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Mallik B, Pippadpally S, Bisht A, Bhat S, Mukherjee S, Kumar V. Distinct Bin/Amphiphysin/Rvs (BAR) family proteins may assemble on the same tubule to regulate membrane organization in vivo. Heliyon 2024; 10:e33672. [PMID: 39040266 PMCID: PMC11261073 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Intracellular membrane tubules play a crucial role in diverse cellular processes, and their regulation is facilitated by Bin-Amphiphysin-Rvs (BAR) domain-containing proteins. This study investigates the roles of Drosophila ICA69 (dICA69) (an N-BAR protein) and Drosophila CIP4 (dCIP4) (an F-BAR protein), focusing on their impact on in vivo membrane tubule organization. In contrast to the prevailing models of BAR-domain protein function, we observed colocalization of endogenous dICA69 with dCIP4-induced tubules, indicating their potential recruitment for tubule formation and maintenance. Moreover, actin-regulatory proteins such as Wasp, SCAR, and Arp2/3 were recruited at the site of CIP4-induced tubule formation. An earlier study indicated that F-BAR proteins spontaneously segregate from the N-BAR domain proteins during membrane tubule formation. In contrast, our observation supports a model in which different BAR-domain family members can associate with the same tubule and cooperate to fine-tune the tubule width, possibly by recruiting actin modulators during the generation of tubules. Our data suggests that cooperative activities of distinct BAR-domain family proteins may determine the length and width of the membrane tubule in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sajad Bhat
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Bhopal, Indore bypass Road, Bhopal 462 066, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Surabhi Mukherjee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Bhopal, Indore bypass Road, Bhopal 462 066, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Vimlesh Kumar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Bhopal, Indore bypass Road, Bhopal 462 066, Madhya Pradesh, India
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2
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Frisby D, Murakonda AB, Ashraf B, Dhawan K, Almeida-Souza L, Naslavsky N, Caplan S. Endosomal actin branching, fission and receptor recycling require FCHSD2 recruitment by MICAL-L1. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.27.601011. [PMID: 38979241 PMCID: PMC11230409 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.27.601011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Endosome fission is required for the release of carrier vesicles and the recycling of receptors to the plasma membrane. Early events in endosome budding and fission rely on actin branching to constrict the endosomal membrane, ultimately leading to nucleotide hydrolysis and enzymatic fission. However, our current understanding of this process is limited, particularly regarding the coordination between the early and late steps of endosomal fission. Here we have identified a novel interaction between the endosomal scaffolding protein, MICAL-L1, and the human homolog of the Drosophila Nervous Wreck (Nwk) protein, FCH and double SH3 domains protein 2 (FCHSD2). We demonstrate that MICAL-L1 recruits FCHSD2 to the endosomal membrane, where it is required for ARP2/3-mediated generation of branched actin, endosome fission and receptor recycling to the plasma membrane. Since MICAL-L1 first recruits FCHSD2 to the endosomal membrane, and is subsequently responsible for recruitment of the ATPase and fission protein EHD1 to endosomes, our findings support a model in which MICAL-L1 orchestrates endosomal fission by connecting between the early actin-driven and subsequent nucleotide hydrolysis steps of the process.
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3
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Garcia IS, Silva-Vignato B, Cesar ASM, Petrini J, da Silva VH, Morosini NS, Goes CP, Afonso J, da Silva TR, Lima BD, Clemente LG, Regitano LCDA, Mourão GB, Coutinho LL. Novel putative causal mutations associated with fat traits in Nellore cattle uncovered by eQTLs located in open chromatin regions. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10094. [PMID: 38698200 PMCID: PMC11066111 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60703-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Intramuscular fat (IMF) and backfat thickness (BFT) are critical economic traits impacting meat quality. However, the genetic variants controlling these traits need to be better understood. To advance knowledge in this area, we integrated RNA-seq and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) identified in genomic and transcriptomic data to generate a linkage disequilibrium filtered panel of 553,581 variants. Expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) analysis revealed 36,916 cis-eQTLs and 14,408 trans-eQTLs. Association analysis resulted in three eQTLs associated with BFT and 24 with IMF. Functional enrichment analysis of genes regulated by these 27 eQTLs revealed noteworthy pathways that can play a fundamental role in lipid metabolism and fat deposition, such as immune response, cytoskeleton remodeling, iron transport, and phospholipid metabolism. We next used ATAC-Seq assay to identify and overlap eQTL and open chromatin regions. Six eQTLs were in regulatory regions, four in predicted insulators and possible CCCTC-binding factor DNA binding sites, one in an active enhancer region, and the last in a low signal region. Our results provided novel insights into the transcriptional regulation of IMF and BFT, unraveling putative regulatory variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Soares Garcia
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture "Luiz de Queiroz", University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Bárbara Silva-Vignato
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture "Luiz de Queiroz", University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Aline Silva Mello Cesar
- Department of Agroindustry, Food and Nutrition, College of Agriculture "Luiz de Queiroz", University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Juliana Petrini
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture "Luiz de Queiroz", University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Vinicius Henrique da Silva
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture "Luiz de Queiroz", University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Natália Silva Morosini
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture "Luiz de Queiroz", University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Carolina Purcell Goes
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture "Luiz de Queiroz", University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Thaís Ribeiro da Silva
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture "Luiz de Queiroz", University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Delcarme Lima
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture "Luiz de Queiroz", University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Luan Gaspar Clemente
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture "Luiz de Queiroz", University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Gerson Barreto Mourão
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture "Luiz de Queiroz", University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Luiz Lehmann Coutinho
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture "Luiz de Queiroz", University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
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Ji Y, Izadi-Seitz M, Landmann A, Schwintzer L, Qualmann B, Kessels MM. EHBP1 Is Critically Involved in the Dendritic Arbor Formation and Is Coupled to Factors Promoting Actin Filament Formation. J Neurosci 2024; 44:e0236232023. [PMID: 38129132 PMCID: PMC10860635 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0236-23.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The coordinated action of a plethora of factors is required for the organization and dynamics of membranous structures critically underlying the development and function of cells, organs, and organisms. The evolutionary acquisition of additional amino acid motifs allows for expansion and/or specification of protein functions. We identify a thus far unrecognized motif specific for chordata EHBP1 proteins and demonstrate that this motif is critically required for interaction with syndapin I, an F-BAR domain-containing, membrane-shaping protein predominantly expressed in neurons. Gain-of-function and loss-of-function studies in rat primary hippocampal neurons (of mixed sexes) unraveled that EHBP1 has an important role in neuromorphogenesis. Surprisingly, our analyses uncovered that this newly identified function of EHBP1 did not require the domain responsible for Rab GTPase binding but was strictly dependent on EHBP1's syndapin I binding interface and on the presence of syndapin I in the developing neurons. These findings were underscored by temporally and spatially remarkable overlapping dynamics of EHBP1 and syndapin I at nascent dendritic branch sites. In addition, rescue experiments demonstrated the necessity of two additional EHBP1 domains for dendritic arborization, the C2 and CH domains. Importantly, the additionally uncovered critical involvement of the actin nucleator Cobl in EHBP1 functions suggested that not only static association with F-actin via EHBP1's CH domain is important for dendritic arbor formation but also actin nucleation. Syndapin interactions organize ternary protein complexes composed of EHBP1, syndapin I, and Cobl, and our functional data show that only together these factors give rise to proper cell shape during neuronal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Ji
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Jena University Hospital/Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Maryam Izadi-Seitz
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Jena University Hospital/Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Annemarie Landmann
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Jena University Hospital/Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Lukas Schwintzer
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Jena University Hospital/Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Britta Qualmann
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Jena University Hospital/Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Michael M Kessels
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Jena University Hospital/Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
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5
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Ledoux B, Zanin N, Yang J, Mercier V, Coster C, Dupont-Gillain C, Alsteens D, Morsomme P, Renard HF. Plasma membrane nanodeformations promote actin polymerization through CIP4/CDC42 recruitment and regulate type II IFN signaling. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eade1660. [PMID: 38091386 PMCID: PMC10848735 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.ade1660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
In their environment, cells must cope with mechanical stresses constantly. Among these, nanoscale deformations of plasma membrane induced by substrate nanotopography are now largely accepted as a biophysical stimulus influencing cell behavior and function. However, the mechanotransduction cascades involved and their precise molecular effects on cellular physiology are still poorly understood. Here, using homemade fluorescent nanostructured cell culture surfaces, we explored the role of Bin/Amphiphysin/Rvs (BAR) domain proteins as mechanosensors of plasma membrane geometry. Our data reveal that distinct subsets of BAR proteins bind to plasma membrane deformations in a membrane curvature radius-dependent manner. Furthermore, we show that membrane curvature promotes the formation of dynamic actin structures mediated by the Rho GTPase CDC42, the F-BAR protein CIP4, and the presence of PI(4,5)P2. In addition, these actin-enriched nanodomains can serve as platforms to regulate receptor signaling as they appear to contain interferon-γ receptor (IFNγ-R) and to lead to the partial inhibition of IFNγ-induced JAK/STAT signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Ledoux
- UCLouvain, Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, Group of Molecular Physiology, Croix du Sud 4-5 bte L7.07.14, Louvain-la-Neuve 1348, Belgium
- UCLouvain, Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, NanoBiophysics lab, Croix du Sud 4-5 bte L7.07.07, Louvain-la-Neuve 1348, Belgium
- UNamur, Morph-Im platform, Rue de Bruxelles 61, Namur 5000, Belgium
| | - Natacha Zanin
- UNamur, NAmur Research Institute for LIfe Sciences, Unité de Recherche en Biologie Cellulaire animale, Rue de Bruxelles 61, Namur 5000, Belgium
| | - Jinsung Yang
- Gyeongsang National University, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Department of Convergence Medical Sciences, Institute of Medical Science, Jinju 52727, South Korea
| | - Vincent Mercier
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Charlotte Coster
- UCLouvain, Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, Group of Molecular Physiology, Croix du Sud 4-5 bte L7.07.14, Louvain-la-Neuve 1348, Belgium
| | - Christine Dupont-Gillain
- UCLouvain, Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Bio- and Soft Matter, Place Louis Pasteur 1 bte L4.01.10, Louvain-la-Neuve 1348, Belgium
| | - David Alsteens
- UCLouvain, Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, NanoBiophysics lab, Croix du Sud 4-5 bte L7.07.07, Louvain-la-Neuve 1348, Belgium
| | - Pierre Morsomme
- UCLouvain, Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, Group of Molecular Physiology, Croix du Sud 4-5 bte L7.07.14, Louvain-la-Neuve 1348, Belgium
| | - Henri-François Renard
- UNamur, Morph-Im platform, Rue de Bruxelles 61, Namur 5000, Belgium
- UNamur, NAmur Research Institute for LIfe Sciences, Unité de Recherche en Biologie Cellulaire animale, Rue de Bruxelles 61, Namur 5000, Belgium
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6
