1
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He C, Lv X, Liu J, Ruan J, Chen P, Huang C, Angeletti PC, Hua G, Moness ML, Shi D, Dhar A, Yang S, Murphy S, Montoute I, Chen X, Islam KN, George S, Ince TA, Drapkin R, Guda C, Davis JS, Wang C. HPV-YAP1 oncogenic alliance drives malignant transformation of fallopian tube epithelial cells. EMBO Rep 2024:10.1038/s44319-024-00233-3. [PMID: 39271776 DOI: 10.1038/s44319-024-00233-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
High grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) is the most common and aggressive ovarian malignancy. Accumulating evidence indicates that HGSOC may originate from human fallopian tube epithelial cells (FTECs), although the exact pathogen(s) and/or molecular mechanism underlying the malignant transformation of FTECs is unclear. Here we show that human papillomavirus (HPV), which could reach FTECs via retrograde menstruation or sperm-carrying, interacts with the yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) to drive the malignant transformation of FTECs. HPV prevents FTECs from natural replicative and YAP1-induced senescence, thereby promoting YAP1-induced malignant transformation of FTECs. HPV also stimulates proliferation and drives metastasis of YAP1-transformed FTECs. YAP1, in turn, stimulates the expression of the putative HPV receptors and suppresses the innate immune system to facilitate HPV acquisition. These findings provide critical clues for developing new strategies to prevent and treat HGSOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunbo He
- Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Vincent Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Olson Center for Women's Health, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Xiangmin Lv
- Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Vincent Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Olson Center for Women's Health, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Jiyuan Liu
- Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Vincent Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Jinpeng Ruan
- Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Vincent Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Peichao Chen
- Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Vincent Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Cong Huang
- Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Vincent Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Peter C Angeletti
- Nebraska Center for Virology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68583, USA
| | - Guohua Hua
- Olson Center for Women's Health, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Madelyn Leigh Moness
- Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Vincent Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Davie Shi
- Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Vincent Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Anjali Dhar
- Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Vincent Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Siyi Yang
- Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Vincent Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Savannah Murphy
- Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Vincent Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Isabelle Montoute
- Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Vincent Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Xingcheng Chen
- Fred & Pamela Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Kazi Nazrul Islam
- Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Vincent Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Sophia George
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Tan A Ince
- New York Presbyterian Brooklyn Methodist Hospital and Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - Ronny Drapkin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Chittibabu Guda
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - John S Davis
- Olson Center for Women's Health, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
- Fred & Pamela Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
- Western Iowa and Nebraska Veteran's Affairs Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68105, USA
| | - Cheng Wang
- Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Vincent Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
- Olson Center for Women's Health, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA.
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2
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Williams I, DeHart H, O'Malley M, Walker B, Ulhaskumar V, Ray H, Delaney JR, Nephew KP, Carpenter RL. MYC and HSF1 Cooperate to Drive PLK1 inhibitor Sensitivity in High Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.11.598486. [PMID: 38915574 PMCID: PMC11195273 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.11.598486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is a deadly female cancer with high rates of recurrence. The primary treatment strategy for patients is platinum-based therapy regimens that almost universally develop resistance. Consequently, new therapeutic avenues are needed to overcome the plateau that current therapies have on patient outcomes. We describe a gene amplification involving both HSF1 and MYC, wherein these two genes on chromosome 8q are co-amplified in over 7% of human tumors that is enriched to over 30% of patients with ovarian cancer. We further found that HSF1 and MYC transcriptional activity is correlated in human tumors and ovarian cancer cell lines, suggesting they may cooperate in ovarian cancer cells. CUT&RUN for HSF1 and MYC in co-amplified ovarian cancer cells revealed that HSF1 and MYC have overlapping binding at a substantial number of locations throughout the genome where their binding peaks are near identical. Consistent with these data, a protein-protein interaction between HSF1 and MYC was detected in ovarian cancer cells, implying these two transcription factors have a molecular cooperation. Further supporting their cooperation, growth of HSF1-MYC co-amplified ovarian cancer cells were found to be dependent on both HSF1 and MYC. In an attempt to identify a therapeutic target that could take advantage of this dependency on both HSF1 and MYC, PLK1 was identified as being correlated with HSF1 and MYC in primary human tumor specimens, consistent with a previously established effect of PLK1 on HSF1 and MYC protein levels. Targeting PLK1 with the compound volasertib (BI-6727) revealed a greater than 200-fold increased potency of volasertib in HSF1-MYC co-amplified ovarian cancer cells compared to ovarian cancer cells wild-type HSF1 and MYC copy number, which extended to several growth assays, including spheroid growth. Volasertib, and other PLK1 inhibitors, have not shown great success in clinical trials and this study suggests that targeting PLK1 may be viable in a precision medicine approach using HSF1-MYC co-amplification as a biomarker for response.
