1
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Hogarty MD, Ziegler DS, Franson A, Chi YY, Tsao-Wei D, Liu K, Vemu R, Gerner EW, Bruckheimer E, Shamirian A, Hasenauer B, Balis FM, Groshen S, Norris MD, Haber M, Park JR, Matthay KK, Marachelian A. Phase 1 study of high-dose DFMO, celecoxib, cyclophosphamide and topotecan for patients with relapsed neuroblastoma: a New Approaches to Neuroblastoma Therapy trial. Br J Cancer 2024; 130:788-797. [PMID: 38200233 PMCID: PMC10912730 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-023-02525-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MYC genes regulate ornithine decarboxylase (Odc) to increase intratumoral polyamines. We conducted a Phase I trial [NCT02030964] to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of DFMO, an Odc inhibitor, with celecoxib, cyclophosphamide and topotecan. METHODS Patients 2-30 years of age with relapsed/refractory high-risk neuroblastoma received oral DFMO at doses up to 9000 mg/m2/day, with celecoxib (500 mg/m2 daily), cyclophosphamide (250 mg/m2/day) and topotecan (0.75 mg/m2/day) IV for 5 days, for up to one year with G-CSF support. RESULTS Twenty-four patients (median age, 6.8 years) received 136 courses. Slow platelet recovery with 21-day courses (dose-levels 1 and 2) led to subsequent dose-levels using 28-day courses (dose-levels 2a-4a). There were three course-1 dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs; hematologic; anorexia; transaminases), and 23 serious adverse events (78% fever-related). Five patients (21%) completed 1-year of therapy. Nine stopped for PD, 2 for DLT, 8 by choice. Best overall response included two PR and four MR. Median time-to-progression was 19.8 months, and 3 patients remained progression-free at >4 years without receiving additional therapy. The MTD of DFMO with this regimen was 6750 mg/m2/day. CONCLUSION High-dose DFMO is tolerable when added to chemotherapy in heavily pre-treated patients. A randomized Phase 2 trial of DFMO added to chemoimmunotherapy is ongoing [NCT03794349].
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael D Hogarty
- Division of Oncology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - David S Ziegler
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Randwick, NSW, Australia
- School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Andrea Franson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Yueh-Yun Chi
- Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Denice Tsao-Wei
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kangning Liu
- Division of Oncology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rohan Vemu
- Division of Oncology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | | | - Anasheh Shamirian
- Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Beth Hasenauer
- Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Frank M Balis
- Division of Oncology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Susan Groshen
- Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Murray D Norris
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Michelle Haber
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Julie R Park
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, University of Tennessee, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Katherine K Matthay
- UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital, UCSF School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Araz Marachelian
- Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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2
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Gupta M, Kannappan S, Jain M, Douglass D, Shah R, Bose P, Narendran A. Development and validation of a 21-gene prognostic signature in neuroblastoma. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12526. [PMID: 37532697 PMCID: PMC10397261 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37714-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Survival outcomes for patients with neuroblastoma vary markedly and reliable prognostic markers and risk stratification tools are lacking. We sought to identify and validate a transcriptomic signature capable of predicting risk of mortality in patients with neuroblastoma. The TARGET NBL dataset (n = 243) was used to develop the model and two independent cohorts, E-MTAB-179 (n = 478) and GSE85047 (n = 240) were used as validation sets. EFS was the primary outcome and OS was the secondary outcome of interest for all analysis. We identified a 21-gene signature capable of stratifying neuroblastoma patients into high and low risk groups in the E-MTAB-179 (HR 5.87 [3.83-9.01], p < 0.0001, 5 year AUC 0.827) and GSE85047 (HR 3.74 [2.36-5.92], p < 0.0001, 5 year AUC 0.815) validation cohorts. Moreover, the signature remained independent of known clinicopathological variables, and remained prognostic within clinically important subgroups. Further, the signature was effectively incorporated into a risk model with clinicopathological variables to improve prognostic performance across validation cohorts (Pooled Validation HR 6.93 [4.89-9.83], p < 0.0001, 5 year AUC 0.839). Similar prognostic utility was also demonstrated with OS. The identified signature is a robust independent predictor of EFS and OS outcomes in neuroblastoma patients and can be combined with clinically utilized clinicopathological variables to improve prognostic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehul Gupta
- Department of Pediatrics and Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Sunand Kannappan
- Department of Pediatrics and Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Mohit Jain
- Department of Pediatrics and Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - David Douglass
- Department of Pediatrics, Hematology/Oncology Section, Arkansas Children's Hospital, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72202, USA
| | - Ravi Shah
- Department of Pediatrics and Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Pinaki Bose
- Departments of Oncology and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada.
- Cumming School of Medicine, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada.
| | - Aru Narendran
- Department of Pediatrics and Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada.
- Departments of Oncology and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada.
- Cumming School of Medicine, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada.
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3
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Li J, Peng J, Wu L, Shen X, Zhen X, Zhang Y, Ma H, Xu Y, Xiong Q, Zhu Q, Zhang P. The deubiquitinase USP28 maintains the expression of the transcription factor MYCN and is essential in neuroblastoma cells. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:104856. [PMID: 37230388 PMCID: PMC10404617 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.104856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is one of the most common extracranial solid tumors in children. MYCN gene amplification is highly associated with poor prognosis in high-risk NB patients. In non-MYCN-amplified high-risk NB patients, the expression of c-MYC (MYCC) and its target genes is highly elevated. USP28 as a deubiquitinase is known to regulate the stability of MYCC. We show here USP28 also regulates the stability of MYCN. Genetic depletion or pharmacologic inhibition of the deubiquitinase strongly destabilizes MYCN and stops the growth of NB cells that overexpress MYCN. In addition, MYCC could be similarly destabilized in non-MYCN NB cells by compromising USP28 function. Our results strongly suggest USP28 as a therapeutic target for NB with or without MYCN amplification/overexpression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjun Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Department of Abdominal Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jin Peng
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lingzhi Wu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiang Shen
- Chaser Therapeutics Inc., Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xinghua Zhen
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yimao Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huailu Ma
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical School, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yongfeng Xu
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qunli Xiong
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qing Zhu
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Pumin Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical School, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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4
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Zage PE, Huo Y, Subramonian D, Le Clorennec C, Ghosh P, Sahoo D. Identification of a novel gene signature for neuroblastoma differentiation using a Boolean implication network. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2023; 62:313-331. [PMID: 36680522 PMCID: PMC10257350 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.23124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Although induction of differentiation represents an effective strategy for neuroblastoma treatment, the mechanisms underlying neuroblastoma differentiation are poorly understood. We generated a computational model of neuroblastoma differentiation consisting of interconnected gene clusters identified based on symmetric and asymmetric gene expression relationships. We identified a differentiation signature consisting of series of gene clusters comprised of 1251 independent genes that predicted neuroblastoma differentiation in independent datasets and in neuroblastoma cell lines treated with agents known to induce differentiation. This differentiation signature was associated with patient outcomes in multiple independent patient cohorts and validated the role of MYCN expression as a marker of neuroblastoma differentiation. Our results further identified novel genes associated with MYCN via asymmetric Boolean implication relationships that would not have been identified using symmetric computational approaches and that were associated with both neuroblastoma differentiation and patient outcomes. Our differentiation signature included a cluster of genes involved in intracellular signaling and growth factor receptor trafficking pathways that is strongly associated with neuroblastoma differentiation, and we validated the associations of UBE4B, a gene within this cluster, with neuroblastoma cell and tumor differentiation. Our findings demonstrate that Boolean network analyses of symmetric and asymmetric gene expression relationships can identify novel genes and pathways relevant for neuroblastoma tumor differentiation that could represent potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter E. Zage
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of California San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA
| | - Yuchen Huo
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of California San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA
| | - Divya Subramonian
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of California San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA
| | - Christophe Le Clorennec
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of California San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA
| | - Pradipta Ghosh
- Department of Medicine, UCSD, La Jolla, CA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, UCSD, La Jolla, CA
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center, La Jolla, CA
| | - Debashis Sahoo
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of California San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Jacobs School of Engineering, UCSD, La Jolla, CA
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5
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Julson JR, Quinn CH, Bownes LV, Hutchins SC, Stewart JE, Aye J, Yoon KJ, Beierle EA. Inhibition of PIM Kinases Promotes Neuroblastoma Cell Differentiation to a Neuronal Phenotype. J Pediatr Surg 2023; 58:1155-1163. [PMID: 36907773 PMCID: PMC10198809 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2023.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuroblastoma arises from aberrancies in neural stem cell differentiation. PIM kinases contribute to cancer formation, but their precise role in neuroblastoma tumorigenesis is poorly understood. In the current study, we evaluated the effects of PIM kinase inhibition on neuroblastoma differentiation. METHODS Versteeg database query assessed the correlation between PIM gene expression and the expression of neuronal stemness markers and relapse free survival. PIM kinases were inhibited with AZD1208. Viability, proliferation, motility were measured in established neuroblastoma cells lines and high-risk neuroblastoma patient-derived xenografts (PDXs). qPCR and flow cytometry detected changes in neuronal stemness marker expression after AZD1208 treatment. RESULTS Database query showed increased levels of PIM1, PIM2, or PIM3 gene expression were associated with higher risk of recurrent or progressive neuroblastoma. Increased levels of PIM1 were associated with lower relapse free survival rates. Higher levels of PIM1 correlated with lower levels of neuronal stemness markers OCT4, NANOG, and SOX2. Treatment with AZD1208 resulted in increased expression of neuronal stemness markers. CONCLUSIONS Inhibition of PIM kinases differentiated neuroblastoma cancer cells toward a neuronal phenotype. Differentiation is a key component of preventing neuroblastoma relapse or recurrence and PIM kinase inhibition provides a potential new therapeutic strategy for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet R Julson
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA
| | - Colin H Quinn
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA
| | - Laura V Bownes
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA
| | - Sara C Hutchins
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA
| | - Jerry E Stewart
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA
| | - Jamie Aye
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA
| | - Karina J Yoon
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Beierle
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA.
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6
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Decaesteker B, Louwagie A, Loontiens S, De Vloed F, Bekaert SL, Roels J, Vanhauwaert S, De Brouwer S, Sanders E, Berezovskaya A, Denecker G, D'haene E, Van Haver S, Van Loocke W, Van Dorpe J, Creytens D, Van Roy N, Pieters T, Van Neste C, Fischer M, Van Vlierberghe P, Roberts SS, Schulte J, Ek S, Versteeg R, Koster J, van Nes J, Zimmerman M, De Preter K, Speleman F. SOX11 regulates SWI/SNF complex components as member of the adrenergic neuroblastoma core regulatory circuitry. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1267. [PMID: 36882421 PMCID: PMC9992472 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36735-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The pediatric extra-cranial tumor neuroblastoma displays a low mutational burden while recurrent copy number alterations are present in most high-risk cases. Here, we identify SOX11 as a dependency transcription factor in adrenergic neuroblastoma based on recurrent chromosome 2p focal gains and amplifications, specific expression in the normal sympatho-adrenal lineage and adrenergic neuroblastoma, regulation by multiple adrenergic specific (super-)enhancers and strong dependency on high SOX11 expression in adrenergic neuroblastomas. SOX11 regulated direct targets include genes implicated in epigenetic control, cytoskeleton and neurodevelopment. Most notably, SOX11 controls chromatin regulatory complexes, including 10 SWI/SNF core components among which SMARCC1, SMARCA4/BRG1 and ARID1A. Additionally, the histone deacetylase HDAC2, PRC1 complex component CBX2, chromatin-modifying enzyme KDM1A/LSD1 and pioneer factor c-MYB are regulated by SOX11. Finally, SOX11 is identified as a core transcription factor of the core regulatory circuitry (CRC) in adrenergic high-risk neuroblastoma with a potential role as epigenetic master regulator upstream of the CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bieke Decaesteker
- Department of Biomolecular medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, 9000, Belgium. .,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, 9000, Belgium.
| | - Amber Louwagie
- Department of Biomolecular medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, 9000, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Siebe Loontiens
- Department of Biomolecular medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, 9000, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Fanny De Vloed
- Department of Biomolecular medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, 9000, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Sarah-Lee Bekaert
- Department of Biomolecular medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, 9000, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Juliette Roels
- Department of Biomolecular medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, 9000, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Suzanne Vanhauwaert
- Department of Biomolecular medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, 9000, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Sara De Brouwer
- Department of Biomolecular medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, 9000, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Ellen Sanders
- Department of Biomolecular medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, 9000, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Alla Berezovskaya
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Geertrui Denecker
- Department of Biomolecular medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, 9000, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Eva D'haene
- Department of Biomolecular medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, 9000, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Stéphane Van Haver
- Department of Biomolecular medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, 9000, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, 9000, Belgium.,Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Wouter Van Loocke
- Department of Biomolecular medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, 9000, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Jo Van Dorpe
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, 9000, Belgium.,Department of Pathology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - David Creytens
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, 9000, Belgium.,Department of Pathology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Nadine Van Roy
- Department of Biomolecular medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, 9000, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Tim Pieters
- Department of Biomolecular medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, 9000, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Christophe Van Neste
- Department of Biomolecular medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, 9000, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Matthias Fischer
- Department for Experimental Pediatric Oncology, and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Pieter Van Vlierberghe
- Department of Biomolecular medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, 9000, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Stephen S Roberts
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Johannes Schulte
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, 13353, Germany
| | - Sara Ek
- Department of Immunotechnology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Rogier Versteeg
- Department of Oncogenomics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, 1105, AZ, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Koster
- Department of Oncogenomics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, 1105, AZ, The Netherlands
| | - Johan van Nes
- Department of Oncogenomics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, 1105, AZ, The Netherlands
| | - Mark Zimmerman
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Katleen De Preter
- Department of Biomolecular medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, 9000, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Frank Speleman
- Department of Biomolecular medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, 9000, Belgium. .,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, 9000, Belgium.
