor cytokines in autoimmune diseases. J Leukoc Biol 2018; 104:953-959. [PMID: 30260500 PMCID: PMC6298946 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.mr1117-471r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2018] [Revised: 07/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
IL-19, IL-20, and IL-24 are the members of IL-10 family. They are also known as IL-20 receptor (IL-20R) cytokines as they all signal through the IL-20RA/IL-20RB receptor complex; IL-20 and IL-24 (but not IL-19) also signal through the IL-20RB/IL22RA1 receptor complex. Despite their protein structure homology and shared use of receptor complexes, they display distinct biological functions in immune regulation, tissue homeostasis, host defense, and oncogenesis. IL-20R cytokines can be expressed by both immune cells and epithelial cells, and are important for their interaction. In general, these cytokines are considered to be associated with pathogenesis of chronic inflammation and autoimmune diseases, including psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, and inflammatory bowel disease. However, a number of studies also highlighted their suppressive functions in regulating both innate and adaptive T cell responses and other immune cells, suggesting that the role of IL-20R cytokines in autoimmunity may be complex. In this review, we will discuss the immunobiological functions of IL-20R cytokines and how they are involved in regulating autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060 China
| | - Rachel R Caspi
- Laboratory of Immunology, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1857, USA
| | - Wai Po Chong
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060 China
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14
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Xu Y, Lu X, Hu Y, Yang B, Tsui CK, Yu S, Lu L, Liang X. Melatonin attenuated retinal neovascularization and neuroglial dysfunction by inhibition of HIF-1α-VEGF pathway in oxygen-induced retinopathy mice. J Pineal Res 2018; 64:e12473. [PMID: 29411894 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a retinopathy characterized by retinal neovascularization (RNV) occurring in preterm infants treated with high concentrations of oxygen and may lead to blindness in severe cases. Currently, anti-VEGF therapy is a major treatment for ROP, but it is costly and may cause serious complications. The previous study has demonstrated that melatonin exerted neuroprotective effect against retinal ganglion cell death induced by hypoxia in neonatal rats. However, whether melatonin is anti-angiogenic and neuroglial protective in the progression of ROP remains unknown. Thus, this study was to investigate the effect of melatonin on RNV and neuroglia in the retina of oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) mice. The results showed a reduction in retinal vascular leakage in OIR mice after melatonin treatment. Besides, the size of retinal neovascular and avascular areas, the number of preretinal neovascular cell nuclei, and the number of proliferative vascular endothelial cells within the neovascular area were significantly decreased in mice treated with melatonin. After oxygen-induced injury, the density of astrocytes was decreased, accompanied by morphologic and functional changes of astrocytes. Besides, retinal microglia were also activated. Meanwhile, the levels of inflammatory factors were elevated. However, these pathologic processes were all hindered by melatonin treatment. Furthermore, HIF-1α-VEGF pathway was activated in the retina of OIR mice, yet was suppressed in melatonin-treated OIR mice retinas. In conclusion, melatonin prevented pathologic neovascularization, protected neuroglial cells, and exerts anti-inflammation effect via inhibition of HIF-1α-VEGF pathway in OIR retinas, suggesting that melatonin could be a promising therapeutic agent for ROP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xi Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yaguang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Boyu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ching-Kit Tsui
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Shanshan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Lin Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiaoling Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
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15
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Autieri MV. IL-19 and Other IL-20 Family Member Cytokines in Vascular Inflammatory Diseases. Front Immunol 2018; 9:700. [PMID: 29681905 PMCID: PMC5897441 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease remains a major medical and socioeconomic burden in developed and developing countries and will increase with an aging and increasingly sedentary society. Many vascular diseases and atherosclerotic vascular disease, in particular, are essentially inflammatory disorders, involving multiple cell types. Communication between these cells is initiated and sustained by a complex network of cytokines and their receptors. The interleukin (IL)-20 family members, IL-19, IL-20, IL-22, and IL-24, initiate, sustain, and drive the progression of vascular disease. They are important in vascular disease as they facilitate a bidirectional cross-talk between resident vascular cells with immune cells. These cytokines are grouped into the same family based on shared common receptor subunits and signaling pathways. This communication is varied and can result in exacerbation, attenuation, and even repair of the vasculature. We will briefly review what is known about IL-20, IL-22, and IL-24 in cardiovascular biology. Because IL-19 is the most studied member of this family in terms of its role in vascular pathophysiological processes, the major emphasis of this review will focus on the expression and atheroprotective roles of IL-19 in vascular inflammatory disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael V Autieri
- Department of Physiology, Independence Blue Cross Cardiovascular Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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16
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The roles of interleukins in perfusion recovery after peripheral arterial disease. Biosci Rep 2018; 38:BSR20171455. [PMID: 29358309 PMCID: PMC5809615 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20171455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2017] [Revised: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In peripheral arterial disease (PAD) patients, occlusions in the major arteries that supply the leg makes blood flow dependent on the capacity of neovascularization. There is no current medication that is able to increase neovascularization to the ischemic limb and directly treat the primary problem of PAD. An increasing body of evidence supports the notion that inflammation plays an important role in the vascular remodeling and perfusion recovery after PAD. Interleukins (ILs), a group of proteins produced during inflammation, have been considered to be important for angiogenesis and arteriogenesis after tissue ischemia. This review summarizes the latest clinical and experimental developments of the role of ILs in blood perfusion recovery after PAD.