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3
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Goehring L, Keegan S, Lahiri S, Xia W, Kong M, Jimenez-Sainz J, Gupta D, Drapkin R, Jensen RB, Smith DJ, Rothenberg E, Fenyö D, Huang TT. Dormant origin firing promotes head-on transcription-replication conflicts at transcription termination sites in response to BRCA2 deficiency. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4716. [PMID: 38830843 PMCID: PMC11148086 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48286-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BRCA2 is a tumor suppressor protein responsible for safeguarding the cellular genome from replication stress and genotoxicity, but the specific mechanism(s) by which this is achieved to prevent early oncogenesis remains unclear. Here, we provide evidence that BRCA2 acts as a critical suppressor of head-on transcription-replication conflicts (HO-TRCs). Using Okazaki-fragment sequencing (Ok-seq) and computational analysis, we identified origins (dormant origins) that are activated near the transcription termination sites (TTS) of highly expressed, long genes in response to replication stress. Dormant origins are a source for HO-TRCs, and drug treatments that inhibit dormant origin firing led to a reduction in HO-TRCs, R-loop formation, and DNA damage. Using super-resolution microscopy, we showed that HO-TRC events track with elongating RNA polymerase II, but not with transcription initiation. Importantly, RNase H2 is recruited to sites of HO-TRCs in a BRCA2-dependent manner to help alleviate toxic R-loops associated with HO-TRCs. Collectively, our results provide a mechanistic basis for how BRCA2 shields against genomic instability by preventing HO-TRCs through both direct and indirect means occurring at predetermined genomic sites based on the pre-cancer transcriptome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liana Goehring
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sarah Keegan
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Institute for Systems Genetics, New York University School of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sudipta Lahiri
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Wenxin Xia
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael Kong
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Dipika Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ronny Drapkin
- Penn Ovarian Cancer Research Center, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Basser Center for BRCA, Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ryan B Jensen
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Duncan J Smith
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, Department of Biology, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Eli Rothenberg
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - David Fenyö
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Institute for Systems Genetics, New York University School of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tony T Huang
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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4
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Salvi A, Li W, Dipali SS, Cologna SM, Pavone ME, Duncan FE, Burdette JE. Follicular fluid aids cell adhesion, spreading in an age independent manner and shows an age-dependent effect on DNA damage in fallopian tube epithelial cells. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27336. [PMID: 38501015 PMCID: PMC10945186 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is deadly, and likely arises from the fallopian tube epithelium (FTE). Despite the association of OC with ovulation, OC typically presents in post-menopausal women who are no longer ovulating. The goal of this study was to understand how ovulation and aging interact to impact OC progression from the FTE. Follicular fluid released during ovulation induces DNA damage in the FTE, however, the role of aging on FTE exposure to follicular fluid is unexplored. Follicular fluid samples were collected from 14 women and its effects on FTE cells was assessed. Follicular fluid caused DNA damage and lipid oxidation in an age-dependent manner, but instead induced cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner, independent of age in FTE cells. Follicular fluid regardless of age disrupted FTE spheroid formation and stimulated attachment and growth on ultra-low attachment plates. Proteomics analysis of the adhesion proteins in the follicular fluid samples identified vitronectin, a glycoprotein responsible for FTE cell attachment and spreading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrita Salvi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
| | - Wenping Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
| | - Shweta S. Dipali
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Stephanie M. Cologna
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
| | - Mary Ellen Pavone
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Francesca E. Duncan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Joanna E. Burdette
