1
|
Bannunah A, Cavanagh R, Shubber S, Vllasaliu D, Stolnik S. Difference in Endocytosis Pathways Used by Differentiated Versus Nondifferentiated Epithelial Caco-2 Cells to Internalize Nanosized Particles. Mol Pharm 2024; 21:3603-3612. [PMID: 38864426 PMCID: PMC11220748 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.4c00333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Understanding the internalization of nanosized particles by mucosal epithelial cells is essential in a number of areas including viral entry at mucosal surfaces, nanoplastic pollution, as well as design and development of nanotechnology-type medicines. Here, we report our comparative study on pathways of cellular internalization in epithelial Caco-2 cells cultured in vitro as either a polarized, differentiated cell layer or as nonpolarized, nondifferentiated cells. The study reveals a number of differences in the extent that endocytic processes are used by cells, depending on their differentiation status and the nature of applied nanoparticles. In polarized cells, actin-driven and dynamin-independent macropinocytosis plays a prominent role in the internalization of both positively and negatively charged nanoparticles, contrary to its modest contribution in nonpolarized cells. Clathrin-mediated cellular entry plays a prominent role in the endocytosis of positive nanoparticles and cholesterol inhibition in negative nanoparticles. However, in nonpolarized cells, dynamin-dependent endocytosis is a major pathway in the internalization of both positive and negative nanoparticles. Cholesterol depletion affects both nonpolarized and polarized cells' internalization of positive and negative nanoparticles, which, in addition to the effect of cholesterol-binding inhibitors on the internalization of negative nanoparticles, indicates the importance of membrane cholesterol in endocytosis. The data collectively provide a new contribution to understanding endocytic pathways in epithelial cells, particularly pointing to the importance of the cell differentiation stage and the nature of the cargo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Azzah Bannunah
- School
of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K.
| | - Robert Cavanagh
- School
of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K.
| | - Saif Shubber
- School
of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K.
| | - Driton Vllasaliu
- School
of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences
& Medicine, King’s College London,
Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, U.K.
| | - Snow Stolnik
- School
of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Groza R, Schmidt KV, Müller PM, Ronchi P, Schlack-Leigers C, Neu U, Puchkov D, Dimova R, Matthaeus C, Taraska J, Weikl TR, Ewers H. Adhesion energy controls lipid binding-mediated endocytosis. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2767. [PMID: 38553473 PMCID: PMC10980822 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47109-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Several bacterial toxins and viruses can deform membranes through multivalent binding to lipids for clathrin-independent endocytosis. However, it remains unclear, how membrane deformation and endocytic internalization are mechanistically linked. Here we show that many lipid-binding virions induce membrane deformation and clathrin-independent endocytosis, suggesting a common mechanism based on multivalent lipid binding by globular particles. We create a synthetic cellular system consisting of a lipid-anchored receptor in the form of GPI-anchored anti-GFP nanobodies and a multivalent globular binder exposing 180 regularly-spaced GFP molecules on its surface. We show that these globular, 40 nm diameter, particles bind to cells expressing the receptor, deform the plasma membrane upon adhesion and become endocytosed in a clathrin-independent manner. We explore the role of the membrane adhesion energy in endocytosis by using receptors with affinities varying over 7 orders of magnitude. Using this system, we find that once a threshold in adhesion energy is overcome to allow for membrane deformation, endocytosis occurs reliably. Multivalent, binding-induced membrane deformation by globular binders is thus sufficient for internalization to occur and we suggest it is the common, purely biophysical mechanism for lipid-binding mediated endocytosis of toxins and pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raluca Groza
- Institute of Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Thielallee 63, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kita Valerie Schmidt
- Institute of Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Thielallee 63, 14195, Berlin, Germany
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Potsdam Science Park, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Paul Markus Müller
- Institute of Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Thielallee 63, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Paolo Ronchi
- Electron Microscopy Core Facility, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Claire Schlack-Leigers
- Institute of Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Thielallee 63, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ursula Neu
- Institute of Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Thielallee 63, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dmytro Puchkov
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rumiana Dimova
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Potsdam Science Park, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Claudia Matthaeus
- National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- Institute for Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Justin Taraska
- National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Thomas R Weikl
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Potsdam Science Park, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Helge Ewers
- Institute of Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Thielallee 63, 14195, Berlin, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Groza R, Schmidt KV, Müller PM, Ronchi P, Schlack-Leigers C, Neu U, Puchkov D, Dimova R, Matthäus C, Taraska J, Weikl TR, Ewers H. Adhesion energy controls lipid binding-mediated endocytosis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.06.23.546235. [PMID: 37503169 PMCID: PMC10370163 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.23.546235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Several bacterial toxins and viruses can deform membranes through multivalent binding to lipids for clathrin-independent endocytosis. However, it remains unclear, how membrane deformation and endocytic internalization are mechanistically linked. Here we show that many lipid-binding virions induce membrane deformation and clathrin-independent endocytosis, suggesting a common mechanism based on multivalent lipid binding by globular particles. We create a synthetic cellular system consisting of a lipid-anchored receptor in the form of GPI-anchored anti-GFP nanobodies and a multivalent globular binder exposing 180 regularly-spaced GFP molecules on its surface. We show that these globular, 40 nm diameter, particles bind to cells expressing the receptor, deform the plasma membrane upon adhesion and become endocytosed in a clathrin-independent manner. We explore the role of the membrane adhesion energy in endocytosis by using receptors with affinities varying over 7 orders of magnitude. Using this system, we find that once a threshold in adhesion energy is overcome to allow for membrane deformation, endocytosis occurs reliably. Multivalent, binding-induced membrane deformation by globular binders is thus sufficient for internalization to occur and we suggest it is the common, purely biophysical mechanism for lipid-binding mediated endocytosis of toxins and pathogens.