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Izadi M, Wolf D, Seemann E, Ori A, Schwintzer L, Steiniger F, Kessels MM, Qualmann B. Membrane shapers from two distinct superfamilies cooperate in the development of neuronal morphology. J Cell Biol 2023; 222:e202211032. [PMID: 37318382 PMCID: PMC10274853 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202211032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Membrane-shaping proteins are driving forces behind establishment of proper cell morphology and function. Yet, their reported structural and in vitro properties are noticeably inconsistent with many physiological membrane topology requirements. We demonstrate that dendritic arborization of neurons is powered by physically coordinated shaping mechanisms elicited by members of two distinct classes of membrane shapers: the F-BAR protein syndapin I and the N-Ank superfamily protein ankycorbin. Strikingly, membrane-tubulating activities by syndapin I, which would be detrimental during dendritic branching, were suppressed by ankycorbin. Ankycorbin's integration into syndapin I-decorated membrane surfaces instead promoted curvatures and topologies reflecting those observed physiologically. In line with the functional importance of this mechanism, ankycorbin- and syndapin I-mediated functions in dendritic arborization mutually depend on each other and on a surprisingly specific interface mediating complex formation of the two membrane shapers. These striking results uncovered cooperative and interdependent functions of members of two fundamentally different membrane shaper superfamilies as a previously unknown, pivotal principle in neuronal shape development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Izadi
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Jena University Hospital—Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - David Wolf
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Jena University Hospital—Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Eric Seemann
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Jena University Hospital—Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Alessandro Ori
- Leibniz Institute on Aging—Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Lukas Schwintzer
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Jena University Hospital—Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Frank Steiniger
- Electron Microscopy Center, Jena University Hospital—Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Michael Manfred Kessels
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Jena University Hospital—Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Britta Qualmann
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Jena University Hospital—Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
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7
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Lu CH, Tsai CT, Jones Iv T, Chim V, Klausen LH, Zhang W, Li X, Jahed Z, Cui B. A NanoCurvS platform for quantitative and multiplex analysis of curvature-sensing proteins. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:5205-5217. [PMID: 37337788 PMCID: PMC10809791 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm01856j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
The cell membrane is characterized by a rich variety of topographical features such as local protrusions or invaginations. Curvature-sensing proteins, including the Bin/Amphiphysin/Rvs (BAR) or epsin N-terminal homology (ENTH) family proteins, sense the bending sharpness and the positive/negative sign of these topographical features to induce subsequent intracellular signaling. A number of assays have been developed to study curvature-sensing properties of proteins in vitro, but it is still challenging to probe low curvature regime with the diameter of curvature from hundreds of nanometers to micrometers. It is particularly difficult to generate negative membrane curvatures with well-defined curvature values in the low curvature regime. In this work, we develop a nanostructure-based curvature sensing (NanoCurvS) platform that enables quantitative and multiplex analysis of curvature-sensitive proteins in the low curvature regime, in both negative and positive directions. We use NanoCurvS to quantitatively measure the sensing range of a negative curvature-sensing protein IRSp53 (an I-BAR protein) and a positive curvature-sensing protein FBP17 (an F-BAR protein). We find that, in cell lysates, the I-BAR domain of IRSp53 is able to sense shallow negative curvatures with the diameter-of-curvature up to 1500 nm, a range much wider than previously expected. NanoCurvS is also used to probe the autoinhibition effect of IRSp53 and the phosphorylation effect of FBP17. Therefore, the NanoCurvS platform provides a robust, multiplex, and easy-to-use tool for quantitative analysis of both positive and negative curvature-sensing proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Hao Lu
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Ching-Ting Tsai
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Taylor Jones Iv
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Vincent Chim
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Lasse H Klausen
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Zeinab Jahed
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Bianxiao Cui
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Wu-Tsai Neuroscience Institute and ChEM-H institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
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8
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Spona D, Hanisch PT, Hegemann JH, Mölleken K. A single chlamydial protein reshapes the plasma membrane and serves as recruiting platform for central endocytic effector proteins. Commun Biol 2023; 6:520. [PMID: 37179401 PMCID: PMC10182996 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04913-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Uptake of obligate intracellular bacterial pathogens into mammalian epithelial cells is critically dependent on modulation of the host's endocytic machinery. It is an open question how the invading pathogens generate a membrane-bound vesicle appropriate to their size. This requires extensive deformation of the host plasma membrane itself by pathogen-derived membrane-binding proteins, accompanied by substantial F-actin-based forces to further expand and finally pinch off the vesicle. Here we show that upon adhesion to the host cell, the human pathogenic bacterium Chlamydia pneumoniae secretes the scaffolding effector protein CPn0677, which binds to the inner leaflet of the invaginating host's PM, induces inwardly directed, negative membrane curvature, and forms a recruiting platform for the membrane-deforming BAR-domain containing proteins Pacsin and SNX9. In addition, while bound to the membrane, CPn0677 recruits monomeric G-actin, and its C-terminal region binds and activates N-WASP, which initiates branching actin polymerization via the Arp2/3 complex. Together, these membrane-bound processes enable the developing endocytic vesicle to engulf the infectious elementary body, while the associated actin network generates the forces required to reshape and detach the nascent vesicle from the PM. Thus, Cpn0677 (now renamed SemD) acts as recruiting platform for central components of the endocytic machinery during uptake of chlamydia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Spona
- Institute for Functional Microbial Genomics, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Philipp T Hanisch
- Institute for Functional Microbial Genomics, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Johannes H Hegemann
- Institute for Functional Microbial Genomics, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Katja Mölleken
- Institute for Functional Microbial Genomics, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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Rodriguez-Polanco WR, Norris A, Velasco AB, Gleason AM, Grant BD. Syndapin Regulates the RAP-1 GTPase to Control Endocytic Recycling via RHO-1 and Non-Muscle Myosin II. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.27.530328. [PMID: 36909525 PMCID: PMC10002613 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.27.530328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
After endocytosis, many plasma membrane components are recycled via narrow-diameter membrane tubules that emerge from early endosomes to form recycling endosomes, eventually leading to their return to the plasma membrane. We previously showed that the F-BAR and SH3 domain Syndapin/PACSIN-family protein SDPN-1 is required in vivo for basolateral endocytic recycling in the C. elegans intestine. Here we sought to determine the significance of a predicted interaction between the SDPN-1 SH3 domain and a target sequence in PXF-1/PDZ-GEF1/RAPGEF2, a known exchange factor for Rap-GTPases. We found that endogenous mutations we engineered into the SDPN-1 SH3 domain, or its binding site in the PXF-1 protein, interfere with recycling in vivo , as does loss of the PXF-1 target RAP-1. Rap-GTPases have been shown in several contexts to negatively regulate RhoA activity. Our results show that RHO-1/RhoA is enriched on SDPN-1 and RAP-1 positive endosomes in the C. elegans intestine, and loss of SDPN-1 or RAP-1 elevates RHO-1(GTP) levels on intestinal endosomes. Furthermore, we found that depletion of RHO-1 suppressed sdpn-1 mutant recycling defects, indicating that control of RHO-1 activity is a key mechanism by which SDPN-1 acts to promote endocytic recycling. RHO-1/RhoA is well-known for controlling actomyosin contraction cycles, although little is known of non-muscle myosin II on endosomes. Our analysis found that non-muscle myosin II is enriched on SDPN-1 positive endosomes, with two non-muscle myosin II heavy chain isoforms acting in apparent opposition. Depletion of nmy-2 inhibited recycling like sdpn-1 mutants, while depletion of nmy-1 suppressed sdpn-1 mutant recycling defects, indicating actomyosin contractility in controlling recycling endosome function.
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10
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Tröger J, Seemann E, Heintzmann R, Kessels MM, Qualmann B. Spinal Cord Synaptic Plasticity by GlyRβ Release from Receptor Fields and Syndapin I-Dependent Uptake. J Neurosci 2022; 42:6706-6723. [PMID: 35879097 PMCID: PMC9436020 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2060-21.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycine receptor-mediated inhibitory neurotransmission is key for spinal cord function. Recent observations suggested that by largely elusive mechanisms also glycinergic synapses display synaptic plasticity. We imaged receptor fields at ultrahigh-resolution at freeze-fractured membranes, tracked surface and internalized glycine receptors (GlyR), and studied differential regulations of GlyRβ interactions with the scaffold protein gephyrin and the F-BAR domain protein syndapin I and thereby reveal key principles of this process. S403 phosphorylation of GlyRβ, known to be triggered by synaptic signaling, caused a decoupling from gephyrin scaffolds but simultaneously promoted association of syndapin I with GlyRβ. In line, kainate treatments used to trigger rearrangements of glycine receptors in murine syndapin I KO spinal cords (mixed sex) showed even more severe receptor field fragmentation than already observed in untreated syndapin I KO spinal cords. Syndapin I deficiency furthermore resulted in more dispersed receptors and increased receptor mobility, also pointing out an important contribution of syndapin I to the organization of GlyRβ fields. Strikingly, syndapin I KO also led to a complete disruption of kainate-induced GlyRβ internalization. Accompanying quantitative ultrahigh-resolution studies in dissociated spinal cord neurons proved that the defects in GlyR internalization observed in syndapin I KO spinal cords are neuron-intrinsic defects caused by syndapin I deficiency. Together, our results unveiled important mechanisms organizing and altering glycine receptor fields during both steady state and particularly also as a consequence of kainate-induced synaptic rearrangement - principles organizing and fine-tuning synaptic efficacy and plasticity of glycinergic synapses in the spinal cord.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Initial observations suggested that also glycinergic synapses, key for spinal cord and brainstem functions, may display some form of synaptic plasticity. Imaging receptor fields at ultrahigh-resolution at freeze-fractured membranes, tracking surface and internalized glycine receptors (GlyR) and studying regulations of GlyRβ interactions, we here reveal key principles of these kainate-inducible adaptations. A switch from gephyrin-mediated receptor scaffolding to syndapin I-mediated GlyRβ scaffolding and internalization allows for modulating synaptic receptor availability. In line, kainate-induced GlyRβ internalization was completely disrupted and GlyRβ receptor fields were distorted by syndapin I KO. These results unveiled important mechanisms during both steady-state and kainate-induced alterations of synaptic GlyR fields, principles underlying synaptic efficacy and plasticity of synapses in the spinal cord.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Tröger
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Jena University Hospital/Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena 07743, Germany
| | - Eric Seemann
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Jena University Hospital/Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena 07743, Germany
| | - Rainer Heintzmann
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Jena 07745, Germany
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena 07745, Germany
| | - Michael M Kessels
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Jena University Hospital/Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena 07743, Germany
| | - Britta Qualmann
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Jena University Hospital/Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena 07743, Germany
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11
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Inositol hexakisphosphate primes syndapin I/PACSIN 1 activation in endocytosis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:286. [PMID: 35534740 PMCID: PMC9085685 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04305-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Endocytosis is controlled by a well-orchestrated molecular machinery, where the individual players as well as their precise interactions are not fully understood. We now show that syndapin I/PACSIN 1 is expressed in pancreatic β cells and that its knockdown abrogates β cell endocytosis leading to disturbed plasma membrane protein homeostasis, as exemplified by an elevated density of L-type Ca2+ channels. Intriguingly, inositol hexakisphosphate (InsP6) activates casein kinase 2 (CK2) that phosphorylates syndapin I/PACSIN 1, thereby promoting interactions between syndapin I/PACSIN 1 and neural Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome protein (N-WASP) and driving β cell endocytosis. Dominant-negative interference with endogenous syndapin I/PACSIN 1 protein complexes, by overexpression of the syndapin I/PACSIN 1 SH3 domain, decreases InsP6-stimulated endocytosis. InsP6 thus promotes syndapin I/PACSIN 1 priming by CK2-dependent phosphorylation, which endows the syndapin I/PACSIN 1 SH3 domain with the capability to interact with the endocytic machinery and thereby initiate endocytosis, as exemplified in β cells.
