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Bayhan H, Dogan S, Yilmaz Kardas B, Diken ME, Dirmenci T, Celikler S. Comprehensive antigenotoxic profile of endemic Cirsium steriolepis Petrak extracts against hydrogen peroxide induced toxicity. Food Sci Biotechnol 2024; 33:3131-3152. [PMID: 39220321 PMCID: PMC11364836 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-024-01555-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Cyto/genotoxicity have been widespread utilized for the safety risk assessment of synthetic/natural chemicals. Plants can protect organisms from harmful effects of xenobiotics. On the other hand, plants can extract toxic molecules from the environment which may disrupt mitosis and cytokinesis. However, the precise role of Cirsium steriolepis during this process is unknown. We showed that steriolepis didn't cause cyto/genotoxicity. Findings showed powerful inhibition in micronucleus formation and they are safe for healthy human lymphocytes in terms of their capacity to generate chromosomal aberrations. They caused significant increases in sister chromatid exchange (SCE) compared to control but they were able to decrease SCE frequency caused by H2O2. Additionally, the antibacterial efficiencies of the samples against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were up to 50% of the effectivity of penicillin/streptomycin. Steriolepis was able to protect the organism from the oxidative damage and didn't affect the normal developmental phases of Drosophila melanogaster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamza Bayhan
- Present Address: Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Bahcesehir University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Serap Dogan
- Present Address: Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Literature, Balikesir University, Balikesir, Turkey
| | - Begumhan Yilmaz Kardas
- Present Address: Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Literature, Balikesir University, Balikesir, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Emin Diken
- Present Address: Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Literature, Balikesir University, Balikesir, Turkey
| | - Tuncay Dirmenci
- Present Address: Department of Biology Education, Necatibey Faculty of Education, Balikesir University, Balikesir, Turkey
| | - Serap Celikler
- Present Address: Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Literature, Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
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Guo YA, Si FL, Han BZ, Qiao L, Chen B. Identification and functional validation of P450 genes associated with pyrethroid resistance in the malaria vector Anopheles sinensis (Diptera Culicidae). Acta Trop 2024:107413. [PMID: 39343287 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2024] [Revised: 09/26/2024] [Accepted: 09/26/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s), a multifunctional protein superfamily, are one of three major classes of detoxification enzymes. However, the diversity and functions of P450 genes from pyrethroid-resistant populations of Anopheles sinensis have not been fully explored. In this study, P450 genes associated with pyrethroid resistance were systematically screened using RNA-seq in three field pyrethroid-resistant populations (AH-FR, CQ-FR, YN-FR) and one laboratory resistant strain (WX-LR) at developmental stages, tissues, and post blood-meal in comparison to the laboratory susceptible strain (WX-LS) in An. sinensis. Importantly, the expression of significantly upregulated P450s was verified using RT-qPCR, and the function of selected P450s in pyrethroid detoxification was determined with RNA interference using four laboratory pyrethroid-resistant strains (WX-LR, AH-LR, CQ-LR, YN-LR). Sixteen P450 genes were significantly upregulated in at least one field-resistant population, and 44 were significantly upregulated in different developmental stages, tissues or post blood-meal. A total of 19 P450s were selected to verify their association with pyrethroid resistance, and four of them (AsCYP6P3v1, AsCYP6P3v2, AsCYP9J10, and AsCYP9K1) demonstrated significant upregulation in laboratory pyrethroid-resistant strains using RT-qPCR. Knockdown of these four genes all significantly reduced pyrethroid resistance and increased the mortality by 57.19% (AsCYP6P3v1 and AsCYP6P3v2 knockdown group), 38.39% (AsCYP9K1 knockdown group) and 48.87% (AsCYP9J10 knockdown group) in An. sinensis by RNAi, which determined the pyrethroid detoxification function of these four genes. This study revealed the diversity of P450 genes and provided functional evidence for four P450s in pyrethroid detoxification in An. sinensis for the first time, which increases our understanding of the pyrethroid resistance mechanism, and is of potential value for pyrethroid resistance detection and surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Ao Guo
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vector Control and Utilization; Institute of Entomology and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China.
| | - Feng-Ling Si
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vector Control and Utilization; Institute of Entomology and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China.
| | - Bao-Zhu Han
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vector Control and Utilization; Institute of Entomology and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China.
| | - Liang Qiao
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vector Control and Utilization; Institute of Entomology and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China.
| | - Bin Chen
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vector Control and Utilization; Institute of Entomology and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China.
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Naseer A, Singh VV, Sellamuthu G, Synek J, Mogilicherla K, Kokoska L, Roy A. Insights into the Detoxification of Spruce Monoterpenes by the Eurasian Spruce Bark Beetle. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:10209. [PMID: 39337695 PMCID: PMC11432361 DOI: 10.3390/ijms251810209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2024] [Revised: 09/16/2024] [Accepted: 09/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Plant defence mechanisms, including physical barriers like toughened bark and chemical defences like allelochemicals, are essential for protecting them against pests. Trees allocate non-structural carbohydrates (NSCs) to produce secondary metabolites like monoterpenes, which increase during biotic stress to fend off pests like the Eurasian spruce bark beetle, ESBB (Ips typographus). Despite these defences, the ESBB infests Norway spruce, causing significant ecological damage by exploiting weakened trees and using pheromones for aggregation. However, the mechanism of sensing and resistance towards host allelochemicals in ESBB is poorly understood. We hypothesised that the exposure of ESBB to spruce allelochemicals, especially monoterpenes, leads to an upsurge in the important detoxification genes like P450s, GSTs, UGTs, and transporters, and at the same time, genes responsible for development must be compromised. The current study demonstrates that exposure to monoterpenes like R-limonene and sabiene effectively elevated detoxification enzyme activities. The differential gene expression (DGE) analysis revealed 294 differentially expressed (DE) detoxification genes in response to R-limonene and 426 DE detoxification genes in response to sabiene treatments, with 209 common genes between the treatments. Amongst these, genes from the cytochrome P450 family 4 and 6 genes (CP4 and CP6), esterases, glutathione S-transferases family 1 (GSTT1), UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B genes (UDB), and glucose synthesis-related dehydrogenases were highly upregulated. We further validated 19 genes using RT-qPCR. Additionally, we observed similar high expression levels of detoxification genes across different monoterpene treatments, including myrcene and α-pinene, suggesting a conserved detoxification mechanism in ESBB, which demands further investigation. These findings highlight the potential for molecular target-based beetle management strategies targeting these key detoxification genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisha Naseer
- Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Praha-Suchdol, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vivek Vikram Singh
- Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Praha-Suchdol, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Forest Ecology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Štúrova 2, 960 53 Zvolen, Slovakia
| | - Gothandapani Sellamuthu
- Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Praha-Suchdol, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Synek
- Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Praha-Suchdol, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Kanakachari Mogilicherla
- Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Praha-Suchdol, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research (IIRR), Rajendra Nagar, Hyderabad 500030, Telangana, India
| | - Ladislav Kokoska
- Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Praha-Suchdol, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Amit Roy
- Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Praha-Suchdol, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic
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Rahila K, Shibu Vardhanan Y. Comparative transcriptome profiling of two pesticides, Acephate and Chlorantraniliprole in non-targeted insect model, Drosophila melanogaster. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 203:106023. [PMID: 39084782 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2024.106023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Acephate and chlorantraniliprole are two insecticides widely used in agricultural applications. Several studies were focused on the mode of action and related biological and cellular level expressions. However, the sub-lethal dose and related molecular expression level of acephate and chlorantraniliprole have not been evaluated or studied to the same degree. In this study, we investigated the sub-lethal toxicity of acephate and chlorantraniliprole in Drosophila melanogaster. The EC50 value was recorded with high difference, and is found to be 1.9 μg/ml and 0.029 μg/ml respectively for acephate and chlorantraniliprole, the difference is simply because of the different modes of action. The 1/5th EC50 concentration was selected for studying the pesticide induced transcriptomics in D. melanogaster. Both pesticides significantly altered the expression profile of several transcripts which are involved in proteolysis, detoxification, chromosome associated proteins and immune response genes and so on. The effect of both pesticides on D. melanogaster was further explored by screening the genes involved in toxicity, which were analyzed using, GO and KEGG pathways. The results revealed that the sub-lethal exposure of both pesticides caused significant changes in the global gene transcription profiles and each pesticide had their unique mode of alteration in the D. melanogaster.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Rahila
- Biochemistry & Toxicology Division, Department of Zoology, University of Calicut, Malappuram, Kerala 673 635, India.
| | - Y Shibu Vardhanan
- Biochemistry & Toxicology Division, Department of Zoology, University of Calicut, Malappuram, Kerala 673 635, India.
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Samano A, Kumar N, Liao Y, Ishtiaq F, Chakraborty M. Genome structural variants shape adaptive success of an invasive urban malaria vector Anopheles stephensi. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.07.29.605641. [PMID: 39211149 PMCID: PMC11360885 DOI: 10.1101/2024.07.29.605641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Global changes are associated with the emergence of several invasive species. However, the genomic determinants of the adaptive success of an invasive species in a new environment remain poorly understood. Genomic structural variants (SVs), consisting of copy number variants, play an important role in adaptation. SVs often cause large adaptive shifts in ecologically important traits, which makes SVs compelling candidates for driving rapid adaptations to environmental changes, which is critical to invasive success. To address this problem, we investigated the role SVs play in the adaptive success of Anopheles stephensi , a primary vector of urban malaria in South Asia and an invasive malaria vector in several South Asian islands and Africa. We collected whole genome sequencing data from 115 mosquitoes from invasive island populations and four locations from mainland India, an ancestral range for the species. We identified 2,988 duplication copy number variants and 16,038 deletions in these strains, with ∼50% overlapping genes. SVs are enriched in genomic regions with signatures of selective sweeps in the mainland and invasive island populations, implying a putative adaptive role of SVs. Nearly all high-frequency SVs, including the candidate adaptive variants, in the invasive island populations are present on the mainland, suggesting a major contribution of existing variation to the success of the island populations. Among the candidate adaptive SVs, three duplications involving toxin-resistance genes evolved, likely due to the widespread application of insecticides in India since the 1950s. We also identify two SVs associated with the adaptation of An. stephensi larvae to brackish water in the island and two coastal mainland populations, where the mutations likely originated. Our results suggest that existing SVs play a vital role in the evolutionary success of An. stephensi in new environmental conditions.