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7
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Comitani F, Nash JO, Cohen-Gogo S, Chang AI, Wen TT, Maheshwari A, Goyal B, Tio ES, Tabatabaei K, Mayoh C, Zhao R, Ho B, Brunga L, Lawrence JEG, Balogh P, Flanagan AM, Teichmann S, Huang A, Ramaswamy V, Hitzler J, Wasserman JD, Gladdy RA, Dickson BC, Tabori U, Cowley MJ, Behjati S, Malkin D, Villani A, Irwin MS, Shlien A. Diagnostic classification of childhood cancer using multiscale transcriptomics. Nat Med 2023; 29:656-666. [PMID: 36932241 PMCID: PMC10033451 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-023-02221-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
The causes of pediatric cancers' distinctiveness compared to adult-onset tumors of the same type are not completely clear and not fully explained by their genomes. In this study, we used an optimized multilevel RNA clustering approach to derive molecular definitions for most childhood cancers. Applying this method to 13,313 transcriptomes, we constructed a pediatric cancer atlas to explore age-associated changes. Tumor entities were sometimes unexpectedly grouped due to common lineages, drivers or stemness profiles. Some established entities were divided into subgroups that predicted outcome better than current diagnostic approaches. These definitions account for inter-tumoral and intra-tumoral heterogeneity and have the potential of enabling reproducible, quantifiable diagnostics. As a whole, childhood tumors had more transcriptional diversity than adult tumors, maintaining greater expression flexibility. To apply these insights, we designed an ensemble convolutional neural network classifier. We show that this tool was able to match or clarify the diagnosis for 85% of childhood tumors in a prospective cohort. If further validated, this framework could be extended to derive molecular definitions for all cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Comitani
- Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Joshua O Nash
- Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Laboratory of Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sarah Cohen-Gogo
- Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Astra I Chang
- Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Timmy T Wen
- Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Anant Maheshwari
- Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Bipasha Goyal
- Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Earvin S Tio
- Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Kevin Tabatabaei
- Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Chelsea Mayoh
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Regis Zhao
- Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ben Ho
- Laboratory of Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ledia Brunga
- Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Petra Balogh
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Brockley Hill, Stanmore, UK
| | - Adrienne M Flanagan
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Brockley Hill, Stanmore, UK
- Research Department of Pathology, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | | | - Annie Huang
- Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Vijay Ramaswamy
- Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Johann Hitzler
- Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jonathan D Wasserman
- Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Rebecca A Gladdy
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre/Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Brendan C Dickson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Uri Tabori
- Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mark J Cowley
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Sam Behjati
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
- Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - David Malkin
- Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Anita Villani
- Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Meredith S Irwin
- Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Adam Shlien
- Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Laboratory of Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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8
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Julson JR, Beierle EA. Embryology and surgical anatomy of pediatric solid tumors. Semin Pediatr Surg 2022; 31:151233. [PMID: 36423516 PMCID: PMC10084944 DOI: 10.1016/j.sempedsurg.2022.151233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J R Julson
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - E A Beierle
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA.
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9
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PFKFB4 interacts with FBXO28 to promote HIF-1α signaling in glioblastoma. Oncogenesis 2022; 11:57. [PMID: 36115843 PMCID: PMC9482633 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-022-00433-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is a highly aggressive brain tumor for which there is no cure. The metabolic enzyme 6-Phosphofructo-2-Kinase/Fructose-2,6-Biphosphatase 4 (PFKFB4) is essential for glioblastoma stem-like cell (GSC) survival but its mode of action is unclear. Understanding the role of PFKFB4 in tumor cell survival could allow it to be leveraged in a cancer therapy. Here, we show the importance of PFKFB4 for glioblastoma growth in vivo in an orthotopic patient derived mouse model. In an evaluation of patient tumor samples of different cancer entities, PFKFB4 protein was found to be overexpressed in prostate, lung, colon, mammary and squamous cell carcinoma, with expression level correlating with tumor grade. Gene expression profiling in PFKFB4-silenced GSCs revealed a downregulation of hypoxia related genes and Western blot analysis confirmed a dramatic reduction of HIF (hypoxia inducible factor) protein levels. Through mass spectrometric analysis of immunoprecipitated PFKFB4, we identified the ubiquitin E3 ligase, F-box only protein 28 (FBXO28), as a new interaction partner of PFKFB4. We show that PFKFB4 regulates the ubiquitylation and subsequent proteasomal degradation of HIF-1α, which is mediated by the ubiquitin ligase activity of FBXO28. This newly discovered function of PFKFB4, coupled with its cancer specificity, provides a new strategy for inhibiting HIF-1α in cancer cells. ![]()
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10
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Urban-Wójciuk Z, Graham A, Barker K, Kwok C, Sbirkov Y, Howell L, Campbell J, Woster PM, Poon E, Petrie K, Chesler L. The biguanide polyamine analog verlindamycin promotes differentiation in neuroblastoma via induction of antizyme. Cancer Gene Ther 2022; 29:940-950. [PMID: 34522028 PMCID: PMC9293756 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-021-00386-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Deregulated polyamine biosynthesis is emerging as a common feature of neuroblastoma and drugs targeting this metabolic pathway such as DFMO are in clinical and preclinical development. The polyamine analog verlindamycin inhibits the polyamine biosynthesis pathway enzymes SMOX and PAOX, as well as the histone demethylase LSD1. Based on our previous research in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), we reasoned verlindamycin may also unblock neuroblastoma differentiation when combined with all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA). Indeed, co-treatment with verlindamycin and ATRA strongly induced differentiation regardless of MYCN status, but in MYCN-expressing cells, protein levels were strongly diminished. This process was not transcriptionally regulated but was due to increased degradation of MYCN protein, at least in part via ubiquitin-independent, proteasome-dependent destruction. Here we report that verlindamycin effectively induces the expression of functional tumor suppressor-antizyme via ribosomal frameshifting. Consistent with previous results describing the function of antizyme, we found that verlindamycin treatment led to the selective targeting of ornithine decarboxylase (the rate-limiting enzyme for polyamine biosynthesis) as well as key oncoproteins, such as cyclin D and Aurora A kinase. Retinoid-based multimodal differentiation therapy is one of the few interventions that extends relapse-free survival in MYCN-associated high-risk neuroblastoma and these results point toward the potential use of verlindamycin in this regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzanna Urban-Wójciuk
- Division of Clinical Studies, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK.
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK.
| | - Amy Graham
- School of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
| | - Karen Barker
- Division of Clinical Studies, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Colin Kwok
- Division of Clinical Studies, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Yordan Sbirkov
- Division of Clinical Studies, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Louise Howell
- Cell Imaging Facility, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - James Campbell
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Patrick M Woster
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Evon Poon
- Division of Clinical Studies, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK.
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK.
| | - Kevin Petrie
- Division of Clinical Studies, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- School of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences and Wellbeing, University of Sunderland, Sunderland, UK
| | - Louis Chesler
- Division of Clinical Studies, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
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11
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Dev A, Sardoiwala MN, Sharma A, MohanBhai SJ, Karmakar S, Choudhury SR. Nanoacetylated N-(4-Hydroxyphenyl) Retinamide Modulates Histone Acetylation–Methylation Epigenetic Disparity to Restrict Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition in Neuroblastoma. ACS Med Chem Lett 2022; 13:1109-1117. [DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.2c00135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Atul Dev
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Mohali, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Mohammed Nadim Sardoiwala
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Mohali, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Angela Sharma
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Mohali, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Soni Jignesh MohanBhai
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Mohali, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Surajit Karmakar
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Mohali, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Subhasree Roy Choudhury
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Mohali, Punjab 140306, India
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12
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Somasundaram DB, Aravindan S, Gupta N, Yu Z, Baker A, Aravindan N. ALK expression, prognostic significance, and its association with MYCN expression in MYCN non-amplified neuroblastoma. World J Pediatr 2022; 18:285-293. [PMID: 35132576 DOI: 10.1007/s12519-022-00517-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh Babu Somasundaram
- Department of Radiation Oncology, BMSB 311C, Radiation Biology Laboratory, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 940 Stanton L. Young Boulevard, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | | | | | - Zhongxin Yu
- Department of Pathology, BMSB 311C, Radiation Biology Laboratory, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 940 Stanton L. Young Boulevard, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Ashley Baker
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Natarajan Aravindan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, BMSB 311C, Radiation Biology Laboratory, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 940 Stanton L. Young Boulevard, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA.
- Stephenson Cancer Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
- Department of Pathology, BMSB 311C, Radiation Biology Laboratory, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 940 Stanton L. Young Boulevard, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA.
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13
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The MYC oncogene - the grand orchestrator of cancer growth and immune evasion. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2022; 19:23-36. [PMID: 34508258 PMCID: PMC9083341 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-021-00549-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 291] [Impact Index Per Article: 145.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The MYC proto-oncogenes encode a family of transcription factors that are among the most commonly activated oncoproteins in human neoplasias. Indeed, MYC aberrations or upregulation of MYC-related pathways by alternate mechanisms occur in the vast majority of cancers. MYC proteins are master regulators of cellular programmes. Thus, cancers with MYC activation elicit many of the hallmarks of cancer required for autonomous neoplastic growth. In preclinical models, MYC inactivation can result in sustained tumour regression, a phenomenon that has been attributed to oncogene addiction. Many therapeutic agents that directly target MYC are under development; however, to date, their clinical efficacy remains to be demonstrated. In the past few years, studies have demonstrated that MYC signalling can enable tumour cells to dysregulate their microenvironment and evade the host immune response. Herein, we discuss how MYC pathways not only dictate cancer cell pathophysiology but also suppress the host immune response against that cancer. We also propose that therapies targeting the MYC pathway will be key to reversing cancerous growth and restoring antitumour immune responses in patients with MYC-driven cancers.