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12
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Insights into Membrane Curvature Sensing and Membrane Remodeling by Intrinsically Disordered Proteins and Protein Regions. J Membr Biol 2022; 255:237-259. [PMID: 35451616 PMCID: PMC9028910 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-022-00237-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cellular membranes are highly dynamic in shape. They can rapidly and precisely regulate their shape to perform various cellular functions. The protein’s ability to sense membrane curvature is essential in various biological events such as cell signaling and membrane trafficking. As they are bound, these curvature-sensing proteins may also change the local membrane shape by one or more curvature driving mechanisms. Established curvature-sensing/driving mechanisms rely on proteins with specific structural features such as amphipathic helices and intrinsically curved shapes. However, the recent discovery and characterization of many proteins have shattered the protein structure–function paradigm, believing that the protein functions require a unique structural feature. Typically, such structure-independent functions are carried either entirely by intrinsically disordered proteins or hybrid proteins containing disordered regions and structured domains. It is becoming more apparent that disordered proteins and regions can be potent sensors/inducers of membrane curvatures. In this article, we outline the basic features of disordered proteins and regions, the motifs in such proteins that encode the function, membrane remodeling by disordered proteins and regions, and assays that may be employed to investigate curvature sensing and generation by ordered/disordered proteins.
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13
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Li B, Abel SM. Membrane-mediated interactions between hinge-like particles. SOFT MATTER 2022; 18:2742-2749. [PMID: 35311882 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm00094f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Adsorption of nanoparticles on a membrane can give rise to interactions between particles, mediated by membrane deformations, that play an important role in self-assembly and membrane remodeling. Previous theoretical and experimental research has focused on nanoparticles with fixed shapes, such as spherical, rod-like, and curved nanoparticles. Recently, hinge-like DNA origami nanostructures have been designed with tunable mechanical properties. Inspired by this, we investigate the equilibrium properties of hinge-like particles adsorbed on an elastic membrane using Monte Carlo and umbrella sampling simulations. The configurations of an isolated particle are influenced by competition between bending energies of the membrane and the particle, which can be controlled by changing adsorption strength and hinge stiffness. When two adsorbed particles interact, they effectively repel one another when the strength of adhesion to the membrane is weak. However, a strong adhesive interaction induces an effective attraction between the particles, which drives their aggregation. The configurations of the aggregate can be tuned by adjusting the hinge stiffness: tip-to-tip aggregation occurs for flexible hinges, whereas tip-to-middle aggregation also occurs for stiffer hinges. Our results highlight the potential for using the mechanical features of deformable nanoparticles to influence their self-assembly when the particles and membrane mutually influence one another.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Li
- Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Steven M Abel
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, 37996, USA.
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14
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Dumont V, Lehtonen S. PACSIN proteins in vivo: Roles in development and physiology. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2022; 234:e13783. [PMID: 34990060 PMCID: PMC9285741 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Protein kinase C and casein kinase substrate in neurons (PACSINs), or syndapins (synaptic dynamin‐associated proteins), are a family of proteins involved in the regulation of cell cytoskeleton, intracellular trafficking and signalling. Over the last twenty years, PACSINs have been mostly studied in the in vitro and ex vivo settings, and only in the last decade reports on their function in vivo have emerged. We first summarize the identification, structure and cellular functions of PACSINs, and then focus on the relevance of PACSINs in vivo. During development in various model organisms, PACSINs participate in diverse processes, such as neural crest cell development, gastrulation, laterality development and neuromuscular junction formation. In mouse, PACSIN2 regulates angiogenesis during retinal development and in human, PACSIN2 associates with monosomy and embryonic implantation. In adulthood, PACSIN1 has been extensively studied in the brain and shown to regulate neuromorphogenesis, receptor trafficking and synaptic plasticity. Several genetic studies suggest a role for PACSIN1 in the development of schizophrenia, which is also supported by the phenotype of mice depleted of PACSIN1. PACSIN2 plays an essential role in the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis and participates in kidney repair processes after injury. PACSIN3 is abundant in muscle tissue and necessary for caveolar biogenesis to create membrane reservoirs, thus controlling muscle function, and has been linked to certain genetic muscular disorders. The above examples illustrate the importance of PACSINs in diverse physiological or tissue repair processes in various organs, and associations to diseases when their functions are disturbed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Dumont
- Department of Pathology and Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism Faculty of Medicine University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
| | - Sanna Lehtonen
- Department of Pathology and Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism Faculty of Medicine University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
- Department of Pathology University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
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15
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Mechanism of negative membrane curvature generation by I-BAR domains. Structure 2021; 29:1440-1452.e4. [PMID: 34520736 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2021.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The membrane sculpting ability of BAR domains has been attributed to the intrinsic curvature of their banana-shaped dimeric structure. However, there is often a mismatch between this intrinsic curvature and the diameter of the membrane tubules generated. I-BAR domains are especially mysterious since they are almost flat but generate high negative membrane curvature. Here, we use atomistic implicit-solvent computer modeling to show that the membrane bending of the IRSp53 I-BAR domain is dictated by its higher oligomeric structure, whose curvature is completely unrelated to the intrinsic curvature of the dimer. Two other I-BARs give similar results, whereas a flat F-BAR sheet develops a concave membrane-binding interface, consistent with its observed positive membrane curvature generation. Laterally interacting helical spirals of I-BAR dimers on tube interiors are stable and have an enhanced binding energy that is sufficient for membrane bending to experimentally observed tubule diameters at a reasonable surface density.
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16
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Ohashi Y. Activation Mechanisms of the VPS34 Complexes. Cells 2021; 10:cells10113124. [PMID: 34831348 PMCID: PMC8624279 DOI: 10.3390/cells10113124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate (PtdIns(3)P) is essential for cell survival, and its intracellular synthesis is spatially and temporally regulated. It has major roles in two distinctive cellular pathways, namely, the autophagy and endocytic pathways. PtdIns(3)P is synthesized from phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) by PIK3C3C/VPS34 in mammals or Vps34 in yeast. Pathway-specific VPS34/Vps34 activity is the consequence of the enzyme being incorporated into two mutually exclusive complexes: complex I for autophagy, composed of VPS34/Vps34-Vps15/Vps15-Beclin 1/Vps30-ATG14L/Atg14 (mammals/yeast), and complex II for endocytic pathways, in which ATG14L/Atg14 is replaced with UVRAG/Vps38 (mammals/yeast). Because of its involvement in autophagy, defects in which are closely associated with human diseases such as cancer and neurodegenerative diseases, developing highly selective drugs that target specific VPS34/Vps34 complexes is an essential goal in the autophagy field. Recent studies on the activation mechanisms of VPS34/Vps34 complexes have revealed that a variety of factors, including conformational changes, lipid physicochemical parameters, upstream regulators, and downstream effectors, greatly influence the activity of these complexes. This review summarizes and highlights each of these influences as well as clarifying key questions remaining in the field and outlining future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Ohashi
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Protein and Nucleic Acid Chemistry Division, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
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17
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Lysine acetylation regulates the interaction between proteins and membranes. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6466. [PMID: 34753925 PMCID: PMC8578602 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26657-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysine acetylation regulates the function of soluble proteins in vivo, yet it remains largely unexplored whether lysine acetylation regulates membrane protein function. Here, we use bioinformatics, biophysical analysis of recombinant proteins, live-cell fluorescent imaging and genetic manipulation of Drosophila to explore lysine acetylation in peripheral membrane proteins. Analysis of 50 peripheral membrane proteins harboring BAR, PX, C2, or EHD membrane-binding domains reveals that lysine acetylation predominates in membrane-interaction regions. Acetylation and acetylation-mimicking mutations in three test proteins, amphiphysin, EHD2, and synaptotagmin1, strongly reduce membrane binding affinity, attenuate membrane remodeling in vitro and alter subcellular localization. This effect is likely due to the loss of positive charge, which weakens interactions with negatively charged membranes. In Drosophila, acetylation-mimicking mutations of amphiphysin cause severe disruption of T-tubule organization and yield a flightless phenotype. Our data provide mechanistic insights into how lysine acetylation regulates membrane protein function, potentially impacting a plethora of membrane-related processes. Lysine acetylation regulates the function of soluble proteins in vivo, yet it remains largely unexplored whether lysine acetylation regulates the function of membrane proteins. Here, the authors map lysine acetylation predominantly in membrane-interaction regions in peripheral membrane proteins and show with three candidate proteins how lysine acetylation is a regulator of membrane protein function.
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18
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Phillips DA, Zacharoff LA, Hampton CM, Chong GW, Malanoski AP, Metskas LA, Xu S, Bird LJ, Eddie BJ, Miklos AE, Jensen GJ, Drummy LF, El-Naggar MY, Glaven SM. A bacterial membrane sculpting protein with BAR domain-like activity. eLife 2021; 10:60049. [PMID: 34643180 PMCID: PMC8687657 DOI: 10.7554/elife.60049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bin/Amphiphysin/RVS (BAR) domain proteins belong to a superfamily of coiled-coil proteins influencing membrane curvature in eukaryotes and are associated with vesicle biogenesis, vesicle-mediated protein trafficking, and intracellular signaling. Here, we report a bacterial protein with BAR domain-like activity, BdpA, from Shewanella oneidensis MR-1, known to produce redox-active membrane vesicles and micrometer-scale outer membrane extensions (OMEs). BdpA is required for uniform size distribution of membrane vesicles and influences scaffolding of OMEs into a consistent diameter and curvature. Cryo-TEM reveals that a strain lacking BdpA produces lobed, disordered OMEs rather than membrane tubules or narrow chains produced by the wild-type strain. Overexpression of BdpA promotes OME formation during planktonic growth of S. oneidensis where they are not typically observed. Heterologous expression results in OME production in Marinobacter atlanticus and Escherichia coli. Based on the ability of BdpA to alter membrane architecture in vivo, we propose that BdpA and its homologs comprise a newly identified class of bacterial BAR domain-like proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A Phillips
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education / US Army DEVCOM Chemical Biological Center, Aberdeen Proving Grounds, United States
| | - Lori A Zacharoff
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, United States
| | - Cheri M Hampton
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, United States
| | - Grace W Chong
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, United States
| | - Anthony P Malanoski
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, US Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, United States
| | - Lauren Ann Metskas
- Biological Sciences, Chemistry, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, United States
| | - Shuai Xu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, United States
| | - Lina J Bird
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, US Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, United States
| | - Brian J Eddie
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, US Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, United States
| | - Aleksandr E Miklos
- BioSciences Division, BioChemistry Branch, US Army DEVCOM Chemical Biological Center, Aberdeen Proving Ground, United States
| | - Grant J Jensen
- Biology and Bioengineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, United States
| | - Lawrence F Drummy
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, United States
| | - Mohamed Y El-Naggar
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Biological Sciences, and Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, United States
| | - Sarah M Glaven
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, US Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, United States
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19
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Sinsky J, Pichlerova K, Hanes J. Tau Protein Interaction Partners and Their Roles in Alzheimer's Disease and Other Tauopathies. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9207. [PMID: 34502116 PMCID: PMC8431036 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tau protein plays a critical role in the assembly, stabilization, and modulation of microtubules, which are important for the normal function of neurons and the brain. In diseased conditions, several pathological modifications of tau protein manifest. These changes lead to tau protein aggregation and the formation of paired helical filaments (PHF) and neurofibrillary tangles (NFT), which are common hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease and other tauopathies. The accumulation of PHFs and NFTs results in impairment of physiological functions, apoptosis, and neuronal loss, which is reflected as cognitive impairment, and in the late stages of the disease, leads to death. The causes of this pathological transformation of tau protein haven't been fully understood yet. In both physiological and pathological conditions, tau interacts with several proteins which maintain their proper function or can participate in their pathological modifications. Interaction partners of tau protein and associated molecular pathways can either initiate and drive the tau pathology or can act neuroprotective, by reducing pathological tau proteins or inflammation. In this review, we focus on the tau as a multifunctional protein and its known interacting partners active in regulations of different processes and the roles of these proteins in Alzheimer's disease and tauopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jozef Hanes
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 9, 845 10 Bratislava, Slovakia; (J.S.); (K.P.)