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Zhang X, Liu M, Cheng A, Moussian B, Zhang J, Dong W. Role of CYP311A1 in wing development of Drosophila melanogaster. INSECT SCIENCE 2024; 31:748-758. [PMID: 38445520 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.13342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Lipid homeostasis is crucial for growth and development of organisms. Several cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (CYPs) are involved in lipid metabolism. The function of Cyp311a1 in the anterior midgut as a regulator of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) metabolism in Drosophila melanogaster has been demonstrated, as depletion of Cyp311a1 caused larval growth arrest that was partially rescued by supplying PE. In this study, we investigated the role of CYP311A1 in wing morphogenesis in Drosophila. Using the GAL4-UAS system, Cyp311a1 was selectively knocked down in the wing disc. A deformed wing phenotype was observed in flies with reduced Cyp311a1 transcripts. BODIPY and oil red O staining revealed a reduction of neutral lipids in the wing disc after the depletion of Cyp311a1. In addition, we observed an enhanced sensitivity to Eosin Y penetration in the wings of Cyp311a1 knocked-down flies. Moreover, the reduction of CYP311A1 function in developing wings does not affect cell proliferation and apoptosis, but entails disordered Phalloidin or Cadherin distribution, suggesting an abnormal cell morphology and cell cortex structure in wing epithelial cells. Taken together, our results suggest that Cyp311a1 is needed for wing morphogenesis by participating in lipid assembly and cell homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xubo Zhang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Nucleic Acid Biopesticides, Institute of Applied Biology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Mengqi Liu
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Nucleic Acid Biopesticides, Institute of Applied Biology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- College of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Andi Cheng
- College of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Bernard Moussian
- INRAE, CNRS, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, Sophia Antipolis, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - Jianzhen Zhang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Nucleic Acid Biopesticides, Institute of Applied Biology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Wei Dong
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Nucleic Acid Biopesticides, Institute of Applied Biology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
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Zhou X, Yuan H, Ye N, Rong C, Li Y, Jiang X, Cao H, Huang Y. CYP4G subfamily genes mediate larval integument development in Spodoptera frugiperda. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2024:toae115. [PMID: 38783401 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toae115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 (CYP) 4G subfamily is closely related to the synthesis of cuticular hydrocarbons, leading to the enhanced desiccation and insecticide resistance of pests. However, functions of CYP4Gs in larval integument development remain unknown in Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), which is a major transboundary migratory pest and become a common pest in China. On the basis of the genome and transcriptome datasets of S. frugiperda, CYP4G74, CYP4G75, CYP4G108, and CYP4G109 were identified, which contained the conserved domains of P450s and CYP4Gs. The spatial and temporal expression analysis showed that CYP4G74 and CYP4G75 were significantly highly expressed in adults and larval integuments, while CYP4G108 and CYP4G109 had low expressions in larval integuments. After silencing CYP4G74 and CYP4G75 by RNA interference, abnormal integument development occurred in larvae, some of which became smaller and dead, indicating important roles of CYP4G74 and CYP4G75 in the synthesis and development of integuments. The results clarify the functions of CYP4Gs in S. frugiperda and provide potential targets for the control of this pest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Quality and Biosafety (Ministry of Education), Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Hao Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Quality and Biosafety (Ministry of Education), Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Nuojun Ye
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Changfeng Rong
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Yiyu Li
- Institute of New Rural Development, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Xingchuan Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Quality and Biosafety (Ministry of Education), Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Haiqun Cao
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Quality and Biosafety (Ministry of Education), Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Yong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Quality and Biosafety (Ministry of Education), Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
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Jia Q, Yang L, Wen J, Liu S, Wen D, Luo W, Wang W, Palli SR, Sheng L. Cyp6g2 is the major P450 epoxidase responsible for juvenile hormone biosynthesis in Drosophila melanogaster. BMC Biol 2024; 22:111. [PMID: 38741075 PMCID: PMC11092216 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-024-01910-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Juvenile hormones (JH) play crucial role in regulating development and reproduction in insects. The most common form of JH is JH III, derived from MF through epoxidation by CYP15 enzymes. However, in the higher dipterans, such as the fruitfly, Drosophila melanogaster, a bis-epoxide form of JHB3, accounted most of the JH detected. Moreover, these higher dipterans have lost the CYP15 gene from their genomes. As a result, the identity of the P450 epoxidase in the JH biosynthesis pathway in higher dipterans remains unknown. RESULTS In this study, we show that Cyp6g2 serves as the major JH epoxidase responsible for the biosynthesis of JHB3 and JH III in D. melanogaster. The Cyp6g2 is predominantly expressed in the corpus allatum (CA), concurring with the expression pattern of jhamt, another well-studied gene that is crucial in the last steps of JH biosynthesis. Mutation in Cyp6g2 leads to severe disruptions in larval-pupal metamorphosis and exhibits reproductive deficiencies, exceeding those seen in jhamt mutants. Notably, Cyp6g2-/-::jhamt2 double mutants all died at the pupal stage but could be rescued through the topical application of JH analogs. JH titer analyses revealed that both Cyp6g2-/- mutant and jhamt2 mutant lacking JHB3 and JH III, while overexpression of Cyp6g2 or jhamt caused a significant increase in JHB3 and JH III titer. CONCLUSIONS These findings collectively established that Cyp6g2 as the major JH epoxidase in the higher dipterans and laid the groundwork for the further understanding of JH biosynthesis. Moreover, these findings pave the way for developing specific Cyp6g2 inhibitors as insect growth regulators or insecticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiangqiang Jia
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology & School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangmeiyuan R&D Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, South China Normal University, Meizhou, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology & School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiamin Wen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology & School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Suning Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology & School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangmeiyuan R&D Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, South China Normal University, Meizhou, China
| | - Di Wen
- College of Biological Science and Agriculture, Qiannan Normal University for Nationalities, Duyuan, 558000, China
| | - Wei Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology & School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangmeiyuan R&D Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, South China Normal University, Meizhou, China
| | - Weihua Wang
- Center of Pharmaceutical Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Subba Reddy Palli
- Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40546, USA
| | - Li Sheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology & School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China.
- Guangmeiyuan R&D Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, South China Normal University, Meizhou, China.
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Wang A, Zhang Y, Liu S, Xue C, Zhao Y, Zhao M, Yang Y, Zhang J. Molecular mechanisms of cytochrome P450-mediated detoxification of tetraniliprole, spinetoram, and emamectin benzoate in the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith). BULLETIN OF ENTOMOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2024:1-13. [PMID: 38563228 DOI: 10.1017/s000748532300038x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
The fall armyworm (FAW) Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) is a highly damaging invasive omnivorous pest that has developed varying degrees of resistance to commonly used insecticides. To investigate the molecular mechanisms of tolerance to tetraniliprole, spinetoram, and emamectin benzoate, the enzyme activity, synergistic effect, and RNA interference were implemented in S. frugiperda. The functions of cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (P450) in the tolerance to tetraniliprole, spinetoram, and emamectin benzoate in S. frugiperda was determined by analysing changes in detoxification metabolic enzyme activity and the effects of enzyme inhibitors on susceptibility to the three insecticides. 102 P450 genes were screened via transcriptome and genome, of which 67 P450 genes were differentially expressed in response to tetraniliprole, spinetoram, and emamectin benzoate and validated by quantitative real-time PCR. The expression patterns of CYP9A75, CYP340AA4, CYP340AX8v2, CYP340L16, CYP341B15v2, and CYP341B17v2 were analysed in different tissues and at different developmental stages in S. frugiperda. Silencing CYP340L16 significantly increased the susceptibility of S. frugiperda to tetraniliprole, spinetoram, and emamectin benzoate. Furthermore, knockdown of CYP340AX8v2, CYP9A75, and CYP341B17v2 significantly increased the sensitivity of S. frugiperda to tetraniliprole. Knockdown of CYP340AX8v2 and CYP340AA4 significantly increased mortality of S. frugiperda to spinetoram. Knockdown of CYP9A75 and CYP341B15v2 significantly increased the susceptibility of S. frugiperda to emamectin benzoate. These results may help to elucidate the mechanisms of tolerance to tetraniliprole, spinetoram and emamectin benzoate in S. frugiperda.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiyu Wang
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
- Yellow River Delta Modern Agriculture Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Dongying, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
- Yellow River Delta Modern Agriculture Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Dongying, China
| | - Shaofang Liu
- Key Lab of Bioprocess Engineering of Jiangxi Province, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Chao Xue
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Yongxin Zhao
- Shandong Province Yuncheng County Agricultural and Rural Bureau, Yuncheng, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
- Yellow River Delta Modern Agriculture Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Dongying, China
| | - Yuanxue Yang
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
- Yellow River Delta Modern Agriculture Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Dongying, China
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
- Yellow River Delta Modern Agriculture Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Dongying, China
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Kefi M, Konstantinos P, Balabanidou V, Sarafoglou C, Tsakireli D, Douris V, Monastirioti M, Maréchal JD, Feyereisen R, Vontas J. Insights into unique features of Drosophila CYP4G enzymes. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 164:104041. [PMID: 38008364 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2023.104041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
The cytochrome P450 enzymes of the CYP4G subfamily are some of the most intriguing insect P450s in terms of structure and function. In Drosophila, CYP4G1 is highly expressed in the oenocytes and is the last enzyme in the biosynthesis of cuticular hydrocarbons, while CYP4G15 is expressed in the brain and is of unknown function. Both proteins have a CYP4G-specific and characteristic amino acid sequence insertion corresponding to a loop between the G and H helices whose function is unclear. Here we address these enigmatic structural and functional features of Drosophila CYP4Gs. First, we used reverse genetics to generate D. melanogaster strains in which all or part of the CYP4G-specific loop was removed from CYP4G1. We showed that the full loop was not needed for proper folding of the P450, but it is essential for function, and that just a short stretch of six amino acids is required for the enzyme's ability to make hydrocarbons. Second, we confirmed by immunocytochemistry that CYP4G15 is expressed in the brain and showed that it is specifically associated with the cortex glia cell subtype. We then expressed CYP4G15 ectopically in oenocytes, revealing that it can produce of a blend of hydrocarbons, albeit to quantitatively lower levels resulting in only a partial rescue of CYP4G1 knockdown flies. The CYP4G1 structural variants studied here should facilitate the biochemical characterization of CYP4G enzymes. Our results also raise the question of the putative role of hydrocarbons and their synthesis by cortex glial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Kefi
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, Vassilika Vouton, 70013, Heraklion, Greece; Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Nikolaou Plastira Street 100, 70013, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Parasyris Konstantinos
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, Vassilika Vouton, 70013, Heraklion, Greece; Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Nikolaou Plastira Street 100, 70013, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Vasileia Balabanidou
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Nikolaou Plastira Street 100, 70013, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Chara Sarafoglou
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, Vassilika Vouton, 70013, Heraklion, Greece; Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Nikolaou Plastira Street 100, 70013, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Dimitra Tsakireli
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Nikolaou Plastira Street 100, 70013, Heraklion, Greece; Pesticide Science Laboratory, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Greece
| | - Vassilis Douris
- Department of Biological Applications and Technology, University of Ioannina, 45110, Ioannina, Greece; Biomedical Research Institute (BRI), Foundation for Research and Technology (FORTH), University Campus, 451 10, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Maria Monastirioti
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Nikolaou Plastira Street 100, 70013, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Jean-Didier Maréchal
- Departament de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Edifici C.n., Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - René Feyereisen
- Laboratory of Agrozoology, Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Belgium.
| | - John Vontas
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Nikolaou Plastira Street 100, 70013, Heraklion, Greece; Pesticide Science Laboratory, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Greece.
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11
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Qu S, Zhou X, Wang Z, Wei Y, Zhou H, Zhang X, Zhu Q, Wang Y, Yang Q, Jiang L, Ma Y, Gao Y, Kong L, Zhang L. The effects of methylphenidate and atomoxetine on Drosophila brain at single-cell resolution and potential drug repurposing for ADHD treatment. Mol Psychiatry 2024; 29:165-185. [PMID: 37957291 PMCID: PMC11078728 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02314-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
The stimulant methylphenidate (MPH) and the non-stimulant atomoxetine (ATX) are frequently used for the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD); however, the function of these drugs in different types of brain cells and their effects on related genes remain largely unknown. To address these questions, we built a pipeline for the simultaneous examination of the activity behavior and transcriptional responses of Drosophila melanogaster at single-cell resolution following drug treatment. We selected the Drosophila with significantly increased locomotor activities (hyperactivity-like behavior) following the administration of each drug in comparison with the control (same food as the drug-treated groups with 5% sucrose, yeast, and blue food dye solution) using EasyFlyTracker. Subsequently, single cell RNA sequencing (scRNASEQ) was used to capture the transcriptome of 82,917 cells, unsupervised clustering analysis of which yielded 28 primary cell clusters representing the major cell types in adult Drosophila brain. Indeed, both neuronal and glial cells responded to MPH and ATX. Further analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) revealed distinct transcriptional changes associated with these two drugs, such as two well-studied dopamine receptor genes (Dop2R and DopEcR) were responsive to MPH but not to ATX at their optimal doses, in addition to genes involved in dopamine metabolism pathways such as Syt1, Sytalpha, Syt7, and Ih in different cell types. More importantly, MPH also suppressed the expression of genes encoding other neurotransmitter receptors and synaptic signaling molecules in many cell types, especially those for Glu and GABA, while the responsive effects of ATX were much weaker. In addition to monoaminergic neuronal transmitters, other neurotransmitters have also shown a similar pattern with respect to a stronger effect associated with MPH than with ATX. Moreover, we identified four distinct glial cell subtypes responsive to the two drugs and detected a greater number of differentially expressed genes associated with ensheathing and astrocyte-like glia. Furthermore, our study provides a rich resource of candidate target genes, supported by drug set enrichment analysis (P = 2.10E-4; hypergeometric test), for the further exploration of drug repurposing. The whole list of candidates can be found at ADHDrug ( http://adhdrug.cibr.ac.cn/ ). In conclusion, we propose a fast and cost-efficient pipeline to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms of ADHD drug treatment in Drosophila brain at single-cell resolution, which may further facilitate drug repurposing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susu Qu
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China.
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China.
| | - Xiangyu Zhou
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
| | - Zhicheng Wang
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Wei
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
| | - Han Zhou
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
| | | | - Qingjie Zhu
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
| | - Yanmin Wang
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
| | - Quanjun Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Likun Jiang
- Department of Computer Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yuan Ma
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Kong
- Center for Bioinformatics, State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China.