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14
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De Wyn J, Zimmerman MW, Weichert-Leahey N, Nunes C, Cheung BB, Abraham BJ, Beckers A, Volders PJ, Decaesteker B, Carter DR, Look AT, De Preter K, Van Loocke W, Marshall GM, Durbin AD, Speleman F, Durinck K. MEIS2 Is an Adrenergic Core Regulatory Transcription Factor Involved in Early Initiation of TH-MYCN-Driven Neuroblastoma Formation. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13194783. [PMID: 34638267 PMCID: PMC8508013 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13194783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Neuroblastoma is a pediatric tumor originating from the sympathetic nervous system responsible for 10–15% of all childhood cancer deaths. Half of all neuroblastoma patients present with high-risk disease, of which nearly 50% relapse and die of their disease. In addition, standard therapies cause serious lifelong side effects and increased risk for secondary tumors. Further research is crucial to better understand the molecular basis of neuroblastomas and to identify novel druggable targets. Neuroblastoma tumorigenesis has to this end been modeled in both mice and zebrafish. Here, we present a detailed dissection of the gene expression patterns that underlie tumor formation in the murine TH-MYCN-driven neuroblastoma model. We identified key factors that are putatively important for neuroblastoma tumor initiation versus tumor progression, pinpointed crucial regulators of the observed expression patterns during neuroblastoma development and scrutinized which factors could be innovative and vulnerable nodes for therapeutic intervention. Abstract Roughly half of all high-risk neuroblastoma patients present with MYCN amplification. The molecular consequences of MYCN overexpression in this aggressive pediatric tumor have been studied for decades, but thus far, our understanding of the early initiating steps of MYCN-driven tumor formation is still enigmatic. We performed a detailed transcriptome landscaping during murine TH-MYCN-driven neuroblastoma tumor formation at different time points. The neuroblastoma dependency factor MEIS2, together with ASCL1, was identified as a candidate tumor-initiating factor and shown to be a novel core regulatory circuit member in adrenergic neuroblastomas. Of further interest, we found a KEOPS complex member (gm6890), implicated in homologous double-strand break repair and telomere maintenance, to be strongly upregulated during tumor formation, as well as the checkpoint adaptor Claspin (CLSPN) and three chromosome 17q loci CBX2, GJC1 and LIMD2. Finally, cross-species master regulator analysis identified FOXM1, together with additional hubs controlling transcriptome profiles of MYCN-driven neuroblastoma. In conclusion, time-resolved transcriptome analysis of early hyperplastic lesions and full-blown MYCN-driven neuroblastomas yielded novel components implicated in both tumor initiation and maintenance, providing putative novel drug targets for MYCN-driven neuroblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolien De Wyn
- Department for Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Medical Research Building (MRB1), Corneel Heymanslaan 10, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; (J.D.W.); (C.N.); (A.B.); (P.-J.V.); (B.D.); (K.D.P.); (W.V.L.); (F.S.)
| | - Mark W. Zimmerman
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; (M.W.Z.); (N.W.-L.); (A.T.L.)
| | - Nina Weichert-Leahey
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; (M.W.Z.); (N.W.-L.); (A.T.L.)
| | - Carolina Nunes
- Department for Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Medical Research Building (MRB1), Corneel Heymanslaan 10, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; (J.D.W.); (C.N.); (A.B.); (P.-J.V.); (B.D.); (K.D.P.); (W.V.L.); (F.S.)
| | - Belamy B. Cheung
- Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Children’s Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, UNSW Sydney, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia; (B.B.C.); (D.R.C.); (G.M.M.)
- School of Women’s and Children’s Health, UNSW Sydney, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia
| | - Brian J. Abraham
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105-3678, USA;
| | - Anneleen Beckers
- Department for Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Medical Research Building (MRB1), Corneel Heymanslaan 10, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; (J.D.W.); (C.N.); (A.B.); (P.-J.V.); (B.D.); (K.D.P.); (W.V.L.); (F.S.)
| | - Pieter-Jan Volders
- Department for Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Medical Research Building (MRB1), Corneel Heymanslaan 10, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; (J.D.W.); (C.N.); (A.B.); (P.-J.V.); (B.D.); (K.D.P.); (W.V.L.); (F.S.)
| | - Bieke Decaesteker
- Department for Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Medical Research Building (MRB1), Corneel Heymanslaan 10, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; (J.D.W.); (C.N.); (A.B.); (P.-J.V.); (B.D.); (K.D.P.); (W.V.L.); (F.S.)
| | - Daniel R. Carter
- Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Children’s Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, UNSW Sydney, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia; (B.B.C.); (D.R.C.); (G.M.M.)
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Alfred Thomas Look
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; (M.W.Z.); (N.W.-L.); (A.T.L.)
| | - Katleen De Preter
- Department for Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Medical Research Building (MRB1), Corneel Heymanslaan 10, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; (J.D.W.); (C.N.); (A.B.); (P.-J.V.); (B.D.); (K.D.P.); (W.V.L.); (F.S.)
| | - Wouter Van Loocke
- Department for Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Medical Research Building (MRB1), Corneel Heymanslaan 10, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; (J.D.W.); (C.N.); (A.B.); (P.-J.V.); (B.D.); (K.D.P.); (W.V.L.); (F.S.)
| | - Glenn M. Marshall
- Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Children’s Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, UNSW Sydney, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia; (B.B.C.); (D.R.C.); (G.M.M.)
- Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children’s Hospital, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia
| | - Adam D. Durbin
- Department of Oncology, Division of Molecular Oncology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105-3678, USA;
| | - Frank Speleman
- Department for Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Medical Research Building (MRB1), Corneel Heymanslaan 10, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; (J.D.W.); (C.N.); (A.B.); (P.-J.V.); (B.D.); (K.D.P.); (W.V.L.); (F.S.)
| | - Kaat Durinck
- Department for Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Medical Research Building (MRB1), Corneel Heymanslaan 10, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; (J.D.W.); (C.N.); (A.B.); (P.-J.V.); (B.D.); (K.D.P.); (W.V.L.); (F.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +32-9-332-24-51
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15
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Zanotti S, Vanhauwaert S, Van Neste C, Olexiouk V, Van Laere J, Verschuuren M, Van der Meulen J, Mus LM, Durinck K, Tilleman L, Deforce D, Van Nieuwerburgh F, Hogarty MD, Decaesteker B, De Vos WH, Speleman F. MYCN-induced nucleolar stress drives an early senescence-like transcriptional program in hTERT-immortalized RPE cells. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14454. [PMID: 34262099 PMCID: PMC8280219 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93863-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
MYCN is an oncogenic driver in neural crest-derived neuroblastoma and medulloblastoma. To better understand the early effects of MYCN activation in a neural-crest lineage context, we profiled the transcriptome of immortalized human retina pigment epithelial cells with inducible MYCN activation. Gene signatures associated with elevated MYC/MYCN activity were induced after 24 h of MYCN activation, which attenuated but sustained at later time points. Unexpectedly, MYCN activation was accompanied by reduced cell growth. Gene set enrichment analysis revealed a senescence-like signature with strong induction of p53 and p21 but in the absence of canonical hallmarks of senescence such as β-galactosidase positivity, suggesting incomplete cell fate commitment. When scrutinizing the putative drivers of this growth attenuation, differential gene expression analysis identified several regulators of nucleolar stress. This process was also reflected by phenotypic correlates such as cytoplasmic granule accrual and nucleolar coalescence. Hence, we propose that the induction of MYCN congests the translational machinery, causing nucleolar stress and driving cells into a transient pre-senescent state. Our findings shed new light on the early events induced by MYCN activation and may help unravelling which factors are required for cells to tolerate unscheduled MYCN overexpression during early malignant transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Zanotti
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology, Dept. Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium
- Center for Medical Genetics, Dept. Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Medical Research Building (MRB), 2nd Floor, Entrance 34, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Suzanne Vanhauwaert
- Center for Medical Genetics, Dept. Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Medical Research Building (MRB), 2nd Floor, Entrance 34, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Christophe Van Neste
- Center for Medical Genetics, Dept. Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Medical Research Building (MRB), 2nd Floor, Entrance 34, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Volodimir Olexiouk
- Center for Medical Genetics, Dept. Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Medical Research Building (MRB), 2nd Floor, Entrance 34, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jolien Van Laere
- Center for Medical Genetics, Dept. Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Medical Research Building (MRB), 2nd Floor, Entrance 34, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Marlies Verschuuren
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology, Dept. Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Joni Van der Meulen
- Center for Medical Genetics, Dept. Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Medical Research Building (MRB), 2nd Floor, Entrance 34, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
- Molecular Diagnostic, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Liselot M Mus
- Center for Medical Genetics, Dept. Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Medical Research Building (MRB), 2nd Floor, Entrance 34, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
- Bioresource Center Ghent, Health, Innovation and Research Center, Ghent University, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kaat Durinck
- Center for Medical Genetics, Dept. Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Medical Research Building (MRB), 2nd Floor, Entrance 34, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Laurentijn Tilleman
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dieter Deforce
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Filip Van Nieuwerburgh
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Michael D Hogarty
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Bieke Decaesteker
- Center for Medical Genetics, Dept. Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Medical Research Building (MRB), 2nd Floor, Entrance 34, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Winnok H De Vos
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology, Dept. Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Frank Speleman
- Center for Medical Genetics, Dept. Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Medical Research Building (MRB), 2nd Floor, Entrance 34, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
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16
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Guo YF, Duan JJ, Wang J, Li L, Wang D, Liu XZ, Yang J, Zhang HR, Lv J, Yang YJ, Yang ZY, Cai J, Liao XM, Tang T, Huang TT, Wu F, Yang XY, Wen Q, Bian XW, Yu SC. Inhibition of the ALDH18A1-MYCN positive feedback loop attenuates MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma growth. Sci Transl Med 2021; 12:12/531/eaax8694. [PMID: 32075946 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aax8694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma (NB) is characterized by poor prognosis, and directly targeting MYCN has proven challenging. Here, we showed that aldehyde dehydrogenase family 18 member A1 (ALDH18A1) exerts profound impacts on the proliferation, self-renewal, and tumorigenicity of NB cells and is a potential risk factor in patients with NB, especially those with MYCN amplification. Mechanistic studies revealed that ALDH18A1 could both transcriptionally and posttranscriptionally regulate MYCN expression, with MYCN reciprocally transactivating ALDH18A1 and thus forming a positive feedback loop. Using molecular docking and screening, we identified an ALDH18A1-specific inhibitor, YG1702, and demonstrated that pharmacological inhibition of ALDH18A1 was sufficient to induce a less proliferative phenotype and confer tumor regression and prolonged survival in NB xenograft models, providing therapeutic insights into the disruption of this reciprocal regulatory loop in MYCN-amplified NB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Feng Guo
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China.,Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology of the Ministry of Education, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Jiang-Jie Duan
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China.,Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology of the Ministry of Education, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China.,Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology of the Ministry of Education, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China.,Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology of the Ministry of Education, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Di Wang
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China.,Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology of the Ministry of Education, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Xun-Zhou Liu
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China.,Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology of the Ministry of Education, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Hua-Rong Zhang
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology of the Ministry of Education, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Jing Lv
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China.,Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology of the Ministry of Education, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yong-Jun Yang
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China.,Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology of the Ministry of Education, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Ze-Yu Yang
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China.,Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology of the Ministry of Education, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Jiao Cai
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China.,Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology of the Ministry of Education, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Xue-Mei Liao
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China.,Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology of the Ministry of Education, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Tao Tang
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China.,Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology of the Ministry of Education, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Ting-Ting Huang
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China.,Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology of the Ministry of Education, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Feng Wu
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology of the Ministry of Education, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Xian-Yan Yang
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China.,Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology of the Ministry of Education, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Qian Wen
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China.,Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology of the Ministry of Education, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Xiu-Wu Bian