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
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5
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Weigert M, Li Y, Zhu L, Eckart H, Bajwa P, Krishnan R, Ackroyd S, Lastra RR, Bilecz A, Basu A, Lengyel E, Chen M. A Cellular atlas of the human fallopian tube reveals the metamorphosis of secretory epithelial cells during the menstrual cycle and menopause. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.11.22.23298470. [PMID: 38045369 PMCID: PMC10690352 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.22.23298470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
The fallopian tube, connecting the uterus with the ovary, is a dynamic organ that undergoes cyclical changes and is the site of several diseases, including serous cancer. Here, we use single-cell technologies to construct a comprehensive cell map of healthy pre-menopausal fallopian tubes, capturing the impact of the menstrual cycle and menopause on different fallopian tube cells at the molecular level. The comparative analysis between pre- and post-menopausal fallopian tubes reveals substantial shifts in cellular abundance and gene expression patterns, highlighting the physiological changes associated with menopause. Further investigations into menstrual cycle phases illuminate distinct molecular states in secretory epithelial cells caused by hormonal fluctuations. The markers we identified characterizing secretory epithelial cells provide a valuable tool for classifying ovarian cancer subtypes. Graphical summary Graphical summary of results. During the proliferative phase (estrogen high ) of the menstrual cycle, SE2 cells (OVGP1 + ) dominate the fallopian tube (FT) epithelium, while SE1 cells (OVGP1 - ) dominate the epithelium during the secretory phase. Though estrogen levels decrease during menopause, SE post-cells (OVGP1 + , CXCL2 + ) make up most of the FT epithelium.
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6
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Galhenage P, Zhou Y, Perry E, Loc B, Fietz K, Iyer S, Reinhardt F, Da Silva T, Botchkarev V, Chen J, Crum CP, Weinberg RA, Pathania S. Replication stress and defective checkpoints make fallopian tube epithelial cells putative drivers of high-grade serous ovarian cancer. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113144. [PMID: 37729060 PMCID: PMC10762650 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinical and molecular evidence indicates that high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) primarily originates from the fallopian tube, not the ovarian surface. However, the reasons for this preference remain unclear. Our study highlights significant differences between fallopian tube epithelial (FTE) and ovarian surface epithelial (OSE) cells, providing the molecular basis for FTEs as site of origin of HGSOC. FTEs, unlike OSEs, exhibit heightened replication stress (RS), impaired repair of stalled forks, ineffective G2/M checkpoint, and increased tumorigenicity. BRCA1 heterozygosity exacerbates these defects, resulting in RS suppression haploinsufficiency and an aggressive tumor phenotype. Examination of human and mouse sections reveals buildup of the RS marker 53BP1 primarily in the fallopian tubes, particularly at the fimbrial ends. Furthermore, menopausal status influences RS levels. Our study provides a mechanistic rationale for FTE as the site of origin for HGSOC, investigates the impact of BRCA1 heterozygosity, and lays the groundwork for targeting early HGSOC drivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamoda Galhenage
- Center for Personalized Cancer Therapy, Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA 02125, USA
| | - Yunlan Zhou
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Erica Perry
- Center for Personalized Cancer Therapy, Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA 02125, USA
| | - Brenda Loc
- Center for Personalized Cancer Therapy, Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA 02125, USA
| | - Kelly Fietz
- Center for Personalized Cancer Therapy, Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA 02125, USA
| | - Sonia Iyer
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, 455 Main Street, WHTH-367, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Ferenc Reinhardt
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, 455 Main Street, WHTH-367, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Tiego Da Silva
- Center for Personalized Cancer Therapy, Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA 02125, USA
| | | | - Jie Chen
- Department of Mathematics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA 02125, USA
| | - Christopher P Crum
- Department of Pathology, Division of Women's and Perinatal Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Robert A Weinberg
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, 455 Main Street, WHTH-367, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Shailja Pathania
- Center for Personalized Cancer Therapy, Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA 02125, USA.