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17
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Chiu YS, Hsing CH, Li CF, Lee CY, Hsu YH, Chang MS. Anti-IL-20 monoclonal antibody inhibited tumor growth in hepatocellular carcinoma. Sci Rep 2017; 7:17609. [PMID: 29242565 PMCID: PMC5730582 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17054-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-20 is a proinflammatory cytokine involved in rheumatoid arthritis, atherosclerosis, and osteoporosis. However, the role of IL-20 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is unclear. We explored the function of IL-20 in HCC. Tumor tissue samples were analyzed the expression of IL-20 and cyclin D1 by using immunohistochemistry staining and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis. To examine the role of anti-IL-20 monoclonal antibody (7E) in tumor growth, BALB/c mice was injected with ML-1 cells and treated with 7E. HCC tumor tissue expressed higher levels of IL-20 than did non-tumor tissue. High IL-20 expression in HCC was correlated with poor overall survival (relative risk:>3). IL-20 and cyclin D1 expression were also highly correlated in HCC patient specimens and 3 human HCC cell lines. IL-20 also increased cell proliferation and migration, and it regulated matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-13, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, cyclin D1, and p21WAF1 expression in ML-1 cells. 7E attenuated tumor growth in mice inoculated with ML-1 cells. The expression of cyclin D1, TNF-α, MMP-9, and vascular endothelial growth factor was significantly inhibited after 7E treatment. The findings of this study suggest that IL-20 plays a role in the tumor progression of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Shu Chiu
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Hsi Hsing
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Feng Li
- Department of Pathology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.,National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Biotechnology, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chon-Yee Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsiang Hsu
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Research Center of Clinical Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Shi Chang
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan. .,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
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18
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Gao P, Niu N, Wei T, Tozawa H, Chen X, Zhang C, Zhang J, Wada Y, Kapron CM, Liu J. The roles of signal transducer and activator of transcription factor 3 in tumor angiogenesis. Oncotarget 2017; 8:69139-69161. [PMID: 28978186 PMCID: PMC5620326 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is the development of new blood vessels, which is required for tumor growth and metastasis. Signal transducer and activator of transcription factor 3 (STAT3) is a transcription factor that regulates a variety of cellular events including proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. Previous studies revealed that activation of STAT3 promotes tumor angiogenesis. In this review, we described the activities of STAT3 signaling in different cell types involved in angiogenesis. Particularly, we elucidated the molecular mechanisms of STAT3-mediated gene regulation in angiogenic endothelial cells in response to external stimulations such as hypoxia and inflammation. The potential for STAT3 as a therapeutic target was also discussed. Overall, this review provides mechanistic insights for the roles of STAT3 signaling in tumor angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Gao
- Medical Research Center, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Na Niu
- Department of Pediatrics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Tianshu Wei
- Medical Research Center, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Hideto Tozawa
- The Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Xiaocui Chen
- Medical Research Center, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Caiqing Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jiandong Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Youichiro Wada
- The Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Carolyn M Kapron
- Department of Biology, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ju Liu
- Medical Research Center, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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19
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Hsu YH, Yang YY, Huwang MH, Weng YH, Jou IM, Wu PT, Lin TY, Wu LW, Chang MS. Anti-IL-20 monoclonal antibody inhibited inflammation and protected against cartilage destruction in murine models of osteoarthritis. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0175802. [PMID: 28426699 PMCID: PMC5398531 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0175802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease characterized by progressive destruction of articular cartilage. Interleukin (IL)-20 is a proinflammatory cytokine involved in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis. We investigated the role of IL-20 in OA and evaluated whether anti-IL-20 antibody (7E) treatment attenuates disease severity in murine models of surgery-induced OA. Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect IL-20 and its receptors expression in synovial tissue and cartilage from OA patients, and in OA synovial fibroblasts (OASFs) and chondrocytes (OACCs) from rodents with surgery-induced OA. RTQ-PCR and western blotting were used to determine IL-20-regulated OA-associated gene expression in OASFs and OACCs. OA rats and OA mice were treated with 7E. Arthritis severity was determined based on the degree of cartilage damage and the arthritis severity score. We found that IL-20 and its receptors were expressed in OASFs and OACCs. IL-20 induced TNF-α, IL-1β, MMP-1, and MMP-13 expression by activating ERK-1/2 and JNK signals in OASFs. IL-20 not only upregulated MCP-1, IL-6, MMP-1, and MMP-13 expression, but also downregulated aggrecan, type 2 collagen, TGF-β, and BMP-2 expression in OACCs. Arthritis severity was significantly lower in 7E-treated OA rats, and 7E- or MSC-treated OA mice. Therefore, we concluded that IL-20 was involved in the progression and development of OA through inducing proinflammatory cytokines and OA-associated gene expression in OASFs and OACCs. 7E reduced the severity of arthritis in murine models of surgery-induced OA. Our findings provide evidence that IL-20 is a novel target and that 7E is a potential therapeutic agent for OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hsiang Hsu
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Research Center of Clinical Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan.,Research Center of New Antibody Drug, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Yu Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Man-Hsiang Huwang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Han Weng
- Research Center of New Antibody Drug, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - I-Ming Jou
- Department of Orthopedics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Po-Tin Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Tain-Yu Lin
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Li-Wha Wu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Shi Chang
- Research Center of New Antibody Drug, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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20
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Kako F, Gabunia K, Ray M, Kelemen SE, England RN, Kako B, Scalia RG, Autieri MV. Interleukin-19 induces angiogenesis in the absence of hypoxia by direct and indirect immune mechanisms. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2016; 310:C931-41. [PMID: 27053520 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00006.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Neovascularization and inflammation are independent biological processes but are linked in response to injury. The role of inflammation-dampening cytokines in the regulation of angiogenesis remains to be clarified. The purpose of this work was to test the hypothesis that IL-19 can induce angiogenesis in the absence of tissue hypoxia and to identify potential mechanisms. Using the aortic ring model of angiogenesis, we found significantly reduced sprouting capacity in aortic rings from IL-19(-/-) compared with wild-type mice. Using an in vivo assay, we found that IL-19(-/-) mice respond to vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) significantly less than wild-type mice and demonstrate decreased capillary formation in Matrigel plugs. IL-19 signals through the IL-20 receptor complex, and IL-19 induces IL-20 receptor subunit expression in aortic rings and cultured human vascular smooth muscle cells, but not endothelial cells, in a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ-dependent mechanism. IL-19 activates STAT3, and IL-19 angiogenic activity in aortic rings is STAT3-dependent. Using a quantitative RT-PCR screening assay, we determined that IL-19 has direct proangiogenic effects on aortic rings by inducing angiogenic gene expression. M2 macrophages participate in angiogenesis, and IL-19 has indirect angiogenic effects, as IL-19-stimulated bone marrow-derived macrophages secrete proangiogenic factors that induce greater sprouting of aortic rings than unstimulated controls. Using a quantitative RT-PCR screen, we determined that IL-19 induces expression of angiogenic cytokines in bone marrow-derived macrophages. Together, these data suggest that IL-19 can promote angiogenesis in the absence of hypoxia by at least two distinct mechanisms: 1) direct effects on vascular cells and 2) indirect effects by stimulation of macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Kako
- Department of Physiology, Independence Blue Cross Cardiovascular Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Khatuna Gabunia
- Department of Physiology, Independence Blue Cross Cardiovascular Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Mitali Ray
- Department of Physiology, Independence Blue Cross Cardiovascular Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Sheri E Kelemen
- Department of Physiology, Independence Blue Cross Cardiovascular Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Ross N England
- Department of Physiology, Independence Blue Cross Cardiovascular Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Bashar Kako
- Department of Physiology, Independence Blue Cross Cardiovascular Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Rosario G Scalia
- Department of Physiology, Independence Blue Cross Cardiovascular Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Michael V Autieri
- Department of Physiology, Independence Blue Cross Cardiovascular Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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21
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Evaluation of the clinical relevance and limitations of current pre-clinical models of peripheral artery disease. Clin Sci (Lond) 2015; 130:127-50. [DOI: 10.1042/cs20150435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral artery disease (PAD) has recognized treatment deficiencies requiring the discovery of novel interventions. This article describes current animal models of PAD and discusses their advantages and disadvantages. There is a need for models which more directly simulate the characteristics of human PAD, such as acute-on-chronic presentation, presence of established risk factors and impairment of physical activity.