Collapse
|
4
|
Bouslama R, Dumont V, Lindfors S, Paavolainen L, Tienari J, Nisen H, Mirtti T, Saleem MA, Gordin D, Groop PH, Suetsugu S, Lehtonen S. Phosphorylation of PACSIN2 at S313 Regulates Podocyte Architecture in Coordination with N-WASP. Cells 2023; 12:1487. [PMID: 37296607 PMCID: PMC10252800 DOI: 10.3390/cells12111487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Changes in the dynamic architecture of podocytes, the glomerular epithelial cells, lead to kidney dysfunction. Previous studies on protein kinase C and casein kinase 2 substrates in neurons 2 (PACSIN2), a known regulator of endocytosis and cytoskeletal organization, reveal a connection between PACSIN2 and kidney pathogenesis. Here, we show that the phosphorylation of PACSIN2 at serine 313 (S313) is increased in the glomeruli of rats with diabetic kidney disease. We found that phosphorylation at S313 is associated with kidney dysfunction and increased free fatty acids rather than with high glucose and diabetes alone. Phosphorylation of PACSIN2 emerged as a dynamic process that fine-tunes cell morphology and cytoskeletal arrangement, in cooperation with the regulator of the actin cytoskeleton, Neural Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (N-WASP). PACSIN2 phosphorylation decreased N-WASP degradation while N-WASP inhibition triggered PACSIN2 phosphorylation at S313. Functionally, pS313-PACSIN2 regulated actin cytoskeleton rearrangement depending on the type of cell injury and the signaling pathways involved. Collectively, this study indicates that N-WASP induces phosphorylation of PACSIN2 at S313, which serves as a mechanism whereby cells regulate active actin-related processes. The dynamic phosphorylation of S313 is needed to regulate cytoskeletal reorganization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rim Bouslama
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Vincent Dumont
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sonja Lindfors
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Lassi Paavolainen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE), University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jukka Tienari
- Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, and Helsinki University Hospital, 05850 Hyvinkää, Finland
| | - Harry Nisen
- Department of Urology, Helsinki University Hospital, 00029 HUS, Finland
| | - Tuomas Mirtti
- Department of Pathology, Helsinki University Hospital, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program in Systems Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Moin A. Saleem
- Children’s Renal Unit, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Daniel Gordin
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
- Abdominal Center, Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
- Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Per-Henrik Groop
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Nephrology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, and Helsinki University Hospital, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Shiro Suetsugu
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma 630-0192, Japan
- Data Science Center, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma 630-0192, Japan
- Center for Digital Green-Innovation, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma 630-0192, Japan
| | - Sanna Lehtonen
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sokac AM, Biel N, De Renzis S. Membrane-actin interactions in morphogenesis: Lessons learned from Drosophila cellularization. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2023; 133:107-122. [PMID: 35396167 PMCID: PMC9532467 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2022.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
During morphogenesis, changes in the shapes of individual cells are harnessed to mold an entire tissue. These changes in cell shapes require the coupled remodeling of the plasma membrane and underlying actin cytoskeleton. In this review, we highlight cellularization of the Drosophila embryo as a model system to uncover principles of how membrane and actin dynamics are co-regulated in space and time to drive morphogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Marie Sokac
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Graduate Program in Integrative and Molecular Biomedical Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Natalie Biel
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Graduate Program in Integrative and Molecular Biomedical Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Stefano De Renzis
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory Heidelberg, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Herold R, Sünwoldt G, Stump-Guthier C, Weiss C, Ishikawa H, Schroten H, Adam R, Schwerk C. Invasion of the choroid plexus epithelium by Neisseria meningitidis is differently mediated by Arp2/3 signaling and possibly by dynamin dependent on the presence of the capsule. Pathog Dis 2021; 79:6354783. [PMID: 34410374 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftab042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Neisseria meningitis (Nm) is a human-specific bacterial pathogen that can cause sepsis and meningitis. To cause meningitis Nm must enter the central nervous system (CNS) across one of the barriers between the blood and the brain. We have previously shown that a capsule-depleted Serogroup B strain of Nm displays enhanced invasion into human choroid plexus (CP) epithelial papilloma (HIBCPP) cells, which represent an in vitro model of the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCSFB). Still, the processes involved during CNS invasion by Nm, especially the role of host cell actin cytoskeleton remodeling, are not investigated in detail. Here, we demonstrate that invasion into CP epithelial cells by encapsulated and capsule-depleted Nm is mediated by distinct host cell pathways. Whereas a Serogroup B wild-type strain enters HIBCPP cells by a possibly dynamin-independent, but actin related protein 2/3 (Arp2/3)-dependent mechanism, invasion by a capsule-depleted mutant is reduced by the dynamin inhibitor dynasore and Arp2/3-independent. Both wild-type and mutant bacteria require Src kinase activity for entry into HIBCPP cells. Our data show that Nm can employ different mechanisms for invasion into the CP epithelium dependent on the presence of a capsule.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosanna Herold
- Medical Faculty Mannheim, Department of Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, D-68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Gina Sünwoldt
- Medical Faculty Mannheim, Department of Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, D-68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Carolin Stump-Guthier
- Medical Faculty Mannheim, Department of Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, D-68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Christel Weiss
- Medical Faculty Mannheim, Department of Medical Statistics and Biomathematics, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, D-68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Hiroshi Ishikawa
- Faculty of Medicine, Laboratory of Clinical Regenerative Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Horst Schroten
- Medical Faculty Mannheim, Department of Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, D-68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Adam
- Medical Faculty Mannheim, Department of Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, D-68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Christian Schwerk
- Medical Faculty Mannheim, Department of Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, D-68167 Mannheim, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Lynn KS, Easley KF, Martinez FJ, Reed RC, Schlingmann B, Koval M. Asymmetric distribution of dynamin-2 and β-catenin relative to tight junction spikes in alveolar epithelial cells. Tissue Barriers 2021; 9:1929786. [PMID: 34107845 DOI: 10.1080/21688370.2021.1929786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Tight junctions between lung alveolar epithelial cells maintain an air-liquid barrier necessary for healthy lung function. Previously, we found that rearrangement of tight junctions from a linear, cortical orientation into perpendicular protrusions (tight junction spikes) is associated with a decrease in alveolar barrier function, especially in alcoholic lung syndrome. Using quantitative super-resolution microscopy, we found that spikes in control cells were enriched for claudin-18 as compared with alcohol-exposed cells. Moreover, using an in situ method to measure barrier function, tight junction spikes were not associated with localized increases in permeability. This suggests that tight junction spikes have a regulatory role as opposed to causing a physical weakening of the epithelial barrier. We found that tight junction spikes form at cell-cell junctions oriented away from pools of β-catenin associated with actin filaments, suggesting that adherens junctions determine the directionality of tight junction spikes. Dynamin-2 was associated with junctional claudin-18 and ZO-1, but showed little localization with β-catenin and tight junction spikes. Treatment with Dynasore decreased the number of tight junction spikes/cell, increased tight junction spike length, and stimulated actin to redistribute to cortical tight junctions. By contrast, Dynole 34-2 and MiTMAB altered β-catenin localization, and reduced tight junction spike length. These data suggest a novel role for dynamin-2 in tight junction spike formation by reorienting junction-associated actin. Moreover, the greater spatial separation of adherens and tight junctions in squamous alveolar epithelial cells as compared with columnar epithelial cells facilitates analysis of molecular regulation of the apical junctional complex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Sabrina Lynn
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, USA
| | - Kristen F Easley
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, USA
| | - Francisco J Martinez
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, USA
| | - Ryan C Reed
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, USA
| | - Barbara Schlingmann
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, USA
| | - Michael Koval
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, USA.,Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Recruitment of Polarity Complexes and Tight Junction Proteins to the Site of Apical Bulk Endocytosis. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 12:59-80. [PMID: 33548596 PMCID: PMC8082271 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2021.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The molecular motor, Myosin Vb (MYO5B), is well documented for its role in trafficking cargo to the apical membrane of epithelial cells. Despite its involvement in regulating apical proteins, the role of MYO5B in cell polarity is less clear. Inactivating mutations in MYO5B result in microvillus inclusion disease (MVID), a disorder characterized by loss of key apical transporters and the presence of intracellular inclusions in enterocytes. We previously identified that inclusions in Myo5b knockout (KO) mice form from invagination of the apical brush border via apical bulk endocytosis. Herein, we sought to elucidate the role of polarity complexes and tight junction proteins during the formation of inclusions. METHODS Intestinal tissue from neonatal control and Myo5b KO littermates was analyzed by immunofluorescence to determine the localization of polarity complexes and tight junction proteins. RESULTS Proteins that make up the apical polarity complexes-Crumbs3 and Pars complexes-were associated with inclusions in Myo5b KO mice. In addition, tight junction proteins were observed to be concentrated over inclusions that were present at the apical membrane of Myo5b-deficient enterocytes in vivo and in vitro. Our mouse findings are complemented by immunostaining in a large animal swine model of MVID genetically engineered to express a human MVID-associated mutation that shows an accumulation of Claudin-2 over forming inclusions. The findings from our swine model of MVID suggest that a similar mechanism of tight junction accumulation occurs in patients with MVID. CONCLUSIONS These data show that apical bulk endocytosis involves the altered localization of apical polarity proteins and tight junction proteins after loss of Myo5b.