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7
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Trinidad CV, Pathak HB, Cheng S, Tzeng SC, Madan R, Sardiu ME, Bantis LE, Deighan C, Jewell A, Rayamajhi S, Zeng Y, Godwin AK. Lineage specific extracellular vesicle-associated protein biomarkers for the early detection of high grade serous ovarian cancer. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18341. [PMID: 37884576 PMCID: PMC10603107 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-44050-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
High grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) accounts for ~ 70% of ovarian cancer cases. Non-invasive, highly specific blood-based tests for pre-symptomatic screening in women are crucial to reducing the mortality associated with this disease. Since most HGSOCs typically arise from the fallopian tubes (FT), our biomarker search focused on proteins found on the surface of extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by both FT and HGSOC tissue explants and representative cell lines. Using mass spectrometry, 985 EV proteins (exo-proteins) were identified that comprised the FT/HGSOC EV core proteome. Transmembrane exo-proteins were prioritized because these could serve as antigens for capture and/or detection. With a nano-engineered microfluidic platform, six newly discovered exo-proteins (ACSL4, IGSF8, ITGA2, ITGA5, ITGB3, MYOF) plus a known HGSOC associated protein, FOLR1 exhibited classification performance ranging from 85 to 98% in a case-control study using plasma samples representative of early (including stage IA/B) and late stage (stage III) HGSOCs. Furthermore, by a linear combination of IGSF8 and ITGA5 based on logistic regression analysis, we achieved a sensitivity of 80% with 99.8% specificity and a positive predictive value of 13.8%. Importantly, these exo-proteins also can accurately discriminate between ovarian and 12 types of cancers commonly diagnosed in women. Our studies demonstrate that these lineage-associated exo-biomarkers can detect ovarian cancer with high specificity and sensitivity early and potentially while localized to the FT when patient outcomes are more favorable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille V Trinidad
- Department of Microbiology, Molecular Genetics and Immunology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Harsh B Pathak
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, MS 3040, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
- University of Kansas Cancer Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
- Kansas Institute for Precision Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Shibo Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | | | - Rashna Madan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, MS 3040, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Mihaela E Sardiu
- University of Kansas Cancer Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
- Kansas Institute for Precision Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Leonidas E Bantis
- University of Kansas Cancer Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
- Kansas Institute for Precision Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | | | - Andrea Jewell
- University of Kansas Cancer Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Sagar Rayamajhi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, MS 3040, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Yong Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Andrew K Godwin
- Department of Microbiology, Molecular Genetics and Immunology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, MS 3040, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA.
- University of Kansas Cancer Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.
- Kansas Institute for Precision Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.
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8
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Ferrari AJ, Rawat P, Rendulich HS, Annapragada AV, Kinose Y, Zhang X, Devins K, Budina A, Scharpf RB, Mitchell MA, Tanyi JL, Morgan MA, Schwartz LE, Soong TR, Velculescu VE, Drapkin R. H2Bub1 loss is an early contributor to clear cell ovarian cancer progression. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e164995. [PMID: 37345659 PMCID: PMC10371241 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.164995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic aberrations, including posttranslational modifications of core histones, are major contributors to cancer. Here, we define the status of histone H2B monoubiquitylation (H2Bub1) in clear cell ovarian carcinoma (CCOC), low-grade serous carcinoma, and endometrioid carcinomas. We report that clear cell carcinomas exhibited profound loss, with nearly all cases showing low or negative H2Bub1 expression. Moreover, we found that H2Bub1 loss occurred in endometriosis and atypical endometriosis, which are established precursors to CCOCs. To examine whether dysregulation of a specific E3 ligase contributes to the loss of H2Bub1, we explored expression of ring finger protein 40 (RNF40), ARID1A, and UBR7 in the same case cohort. Loss of RNF40 was significantly and profoundly correlated with loss of H2Bub1. Using genome-wide DNA methylation profiles of 230 patients with CCOC, we identified hypermethylation of RNF40 in CCOC as a likely mechanism underlying the loss of H2Bub1. Finally, we demonstrated that H2Bub1 depletion promoted cell proliferation and clonogenicity in an endometriosis cell line. Collectively, our results indicate that H2Bub1 plays a tumor-suppressive role in CCOCs and that its loss contributes to disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam J. Ferrari
- Penn Ovarian Cancer Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Graduate Program in Cell and Molecular Biology; and