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22
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Mayer C, Bergholdt R, Cucak H, Rolin BC, Sams A, Rosendahl A. Neutralizing Anti-IL20 Antibody Treatment Significantly Modulates Low Grade Inflammation without Affecting HbA1c in Type 2 Diabetic db/db Mice. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0131306. [PMID: 26162095 PMCID: PMC4498892 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0131306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Low grade inflammation is present in pre-clinical and human type 2 diabetes. In this process, several cytokines like IL-1β and inflammatory cells like macrophages are activated and demonstrated to participate to the disease initiation and progression. IL-20 is a cytokine known to play non-redundant roles in progression of several inflammatory diseases. To address the therapeutic effect of inhibiting the IL-20 pathway in diabetes, diabetic db/db mice were treated with neutralizing anti-IL20 antibodies in vivo and both metabolic and inflammatory parameters were followed. Diabetic islets expressed the IL-20 cytokine and all IL-20 receptor components in elevated levels compared to resting non-diabetic islets. Islets were responsive to ex vivo IL-20 stimulation measured as SOCS induction and KC and IL-6 production. Neutralizing anti-IL20 treatment in vivo had no effect on HbA1c or weight although the slope of blood glucose increase was lowered. In contrast, anti-IL20 treatment significantly reduced the systemic low-grade inflammation and modulated the local pancreatic immunity. Significant reduction of the systemic IL-1β and MCP-1 was demonstrated upon anti-IL20 treatment which was orchestrated with a reduced RANTES, IL-16 and IL-2 but increased TIMP-1, MCP-1 and IL-6 protein expression locally in the pancreas. Interestingly, anti-IL20 treatment induced an expansion of the myeloid suppressor CD11bGr1int macrophage while reducing the number of CD8 T cells. Taken together, anti-IL20 treatment showed moderate effects on metabolic parameters, but significantly altered the low grade local and systemic inflammation. Hence, future combination therapies with anti-IL20 may provide beneficial therapeutic effects in type 2 diabetes through a reduction of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Mayer
- Department of Diabetic Complications Biology, Global Research, NovoNordisk A/S, Måløv, Denmark
| | - Regine Bergholdt
- Department of Diabetic Complications Biology, Global Research, NovoNordisk A/S, Måløv, Denmark
| | - Helena Cucak
- Department of Diabetic Complications Biology, Global Research, NovoNordisk A/S, Måløv, Denmark
| | - Bidda Charlotte Rolin
- Department of Translational Pharmacology, Global Research, NovoNordisk A/S, Måløv, Denmark
| | - Anette Sams
- Department of Diabetic Complications Biology, Global Research, NovoNordisk A/S, Måløv, Denmark
| | - Alexander Rosendahl
- Department of Diabetic Complications Biology, Global Research, NovoNordisk A/S, Måløv, Denmark
- * E-mail:
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23
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Szade A, Grochot-Przeczek A, Florczyk U, Jozkowicz A, Dulak J. Cellular and molecular mechanisms of inflammation-induced angiogenesis. IUBMB Life 2015; 67:145-59. [PMID: 25899846 DOI: 10.1002/iub.1358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Blood vessel formation is a fundamental process for the development of organism and tissue regeneration. Of importance, angiogenesis occurring during postnatal development is usually connected with inflammation. Here, we review how molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying inflammatory reactions regulate angiogenesis. Inflamed tissues are characterized by hypoxic conditions and immune cell infiltration. In this review, we describe an interplay of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), HIF1 and HIF2, as well as NF-κB and nitric oxide in the regulation of angiogenesis. The mobilization of macrophages and the differential role of M1 and M2 macrophage subsets in angiogenesis are also discussed. Next, we present the current knowledge about microRNA regulation of inflammation in the context of new blood vessel formation. Finally, we describe how the mechanisms involved in inflammation influence tumor angiogenesis. We underlay and discuss the role of NF-E2-related factor 2/heme oxygenase-1 pathway as crucial in the regulation of inflammation-induced angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Szade
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
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24
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Yang T, Xu H. Influence of IL-20 on lumbar disc degeneration:An experimental study. Pak J Med Sci 2015; 31:155-8. [PMID: 25878634 PMCID: PMC4386177 DOI: 10.12669/pjms.311.5720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2014] [Revised: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 11/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the influence of IL-20 on the development of lumbar degeneration. METHODS The study design was prospective and carried out in Tianjin Fourth center Hospital, Tianjin, China between Jan 2012 and Jan 2014. Sixty-nine patients with degenerative disc disease treated surgically were included in experimental group, and fifteen patients with normal discs were included in control group. The evaluation of disc degeneration was performed using T2-weighted sagittal MRI according to the Modified Pfirrmann Grading System. After surgery, the intervertebral disc in both groups was collected and the content of proteoglycan and IL-20 were measured, the correlation between the content of IL-20, proteoglycan and the degeneration grade of lumbar disc was analyzed. RESULTS Compared to control group, the content of proteoglycan in experimental group is significantly lower (P=0.000), but IL-20 is significantly higher (P=0.001). In addition, with the advance of intervertebral disc degeneration, the content of IL-20 increase, while proteoglycan decrease gradually. There is significant correlation between the content of proteoglycan (p=0.001), IL-20 (p=0.002) and the degeneration grade of lumbar disc. CONCLUSION In patients with degenerative disc disease, the content of IL-20 and proteoglycan has significant correlation with degeneration grade of lumbar disc, and IL-20 may promote the degeneration of lumbar disc by affecting the synthesis of proteoglycan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianjing Yang
- Tianjing Yang, Department of Pathology, Tianjin 4th Centre Hospital, Tianjin, 300140, China
| | - Huaqing Xu
- Huaqing Xu, Department of Surgery, Tianjin 4th Centre Hospital, Tianjin, 300140, China
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25
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Circulating serum levels of IL-20 in multiple myeloma patients: its significance in angiogenesis and disease activity. Med Oncol 2015; 32:42. [DOI: 10.1007/s12032-015-0488-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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26
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Richards J, Gabunia K, Kelemen SE, Kako F, Choi ET, Autieri MV. Interleukin-19 increases angiogenesis in ischemic hind limbs by direct effects on both endothelial cells and macrophage polarization. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2014; 79:21-31. [PMID: 25450612 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2014.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Revised: 10/24/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia in ischemic limbs typically initiates angiogenic and inflammatory factors to promote angiogenesis in attempt to restore perfusion. There is a gap in our knowledge concerning the role of anti-inflammatory interleukins in angiogenesis, macrophage polarization, and endothelial cell activation. Interleukin-19 is a unique anti-inflammatory Th2 cytokine that promotes angiogenic effects in cultured endothelial cells (EC); the purpose of this study was to characterize a role for IL-19 in restoration of blood flow in hind-limb ischemia, and define potential mechanisms. Hind limb ischemia was induced by femoral artery ligation, and perfusion quantitated using Laser Doppler Perfusion Imaging (LDPI). Wild type mice which received i.p. injections of rIL-19 (10ng/g/day) showed significantly increased levels of perfusion compared to PBS controls. LDPI values were significantly decreased in IL-19(-/-) mice when compared to wild type mice. IL-19(-/-) mice injected with rIL-19 had significantly increased LDPI compared with PBS control mice. Significantly increased capillary density was quantitated in rIL-19 treated mice, and significantly less capillary density in IL-19(-/-) mice. Multiple cell types participate in IL-19 induced angiogenesis. IL-19 treatment of human microvascular EC induced expression of angiogenic cytokines. M2 macrophage marker and VEGF-A expression were significantly increased in macrophage and the spleen from rIL-19 injected mice, and M1 marker expression was significantly increased in the spleen from IL-19(-/-) compared with controls. Plasma VEGF-A levels are higher in rIL-19 injected mice. IL-19 decreased the expression of anti-angiogenic IL-12 in the spleen and macrophage. This study is the first to implicate IL-19 as a novel pro-angiogenic interleukin and suggests therapeutic potential for this cytokine.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Richards
- Department of Physiology, Independence Blue Cross Cardiovascular Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Khatuna Gabunia
- Department of Physiology, Independence Blue Cross Cardiovascular Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Sheri E Kelemen
- Department of Physiology, Independence Blue Cross Cardiovascular Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Farah Kako
- Department of Physiology, Independence Blue Cross Cardiovascular Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Eric T Choi
- Department of Surgery, Independence Blue Cross Cardiovascular Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Michael V Autieri
- Department of Physiology, Independence Blue Cross Cardiovascular Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA.