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20
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Wunderley L, Zhang L, Yarwood R, Qin W, Lowe M, Woodman P. Endosomal recycling tubule scission and integrin recycling involve the membrane curvature-supporting protein LITAF. J Cell Sci 2021; 134:jcs258549. [PMID: 34342350 PMCID: PMC8353527 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.258549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Recycling to the cell surface requires the scission of tubular membrane intermediates emanating from endosomes. Here, we identify the monotopic membrane protein LPS-induced TNF-activating factor (LITAF) and the related protein cell death involved p53 target 1 (CDIP1) as novel membrane curvature proteins that contribute to recycling tubule scission. Recombinant LITAF supports high membrane curvature, shown by its ability to reduce proteoliposome size. The membrane domains of LITAF and CDIP1 partition strongly into ∼50 nm diameter tubules labelled with the recycling markers Pacsin2, ARF6 and SNX1, and the recycling cargoes MHC class I and CD59. Partitioning of LITAF into tubules is impaired by mutations linked to Charcot Marie Tooth disease type 1C. Meanwhile, co-depletion of LITAF and CDIP1 results in the expansion of tubular recycling compartments and stabilised Rab11 tubules, pointing to a function for LITAF and CDIP1 in membrane scission. Consistent with this, co-depletion of LITAF and CDIP1 impairs integrin recycling and cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Philip Woodman
- Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic and Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
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21
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Recent developments in membrane curvature sensing and induction by proteins. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2021; 1865:129971. [PMID: 34333084 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2021.129971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Membrane-bound intracellular organelles have characteristic shapes attributed to different local membrane curvatures, and these attributes are conserved across species. Over the past decade, it has been confirmed that specific proteins control the large curvatures of the membrane, whereas many others due to their specific structural features can sense the curvatures and bind to the specific geometrical cues. Elucidating the interplay between sensing and induction is indispensable to understand the mechanisms behind various biological processes such as vesicular trafficking and budding. SCOPE OF REVIEW We provide an overview of major classes of membrane proteins and the mechanisms of curvature sensing and induction. We then discuss the importance of membrane elastic characteristics to induce the membrane shapes similar to intracellular organelles. Finally, we survey recently available assays developed for studying the curvature sensing and induction by many proteins. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS Recent theoretical/computational modeling along with experimental studies have uncovered fascinating connections between lipid membrane and protein interactions. However, the phenomena of protein localization and synchronization to generate spatiotemporal dynamics in membrane morphology are yet to be fully understood. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE The understanding of protein-membrane interactions is essential to shed light on various biological processes. This further enables the technological applications of many natural proteins/peptides in therapeutic treatments. The studies of membrane dynamic shapes help to understand the fundamental functions of membranes, while the medicinal roles of various macromolecules (such as proteins, peptides, etc.) are being increasingly investigated.
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22
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Izadi M, Seemann E, Schlobinski D, Schwintzer L, Qualmann B, Kessels MM. Functional interdependence of the actin nucleator Cobl and Cobl-like in dendritic arbor development. eLife 2021; 10:67718. [PMID: 34264190 PMCID: PMC8282341 DOI: 10.7554/elife.67718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Local actin filament formation is indispensable for development of the dendritic arbor of neurons. We show that, surprisingly, the action of single actin filament-promoting factors was insufficient for powering dendritogenesis. Instead, this required the actin nucleator Cobl and its only evolutionary distant ancestor Cobl-like acting interdependently. This coordination between Cobl-like and Cobl was achieved by physical linkage by syndapins. Syndapin I formed nanodomains at convex plasma membrane areas at the base of protrusive structures and interacted with three motifs in Cobl-like, one of which was Ca2+/calmodulin-regulated. Consistently, syndapin I, Cobl-like’s newly identified N terminal calmodulin-binding site and the single Ca2+/calmodulin-responsive syndapin-binding motif all were critical for Cobl-like’s functions. In dendritic arbor development, local Ca2+/CaM-controlled actin dynamics thus relies on regulated and physically coordinated interactions of different F-actin formation-promoting factors and only together they have the power to bring about the sophisticated neuronal morphologies required for neuronal network formation in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Izadi
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Jena University Hospital/Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Eric Seemann
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Jena University Hospital/Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Dirk Schlobinski
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Jena University Hospital/Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Lukas Schwintzer
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Jena University Hospital/Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Britta Qualmann
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Jena University Hospital/Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Michael M Kessels
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Jena University Hospital/Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
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23
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The state of F-BAR domains as membrane-bound oligomeric platforms. Trends Cell Biol 2021; 31:644-655. [PMID: 33888395 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2021.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Fes/Cip4 homology Bin/amphiphysin/Rvs (F-BAR) domains, like all BAR domains, are dimeric units that oligomerize and bind membranes. F-BAR domains are generally coupled to additional domains that function in protein binding or have enzymatic activity. Because of their crescent shape and ability to oligomerize, F-BAR domains have been traditionally viewed as membrane-deformation modules. However, multiple independent studies have provided no evidence that certain F-BAR domains are able to tubulate membrane. Instead, a growing body of literature featuring structural, biochemical, biophysical, and microscopy-based studies supports the idea that the F-BAR domain family can be unified only by their ability to form oligomeric assemblies on membranes to provide platforms for molecular assembly.
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24
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Mahmood MI, Poma AB, Okazaki KI. Optimizing Gō-MARTINI Coarse-Grained Model for F-BAR Protein on Lipid Membrane. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:619381. [PMID: 33693028 PMCID: PMC7937874 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.619381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Coarse-grained (CG) molecular dynamics (MD) simulations allow us to access much larger length and time scales than atomistic MD simulations, providing an attractive alternative to the conventional simulations. Based on the well-known MARTINI CG force field, the recently developed Gō-MARTINI model for proteins describes large-amplitude structural dynamics, which has not been possible with the commonly used elastic network model. Using the Gō-MARTINI model, we conduct MD simulations of the F-BAR Pacsin1 protein on lipid membrane. We observe that structural changes of the non-globular protein are largely dependent on the definition of the native contacts in the Gō model. To address this issue, we introduced a simple cutoff scheme and tuned the cutoff distance of the native contacts and the interaction strength of the Lennard-Jones potentials in the Gō-MARTINI model. With the optimized Gō-MARTINI model, we show that it reproduces structural fluctuations of the Pacsin1 dimer from atomistic simulations. We also show that two Pacsin1 dimers properly assemble through lateral interaction on the lipid membrane. Our work presents a first step towards describing membrane remodeling processes in the Gō-MARTINI CG framework by simulating a crucial step of protein assembly on the membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Iqbal Mahmood
- Department of Theoretical and Computational Molecular Science, Institute for Molecular Science, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Adolfo B Poma
- Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Kei-Ichi Okazaki
- Department of Theoretical and Computational Molecular Science, Institute for Molecular Science, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Japan
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25
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Farmer T, Xie S, Naslavsky N, Stöckli J, James DE, Caplan S. Defining the protein and lipid constituents of tubular recycling endosomes. J Biol Chem 2021; 296:100190. [PMID: 33334886 PMCID: PMC7948492 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.015992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Once internalized, receptors reach the sorting endosome and are either targeted for degradation or recycled to the plasma membrane, a process mediated at least in part by tubular recycling endosomes (TREs). TREs may be efficient for sorting owing to the ratio of large surface membrane area to luminal volume; following receptor segregation, TRE fission likely releases receptor-laden tubules and vesicles for recycling. Despite the importance of TRE networks for recycling, these unique structures remain poorly understood, and unresolved questions relate to their lipid and protein composition and biogenesis. Our previous studies have depicted the endocytic protein MICAL-L1 as an essential TRE constituent, and newer studies show a similar localization for the GTP-binding protein Rab10. We demonstrate that TREs are enriched in both phosphatidic acid (PA) and phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PI(4,5)P2), supporting the idea of MICAL-L1 recruitment by PA and Rab10 recruitment via PI(4,5)P2. Using siRNA knock-down, we demonstrate that Rab10-marked TREs remain prominent in cells upon MICAL-L1 or Syndapin2 depletion. However, depletion of Rab10 or its interaction partner, EHBP1, led to loss of MICAL-L1-marked TREs. We next used phospholipase D inhibitors to decrease PA synthesis, acutely disrupt TREs, and enable monitoring of TRE regeneration after inhibitor washout. Rab10 depletion prevented TRE regeneration, whereas MICAL-L1 knock-down did not. It is surprising that EHBP1 depletion did not affect TRE regeneration under these conditions. Overall, our study supports a primary role for Rab10 and the requirement for PA and PI(4,5)P2 in TRE biogenesis and regeneration, with Rab10 likely linking the sorting endosome to motor proteins and the microtubule network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trey Farmer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Shuwei Xie
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Naava Naslavsky
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Jacqueline Stöckli
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David E James
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Steve Caplan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA; Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA.