Collapse
|
9
|
Sajed R, Saeednejad Zanjani L, Rahimi M, Mansoori M, Zarnani AH, Madjd Z, Ghods R. Overexpression and translocation of dynamin 2 promotes tumor aggressiveness in breast carcinomas. EXCLI JOURNAL 2020; 19:1423-1435. [PMID: 33250680 PMCID: PMC7689243 DOI: 10.17179/excli2020-2762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Dynamin 2 is a GTPase protein that has been implicated in cancer progression through its various roles such as endocytosis, morphogenesis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), cellular contractions, and focal adhesion maturation. The increased expression levels of this molecule have been demonstrated with the development of several cancers such as prostate, pancreas, and bladder. However, its clinical significance in breast cancer is unclear yet. In the present study, the membranous, cytoplasmic, and nuclear expression levels of dynamin 2 molecule were evaluated for the first time, using immunohistochemistry (IHC) on tissue microarray (TMA) slides in 113 invasive breast cancer tissues. Moreover, afterward, the association between the dynamin 2 expression and clinicopathological features was determined. Our finding showed that, a higher nuclear expression of dynamin 2 is significantly associated with an increase in tumor stage (P = 0.05), histological grade (P = 0.001), and age of the patients (P = 0.03). In addition, analysis of the cytoplasmic expression levels of this molecule revealed that, there was a statistically significant difference between the expression levels of dynamin 2 among the different breast cancer subtypes (P = 0.003). Moreover, a significant association was found between the increased expression of dynamin 2 membranous and vascular invasion (VI) (P = 0.02). We showed that dynamin 2 protein expression has an association with more aggressive tumor behavior and more advanced disease in the patients with breast cancer; therefore, dynamin 2 molecule could be considered as an indicator of disease progression and aggressiveness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roya Sajed
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medicine Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran.,Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mandana Rahimi
- Hasheminejad Kidney Center, Pathology Department, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Mansoori
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medicine Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran.,Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir-Hassan Zarnani
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran.,Reproductive Immunology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute (ACECR), Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Madjd
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medicine Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran.,Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Roya Ghods
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medicine Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran.,Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Cordero A, Kanojia D, Miska J, Panek WK, Xiao A, Han Y, Bonamici N, Zhou W, Xiao T, Wu M, Ahmed AU, Lesniak MS. FABP7 is a key metabolic regulator in HER2+ breast cancer brain metastasis. Oncogene 2019; 38:6445-6460. [PMID: 31324889 PMCID: PMC6742563 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-0893-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Overexpression of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) in breast cancer patients is associated with increased incidence of breast cancer brain metastases (BCBM), but the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon remain unclear. Here, to identify brain-predominant genes critical for the establishment of BCBM, we conducted an in silico screening analysis and identified that increased levels of fatty acid-binding protein 7 (FABP7) correlate with a lower survival and higher incidence of brain metastases in breast cancer patients. We validated these findings using HER2+ BCBM cells compared with parental breast cancer cells. Importantly, through knockdown and overexpression assays, we characterized the role of FABP7 in the BCBM process in vitro and in vivo. Our results uncover a key role of FABP7 in metabolic reprogramming of HER2 + breast cancer cells, supporting a glycolytic phenotype and storage of lipid droplets that enable their adaptation and survival in the brain microenvironment. In addition, FABP7 is shown to be required for upregulation of key metastatic genes and pathways, such as integrins-Src and VEGFA, and for the growth of HER2+ breast cancer cells in the brain microenvironment in vivo. Together, our results support FABP7 as a potential target for the treatment of HER2+ BCBM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alex Cordero
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Deepak Kanojia
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Jason Miska
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Wojciech K Panek
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Annie Xiao
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Yu Han
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Nicolas Bonamici
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Weidong Zhou
- Center for Applied Proteomics and Molecular Medicine, George Mason University, Manassas, VA, 20110, USA
| | - Ting Xiao
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Meijing Wu
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Atique U Ahmed
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Maciej S Lesniak
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Joseph SR, Gaffney D, Barry R, Hu L, Banushi B, Wells JW, Lambie D, Strutton G, Porceddu SV, Burmeister B, Leggatt GR, Schaider H, Dolcetti R, Frazer IH, Saunders NA, Foote M, Soyer HP, Simpson F. An Ex Vivo Human Tumor Assay Shows Distinct Patterns of EGFR Trafficking in Squamous Cell Carcinoma Correlating to Therapeutic Outcomes. J Invest Dermatol 2019; 139:213-223. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.06.190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
|
12
|
Fenix AM, Neininger AC, Taneja N, Hyde K, Visetsouk MR, Garde RJ, Liu B, Nixon BR, Manalo AE, Becker JR, Crawley SW, Bader DM, Tyska MJ, Liu Q, Gutzman JH, Burnette DT. Muscle-specific stress fibers give rise to sarcomeres in cardiomyocytes. eLife 2018; 7:42144. [PMID: 30540249 PMCID: PMC6307863 DOI: 10.7554/elife.42144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The sarcomere is the contractile unit within cardiomyocytes driving heart muscle contraction. We sought to test the mechanisms regulating actin and myosin filament assembly during sarcomere formation. Therefore, we developed an assay using human cardiomyocytes to monitor sarcomere assembly. We report a population of muscle stress fibers, similar to actin arcs in non-muscle cells, which are essential sarcomere precursors. We show sarcomeric actin filaments arise directly from muscle stress fibers. This requires formins (e.g., FHOD3), non-muscle myosin IIA and non-muscle myosin IIB. Furthermore, we show short cardiac myosin II filaments grow to form ~1.5 μm long filaments that then 'stitch' together to form the stack of filaments at the core of the sarcomere (i.e., the A-band). A-band assembly is dependent on the proper organization of actin filaments and, as such, is also dependent on FHOD3 and myosin IIB. We use this experimental paradigm to present evidence for a unifying model of sarcomere assembly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aidan M Fenix
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, United States
| | - Abigail C Neininger
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, United States
| | - Nilay Taneja
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, United States
| | - Karren Hyde
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, United States
| | - Mike R Visetsouk
- Department of Biological Sciences, Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Wisconsin Milwaukee, Milwaukee, United States
| | - Ryan J Garde
- Department of Biological Sciences, Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Wisconsin Milwaukee, Milwaukee, United States
| | - Baohong Liu
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, United States
| | - Benjamin R Nixon
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, United States
| | - Annabelle E Manalo
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, United States
| | - Jason R Becker
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, United States
| | - Scott W Crawley
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Toledo, Toledo, United States
| | - David M Bader
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, United States
| | - Matthew J Tyska
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, United States
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, United States
| | - Jennifer H Gutzman
- Department of Biological Sciences, Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Wisconsin Milwaukee, Milwaukee, United States
| | - Dylan T Burnette
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, United States