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Sharir R, Semo J, Shaish A, Landa-Rouben N, Entin-Meer M, Keren G, George J. Regulatory T cells influence blood flow recovery in experimental hindlimb ischaemia in an IL-10-dependent manner. Cardiovasc Res 2014; 103:585-596. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvu159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
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Hsu YH, Chang MS. The Therapeutic Potential of Anti-Interleukin-20 Monoclonal Antibody. Cell Transplant 2014; 23:631-9. [DOI: 10.3727/096368914x678319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-20, a member of the IL-10 family of cytokines, was discovered in 2001. IL-20 acts on multiple cell types by activating on a heterodimer receptor complex of either IL-20R1–IL-20R2 or IL-22R1–IL-20R2. Recent evidence indicates that IL-20's interaction with its receptors might have proinflammatory effects on chronic inflammatory diseases, particularly rheumatoid arthritis (RA), osteoporosis, and breast cancer. Updated information about IL-20, such as its identification, expression, receptors, signaling, and biological activities, is illustrated in this review based on our research and the data available in the literature. IL-20 is a pleiotropic cytokine, which promotes inflammation, angiogenesis, and chemotaxis. IL-20 also regulates osteoclast differentiation by altering the receptor activator of NF-κB (RANK) and RANK ligand (RANKL) axis. Inflammation, angiogenesis, and osteoclastogenesis are critical for the pathogenesis of RA, osteoporosis, and breast cancer-induced osteolysis. Based on the in vitro and in vivo data and clinical samples, we demonstrated that IL-20 plays pivotal roles in these three diseases. In experimental models, anti-IL-20 monoclonal antibody ameliorates arthritis severity, protects against ovariectomized-induced bone loss, and inhibits breast tumor-induced osteolysis. This review presents the clinical implications of IL-20, which will lead to a better understanding of the biological functions of IL-20 in these diseases and provide new therapeutic options in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hsiang Hsu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Shi Chang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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Silvestre JS, Smadja DM, Lévy BI. Postischemic revascularization: from cellular and molecular mechanisms to clinical applications. Physiol Rev 2013; 93:1743-802. [PMID: 24137021 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00006.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
After the onset of ischemia, cardiac or skeletal muscle undergoes a continuum of molecular, cellular, and extracellular responses that determine the function and the remodeling of the ischemic tissue. Hypoxia-related pathways, immunoinflammatory balance, circulating or local vascular progenitor cells, as well as changes in hemodynamical forces within vascular wall trigger all the processes regulating vascular homeostasis, including vasculogenesis, angiogenesis, arteriogenesis, and collateral growth, which act in concert to establish a functional vascular network in ischemic zones. In patients with ischemic diseases, most of the cellular (mainly those involving bone marrow-derived cells and local stem/progenitor cells) and molecular mechanisms involved in the activation of vessel growth and vascular remodeling are markedly impaired by the deleterious microenvironment characterized by fibrosis, inflammation, hypoperfusion, and inhibition of endogenous angiogenic and regenerative programs. Furthermore, cardiovascular risk factors, including diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, diabetes, and aging, constitute a deleterious macroenvironment that participates to the abrogation of postischemic revascularization and tissue regeneration observed in these patient populations. Thus stimulation of vessel growth and/or remodeling has emerged as a new therapeutic option in patients with ischemic diseases. Many strategies of therapeutic revascularization, based on the administration of growth factors or stem/progenitor cells from diverse sources, have been proposed and are currently tested in patients with peripheral arterial disease or cardiac diseases. This review provides an overview from our current knowledge regarding molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in postischemic revascularization, as well as advances in the clinical application of such strategies of therapeutic revascularization.
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Yang P, Zhang Y, Xu J, Zhang S, Yu Q, Pang J, Rao X, Kuczma M, Marrero MB, Fulton D, Kraj P, Su Y, Wang CY. SUMO1 regulates endothelial function by modulating the overall signals in favor of angiogenesis and homeostatic responses. Am J Transl Res 2013; 5:427-440. [PMID: 23724166 PMCID: PMC3665916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2013] [Accepted: 04/25/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
As a versatile regulatory mechanism, sumoylation has been found to be essential for ordered diverse cellular processes. However, the exact impact of sumoylation on endothelial function largely remained elusive. Here we investigated the role of small ubiquitin-like modifier 1 (SUMO1) mediated sumoylation in the regulation of endothelial function by examining its effect on angiogenesis and homeostatic responses. Adenoviral-mediated SUMO1 expression in porcine aortic endothelial cells (PAECs) dose-dependently promoted proliferation, migration and tube formation. In line with these results in PAECs, Matrigel plug assays in SUMO1 transgenic mice demonstrated a significant higher capacity for vascular neogenesis as compared with that of control littermates. Moreover, SUMO1 expression protected PAECs from serum starvation or H2O2-induced apoptosis. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that SUMO1 sumoylation modulates ERK1/2 activation and MMP13 expression as well as Jak2/STAT5 signaling to promote angiogenesis. SUMO1 sumoylation also suppressed NFκB and c-JUN transcriptional activity to provide protection for PAECs against oxidative stress-induced apoptosis. Given that sumoylation is a reversible process, dynamic regulation of the sumoylation function could be a novel strategy to modulate endothelial function in disease states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Yang
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yushan Zhang
- The Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Georgia Regents University1120 15 Street, CA4098, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Junfa Xu
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Medical College1 Xincheng Road, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Shu Zhang
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Qilin Yu
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Junfeng Pang
- The Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Georgia Regents University1120 15 Street, CA4098, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Xiaoquan Rao
- The Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Georgia Regents University1120 15 Street, CA4098, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Michal Kuczma
- The Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Georgia Regents University1120 15 Street, CA4098, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Mario B Marrero
- Vascular Biology Center, Georgia Regents UniversityAugusta, GA, USA
| | - David Fulton
- Vascular Biology Center, Georgia Regents UniversityAugusta, GA, USA
| | - Piotr Kraj
- The Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Georgia Regents University1120 15 Street, CA4098, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Yunchao Su
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Georgia Regents UniversityAugusta, GA, USA
| | - Cong-Yi Wang
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan 430030, China
- The Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Georgia Regents University1120 15 Street, CA4098, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Medical College1 Xincheng Road, Dongguan, 523808, China
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Tilan JU, Everhart LM, Abe K, Kuo-Bonde L, Chalothorn D, Kitlinska J, Burnett MS, Epstein SE, Faber JE, Zukowska Z. Platelet neuropeptide Y is critical for ischemic revascularization in mice. FASEB J 2013; 27:2244-55. [PMID: 23457218 DOI: 10.1096/fj.12-213546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
We previously reported that the sympathetic neurotransmitter neuropeptide Y (NPY) is potently angiogenic, primarily through its Y2 receptor, and that endogenous NPY is crucial for capillary angiogenesis in rodent hindlimb ischemia. Here we sought to identify the source of NPY responsible for revascularization and its mechanisms of action. At d 3, NPY(-/-) mice demonstrated delayed recovery of blood flow and limb function, consistent with impaired collateral conductance, while ischemic capillary angiogenesis was reduced (~70%) at d 14. This biphasic temporal response was confirmed by 2 peaks of NPY activation in rats: a transient early increase in neuronally derived plasma NPY and increase in platelet NPY during late-phase recovery. Compared to NPY-null platelets, collagen-activated NPY-rich platelets were more mitogenic (~2-fold vs. ~1.6-fold increase) for human microvascular endothelial cells, and Y2/Y5 receptor antagonists ablated this difference in proliferation. In NPY(+/+) mice, ischemic angiogenesis was prevented by platelet depletion and then restored by transfusion of platelets from NPY(+/+) mice, but not NPY(-/-) mice. In thrombocytopenic NPY(-/-) mice, transfusion of wild-type platelets fully restored ischemia-induced angiogenesis. These findings suggest that neuronally derived NPY accelerates the early response to femoral artery ligation by promoting collateral conductance, while platelet-derived NPY is critical for sustained capillary angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason U Tilan
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA.