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26
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Moqadam M, Tubiana T, Moutoussamy EE, Reuter N. Membrane models for molecular simulations of peripheral membrane proteins. ADVANCES IN PHYSICS: X 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/23746149.2021.1932589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Moqadam
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Computational Biology Unit, Department of Informatics, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Thibault Tubiana
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Computational Biology Unit, Department of Informatics, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Emmanuel E. Moutoussamy
- Computational Biology Unit, Department of Informatics, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Nathalie Reuter
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Computational Biology Unit, Department of Informatics, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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27
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Tian X, Leite DM, Scarpa E, Nyberg S, Fullstone G, Forth J, Matias D, Apriceno A, Poma A, Duro-Castano A, Vuyyuru M, Harker-Kirschneck L, Šarić A, Zhang Z, Xiang P, Fang B, Tian Y, Luo L, Rizzello L, Battaglia G. On the shuttling across the blood-brain barrier via tubule formation: Mechanism and cargo avidity bias. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:6/48/eabc4397. [PMID: 33246953 PMCID: PMC7695481 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abc4397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier is made of polarized brain endothelial cells (BECs) phenotypically conditioned by the central nervous system (CNS). Although transport across BECs is of paramount importance for nutrient uptake as well as ridding the brain of waste products, the intracellular sorting mechanisms that regulate successful receptor-mediated transcytosis in BECs remain to be elucidated. Here, we used a synthetic multivalent system with tunable avidity to the low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1) to investigate the mechanisms of transport across BECs. We used a combination of conventional and super-resolution microscopy, both in vivo and in vitro, accompanied with biophysical modeling of transport kinetics and membrane-bound interactions to elucidate the role of membrane-sculpting protein syndapin-2 on fast transport via tubule formation. We show that high-avidity cargo biases the LRP1 toward internalization associated with fast degradation, while mid-avidity augments the formation of syndapin-2 tubular carriers promoting a fast shuttling across.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohe Tian
- School of Life Science, Anhui University, Hefei, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry, Anhui University, Hefei, P. R. China
- Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Diana M Leite
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, London, UK
- Institute for the Physics of Living Systems, University College London, London, UK
| | - Edoardo Scarpa
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, London, UK
- Institute for the Physics of Living Systems, University College London, London, UK
- SomaNautix Ltd., London, UK
| | - Sophie Nyberg
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, London, UK
- Institute for the Physics of Living Systems, University College London, London, UK
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Gavin Fullstone
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, London, UK
- Institute for the Physics of Living Systems, University College London, London, UK
- Institute of Cell Biology and Immunology, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Joe Forth
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, London, UK
- Institute for the Physics of Living Systems, University College London, London, UK
| | - Diana Matias
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, London, UK
- Institute for the Physics of Living Systems, University College London, London, UK
| | - Azzurra Apriceno
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, London, UK
- Institute for the Physics of Living Systems, University College London, London, UK
| | - Alessandro Poma
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, London, UK
- Institute for the Physics of Living Systems, University College London, London, UK
| | - Aroa Duro-Castano
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, London, UK
- Institute for the Physics of Living Systems, University College London, London, UK
| | - Manish Vuyyuru
- Institute for the Physics of Living Systems, University College London, London, UK
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London, UK
| | - Lena Harker-Kirschneck
- Institute for the Physics of Living Systems, University College London, London, UK
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London, UK
| | - Anđela Šarić
- Institute for the Physics of Living Systems, University College London, London, UK
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London, UK
| | - Zhongping Zhang
- Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, P. R. China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Institute of Intelligent Machines, Chinese Academy of Science, Hefei, China
| | - Pan Xiang
- School of Life Science, Anhui University, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Bin Fang
- Department of Chemistry, Anhui University, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Yupeng Tian
- Department of Chemistry, Anhui University, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Lei Luo
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Loris Rizzello
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, London, UK
- Institute for the Physics of Living Systems, University College London, London, UK
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Giuseppe Battaglia
- Department of Chemistry, Anhui University, Hefei, P. R. China.
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, London, UK
- Institute for the Physics of Living Systems, University College London, London, UK
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
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28
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Gusmira A, Takemura K, Lee SY, Inaba T, Hanawa-Suetsugu K, Oono-Yakura K, Yasuhara K, Kitao A, Suetsugu S. Regulation of caveolae through cholesterol-depletion-dependent tubulation mediated by PACSIN2. J Cell Sci 2020; 133:jcs246785. [PMID: 32878944 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.246785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The membrane-shaping ability of PACSIN2 (also known as syndapin II), which is mediated by its F-BAR domain, has been shown to be essential for caveolar morphogenesis, presumably through the shaping of the caveolar neck. Caveolar membranes contain abundant cholesterol. However, the role of cholesterol in PACSIN2-mediated membrane deformation remains unclear. Here, we show that the binding of PACSIN2 to the membrane can be negatively regulated by cholesterol. We prepared reconstituted membranes based on the lipid composition of caveolae. The reconstituted membrane with cholesterol had a weaker affinity for the F-BAR domain of PACSIN2 than a membrane without cholesterol. Consistent with this, upon depletion of cholesterol from the plasma membrane, PACSIN2 localized at tubules that had caveolin-1 at their tips, suggesting that cholesterol inhibits membrane tubulation mediated by PACSIN2. The tubules induced by PACSIN2 could be representative of an intermediate of caveolae endocytosis. Consistent with this, the removal of caveolae from the plasma membrane upon cholesterol depletion was diminished in the PACSIN2-deficient cells. These data suggest that PACSIN2-mediated caveolae internalization is dependent on the amount of cholesterol, providing a mechanism for cholesterol-dependent regulation of caveolae.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aini Gusmira
- Division of Biological Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Takemura
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Shin Yong Lee
- Division of Biological Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Takehiko Inaba
- Division of Biological Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Kyoko Hanawa-Suetsugu
- Division of Biological Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Kayoko Oono-Yakura
- Division of Biological Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Kazuma Yasuhara
- Division of Material Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Akio Kitao
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Shiro Suetsugu
- Division of Biological Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
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29
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Boll E, Cantrelle FX, Landrieu I, Hirel M, Sinnaeve D, Levy G. 1H, 13C, and 15N chemical shift assignment of human PACSIN1/syndapin I SH3 domain in solution. BIOMOLECULAR NMR ASSIGNMENTS 2020; 14:175-178. [PMID: 32236802 DOI: 10.1007/s12104-020-09940-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Human neuron-specific PACSIN1 plays a key role in synaptic vesicle recycling and endocytosis, as well as reorganization of the microtubule dynamics to maintain axonal plasticity. PACSIN1 contains a highly conserved C-terminal SH3 domain and an F-bar domain at its N-terminus. Due to its remarkable interaction network, PACSIN1 plays a central role in key neuronal functions. Here, we present a robust backbone and side-chain assignment of PACSIN1 SH3 domain based on 2D [1H,15N] HSQC or HMQC, and 3D BEST-HNCO, -HNCACB, -HN(CO)CACB, -HN(CA)CO, and standard (H)CC(CO)NH, HN(CA)NNH, HN(COCA)NH, HBHANNH, HNHA, HBHA(CO)NH, H(CC)(CO)NH, HCCH-TOCSY, that covers 96% for all 13CO, 13Cα and 13Cβ, 28% of 13Cγδε, and 95% of 1HN and 15N chemical shifts. Modelling based on sequence homology with a known related structure, and chemical shift-based secondary structure predictions, identified the presence of five β-strands linked by flexible loops. Taken together, these results open up new avenues to investigate and develop new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuelle Boll
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167 - RID-AGE - Risk Factors and Molecular Determinants of Aging-Related Diseases, Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, 59000, Lille, France
- CNRS ERL Integrative Structural Biology, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Francois-Xavier Cantrelle
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167 - RID-AGE - Risk Factors and Molecular Determinants of Aging-Related Diseases, Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, 59000, Lille, France
- CNRS ERL Integrative Structural Biology, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Isabelle Landrieu
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167 - RID-AGE - Risk Factors and Molecular Determinants of Aging-Related Diseases, Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, 59000, Lille, France
- CNRS ERL Integrative Structural Biology, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Matthieu Hirel
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167 - RID-AGE - Risk Factors and Molecular Determinants of Aging-Related Diseases, Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, 59000, Lille, France
- CNRS ERL Integrative Structural Biology, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Davy Sinnaeve
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167 - RID-AGE - Risk Factors and Molecular Determinants of Aging-Related Diseases, Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, 59000, Lille, France
- CNRS ERL Integrative Structural Biology, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Géraldine Levy
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167 - RID-AGE - Risk Factors and Molecular Determinants of Aging-Related Diseases, Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, 59000, Lille, France.
- CNRS ERL Integrative Structural Biology, 59000, Lille, France.
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30
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Kessels MM, Qualmann B. Interplay between membrane curvature and the actin cytoskeleton. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2020; 68:10-19. [PMID: 32927373 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2020.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
An intimate interplay of the plasma membrane with curvature-sensing and curvature-inducing proteins would allow for defining specific sites or nanodomains of action at the plasma membrane, for example, for protrusion, invagination, and polarization. In addition, such connections are predestined to ensure spatial and temporal order and sequences. The combined forces of membrane shapers and the cortical actin cytoskeleton might hereby in particular be required to overcome the strong resistance against membrane rearrangements in case of high plasma membrane tension or cellular turgor. Interestingly, also the opposite might be necessary, the inhibition of both membrane shapers and cytoskeletal reinforcement structures to relieve membrane tension to protect cells from membrane damage and rupturing during mechanical stress. In this review article, we discuss recent conceptual advances enlightening the interplay of plasma membrane curvature and the cortical actin cytoskeleton during endocytosis, modulations of membrane tensions, and the shaping of entire cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael M Kessels
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Nonnenplan 2-4, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Britta Qualmann
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Nonnenplan 2-4, 07743, Jena, Germany.
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31
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Muralidar S, Ambi SV, Sekaran S, Thirumalai D, Palaniappan B. Role of tau protein in Alzheimer's disease: The prime pathological player. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 163:1599-1617. [PMID: 32784025 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.07.327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a prevalently found tauopathy characterized by memory loss and cognitive insufficiency. AD is an age-related neurodegenerative disease with two major hallmarks which includes extracellular amyloid plaques made of amyloid-β (Aβ) and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles of hyperphosphorylated tau. With population aging worldwide, there is an indispensable need for treatment strategies that can potentially manage this developing dementia. Despite broad researches on targeting Aβ in the past two decades, research findings on Aβ targeted therapeutics failed to prove efficacy in the treatment of AD. Tau protein with its extensive pathological role in several neurodegenerative diseases can be considered as a promising target candidate for developing therapeutic interventions. The abnormal hyperphosphorylation of tau plays detrimental pathological functions which ultimately lead to neurodegeneration. This review will divulge the importance of tau in AD pathogenesis, the interplay of Aβ and tau, the pathological functions of tau, and potential therapeutic strategies for an effective management of neuronal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shibi Muralidar
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed-to-be-University, Thanjavur 613401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Senthil Visaga Ambi
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed-to-be-University, Thanjavur 613401, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Saravanan Sekaran
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed-to-be-University, Thanjavur 613401, Tamil Nadu, India; Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials (CeNTAB), School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed-to-be-University, Thanjavur 613401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Diraviyam Thirumalai
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed-to-be-University, Thanjavur 613401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Balamurugan Palaniappan
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed-to-be-University, Thanjavur 613401, Tamil Nadu, India
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32
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Keeping in touch with the membrane; protein- and lipid-mediated confinement of caveolae to the cell surface. Biochem Soc Trans 2020; 48:155-163. [PMID: 32049332 PMCID: PMC7054752 DOI: 10.1042/bst20190386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Caveolae are small Ω-shaped invaginations of the plasma membrane that play important roles in mechanosensing, lipid homeostasis and signaling. Their typical morphology is characterized by a membrane funnel connecting a spherical bulb to the membrane. Membrane funnels (commonly known as necks and pores) are frequently observed as transient states during fusion and fission of membrane vesicles in cells. However, caveolae display atypical dynamics where the membrane funnel can be stabilized over an extended period of time, resulting in cell surface constrained caveolae. In addition, caveolae are also known to undergo flattening as well as short-range cycles of fission and fusion with the membrane, requiring that the membrane funnel closes or opens up, respectively. This mini-review considers the transition between these different states and highlights the role of the protein and lipid components that have been identified to control the balance between surface association and release of caveolae.