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Priyanka Rawat
- Penn Ovarian Cancer Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
| | - Hannah S. Rendulich
- Penn Ovarian Cancer Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
| | - Akshaya V. Annapragada
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Yasuto Kinose
- Penn Ovarian Cancer Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
| | - Xiaoming Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kyle Devins
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Anna Budina
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Robert B. Scharpf
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Marilyn A. Mitchell
- Penn Ovarian Cancer Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
| | - Janos L. Tanyi
- Penn Ovarian Cancer Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
| | - Mark A. Morgan
- Penn Ovarian Cancer Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
| | - Lauren E. Schwartz
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - T. Rinda Soong
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Victor E. Velculescu
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Ronny Drapkin
- Penn Ovarian Cancer Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Graduate Program in Cell and Molecular Biology; and
- Basser Center for BRCA, Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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9
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Crawford AJ, Forjaz A, Bhorkar I, Roy T, Schell D, Queiroga V, Ren K, Kramer D, Bons J, Huang W, Russo GC, Lee MH, Schilling B, Wu PH, Shih IM, Wang TL, Kiemen A, Wirtz D. Precision-engineered biomimetics: the human fallopian tube. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.06.06.543923. [PMID: 37333379 PMCID: PMC10274705 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.06.543923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
The fallopian tube has an essential role in several physiological and pathological processes from pregnancy to ovarian cancer. However, there are no biologically relevant models to study its pathophysiology. The state-of-the-art organoid model has been compared to two-dimensional tissue sections and molecularly assessed providing only cursory analyses of the model's accuracy. We developed a novel multi-compartment organoid model of the human fallopian tube that was meticulously tuned to reflect the compartmentalization and heterogeneity of the tissue's composition. We validated this organoid's molecular expression patterns, cilia-driven transport function, and structural accuracy through a highly iterative platform wherein organoids are compared to a three-dimensional, single-cell resolution reference map of a healthy, transplantation-quality human fallopian tube. This organoid model was precision-engineered to match the human microanatomy. One sentence summary Tunable organoid modeling and CODA architectural quantification in tandem help design a tissue-validated organoid model.
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10
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Avelar RA, Armstrong AJ, Carvette G, Gupta R, Puleo N, Colina JA, Joseph P, Sobeck AM, O'Connor CM, Raines B, Gandhi A, Dziubinski ML, Ma DS, Resnick K, Singh S, Zanotti K, Nagel C, Waggoner S, Thomas DG, Skala SL, Zhang J, Narla G, DiFeo A. Small-Molecule-Mediated Stabilization of PP2A Modulates the Homologous Recombination Pathway and Potentiates DNA Damage-Induced Cell Death. Mol Cancer Ther 2023; 22:599-615. [PMID: 36788429 PMCID: PMC10157366 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-21-0880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
High-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) is the most common and lethal ovarian cancer subtype. PARP inhibitors (PARPi) have become the mainstay of HGSC-targeted therapy, given that these tumors are driven by a high degree of genomic instability (GI) and homologous recombination (HR) defects. Nonetheless, approximately 30% of patients initially respond to treatment, ultimately relapsing with resistant disease. Thus, despite recent advances in drug development and an increased understanding of genetic alterations driving HGSC progression, mortality has not declined, highlighting the need for novel therapies. Using a small-molecule activator of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A; SMAP-061), we investigated the mechanism by which PP2A stabilization induces apoptosis in patient-derived HGSC cells and xenograft (PDX) models alone or in combination with PARPi. We uncovered that PP2A genes essential for cellular transformation (B56α, B56γ, and PR72) and basal phosphatase activity (PP2A-A and -C) are heterozygously lost in the majority of HGSC. Moreover, loss of these PP2A genes correlates with worse overall patient survival. We show that SMAP-061-induced stabilization of PP2A inhibits the HR output by targeting RAD51, leading to chronic accumulation of DNA damage and ultimately apoptosis. Furthermore, combination of SMAP-061 and PARPi leads to enhanced apoptosis in both HR-proficient and HR-deficient HGSC cells and PDX models. Our studies identify PP2A as a novel regulator of HR and indicate PP2A modulators as a therapeutic therapy for HGSC. In summary, our findings further emphasize the potential of PP2A modulators to overcome PARPi insensitivity, given that targeting RAD51 presents benefits in overcoming PARPi resistance driven by BRCA1/2 mutation reversions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita A. Avelar
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- The Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | | | - Gracie Carvette
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- The Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Riya Gupta
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- The Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Noah Puleo