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China. .,Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology of the Ministry of Education, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Shi-Cang Yu
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China. .,Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology of the Ministry of Education, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
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17
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Lu Y, Yang Q, Su Y, Ji Y, Li G, Yang X, Xu L, Lu Z, Dong J, Wu Y, Bei JX, Pan C, Gu X, Li B. MYCN mediates TFRC-dependent ferroptosis and reveals vulnerabilities in neuroblastoma. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:511. [PMID: 34011924 PMCID: PMC8134466 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03790-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
MYCN amplification is tightly associated with the poor prognosis of pediatric neuroblastoma (NB). The regulation of NB cell death by MYCN represents an important aspect, as it directly contributes to tumor progression and therapeutic resistance. However, the relationship between MYCN and cell death remains elusive. Ferroptosis is a newly identified cell death mode featured by lipid peroxide accumulation that can be attenuated by GPX4, yet whether and how MYCN regulates ferroptosis are not fully understood. Here, we report that MYCN-amplified NB cells are sensitive to GPX4-targeting ferroptosis inducers. Mechanically, MYCN expression reprograms the cellular iron metabolism by upregulating the expression of TFRC, which encodes transferrin receptor 1 as a key iron transporter on the cell membrane. Further, the increased iron uptake promotes the accumulation of labile iron pool, leading to enhanced lipid peroxide production. Consistently, TFRC overexpression in NB cells also induces selective sensitivity to GPX4 inhibition and ferroptosis. Moreover, we found that MYCN fails to alter the general lipid metabolism and the amount of cystine imported by System Xc(-) for glutathione synthesis, both of which contribute to ferroptosis in alternative contexts. In conclusion, NB cells harboring MYCN amplification are prone to undergo ferroptosis conferred by TFRC upregulation, suggesting that GPX4-targeting ferroptosis inducers or TFRC agonists can be potential strategies in treating MYCN-amplified NB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiong Lu
- Clinical Biological Resource Bank, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yubin Su
- Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yin Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Innovative Drug Development, Simcere Diagnostics Co., Ltd., Nanjing, China
| | - Guobang Li
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xianzhi Yang
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liyan Xu
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhaoliang Lu
- Clinical Biological Resource Bank, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiajun Dong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Affiliated Jiangmen Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Jiangmen, China
| | - Yi Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Affiliated Jiangmen Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Jiangmen, China
| | - Jin-Xin Bei
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- Center for Precision Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chaoyun Pan
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- RNA Biomedical Institute, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqiong Gu
- Clinical Biological Resource Bank, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Center for Precision Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- RNA Biomedical Institute, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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18
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Proteomic investigation of Cbl and Cbl-b in neuroblastoma cell differentiation highlights roles for SHP-2 and CDK16. iScience 2021; 24:102321. [PMID: 33889818 PMCID: PMC8050387 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is a highly heterogeneous embryonal solid tumor of the sympathetic nervous system. As some tumors can be treated to undergo differentiation, investigating this process can guide differentiation-based therapies of neuroblastoma. Here, we studied the role of E3 ubiquitin ligases Cbl and Cbl-b in regulation of long-term signaling responses associated with extracellular signal-regulated kinase phosphorylation and neurite outgrowth, a morphological marker of neuroblastoma cell differentiation. Using quantitative mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics, we analyzed how the neuroblastoma cell line proteome, phosphoproteome, and ubiquitylome were affected by Cbl and Cbl-b depletion. To quantitatively assess neurite outgrowth, we developed a high-throughput microscopy assay that was applied in combination with inhibitor studies to pinpoint signaling underlying neurite outgrowth and to functionally validate proteins identified in the MS data sets. Using this combined approach, we identified a role for SHP-2 and CDK16 in Cbl/Cbl-b-dependent regulation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase phosphorylation and neurite outgrowth, highlighting their involvement in neuroblastoma cell differentiation. Multi-layered proteomics captures cellular changes induced by Cbl/Cbl-b depletion SHP-2 and CDK16 protein and phosphorylation levels increase upon Cbl/Cbl-b depletion SHP-2 and CDK16 regulate phospho-ERK and neurite outgrowth in neuroblastoma cells Inhibition of SHP-2 or CDK16 reverts Cbl/Cbl-b knockdown effects on differentiation
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19
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Otte J, Dyberg C, Pepich A, Johnsen JI. MYCN Function in Neuroblastoma Development. Front Oncol 2021; 10:624079. [PMID: 33585251 PMCID: PMC7873735 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.624079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulated expression of the transcription factor MYCN is frequently detected in nervous system tumors such as childhood neuroblastoma. Here, gene amplification of MYCN is a single oncogenic driver inducing neoplastic transformation in neural crest-derived cells. This abnormal MYCN expression is one of the strongest predictors of poor prognosis. It is present at diagnosis and is never acquired during later tumorigenesis of MYCN non-amplified neuroblastoma. This suggests that increased MYCN expression is an early event in these cancers leading to a peculiar dysregulation of cells that results in embryonal or cancer stem-like qualities, such as increased self-renewal, apoptotic resistance, and metabolic flexibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jörg Otte
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Children's and Women's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Dyberg
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Children's and Women's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Adena Pepich
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Children's and Women's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - John Inge Johnsen
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Children's and Women's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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20
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Schaafsma E, Zhao Y, Zhang L, Li Y, Cheng C. MYC Activity Inference Captures Diverse Mechanisms of Aberrant MYC Pathway Activation in Human Cancers. Mol Cancer Res 2020; 19:414-428. [PMID: 33234576 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-20-0526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
c-MYC (MYC) is deregulated in more than 50% of all cancers. While MYC amplification is the most common MYC-deregulating event, many other alterations can increase MYC activity. We thus systematically investigated MYC pathway activity across different tumor types. Using a logistic regression framework, we established tumor type-specific, transcriptomic-based MYC activity scores that can accurately capture MYC activity. We show that MYC activity scores reflect a variety of MYC-regulating mechanisms, including MYCL and/or MYCN amplification, MYC promoter methylation, MYC mRNA expression, lncRNA PVT1 expression, MYC mutations, and viral integrations near the MYC locus. Our MYC activity score incorporates all of these mechanisms, resulting in better prognostic predictions compared with MYC amplification status, MYC promoter methylation, and MYC mRNA expression in several cancer types. In addition, we show that tumor proliferation and immune evasion are likely contributors to this reduction in survival. Finally, we developed a MYC activity signature for liquid tumors in which MYC translocation is commonly observed, suggesting that our approach can be applied to different types of genomic alterations. In conclusion, we developed a MYC activity score that captures MYC pathway activity and is clinically relevant. IMPLICATIONS: By using cancer type-specific MYC activity profiles, we were able to assess MYC activity across many more tumor types than previously investigated. The range of different MYC-related alterations captured by our MYC activity score can be used to facilitate the application of future MYC inhibitors and aid physicians to preselect patients for targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelien Schaafsma
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | - Yanding Zhao
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Lanjing Zhang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey.,Department of Pathology, Princeton Medical Center, Plainsboro, New Jersey
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Medicine, Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Chao Cheng
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas. .,Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.,Department of Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire.,The Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
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21
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Brady SW, Liu Y, Ma X, Gout AM, Hagiwara K, Zhou X, Wang J, Macias M, Chen X, Easton J, Mulder HL, Rusch M, Wang L, Nakitandwe J, Lei S, Davis EM, Naranjo A, Cheng C, Maris JM, Downing JR, Cheung NKV, Hogarty MD, Dyer MA, Zhang J. Pan-neuroblastoma analysis reveals age- and signature-associated driver alterations. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5183. [PMID: 33056981 PMCID: PMC7560655 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-18987-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is a pediatric malignancy with heterogeneous clinical outcomes. To better understand neuroblastoma pathogenesis, here we analyze whole-genome, whole-exome and/or transcriptome data from 702 neuroblastoma samples. Forty percent of samples harbor at least one recurrent driver gene alteration and most aberrations, including MYCN, ATRX, and TERT alterations, differ in frequency by age. MYCN alterations occur at median 2.3 years of age, TERT at 3.8 years, and ATRX at 5.6 years. COSMIC mutational signature 18, previously associated with reactive oxygen species, is the most common cause of driver point mutations in neuroblastoma, including most ALK and Ras-activating variants. Signature 18 appears early and is continuous throughout disease evolution. Signature 18 is enriched in neuroblastomas with MYCN amplification, 17q gain, and increased expression of mitochondrial ribosome and electron transport-associated genes. Recurrent FGFR1 variants in six patients, and ALK N-terminal structural alterations in five samples, identify additional patients potentially amenable to precision therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel W Brady
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Yanling Liu
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Xiaotu Ma
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Alexander M Gout
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Kohei Hagiwara
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Michael Macias
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Xiaolong Chen
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - John Easton
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Heather L Mulder
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Michael Rusch
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Joy Nakitandwe
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Shaohua Lei
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Eric M Davis
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Arlene Naranjo
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Florida, Children's Oncology Group Statistics & Data Center, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Cheng Cheng
- Department of Biostatistics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - John M Maris
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - James R Downing
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Nai-Kong V Cheung
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael D Hogarty
- Division of Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Michael A Dyer
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.
| | - Jinghui Zhang
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.
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22
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Tinholt M, Stavik B, Tekpli X, Garred Ø, Borgen E, Kristensen V, Sahlberg KK, Sandset PM, Iversen N. Coagulation factor V is a marker of tumor-infiltrating immune cells in breast cancer. Oncoimmunology 2020; 9:1824644. [PMID: 33457104 PMCID: PMC7781787 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2020.1824644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Factor (F) V is an essential cofactor in blood coagulation, however, F5 expression in breast tumors has also been linked to tumor aggressiveness and overall survival. The specific role of FV in breast cancer is yet unknown. We therefore aimed at dissecting the biological relevance of FV in breast cancer. Methods Gene expression data from a Scandinavian breast cancer cohort (n = 363) and the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) (n = 981) and 12 replication cohorts were used to search for F5 co-expressed genes, followed by gene ontology analysis. Pathological and bioinformatic tools were used to evaluate immune cell infiltration and tumor purity. T cell activation, proliferation and migration were studied in FV treated Jurkat T cells. Results F5 co-expressed genes were mainly associated with immune system processes and cell activation. Tumors with high expression of F5 were more infiltrated with both lymphoid (T cells, NK cells, and B cells) and myeloid cells (macrophages and dendritic cells), and F5 expression was negatively correlated with tumor purity (ρ = -0.32). Confirming a prognostic role, data from the Kaplan-Meier plotter showed that high F5 expression was associated with improved relapse-free survival. The strongest association was observed in basal-like breast cancer (HR = 0.55; 95% CI, 0.42-0.71). Exogenous FV did not substantially affect activation, proliferation or migration of human T cells. Conclusions F5 was identified as a novel marker of immune cell infiltration in breast cancer, and the prognostic role of F5 was verified. FV emerge as an interesting immunological biomarker with potential therapeutic relevance for the cancer-inflammation-thrombosis circuit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Tinholt
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Haematology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Benedicte Stavik
- Department of Haematology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Norway
| | - Xavier Tekpli
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Øystein Garred
- Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Elin Borgen
- Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Vessela Kristensen
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology (Epigen), Akershus University Hospital, Lillestrøm, Norway
| | - Kristine Kleivi Sahlberg
- Department of Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Research, Vestre Viken, Drammen, Norway
| | - Per Morten Sandset
- Department of Haematology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Nina Iversen
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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23