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33
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Sun D, Varlakhanova NV, Tornabene BA, Ramachandran R, Zhang P, Ford MGJ. The cryo-EM structure of the SNX-BAR Mvp1 tetramer. Nat Commun 2020; 11:1506. [PMID: 32198400 PMCID: PMC7083883 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15110-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Sorting nexins (SNX) are a family of PX domain-containing proteins with pivotal roles in trafficking and signaling. SNX-BARs, which also have a curvature-generating Bin/Amphiphysin/Rvs (BAR) domain, have membrane-remodeling functions, particularly at the endosome. The minimal PX-BAR module is a dimer mediated by BAR-BAR interactions. Many SNX-BAR proteins, however, additionally have low-complexity N-terminal regions of unknown function. Here, we present the cryo-EM structure of the full-length SNX-BAR Mvp1, which is an autoinhibited tetramer. The tetramer is a dimer of dimers, wherein the membrane-interacting BAR surfaces are sequestered and the PX lipid-binding sites are occluded. The N-terminal low-complexity region of Mvp1 is essential for tetramerization. Mvp1 lacking its N-terminus is dimeric and exhibits enhanced membrane association. Membrane binding and remodeling by Mvp1 therefore requires unmasking of the PX and BAR domain lipid-interacting surfaces. This work reveals a tetrameric configuration of a SNX-BAR protein that provides critical insight into SNX-BAR function and regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dapeng Sun
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
- Department of Structural Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
| | - Natalia V Varlakhanova
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Bryan A Tornabene
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Rajesh Ramachandran
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Peijun Zhang
- Department of Structural Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA.
- Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK.
- Electron Bio-Imaging Centre, Diamond Light Sources, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE, UK.
| | - Marijn G J Ford
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA.
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Koch N, Koch D, Krueger S, Tröger J, Sabanov V, Ahmed T, McMillan LE, Wolf D, Montag D, Kessels MM, Balschun D, Qualmann B. Syndapin I Loss-of-Function in Mice Leads to Schizophrenia-Like Symptoms. Cereb Cortex 2020; 30:4306-4324. [DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhaa013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Schizophrenia is associated with cognitive and behavioral dysfunctions thought to reflect imbalances in neurotransmission systems. Recent screenings suggested that lack of (functional) syndapin I (PACSIN1) may be linked to schizophrenia. We therefore studied syndapin I KO mice to address the suggested causal relationship to schizophrenia and to analyze associated molecular, cellular, and neurophysiological defects. Syndapin I knockout (KO) mice developed schizophrenia-related behaviors, such as hyperactivity, reduced anxiety, reduced response to social novelty, and an exaggerated novel object response and exhibited defects in dendritic arborization in the cortex. Neuromorphogenic deficits were also observed for a schizophrenia-associated syndapin I mutant in cultured neurons and coincided with a lack of syndapin I–mediated membrane recruitment of cytoskeletal effectors. Syndapin I KO furthermore caused glutamatergic hypofunctions. Syndapin I regulated both AMPAR and NMDAR availabilities at synapses during basal synaptic activity and during synaptic plasticity—particularly striking were a complete lack of long-term potentiation and defects in long-term depression in syndapin I KO mice. These synaptic plasticity defects coincided with alterations of postsynaptic actin dynamics, synaptic GluA1 clustering, and GluA1 mobility. Both GluA1 and GluA2 were not appropriately internalized. Summarized, syndapin I KO led to schizophrenia-like behavior, and our analyses uncovered associated molecular and cellular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Koch
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Jena University Hospital—Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Dennis Koch
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Jena University Hospital—Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Sarah Krueger
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Jena University Hospital—Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Jessica Tröger
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Jena University Hospital—Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Victor Sabanov
- Laboratory of Biological Psychology, Brain & Cognition, University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tariq Ahmed
- Laboratory of Biological Psychology, Brain & Cognition, University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Laura E McMillan
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Jena University Hospital—Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - David Wolf
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Jena University Hospital—Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Dirk Montag
- Neurogenetics Lab, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, 39116 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Michael M Kessels
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Jena University Hospital—Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Detlef Balschun
- Laboratory of Biological Psychology, Brain & Cognition, University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Britta Qualmann
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Jena University Hospital—Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
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35
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The role of membrane-shaping BAR domain proteins in caveolar invagination: from mechanistic insights to pathophysiological consequences. Biochem Soc Trans 2020; 48:137-146. [DOI: 10.1042/bst20190377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The formation of caveolae, bulb-shaped plasma membrane invaginations, requires the coordinated action of distinct lipid-interacting and -shaping proteins. The interdependence of caveolar structure and function has evoked substantial scientific interest given the association of human diseases with caveolar dysfunction. Model systems deficient of core components of caveolae, caveolins or cavins, did not allow for an explicit attribution of observed functional defects to the requirement of caveolar invagination as they lack both invaginated caveolae and caveolin proteins. Knockdown studies in cultured cells and recent knockout studies in mice identified an additional family of membrane-shaping proteins crucial for caveolar formation, syndapins (PACSINs) — BAR domain superfamily proteins characterized by crescent-shaped membrane binding interfaces recognizing and inducing distinct curved membrane topologies. Importantly, syndapin loss-of-function resulted exclusively in impairment of caveolar invagination without a reduction in caveolin or cavin at the plasma membrane, thereby allowing the specific role of the caveolar invagination to be unveiled. Muscle cells of syndapin III KO mice showed severe reductions of caveolae reminiscent of human caveolinopathies and were more vulnerable to membrane damage upon changes in membrane tensions. Consistent with the lack of syndapin III-dependent invaginated caveolae providing mechanoprotection by releasing membrane reservoirs through caveolar flattening, physical exercise of syndapin III KO mice resulted in pathological defects reminiscent of the clinical symptoms of human myopathies associated with caveolin 3 mutation suggesting that the ability of muscular caveolae to respond to mechanical forces is a key physiological process.
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36
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Seemann E, Kessels MM, Qualmann B. Freeze-Fracture Replica Immunolabeling of Cryopreserved Membrane Compartments, Cultured Cells and Tissues. Methods Mol Biol 2020; 2169:11-25. [PMID: 32548815 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0732-9_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Membrane topology information and views of membrane-embedded protein complexes promote our understanding of membrane organization and cell biological function involving membrane compartments. Freeze-fracturing of biological membranes offers both stunning views onto integral membrane proteins and perpendicular views over wide areas of the membrane at electron microscopical resolution. This information is directly assessable for 3D analyses and quantitative analyses of the distribution of components within the membrane if it were possible to specifically detect the components of interest in the membranes. Freeze-fracture replica immunolabeling (FRIL) achieves just that. In addition, FRIL preserves antigens in their genuine cellular context free of artifacts of chemical fixation, as FRIL uses chemically unfixed cellular samples that are rapidly cryofixed. In principle, the method is not limited to integral proteins spanning the membrane. Theoretically, all membrane components should be addressable as long as they are antigenic, embedded into at least one membrane leaflet, and accessible for immunolabeling from either the intracellular or the extracellular side. Consistently, integral proteins spanning both leaflets and only partially inserted membrane proteins have been successfully identified and studied for their molecular organization and distribution in the membrane and/or in relationship to specialized membrane domains. Here we describe the freeze-fracturing of both cultured cells and tissues and the sample preparations that allowed for a successful immunogold-labeling of caveolin1 and caveolin3 or even for double-immunolabelings of caveolins with members of the syndapin family of membrane-associating and -shaping BAR domain proteins as well as with cavin 1. For this purpose samples are cryopreserved, fractured, and replicated. We also describe how the obtained stabilized membrane fractures are then cleaned to remove all loosely attached material and immunogold labeled to finally be viewed by transmission electron microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Seemann
- Institute for Biochemistry I, Jena University Hospital - Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Michael M Kessels
- Institute for Biochemistry I, Jena University Hospital - Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany.
| | - Britta Qualmann
- Institute for Biochemistry I, Jena University Hospital - Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany.