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32
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Glycyrrhizin protects rat heart against ischemia-reperfusion injury through blockade of HMGB1-dependent phospho-JNK/Bax pathway. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2012; 33:1477-87. [PMID: 23064724 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2012.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Glycyrrhizin (GL) has been found to inhibit extracellular HMGB1 cytokine's activity, and protect spinal cord, liver and brain against I/R-induced injury in experimental animals. The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective effect of GL in rat myocardial I/R-induced injury and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. METHODS Male adult Sprague-Dawley rats underwent a 30-min left coronary artery occlusion followed by a 24-h reperfusion. The rats were treated with glycyrrhizin or glycyrrhizin plus recombinant HMGB1 after 30 min of ischemia and before reperfusion. Serum HMGB1, TNF-α and IL-6 levels, and hemodynamic parameters were measured at the onset and different time points of reperfusion. At the end of the experiment, the heart was excised, and the infarct size and histological changes were examined. The levels of Bcl2, Bax and cytochrome c, as well as phospho-ERK1/2, phospho-JNK and phospho-P38 in the heart tissue were evaluated using Western blot analysis, and myocardial caspase-3 activity was measured colorimetrically using BD pharmingen caspase 3 assay kit. RESULTS Intravenous administration of GL (10 mg/kg) significantly reduced the infarct size, but did not change the hemodynamic parameters at different time points during reperfusion. GL significantly decreased the levels of serum HMGB1, TNF-α and IL-6. GL changed the distribution of Bax and cytochrome c expression between the mitochondrial and cytosolic fractions in the heart tissue, resulting in inhibition of myocardial apoptosis. Moreover, expression of phospho-JNK, but not ERK1/2 and P38 was decreased by GL in the heart tissue. All of the effects produced by GL treatment were reversed by co-administration with the recombinant HMGB1 (100 μg). Intravenous administration of SP600125, a selective phospho-JNK inhibitor (0.5 mg/kg), attenuated HMGB1-dependent Bax translocation and the subsequent apoptosis. CONCLUSION These results demonstrate that GL alleviates rat myocardial I/R-induced injury via directly inhibiting extracellular HMGB1 cytokine activity and blocking the phospho-JNK/Bax pathway.
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Structural basis for receptor sharing and activation by interleukin-20 receptor-2 (IL-20R2) binding cytokines. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2012; 109:12704-9. [PMID: 22802649 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1117551109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin 20 (IL-20) is a pleotropic IL-10 family cytokine that protects epithelial surfaces from pathogens. However, dysregulated IL-20 signaling is implicated in several human pathologies including psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, atherosclerosis, and osteoporosis. IL-20, and related cytokines IL-19 and IL-24, designated IL-20 subfamily cytokines (IL-20SFCs), induce cellular responses through an IL-20R1/IL-20R2 (type I) receptor heterodimer, whereas IL-20 and IL-24 also signal through the IL-22R1/IL-20R2 (type II) receptor complex. The crystal structure of the IL-20/IL-20R1/IL-20R2 complex reveals how type I and II complexes discriminate cognate from noncognate ligands. The structure also defines how the receptor-cytokine interfaces are affinity tuned to allow distinct signaling through a receptor complex shared by three different ligands. Our results provide unique insights into the complexity of IL-20SFC signaling that may be critical in the design of mechanistic-based inhibitors of IL-20SFC-mediated inflammatory disease.
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Rocic P. Why is coronary collateral growth impaired in type II diabetes and the metabolic syndrome? Vascul Pharmacol 2012; 57:179-86. [PMID: 22342811 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2012.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2011] [Revised: 01/30/2012] [Accepted: 02/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Type II diabetes and the metabolic syndrome are strong predictors of severity of occlusive coronary disease and poorer outcomes of coronary revascularization therapies. Coronary collateral growth can provide an alternative or accessory pathway of revascularization. However, collateral growth is impaired in type II diabetes and the metabolic syndrome. Although many factors necessary for collateral growth are known and many interventions have shown promising results in animal studies, not a single attempt to induce coronary collateral growth in human clinical trials has led to satisfactory results. Accordingly, the first part of this review outlines the known deleterious effects of diabetes and the metabolic syndrome on factors necessary for collateral growth, including pro-angiogenic growth factors, endothelial function, the redox state of the coronary circulation, intracellular signaling, leukocytes and bone marrow-derived progenitors cells. The second section highlights the gaps in our current knowledge of how these factors interact with the radically altered environment of the coronary circulation in diabetes and the metabolic syndrome. The interplay between these pathologies and inadequately explored areas related to the temporal regulation of collateral remodeling and the roles of the extracellular matrix, vascular cell phenotype and pro-inflammatory cytokines are emphasized with implications to development of efficient therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Rocic
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, AL 36688, United States.