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Balaji S, Santhi R, Kim U, Muthukkaruppan V, Priya CG, Vanniarajan A. Cancer Stem Cells with Overexpression of Neuronal Markers Enhance Chemoresistance and Invasion in Retinoblastoma. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2020; 20:710-719. [PMID: 32364077 DOI: 10.2174/1568009620666200504112711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Retinoblastoma is a sight and life-threatening embryonal tumor in children. Though chemotherapy is the main mode of therapy, evolving resistance remains a major obstacle in treatment success. The presence of cancer stem cells (CSC) is frequently reported to be responsible for chemoresistance in multiple tumors. OBJECTIVE Our study aims to identify the molecular factors that facilitate the chemoresistance through cancer stem cells in retinoblastoma. METHODS We developed etoposide and carboplatin resistant retinoblastoma (Y79) cell lines by stepwise drug increment treatment, validated with MTT and TUNEL assays. Colony forming and invasive ability were studied by soft-agar colony forming and transwell assays, respectively. Similar analysis in non-responsive retinoblastoma tumors were carried out by histopathology. Finally, expression of CSC/neuronal markers and ABC transporters were examined by quantitative PCR and protein expression of neuronal stem cell markers was confirmed by Western blot. RESULTS Larger colony size of resistant cells in soft-agar assay provided evidence for increased selfrenewability. Histopathology in non-responsive tumors showed poorly differentiated cells predominantly. Besides, both resistant cell lines and non-responsive tumors showed increased invasion with higher expression of neuronal stem cell markers - SOX2, NANOG, OCT4 and ABC transporters - ABCB1 and ABCC3. Increased self-renewal ability and invasion along with overexpression of stemness markers in resistant cells and tumors provide evidence for stemness driving chemoresistance and invasion in retinoblastoma. CONCLUSION We have demonstrated Neuronal stem cell/CSC markers that facilitate the maintenance of cancer stem cells. Developing therapies targeting these factors will help in overcoming resistance and improving retinoblastoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sekaran Balaji
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Aravind Medical Research Foundation, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, 625 020, India
| | - Radhakrishnan Santhi
- Department of Pathology, Aravind Eye Hospital, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, 625 020, India
| | - Usha Kim
- Department of Orbit, Oculoplasty and Ocular Oncology, Aravind Eye Hospital, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, 625 020, India
| | - Veerappan Muthukkaruppan
- Department of Immunology and Stem Cell Biology, Aravind Medical Research Foundation, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, 625 020, India
| | - Chidambaranathan G Priya
- Department of Immunology and Stem Cell Biology, Aravind Medical Research Foundation, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, 625 020, India
| | - Ayyasamy Vanniarajan
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Aravind Medical Research Foundation, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, 625 020, India
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24
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Lopez G, Conkrite KL, Doepner M, Rathi KS, Modi A, Vaksman Z, Farra LM, Hyson E, Noureddine M, Wei JS, Smith MA, Asgharzadeh S, Seeger RC, Khan J, Auvil JG, Gerhard DS, Maris JM, Diskin SJ. Somatic structural variation targets neurodevelopmental genes and identifies SHANK2 as a tumor suppressor in neuroblastoma. Genome Res 2020; 30:1228-1242. [PMID: 32796005 PMCID: PMC7545140 DOI: 10.1101/gr.252106.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is a malignancy of the developing sympathetic nervous system that accounts for 12% of childhood cancer deaths. Like many childhood cancers, neuroblastoma shows a relative paucity of somatic single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) and small insertions and deletions (indels) compared to adult cancers. Here, we assessed the contribution of somatic structural variation (SV) in neuroblastoma using a combination of whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of tumor-normal pairs (n = 135) and single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping of primary tumors (n = 914). Our study design allowed for orthogonal validation and replication across platforms. SV frequency, type, and localization varied significantly among high-risk tumors. MYCN nonamplified high-risk tumors harbored an increased SV burden overall, including a significant excess of tandem duplication events across the genome. Genes disrupted by SV breakpoints were enriched in neuronal lineages and associated with phenotypes such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The postsynaptic adapter protein-coding gene, SHANK2, located on Chromosome 11q13, was disrupted by SVs in 14% of MYCN nonamplified high-risk tumors based on WGS and 10% in the SNP array cohort. Expression of SHANK2 was low across human-derived neuroblastoma cell lines and high-risk neuroblastoma tumors. Forced expression of SHANK2 in neuroblastoma cells resulted in significant growth inhibition (P = 2.6 × 10-2 to 3.4 × 10-5) and accelerated neuronal differentiation following treatment with all-trans retinoic acid (P = 3.1 × 10-13 to 2.4 × 10-30). These data further define the complex landscape of somatic structural variation in neuroblastoma and suggest that events leading to deregulation of neurodevelopmental processes, such as inactivation of SHANK2, are key mediators of tumorigenesis in this childhood cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo Lopez
- Division of Oncology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
- Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA
| | - Karina L Conkrite
- Division of Oncology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
- Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Miriam Doepner
- Division of Oncology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
- Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Komal S Rathi
- Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Apexa Modi
- Division of Oncology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
- Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
- Genomics and Computational Biology, Biomedical Graduate Studies, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Zalman Vaksman
- Division of Oncology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
- Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
- Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Lance M Farra
- Division of Oncology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
- Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Eric Hyson
- Division of Oncology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
- Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Moataz Noureddine
- Division of Oncology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
- Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Jun S Wei
- Oncogenomics Section, Genetics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Malcolm A Smith
- Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Shahab Asgharzadeh
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90033, USA
- The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90027, USA
| | - Robert C Seeger
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90033, USA
- The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90027, USA
| | - Javed Khan
- Oncogenomics Section, Genetics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Jaime Guidry Auvil
- Office of Cancer Genomics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Daniela S Gerhard
- Office of Cancer Genomics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - John M Maris
- Division of Oncology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
- Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Sharon J Diskin
- Division of Oncology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
- Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
- Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
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25
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Joshi S. Targeting the Tumor Microenvironment in Neuroblastoma: Recent Advances and Future Directions. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2057. [PMID: 32722460 PMCID: PMC7465822 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common pediatric tumor malignancy that originates from the neural crest and accounts for more than 15% of all the childhood deaths from cancer. The neuroblastoma cancer research has long been focused on the role of MYCN oncogene amplification and the contribution of other genetic alterations in the progression of this malignancy. However, it is now widely accepted that, not only tumor cells, but the components of tumor microenvironment (TME), including extracellular matrix, stromal cells and immune cells, also contribute to tumor progression in neuroblastoma. The complexity of different components of tumor stroma and their resemblance with surrounding normal tissues pose huge challenges for therapies targeting tumor microenvironment in NB. Hence, the detailed understanding of the composition of the TME of NB is crucial to improve existing and future potential immunotherapeutic approaches against this childhood cancer. In this review article, I will discuss different components of the TME of NB and the recent advances in the strategies, which are used to target the tumor microenvironment in neuroblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Joshi
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0815, USA
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26
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Prognostic significance of MYCN related genes in pediatric neuroblastoma: a study based on TARGET and GEO datasets. BMC Pediatr 2020; 20:314. [PMID: 32593299 PMCID: PMC7320557 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-020-02219-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Neuroblastoma patients with MYCN amplification are associated with poor prognosis. However, the prognostic relevance of MYCN associated genes in neuroblastoma is unclear. Methods The expression profiles of MYCN associated genes were identified from Therapeutically Applicable Research to Generate Effective Treatments (TARGET) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets. Enriched transcription factors and signaling pathways were determined using gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). Kaplan-Meier plotter was used to identify the prognostic relevance of MYCN associated genes. Multivariate cox regression and Spearman’s correlation were used to determine the correlation coefficients of MYCN associated genes. Results In TARGET and GSE85047 datasets, neuroblastoma patients with MYCN amplification were associated with worse prognosis. Transcription factor MYC was positively associated with MYCN amplification in GSEA assay. We identified 13 MYC target genes which were increased in neuroblastoma patients with MYCN amplification in TARGET, GSE19274 and GSE85047 datasets. Moreover, six out of the 13 MYC target genes ARMC6, DCTPP1, EIF4G1, ELOVL6, FBL and PRMT1 were associated with adverse prognosis in TARGET and GSE85047 datasets. Transcription factor E2F1 was up-regulated by MYCN amplification and associated with the poor prognosis of neuroblastoma. Furthermore, RPS19 in ribosome signaling pathway was also associated with MYCN amplification and correlated with the poor prognosis of neuroblastoma. At last, we showed that most of MYCN target genes were correlated with each other. However, EIF4G1 was an independent prognostic marker. And the prognostic effects of the combination of MYCN amplification and EIF4G1 expression were more significant than MYCN or EIF4G1 alone. Conclusions MYCN target genes ARMC6, DCTPP1, EIF4G1, ELOVL6, FBL, PRMT1, E2F1 and RPS19 had significant prognostic effects in pediatric neuroblastoma. And neuroblastoma patients without MYCN amplification and low EIF4G1 expression had best prognosis.
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27
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Healy JR, Hart LS, Shazad AL, Gagliardi ME, Tsang M, Elias J, Ruden J, Farrel A, Rokita JL, Li Y, Wyce A, Barbash O, Batra V, Samanta M, Maris JM, Schnepp RW. Limited antitumor activity of combined BET and MEK inhibition in neuroblastoma. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2020; 67:e28267. [PMID: 32307821 PMCID: PMC7188563 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.28267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The treatment of high-risk neuroblastoma continues to present a formidable challenge to pediatric oncology. Previous studies have shown that Bromodomain and extraterminal (BET) inhibitors can inhibit MYCN expression and suppress MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma in vivo. Furthermore, alterations within RAS-MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) signaling play significant roles in neuroblastoma initiation, maintenance, and relapse, and mitogen-activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MEK) inhibitors demonstrate efficacy in subsets of neuroblastoma preclinical models. Finally, hyperactivation of RAS-MAPK signaling has been shown to promote resistance to BET inhibitors. Therefore, we examined the antitumor efficacy of combined BET/MEK inhibition utilizing I-BET726 or I-BET762 and trametinib in high-risk neuroblastoma. PROCEDURE Utilizing a panel of genomically annotated neuroblastoma cell line models, we investigated the in vitro effects of combined BET/MEK inhibition on cell proliferation and apoptosis. Furthermore, we evaluated the effects of combined inhibition in neuroblastoma xenograft models. RESULTS Combined BET and MEK inhibition demonstrated synergistic effects on the growth and survival of a large panel of neuroblastoma cell lines through augmentation of apoptosis. A combination therapy slowed tumor growth in a non-MYCN-amplified, NRAS-mutated neuroblastoma xenograft model, but had no efficacy in an MYCN-amplified model harboring a loss-of-function mutation in NF1. CONCLUSIONS Combinatorial BET and MEK inhibition was synergistic in the vast majority of neuroblastoma cell lines in the in vitro setting but showed limited antitumor activity in vivo. Collectively, these data do not support clinical development of this combination in high-risk neuroblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason R. Healy
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA,Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Lori S. Hart
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Alexander L. Shazad
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Maria E. Gagliardi
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Matthew Tsang
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Jimmy Elias
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Jacob Ruden
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Alvin Farrel
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA,Department of Bioinformatics and Health Informatics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Jo Lynne Rokita
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA,Department of Bioinformatics and Health Informatics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA,Center for Data-Driven Discovery in Biomedicine, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Yimei Li
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA,Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Anastasia Wyce
- Cancer Epigenetics RU, Oncology R&D, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426
| | - Olena Barbash
- Cancer Epigenetics RU, Oncology R&D, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426
| | - Vandana Batra
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA,Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Minu Samanta
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - John M. Maris
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA,Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA,Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA,Corresponding Author(s): John M. Maris, Colket Translational Research Building (Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia), 3060, 3501 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA. . Robert W. Schnepp, Health Sciences Research Building (Emory University School of Medicine), 304, 1760 Haygood Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA.
| | - Robert W. Schnepp
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center of Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta and Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA,Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA,Corresponding Author(s): John M. Maris, Colket Translational Research Building (Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia), 3060, 3501 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA. . Robert W. Schnepp, Health Sciences Research Building (Emory University School of Medicine), 304, 1760 Haygood Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA.