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Hanawa-Suetsugu K, Itoh Y, Ab Fatah M, Nishimura T, Takemura K, Takeshita K, Kubota S, Miyazaki N, Wan Mohamad Noor WNI, Inaba T, Nguyen NTH, Hamada-Nakahara S, Oono-Yakura K, Tachikawa M, Iwasaki K, Kohda D, Yamamoto M, Kitao A, Shimada A, Suetsugu S. Phagocytosis is mediated by two-dimensional assemblies of the F-BAR protein GAS7. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4763. [PMID: 31628328 PMCID: PMC6802115 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12738-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Phagocytosis is a cellular process for internalization of micron-sized large particles including pathogens. The Bin-Amphiphysin-Rvs167 (BAR) domain proteins, including the FCH-BAR (F-BAR) domain proteins, impose specific morphologies on lipid membranes. Most BAR domain proteins are thought to form membrane invaginations or protrusions by assembling into helical submicron-diameter filaments, such as on clathrin-coated pits, caveolae, and filopodia. However, the mechanism by which BAR domain proteins assemble into micron-scale phagocytic cups was unclear. Here, we show that the two-dimensional sheet-like assembly of Growth Arrest-Specific 7 (GAS7) plays a critical role in phagocytic cup formation in macrophages. GAS7 has the F-BAR domain that possesses unique hydrophilic loops for two-dimensional sheet formation on flat membranes. Super-resolution microscopy reveals the similar assemblies of GAS7 on phagocytic cups and liposomes. The mutations of the loops abolishes both the membrane localization of GAS7 and phagocytosis. Thus, the sheet-like assembly of GAS7 plays a significant role in phagocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoko Hanawa-Suetsugu
- 0000 0000 9227 2257grid.260493.aNara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, 630-0192 Japan
| | - Yuzuru Itoh
- 0000 0001 2151 536Xgrid.26999.3dUniversity of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0032 Japan ,0000 0004 1936 9377grid.10548.38Present Address: Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maisarah Ab Fatah
- 0000 0000 9227 2257grid.260493.aNara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, 630-0192 Japan
| | - Tamako Nishimura
- 0000 0000 9227 2257grid.260493.aNara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, 630-0192 Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Takemura
- 0000 0001 2179 2105grid.32197.3eSchool of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, 152-8550 Japan
| | | | - Satoru Kubota
- 0000 0000 9227 2257grid.260493.aNara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, 630-0192 Japan
| | - Naoyuki Miyazaki
- 0000 0004 0373 3971grid.136593.bInstitute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | | | - Takehiko Inaba
- 0000 0000 9227 2257grid.260493.aNara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, 630-0192 Japan
| | - Nhung Thi Hong Nguyen
- 0000 0000 9227 2257grid.260493.aNara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, 630-0192 Japan
| | | | - Kayoko Oono-Yakura
- 0000 0000 9227 2257grid.260493.aNara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, 630-0192 Japan
| | - Masashi Tachikawa
- 0000000094465255grid.7597.cTheoretical Biology Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, 351-0198 Japan
| | - Kenji Iwasaki
- 0000 0004 0373 3971grid.136593.bInstitute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871 Japan ,0000 0001 2369 4728grid.20515.33Present Address: Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance, Life Science Center for Survival Dynamics, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kohda
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5148 Japan ,0000 0001 2242 4849grid.177174.3Division of Structural Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582 Japan
| | | | - Akio Kitao
- 0000 0001 2179 2105grid.32197.3eSchool of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, 152-8550 Japan
| | - Atsushi Shimada
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5148 Japan ,0000 0001 2242 4849grid.177174.3Division of Structural Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582 Japan
| | - Shiro Suetsugu
- 0000 0000 9227 2257grid.260493.aNara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, 630-0192 Japan
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38
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Cheung G, Cousin MA. Synaptic vesicle generation from activity-dependent bulk endosomes requires a dephosphorylation-dependent dynamin-syndapin interaction. J Neurochem 2019; 151:570-583. [PMID: 31479508 PMCID: PMC6899846 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Activity‐dependent bulk endocytosis generates synaptic vesicles (SVs) during intense neuronal activity via a two‐step process. First, bulk endosomes are formed direct from the plasma membrane from which SVs are then generated. SV generation from bulk endosomes requires the efflux of previously accumulated calcium and activation of the protein phosphatase calcineurin. However, it is still unknown how calcineurin mediates SV generation. We addressed this question using a series of acute interventions that decoupled the generation of SVs from bulk endosomes in rat primary neuronal culture. This was achieved by either disruption of protein–protein interactions via delivery of competitive peptides, or inhibition of enzyme activity by known inhibitors. SV generation was monitored using either a morphological horseradish peroxidase assay or an optical assay that monitors the replenishment of the reserve SV pool. We found that SV generation was inhibited by, (i) peptides that disrupt calcineurin interactions, (ii) an inhibitor of dynamin I GTPase activity and (iii) peptides that disrupt the phosphorylation‐dependent dynamin I–syndapin I interaction. Peptides that disrupted syndapin I interactions with eps15 homology domain‐containing proteins had no effect. This revealed that (i) calcineurin must be localized at bulk endosomes to mediate its effect, (ii) dynamin I GTPase activity is essential for SV fission and (iii) the calcineurin‐dependent interaction between dynamin I and syndapin I is essential for SV generation. We therefore propose that a calcineurin‐dependent dephosphorylation cascade that requires both dynamin I GTPase and syndapin I lipid‐deforming activity is essential for SV generation from bulk endosomes. ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Giselle Cheung
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Michael A Cousin
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Muir Maxwell Epilepsy Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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39
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Curvature induction and sensing of the F-BAR protein Pacsin1 on lipid membranes via molecular dynamics simulations. Sci Rep 2019; 9:14557. [PMID: 31601944 PMCID: PMC6787258 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-51202-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
F-Bin/Amphiphysin/Rvs (F-BAR) domain proteins play essential roles in biological processes that involve membrane remodelling, such as endocytosis and exocytosis. It has been shown that such proteins transform the lipid membrane into tubes. Notably, Pacsin1 from the Pacsin/Syndapin subfamily has the ability to transform the membrane into various morphologies: striated tubes, featureless wide and thin tubes, and pearling vesicles. The molecular mechanism of this interesting ability remains elusive. In this study, we performed all-atom (AA) and coarse-grained (CG) molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the curvature induction and sensing mechanisms of Pacsin1 on a membrane. From AA simulations, we show that Pacsin1 has internal structural flexibility. In CG simulations with parameters tuned from the AA simulations, spontaneous assembly of two Pacsin1 dimers through lateral interaction is observed. Based on the complex structure, we show that the regularly assembled Pacsin1 dimers bend a tensionless membrane. We also show that a single Pacsin1 dimer senses the membrane curvature, binding to a buckled membrane with a preferred curvature. These results provide molecular insights into polymorphic membrane remodelling.
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40
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Bahrami A, Bahrami AH. Vesicle constriction by rings of Janus nanoparticles and aggregates of curved proteins. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 30:345101. [PMID: 31048566 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab1ed5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Membrane constriction and associated scission by proteins and nano structures are crucial to many processes in cellular and synthetic biology. We report mechanical constriction of vesicles by rings of adsorbed Janus nanoparticles that represent synthetic nano structures and mimic contractile proteins, and by aggregates of curved crescents that mimic scaffold proteins. Membrane energetics from Monte Carlo simulations and simulated annealing of the elastic membrane model confirms spontaneous vesicle constriction by aggregates of sufficiently-curved crescents of various lengths and by rings of Janus nanoparticles with a variety of ring lengths, particle sizes, and particle area fractions. We show that shorter rings of smaller particles with higher area fractions reinforce the constriction by increasing the energetic drive towards the constricted vesicle with smaller constriction radius. We demonstrate that vesicle constriction by crescent aggregates strongly depends on the crescent curvature. In contrast to aggregates of sufficiently-curved crescents that are capable of inducing full vesicle constriction, those of near flat crescents with negligible curvature leave the vesicle unconstricted. Our results offer promising perspectives for designing membrane-constricting nano structures such as nanoparticle aggregates and clusters of synthetic curved proteins such as DNA origami scaffolds with applications in synthetic biology. Our findings reveal the significant contribution of highly-curved F-BAR domains to cell division and explain how contractile protein rings such as dynamin GTPase, actomyosin rings, and endosomal sorting complexes required for transport constrict the membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Bahrami
- School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, North Kargar St., 14399-57131 Tehran, Iran
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41
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Ogi S, Matsuda A, Otsuka Y, Liu Z, Satoh T, Satoh AK. Syndapin constricts microvillar necks to form a united rhabdomere in Drosophila photoreceptors. Development 2019; 146:dev.169292. [PMID: 31371377 DOI: 10.1242/dev.169292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Drosophila photoreceptors develop from polarized epithelial cells that have apical and basolateral membranes. During morphogenesis, the apical membranes subdivide into a united bundle of photosensory microvilli (rhabdomeres) and a surrounding supporting membrane (stalk). By EMS-induced mutagenesis screening, we found that the F-Bin/Amphiphysin/Rvs (F-BAR) protein syndapin is essential for apical membrane segregation. The analysis of the super-resolution microscopy, STORM and the electron microscopy suggest that syndapin localizes to the neck of the microvilli at the base of the rhabdomere. Syndapin and moesin are required to constrict the neck of the microvilli to organize the membrane architecture at the base of the rhabdomere, to exclude the stalk membrane. Simultaneous loss of syndapin along with the microvilli adhesion molecule chaoptin significantly enhanced the disruption of stalk-rhabdomere segregation. However, loss of the factors involving endocytosis do not interfere. These results indicated syndapin is most likely functioning through its membrane curvature properties, and not through endocytic processes for stalk-rhabdomere segregation. Elucidation of the mechanism of this unconventional domain formation will provide novel insights into the field of cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakiko Ogi
- Program of Life and Environmental Science, Graduate School of Integral Science for Life, Hiroshima University, 1-7-1, Kagamiyama, Higashi-hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan
| | - Atsushi Matsuda
- National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, Advanced ICT Research Institute, 588-2, Iwaoka, Nishi-ku, Kobe 651-2492, Japan
| | - Yuna Otsuka
- Program of Life and Environmental Science, Graduate School of Integral Science for Life, Hiroshima University, 1-7-1, Kagamiyama, Higashi-hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan
| | - Ziguang Liu
- Program of Life and Environmental Science, Graduate School of Integral Science for Life, Hiroshima University, 1-7-1, Kagamiyama, Higashi-hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan.,Institute of Animal Husbandry, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xuefu Road No. 368, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150-086, China
| | - Takunori Satoh
- Program of Life and Environmental Science, Graduate School of Integral Science for Life, Hiroshima University, 1-7-1, Kagamiyama, Higashi-hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan
| | - Akiko K Satoh
- Program of Life and Environmental Science, Graduate School of Integral Science for Life, Hiroshima University, 1-7-1, Kagamiyama, Higashi-hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan
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42
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Noguchi H. Shape transition from elliptical to cylindrical membrane tubes induced by chiral crescent-shaped protein rods. Sci Rep 2019; 9:11721. [PMID: 31409829 PMCID: PMC6692377 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-48102-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteins often form chiral assembly structures on a biomembrane. However, the role of the chirality in the interaction with an achiral membrane is poorly understood. Here, we report how chirality of crescent-shaped protein rods changes their assembly and tubulation using meshless membrane simulations. The achiral rods deformed the membrane tube into an elliptical shape by stabilizing the edges of the ellipse. In contrast, the chiral rods formed a helical assembly that generated a cylindrical membrane tube with a constant radius in addition to the elliptical tube. This helical assembly could be further stabilized by the direct side-to-side attraction between the protein rods. The chirality also promotes the tubulation from a flat membrane. These results agree with experimental findings of the constant radius of membrane tubules induced by the Bin/Amphiphysin/Rvs (BAR) superfamily proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Noguchi
- Institute for Solid State Physics, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8581, Japan.
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43
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Insinna C, Lu Q, Teixeira I, Harned A, Semler EM, Stauffer J, Magidson V, Tiwari A, Kenworthy AK, Narayan K, Westlake CJ. Investigation of F-BAR domain PACSIN proteins uncovers membrane tubulation function in cilia assembly and transport. Nat Commun 2019; 10:428. [PMID: 30683896 PMCID: PMC6347608 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-08192-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The intracellular ciliogenesis pathway requires membrane trafficking, fusion, and reorganization. Here, we demonstrate in human cells and zebrafish that the F-BAR domain containing proteins PACSIN1 and -2 play an essential role in ciliogenesis, similar to their binding partner and membrane reorganizer EHD1. In mature cilia, PACSINs and EHDs are dynamically localized to the ciliary pocket membrane (CPM) and transported away from this structure on membrane tubules along with proteins that exit the cilium. PACSINs function early in ciliogenesis at the ciliary vesicle (CV) stage to promote mother centriole to basal body transition. Remarkably, we show that PACSIN1 and EHD1 assemble membrane t7ubules from the developing intracellular cilium that attach to the plasma membrane, creating an extracellular membrane channel (EMC) to the outside of the cell. Together, our work uncovers a function for F-BAR proteins and membrane tubulation in ciliogenesis and explains how the intracellular cilium emerges from the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Insinna
- Laboratory of Cellular and Developmental Signaling, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Quanlong Lu
- Laboratory of Cellular and Developmental Signaling, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Isabella Teixeira
- Laboratory of Cellular and Developmental Signaling, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Adam Harned
- Center for Molecular Microscopy, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, 21701, USA
- Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Elizabeth M Semler
- Laboratory of Cellular and Developmental Signaling, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Jim Stauffer
- Laboratory of Cellular and Developmental Signaling, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Valentin Magidson
- Laboratory of Cellular and Developmental Signaling, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Ajit Tiwari
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Anne K Kenworthy
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Kedar Narayan
- Center for Molecular Microscopy, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, 21701, USA
- Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Christopher J Westlake
- Laboratory of Cellular and Developmental Signaling, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA.