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- The Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Jose A. Colina
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- The Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Peronne Joseph
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Alexander M. Sobeck
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- The Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Caitlin M. O'Connor
- The Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Genetic Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Brynne Raines
- The Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Genetic Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Agharnan Gandhi
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- The Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Michele L. Dziubinski
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- The Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Daniel S. Ma
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Daffyd G. Thomas
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | | | - Junran Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Goutham Narla
- The Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Genetic Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Analisa DiFeo
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- The Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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11
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Trinidad C, Pathak H, Cheng S, Tzeng SC, Madan R, Sardiu M, Bantis L, Deighan C, Jewell A, Zeng Y, Godwin A. Lineage specific extracellular vesicle-associated protein biomarkers for the early detection of high grade serous ovarian cancer. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-2814022. [PMID: 37205573 PMCID: PMC10187430 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2814022/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
High grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) accounts for ~ 70% of ovarian cancer cases. Non-invasive, highly specific blood-based tests for pre-symptomatic screening in women are crucial to reducing the mortality associated with this disease. Since most HGSOCs typically arise from the fallopian tubes (FT), our biomarker search focused on proteins found on the surface of extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by both FT and HGSOC tissue explants and representative cell lines. Using mass spectrometry, 985 EV proteins (exo-proteins) were identified that comprised the FT/HGSOC EV core proteome. Transmembrane exo-proteins were prioritized because these could serve as antigens for capture and/or detection. With a nano-engineered microfluidic platform, six newly discovered exo-proteins (ACSL4, IGSF8, ITGA2, ITGA5, ITGB3, MYOF) plus a known HGSOC associated protein, FOLR1 exhibited classification performance ranging from 85-98% in a case-control study using plasma samples representative of early (including stage IA/B) and late stage (stage III) HGSOCs. Furthermore, by linear combination of IGSF8 and ITGA5 based on logistic regression analysis, we achieved a sensitivity of 80% (99.8% specificity). These lineage-associated exo-biomarkers have potential to detect cancer while localized to the FT when patient outcomes are more favorable.
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12
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Russo A, Cain BP, Jackson-Bey T, Lopez Carrero A, Miglo J, MacLaughlan S, Isenberg BC, Coppeta J, Burdette JE. Increased Local Testosterone Levels Alter Human Fallopian Tube mRNA Profile and Signaling. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15072062. [PMID: 37046723 PMCID: PMC10093055 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15072062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Fallopian tube epithelium (FTE) plays a critical role in reproduction and can be the site where High Grade Serous Ovarian Carcinoma (HGSOC) originates. Tumorigenic oviductal cells, which are the murine equivalent of human fallopian tube secretory epithelial cells (FTSEC), enhance testosterone secretion by the ovary when co-cultured with the ovary, suggesting that testosterone is part of the signaling axis between the ovary and FTSEC. Furthermore, testosterone promotes proliferation of oviductal cells. Oral contraceptives, tubal ligation, and salpingectomy, which are all protective against developing ovarian cancer, also decrease circulating levels of androgen. In the current study, we investigated the effect of increased testosterone on FTE and found that testosterone upregulates wingless-type MMTV integration family, member 4 (WNT4) and induces migration and invasion of immortalized human fallopian tube cells. We profiled primary human fallopian tissues grown in the microfluidic system SOLO-microfluidic platform –(MFP) by RNA sequencing and found that p53 and its downstream target genes, such as paired box gene 2 (PAX2), cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (CDK1A or p21), and cluster of differentiation 82 (CD82 or KAI1) were downregulated in response to testosterone treatment. A microfluidic platform, the PREDICT-Multi Organ System (PREDICT-MOS) was engineered to support insert technology that allowed for the study of cancer cell migration and invasion through Matrigel. Using this system, we found that testosterone enhanced FTE migration and invasion, which was reversed by the androgen receptor (AR) antagonist, bicalutamide. Testosterone also enhanced FTSEC adhesion to the ovarian stroma using murine ovaries. Overall, these results indicate that primary human fallopian tube tissue and immortalized FTSEC respond to testosterone to shift expression of genes that regulate invasion, while leveraging a new strategy to study migration in the presence of dynamic fluid flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Russo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - Brian P. Cain