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28
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Chen D, Cox J, Annam J, Weingart M, Essien G, Rathi KS, Rokita JL, Khurana P, Cuya SM, Bosse KR, Pilgrim A, Li D, Shields C, Laur O, Maris JM, Schnepp RW. LIN28B promotes neuroblastoma metastasis and regulates PDZ binding kinase. Neoplasia 2020; 22:231-241. [PMID: 32339949 PMCID: PMC7186370 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2020.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is an aggressive pediatric malignancy of the neural crest with suboptimal cure rates and a striking predilection for widespread metastases, underscoring the need to identify novel therapeutic vulnerabilities. We recently identified the RNA binding protein LIN28B as a driver in high-risk neuroblastoma and demonstrated it promotes oncogenic cell proliferation by coordinating a RAN-Aurora kinase A network. Here, we demonstrate that LIN28B influences another key hallmark of cancer, metastatic dissemination. Using a murine xenograft model of neuroblastoma dissemination, we show that LIN28B promotes metastasis. We demonstrate that this is in part due to the effects of LIN28B on self-renewal and migration, providing an understanding of how LIN28B shapes the metastatic phenotype. Our studies reveal that the let-7 family, which LIN28B inhibits, decreases self-renewal and migration. Next, we identify PDZ Binding Kinase (PBK) as a novel LIN28B target. PBK is a serine/threonine kinase that promotes the proliferation and self-renewal of neural stem cells and serves as an oncogenic driver in multiple aggressive malignancies. We demonstrate that PBK is both a novel direct target of let-7i and that MYCN regulates PBK expression, thus elucidating two oncogenic drivers that converge on PBK. Functionally, PBK promotes self-renewal and migration, phenocopying LIN28B. Taken together, our findings define a role for LIN28B in neuroblastoma metastasis and define the targetable kinase PBK as a potential novel vulnerability in metastatic neuroblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Chen
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Julie Cox
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jayabhargav Annam
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Melanie Weingart
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Grace Essien
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Komal S Rathi
- Center for Data-Driven Discovery in Biomedicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Bioinformatics and Health Informatics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jo Lynne Rokita
- Center for Data-Driven Discovery in Biomedicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Bioinformatics and Health Informatics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Priya Khurana
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Selma M Cuya
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Kristopher R Bosse
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Adeiye Pilgrim
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Daisy Li
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Cara Shields
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | | | - John M Maris
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Robert W Schnepp
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
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29
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Southgate HED, Chen L, Curtin NJ, Tweddle DA. Targeting the DNA Damage Response for the Treatment of High Risk Neuroblastoma. Front Oncol 2020; 10:371. [PMID: 32309213 PMCID: PMC7145987 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite intensive multimodal therapy, the survival rate for high risk neuroblastoma (HR-NB) remains <50%. Most cases initially respond to treatment but almost half will subsequently relapse with aggressive treatment resistant disease. Novel treatments exploiting the molecular pathology of NB and/or overcoming resistance to current genotoxic therapies are needed before survival rates can significantly improve. DNA damage response (DDR) defects are frequently observed in HR-NB including allelic deletion and loss of function mutations in key DDR genes, oncogene induced replication stress and cell cycle checkpoint dysfunction. Exploiting defects in the DDR has been a successful treatment strategy in some adult cancers. Here we review the genetic features of HR-NB which lead to DDR defects and the emerging molecular targeting agents to exploit them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harriet E D Southgate
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Lindi Chen
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Nicola J Curtin
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Deborah A Tweddle
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
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30
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Li Y, Gruber JJ, Litzenburger UM, Zhou Y, Miao YR, LaGory EL, Li AM, Hu Z, Yip M, Hart LS, Maris JM, Chang HY, Giaccia AJ, Ye J. Acetate supplementation restores chromatin accessibility and promotes tumor cell differentiation under hypoxia. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:102. [PMID: 32029721 PMCID: PMC7005271 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2303-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Despite the fact that Otto H. Warburg discovered the Warburg effect almost one hundred years ago, why cancer cells waste most of the glucose carbon as lactate remains an enigma. Warburg proposed a connection between the Warburg effect and cell dedifferentiation. Hypoxia is a common tumor microenvironmental stress that induces the Warburg effect and blocks tumor cell differentiation. The underlying mechanism by which this occurs is poorly understood, and no effective therapeutic strategy has been developed to overcome this resistance to differentiation. Using a neuroblastoma differentiation model, we discovered that hypoxia repressed cell differentiation through reducing cellular acetyl-CoA levels, leading to reduction of global histone acetylation and chromatin accessibility. The metabolic switch triggering this global histone hypoacetylation was the induction of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinases (PDK1 and PDK3). Inhibition of PDKs using dichloroacetate (DCA) restored acetyl-CoA generation and histone acetylation under hypoxia. Knocking down PDK1 induced neuroblastoma cell differentiation, highlighting the critical role of PDK1 in cell fate control. Importantly, acetate or glycerol triacetate (GTA) supplementation restored differentiation markers expression and neuron differentiation under hypoxia. Moreover, ATAC-Seq analysis demonstrated that hypoxia treatment significantly reduced chromatin accessibility at RAR/RXR binding sites, which can be restored by acetate supplementation. In addition, hypoxia-induced histone hypermethylation by increasing 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG) and reducing α-ketoglutarate (αKG). αKG supplementation reduced histone hypermethylation upon hypoxia, but did not restore histone acetylation or differentiation markers expression. Together, these findings suggest that diverting pyruvate flux away from acetyl-CoA generation to lactate production is the key mechanism that Warburg effect drives dedifferentiation and tumorigenesis. We propose that combining differentiation therapy with acetate/GTA supplementation might represent an effective therapy against neuroblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Joshua J Gruber
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Ulrike M Litzenburger
- Center for Personal Dynamic Regulomes, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Yiren Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Yu Rebecca Miao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Edward L LaGory
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Albert M Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Zhen Hu
- Olivia Consulting Service, Redwood City, CA, 94063, USA
| | - Michaela Yip
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Lori S Hart
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - John M Maris
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Howard Y Chang
- Center for Personal Dynamic Regulomes, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Amato J Giaccia
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Jiangbin Ye
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
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31
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Mus LM, Lambertz I, Claeys S, Kumps C, Van Loocke W, Van Neste C, Umapathy G, Vaapil M, Bartenhagen C, Laureys G, De Wever O, Bexell D, Fischer M, Hallberg B, Schulte J, De Wilde B, Durinck K, Denecker G, De Preter K, Speleman F. The ETS transcription factor ETV5 is a target of activated ALK in neuroblastoma contributing to increased tumour aggressiveness. Sci Rep 2020; 10:218. [PMID: 31937834 PMCID: PMC6959226 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-57076-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is an aggressive childhood cancer arising from sympatho-adrenergic neuronal progenitors. The low survival rates for high-risk disease point to an urgent need for novel targeted therapeutic approaches. Detailed molecular characterization of the neuroblastoma genomic landscape indicates that ALK-activating mutations are present in 10% of primary tumours. Together with other mutations causing RAS/MAPK pathway activation, ALK mutations are also enriched in relapsed cases and ALK activation was shown to accelerate MYCN-driven tumour formation through hitherto unknown ALK-driven target genes. To gain further insight into how ALK contributes to neuroblastoma aggressiveness, we searched for known oncogenes in our previously reported ALK-driven gene signature. We identified ETV5, a bona fide oncogene in prostate cancer, as robustly upregulated in neuroblastoma cells harbouring ALK mutations, and show high ETV5 levels downstream of the RAS/MAPK axis. Increased ETV5 expression significantly impacted migration, invasion and colony formation in vitro, and ETV5 knockdown reduced proliferation in a murine xenograft model. We also established a gene signature associated with ETV5 knockdown that correlates with poor patient survival. Taken together, our data highlight ETV5 as an intrinsic component of oncogenic ALK-driven signalling through the MAPK axis and propose that ETV5 upregulation in neuroblastoma may contribute to tumour aggressiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liselot M Mus
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Irina Lambertz
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Shana Claeys
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Candy Kumps
- Department of Uro-gynaecology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Wouter Van Loocke
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Christophe Van Neste
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ganesh Umapathy
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Marica Vaapil
- Translational Cancer Research, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Christoph Bartenhagen
- Department of Experimental Pediatric Oncology, University Children's Hospital of Cologne, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50937, Cologne, Germany.,Centre for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Genevieve Laureys
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Olivier De Wever
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium.,Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Daniel Bexell
- Translational Cancer Research, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Matthias Fischer
- Department of Experimental Pediatric Oncology, University Children's Hospital of Cologne, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50937, Cologne, Germany.,Centre for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Bengt Hallberg
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Johannes Schulte
- Department of Paediatric Oncology and Haematology, University Children's Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.,Department of Paediatric Oncology and Haematology, Charité University Medical Centre Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Berlin, Germany.,German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Bram De Wilde
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kaat Durinck
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Geertrui Denecker
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Katleen De Preter
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Frank Speleman
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium. .,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium.
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Hypoxia in the Initiation and Progression of Neuroblastoma Tumours. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 21:ijms21010039. [PMID: 31861671 PMCID: PMC6982287 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21010039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is the most frequent extracranial solid tumour in children, causing 10% of all paediatric oncology deaths. It arises in the embryonic neural crest due to an uncontrolled behaviour of sympathetic nervous system progenitors, giving rise to heterogeneous tumours. Low local or systemic tissue oxygen concentration has emerged as a cellular stimulus with important consequences for tumour initiation, evolution and progression. In neuroblastoma, several evidences point towards a role of hypoxia in tumour initiation during development, tumour cell differentiation, survival and metastatic spreading. However, the heterogeneous nature of the disease, its developmental origin and the lack of suitable experimental models have complicated a clear understanding of the effect of hypoxia in neuroblastoma tumour progression and the molecular mechanisms implicated. In this review, we have compiled available evidences to try to shed light onto this important field. In particular, we explore the effect of hypoxia in neuroblastoma cell transformation and differentiation. We also discuss the experimental models available and the emerging alternatives to study this problem, and we present hypoxia-related therapeutic avenues being explored in the field.
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Alshangiti AM, Tuboly E, Hegarty SV, McCarthy CM, Sullivan AM, O'Keeffe GW. 4-Hydroxychalcone Induces Cell Death via Oxidative Stress in MYCN-Amplified Human Neuroblastoma Cells. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:1670759. [PMID: 31885773 PMCID: PMC6915131 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1670759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is an embryonal malignancy that arises from cells of sympathoadrenal lineage during the development of the nervous system. It is the most common pediatric extracranial solid tumor and is responsible for 15% of childhood deaths from cancer. Fifty percent of cases are diagnosed as high-risk metastatic disease with a low overall 5-year survival rate. More than half of patients experience disease recurrence that can be refractory to treatment. Amplification of the MYCN gene is an important prognostic indicator that is associated with rapid disease progression and a poor prognosis, highlighting the need for new therapeutic approaches. In recent years, there has been an increasing focus on identifying anticancer properties of naturally occurring chalcones, which are secondary metabolites with variable phenolic structures. Here, we report that 4-hydroxychalcone is a potent cytotoxin for MYCN-amplified IMR-32 and SK-N-BE (2) neuroblastoma cells, when compared to non-MYCN-amplified SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells and to the non-neuroblastoma human embryonic kidney cell line, HEK293t. Moreover, 4-hydroxychalcone treatment significantly decreased cellular levels of the antioxidant glutathione and increased cellular reactive oxygen species. In addition, 4-hydroxychalcone treatment led to impairments in mitochondrial respiratory function, compared to controls. In support of this, the cytotoxic effect of 4-hydroxychalcone was prevented by co-treatment with either the antioxidant N-acetyl-L-cysteine, a pharmacological inhibitor of oxidative stress-induced cell death (IM-54) or the mitochondrial reactive oxygen species scavenger, Mito-TEMPO. When combined with the anticancer drugs cisplatin or doxorubicin, 4-hydroxychalcone led to greater reductions in cell viability than was induced by either anti-cancer agent alone. In summary, this study identifies a cytotoxic effect of 4-hydroxychalcone in MYCN-amplified human neuroblastoma cells, which rationalizes its further study in the development of new therapies for pediatric neuroblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amnah M. Alshangiti
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Cork Neuroscience Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Eszter Tuboly
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Shane V. Hegarty
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Cork Neuroscience Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Cathal M. McCarthy
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Aideen M. Sullivan
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Cork Neuroscience Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Gerard W. O'Keeffe
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Cork Neuroscience Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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34
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Chava S, Reynolds CP, Pathania AS, Gorantla S, Poluektova LY, Coulter DW, Gupta SC, Pandey MK, Challagundla KB. miR-15a-5p, miR-15b-5p, and miR-16-5p inhibit tumor progression by directly targeting MYCN in neuroblastoma. Mol Oncol 2019; 14:180-196. [PMID: 31637848 PMCID: PMC6944109 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common extracranial solid malignancy in children. Despite current aggressive treatment regimens, the prognosis for high-risk NB patients remains poor, with the survival of less than 40%. Amplification/stabilization of MYCN oncogene, in NB is associated with a high risk of recurrence. Thus, there is an urgent need for novel therapeutics. The deregulated expression of microRNA (miR) is reported in NB; nonetheless, its effect on MYCN regulation is poorly understood. First, we identified that miR-15a-5p, miR-15b-5p, and miR-16-5p (hereafter miR-15a, miR-15b or miR-16) were down-regulated in patient-derived xenografts (PDX) with high MYCN expression. MiR targeting sequences on MYCN mRNA were predicted using online databases such as TargetScan and miR database. The R2 database, containing 105 NB patients, showed an inverse correlation between MYCN mRNA and deleted in lymphocytic leukemia (DLEU) 2, a host gene of miR-15. Moreover, overexpression of miR-15a, miR-15b or miR-16 significantly reduced the levels of MYCN mRNA and N-Myc protein. Conversely, inhibiting miR dramatically enhanced MYCN mRNA and N-Myc protein levels, as well as increasing mRNA half-life in NB cells. By performing immunoprecipitation assays of argonaute-2 (Ago2), a core component of the RNA-induced silencing complex, we showed that miR-15a, miR-15b and miR-16 interact with MYCN mRNA. Luciferase reporter assays showed that miR-15a, miR-15b and miR-16 bind with 3'UTR of MYCN mRNA, resulting in MYCN suppression. Moreover, induced expression of miR-15a, miR-15b and miR-16 significantly reduced the proliferation, migration, and invasion of NB cells. Finally, transplanting miR-15a-, miR-15b- and miR-16-expressing NB cells into NSG mice repressed tumor formation and MYCN expression. These data suggest that miR-15a, miR-15b and miR-16 exert a tumor-suppressive function in NB by targeting MYCN. Therefore, these miRs could be considered as potential targets for NB treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivas Chava
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology & the Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - C Patrick Reynolds
- Childhood Cancer Repository, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Anup S Pathania
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology & the Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Santhi Gorantla
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Larisa Y Poluektova
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Don W Coulter
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Subash C Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Manoj K Pandey
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ, USA
| | - Kishore B Challagundla
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology & the Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
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CDGSH Iron Sulfur Domain 2 Deficiency Inhibits Cell Proliferation and Induces Cell Differentiation of Neuroblastoma. Pathol Oncol Res 2019; 26:1725-1733. [DOI: 10.1007/s12253-019-00753-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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36
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Cavalli E, Mazzon E, Mammana S, Basile MS, Lombardo SD, Mangano K, Bramanti P, Nicoletti F, Fagone P, Petralia MC. Overexpression of Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor and Its Homologue D-Dopachrome Tautomerase as Negative Prognostic Factor in Neuroblastoma. Brain Sci 2019; 9:brainsci9100284. [PMID: 31635049 PMCID: PMC6826588 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci9100284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) represents one of the most frequent pediatric solid tumors. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a cytokine exerting multiple biological functions. More recently, a second member of the MIF family of cytokine has been identified, the D-dopachrome tautomerase (DDT), that exerts several overlapping functions with MIF. Growing evidence suggests a key role for MIF and DDT in the development of cancer. The aim of this study is to characterize the prognostic value of MIF and DDT in NB. We show that higher expression levels of MIF and DDT in Stage 4 NB samples are associated with a poorer prognosis, independently of the presence of MYCN amplification. Moreover, higher levels of MIF are mostly enriched by Th1 cells, while lower levels of MIF are associated with an increased proportion of B cells, Cytotoxic T cells, Dendritic cells and Natural Killer T cells. We also show that treatment with the histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, vorinostat, of the NB cell line, SH-SY5Y, determines a significant reduction in the expression of both MIF and DDT. Finally, MIF and DDT inhibition by short interfering RNA is able to revert vincristine sensitivity in vitro. Overall, our data suggest that MIF exert pro-tumorigenic properties in NB, likely by dampening antigen presentation and cytotoxic immune responses, and we propose the HDAC inhibitors as a potential therapeutic strategy for NB patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenio Cavalli
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo, C.da Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy.