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44
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BAR domain proteins-a linkage between cellular membranes, signaling pathways, and the actin cytoskeleton. Biophys Rev 2018; 10:1587-1604. [PMID: 30456600 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-018-0467-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Actin filament assembly typically occurs in association with cellular membranes. A large number of proteins sit at the interface between actin networks and membranes, playing diverse roles such as initiation of actin polymerization, modulation of membrane curvature, and signaling. Bin/Amphiphysin/Rvs (BAR) domain proteins have been implicated in all of these functions. The BAR domain family of proteins comprises a diverse group of multi-functional effectors, characterized by their modular architecture. In addition to the membrane-curvature sensing/inducing BAR domain module, which also mediates antiparallel dimerization, most contain auxiliary domains implicated in protein-protein and/or protein-membrane interactions, including SH3, PX, PH, RhoGEF, and RhoGAP domains. The shape of the BAR domain itself varies, resulting in three major subfamilies: the classical crescent-shaped BAR, the more extended and less curved F-BAR, and the inverse curvature I-BAR subfamilies. Most members of this family have been implicated in cellular functions that require dynamic remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton, such as endocytosis, organelle trafficking, cell motility, and T-tubule biogenesis in muscle cells. Here, we review the structure and function of mammalian BAR domain proteins and the many ways in which they are interconnected with the actin cytoskeleton.
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45
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Kamerkar SC, Roy K, Bhattacharyya S, Pucadyil TJ. A Screen for Membrane Fission Catalysts Identifies the ATPase EHD1. Biochemistry 2018; 58:65-71. [PMID: 30403133 PMCID: PMC6327249 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.8b00925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Membrane fission manifests during cell division, synaptic transmission, vesicular transport, and organelle biogenesis, yet identifying proteins that catalyze fission remains a challenge. Using a facile and robust assay system of supported membrane tubes in a microscopic screen that directly monitors membrane tube scission, we detect robust GTP- and ATP-dependent as well as nucleotide-independent fission activity in the brain cytosol. Using previously established interacting partner proteins as bait for pulldowns, we attribute the GTP-dependent fission activity to dynamin. Biochemical fractionation followed by mass spectrometric analyses identifies the Eps15-homology domain-containing protein1 (EHD1) as a novel ATP-dependent membrane fission catalyst. Together, our approach establishes an experimental workflow for the discovery of novel membrane fission catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukrut C Kamerkar
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research , Dr. Homi Bhabha Road , Pashan, Pune 411008 , Maharashtra , India
| | - Krishnendu Roy
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research , Dr. Homi Bhabha Road , Pashan, Pune 411008 , Maharashtra , India
| | - Soumya Bhattacharyya
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research , Dr. Homi Bhabha Road , Pashan, Pune 411008 , Maharashtra , India
| | - Thomas J Pucadyil
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research , Dr. Homi Bhabha Road , Pashan, Pune 411008 , Maharashtra , India
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46
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Cullen PJ, Steinberg F. To degrade or not to degrade: mechanisms and significance of endocytic recycling. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2018; 19:679-696. [PMID: 30194414 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-018-0053-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 314] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Newly endocytosed integral cell surface proteins are typically either directed for degradation or subjected to recycling back to the plasma membrane. The sorting of integral cell surface proteins, including signalling receptors, nutrient transporters, ion channels, adhesion molecules and polarity markers, within the endolysosomal network for recycling is increasingly recognized as an essential feature in regulating the complexities of physiology at the cell, tissue and organism levels. Historically, endocytic recycling has been regarded as a relatively passive process, where the majority of internalized integral proteins are recycled via a nonspecific sequence-independent 'bulk membrane flow' pathway. Recent work has increasingly challenged this view. The discovery of sequence-specific sorting motifs and the identification of cargo adaptors and associated coat complexes have begun to uncover the highly orchestrated nature of endosomal cargo recycling, thereby providing new insight into the function and (patho)physiology of this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Cullen
- School of Biochemistry, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
| | - Florian Steinberg
- Center for Biological Systems Analysis, Albert Ludwigs Universitaet Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany.
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47
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Goretzki B, Glogowski NA, Diehl E, Duchardt-Ferner E, Hacker C, Gaudet R, Hellmich UA. Structural Basis of TRPV4 N Terminus Interaction with Syndapin/PACSIN1-3 and PIP 2. Structure 2018; 26:1583-1593.e5. [PMID: 30244966 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2018.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels are polymodally regulated ion channels. TRPV4 (vanilloid 4) is sensitized by PIP2 and desensitized by Syndapin3/PACSIN3, which bind to the structurally uncharacterized TRPV4 N terminus. We determined the nuclear magnetic resonance structure of the Syndapin3/PACSIN3 SH3 domain in complex with the TRPV4 N-terminal proline-rich region (PRR), which binds as a class I polyproline II (PPII) helix. This PPII conformation is broken by a conserved proline in a cis conformation. Beyond the PPII, we find that the proximal TRPV4 N terminus is unstructured, a feature conserved across species thus explaining the difficulties in resolving it in previous structural studies. Syndapin/PACSIN SH3 domain binding leads to rigidification of both the PRR and the adjacent PIP2 binding site. We determined the affinities of the TRPV4 N terminus for PACSIN1, 2, and 3 SH3 domains and PIP2 and deduce a hierarchical interaction network where Syndapin/PACSIN binding influences the PIP2 binding site but not vice versa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedikt Goretzki
- Institute for Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany; Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance (BMRZ), Goethe-Universität, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Nina A Glogowski
- Institute for Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany; Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance (BMRZ), Goethe-Universität, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Erika Diehl
- Institute for Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany; Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance (BMRZ), Goethe-Universität, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Elke Duchardt-Ferner
- Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance (BMRZ), Goethe-Universität, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Institute for Molecular Biosciences, Goethe-Universität, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Carolin Hacker
- Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance (BMRZ), Goethe-Universität, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Institute for Molecular Biosciences, Goethe-Universität, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Rachelle Gaudet
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Ute A Hellmich
- Institute for Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany; Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance (BMRZ), Goethe-Universität, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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48
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Franquelim HG, Khmelinskaia A, Sobczak JP, Dietz H, Schwille P. Membrane sculpting by curved DNA origami scaffolds. Nat Commun 2018; 9:811. [PMID: 29476101 PMCID: PMC5824810 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03198-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Membrane sculpting and transformation is essential for many cellular functions, thus being largely regulated by self-assembling and self-organizing protein coats. Their functionality is often encoded by particular spatial structures. Prominent examples are BAR domain proteins, the ‘banana-like’ shapes of which are thought to aid scaffolding and membrane tubulation. To elucidate whether 3D structure can be uncoupled from other functional features of complex scaffolding proteins, we hereby develop curved DNA origami in various shapes and stacking features, following the presumable design features of BAR proteins, and characterize their ability for membrane binding and transformation. We show that dependent on curvature, membrane affinity and surface density, DNA origami coats can indeed reproduce the activity of membrane-sculpting proteins such as BAR, suggesting exciting perspectives for using them in bottom-up approaches towards minimal biomimetic cellular machineries. BAR domain proteins feature a “banana-like” shape which is thought to aid membrane scaffolding and membrane tubulation. Here authors use DNA origami mimicking BAR domains, giant unilamellar vesicles and fluorescence imaging to study how different BAR domain shapes bind and deform membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henri G Franquelim
- Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, D-82152, Martinsried near Munich, Planegg, Germany
| | - Alena Khmelinskaia
- Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, D-82152, Martinsried near Munich, Planegg, Germany.,Graduate School of Quantitative Biosciences, Ludwig-Maximilans-University, D-81337, Munich, Germany
| | - Jean-Philippe Sobczak
- Physics Department and Institute of Advanced Study, Technische Universität München, D-85748, Garching near Munich, Germany
| | - Hendrik Dietz
- Physics Department and Institute of Advanced Study, Technische Universität München, D-85748, Garching near Munich, Germany
| | - Petra Schwille
- Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, D-82152, Martinsried near Munich, Planegg, Germany.
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Milosevic I. Revisiting the Role of Clathrin-Mediated Endoytosis in Synaptic Vesicle Recycling. Front Cell Neurosci 2018; 12:27. [PMID: 29467622 PMCID: PMC5807904 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2018.00027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Without robust mechanisms to efficiently form new synaptic vesicles (SVs), the tens to hundreds of SVs typically present at the neuronal synapse would be rapidly used up, even at modest levels of neuronal activity. SV recycling is thus critical for synaptic physiology and proper function of sensory and nervous systems. Yet, more than four decades after it was originally proposed that the SVs are formed and recycled locally at the presynaptic terminals, the mechanisms of endocytic processes at the synapse are heavily debated. Clathrin-mediated endocytosis, a type of endocytosis that capitalizes on the clathrin coat, a number of adaptor and accessory proteins, and the GTPase dynamin, is well understood, while the contributions of clathrin-independent fast endocytosis, kiss-and-run, bulk endocytosis and ultrafast endocytosis are still being evaluated. This review article revisits and summarizes the current knowledge on the SV reformation with a focus on clathrin-mediated endocytosis, and it discusses the modes of SV formation from endosome-like structures at the synapse. Given the importance of this topic, future advances in this active field are expected to contribute to better comprehension of neurotransmission, and to have general implications for neuroscience and medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ira Milosevic
- Synaptic Vesicle Dynamics Group, European Neuroscience Institute (ENI), University Medical Center Göttingen (UMG), Göttingen, Germany
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Noguchi H. Acceleration and suppression of banana-shaped-protein-induced tubulation by addition of small membrane inclusions of isotropic spontaneous curvatures. SOFT MATTER 2017; 13:7771-7779. [PMID: 29018843 DOI: 10.1039/c7sm01375b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Membrane tubulation induced by banana-shaped protein rods is investigated by using coarse-grained meshless membrane simulations. It is found that tubulation is promoted by laterally isotropic membrane inclusions that generate the same sign of spontaneous curvature as the adsorbed protein rods. The inclusions are concentrated in the tubules and reduce the bending energy of the tip of the tubules. On the other hand, inclusions with an opposite curvature suppress tubulation by percolated-network formation at a high protein-rod density while they induce the formation of a spherical membrane bud at a low rod density. When equal amounts of the two types of inclusions (with positive and negative curvatures) are added, their effects cancel each other for the first short period but later the tubulation is slowly accelerated. Positive surface tension suppresses tubulation. Our results suggest that the cooperation of scaffolding of BAR (Bin/Amphiphysin/Rvs) domains and isotropic membrane inclusions is important for tubulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Noguchi
- Institute for Solid State Physics, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan.
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