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12
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Ding Y, Lv Y, Pan Y, Li J, Yan K, Yu Z, Shang Q. A masked gene concealed hand in glove in the forkhead protein crocodile regulates the predominant detoxification CYP6DA1 in Aphis gossypii Glover. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126824. [PMID: 37690634 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450-mediated metabolism is an important mechanism of insecticide resistance, most studies show upregulated transcript levels of P450s in resistant insect strains. Our previous studies illustrated that some upregulated P450s were associated with cyantraniliprole resistance, and it is more comprehensive to use the tissue specificity of transcriptomes to compare resistant (CyR) and susceptible (SS) strains. In this study, the expression profiles of P450s in a CyR strain compared with a SS strain in remaining carcass or midgut were investigated by RNA sequencing, and candidate genes were selected for functional study. Drosophila melanogaster bioassays suggested that ectopic overexpression of CYP4CK1, CYP6CY5, CYP6CY9, CYP6CY19, CYP6CZ1 and CYP6DA1 in flies was sufficient to confer cyantraniliprole resistance, among which CYP6DA1 was the predominant contributor to resistance (12.24-fold). RNAi suppression of CYP4CK1, CYP6CY5, CYP6CY9 and CYP6DA1 significantly increased CyR aphid sensitivity to cyantraniliprole. The CYP6DA1 promoter had two predicted binding sites for crocodile (CROC), an intron-free ORF with bidirectional transcription yielding CROC (+) and CROC (-). Y1H, RNAi and EMSA found that CROC (-) was a transcription factor directly regulating CYP6DA1 expression. In conclusion, P450 genes contribute to cyantraniliprole resistance, and the transcription factor CROC (-) regulates the expression of CYP6DA1 in A. gossypii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Ding
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China
| | - Yuntong Lv
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China
| | - Yiou Pan
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China
| | - Jianyi Li
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China
| | - Kunpeng Yan
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China
| | - Zihan Yu
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China
| | - Qingli Shang
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China.
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13
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Wu T, Gao J, Choi YS, Kim DW, Han B, Yang S, Lu Y, Kang Y, Du H, Diao Q, Dai P. Interaction of chlorothalonil and Varroa destructor on immature honey bees rearing in vitro. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 904:166302. [PMID: 37595923 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
Under realistic environmental conditions, bees are often exposed to multiple stressors, especially Varroa destructor and pesticides. In this study, the effects of exposure to NOAEC of chlorothalonil during the larval stage, in the presence or absence of V. destructor, was examined in terms of survival, morphological and transcriptional changes. The interaction between chlorothalonil and V. destructor on the survival of honey bee was additive. V. destructor are the dominant factor in the interaction for survival and transcriptome alternation. The downregulation of the genes related to tissue growth and caste differentiation may directly link to the mortality of honey bees. Either chlorothalonil or V. destructor induces the irregular morphology of trophocytes and oenocytes in the fat body. In addition to irregular shapes, oenocytes in V. destructor alone and double-stressor treatment group showed altered nuclei and vacuoles in the cytoplasm. The interaction of V. destructor and chlorothalonil at the larval stage have potential adverse effects on the subsequent adult bees, with up-regulation of genes involved in lipid metabolism and detoxification/defense in fat body tissue. Our findings provide a comprehensive understanding of combinatorial effects between biotic and abiotic stressors on one of the most important pollinators, honey bees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jing Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Yong Soo Choi
- Department of Agricultural Biology, National Institute of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Won Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biology, National Institute of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo Han
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Sa Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ying Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; Key Laboratory of Northern Urban Agriculture of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Bioscience and Resource Environment, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yuxin Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Hanchao Du
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qingyun Diao
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Pingli Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
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14
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Bilska B, Damulewicz M, Abaquita TAL, Pyza E. Changes in heme oxygenase level during development affect the adult life of Drosophila melanogaster. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1239101. [PMID: 37876913 PMCID: PMC10591093 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1239101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Heme oxygenase (HO) has been shown to control various cellular processes in both mammals and Drosophila melanogaster. Here, we investigated how changes in HO levels in neurons and glial cells during development affect adult flies, by using the TARGET Drosophila system to manipulate the expression of the ho gene. The obtained data showed differences in adult survival, maximum lifespan, climbing, locomotor activity, and sleep, which depended on the level of HO (after ho up-regulation or downregulation), the timing of expression (chronic or at specific developmental stages), cell types (neurons or glia), sex (males or females), and age of flies. In addition to ho, the effects of changing the mRNA level of the Drosophila CNC factor gene (NRF2 homolog in mammals and master regulator of HO), were also examined to compare with those observed after changing ho expression. We showed that HO levels in neurons and glia must be maintained at an appropriate physiological level during development to ensure the well-being of adults. We also found that the downregulation of ho in either neurons or glia in the brain is compensated by ho expressed in the retina.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Elzbieta Pyza
- Department of Cell Biology and Imaging, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Cracow, Poland
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15
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Martelli F, Ravenscroft TA, Hutchison W, Batterham P. Tissue-specific transcriptome analyses in Drosophila provide novel insights into the mode of action of the insecticide spinosad and the function of its target, nAChRα6. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2023; 79:3913-3925. [PMID: 37248207 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The insecticides spinosad and imidacloprid are neurotoxins with distinct modes of action. Both target nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), albeit different subunits. Spinosad is an allosteric modulator, that upon binding initiates endocytosis of its target, nAChRα6. Imidacloprid binding triggers excessive neuronal ion influx. Despite these differences, low-dose effects converge downstream in the precipitation of oxidative stress and neurodegeneration. RESULTS Using RNA-sequencing, we compared the transcriptional signatures of spinosad and imidacloprid, at low-dose exposures. Both insecticides cause up-regulation of glutathione S-transferase and cytochrome P450 genes in the brain and down-regulation in the fat body, whereas reduced expression of immune-related genes is observed in both tissues. Spinosad shows unique impacts on genes involved in lysosomal function, protein folding, and reproduction. Co-expression analyses revealed little to no correlation between genes affected by spinosad and nAChRα6 expressing neurons, but a positive correlation with glial cell markers. We also detected and experimentally confirmed nAChRα6 expression in fat body cells and male germline cells. This led us to uncover lysosomal dysfunction in the fat body following spinosad exposure, and a fitness cost in spinosad-resistant (nAChRα6 null) males - oxidative stress in testes, and reduced fertility. CONCLUSION Spinosad and imidacloprid share transcriptional perturbations in immunity-, energy homeostasis-, and oxidative stress-related genes. Low doses of other neurotoxic insecticides should be investigated for similar impacts. While target-site spinosad resistance mutation has evolved in the field, this may have a fitness cost. Our findings demonstrate the power of tissue-specific transcriptomics approach and the use of single-cell transcriptome data. © 2023 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Martelli
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - William Hutchison
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Philip Batterham
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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16
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Wei X, Hu J, Yang J, Yin C, Du T, Huang M, Fu B, Gong P, Liang J, Liu S, Xue H, He C, Ji Y, Du H, Zhang R, Wang C, Li J, Yang X, Zhang Y. Cytochrome P450 CYP6DB3 was involved in thiamethoxam and imidacloprid resistance in Bemisia tabaci Q (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 194:105468. [PMID: 37532309 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
High level resistance for a variety of insecticides has emerged in Bemisia tabaci, a globally notorious insect. Neonicotinoid insecticides have been applied widely to control B. tabaci. Whether a differentially expressed gene CYP6DB3 discovered from transcriptome data of B. tabaci is involved in the resistance to neonicotinoid insecticides remains unclear. In the study, CYP6DB3 expression was significantly up-regulated in both thiamethoxam- and imidacloprid-resistant strains relative to the susceptive strains. We also found that CYP6DB3 expression was up-regulated after B. tabaci adults were exposed to thiamethoxam and imidacloprid. Moreover, knocking down CYP6DB3 expression via feeding corresponding dsRNA significantly reduced CYP6DB3 mRNA levels by 34.1%. Silencing CYP6DB3 expression increased the sensitivity of B. tabaci Q adults against both thiamethoxam and imidacloprid. Overexpression of CYP6DB3 gene reduced the toxicity of imidacloprid and thiamethoxam to transgenic D. melanogaster. In addition, metabolic studies showed that CYP6DB3 can metabolize 24.41% imidacloprid in vitro. Collectively, these results strongly support that CYP6DB3 plays an important role in the resistance of B. tabaci Q to imidacloprid and thiamethoxam. This work will facilitate a deeper insight into the part of cytochrome P450s in the evolution of insecticide resistance and provide a theoretical basis for the development of new integrated pest resistance management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuegao Wei
- Hubei Engineering Technology Center for Pest Forewarning and Management, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China; State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jinyu Hu
- Hubei Engineering Technology Center for Pest Forewarning and Management, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China; State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Cheng Yin
- Hubei Engineering Technology Center for Pest Forewarning and Management, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China; State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Tianhua Du
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Mingjiao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Buli Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Peipan Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jinjin Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Shaonan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Hu Xue
- Hubei Engineering Technology Center for Pest Forewarning and Management, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China; State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Chao He
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yao Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - He Du
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Hubei Engineering Technology Center for Pest Forewarning and Management, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China; State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Hubei Engineering Technology Center for Pest Forewarning and Management, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China; State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Junkai Li
- Hubei Engineering Technology Center for Pest Forewarning and Management, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China
| | - Xin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Youjun Zhang
- Hubei Engineering Technology Center for Pest Forewarning and Management, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China; State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
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17
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Feyereisen R, Urban JM, Nelson DR. Aliens in the CYPome of the black fungus gnat, Bradysia coprophila. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 159:103965. [PMID: 37271423 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2023.103965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The diverse cytochrome P450 enzymes of insects play essential physiological roles and also play important roles in the metabolism of environmental chemicals such as insecticides. We manually curated the complement of P450 (CYP) genes, or CYPome, of the black fungus gnat, Bradysia (Sciara) coprophila (Diptera, Sciaroidea), a species with a variable number of chromosomes. This CYPome carries two types of "alien" P450 genes. The first type of alien P450s was found among the 163 CYP genes of the core genome (autosomes and X). They consist of 28 sequences resulting from horizontal gene transfer, with closest sequences not found in insects, but in other arthropods, often Collembola. These genes are not contaminants, because they are expressed genes with introns, found in synteny with regular dipteran genes, also found in B. odoriphaga and B. hygida. Two such "alien" genes are representatives of CYP clans not otherwise found in insects, a CYP53 sequence related to fungal CYP53 genes, and a CYP19-like sequence similar to some collembolan sequences but of unclear origin. The second type of alien P450s are represented by 99 sequences from germline-restricted chromosomes (GRC). While most are P450 pseudogenes, 33 are apparently intact, with half being more closely related to P450s from Cecidomyiidae than from Sciaridae, thus supporting the hypothesis of a cross-family hybridization origin of the GRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- René Feyereisen
- Laboratory of Agrozoology, Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - John M Urban
- Carnegie Institution for Science, Department of Embryology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute Research Laboratories, 3520 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - David R Nelson
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
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18
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Sun J, Liu WK, Ellsworth C, Sun Q, Pan Y, Huang YC, Deng WM. Integrating lipid metabolism, pheromone production and perception by Fruitless and Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadf6254. [PMID: 37390217 PMCID: PMC10313179 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adf6254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
Sexual attraction and perception are crucial for mating and reproductive success. In Drosophila melanogaster, the male-specific isoform of Fruitless (Fru), FruM, is a known master neuro-regulator of innate courtship behavior to control the perception of sex pheromones in sensory neurons. Here, we show that the non-sex-specific Fru isoform (FruCOM) is necessary for pheromone biosynthesis in hepatocyte-like oenocytes for sexual attraction. Loss of FruCOM in oenocytes resulted in adults with reduced levels of cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs), including sex pheromones, and show altered sexual attraction and reduced cuticular hydrophobicity. We further identify Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 (Hnf4) as a key target of FruCOM in directing fatty acid conversion to hydrocarbons. Fru or Hnf4 depletion in oenocytes disrupts lipid homeostasis, resulting in a sex-dimorphic CHC profile that differs from doublesex- and transformer-dependent CHC dimorphism. Thus, Fru couples pheromone perception and production in separate organs to regulate chemosensory communications and ensure efficient mating behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Wen-Kan Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Calder Ellsworth
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Qian Sun
- Department of Entomology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Yufeng Pan
- The Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, School of Life Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Yi-Chun Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Wu-Min Deng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
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Achuthkumar A, Uchamballi S, Arvind K, Vasu DA, Varghese S, Ravindran R, Grace T. Transcriptome Profiling of Rhipicephalus annulatus Reveals Differential Gene Expression of Metabolic Detoxifying Enzymes in Response to Acaricide Treatment. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11051369. [PMID: 37239047 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11051369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Ticks are hematophagous ectoparasites of economic consequence by virtue of being carriers of infectious diseases that affect livestock and other sectors of the agricultural industry. A widely prevalent tick species, Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) annulatus, has been recognized as a prime vector of tick-borne diseases in South Indian regions. Over time, the use of chemical acaricides for tick control has promoted the evolution of resistance to these widely used compounds through metabolic detoxification. Identifying the genes related to this detoxification is extremely important, as it could help detect valid insecticide targets and develop novel strategies for effective insect control. We performed an RNA-sequencing analysis of acaricide-treated and untreated R. (B.) annulatus and mapped the detoxification genes expressed due to acaricide exposure. Our results provided high-quality RNA-sequenced data of untreated and amitraz-treated R. (B.) annulatus, and then the data were assembled into contigs and clustered into 50,591 and 71,711 uni-gene sequences, respectively. The expression levels of the detoxification genes across different developmental stages of R. (B.) annulatu identified 16,635 transcripts as upregulated and 15,539 transcripts as downregulated. The annotations of the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) revealed the significant expression of 70 detoxification genes in response to the amitraz treatment. The qRT-PCR revealed significant differences in the gene expression levels across different life stages of R. (B.) annulatus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amritha Achuthkumar