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35
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Logsdon NJ, Allen CE, Rajashankar KR, Walter MR. Purification, crystallization and preliminary X-ray diffraction analysis of the IL-20-IL-20R1-IL-20R2 complex. Acta Crystallogr Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun 2012; 68:89-92. [PMID: 22232181 PMCID: PMC3253844 DOI: 10.1107/s1744309111049529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2011] [Accepted: 11/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin-20 (IL-20) is an IL-10-family cytokine that regulates innate and adaptive immunity in skin and other tissues. In addition to protecting the host from various external pathogens, dysregulated IL-20 signaling has been shown to contribute to the pathogenesis of human psoriasis. IL-20 signals through two cell-surface receptor heterodimers, IL-20R1-IL-20R2 and IL-22R1-IL-20R2. In this report, crystals of the IL-20-IL-20R1-IL-20R2 ternary complex have been grown from polyethylene glycol solutions. The crystals belonged to space group P4(1)2(1)2 or P4(3)2(1)2, with unit-cell parameters a = 111, c = 135 Å, and diffracted X-rays to 3 Å resolution. The crystallographic asymmetric unit contains one IL-20-IL-20R1-IL-20R2 complex, corresponding to a solvent content of approximately 54%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi J. Logsdon
- Center for Biophysical Sciences and Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Christopher E. Allen
- Center for Biophysical Sciences and Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | | | - Mark R. Walter
- Center for Biophysical Sciences and Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
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Hsu YH, Chen WY, Chan CH, Wu CH, Sun ZJ, Chang MS. Anti-IL-20 monoclonal antibody inhibits the differentiation of osteoclasts and protects against osteoporotic bone loss. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 208:1849-61. [PMID: 21844205 PMCID: PMC3171097 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20102234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
IL-20 promotes osteoclast differentiation by inducing RANK and RANKL expression in osteoclast precursors and osteoblasts, respectively. IL-20 is a proinflammatory cytokine of the IL-10 family that is involved in psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, atherosclerosis, and stroke. However, little is known about the role of IL-20 in bone destruction. We explored the function of IL-20 in osteoclastogenesis and the therapeutic potential of anti–IL-20 monoclonal antibody 7E for treating osteoporosis. Higher serum IL-20 levels were detected in patients with osteopenia and osteoporosis and in ovariectomized (OVX) mice. IL-20 mediates osteoclastogenesis by up-regulating the receptor activator of NF-κB (RANK) expression in osteoclast precursor cells and RANK ligand (RANKL) in osteoblasts. 7E treatment completely inhibited osteoclast differentiation induced by macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) and RANKL in vitro and protected mice from OVX-induced bone loss in vivo. Furthermore, IL-20R1–deficient mice had significantly higher bone mineral density (BMD) than did wild-type controls. IL-20R1 deficiency also abolished IL-20–induced osteoclastogenesis and increased BMD in OVX mice. We have identified a pivotal role of IL-20 in osteoclast differentiation, and we conclude that anti–IL-20 monoclonal antibody is a potential therapeutic for protecting against osteoporotic bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hsiang Hsu
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City 701, Taiwan
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Treatment of leg ischemia with biodegradable gelatin hydrogel microspheres incorporating granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2011; 57:416-23. [PMID: 21242812 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0b013e31820c9776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) is a potent angiogenic factor. We hypothesized that G-CSF-immersed gelatin hydrogel microspheres (G-CSF-GHMs) injected into the ischemic legs might continuously release a small amount of G-CSF to locally stimulate angiogenesis without unfavorable systemic effects. Just after ligation of the right femoral artery of BALB/c mice, recombinant human G-CSF (100-μg/kg)-immersed GHM was injected into the right hindlimb muscles; the controls included a saline-injected group, an intramuscularly injected G-CSF group, a subcutaneously injected G-CSG group, and an empty GHM-injected group. Eight weeks later, improvement of blood perfusion to the ischemic limb was significantly augmented in the G-CSF-GHM group compared with any of the control groups. Despite there being no increase in the serum concentration of G-CSF, in peripheral granulocytes, or in circulating endothelial progenitor cells, not only capillary but also arteriolar density was significantly increased in this group. Next, we started treatment with G-CSF-GHM 4 weeks after ligation to examine whether the treatment is effective if performed during the chronic stage of ischemia. The late treatment was also found to effectively improve blood flow in the ischemic leg. In conclusion, G-CSF-GHM administration is suggested to be a promising and readily usable approach to treating peripheral artery disease, applicable even during the chronic stage.
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Akdis M, Burgler S, Crameri R, Eiwegger T, Fujita H, Gomez E, Klunker S, Meyer N, O'Mahony L, Palomares O, Rhyner C, Ouaked N, Quaked N, Schaffartzik A, Van De Veen W, Zeller S, Zimmermann M, Akdis CA. Interleukins, from 1 to 37, and interferon-γ: receptors, functions, and roles in diseases. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2011; 127:701-21.e1-70. [PMID: 21377040 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2010.11.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 518] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2010] [Revised: 11/11/2010] [Accepted: 11/12/2010] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Advancing our understanding of mechanisms of immune regulation in allergy, asthma, autoimmune diseases, tumor development, organ transplantation, and chronic infections could lead to effective and targeted therapies. Subsets of immune and inflammatory cells interact via ILs and IFNs; reciprocal regulation and counter balance among T(h) and regulatory T cells, as well as subsets of B cells, offer opportunities for immune interventions. Here, we review current knowledge about ILs 1 to 37 and IFN-γ. Our understanding of the effects of ILs has greatly increased since the discoveries of monocyte IL (called IL-1) and lymphocyte IL (called IL-2); more than 40 cytokines are now designated as ILs. Studies of transgenic or knockout mice with altered expression of these cytokines or their receptors and analyses of mutations and polymorphisms in human genes that encode these products have provided important information about IL and IFN functions. We discuss their signaling pathways, cellular sources, targets, roles in immune regulation and cellular networks, roles in allergy and asthma, and roles in defense against infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mübeccel Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research, University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland.
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Jin Y, Wu J, Song X, Song Q, Cully BL, Messmer-Blust A, Xu M, Foo SY, Rosenzweig A, Li J. RTEF-1, an upstream gene of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α, accelerates recovery from ischemia. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:22699-705. [PMID: 21540178 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.237024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The amount of available hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α has been considered to be largely a consequence of post-translational modification by multiple ubiquitin-proteasome pathways. However, the role of transcriptional regulation of HIF-1α is less certain, and the mechanisms of transcriptional regulation of HIF-1α require further investigation. Here we report that related transcriptional enhancer factor-1 (RTEF-1), a member of the TEF transcriptional factor family, transcriptionally regulates the HIF-1α gene under normoxic and hypoxic conditions. The expression of HIF-1α mRNA was decreased in endothelial cells in which RTEF-1 was knocked down with siRNA. Sequential deletional analysis of the HIF-1α promoter revealed that the MCAT-like element in the HIF-1α promoter was essential for HIF-1α transcription. Binding of RTEF-1 to the MCAT-like element was confirmed by ChIP. Treatment of endothelial cells with a HIF-1 inhibitor resulted in retardation of RTEF-1-induced proliferation and tube formation. Moreover, increased HIF-1α expression was observed in transgenic mice expressing RTEF-1 under the VE-cadherin promoter (VE-Cad/RTEF-1). VE-Cad/RTEF-1 mice subjected to hindlimb ischemia demonstrated increased levels of HIF-1α, accelerated recovery of blood flow, and increased capillary density compared with littermate controls. These results identify RTEF-1 as a regulator of HIF-1α transcription, which results in up-regulation of HIF-1α and acceleration of recovery from ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Jin
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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Hsu YH, Chang MS. Interleukin-20 antibody is a potential therapeutic agent for experimental arthritis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 62:3311-21. [PMID: 20722035 DOI: 10.1002/art.27689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Interleukin-20 (IL-20) is a proinflammatory cytokine involved in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We investigated whether anti-IL-20 antibody treatment would modulate the severity of the disease in a collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) rat model. METHODS We generated a CIA model by immunizing rats with bovine type II collagen. Rats with CIA were treated subcutaneously with anti-IL-20 antibody 7E, with the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) blocker etanercept, or with 7E in combination with etanercept. Arthritis severity was determined according to the hind paw thickness, arthritis severity score, degree of cartilage damage, bone mineral density, and cytokine production, which were evaluated using radiologic scans, microfocal computed tomography, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. To analyze gene regulation by IL-20, rat synovial fibroblasts (SFs) were isolated and analyzed for the expression of RANKL, IL-17, and TNFα. We also used real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis and flow cytometry to determine IL-20-regulated RANKL in mouse osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells and Th17 cells. RESULTS In vivo, treatment with 7E alone or in combination with etanercept significantly reduced the severity of arthritis by decreasing the hind paw thickness and swelling, preventing cartilage damage and bone loss, and reducing the expression of IL-20, IL-1β, IL-6, RANKL, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in synovial tissue. In vitro, IL-20 induced TNFα expression in SFs from rats with CIA. IL-20 markedly induced RANKL production in SFs, osteoblasts, and Th17 cells. CONCLUSION Selectively blocking IL-20 inhibited inflammation and bone loss in rats with CIA. Treatment with 7E combined with etanercept protected rats from CIA better than treatment with etanercept alone. Our findings provide evidence that IL-20 is a novel target and that 7E may be a potential therapeutic agent for RA.