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Odenwald MA, Choi W, Kuo WT, Singh G, Sailer A, Wang Y, Shen L, Fanning AS, Turner JR. The scaffolding protein ZO-1 coordinates actomyosin and epithelial apical specializations in vitro and in vivo. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:17317-17335. [PMID: 30242130 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.003908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Polarized epithelia assemble into sheets that compartmentalize organs and generate tissue barriers by integrating apical surfaces into a single, unified structure. This tissue organization is shared across organs, species, and developmental stages. The processes that regulate development and maintenance of apical epithelial surfaces are, however, undefined. Here, using an intestinal epithelial-specific knockout (KO) mouse and cultured epithelial cells, we show that the tight junction scaffolding protein zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) is essential for development of unified apical surfaces in vivo and in vitro We found that U5 and GuK domains of ZO-1 are necessary for proper apical surface assembly, including organization of microvilli and cortical F-actin; however, direct interactions with F-actin through the ZO-1 actin-binding region (ABR) are not required. ZO-1 lacking the PDZ1 domain, which binds claudins, rescued apical structure in ZO-1-deficient epithelia, but not in cells lacking both ZO-1 and ZO-2, suggesting that heterodimerization with ZO-2 restores PDZ1-dependent ZO-1 interactions that are vital to apical surface organization. Pharmacologic F-actin disruption, myosin II motor inhibition, or dynamin inactivation restored apical epithelial structure in vitro and in vivo, indicating that ZO-1 directs epithelial organization by regulating actomyosin contraction and membrane traffic. We conclude that multiple ZO-1-mediated interactions contribute to coordination of epithelial actomyosin function and genesis of unified apical surfaces.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Wangsun Choi
- the Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, and
| | - Wei-Ting Kuo
- the Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, and
| | - Gurminder Singh
- From the Departments of Pathology and.,the Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, and
| | | | | | - Le Shen
- From the Departments of Pathology and.,Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637
| | - Alan S Fanning
- the Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
| | - Jerrold R Turner
- From the Departments of Pathology and .,the Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, and
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
López-Posadas R, Stürzl M, Atreya I, Neurath MF, Britzen-Laurent N. Interplay of GTPases and Cytoskeleton in Cellular Barrier Defects during Gut Inflammation. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1240. [PMID: 29051760 PMCID: PMC5633683 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
An essential role of the intestine is to build and maintain a barrier preventing the luminal gut microbiota from invading the host. This involves two coordinated physical and immunological barriers formed by single layers of intestinal epithelial and endothelial cells, which avoid the activation of local immune responses or the systemic dissemination of microbial agents, and preserve tissue homeostasis. Accordingly, alterations of epithelial and endothelial barrier functions have been associated with gut inflammation, for example during inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The discriminative control of nutriment uptake and sealing toward potentially pathological microorganisms requires a profound regulation of para- and transcellular permeability. On the subcellular level, the cytoskeleton exerts key regulatory functions in the maintenance of cellular barriers. Increased epithelial/endothelial permeability occurs primarily as a result of a reorganization of cytoskeletal–junctional complexes. Pro-inflammatory mediators such as cytokines can induce cytoskeletal rearrangements, causing inflammation-dependent defects in gut barrier function. In this context, small GTPases of the Rho family and large GTPases from the Dynamin superfamily appear as major cellular switches regulating the interaction between intercellular junctions and actomyosin complexes, and in turn cytoskeleton plasticity. Strikingly, some of these proteins, such as RhoA or guanylate-binding protein-1 (GBP-1) have been associated with gut inflammation and IBD. In this review, we will summarize the role of small and large GTPases for cytoskeleton plasticity and epithelial/endothelial barrier in the context of gut inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Imke Atreya
- Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Yano T, Kanoh H, Tamura A, Tsukita S. Apical cytoskeletons and junctional complexes as a combined system in epithelial cell sheets. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2017; 1405:32-43. [DOI: 10.1111/nyas.13432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoki Yano
- Laboratory of Biological Science, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences and Graduate School of Medicine; Osaka University; Osaka Japan
| | - Hatsuho Kanoh
- Laboratory of Biological Science, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences and Graduate School of Medicine; Osaka University; Osaka Japan
- Graduate School of Biostudies; Kyoto University; Kyoto Japan
| | - Atsushi Tamura
- Laboratory of Biological Science, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences and Graduate School of Medicine; Osaka University; Osaka Japan
| | - Sachiko Tsukita
- Laboratory of Biological Science, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences and Graduate School of Medicine; Osaka University; Osaka Japan
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Okon IS, Ding Y, Coughlan KA, Wang Q, Song P, Benbrook DM, Zou MH. Aberrant NRP-1 expression serves as predicator of metastatic endometrial and lung cancers. Oncotarget 2016; 7:7970-8. [PMID: 26701889 PMCID: PMC4884968 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuropilin-1 (NRP-1) has emerged as an important driver of tumor-promoting phenotypes of human malignancies. However, incomplete knowledge exists as to how this single-pass transmembrane receptor mediates pleiotropic tumor-promoting functions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate NRP-1 expression and metastatic properties in 94 endometrial cancer and matching serum specimens and in a lung cancer cell line. We found that NRP-1 expression significantly correlated with increased tumoral expression of vascular endothelial growth factor 2 (VEGFR2) and serum levels of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and cell growth-stimulating factor (C-GSF). Tumoral NRP-1 also was positively associated with expression of NEDD9, a pro-metastatic protein. In the highly metastatic lung cancer cell line (H1792), stable LKB1 depletion caused increased migration in vitro and accentuated NRP-1 and NEDD9 expression in vivo. Our findings demonstrate that perturbed expression of these targets correlate with metastatic potential of endometrial and lung tumors, providing clinically-relevant biomarker applications for diagnostic and therapeutic targeting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Imoh S Okon
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA
| | - Ye Ding
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA
| | | | - Qiongxin Wang
- Section of Molecular Medicine, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Ping Song
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA
| | - Doris M Benbrook
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center (OUHSC), Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Ming-Hui Zou
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Fenix AM, Taneja N, Buttler CA, Lewis J, Van Engelenburg SB, Ohi R, Burnette DT. Expansion and concatenation of non-muscle myosin IIA filaments drive cellular contractile system formation during interphase and mitosis. Mol Biol Cell 2016; 27:mbc.E15-10-0725. [PMID: 26960797 PMCID: PMC4850034 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e15-10-0725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Revised: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell movement and cytokinesis are facilitated by contractile forces generated by the molecular motor, non-muscle myosin II (NMII). NMII molecules form a filament (NMII-F) through interactions of their C-terminal rod domains, positioning groups of N-terminal motor domains on opposite sides. The NMII motors then bind and pull actin filaments toward the NMII-F, thus driving contraction. Inside of crawling cells, NMIIA-Fs form large macromolecular ensembles (i.e., NMIIA-F stacks) but how this occurs is unknown. Here we show NMIIA-F stacks are formed through two non-mutually exclusive mechanisms: expansion and concatenation. During expansion, NMIIA molecules within the NMIIA-F spread out concurrent with addition of new NMIIA molecules. Concatenation occurs when multiple NMIIA-F/NMIIA-F stacks move together and align. We found NMIIA-F stack formation was regulated by both motor-activity and the availability of surrounding actin filaments. Furthermore, our data showed expansion and concatenation also formed the contractile ring in dividing cells. Thus, interphase and mitotic cells share similar mechanisms for creating large contractile units, and these are likely to underlie how other myosin II-based contractile systems are assembled.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aidan M Fenix
- Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232
| | - Nilay Taneja
- Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232
| | | | - John Lewis
- Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232 Kalamazoo College, Kalamazoo, MI 49008
| | | | - Ryoma Ohi
- Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232
| | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Peters NC, Berg CA. Dynamin-mediated endocytosis is required for tube closure, cell intercalation, and biased apical expansion during epithelial tubulogenesis in the Drosophila ovary. Dev Biol 2015; 409:39-54. [PMID: 26542010 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2015.10.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2015] [Revised: 08/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Most metazoans are able to grow beyond a few hundred cells and to support differentiated tissues because they elaborate multicellular, epithelial tubes that are indispensable for nutrient and gas exchange. To identify and characterize the cellular behaviors and molecular mechanisms required for the morphogenesis of epithelial tubes (i.e., tubulogenesis), we have turned to the D. melanogaster ovary. Here, epithelia surrounding the developing egg chambers first pattern, then form and extend a set of simple, paired, epithelial tubes, the dorsal appendage (DA) tubes, and they create these structures in the absence of cell division or cell death. This genetically tractable system lets us assess the relative contributions that coordinated changes in cell shape, adhesion, orientation, and migration make to basic epithelial tubulogenesis. We find that Dynamin, a conserved regulator of endocytosis and the cytoskeleton, serves a key role in DA tubulogenesis. We demonstrate that Dynamin is required for distinct aspects of DA tubulogenesis: DA-tube closure, DA-tube-cell intercalation, and biased apical-luminal cell expansion. We provide evidence that Dynamin promotes these processes by facilitating endocytosis of cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesion complexes, and we find that precise levels and sub-cellular distribution of E-Cadherin and specific Integrin subunits impact DA tubulogenesis. Thus, our studies identify novel morphogenetic roles (i.e., tube closure and biased apical expansion), and expand upon established roles (i.e., cell intercalation and adhesion remodeling), for Dynamin in tubulogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel C Peters
- University of Washington, Molecular and Cellular Biology Program and Department of Genome Sciences, Box 355065, Seattle, WA 98195-5065, United States
| | - Celeste A Berg
- University of Washington, Molecular and Cellular Biology Program and Department of Genome Sciences, Box 355065, Seattle, WA 98195-5065, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Chiasson-MacKenzie C, Morris ZS, Baca Q, Morris B, Coker JK, Mirchev R, Jensen AE, Carey T, Stott SL, Golan DE, McClatchey AI. NF2/Merlin mediates contact-dependent inhibition of EGFR mobility and internalization via cortical actomyosin. J Cell Biol 2015; 211:391-405. [PMID: 26483553 PMCID: PMC4621825 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201503081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Merlin and Ezrin are central to a mechanism whereby mechanical forces transduced across the apical actomyosin cytoskeleton from cell junctions control the mobility and internalization of EGFR, providing novel insight into how cells inhibit mitogenic signaling in response to cell contact. The proliferation of normal cells is inhibited at confluence, but the molecular basis of this phenomenon, known as contact-dependent inhibition of proliferation, is unclear. We previously identified the neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) tumor suppressor Merlin as a critical mediator of contact-dependent inhibition of proliferation and specifically found that Merlin inhibits the internalization of, and signaling from, the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in response to cell contact. Merlin is closely related to the membrane–cytoskeleton linking proteins Ezrin, Radixin, and Moesin, and localization of Merlin to the cortical cytoskeleton is required for contact-dependent regulation of EGFR. We show that Merlin and Ezrin are essential components of a mechanism whereby mechanical forces associated with the establishment of cell–cell junctions are transduced across the cell cortex via the cortical actomyosin cytoskeleton to control the lateral mobility and activity of EGFR, providing novel insight into how cells inhibit mitogenic signaling in response to cell contact.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christine Chiasson-MacKenzie
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129 Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129 Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Zachary S Morris
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129 Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129 Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Quentin Baca
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Brett Morris
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129 Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129 Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Joanna K Coker
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129 Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129 Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Rossen Mirchev
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Anne E Jensen
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129 BioMEMs Resource Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129
| | - Thomas Carey
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129 BioMEMs Resource Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129
| | - Shannon L Stott
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129 BioMEMs Resource Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129 Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - David E Golan
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Andrea I McClatchey
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129 Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129 Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Jacques RO, Mills SC, Cazzonatto Zerwes P, Fagade FO, Green JE, Downham S, Sexton DW, Mueller A. Dynamin function is important for chemokine receptor-induced cell migration. Cell Biochem Funct 2015; 33:407-14. [DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Richard O. Jacques
- School of Pharmacy; University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park; Norwich UK
| | - Shirley C. Mills
- School of Pharmacy; University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park; Norwich UK
| | | | - Feyisope O. Fagade
- School of Pharmacy; University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park; Norwich UK
| | - John E. Green
- School of Pharmacy; University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park; Norwich UK
| | - Scott Downham
- School of Pharmacy; University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park; Norwich UK
| | - Darren W. Sexton
- Norwich Medical School; University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park; Norwich UK
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Science; Liverpool John Moores University; Liverpool UK
| | - Anja Mueller
- School of Pharmacy; University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park; Norwich UK
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
An acto-myosin II constricting ring initiates the fission of activity-dependent bulk endosomes in neurosecretory cells. J Neurosci 2015; 35:1380-9. [PMID: 25632116 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.3228-14.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Activity-dependent bulk endocytosis allows neurons to internalize large portions of the plasma membrane in response to stimulation. However, whether this critical type of compensatory endocytosis is unique to neurons or also occurs in other excitable cells is currently unknown. Here we used fluorescent 70 kDa dextran to demonstrate that secretagogue-induced bulk endocytosis also occurs in bovine chromaffin cells. The relatively large size of the bulk endosomes found in this model allowed us to investigate how the neck of the budding endosomes constricts to allow efficient recruitment of the fission machinery. Using time-lapse imaging of Lifeact-GFP-transfected chromaffin cells in combination with fluorescent 70 kDa dextran, we detected acto-myosin II rings surrounding dextran-positive budding endosomes. Importantly, these rings were transient and contracted before disappearing, suggesting that they might be involved in restricting the size of the budding endosome neck. Based on the complete recovery of dextran fluorescence after photobleaching, we demonstrated that the actin ring-associated budding endosomes were still connected with the extracellular fluid. In contrast, no such recovery was observed following the constriction and disappearance of the actin rings, suggesting that these structures were pinched-off endosomes. Finally, we showed that the rings were initiated by a circular array of phosphatidylinositol(4,5)bisphosphate microdomains, and that their constriction was sensitive to both myosin II and dynamin inhibition. The acto-myosin II rings therefore play a key role in constricting the neck of budding bulk endosomes before dynamin-dependent fission from the plasma membrane of neurosecretory cells.
Collapse
|
22
|
Rikhy R, Mavrakis M, Lippincott-Schwartz J. Dynamin regulates metaphase furrow formation and plasma membrane compartmentalization in the syncytial Drosophila embryo. Biol Open 2015; 4:301-11. [PMID: 25661871 PMCID: PMC4359736 DOI: 10.1242/bio.20149936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The successive nuclear division cycles in the syncytial Drosophila embryo are accompanied by ingression and regression of plasma membrane furrows, which surround individual nuclei at the embryo periphery, playing a central role in embryo compartmentalization prior to cellularization. Here, we demonstrate that cell cycle changes in dynamin localization and activity at the plasma membrane (PM) regulate metaphase furrow formation and PM organization in the syncytial embryo. Dynamin was localized on short PM furrows during interphase, mediating endocytosis of PM components. Dynamin redistributed off ingressed PM furrows in metaphase, correlating with stabilized PM components and the associated actin regulatory machinery on long furrows. Acute inhibition of dynamin in the temperature sensitive shibire mutant embryo resulted in morphogenetic consequences in the syncytial division cycle. These included inhibition of metaphase furrow ingression, randomization of proteins normally polarized to intercap PM and disruption of the diffusion barrier separating PM domains above nuclei. Based on these findings, we propose that cell cycle changes in dynamin orchestrate recruitment of actin regulatory machinery for PM furrow dynamics during the early mitotic cycles in the Drosophila embryo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richa Rikhy
- Cell Biology and Metabolism Program, NICHD, NIH, Building 18T, 101, 18 Library Drive, Bethesda, MD, USA. Present address: Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune, 411008, India.