- Department of Genomic Science, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Kerala, Kasaragod 671320, Kerala, India
| | - Shamjana Uchamballi
- Department of Genomic Science, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Kerala, Kasaragod 671320, Kerala, India
| | - Kumar Arvind
- Department of Genomic Science, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Kerala, Kasaragod 671320, Kerala, India
| | - Deepa Azhchath Vasu
- Department of Genomic Science, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Kerala, Kasaragod 671320, Kerala, India
| | - Sincy Varghese
- Department of Biochemistry, Pazhassiraja College, Pulpally 673579, Kerala, India
| | - Reghu Ravindran
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pookode 673576, Kerala, India
| | - Tony Grace
- Department of Genomic Science, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Kerala, Kasaragod 671320, Kerala, India
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Lago DC, Nora LC, Hasselmann M, Hartfelder K. Positive selection in cytochrome P450 genes is associated with gonad phenotype and mating strategy in social bees. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5921. [PMID: 37041178 PMCID: PMC10090045 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32898-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The honey bee, Apis mellifera differs from all other social bees in its gonad phenotype and mating strategy. Honey bee queens and drones have tremendously enlarged gonads, and virgin queens mate with several males. In contrast, in all the other bees, the male and female gonads are small, and the females mate with only one or very few males, thus, suggesting an evolutionary and developmental link between gonad phenotype and mating strategy. RNA-seq comparisons of A. mellifera larval gonads revealed 870 genes as differentially expressed in queens versus workers and drones. Based on Gene Ontology enrichment we selected 45 genes for comparing the expression levels of their orthologs in the larval gonads of the bumble bee Bombus terrestris and the stingless bee, Melipona quadrifasciata, which revealed 24 genes as differentially represented. An evolutionary analysis of their orthologs in 13 solitary and social bee genomes revealed four genes with evidence of positive selection. Two of these encode cytochrome P450 proteins, and their gene trees indicated a lineage-specific evolution in the genus Apis, indicating that cytochrome P450 genes may be involved in the evolutionary association of polyandry and the exaggerated gonad phenotype in social bees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denyse Cavalcante Lago
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine (FMRP), University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Luísa Czamanski Nora
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine (FMRP), University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Martin Hasselmann
- Department of Livestock Population Genomics, Institute of Animal Science, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Klaus Hartfelder
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine (FMRP), University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine (FMRP), University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
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Chen W, Li Z, Zhou C, Ali A, Ali S, Wu J. RNA interference in cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (CYP) gene results in reduced insecticide resistance in Megalurothrips usitatus Bagnall. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1130389. [PMID: 37051022 PMCID: PMC10083390 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1130389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Genes of the cytochrome P450 (CYP450) superfamily are known to be involved in the evolution of insecticide resistance. In this study, the transcriptomes of two Megalurothrips usitatus Bagnall (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) strains (resistant and susceptible) were screened for detoxification genes. MusiDN2722 encodes a protein composed of 504 amino acid residues with a relative molecular mass of 57.3 kDa. Multiple sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis showed that MusiDN2722 is a member of the CYP450 family and has characteristics of the conserved CYP6 domain shared by typical CYP450 family members. RT-qPCR (real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction) analysis showed that MusiDN2722 was upregulated in the acetamiprid-resistant strain compared with the susceptible strain (p < 0.05), and the relative expression level was significantly higher at 48 h after exposure than at 24 h after exposure. The interference efficiency of the injection method was higher than that of the membrane-feeding method. Silencing of MusiDN2722 through RNA interference significantly increased the sensitivity of M. usitatus to acetamiprid. Overall, this study revealed that MusiDN2722 plays a crucial role in the resistance of M. usitatus to acetamiprid. The findings will not only advance our understanding of the role of P450s in insecticide resistance but also provide a potential target for the sustainable control of destructive pests such as thrips.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application, Engineering Research Center of Biological Control, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhaoyang Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application, Engineering Research Center of Biological Control, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chenyan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application, Engineering Research Center of Biological Control, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Asad Ali
- Department of Agriculture, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Shaukat Ali
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application, Engineering Research Center of Biological Control, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jianhui Wu, ; Shaukat Ali,
| | - Jianhui Wu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application, Engineering Research Center of Biological Control, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jianhui Wu, ; Shaukat Ali,
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Yilmaz Kardas B, Diken ME, Bayhan H, Acar M, Dogan S. Cytoprotective, antimutagenic/antirecombinogenic and antibacterial properties of Lallemantia iberica extracts. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:1901-1911. [PMID: 36207573 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plants have important chemical compounds to protect organisms from many mutagens but they may also have dangerous toxic substances that must be tested before use. Lallemantia iberica has been used by local people for treatment of some diseases but it was never tested for its cell protective and antimutagenic/antirecombinogenic properties. In this study, it was aimed to determine the cytoprotective, antimutagenic/antirecombinogenic, antibacterial, antioxidant and phenolic profile of L. iberica by MTS assay, micronucleus test/somatic mutation recombination test (SMART), disc diffusion method, ABTS/DPPH tests and liquid chromatography (LC), respectively. RESULTS MTS assay results showed that both of the extracts supported the normal growth of healthy human lymphocytes and there was no significant difference between extracts. Although there was no significant increase in micronucleus concentration (‰) of the cultures treated with ethanol or methanol extracts, methanol extract caused slightly lower micronucleus concentration (12.64 ± 3.65‰) than the ethanol extract (24.46 ± 4.50‰). SMART results showed that ethanol and methanol extracts prevented harmful mitotic recombination. Lallemantia iberica also showed antibacterial activity against all of the strains tested, and the largest inhibition zones were observed with Pseudomonas aeruginosa (17.9 mm) and Enterobacter aerogenes (13.8 mm). Methanol extracts showed better antioxidant activities (ABTS IC50 : 104.07 μg mL-1 , DPPH IC50 : 58.8 μg mL-1 ) than ethanol extracts (ABTS IC50 : 344.03 μg mL-1 , DPPH IC50 : 233.7 μg mL-1 ). According to the LC results, the most abundant phenolic compounds were rutin hydrate (1796.4 ± 62.9 mg kg-1 ) and p-coumaric acid (228.1 ± 7.60 mg kg-1 ). CONCLUSION Lallemantia iberica extracts had cell-protective, antimutagenic/antirecombinogenic, antibacterial and strong antioxidant characteristics in relation to their rich phenolic content. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Begumhan Yilmaz Kardas
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Literature, Balikesir University, Balikesir, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Emin Diken
- Science and Technology Application and Research Center, Balikesir University, Balikesir, Turkey
| | - Hamza Bayhan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Literature, Balikesir University, Balikesir, Turkey
| | - Mikail Acar
- Department of Plant and Animal Production, Munzur University, Tunceli, Turkey
| | - Serap Dogan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Literature, Balikesir University, Balikesir, Turkey
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Sun J, Liu WK, Ellsworth C, Sun Q, Pan YF, Huang YC, Deng WM. Integrating lipid metabolism, pheromone production and perception by Fruitless and Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.23.529767. [PMID: 36865119 PMCID: PMC9980076 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.23.529767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Sexual attraction and perception, governed by separate genetic circuits in different organs, are crucial for mating and reproductive success, yet the mechanisms of how these two aspects are integrated remain unclear. In Drosophila , the male-specific isoform of Fruitless (Fru), Fru M , is known as a master neuro-regulator of innate courtship behavior to control perception of sex pheromones in sensory neurons. Here we show that the non-sex specific Fru isoform (Fru COM ) is necessary for pheromone biosynthesis in hepatocyte-like oenocytes for sexual attraction. Loss of Fru COM in oenocytes resulted in adults with reduced levels of the cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs), including sex pheromones, and show altered sexual attraction and reduced cuticular hydrophobicity. We further identify Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 ( Hnf4 ) as a key target of Fru COM in directing fatty acid conversion to hydrocarbons in adult oenocytes. fru - and Hnf4 -depletion disrupts lipid homeostasis, resulting in a novel sex-dimorphic CHC profile, which differs from doublesex - and transformer -dependent sexual dimorphism of the CHC profile. Thus, Fru couples pheromone perception and production in separate organs for precise coordination of chemosensory communication that ensures efficient mating behavior. Teaser Fruitless and lipid metabolism regulator HNF4 integrate pheromone biosynthesis and perception to ensure robust courtship behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Wen-Kan Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Calder Ellsworth
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Qian Sun
- Department of Entomology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Yu-Feng Pan
- The Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, School of Life Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Yi-Chun Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Wu-Min Deng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
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Shakya S, Khan IM, Shakya B, Siddique YH, Varshney H, Jyoti S. Protective effect of the newly synthesized and characterized charge transfer (CT) complex against arecoline induced toxicity in third-instar larvae of transgenic Drosophila melanogaster (hsp70-lacZ)Bg9: experimental and theoretical mechanistic insights. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:1262-1278. [PMID: 36648430 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb02362h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Agents that suppress the toxic effect of arecoline (a chemical present in the Areca nut fruit) have become a need of the hour owing to its several harmful effects on human beings. Although some drug molecules have been developed for this purpose, yet, simple, easy to prepare, and economical molecules with remarkable potency are still a challenge to design. The present work thus becomes important as it involves the synthesis of a new charge transfer complex (CTC) material, which has, for the first time, been screened to investigate its effect on the toxic effects of arecoline. The newly designed material (CL), which is generated from the reaction between 2,4,6-trinitrophenol (TNP) and pyrazole (PYZ), has been crystallized by a slow evaporation method and characterized by employing spectral studies including single crystal X-ray crystallography. Spectrophotometry studies with the inclusion of the Benesi-Hildebrand equation reveal 1 : 1 stoichiometry and physical parameters of CL. Assays were used for determining the protective effect of CL against arecoline. CL was found to (dose-dependently) decrease β-galactosidase activity, damage in tissue and DNA damage caused by arecoline (80 μM) in the third-instar larvae of the transgenic Drosophila melanogaster (hsp70-lacZ)Bg9. The possible mechanism of this effect was explored through fluorescence and UV-vis spectroscopy. The possibility of suppression of arecoline action on the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor 1-G11 protein complex (found in the cell membrane) in the presence of CL was studied theoretically by molecular docking. Density functional theory (DFT) also theoretically supported various aspects of the designed material concerning the energy profile of the orbitals (HOMO-LUMO) as well as the energy minimized structure. Furthermore, time dependent (TD) DFT corroborated the electronic properties of the designed material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonam Shakya
- Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India.
| | - Ishaat M Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India.
| | - Barkha Shakya
- Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | | | - Himanshi Varshney
- Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Smita Jyoti
- Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
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Singh KS, Cordeiro EMG, Hunt BJ, Pandit AA, Soares PL, Correa AS, Zimmer CT, Zucchi MI, Batista C, Dow JAT, Davies SA, Cônsoli FL, Omoto C, Bass C. The genome sequence of the Neotropical brown stink bug, Euschistus heros provides insights into population structure, demographic history and signatures of adaptation. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 152:103890. [PMID: 36496139 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2022.103890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The Neotropical brown stink bug, Euschistus heros, is a major pest of soybean in South America. The importance of E. heros as a pest has grown significantly in recent times due to increases in its abundance and range, and the evolution of insecticide resistance. Recent work has begun to examine the genetic diversity, population structure, and genetic mechanisms of insecticide resistance in E. heros. However, to date, investigation of these topics has been hampered by a lack of genomic resources for this species. Here we address this need by assembling a high-quality draft genome for E. heros. We used a combination of short and long read sequencing to assemble an E. heros genome of 1.4 Gb comprising 906 contigs with a contig N50 of 3.5 MB. We leveraged this new genomic resource, in combination with genotyping by sequencing, to explore genetic diversity in populations of this species in Brazil and identify genetic loci in the genome which are under selection. Our genome-wide analyses, confirm that there are two populations of E. heros co-occurring in different geographical regions in Brazil, and that, in certain regions of the country these populations are hybridizing. We identify several regions of the genome as under selection, including markers associated with putative insecticide resistance genes. Taken together, the new genomic resources generated in this study will accelerate research into fundamental aspects of stinkbug biology and applied aspects relating to the sustainable control of a highly damaging crop pest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumar Saurabh Singh
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Biosciences, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn, Cornwall, UK
| | - Erick M G Cordeiro
- Departamento de Entomologia e Acarologia, Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Benjamin J Hunt
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Biosciences, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn, Cornwall, UK
| | - Aniruddha A Pandit
- School of Molecular Biosciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Patricia L Soares
- Departamento de Entomologia e Acarologia, Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Alberto S Correa
- Departamento de Entomologia e Acarologia, Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Christoph T Zimmer
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Biosciences, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn, Cornwall, UK; Syngenta Crop Protection, Werk Stein, Schaffhauserstrasse, Stein, Switzerland
| | - Maria I Zucchi
- Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil; Secretariat of Agriculture and Food Supply of São Paulo State, APTA, UPDR-Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos Batista
- Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Julian A T Dow
- School of Molecular Biosciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Shireen-Anne Davies
- School of Molecular Biosciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Fernando Luís Cônsoli
- Departamento de Entomologia e Acarologia, Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Celso Omoto
- Departamento de Entomologia e Acarologia, Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Chris Bass
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Biosciences, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn, Cornwall, UK.