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Leng RX, Pan HF, Tao JH, Ye DQ. IL-19, IL-20 and IL-24: potential therapeutic targets for autoimmune diseases. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2010; 15:119-26. [DOI: 10.1517/14728222.2011.534461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Jain S, Gabunia K, Kelemen SE, Panetti TS, Autieri MV. The anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin 19 is expressed by and angiogenic for human endothelial cells. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2010; 31:167-75. [PMID: 20966397 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.110.214916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To characterize the expression and function of interleukin (IL) 19, a recently described T-helper 2 anti-inflammatory IL, on endothelial cell (EC) pathophysiological features. METHODS AND RESULTS The expression and effects of anti-inflammatory ILs on EC activation and development of angiogenesis are uncharacterized. We demonstrate by immunohistochemistry and immunoblot that IL-19 is expressed in inflamed, but not normal, human coronary endothelium and can be induced in cultured human ECs by serum and basic fibroblast growth factor. IL-19 is mitogenic and chemotactic, and it promotes EC spreading. IL-19 activates the signaling proteins STAT3, p44/42, and Rac1. In functional ex vivo studies, IL-19 promotes cordlike structure formation of cultured ECs and enhances microvessel sprouting in the mouse aortic ring assay. IL-19 induces tube formation in gelatinous protein (Matrigel) plugs in vivo. CONCLUSIONS To our knowledge, these data are the first to report expression of the anti-inflammatory agent, IL-19, in ECs; and the first to indicate that IL-19 is mitogenic and chemotactic for ECs and can induce the angiogenic potential of ECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surbhi Jain
- Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
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Abstract
IL-20 was discovered 10 years ago as a new member of the IL-10 family of cytokines. IL-20 shares the highest amino-acid sequence identity with IL-10, IL-24 and IL-19. IL-20 is secreted by immune cells and activated epithelial cells like keratinocytes. A high expression of the corresponding IL-20 receptor chains is detected on epithelial cells. In terms of function, IL-20 might therefore mediate a crosstalk between epithelial cells and tissue-infiltrating immune cells under inflammatory conditions. Transgenic and knockout mouse models for some cytokines and receptors of the IL-10-type cytokines have provided new insights into the biology of this family. This review will focus on the biological functions of IL-20 and its receptors within the IL-10 cytokine network.
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Abstract
In 2001, six immune mediators (IL-10, IL-19, IL-20, IL-22, IL-24, and IL-26) were grouped into the so-called IL-10 family of cytokines based on their similarities with respect to the structure and location of their encoding genes, their primary and secondary protein structures, and the receptor complexes used. Surprisingly, despite all these similarities, IL-10 family members possess different biological functions. The currently known facts regarding the biological effects of these six immune mediators give the impression that at least IL-10, IL-20, and IL-22 play an important role in the pathogenesis of some chronic inflammatory diseases. This review provides an overview of the most important and common aspects of the IL-10 family members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Sabat
- Interdisciplinary group of Molecular Immunopathology, Dermatology/Medical Immunology, University Hospital Charité, Berlin, Germany.
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Wang MJ, Cai WJ, Li N, Ding YJ, Chen Y, Zhu YC. The hydrogen sulfide donor NaHS promotes angiogenesis in a rat model of hind limb ischemia. Antioxid Redox Signal 2010; 12:1065-77. [PMID: 19842913 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2009.2945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
It is not known whether H(2)S can promote angiogenesis with improvement of regional blood flow in ischemic organs. Sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS, a H(2)S donor) was administered once a day for 4 w following femoral artery ligation. Collateral vessel growth, capillary density, regional tissue blood flow, the expression of endothelial growth factor (VEGF), VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2) and Akt were examined during or at the end of the treatment period. NaHS treatment significantly increased collateral vessel growth, capillary density, and regional tissue blood flow in ischemic hind limb muscles compared with the controls. These effects were associated with an increase in VEGF expression in the skeletal muscles and VEGFR2 phosphorylation in the neighboring vascular endothelial cells, suggesting a role of VEGF in mediating the NaHS effects in a cell-cell interaction pattern. Moreover, NaHS treatment also resulted in an increase in Akt phosphorylation in ischemic hind limb muscles. In conclusion, our observations with NaHS strongly suggest that H(2)S is a proangiogenic factor in chronic ischemia. The proangiogenic effect of NaHS may be mediated by interaction between the upregulated VEGF in the skeletal muscle cells and the VEGFR2 as well as its downstream signaling element Akt in the vascular endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Jie Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, 138 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Shanghai, China
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Maiorino MI, Schisano B, Di Palo C, Vietri MT, Cioffi M, Giugliano G, Giugliano D, Esposito K. Interleukin-20 circulating levels in obese women: effect of weight loss. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2010; 20:180-185. [PMID: 19481430 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2009.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2009] [Revised: 03/03/2009] [Accepted: 03/06/2009] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Obesity is associated with an increased risk of developing atherosclerosis. Interleukin-20 (IL-20) is a pleiotropic cytokine thought to be involved in the onset and progression of atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to determine whether circulating levels of IL-20 are elevated in obese women and whether they could be affected by a substantial decrease in body weight. METHODS AND RESULTS Fifty obese and 50 age-matched, normal weight, premenopausal women participated in the study. Obese women entered into a medically supervised weight loss program aimed at reducing body weight to 90% of baseline. We measured anthropometric, glucose and lipid parameters, and IL-20, C-Reactive Protein (CRP) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) circulating levels. Circulating IL-20 and CRP levels were significantly higher in obese than control women (P=0.01), while IL-10 levels were significantly lower; IL-20 levels were positively associated with body weight (r=0.35; P=0.02) and visceral fat (waist-hip ratio; r=0.32; P=0.025). Caloric restriction-induced weight loss (>10% of original weight) over 6 months reduced IL-20 levels from 152 (112/184) to 134 (125/153)pg/ml (median and 25%/75%; P=0.03), and it was positively associated with changes in body mass index and waist-hip ratio. CONCLUSION In premenopausal obese women, IL-20 levels are higher than matched normal weight control women, are associated with body weight and waist-hip ratio, and are reduced by weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- M I Maiorino
- Department of Geriatrics and Metabolic Diseases, Division of Metabolic Diseases, Second University of Naples, Piazza L. Miraglia, 80138 Naples, Italy