| | - Manos Mavrakis
- Institut de Biologie du Développement de Marseille, CNRS UMR7288, Aix-Marseille Université, 13288 Marseille, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Kornilova ES. Receptor-mediated endocytosis and cytoskeleton. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2014; 79:865-78. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006297914090041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
24
|
Talbot JA, Currie KW, Pearson BJ, Collins EMS. Smed-dynA-1 is a planarian nervous system specific dynamin 1 homolog required for normal locomotion. Biol Open 2014; 3:627-34. [PMID: 24950970 PMCID: PMC4154299 DOI: 10.1242/bio.20147583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Dynamins are GTPases that are required for separation of vesicles from the plasma membrane and thus are key regulators of endocytosis in eukaryotic cells. This role for dynamin proteins is especially crucial for the proper function of neurons, where they ensure that synaptic vesicles and their neurotransmitter cargo are recycled in the presynaptic cell. Here we have characterized the dynamin protein family in the freshwater planarian Schmidtea mediterranea and showed that it possesses six dynamins with tissue specific expression profiles. Of these six planarian homologs, two are necessary for normal tissue homeostasis, and the loss of another, Smed-dynA-1, leads to an abnormal behavioral phenotype, which we have quantified using automated center of mass tracking. Smed-dynA-1 is primarily expressed in the planarian nervous system and is a functional homolog of the mammalian Dynamin I. The distinct expression profiles of the six dynamin genes makes planarians an interesting new system to reveal novel dynamin functions, which may be determined by their differential tissue localization. The observed complexity of neurotransmitter regulation combined with the tools of quantitative behavioral assays as a functional readout for neuronal activity, renders planarians an ideal system for studying how the nervous system controls behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jared A Talbot
- Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Carl C. Icahn Laboratory, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Ko W Currie
- Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Bret J Pearson
- Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON M5G 0A3, Canada
| | - Eva-Maria S Collins
- Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Carl C. Icahn Laboratory, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA Physics Department, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA Division of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Burnette DT, Shao L, Ott C, Pasapera AM, Fischer RS, Baird MA, Der Loughian C, Delanoe-Ayari H, Paszek MJ, Davidson MW, Betzig E, Lippincott-Schwartz J. A contractile and counterbalancing adhesion system controls the 3D shape of crawling cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 205:83-96. [PMID: 24711500 PMCID: PMC3987145 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201311104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
How adherent and contractile systems coordinate to promote cell shape changes is unclear. Here, we define a counterbalanced adhesion/contraction model for cell shape control. Live-cell microscopy data showed a crucial role for a contractile meshwork at the top of the cell, which is composed of actin arcs and myosin IIA filaments. The contractile actin meshwork is organized like muscle sarcomeres, with repeating myosin II filaments separated by the actin bundling protein α-actinin, and is mechanically coupled to noncontractile dorsal actin fibers that run from top to bottom in the cell. When the meshwork contracts, it pulls the dorsal fibers away from the substrate. This pulling force is counterbalanced by the dorsal fibers' attachment to focal adhesions, causing the fibers to bend downward and flattening the cell. This model is likely to be relevant for understanding how cells configure themselves to complex surfaces, protrude into tight spaces, and generate three-dimensional forces on the growth substrate under both healthy and diseased conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dylan T Burnette
- National Institute of Child Health and Human Development and 2 National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Menon M, Askinazi OL, Schafer DA. Dynamin2 organizes lamellipodial actin networks to orchestrate lamellar actomyosin. PLoS One 2014; 9:e94330. [PMID: 24710573 PMCID: PMC3978067 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0094330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 03/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Actin networks in migrating cells exist as several interdependent structures: sheet-like networks of branched actin filaments in lamellipodia; arrays of bundled actin filaments co-assembled with myosin II in lamellae; and actin filaments that engage focal adhesions. How these dynamic networks are integrated and coordinated to maintain a coherent actin cytoskeleton in migrating cells is not known. We show that the large GTPase dynamin2 is enriched in the distal lamellipod where it regulates lamellipodial actin networks as they form and flow in U2-OS cells. Within lamellipodia, dynamin2 regulated the spatiotemporal distributions of α-actinin and cortactin, two actin-binding proteins that specify actin network architecture. Dynamin2's action on lamellipodial F-actin influenced the formation and retrograde flow of lamellar actomyosin via direct and indirect interactions with actin filaments and a finely tuned GTP hydrolysis activity. Expression in dynamin2-depleted cells of a mutant dynamin2 protein that restores endocytic activity, but not activities that remodel actin filaments, demonstrated that actin filament remodeling by dynamin2 did not depend of its functions in endocytosis. Thus, dynamin2 acts within lamellipodia to organize actin filaments and regulate assembly and flow of lamellar actomyosin. We hypothesize that through its actions on lamellipodial F-actin, dynamin2 generates F-actin structures that give rise to lamellar actomyosin and for efficient coupling of F-actin at focal adhesions. In this way, dynamin2 orchestrates the global actin cytoskeleton.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manisha Menon
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Olga L. Askinazi
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Dorothy A. Schafer
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Tubular endocytosis drives remodelling of the apical surface during epithelial morphogenesis in Drosophila. Nat Commun 2014; 4:2244. [PMID: 23921440 PMCID: PMC3753550 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms3244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2013] [Accepted: 07/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
During morphogenesis, remodelling of cell shape requires the expansion or contraction of plasma membrane domains. Here we identify a mechanism underlying the restructuring of the apical surface during epithelial morphogenesis in Drosophila. We show that the retraction of villous protrusions and subsequent apical plasma membrane flattening is an endocytosis-driven morphogenetic process. Quantitation of endogenously tagged GFP::Rab5 dynamics reveals a massive increase in apical endocytosis that correlates with changes in apical morphology. This increase is accompanied by the formation of tubular plasma membrane invaginations that serve as platforms for the de novo generation of Rab5-positive endosomes. We identify the Rab5-effector Rabankyrin-5 as a regulator of this pathway and demonstrate that blocking dynamin activity results in the complete inhibition of tubular endocytosis, in the disappearance of Rab5 endosomes, and in the inhibition of surface flattening. These data collectively demonstrate a requirement for endocytosis in morphogenetic remodelling during epithelial development. During epithelial morphogenesis in Drosophila, the villous apical cell surface is flattened. Fabrowski et al. show that this flattening depends on a dramatic increase in endocytosis associated with the formation of tubular invaginations, revealing a role for membrane trafficking in morphological remodelling.