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Pei Y, Hao H, Zuo Y, Xue Y, Aioub AAA, Hu Z. Functional validation of CYP304A1 associated with haedoxan A detoxification in Aedes albopictus by RNAi and transgenic drosophila. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2023; 79:447-453. [PMID: 36175391 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insect cytochrome P450 monooxygenases play important roles in the detoxification metabolism of endogenous and exogenous compounds. Haedoxan A (HA) from Phryma leptostachya L. is a highly efficient natural pesticide used to control houseflies and mosquitos. CYP4C21 and CYP304A1 were previously demonstrated to be transcriptionally increased in Aedes albopictus in response to HA exposure, but their involvement in HA metabolism is unknown. RESULTS Our data showed that CYP304A1 expression levels in A. albopictus were highest in third-instar larvae, and the expression level of CYP4C21 decreased significantly with the growth of instars, with the lowest occurring in the pupal stage. Compared with the control, the silencing of CYP304A1 and CYP4C21 genes by chitosan nanoparticle-mediated RNA interference could deplete 58.2% and 54.0% of the expression of corresponding genes, respectively. The bioassay data showed that knocking down the expression of CYP304A1 increased the mortality of A. albopictus when exposed to HA at LC30 and LC50 doses, but did not significantly increase mortality after silencing CYP4C21. Our data demonstrated that CYP304A1, but not CYP4C21, may be involved in HA detoxification. Moreover, the resistance ratio of CYP304A1 overexpressing flies was approximately 2-fold higher than that of the control line. The metabolized product of HA by CYP304A1 needs to be further confirmed by in vitro expression. CONCLUSION This finding showed that inducibility was not always linked to detoxifying capabilities, and enhanced our understanding of the molecular basis of HA metabolic detoxification in A. albopictus. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yakun Pei
- Institute of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Key Laboratory for Botanical Pesticide R&D of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, China
| | - Huanhuan Hao
- Institute of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Key Laboratory for Botanical Pesticide R&D of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, China
| | - Yayun Zuo
- Institute of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Key Laboratory for Botanical Pesticide R&D of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, China
| | - Yuxin Xue
- Institute of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Key Laboratory for Botanical Pesticide R&D of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, China
| | - Ahmed A A Aioub
- Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Zhaonong Hu
- Institute of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Key Laboratory for Botanical Pesticide R&D of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Integrated Pest Management on the Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Plant Protection, Yangling, China
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Yan S, Li N, Guo Y, Chen Y, Ji C, Yin M, Shen J, Zhang J. Chronic exposure to the star polycation (SPc) nanocarrier in the larval stage adversely impairs life history traits in Drosophila melanogaster. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:515. [PMID: 36482441 PMCID: PMC9730587 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01705-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nanomaterials are widely used as pesticide adjuvants to increase pesticide efficiency and minimize environmental pollution. But it is increasingly recognized that nanocarrier is a double-edged sword, as nanoparticles are emerging as new environmental pollutants. This study aimed to determine the biotoxicity of a widely applied star polycation (SPc) nanocarrier using Drosophila melanogaster, the fruit fly, as an in vivo model. RESULTS The lethal concentration 50 (LC50) value of SPc was identified as 2.14 g/L toward third-instar larvae and 26.33 g/L for adults. Chronic exposure to a sub lethal concentration of SPc (1 g/L) in the larval stage showed long-lasting adverse effects on key life history traits. Exposure to SPc at larval stage adversely impacted the lifespan, fertility, climbing ability as well as stresses resistance of emerged adults. RNA-sequencing analysis found that SPc resulted in aberrant expression of genes involved in metabolism, innate immunity, stress response and hormone production in the larvae. Orally administrated SPc nanoparticles were mainly accumulated in intestine cells, while systemic responses were observed. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that SPc nanoparticles are hazardous to fruit flies at multiple levels, which could help us to develop guidelines for further large-scale application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Yan
- grid.22935.3f0000 0004 0530 8290Department of Plant Biosecurity and MARA Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management for Plant Quarantine Pests, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Na Li
- grid.22935.3f0000 0004 0530 8290Department of Plant Biosecurity and MARA Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management for Plant Quarantine Pests, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Yuankang Guo
- grid.22935.3f0000 0004 0530 8290Department of Plant Biosecurity and MARA Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management for Plant Quarantine Pests, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Yao Chen
- grid.22935.3f0000 0004 0530 8290Department of Plant Biosecurity and MARA Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management for Plant Quarantine Pests, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Chendong Ji
- grid.48166.3d0000 0000 9931 8406State Key Lab of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Lab of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Meizhen Yin
- grid.48166.3d0000 0000 9931 8406State Key Lab of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Lab of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Shen
- grid.22935.3f0000 0004 0530 8290Department of Plant Biosecurity and MARA Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management for Plant Quarantine Pests, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Junzheng Zhang
- grid.22935.3f0000 0004 0530 8290Department of Plant Biosecurity and MARA Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management for Plant Quarantine Pests, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
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Wang YQ, Li GY, Li L, Song QS, Stanley D, Wei SJ, Zhu JY. Genome-wide and expression-profiling analyses of the cytochrome P450 genes in Tenebrionidea. ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 111:e21954. [PMID: 36065122 DOI: 10.1002/arch.21954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (CYPs) are present in almost all areas of the tree of life. As one of the largest and most diverse superfamilies of multifunctional enzymes, they play important roles in the metabolism of xenobiotics and biosynthesis of endogenous compounds, shaping the success of insects. In this study, the CYPome (an omics term for all the CYP genes in a genome) diversification was examined in the four Tenebrionidea species through genome-wide analysis. A total of 483 CYP genes were identified, of which 103, 157, 122, and 101 were respectively deciphered from the genomes of Tebebrio molitor, Asbolus verucosus, Hycleus cichorii and Hycleus phaleratus. These CYPs were classified into four major clans (mitochondrial, CYP2, CYP3, and CYP4), and clans CYP3 and CYP4 are most diverse. Phylogenetic analysis showed that most CYPs of these Tenebrionidea beetles from each clan had a very close 1:1 orthology to each other, suggesting that they originate closely and have evolutionally conserved function. Expression analysis at different developmental stages and in various tissues showed the life stage-, gut-, salivary gland-, fat body-, Malpighian tubule-, antennae-, ovary- and testis-specific expression patterns of T. molitor CYP genes, implying their various potential roles in development, detoxification, immune response, digestion, olfaction, and reproduction. Our studies provide a platform to understand the evolution of Tenebrionidea CYP gene superfamily, and a basis for further functional investigation of the T. molitor CYPs involved in various biological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Qin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Disaster Warning and Control of Yunnan Province, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Guang-Ya Li
- Key Laboratory of Forest Disaster Warning and Control of Yunnan Province, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Lu Li
- Key Laboratory of Forest Disaster Warning and Control of Yunnan Province, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Qi-Sheng Song
- Division of Plant Science and Technology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - David Stanley
- USDA/ARS Biological Control of Insects Research Laboratory, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Shu-Jun Wei
- Key Laboratory of Forest Disaster Warning and Control of Yunnan Province, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
- Institute of Plant Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jia-Ying Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Forest Disaster Warning and Control of Yunnan Province, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
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Niu L, Yan H, Sun Y, Zhang D, Ma W, Lin Y. Nanoparticle facilitated stacked-dsRNA improves suppression of the Lepidoperan pest Chilo suppresallis. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 187:105183. [PMID: 36127045 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2022.105183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, gene knockdown technology using double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) has been widely used as an environment-friendly pest control strategy, but its instability and limited cellular uptake have limited its overall effect. Studies have shown that the efficiency of single dsRNA can be improved by using various nanomaterials. However, the effect of stacked-dsRNA wrapped by nanomaterial on pests remains unclear. In the present study, both CYP15C1 and C-factor genes were cloned from the midgut of C. suppressalis, and the transcript of C-factor is most highly expressed in heads. Feeding a dsCYP15C1 or dsC-factor - nanomaterial mixture can downregulate the gene expression and significantly increase larval mortality. More importantly, feeding the stacked-dsRNA wrapped by nanomaterial can significantly increase the mortality of C. suppressalis, compared with feeding dsCYP15C1 or dsC-factor - nanomaterial mixture alone. These results showed that CYP15C1 and C-factor could be potential targets for an effective management of C. suppressalis, and we developed a nanoparticle-facilitated stacked-dsRNA strategy in the control of C. suppresallis. Our research provides a theoretical basis for gene function analysis and field pest control, and will promote the application of RNAi technology in the stacked style of pest control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Niu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Centre of Plant Gene Research, Wuhan, China; State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Haixia Yan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Centre of Plant Gene Research, Wuhan, China
| | - Yajie Sun
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Delin Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Centre of Plant Gene Research, Wuhan, China
| | - Weihua Ma
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Centre of Plant Gene Research, Wuhan, China; College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Yongjun Lin
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Centre of Plant Gene Research, Wuhan, China
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30
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Corrales M, Cocanougher BT, Kohn AB, Wittenbach JD, Long XS, Lemire A, Cardona A, Singer RH, Moroz LL, Zlatic M. A single-cell transcriptomic atlas of complete insect nervous systems across multiple life stages. Neural Dev 2022; 17:8. [PMID: 36002881 PMCID: PMC9404646 DOI: 10.1186/s13064-022-00164-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular profiles of neurons influence neural development and function but bridging the gap between genes, circuits, and behavior has been very difficult. Here we used single cell RNAseq to generate a complete gene expression atlas of the Drosophila larval central nervous system composed of 131,077 single cells across three developmental stages (1 h, 24 h and 48 h after hatching). We identify 67 distinct cell clusters based on the patterns of gene expression. These include 31 functional mature larval neuron clusters, 1 ring gland cluster, 8 glial clusters, 6 neural precursor clusters, and 13 developing immature adult neuron clusters. Some clusters are present across all stages of larval development, while others are stage specific (such as developing adult neurons). We identify genes that are differentially expressed in each cluster, as well as genes that are differentially expressed at distinct stages of larval life. These differentially expressed genes provide promising candidates for regulating the function of specific neuronal and glial types in the larval nervous system, or the specification and differentiation of adult neurons. The cell transcriptome Atlas of the Drosophila larval nervous system is a valuable resource for developmental biology and systems neuroscience and provides a basis for elucidating how genes regulate neural development and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Corrales
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute Janelia Research Campus, Ashburn, VA, USA.,Department of Physiology, Development, and Neuroscience, Cambridge University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Benjamin T Cocanougher
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute Janelia Research Campus, Ashburn, VA, USA.,Department of Zoology, Cambridge University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Andrea B Kohn
- Department of Neuroscience and Whitney Laboratory for Marine Biosciences, University of Florida, Gainesville/St. Augustine, FL, 32080, USA
| | - Jason D Wittenbach
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute Janelia Research Campus, Ashburn, VA, USA
| | - Xi S Long
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute Janelia Research Campus, Ashburn, VA, USA
| | - Andrew Lemire
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute Janelia Research Campus, Ashburn, VA, USA
| | - Albert Cardona
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute Janelia Research Campus, Ashburn, VA, USA.,Department of Physiology, Development, and Neuroscience, Cambridge University, Cambridge, UK.,MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge, UK
| | - Robert H Singer
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute Janelia Research Campus, Ashburn, VA, USA.,Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Leonid L Moroz
- Department of Neuroscience and Whitney Laboratory for Marine Biosciences, University of Florida, Gainesville/St. Augustine, FL, 32080, USA.
| | - Marta Zlatic
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute Janelia Research Campus, Ashburn, VA, USA. .,Department of Zoology, Cambridge University, Cambridge, UK. .,MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge, UK.