| | - Emanuela Mazzon
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo, C.da Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy.
| | - Santa Mammana
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo, C.da Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy.
| | - Maria Sofia Basile
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy.
| | - Salvo Danilo Lombardo
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy.
| | - Katia Mangano
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy.
| | - Placido Bramanti
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo, C.da Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy.
| | - Ferdinando Nicoletti
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy.
| | - Paolo Fagone
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy.
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37
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MYCN-enhanced Oxidative and Glycolytic Metabolism Reveals Vulnerabilities for Targeting Neuroblastoma. iScience 2019; 21:188-204. [PMID: 31670074 PMCID: PMC6889365 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2019.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In pediatric neuroblastoma, MYCN-amplification correlates to poor clinical outcome and new treatment options are needed for these patients. Identifying the metabolic adaptations crucial for tumor progression may be a promising strategy to discover novel therapeutic targets. Here, we have combined proteomics, gene expression profiling, functional analysis, and metabolic tracing to decipher the impact of MYCN on neuroblastoma cell metabolism. We found that high MYCN levels are correlated with altered expression of proteins involved in multiple metabolic processes, including enhanced glycolysis and increased oxidative phosphorylation. Unexpectedly, we discovered that MYCN-amplified cells showed de novo glutamine synthesis. Furthermore, inhibition of β-oxidation reduced the viability of MYCN-amplified cells in vitro and decreased tumor burden in vivo, while not affecting non-MYCN–amplified tumors. Our data provide information on metabolic processes in MYCN expressing tumors, which could be exploited for the development of novel targeted therapies. High MYCN expression enhances glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation in neuroblastoma Neuroblastoma cells with MYCN-amplification display de novo glutamine synthesis MYCN-amplified cells show fatty acid–dependent mitochondrial respiration Fatty acid oxidation is a vulnerability in MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma
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38
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Chang HH, Lu MY, Yang YL, Chou SW, Lin DT, Lin KH, Hsu WM, Jeng YM, Jou ST. The prognostic roles of and correlation between ALK and MYCN protein expression in neuroblastoma. J Clin Pathol 2019; 73:154-161. [DOI: 10.1136/jclinpath-2019-206063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
AimsTo investigate the relations between anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) and v-myc myelocytomatosis viral related oncogene neuroblastoma derived homolog (MYCN) protein expression and their prognostic roles in neuroblastoma tumours.MethodsSixty-one neuroblastoma tumours obtained at diagnosis were stained with anti-MYCN and anti-ALK antibodies by immunohistochemical staining. The correlations between protein expression of MYCN, ALK and clinicopathological and biological variables of neuroblastoma tumours were analysed.ResultsHigh expression of ALK protein could be detected in 25 (41%) and high expression of MYCN protein could be detected in 24 (39.3%) of the 61 neuroblastoma tumours, respectively. The majority of neuroblastoma tumours with evident of ALK or MYCN protein high expression exhibited undifferentiated or poorly differentiated histology (30/35, 85.7%). ALK or MYCN protein high expression in neuroblastoma tumours was associated with adverse clinical prognostic factors and ALK protein high expression was significantly associated with MYCN protein high expression. In addition, either ALK or MYCN protein high expression in neuroblastoma tumours was the independent adverse prognostic factor and also predicted worse survival outcomes for neuroblastoma patients with MYCN non-amplified status or non-high-risk Children’s Oncology Group grouping.ConclusionsOur study showed a novel coordinately prognostic role of ALK and MYCN protein expression in neuroblastoma and is the first report to demonstrate the correlation between ALK and MYCN protein expression in primary neuroblastoma tumours.
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39
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Mohlin S, Hansson K, Radke K, Martinez S, Blanco-Apiricio C, Garcia-Ruiz C, Welinder C, Esfandyari J, O'Neill M, Pastor J, von Stedingk K, Bexell D. Anti-tumor effects of PIM/PI3K/mTOR triple kinase inhibitor IBL-302 in neuroblastoma. EMBO Mol Med 2019; 11:e10058. [PMID: 31310053 PMCID: PMC6685085 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201810058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The PI3K pathway is a major driver of cancer progression. However, clinical resistance to PI3K inhibition is common. IBL‐302 is a novel highly specific triple PIM, PI3K, and mTOR inhibitor. Screening IBL‐302 in over 700 cell lines representing 47 tumor types identified neuroblastoma as a strong candidate for PIM/PI3K/mTOR inhibition. IBL‐302 was more effective than single PI3K inhibition in vitro, and IBL‐302 treatment of neuroblastoma patient‐derived xenograft (PDX) cells induced apoptosis, differentiated tumor cells, and decreased N‐Myc protein levels. IBL‐302 further enhanced the effect of the common cytotoxic chemotherapies cisplatin, doxorubicin, and etoposide. Global genome, proteome, and phospho‐proteome analyses identified crucial biological processes, including cell motility and apoptosis, targeted by IBL‐302 treatment. While IBL‐302 treatment alone reduced tumor growth in vivo, combination therapy with low‐dose cisplatin inhibited neuroblastoma PDX growth. Complementing conventional chemotherapy treatment with PIM/PI3K/mTOR inhibition has the potential to improve clinical outcomes and reduce severe late effects in children with high‐risk neuroblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofie Mohlin
- Division of Pediatrics, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Karin Hansson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Translational Cancer Research, Lund University Cancer Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Katarzyna Radke
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Translational Cancer Research, Lund University Cancer Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Sonia Martinez
- Experimental Therapeutics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Blanco-Apiricio
- Experimental Therapeutics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristian Garcia-Ruiz
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Translational Cancer Research, Lund University Cancer Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Charlotte Welinder
- Division of Oncology and Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Javanshir Esfandyari
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Translational Cancer Research, Lund University Cancer Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Joaquin Pastor
- Experimental Therapeutics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Kristoffer von Stedingk
- Division of Pediatrics, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Department of Oncogenomics, University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Daniel Bexell
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Translational Cancer Research, Lund University Cancer Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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40
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Miao FA, Chu K, Chen HR, Zhang M, Shi PC, Bai J, You YP. Increased DKC1 expression in glioma and its significance in tumor cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Invest New Drugs 2019; 37:1177-1186. [PMID: 30847721 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-019-00748-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The dyskeratosis congenita 1 (DKC1) gene is located on the X chromosome at Xq28. Dyskerin encoded by the DKC1 gene is associated with the formation of certain small RNAs and the telomerase activity. Inherited mutations in DKC1 inactivate the dyskerin and causes dyskeratosis congenital, which is characterized by skin defects, hematopoiesis failure, and increased susceptibility to cancer. DKC1 reportedly up-regulates in several human cancers, including renal cell carcinoma and prostate cancer. Dyskerin is deregulated in B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia and breast carcinomas, but its expression and function in glioma have hardly been investigated. Hence, we were prompted to collect tissue samples and implement cell experiments. Our study reveals that DKC1 expression is significantly increased in the pathological tissues of glioma compared with that in normal tissues. The increased staining of DKC1 is related to the World Health Organization stages of tumors. DKC1 knockdown also significantly inhibits glioma cell growth by altering the expression of cell cycle-relative molecules to arrest at the G1 phase. In the transwell chamber, DKC1 knockdown glioma cells exhibit low motility. Consistent with classic oncogenic pathways, N-cadherin, HIF-1α, and MMP2 expression levels are lower compared with those of the control group. Therefore, DKC1 up-regulation in gliomas is common and necessary for extensive tumor growth. The phenotype of glioma cell lines after DKC1 down-regulation suggests its use as a valuable clinical treatment strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fa-An Miao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211100, Jiangsu Province, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Kun Chu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu Province, China
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, 84 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hai-Rong Chen
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, 84 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Pei-Cong Shi
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, 84 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jin Bai
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, 84 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu Province, China.
- Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Yong-Ping You
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211100, Jiangsu Province, China.
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 221002, Jiangsu Province, China.
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41
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ALK positively regulates MYCN activity through repression of HBP1 expression. Oncogene 2018; 38:2690-2705. [PMID: 30538293 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0595-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
ALK mutations occur in 10% of primary neuroblastomas and represent a major target for precision treatment. In combination with MYCN amplification, ALK mutations infer an ultra-high-risk phenotype resulting in very poor patient prognosis. To open up opportunities for future precision drugging, a deeper understanding of the molecular consequences of constitutive ALK signaling and its relationship to MYCN activity in this aggressive pediatric tumor entity will be essential. We show that mutant ALK downregulates the 'HMG-box transcription factor 1' (HBP1) through the PI3K-AKT-FOXO3a signaling axis. HBP1 inhibits both the transcriptional activating and repressing activity of MYCN, the latter being mediated through PRC2 activity. HBP1 itself is under negative control of MYCN through miR-17~92. Combined targeting of HBP1 by PI3K antagonists and MYCN signaling by BET- or HDAC-inhibitors blocks MYCN activity and significantly reduces tumor growth, suggesting a novel targeted therapy option for high-risk neuroblastoma.