Collapse
|
28
|
Ivanov AI. Pharmacological inhibitors of exocytosis and endocytosis: novel bullets for old targets. Methods Mol Biol 2014; 1174:3-18. [PMID: 24947371 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-0944-5_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Pharmacological inhibitors of vesicle trafficking possess great promise as valuable analytical tools for the study of a variety of biological processes and as potential therapeutic agents to fight microbial infections and cancer. However, many commonly used trafficking inhibitors are characterized by poor selectivity that diminishes their use in solving basic problems of cell biology or drug development. Recent high-throughput chemical screens intensified the search for novel modulators of vesicle trafficking, and successfully identified a number of small molecules that inhibit exocytosis and endocytosis in different types of mammalian cells. This chapter provides a systematic overview of recently discovered inhibitors of vesicle trafficking. It describes cellular effects and mechanisms of action of novel inhibitors of exocytosis and endocytosis. Furthermore, it pays special attention to the selectivity and possible off-target effects of these inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrei I Ivanov
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Goodwin Laboratory, 401 College Street, 980035, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA,
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Destaing O, Ferguson SM, Grichine A, Oddou C, De Camilli P, Albiges-Rizo C, Baron R. Essential function of dynamin in the invasive properties and actin architecture of v-Src induced podosomes/invadosomes. PLoS One 2013; 8:e77956. [PMID: 24348990 PMCID: PMC3857171 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0077956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2013] [Accepted: 09/06/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The large GTPase dynamin plays a key role in endocytosis but is also localized at numerous actin rich sites. We investigated dynamin functions at podosomes/invadosomes, actin-based cellular adhesion structures implicated in tissue invasion. Podosomes/invadosomes are constituted of long F-actin bundles perpendicular to the substratum (actin cores), connected to randomly arranged F-actin fibers parallel to the substratum (actin cloud). We show here that dynamin depletion in v-Src-transformed fibroblasts triggers a massive disorganization of podosomes/invadosomes (isolated or in rosettes), with a corresponding inhibition of their invasive properties. The action of dynamin at podosomes/invadosomes requires a functional full-length protein, suggesting that the effects of dynamin at these sites and in membrane remodelling during endocytosis are mediated by similar mechanisms. In order to determine direct effect of dynamin depletion on invadosome, an optogenetic approach based on the photosensitizer KillerRed was developed. Acute dynamin photo-inactivation leads to a very rapid disorganization of invadosome without affecting focal adhesions. Dynamin therefore is a key regulator of the architecture of actin in podosomes/invadosomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Destaing
- Institut Albert Bonniot, Université Joseph Fourier; Université Joseph Fourier site Santé, Grenoble cedex, France
- Department of Cell Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Program in Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration and Repair, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Shawn M. Ferguson
- Department of Cell Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Program in Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration and Repair, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Alexei Grichine
- Institut Albert Bonniot, Université Joseph Fourier; Université Joseph Fourier site Santé, Grenoble cedex, France
| | - Christiane Oddou
- Institut Albert Bonniot, Université Joseph Fourier; Université Joseph Fourier site Santé, Grenoble cedex, France
| | - Pietro De Camilli
- Department of Cell Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Program in Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration and Repair, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Corinne Albiges-Rizo
- Institut Albert Bonniot, Université Joseph Fourier; Université Joseph Fourier site Santé, Grenoble cedex, France
- Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Roland Baron
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
N'-[4-(dipropylamino)benzylidene]-2-hydroxybenzohydrazide is a dynamin GTPase inhibitor that suppresses cancer cell migration and invasion by inhibiting actin polymerization. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2013; 443:511-7. [PMID: 24316215 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.11.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2013] [Accepted: 11/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Dynasore, a specific dynamin GTPase inhibitor, suppresses lamellipodia formation and cancer cell invasion by destabilizing actin filaments. In search for novel dynamin inhibitors that suppress actin dynamics more efficiently, dynasore analogues were screened. N'-[4-(dipropylamino)benzylidene]-2-hydroxybenzohydrazide (DBHA) markedly reduced in vitro actin polymerization, and dose-dependently inhibited phosphatidylserine-stimulated dynamin GTPase activity. DBHA significantly suppressed both the recruitment of dynamin 2 to the leading edge in U2OS cells and ruffle formation in H1299 cells. Furthermore, DBHA suppressed both the migration and invasion of H1299 cells by approximately 70%. Furthermore, intratumoral DBHA delivery significantly repressed tumor growth. DBHA was much less cytotoxic than dynasore. These results strongly suggest that DBHA inhibits dynamin-dependent actin polymerization by altering the interactions between dynamin and lipid membranes. DBHA and its derivative may be potential candidates for potent anti-cancer drugs.
Collapse
|
31
|
Sever S, Chang J, Gu C. Dynamin rings: not just for fission. Traffic 2013; 14:1194-9. [PMID: 23980695 PMCID: PMC3830594 DOI: 10.1111/tra.12116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2013] [Revised: 08/22/2013] [Accepted: 08/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The GTPase dynamin has captivated researchers for over two decades, even managing to establish its own research field. Dynamin's allure is partly due to its unusual biochemical properties as well as its essential role in multiple cellular processes, which include the regulation of clathrin-mediated endocytosis and of actin cytoskeleton. On the basis of the classic model, dynamin oligomerization into higher order oligomers such as rings and helices directly executes the final fission reaction in endocytosis, which results in the generation of clathrin-coated vesicles. Dynamin's role in the regulation of actin cytoskeleton is mostly explained by its interactions with a number of actin-binding and -regulating proteins; however, the molecular mechanism of dynamin's action continues to elude us. Recent insights into the mechanism and role of dynamin oligomerization in the regulation of actin polymerization point to a novel role for dynamin oligomerization in the cell.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanja Sever
- Nephrology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, CNY 149 8.113, 149 13th Street, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Burnecki K, Kepten E, Janczura J, Bronshtein I, Garini Y, Weron A. Universal algorithm for identification of fractional Brownian motion. A case of telomere subdiffusion. Biophys J 2013. [PMID: 23199912 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2012.09.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
We present a systematic statistical analysis of the recently measured individual trajectories of fluorescently labeled telomeres in the nucleus of living human cells. The experiments were performed in the U2OS cancer cell line. We propose an algorithm for identification of the telomere motion. By expanding the previously published data set, we are able to explore the dynamics in six time orders, a task not possible earlier. As a result, we establish a rigorous mathematical characterization of the stochastic process and identify the basic mathematical mechanisms behind the telomere motion. We find that the increments of the motion are stationary, Gaussian, ergodic, and even more chaotic--mixing. Moreover, the obtained memory parameter estimates, as well as the ensemble average mean square displacement reveal subdiffusive behavior at all time spans. All these findings statistically prove a fractional Brownian motion for the telomere trajectories, which is confirmed by a generalized p-variation test. Taking into account the biophysical nature of telomeres as monomers in the chromatin chain, we suggest polymer dynamics as a sufficient framework for their motion with no influence of other models. In addition, these results shed light on other studies of telomere motion and the alternative telomere lengthening mechanism. We hope that identification of these mechanisms will allow the development of a proper physical and biological model for telomere subdynamics. This array of tests can be easily implemented to other data sets to enable quick and accurate analysis of their statistical characteristics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Burnecki
- Hugo Steinhaus Center, Institute of Mathematics and Computer Science, Wroclaw University of Technology, Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Harper CB, Popoff MR, McCluskey A, Robinson PJ, Meunier FA. Targeting membrane trafficking in infection prophylaxis: dynamin inhibitors. Trends Cell Biol 2013; 23:90-101. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2012.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2012] [Revised: 10/11/2012] [Accepted: 10/11/2012] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
34
|
Ghosh S, Kaplan KJ, Schrum LW, Bonkovsky HL. Cytoskeletal proteins: shaping progression of hepatitis C virus-induced liver disease. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2013; 302:279-319. [PMID: 23351713 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-407699-0.00005-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, which results in chronic hepatitis C (CHC) in most patients (70-85%), is a major cause of liver disease and remains a major therapeutic challenge. The mechanisms determining liver damage and the key factors that lead to a high rate of CHC remain imperfectly understood. The precise role of cytoskeletal (CS) proteins in HCV infection remains to be determined. Some studies including our recent study have demonstrated that changes occur in the expression of CS proteins in HCV-infected hepatocytes. A variety of host proteins interact with HCV proteins. Association between CS and HCV proteins may have implications in future design of CS protein-targeted therapy for the treatment for HCV infection. This chapter will focus on the interaction between host CS and viral proteins to signify the importance of this event in HCV entry, replication and transportation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sriparna Ghosh