- Charles Stark Draper Laboratory, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Tia Jackson-Bey
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - Alfredo Lopez Carrero
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - Jane Miglo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - Shannon MacLaughlan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | | | | | - Joanna E. Burdette
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
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13
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Sato S, Gillette M, de Santiago PR, Kuhn E, Burgess M, Doucette K, Feng Y, Mendez-Dorantes C, Ippoliti PJ, Hobday S, Mitchell MA, Doberstein K, Gysler SM, Hirsch MS, Schwartz L, Birrer MJ, Skates SJ, Burns KH, Carr SA, Drapkin R. LINE-1 ORF1p as a candidate biomarker in high grade serous ovarian carcinoma. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1537. [PMID: 36707610 PMCID: PMC9883229 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-28840-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Long interspersed element 1 (LINE-1) open reading frame 1 protein (ORF1p) expression is a common feature of many cancer types, including high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC). Here, we report that ORF1p is not only expressed but also released by ovarian cancer and primary tumor cells. Immuno-multiple reaction monitoring-mass spectrometry assays showed that released ORF1p is confidently detectable in conditioned media, ascites, and patients' plasma, implicating ORF1p as a potential biomarker. Interestingly, ORF1p expression is detectable in fallopian tube (FT) epithelial precursors of HGSOC but not in benign FT, suggesting that ORF1p expression in an early event in HGSOC development. Finally, treatment of FT cells with DNA methyltransferase inhibitors led to robust expression and release of ORF1p, validating the regulatory role of DNA methylation in LINE-1 repression in non-tumorigenic tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sho Sato
- Penn Ovarian Cancer Research Center, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Michael Gillette
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA.,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Pamela R de Santiago
- Penn Ovarian Cancer Research Center, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Eric Kuhn
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Michael Burgess
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Kristen Doucette
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Yi Feng
- Penn Ovarian Cancer Research Center, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | | | - Paul J Ippoliti
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Sara Hobday
- Penn Ovarian Cancer Research Center, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Marilyn A Mitchell
- Penn Ovarian Cancer Research Center, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Kai Doberstein
- Penn Ovarian Cancer Research Center, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Stefan M Gysler
- Penn Ovarian Cancer Research Center, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Michelle S Hirsch
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Lauren Schwartz
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Michael J Birrer
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA
| | - Steven J Skates
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.,Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kathleen H Burns
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.,Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Steven A Carr
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Ronny Drapkin
- Penn Ovarian Cancer Research Center, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA. .,Basser Center for BRCA, Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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14
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Cavarzerani E, Caligiuri I, Bartoletti M, Canzonieri V, Rizzolio F. 3D dynamic cultures of HGSOC organoids to model innovative and standard therapies. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1135374. [PMID: 37143603 PMCID: PMC10151532 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1135374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) needs new technologies for improving cancer diagnosis and therapy. It is a fatal disease with few options for the patients. In this context, dynamic culture systems coupling with patient-derived cancer 3D microstructures could offer a new opportunity for exploring novel therapeutic approaches. In this study, we optimized a passive microfluidic platform with 3D cancer organoids, which allows a standardized approach among different patients, a minimum requirement of samples, multiple interrogations of biological events, and a rapid response. The passive flow was optimized to improve the growth of cancer organoids, avoiding the disruption of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Under optimized conditions of the OrganoFlow (tilting angle of 15° and an interval of rocking every 8 min), the cancer organoids grow faster than when they are in static conditions and the number of dead cells is reduced over time. To calculate the IC 50 values of standard chemotherapeutic drugs (carboplatin, paclitaxel, and doxorubicin) and targeted drugs (ATRA), different approaches were utilized. Resazurin staining, ATP-based assay, and DAPI/PI colocalization assays were compared, and the IC 50 values were calculated. The results showed that in the passive flow, the IC 50 values are lower than in static conditions. FITC-labeled paclitaxel shows a better penetration of ECM under passive flow than in static conditions, and cancer organoids start to die after 48 h instead of 96 h, respectively. Cancer organoids are the last frontiers for ex vivo testing of drugs that replicate the response of patients in the clinic. For this study, organoids derived from ascites or tissues of patients with Ovarian Cancer have been used. In conclusion, it was possible to develop a protocol for organoid cultures in a passive microfluidic platform with a higher growth rate, faster drug response, and better penetration of drugs into ECM, maintaining the samples' vitals and collecting the data on the same plate for up to 16 drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Cavarzerani