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Zhang L, Liu Y, Zhang PF, Zhao YX, Ji XP, Lu XT, Chen WQ, Liu CX, Zhang C, Zhang Y. Peak radial and circumferential strain measured by velocity vector imaging is a novel index for detecting vulnerable plaques in a rabbit model of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis 2010; 211:146-52. [PMID: 20149373 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2010.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2009] [Revised: 12/17/2009] [Accepted: 01/19/2010] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate the reliability of velocity vector imaging (VVI) for detecting vulnerable plaques. METHODS AND RESULTS After aortic balloon injury, 60 rabbits were fed a 1% cholesterol diet for 10 weeks and normal chow for another 6 weeks. Adenovirus containing p53 or lac Z was then injected into the aortic plaques and rabbits were divided into p53-treated group (n=20), lac Z-treated group (n=20) and blank control group (n=20). Peak longitudinal (LSp), radial (RSp) and circumferential (CSp) strain of plaques was measured using VVI at the end of week 18 before pharmacological triggering. Higher RSp and CSp and lower LSp were found in ruptured than those in non-ruptured plaques, and RSp, CSp and LSp correlated well with the fibrous cap thickness and plaque content of macrophages, smooth muscle cells and collagen (all p<0.01). A logistic regression model showed that both RSp (RR: 8.96, 95% CI: 5.3575-10.4857, p<0.001) and CSp (RR: 8.45, 95% CI: 5.9043-9.1043, p<0.001) were significant predictors of plaque rupture. RSp and CSp had a sensitivity of 88.0% and 88.6% and a specificity of 88.6% and 92.0% to predict plaque disruption, respectively. CONCLUSION VVI offers a new and noninvasive technique for measuring the peak strain of atherosclerotic plaques and RSp and CSp are a novel index with a high sensitivity and specificity for detecting plaques vulnerable to rupture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China
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Sustained release of erythropoietin using biodegradable gelatin hydrogel microspheres persistently improves lower leg ischemia. J Am Coll Cardiol 2009; 53:2378-88. [PMID: 19539150 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2009.02.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2008] [Revised: 02/18/2009] [Accepted: 02/24/2009] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We hypothesized that erythropoietin (EPO)-immersed gelatin hydrogel microspheres (GHM) injected into ischemic legs might continuously release a small amount of EPO to locally stimulate angiogenesis without unfavorable systemic effects. BACKGROUND EPO is a potent angiogenic factor, but its use for relieving ischemic organs is limited because of the untoward systemic erythrogenic effect and its short half-life in plasma. METHODS The right femoral arteries of BALB/c mice were ligated. Recombinant human EPO (5,000 IU/kg)-immersed GHM was injected into the right hind limb muscles (n = 12); the control groups included a saline-injected group (n = 12), an EPO-injected group (n = 8), and an empty GHM-injected group (n = 8). RESULTS Eight weeks later, improvement of blood perfusion to the ischemic limb was significantly augmented in the EPO-GHM group compared with any of the control groups. There was no increase in the hemoglobin level, nor was there any increase in endothelial progenitor cells. However, capillary and arteriolar densities were significantly increased in this group. Although the treatment did not affect the levels of vascular endothelial growth factor or interleukin-1 beta, it up-regulated the EPO receptor and matrix metalloproteinase-2 and activated the downstream signaling of Akt and also endothelial nitric oxide synthase in ischemic limbs, which might have been associated with the evident angiogenic and arteriogenic effects in the present system. CONCLUSIONS The present drug delivery system is suggested to have potential as a novel noninvasive therapy for ischemic peripheral artery disease.
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Chen WY, Chang MS. IL-20 is regulated by hypoxia-inducible factor and up-regulated after experimental ischemic stroke. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2009; 182:5003-12. [PMID: 19342680 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.0803653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
IL-20, an IL-10 family member, is involved in various inflammatory diseases, such as psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, and atherosclerosis. We investigated whether hypoxia in vitro and an in vivo model of ischemic stroke would up-regulate IL-20 expression. In vitro, IL-20 expression increased in hypoxic HaCaT, HEK293 cells, chondrocytes, monocytes, and glioblastoma cells. Inhibition of hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha inhibited CoCl(2)-induced IL-20 expression. We identified two putative hypoxia response elements in the human il20 gene promoter. Promoter activity assays showed that CoCl(2) mimicked hypoxia-activated luciferase reporter gene expression. In vivo, experimental ischemic stroke up-regulated IL-20 in the sera and brain tissue of rats. IL-20 stained positively in glia-like cells in peri-infarcted lesions, but not in contralateral tissue. Administration of IL-20 mAb ameliorated ischemia-induced brain infarction of rats after experimental ischemic stroke. In vitro, RT-PCR analysis showed that glioblastoma cells, GBM8901, expressed IL-20 and its receptor subunits IL-20R1, IL-20R2, and IL-22R1. IL-20 induced cell proliferation in GBM8901 cells by activating the JAK2/STAT3 and ERK1/2 pathways. IL-20 also induced production of IL-1beta, IL-8, and MCP-1 in GBM8901 cells. We conclude that IL-20 was responsive to hypoxia in vitro and in the ischemic stroke model and that up-regulation of IL-20 in the ischemic brain may contribute to brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Yu Chen
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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Hammer T, Tritsaris K, Hübschmann MV, Gibson J, Nisato RE, Pepper MS, Dissing S. IL-20 activates human lymphatic endothelial cells causing cell signalling and tube formation. Microvasc Res 2009; 78:25-32. [PMID: 19281830 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2009.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2008] [Revised: 02/16/2009] [Accepted: 02/17/2009] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
IL-20 is an arteriogenic cytokine that remodels collateral networks in vivo, and plays a role in cellular organization. Here, we investigate its role in lymphangiogenesis using a lymphatic endothelial cell line, hTERT-HDLEC, which expresses the lymphatic markers LYVE-1 and podoplanin. Upon stimulation of hTERT-HDLEC with IL-20, we found an increase in the intracellular free calcium concentration, in Akt and eNOS phosphorylations as well as in perinuclear NO production. We found that eNOS phosphorylation and NO synthesis are highly dependent on the PI3K/Akt signalling pathway. We also found an IL-20 induced phosphorylation of Erk1/2 and mTOR, and using the MEK inhibitor PD98059 and mTOR complex inhibitor rapamycin we demonstrated the importance of these signalling pathways in IL-20-mediated proliferation. IL-20 triggered actin polymerization and morphological changes resulting in elongated cell structures, and in matrigels, IL-20 caused tube formations of hTERT-HDLEC in a PI3K- and mTOR dependent way. In a sprouting assay we found that IL-20 caused cell migration within 24 h at a rate comparable to VEGF-C, and this migration could be inhibited by wortmannin and rapamycin. These data show that IL-20 activates cell signalling resulting in lymphangiogenic processes including migration, proliferation and tube formation. Thus, IL-20 is a cytokine that has the potential of activating or modulating the formation of lymphatic vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Troels Hammer
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Center for healthy Ageing, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
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