- Liver-Biliary-Pancreatic Center, Carolinas Medical Center, and School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Menon M, Schafer DA. Dynamin: expanding its scope to the cytoskeleton. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2013; 302:187-219. [PMID: 23351711 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-407699-0.00003-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The large GTPase dynamin is well known for its actions on budded cellular membranes to generate vesicles, most often, clathrin-coated endocytic vesicles. The scope of cellular processes in which dynamin-mediated vesicle formation occurs, has expanded to include secretory vesicle formation at the Golgi, from other endosomes and nonclathrin structures, such as caveolae, as well as membrane remodeling during exocytosis and vesicle fusion. An intriguing new facet of dynamin's sphere of influence is the cytoskeleton. Cytoskeletal filament networks maintain cell shape, provide cell movement, execute cell division and orchestrate vesicle trafficking. Recent evidence supports the hypothesis that dynamin influences actin filaments and microtubules via mechanisms that are independent of its membrane-remodeling activities. This chapter discusses this emerging evidence and considers possible mechanisms of action.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manisha Menon
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Mashukova A, Forteza R, Wald FA, Salas PJ. PDK1 in apical signaling endosomes participates in the rescue of the polarity complex atypical PKC by intermediate filaments in intestinal epithelia. Mol Biol Cell 2012; 23:1664-74. [PMID: 22398726 PMCID: PMC3338434 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e11-12-0988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The polarity complex atypical PKC (aPKC) is rescued from degradation on intermediate filaments by Hsp70 chaperoning. The results indicate that PDK1 participates in the rescue mechanism and is localized to apical endosomes. Inhibition of dynamin-dependent endocytosis greatly decreases the steady-state levels of aPKC and Akt in their active conformation. Phosphorylation of the activation domain of protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms is essential to start a conformational change that results in an active catalytic domain. This activation is necessary not only for newly synthesized molecules, but also for kinase molecules that become dephosphorylated and need to be refolded and rephosphorylated. This “rescue” mechanism is responsible for the maintenance of the steady-state levels of atypical PKC (aPKC [PKCι/λ and ζ]) and is blocked in inflammation. Although there is consensus that phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 (PDK1) is the activating kinase for newly synthesized molecules, it is unclear what kinase performs that function during the rescue and where the rescue takes place. To identify the activating kinase during the rescue mechanism, we inhibited protein synthesis and analyzed the stability of the remaining aPKC pool. PDK1 knockdown and two different PDK1 inhibitors—BX-912 and a specific pseudosubstrate peptide—destabilized PKCι. PDK1 coimmunoprecipitated with PKCι in cells without protein synthesis, confirming that the interaction is direct. In addition, we showed that PDK1 aids the rescue of aPKC in in vitro rephosphorylation assays using immunodepletion and rescue with recombinant protein. Surprisingly, we found that in Caco-2 epithelial cells and intestinal crypt enterocytes PDK1 distributes to an apical membrane compartment comprising plasma membrane and apical endosomes, which, in turn, are in close contact with intermediate filaments. PDK1 comigrated with the Rab11 compartment and, to some extent, with the transferrin compartment in sucrose gradients. PDK1, pT555-aPKC, and pAkt were dependent on dynamin activity. These results highlight a novel signaling function of apical endosomes in polarized cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Mashukova
- Department of Cell Biology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Active reinforcement of externally imposed folding in amphibians embryonic tissues. Mech Dev 2012; 129:51-60. [PMID: 22342666 DOI: 10.1016/j.mod.2012.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2011] [Revised: 01/31/2012] [Accepted: 02/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Although the folding of epithelial layers is one of the most common morphogenetic events, the underlying mechanisms of this process are still poorly understood. We aimed to determine whether an artificial bending of an embryonic cell sheet, which normally remains flat, is reinforced and stabilized by intrinsic cell transformations. We observed both reinforcement and stabilization in double explants of blastocoel roof tissue from Xenopus early gastrula embryos. The reinforcement of artificial bending occurred over the course of a few hours and was driven by the gradual apical constriction and radial elongation of previously compressed cells situated at the bending arch of the concave layer of explant. Apical constriction was associated with actomyosin contraction and endocytosis-mediated engulfing of the apical cell membranes. Cooperative apical constrictions of the concave layer of cells produced a tensile force that extended over the entire surface of the explant and correlated with apical contraction of the concave side cells. In the explants taken from the anterior regions of the embryo, this reinforcement was more stable and the bending better expressed than in those taken from suprablastoporal areas. The morphogenetic role of cell responses to the bending force is discussed.
Collapse
|
38
|
Lee JY. Uncorking gastrulation: the morphogenetic movement of bottle cells. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY 2011; 1:286-93. [PMID: 23801442 DOI: 10.1002/wdev.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Bottle cell-driven blastopore lip formation externally marks the initiation of gastrulation in amphibian embryos. The blastopore groove is formed when bottle cells undergo apical constriction and transform from cuboidal to flask-shaped. Apical constriction is sufficient to cause invagination and is a highly conserved mechanism for sheet bending and folding during morphogenesis; therefore, studying apical constriction in Xenopus bottle cells could provide valuable insight into this fundamental shape change. Initially described over a century ago, the dramatic shape change that occurs in bottle cells has long captured the imaginations of embryologists. However, only recently have investigators begun to examine the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying bottle cell apical constriction. Bottle cell apical constriction is driven by actomyosin contractility as well as by endocytosis of the apical membrane. The Nodal signaling pathway, Wnt5a, and Lgl1 are all required for bottle cell formation, but how they induce subcellular changes resulting in apical constriction remains to be elucidated. Xenopus bottle cells now represent an excellent vertebrate system for the dissection of how molecular inputs can drive cellular outputs, specifically the cell shape change of apical constriction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jen-Yi Lee
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Liu S, Kuo W, Yang W, Liu W, Gibson GA, Dorko K, Watkins SC, Strom SC, Wang T. The second extracellular loop dictates Occludin-mediated HCV entry. Virology 2010; 407:160-70. [PMID: 20822789 PMCID: PMC2946412 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2010.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2010] [Revised: 07/18/2010] [Accepted: 08/12/2010] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Recent findings have implicated tight junction (TJ) protein Occludin (OCLN) as an essential factor for hepatitis C virus (HCV) to enter human hepatocytes. To gain insights into OCLN-mediated HCV entry, we created a panel of OCLN deletion mutants and found that without impairing OCLN's cell surface localization, removal of the extracellular loop 2 (EL2) from OCLN abolished both its ability to mediate HIV-HCV pseudotypes' (HCVpp) entry as well as its ability to coprecipitate HCV glycoprotein E2. Recombinant OCLN EL2, however, failed to robustly bind soluble E2 (sE2) in pull-down assays. Subsequent studies revealed that OCLN formed complex with Dynamin II, an important GTPase for endocytosis, in an EL2-dependent fashion. HCVpp, as well as cell culture grown HCV (HCVcc), was sensitive to Dynamin knockdown or inhibition. We conclude that OCLN EL2 dictates the Dynamin-dependent HCV entry. Furthermore, OCLN could function to bridge virions to Dynamin-dependent endocytic machineries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shufeng Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261
| | - Wayne Kuo
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261
| | - Wei Yang
- Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Weiqun Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261
| | - Gregory A. Gibson
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261
| | - Kenneth Dorko
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261
| | - Simon C. Watkins
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261
| | - Stephen C. Strom
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261
| | - Tianyi Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Ratheesh A, Yap AS. Doing cell biology in embryos: regulated membrane traffic and its implications for cadherin biology. F1000 BIOLOGY REPORTS 2010; 2. [PMID: 20948802 PMCID: PMC2948373 DOI: 10.3410/b2-30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Regulated trafficking of cadherin adhesion molecules is often invoked as a mechanism to generate dynamic adhesive cell-cell contacts for tissue modeling and morphogenesis. The past 2-3 years have seen several important papers that tackle the cell biology of cadherin trafficking in organismal systems to provide new insights into both mechanism and morphogenetic impact.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aparna Ratheesh
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience and Division of Molecular Cell Biology, The University of Queensland St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072 Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
|