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31
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Revealing the difference of α-amylase and CYP6AE76 gene between polyphagous Conogethes punctiferalis and oligophagous C. pinicolalis by multiple-omics and molecular biological technique. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:521. [PMID: 35854244 PMCID: PMC9295484 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08753-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Conogethes pinicolalis has been thought as a Pinaceae-feeding variant of the yellow peach moth, Conogethes punctiferalis. The divergence of C. pinicolalis from the fruit-feeding moth C. punctiferalis has been reported in terms of morphology, ecology, and genetics, however there is a lack of detailed molecular data. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the divergence of C. pinicolalis from C. punctiferalis from the aspects of transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics and bioinformatics. Results The expression of 74,611 mRNA in transcriptome, 142 proteins in proteome and 218 metabolites in metabolome presented significantly differences between the two species, while the KEGG results showed the data were mainly closely related to metabolism and redox. Moreover, based on integrating system-omics data, we found that the α-amylase and CYP6AE76 genes were mutated between the two species. Mutations in the α-amylase and CYP6AE76 genes may influence the efficiency of enzyme preference for a certain substrate, resulting in differences in metabolic or detoxifying ability in both species. The qPCR and enzyme activity test also confirmed the relevant gene expression. Conclusions These findings of two related species and integrated networks provide beneficial information for further exploring the divergence in specific genes, metabolism, and redox mechanism. Most importantly, it will give novel insight on species adaptation to various diets, such as from monophagous to polyphagous. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-022-08753-9.
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Nirusimhan V, Andrew Gideon D, Parashar A, Jeyachandran S, Jeyaraman J, Subbaraj G, Kulanthaivel L. Structural Modeling of Drosophila melanogaster Gut Cytochrome P450s and Docking Comparison of Fruit Fly Gut and Human Cytochrome P450s. Curr Drug Metab 2022; 23:299-316. [PMID: 35546755 DOI: 10.2174/1389200223666220511162234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Drosophila melanogaster is a prominent model organism in developmental biology research and in studies related to pathophysiological conditions like cancer and Alzheimer's disease. The fruit fly gut contains several cytochrome P450s (CYP450s) which have central roles in Drosophila development and in the normal physiology of the gut. Since the crystal structures of these proteins have not been deciphered yet, we modeled the structure of 29 different D. melanogaster gut CYP450s using Prime (Schrödinger). The sequences of chosen D. melanogaster gut CYP450s were compared with that of their human counterparts. The common gut (and liver) microsomal CYP450s in humans were chosen for structural comparison to find the homology and identity % of D. melanogaster CYPs with that of their human counterparts. The modeled structures were validated using PROCHECK and the best fit models were used for docking several known human pharmacological agents/drugs to the modeled D. melanogaster gut CYP450s. Based on the binding affinities (ΔG values) of the selected drug molecules with the modeled fly gut CYPs, the plausible differences in metabolism of the prominent drugs in humans and fly were projected. The gut is involved in absorption of oral drugs/pharmacological agents and hence, upregulation of intestinal CYP450 and their reactions with endobiotics and xenobiotics is envisaged. The insights gleaned from this work can validate D. melanogaster as a model organism for studying intestinal drug metabolism, particularly in the context of a) toxicology of pharmacological agents to the gut cells and b) how gut P450 metabolites/products can influence gut homeostasis. This work can help establish a platform for further in vitro investigations on how intestinal CYP450 metabolism can influence gut health. The data from this work can be used for further in silico studies and this work can serve as a platform for future in vitro investigations on intestinal CYP450-mediated metabolism of endo- and xeno-biotics in D. melanogaster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Nirusimhan
- Cancer Informatics Laboratory, Department of Bioinformatics, Alagappa University, Science Campus, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Daniel Andrew Gideon
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Bishop Heber College (Autonomous), Tennur, Tiruchirappalli Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Abhinav Parashar
- Department of Biotechnology, Vignan's Foundation for Science, Technology & Research, Vadlamudi, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Sangavi Jeyachandran
- Cancer Informatics Laboratory, Department of Bioinformatics, Alagappa University, Science Campus, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jeyakanthan Jeyaraman
- Structural Biology and Bio-Computing Lab, Department of Bioinformatics, Science Campus, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Gowthamkumar Subbaraj
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Langeswaran Kulanthaivel
- Cancer Informatics Laboratory, Department of Bioinformatics, Alagappa University, Science Campus, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, India
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33
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Wu C, Zhang L, Liu B, Gao B, Huang C, Zhang J, Jin M, Wang H, Peng Y, Rice A, Hegazi E, Wilson K, Xu P, Xiao Y. Genomic features of the polyphagous cotton leafworm Spodoptera littoralis. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:353. [PMID: 35525948 PMCID: PMC9080191 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08582-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The cotton leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis, is a highly polyphagous pest of many cultivated plants and crops in Africa and Europe. The genome of this pest will help us to further understand the molecular mechanisms of polyphagy. RESULTS Herein, the high-quality genome of S. littoralis was obtained by Pacific Bioscience (PacBio) sequencing. The assembled genome size of S. littoralis is 436.55 Mb with a scaffold N50 of 6.09 Mb, consisting of 17,207 annotated protein-coding genes. Phylogenetic analysis shows that S. littoralis and its sibling species S. litura diverged about 5.44 million years ago. Expanded gene families were mainly involved in metabolic detoxification and tolerance to toxic xenobiotics based on GO (Gene Ontology) and KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) pathway analysis. Comparative genomics analysis showed that gene families involved in detoxification and chemosensation were significantly expanded in S. littoralis, representing genetic characteristics related to polyphagy and an extensive host range. CONCLUSIONS We assembled and annotated the reference genome of S. littoralis, and revealed that this pest has the genetic features of strong detoxification capacity, consistent with it being a significant risk to a wide range of host crops. These data resources will provide support for risk assessment and early warning monitoring of major polyphagous agricultural pests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wu
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK.,Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture; Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture; Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture; Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bojia Gao
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture; Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Cong Huang
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture; Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ji Zhang
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture; Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Minghui Jin
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture; Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hanyue Wang
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture; Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yan Peng
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture; Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Annabel Rice
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Esmat Hegazi
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture Alexandria University, Alexandria, 22542, Egypt
| | - Kenneth Wilson
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK. .,Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture; Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Pengjun Xu
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK. .,Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China.
| | - Yutao Xiao
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK. .,Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture; Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China.
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Dong W, Zhang X, Kong Y, Zhao Z, Mahmoud A, Wu L, Moussian B, Zhang J. CYP311A1 in the anterior midgut is involved in lipid distribution and microvillus integrity in Drosophila melanogaster. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:261. [PMID: 35478270 PMCID: PMC11072108 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04283-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Lipids are either taken up from food sources or produced internally in specialized tissues such as the liver. Among others, both routes of lipid metabolism involve cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (CYPs). We sought to analyze the function of Cyp311a1 that has been shown to be expressed in the midgut of the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. Using a GFP-tagged version of CYP311A1 that is expressed under the control of its endogenous promoter, we show that Cyp311a1 localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum in epithelial cells of the anterior midgut. In larvae with reduced Cyp311a1 expression in the anterior midgut, compared to control larvae, the apical plasma membrane of the respective epithelial cells contains less and shorter microvilli. In addition, we observed reduction of neutral lipids in the fat body, the insect liver, and decreased phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and triacylglycerols (TAG) amounts in the whole body of these larvae. Probably as a consequence, they cease to grow and eventually die. The microvillus defects in larvae with reduced Cyp311a1 expression are restored by supplying PE, a major phospholipid of plasma membranes, to the food. Moreover, the growth arrest phenotype of these larvae is partially rescued. Together, these results suggest that the anterior midgut is an import hub in lipid distribution and that the midgut-specific CYP311A1 contributes to this function by participating in shaping microvilli in a PE-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Dong
- Research Institute of Applied Biology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, China
| | - Xubo Zhang
- Research Institute of Applied Biology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, China
| | - Yue Kong
- Research Institute of Applied Biology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, China
| | - Zhenwen Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Ali Mahmoud
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Pfotenhauerstrasse-108, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Lixian Wu
- Research Institute of Applied Biology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, China
| | - Bernard Moussian
- Université Côte d'Azur, Parc Valrose, 06108, Nice Cedex 2, France.
| | - Jianzhen Zhang
- Research Institute of Applied Biology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, China.
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Wang ZC, Peng LY, Cheng X, Yang RR, Li DT, Zhang CX, Bao YY. A CYP380C10 gene is required for waterproofing and water retention in the insect integument. JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 138:104380. [PMID: 35304132 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2022.104380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs) are important components in the integument of insects and are required for development and survival. Insect-specific CYP4G subfamily, of the P450 enzymes, catalyze the oxidative decarbonylation step in the biosynthesis of CHCs. Here, we characterized CYP380C10 gene function in a Hemiptera rice pest, Nilaparvata lugens. We used RNA interference-mediated expression silencing to reveal that NlCYP380C10 played a key role in waterproofing and water-retention in the integument of N. lugens. Knockdown of NlCYP380C10 significantly reduced body weight and caused mortality. Scanning electron microscopy showed the loss of the lipid layer on the surface of the abdominal cuticle of the dsNlCYP380C10-injected adults. Furthermore, CHC profile analysis revealed that NlCYP380C10 knockdown significantly decreased the amounts of CHCs in adult females. This suggested that NlCYP380C10 was involved in CHC biosynthesis. Reduction of CHC content caused the loss of the intact lipid layer of the cuticle, which resulted in loss of the waterproofing and water-retention functions. This led to failure of molting and eclosion. Our findings expanded the knowledge of CHC biosynthesis in the insect integument and led to a better understanding of the functional roles of CYP450 genes involved in waterproofing and water-retention in insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe-Chao Wang
- Institute of Insect Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China
| | - Lu-Yao Peng
- Institute of Insect Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China
| | - Xu Cheng
- Institute of Insect Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China
| | - Rui-Rui Yang
- Institute of Insect Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China
| | - Dan-Ting Li
- Institute of Insect Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection and Quarantine, College of Life Science, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Chuan-Xi Zhang
- Institute of Insect Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China; State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yan-Yuan Bao
- Institute of Insect Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China.
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Sellamuthu G, Bílý J, Joga MR, Synek J, Roy A. Identifying optimal reference genes for gene expression studies in Eurasian spruce bark beetle, Ips typographus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae). Sci Rep 2022; 12:4671. [PMID: 35304502 PMCID: PMC8933438 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08434-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Eurasian spruce bark beetle (Ips typographus [L.]) causes substantial damage to spruce forests worldwide. Undoubtedly, more aggressive measures are necessary to restrict the enduring loss. Finishing genome sequencing is a landmark achievement for deploying molecular techniques (i.e., RNA interference) to manage this pest. Gene expression studies assist in understanding insect physiology and deployment of molecular approaches for pest management. RT-qPCR is a valuable technique for such studies. However, accuracy and reliability depend on suitable reference genes. With the genome sequence available and the growing requirement of molecular tools for aggressive forest pest management, it is crucial to find suitable reference genes in Ips typographus under different experimental conditions. Hence, we evaluated the stability of twelve candidate reference genes under diverse experimental conditions such as biotic (developmental, sex and tissues) and abiotic factors (i.e., temperature and juvenile hormone treatment) to identify the reference genes. Our results revealed that ribosomal protein 3a (RPS3-a) was the best reference gene across all the experimental conditions, with minor exceptions. However, the stability of the reference gene can differ based on experiments. Nevertheless, present study provides a comprehensive list of reference genes under different experimental conditions for Ips typographus and contributes to "future genomic and functional genomic research".
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Affiliation(s)
- Gothandapani Sellamuthu
- Excellent Team for Mitigation (ETM), Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Bílý
- Excellent Team for Mitigation (ETM), Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Mallikarjuna Reddy Joga
- Excellent Team for Mitigation (ETM), Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Synek
- Excellent Team for Mitigation (ETM), Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Amit Roy
- Excellent Team for Mitigation (ETM), Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic. .,EVA 4.0 Unit, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.