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42
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Vanhauwaert S, Decaesteker B, De Brouwer S, Leonelli C, Durinck K, Mestdagh P, Vandesompele J, Sermon K, Denecker G, Van Neste C, Speleman F, De Preter K. In silico discovery of a FOXM1 driven embryonal signaling pathway in therapy resistant neuroblastoma tumors. Sci Rep 2018; 8:17468. [PMID: 30504901 PMCID: PMC6269481 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-35868-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy resistance is responsible for high mortality rates in neuroblastoma. MYCN, an oncogenic driver in neuroblastoma, controls pluripotency genes including LIN28B. We hypothesized that enhanced embryonic stem cell (ESC) gene regulatory programs could mark tumors with high pluripotency capacity and subsequently increased risk for therapy failure. An ESC miRNA signature was established based on publicly available data. In addition, an ESC mRNA signature was generated including the 500 protein coding genes with the highest positive expression correlation with the ESC miRNA signature score in 200 neuroblastomas. High ESC m(i)RNA expression signature scores were significantly correlated with poor neuroblastoma patient outcome specifically in the subgroup of MYCN amplified tumors and stage 4 nonamplified tumors. Further data-mining identified FOXM1, as the major predicted driver of this ESC signature, controlling a large set of genes implicated in cell cycle control and DNA damage response. Of further interest, re-analysis of published data showed that MYCN transcriptionally activates FOXM1 in neuroblastoma cells. In conclusion, a novel ESC m(i)RNA signature stratifies neuroblastomas with poor prognosis, enabling the identification of therapy-resistant tumors. The finding that this signature is strongly FOXM1 driven, warrants for drug design targeted at FOXM1 or key components controlling this pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne Vanhauwaert
- Center for Medical Genetics (CMGG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bieke Decaesteker
- Center for Medical Genetics (CMGG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sara De Brouwer
- Center for Medical Genetics (CMGG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Carina Leonelli
- Center for Medical Genetics (CMGG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kaat Durinck
- Center for Medical Genetics (CMGG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Pieter Mestdagh
- Center for Medical Genetics (CMGG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jo Vandesompele
- Center for Medical Genetics (CMGG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Karen Sermon
- Research Group Reproduction and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Geertrui Denecker
- Center for Medical Genetics (CMGG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Christophe Van Neste
- Center for Medical Genetics (CMGG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Frank Speleman
- Center for Medical Genetics (CMGG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Katleen De Preter
- Center for Medical Genetics (CMGG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium. .,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
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TBX2 is a neuroblastoma core regulatory circuitry component enhancing MYCN/FOXM1 reactivation of DREAM targets. Nat Commun 2018; 9:4866. [PMID: 30451831 PMCID: PMC6242972 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06699-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromosome 17q gains are almost invariably present in high-risk neuroblastoma cases. Here, we perform an integrative epigenomics search for dosage-sensitive transcription factors on 17q marked by H3K27ac defined super-enhancers and identify TBX2 as top candidate gene. We show that TBX2 is a constituent of the recently established core regulatory circuitry in neuroblastoma with features of a cell identity transcription factor, driving proliferation through activation of p21-DREAM repressed FOXM1 target genes. Combined MYCN/TBX2 knockdown enforces cell growth arrest suggesting that TBX2 enhances MYCN sustained activation of FOXM1 targets. Targeting transcriptional addiction by combined CDK7 and BET bromodomain inhibition shows synergistic effects on cell viability with strong repressive effects on CRC gene expression and p53 pathway response as well as several genes implicated in transcriptional regulation. In conclusion, we provide insight into the role of the TBX2 CRC gene in transcriptional dependency of neuroblastoma cells warranting clinical trials using BET and CDK7 inhibitors. In high-risk neuroblastoma cases, gains in chromosome 17q are common. Here, the authors investigate the epigenomics and transcriptomics of neuroblastoma, identifying TBX2 as a core regulatory circuitry component enhancing the reactivation of DREAM targets by MYCN/FOXM1.
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Spel L, Schiepers A, Boes M. NFκB and MHC-1 Interplay in Neuroblastoma and Immunotherapy. Trends Cancer 2018; 4:715-717. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2018.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Enhanced expression of MycN/CIP2A drives neural crest toward a neural stem cell-like fate: Implications for priming of neuroblastoma. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:E7351-E7360. [PMID: 30021854 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1800039115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is a neural crest-derived childhood tumor of the peripheral nervous system in which MycN amplification is a hallmark of poor prognosis. Here we show that MycN is expressed together with phosphorylation-stabilizing factor CIP2A in regions of the neural plate destined to form the CNS, but MycN is excluded from the neighboring neural crest stem cell domain. Interestingly, ectopic expression of MycN or CIP2A in the neural crest domain biases cells toward CNS-like neural stem cells that express Sox2. Consistent with this, some forms of neuroblastoma have been shown to share transcriptional resemblance with CNS neural stem cells. As high MycN/CIP2A levels correlate with poor prognosis, we posit that a MycN/CIP2A-mediated cell-fate bias may reflect a possible mechanism underlying early priming of some aggressive forms of neuroblastoma. In contrast to MycN, its paralogue cMyc is normally expressed in the neural crest stem cell domain and typically is associated with better overall survival in clinical neuroblastoma, perhaps reflecting a more "normal" neural crest-like state. These data suggest that priming for some forms of aggressive neuroblastoma may occur before neural crest emigration from the CNS and well before sympathoadrenal specification.
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Myc, Oncogenic Protein Translation, and the Role of Polyamines. Med Sci (Basel) 2018; 6:medsci6020041. [PMID: 29799508 PMCID: PMC6024823 DOI: 10.3390/medsci6020041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 05/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Deregulated protein synthesis is a common feature of cancer cells, with many oncogenic signaling pathways directly augmenting protein translation to support the biomass needs of proliferating tissues. MYC’s ability to drive oncogenesis is a consequence of its essential role as a governor linking cell cycle entry with the requisite increase in protein synthetic capacity, among other biomass needs. To date, direct pharmacologic inhibition of MYC has proven difficult, but targeting oncogenic signaling modules downstream of MYC, such as the protein synthetic machinery, may provide a viable therapeutic strategy. Polyamines are essential cations found in nearly all living organisms that have both direct and indirect roles in the control of protein synthesis. Polyamine metabolism is coordinately regulated by MYC to increase polyamines in proliferative tissues, and this is further augmented in the many cancer cells harboring hyperactivated MYC. In this review, we discuss MYC-driven regulation of polyamines and protein synthetic capacity as a key function of its oncogenic output, and how this dependency may be perturbed through direct pharmacologic targeting of components of the protein synthetic machinery, such as the polyamines themselves, the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4F (eIF4F) complex, and the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A (eIF5A).
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Fielitz K, Althoff K, De Preter K, Nonnekens J, Ohli J, Elges S, Hartmann W, Klöppel G, Knösel T, Schulte M, Klein-Hitpass L, Beisser D, Reis H, Eyking A, Cario E, Schulte JH, Schramm A, Schüller U. Characterization of pancreatic glucagon-producing tumors and pituitary gland tumors in transgenic mice overexpressing MYCN in hGFAP-positive cells. Oncotarget 2018; 7:74415-74426. [PMID: 27769070 PMCID: PMC5342675 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Amplification or overexpression of MYCN is involved in development and maintenance of multiple malignancies. A subset of these tumors originates from neural precursors, including the most aggressive forms of the childhood tumors, neuroblastoma and medulloblastoma. In order to model the spectrum of MYCN-driven neoplasms in mice, we transgenically overexpressed MYCN under the control of the human GFAP-promoter that, among other targets, drives expression in neural progenitor cells. However, LSL-MYCN;hGFAP-Cre double transgenic mice did neither develop neural crest tumors nor tumors of the central nervous system, but presented with neuroendocrine tumors of the pancreas and, less frequently, the pituitary gland. Pituitary tumors expressed chromogranin A and closely resembled human pituitary adenomas. Pancreatic tumors strongly produced and secreted glucagon, suggesting that they derived from glucagon- and GFAP-positive islet cells. Interestingly, 3 out of 9 human pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors expressed MYCN, supporting the similarity of the mouse tumors to the human system. Serial transplantations of mouse tumor cells into immunocompromised mice confirmed their fully transformed phenotype. MYCN-directed treatment by AuroraA- or Brd4-inhibitors resulted in significantly decreased cell proliferation in vitro and reduced tumor growth in vivo. In summary, we provide a novel mouse model for neuroendocrine tumors of the pancreas and pituitary gland that is dependent on MYCN expression and that may help to evaluate MYCN-directed therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Fielitz
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, University Children's Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Kristina Althoff
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, University Children's Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Katleen De Preter
- Centre for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Julie Nonnekens
- Genetics and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jasmin Ohli
- Center for Neuropathology, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - Sandra Elges
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital, Münster, Germany
| | | | - Günter Klöppel
- Department of Pathology, Technical University, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Knösel
- Department of Pathology, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - Marc Schulte
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, University Children's Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Ludger Klein-Hitpass
- Cell Biology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Daniela Beisser
- Genome Informatics, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Henning Reis
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Annette Eyking
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Elke Cario
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Johannes H Schulte
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexander Schramm
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, University Children's Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Ulrich Schüller
- Center for Neuropathology, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,Research Institute Childrens Cancer Center, Hamburg, Germany.,Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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48
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MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma maintains an aggressive and undifferentiated phenotype by deregulation of estrogen and NGF signaling. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:E1229-E1238. [PMID: 29374092 PMCID: PMC5819392 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1710901115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
High-risk neuroblastoma (NB), a cancer of the sympathetic nervous system, is challenging to treat. MYCN is frequently amplified in high-risk NB and is linked to an undifferentiated phenotype and poor prognosis. Estrogen and nerve growth factor (NGF) are inducers of neural differentiation, a process associated with a favorable disease. We show that MYCN suppresses estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and thereby NGF signaling and neural differentiation. ERα overexpression is sufficient to interfere with different tumorigenic processes and tumor growth. In patients with NB, ERα expression correlates with several clinical markers for good prognosis. Importantly, not only ERα but also the majority of other nuclear hormone receptors are linked to favorable NB, suggesting a potential prognostic and therapeutic value for these proteins. Neuroblastoma (NB) is a remarkably heterogenic childhood tumor of the sympathetic nervous system with clinical behavior ranging from spontaneous regression to poorly differentiated tumors and metastasis. MYCN is amplified in 20% of cases and correlates with an undifferentiated, aggressive phenotype and poor prognosis. Estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and the nerve growth factor (NGF) receptors TrkA and p75NTR are involved in neuronal differentiation and survival. We have previously shown that MYCN, via miR-18a, targets ERα in NB cells. Here, we demonstrate that interference with miR-18a or overexpression of ERα is sufficient to induce NGF signaling and to modulate both basal and NGF-induced neuronal differentiation in MYCN-amplified NB cells. Proteomic analysis confirmed an increase of neuronal features and showed that processes linked to tumor initiation and progression were inhibited upon ERα overexpression. Indeed, ectopic ERα expression was sufficient to inhibit metabolic activity and tumorigenic processes, including glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, cell viability, migration, and anchorage independent growth. Importantly, ERα overexpression reduced tumor burden in NB mouse models and high ERα levels were linked to improved survival in patients. In addition to ERα, several other nuclear hormone receptors (NHRs), including the glucocorticoid and the retinoic acid receptors, correlated with clinical markers for favorable and low-stage NB disease. Our data suggest that MYCN targets ERα and thereby NGF signaling to maintain an undifferentiated and aggressive phenotype. Notably, we identified the estrogen–NGF crosstalk, as well as a set of other NHRs, as potential prognostic markers and targets for therapeutic strategies against NB.
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49
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Refined control of cell stemness allowed animal evolution in the oxic realm. Nat Ecol Evol 2018; 2:220-228. [DOI: 10.1038/s41559-017-0410-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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50
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Kerosuo L, Bronner ME. cMyc Regulates the Size of the Premigratory Neural Crest Stem Cell Pool. Cell Rep 2017; 17:2648-2659. [PMID: 27926868 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Revised: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The neural crest is a transient embryonic population that originates within the central nervous system (CNS) and then migrates into the periphery and differentiates into multiple cell types. The mechanisms that govern neural crest stem-like characteristics and self-renewal ability are poorly understood. Here, we show that the proto-oncogene cMyc is a critical factor in the chick dorsal neural tube, where it regulates the size of the premigratory neural crest stem cell pool. Loss of cMyc dramatically decreases the number of emigrating neural crest cells due to reduced self-renewal capacity, increased cell death, and shorter duration of the emigration process. Interestingly, rather than via E-Box binding, cMyc acts in the dorsal neural tube by interacting with another transcription factor, Miz1, to promote self-renewal. The finding that cMyc operates in a non-canonical manner in the premigratory neural crest highlights the importance of examining its role at specific time points and in an in vivo context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Kerosuo
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Marianne E Bronner
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
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