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Han H, Yang Y, Hu J, Wang Y, Zhao Z, Ma R, Gao L, Guo Y. Identification and Characterization of CYP6 Family Genes from the Oriental Fruit Moth (Grapholita molesta) and Their Responses to Insecticides. INSECTS 2022; 13:insects13030300. [PMID: 35323597 PMCID: PMC8953268 DOI: 10.3390/insects13030300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Simple Summary Eight CYP6 family genes were identified in Grapholita molesta (Busck). The expression of individual gene members differed between the developmental stages and insect tissues. High expression was found in third/fourth-instar larvae and in the midgut and Malpighian tubules. The response patterns of the genes exhibited diverse response patterns to the three representative insecticides were diverse. Abstract Cytochrome P450 (CYP) monooxygenases comprise a superfamily of proteins that detoxify xenobiotics and plant secondary metabolites in insects. The CYP6 family is unique to the class Insecta, and its members participate in the metabolism of exogenous substances. In this study, we sequenced and characterized the full-length cDNAs of eight CYP6 family genes from Grapholita molesta (Busck), a global pest of pome fruits. P450 genes with the exception of CYP6AN35, which was most highly expressed in adults, consistently showed high expression in third- or fourth-instar larvae. The analysis of different tissues of adults showed that most of these genes were predominantly expressed in the midgut, Malpighian tubules, and/or fat body. The expression of these eight CYP6 genes was differentially affected by three representative insecticides: malathion (organophosphate), deltamethrin (pyrethroid), and chlorantraniliprole (carbamate). All eight CYP6 genes responded to malathion treatment. Only three CYP6 genes were highly expressed in deltamethrin-treated individuals. Chlorantraniliprole treatment exerted weak effects on gene expression. Interestingly, CYP6AN35 was a highly expression level in the adult head and its expression was induced by all three insecticides. CYP6AN35 may be a key gene in the metabolism of insecticides. This study provides a fundamental understanding of the functions of the CYP6 gene family in insecticide metabolism in G. molesta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Han
- College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China; (H.H.); (Y.Y.); (J.H.); (Y.W.); (Z.Z.); (R.M.)
| | - Yanyu Yang
- College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China; (H.H.); (Y.Y.); (J.H.); (Y.W.); (Z.Z.); (R.M.)
| | - Jun Hu
- College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China; (H.H.); (Y.Y.); (J.H.); (Y.W.); (Z.Z.); (R.M.)
| | - Yuanxin Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China; (H.H.); (Y.Y.); (J.H.); (Y.W.); (Z.Z.); (R.M.)
| | - Zhiguo Zhao
- College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China; (H.H.); (Y.Y.); (J.H.); (Y.W.); (Z.Z.); (R.M.)
| | - Ruiyan Ma
- College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China; (H.H.); (Y.Y.); (J.H.); (Y.W.); (Z.Z.); (R.M.)
| | - Lingling Gao
- CSIRO Agriculture & Food, Private Bag 5, Wembley, Perth, WA 6913, Australia
- Correspondence: (L.G.); (Y.G.)
| | - Yanqiong Guo
- College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China; (H.H.); (Y.Y.); (J.H.); (Y.W.); (Z.Z.); (R.M.)
- Correspondence: (L.G.); (Y.G.)
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DİKEN ME, YILMAZ B. Inhibitory effect on acetylcholinesterase and toxicity analysis of some medicinal plants. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SECONDARY METABOLITE 2022. [DOI: 10.21448/ijsm.1032863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Papapostolou KM, Riga M, Samantsidis GR, Skoufa E, Balabanidou V, Van Leeuwen T, Vontas J. Over-expression in cis of the midgut P450 CYP392A16 contributes to abamectin resistance in Tetranychus urticae. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 142:103709. [PMID: 34995778 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2021.103709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 mediated metabolism is a well-known mechanism of insecticide resistance. However, to what extent qualitative or quantitative changes are responsible for increased metabolism, is not well understood. Increased expression of P450 genes is most often reported, but the underlying regulatory mechanisms remain widely unclear. In this study, we investigate CYP392A16, a P450 from the polyphagous and major agricultural pest Tetranychus urticae. High expression levels of CYP392A16 and in vitro metabolism assays have previously associated this P450 with abamectin resistance. Here, we show that CYP392A16 is primarily localized in the midgut epithelial cells, as indicated by immunofluorescence analysis, a finding also supported by a comparison between feeding and contact toxicity bioassays. Silencing via RNAi of CYP392A16 in a highly resistant T. urticae population reduced insecticide resistance levels from 3400- to 1900- fold, compared to the susceptible reference strain. Marker-assisted backcrossing, using a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) found in the CYP392A16 allele from the resistant population, was subsequently performed to create congenic lines bearing this gene in a susceptible genetic background. Toxicity assays indicated that the allele derived from the resistant strain confers 3.6-fold abamectin resistance compared to the lines with susceptible genetic background. CYP392A16 is over-expressed at the same levels in these lines, pointing to cis-regulation of gene expression. In support of that, functional analysis of the putative promoter region from the resistant and susceptible parental strains revealed a higher reporter gene expression, confirming the presence of cis-acting regulatory mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyriaki Maria Papapostolou
- Institute of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, Foundation for Research & Technology Hellas, 100 N. Plastira Street, GR-700 13, Heraklion, Crete, Greece; Department of Biology, University of Crete, Vassilika Vouton, 70013, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Maria Riga
- Institute of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, Foundation for Research & Technology Hellas, 100 N. Plastira Street, GR-700 13, Heraklion, Crete, Greece; Department of Biology, University of Crete, Vassilika Vouton, 70013, Heraklion, Greece.
| | - George-Rafael Samantsidis
- Institute of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, Foundation for Research & Technology Hellas, 100 N. Plastira Street, GR-700 13, Heraklion, Crete, Greece; Department of Biology, University of Crete, Vassilika Vouton, 70013, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Evangelia Skoufa
- Institute of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, Foundation for Research & Technology Hellas, 100 N. Plastira Street, GR-700 13, Heraklion, Crete, Greece; Department of Biology, University of Crete, Vassilika Vouton, 70013, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Vasileia Balabanidou
- Institute of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, Foundation for Research & Technology Hellas, 100 N. Plastira Street, GR-700 13, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Thomas Van Leeuwen
- Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Coupure Links 653, Ghent University, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - John Vontas
- Institute of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, Foundation for Research & Technology Hellas, 100 N. Plastira Street, GR-700 13, Heraklion, Crete, Greece; Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos Street, GR-11855, Athens, Greece.
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Zhang X, Li S, Liu S. Juvenile Hormone Studies in Drosophila melanogaster. Front Physiol 2022; 12:785320. [PMID: 35222061 PMCID: PMC8867211 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.785320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In the field of insect endocrinology, juvenile hormone (JH) is one of the most wondrous entomological terms. As a unique sesquiterpenoid hormone produced and released by the endocrine gland, corpus allatum (CA), JH is a critical regulator in multiple developmental and physiological processes, such as metamorphosis, reproduction, and behavior. Benefited from the precise genetic interventions and simplicity, the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, is an indispensable model in JH studies. This review is aimed to present the regulatory factors on JH biosynthesis and an overview of the regulatory roles of JH in Drosophila. The future directions of JH studies are also discussed, and a few hot spots are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoshuai Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Guangmeiyuan R&D Center, South China Normal University, Meizhou, China
| | - Sheng Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Guangmeiyuan R&D Center, South China Normal University, Meizhou, China
| | - Suning Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Guangmeiyuan R&D Center, South China Normal University, Meizhou, China
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Mombach DM, Fontoura Gomes TMFD, Silva MM, Loreto ÉLS. Molecular and biological effects of Cisplatin in Drosophila. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2022; 252:109229. [PMID: 34728387 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2021.109229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Cisplatin is widely used in cancer treatment and is one of the best cytostatic agents available for antitumor therapy. Drosophila melanogaster has one of the best annotated genomes and one of the best characterized sets of transposable elements (TE) sequences. This model organism is useful for analyzing the mode of action of several compounds in vivo and evaluating the behavioral consequences of treatments. The aim of our study was to increase the knowledge about the effects of Cisplatin in Drosophila by joining RNA-seq and biological assays. RNA-seq was followed by analyses of differential expression of genes (DEGs) and TEs (DETEs), and of pathways and ontology terms. DETEs were confirmed by qPCR. Cisplatin was evaluated at 50 and 100 μg/mL in Drosophila culture medium for 24 h. The fly locomotor assay, survival analysis, oviposition and development were used as biological assays. Cisplatin induced DEGs in a dose-dependent fashion, and four TEs were up-regulated. Most DEGs are related to DNA damage and detoxification processes. Cisplatin increases Drosophila locomotor activity and interrupts development. Genes and processes related to the assays were also identified. This is the first study to evaluate the effects of Cisplatin in flies using RNA-seq. Gene alteration was almost limited to drug metabolism and DNA damage, and the drug did not vastly affect Drosophila on the molecular level. Contrary to the hypothesis that stress dramatically alters TEs mobilization, only four TEs were up-regulated. Our study, together with previous knowledge, asserts Drosophila as a valuable organism in the study of chemotherapy drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Moreira Mombach
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Mônica Medeiros Silva
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Élgion Lúcio Silva Loreto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
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Parra-Peralbo E, Talamillo A, Barrio R. Origin and Development of the Adipose Tissue, a Key Organ in Physiology and Disease. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:786129. [PMID: 34993199 PMCID: PMC8724577 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.786129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue is a dynamic organ, well known for its function in energy storage and mobilization according to nutrient availability and body needs, in charge of keeping the energetic balance of the organism. During the last decades, adipose tissue has emerged as the largest endocrine organ in the human body, being able to secrete hormones as well as inflammatory molecules and having an important impact in multiple processes such as adipogenesis, metabolism and chronic inflammation. However, the cellular progenitors, development, homeostasis and metabolism of the different types of adipose tissue are not fully known. During the last decade, Drosophila melanogaster has demonstrated to be an excellent model to tackle some of the open questions in the field of metabolism and development of endocrine/metabolic organs. Discoveries ranged from new hormones regulating obesity to subcellular mechanisms that regulate lipogenesis and lipolysis. Here, we review the available evidences on the development, types and functions of adipose tissue in Drosophila and identify some gaps for future research. This may help to understand the cellular and molecular mechanism underlying the pathophysiology of this fascinating key tissue, contributing to establish this organ as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana Talamillo
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC BioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Derio, Spain
| | - Rosa Barrio
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC BioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Derio, Spain
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Agwunobi DO, Li M, Wang N, Chang G, Zhang X, Xue X, Yu Z, Wang H, Liu J. Proteomic analysis suggests that monoterpenes in lemongrass disrupt Ca 2+ homeostasis in Haemaphysalis longicornis leading to mitochondrial depolarization and cytotoxicity. Proteomics 2022; 22:e2100156. [PMID: 34997954 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.202100156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Complex mixtures of bioactive ingredients in plant essential oils present complex chemistries which involve different modes of action. An increasing body of scientific reports has recently focused on the acaricidal activities of plant essential oils attributed to their monoterpene components, but information about their underlying molecular mechanism of action is scarce. Here, after the chemical analysis of lemongrass oil, a proteomic analysis of the ovary, salivary gland, and midgut of Haemaphysalis longicornis exposed to Cymbopogon citratus (lemongrass) essential oil was performed via data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry (DIA-MS) technology to further elucidate the molecular mechanisms involved. Pathway analysis reveals the activation of metabolic pathways mediated by oxidoreductases and transferases. Furthermore, the upregulation of various calcium-associated proteins and the upregulation of cytochrome c1, cytochrome c oxidase polypeptide IV, and programmed cell death protein 6-like isoform X1 suggest a cytotoxic mode of action via the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial Ca2+ overload, mitochondrial uncoupling, and depolarization, and ATP depletion leading to either apoptotic or necrotic death. Morphological alterations observed after the RNAi of a major detoxification enzyme (glutathione S-transferase) merit further investigation. Hence, the cytotoxic mode of action exhibited by C. citratus oil could be vital for the development of eco-friendly acaricide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desmond O Agwunobi
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Mengxue Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ningmei Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Guomin Chang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiaojing Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiaomin Xue
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zhijun Yu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jingze Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
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Shi Y, Qu Q, Wang C, He Y, Yang Y, Wu Y. Involvement of CYP2 and mitochondrial clan P450s of Helicoverpa armigera in xenobiotic metabolism. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 140:103696. [PMID: 34800643 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2021.103696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Insect CYP2 and mitochondrial clan P450s are relatively conserved genes encoding enzymes generally thought to be involved in biosynthesis or metabolism of endobiotics. However, emerging evidence argues they have potential roles in chemical defense as well, but their actual detoxification functions remain largely unknown. Here, we focused on the full complement of 8 CYP2 and 10 mitochondrial P450s in the generalist herbivore, Helicoverpa armigera. Their varied spatiotemporal expression profiles were analyzed and reflected their specific functions. For functional study of the mitochondrial clan P450s, the redox partners, adrenodoxin reductase (AdR) and adrenodoxin (Adx), were identified from genomes of eight insects and an efficient in vitro electron transfer system of mitochondrial P450 was established by co-expression with Adx and AdR of H. armigera. All CYP2 clan P450s and 8 mitochondrial P450s were successfully expressed in Sf9 cells and compared functionally. In vitro metabolism assays showed that two CYP2 clan P450s (CYP305B1 and CYP18A1) and CYP333B3 (mito clan) could epoxidize aldrin to dieldrin, while CYP305B1 and CYP339A1 (mito clan) have limited but significant hydroxylation capacities to esfenvalerate. CYP303A1 of the CYP2 clan exhibits high metabolic efficiency to 2-tridecanone. Screening the xenobiotic metabolism competence of CYP2 and mitochondrial clan P450s not only provides new insights on insect chemical defense but also can give indications on their physiological functions in H. armigera and other insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Shi
- Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Qiong Qu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Chenyang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Yingshi He
- Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Yihua Yang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Yidong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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Kim IY, Choi B, Park WR, Kim YJ, Kim BE, Mun S, Choi HS, Kim DK. Nuclear receptor HR96 up-regulates cytochrome P450 for insecticide detoxification in Tribolium castaneum. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2022; 78:230-239. [PMID: 34472702 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (T. castaneum), is a major agricultural pest that causes significant damage to stored grains and products. Although hormone receptor 96 (HR96) is known to be the single ortholog corresponding to mammalian constitutive androstane receptor and pregnane X receptor, the structural features of Tribolium HR96 (TcHR96) and its role in insecticide-mediated transcription control of cytochrome P450 enzyme genes in T. castaneum have not been elucidated yet. RESULTS We cloned full-length complementary DNA encoding TcHR96 and revealed the role of TcHR96 in transcriptional control of cytochrome P450 enzyme genes. Interestingly, genome-wide transcriptome analysis of HR96-deficient beetles using RNA sequencing showed a positive correlation between TcHR96 and gene transcription of metabolizing enzymes involved in phase I detoxification processes. Moreover, TcHR96 overexpression significantly increased the promoter activity of genes encoding phase I P450 enzymes such as CYP4Q4, CYP4G7, CYP4BR3, and CYP345A1. Chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis showed that TcHR96 could directly bind to the promoter of gene encoding CYP345A1, an enzyme for metabolizing insecticides in T. castaneum. Furthermore, imidacloprid, a neonicotinoid insecticide, significantly increased gene expression of phase I P450 enzymes in old larvae of T. castaneum, which were reversed by TcHR96 knockdown. Finally, TcHR96 knockdown significantly decreased the resistance of old larvae to imidacloprid concomitant with reduction of imidacloprid-mediated phase I P450 enzyme gene expression. CONCLUSION TcHR96 plays a major role in transcriptional control of P450 enzyme for imidacloprid detoxification. Controlling TcHR96 might facilitate the regulation of insecticide tolerance in T. castaneum, thus providing a promising new strategy to manage pest beetle populations. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- In-Young Kim
- Department of Integrative Food, Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Byungyoon Choi
- Department of Integrative Food, Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Woo-Ram Park
- Department of Integrative Food, Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Yu-Ji Kim
- Department of Integrative Food, Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Bo-Eun Kim
- Department of Integrative Food, Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Seulgi Mun
- Department of Applied Biology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Hueng-Sik Choi
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Don-Kyu Kim
- Department of Integrative Food, Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
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Xin Y, Chen N, Wang Y, Ni R, Zhao H, Yang P, Li M, Qiu X. CYP4G8 is responsible for the synthesis of methyl-branched hydrocarbons in the polyphagous caterpillar of Helicoverpa armigera. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 140:103701. [PMID: 34890799 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2021.103701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Insect cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs) have dual functions as physical barrier and chemical signals. The last step of CHC biosynthesis is known to be catalyzed by cytochrome P450 CYP4G in a number of insects. Until recently, studies on CYP4Gs in the context of functional evolution are rare. In this study, we analyzed sequence similarity and temporal-spatial expression patterns of the five CYP4G genes in the cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera, an important agricultural pest and also typical representative of lepidopteran insects. Moreover, the CRISPR/Cas9-induced knockout was used to clarify the roles of the five CYP4Gs in CHC biosynthesis. Temporal-spatial expression patterns revealed that CYP4G8 was highly expressed at all developmental stages and in most tissues examined. Larvae with CYP4G8 knocked out could not produce methyl-branched CHCs and failed to pupate, while larvae with the other four CYP4G genes knocked out (4G1-type-KO) showed no significant changes in their CHC profiles, weight gain and survival. Comparative transcriptomics revealed that knocking out CYP4G8 affected the global gene expression in larvae, especially down-regulated the expression of genes in the fatty acid biosynthetic pathway, while no significant change in 4G1-type-KO transcriptome was observed. These findings indicate that the five members of the CYP4G subfamily have undergone functional divergence: CYP4G8 maintains the essential function in CHC biosynthesis, while the function of the other four CYP4G genes remains unclear. Intriguingly, CYP4G8 has evolved to be a P450 enzyme responsible for the synthesis of larval methyl-branched hydrocarbons. The observation that CYP4G8 knockout is lethal strongly suggest that CYP4G8 may serve as a candidate target for the development of insecticidal agents for the control of cotton bollworms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucui Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Nan Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Yawei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ruoyao Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Hongrui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Peiqi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Mei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Xinghui Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
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Lau MJ, Schmidt TL, Yang Q, Chung J, Sankey L, Ross PA, Hoffmann AA. Genetic stability of Aedes aegypti populations following invasion by wMel Wolbachia. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:894. [PMID: 34906084 PMCID: PMC8670162 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-08200-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Wolbachia wMel is the most commonly used strain in rear and release strategies for Aedes aegypti mosquitoes that aim to inhibit the transmission of arboviruses such as dengue, Zika, Chikungunya and yellow fever. However, the long-term establishment of wMel in natural Ae. aegypti populations raises concerns that interactions between Wolbachia wMel and Ae. aegypti may lead to changes in the host genome, which could affect useful attributes of Wolbachia that allow it to invade and suppress disease transmission. Results We applied an evolve-and-resequence approach to study genome-wide genetic changes in Ae. aegypti from the Cairns region, Australia, where Wolbachia wMel was first introduced more than 10 years ago. Mosquito samples were collected at three different time points in Gordonvale, Australia, covering the phase before (2010) and after (2013 and 2018) Wolbachia releases. An additional three locations where Wolbachia replacement happened at different times across the last decade were also sampled in 2018. We found that the genomes of mosquito populations mostly remained stable after Wolbachia release, with population differences tending to reflect the geographic location of the populations rather than Wolbachia infection status. However, outlier analysis suggests that Wolbachia may have had an influence on some genes related to immune response, development, recognition and behavior. Conclusions Ae. aegypti populations remained geographically distinct after Wolbachia wMel releases in North Australia despite their Wolbachia infection status. At some specific genomic loci, we found signs of selection associated with Wolbachia, suggesting potential evolutionary impacts can happen in the future and further monitoring is warranted. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-021-08200-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Jia Lau
- Pest and Environmental Adaptation Research Group, Bio21 Institute and the School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Thomas L Schmidt
- Pest and Environmental Adaptation Research Group, Bio21 Institute and the School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Qiong Yang
- Pest and Environmental Adaptation Research Group, Bio21 Institute and the School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jessica Chung
- Pest and Environmental Adaptation Research Group, Bio21 Institute and the School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Melbourne Bioinformatics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lucien Sankey
- Pest and Environmental Adaptation Research Group, Bio21 Institute and the School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Perran A Ross
- Pest and Environmental Adaptation Research Group, Bio21 Institute and the School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ary A Hoffmann
- Pest and Environmental Adaptation Research Group, Bio21 Institute and the School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
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Hao H, Zuo Y, Fang J, Sun A, Aioub AAA, Hu Z. Transcriptome Analysis of Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) Larvae Exposed With a Sublethal Dose of Haedoxan A. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2021; 58:2284-2291. [PMID: 33999150 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjab089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Aedes albopictus is the vector of arbovirus diseases including yellow fever, dengue, Zika virus, and chikungunya fever, and it poses an enormous threat to human health worldwide. Previous studies have revealed that haedoxan A (HA), which is an insecticidal sesquilignan from Phryma leptostachya L., is a highly effective natural insecticide for managing mosquitoes and houseflies; however, the mechanisms underlying the response of Ae. albopictus after treatment with sublethal concentrations of HA is not clear. Here, high-throughput sequencing was used to analyze the gene expression changes in Ae. albopictus larvae after treatment with the LC30 of HA. In total, 416 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, including 328 upregulated genes and 88 downregulated genes. Identification and verification of related DEGs were performed by RT-qPCR. The results showed that two P450 unigenes (CYP4C21 and CYP304A1), one carboxylesterase, and one ABC transporter (ABCG1) were induced by HA, which indicated that these detoxifying enzyme genes might play a major role in the metabolic and detoxification processes of HA. Additionally, acetylcholine receptor subunit ɑ2 (AChRα2), AChRα5, AChRα9, and the glutamate receptor ionotropic kainate 2 (GRIK2) were found to be upregulated in HA-treated larvae, suggesting that HA affected the conduction of action potentials and synaptic transmission by disrupting the function of neural receptors. These results provide a foundation for further elucidating the target of HA and the mechanism of detoxification metabolism in Ae. albopictus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Hao
- Institute of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- Key Laboratory for Botanical Pesticide R&D of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yayun Zuo
- Institute of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- Key Laboratory for Botanical Pesticide R&D of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jiameng Fang
- Institute of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- Key Laboratory for Botanical Pesticide R&D of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Anqi Sun
- Institute of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- Key Laboratory for Botanical Pesticide R&D of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ahmed A A Aioub
- Institute of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Zhaonong Hu
- Institute of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- Key Laboratory for Botanical Pesticide R&D of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Integrated Pest Management on the Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Plant Protection, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
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49
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Pu J, Wang Z, Cong H, Chin JSR, Justen J, Finet C, Yew JY, Chung H. Repression precedes independent evolutionary gains of a highly specific gene expression pattern. Cell Rep 2021; 37:109896. [PMID: 34706247 PMCID: PMC8578697 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Highly specific expression patterns can be caused by the overlapping activities of activator and repressor sequences in enhancers. However, few studies illuminate how these sequences evolve in the origin of new enhancers. Here, we show that expression of the bond gene in the semicircular wall epithelium (swe) of the Drosophila melanogaster male ejaculatory bulb (EB) is controlled by an enhancer consisting of an activator region that requires Abdominal-B driving expression in the entire EB and a repressor region that restricts this expression to the EB swe. Although this expression pattern is independently gained in the distantly related Scaptodrosophila lebanonensis and does not require Abdominal-B, we show that functionally similar repressor sequences are present in Scaptodrosophila and also in species that do not express bond in the EB. We suggest that during enhancer evolution, repressor sequences can precede the evolution of activator sequences and may lead to similar but independently evolved expression patterns. Pu et al. show that the independent gain of a highly specific expression pattern across distantly related species may be because of the preexistence of repressor sequences that precedes the diversification of these species. This may reflect a general mechanism underlying the evolution of highly specific enhancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Pu
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
| | - Zinan Wang
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Haosu Cong
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Jacqueline S R Chin
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A(∗)STAR), Brenner Centre for Molecular Medicine, Singapore 117609, Singapore
| | - Jessa Justen
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Cédric Finet
- Yale-NUS College, 16 College Avenue West, Singapore 138527, Singapore
| | - Joanne Y Yew
- Pacific Biosciences Research Center, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Henry Chung
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
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50
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Baldwin SR, Mohapatra P, Nagalla M, Sindvani R, Amaya D, Dickson HA, Menuz K. Identification and characterization of CYPs induced in the Drosophila antenna by exposure to a plant odorant. Sci Rep 2021; 11:20530. [PMID: 34654888 PMCID: PMC8521596 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-99910-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Members of the cytochrome p450 (CYP) enzyme family are abundantly expressed in insect olfactory tissues, where they are thought to act as Odorant Degrading Enzymes (ODEs). However, their contribution to olfactory signaling in vivo is poorly understood. This is due in part to the challenge of identifying which of the dozens of antennal-expressed CYPs might inactivate a given odorant. Here, we tested a high-throughput deorphanization strategy in Drosophila to identify CYPs that are transcriptionally induced by exposure to odorants. We discovered three CYPs selectively upregulated by geranyl acetate using transcriptional profiling. Although these CYPs are broadly expressed in the antenna in non-neuronal cells, electrophysiological recordings from CYP mutants did not reveal any changes in olfactory neuron responses to this odorant. Neurons were desensitized by pre-exposing flies to the odorant, but this effect was similar in CYP mutants. Together, our data suggest that the induction of a CYP gene by an odorant does not necessarily indicate a role for that CYP in neuronal responses to that odorant. We go on to show that some CYPs have highly restricted expression patterns in the antenna, and suggest that such CYPs may be useful candidates for further studies on olfactory CYP function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shane R Baldwin
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
- MBF Bioscience, Williston, VT, 05495, USA
| | - Pratyajit Mohapatra
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
| | - Monica Nagalla
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Rhea Sindvani
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
- School of Medicine, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT, 06032, USA
| | - Desiree Amaya
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
- Biomedical Sciences Program, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Hope A Dickson
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
| | - Karen Menuz
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA.
- Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA.
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