- Pathology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (C.R.O.) IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, Ca’ Foscari University of Venice, Venice, Italy
| | - Isabella Caligiuri
- Pathology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (C.R.O.) IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Michele Bartoletti
- Unit of Medical Oncology and Cancer Prevention, Department of Medical Oncology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Canzonieri
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, Ca’ Foscari University of Venice, Venice, Italy
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Flavio Rizzolio
- Pathology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (C.R.O.) IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, Ca’ Foscari University of Venice, Venice, Italy
- *Correspondence: Flavio Rizzolio,
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15
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Chang YH, Chu TY, Ding DC. Spontaneous Transformation of a p53 and Rb-Defective Human Fallopian Tube Epithelial Cell Line after Long Passage with Features of High-Grade Serous Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213843. [PMID: 36430324 PMCID: PMC9695839 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is one of the most lethal gynecological cancers, and 80% are high-grade serous carcinomas (HGSOC). Despite advances in chemotherapy and the development of targeted therapies, the survival rate of HGSOC has only moderately improved. Therefore, a cell model that reflects the pathogenesis and clinical characteristics of this disease is urgently needed. We previously developed a human fallopian tube epithelial cell line (FE25) with p53 and Rb deficiencies. After long-term culture in vitro, cells at high-passage numbers showed spontaneous transformation (FE25L). This study aimed to compare FE25 cells cultured in vitro for low (passage 16-31) and high passages (passage 116-139) to determine whether these cells can serve as an ideal cell model of HGSOC. Compared to the cells at low passage, FE25L cells showed increased cell proliferation, clonogenicity, polyploidy, aneuploidy, cell migration, and invasion. They also showed more resistance to chemotherapy and the ability to grow tumors in xenografts. RNA-seq data also showed upregulation of hypoxia, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and the NF-κB pathway in FE25L compared to FE25 cells. qRT-PCR confirmed the upregulation of EMT, cytokines, NF-κB, c-Myc, and the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Cross-platform comparability found that FE25L cells could be grouped with the other most likely HGSOC lines, such as TYKNU and COV362. In conclusion, FE25L cells showed more aggressive malignant behavior than FE25 cells and hence might serve as a more suitable model for HGSOC research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hsun Chang
- Department of Pediatrics, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97005, Taiwan
| | - Tang-Yuan Chu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97005, Taiwan
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Collagen of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97005, Taiwan
| | - Dah-Ching Ding
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97005, Taiwan
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Collagen of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97005, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-3856-1825 (ext. 13383); Fax: +886-3857-7161
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16
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Marchand GJ, Masoud AT, King AK, Brazil GM, Ulibarri HM, Parise JE, Arroyo AL, Coriell CL, Goetz SP, Moir CJ, Govindan ML. Salpingectomy, tubal ligation and hysteroscopic occlusion for sterilization. Minerva Obstet Gynecol 2022; 74:452-461. [PMID: 35912465 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-606x.22.05134-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sterilization of females is considered one of the most prevalent contraceptive techniques among women in the United States. There are many surgical sterilization procedures including salpingectomy, tubal ligation, and hysteroscopic occlusion of the fallopian tubes. We provide an overview of these methods from the clinical data and latest studies available on this topic. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION In order to review the latest literature on the topic, we searched electronic databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane library for all eligible studies from May 1st 2018 until May 1st 2022 using the following strategy: ("fallopian tube removal" OR Salpingectomy OR "fallopian tube excision" OR "tubal sterilization") AND ("tubal ligation" OR "bipolar coagulation" OR "tubal clip" OR "tubal ring" OR fimbriectomy). We reviewed every study that met our criteria and subjectively considered their results and methodology into this narrative review. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS In addition to reviewing major guidelines in the United States, 19 recent studies met our eligibility criteria and were included in this review. We grouped the findings under the following headings: anatomical and physiological considerations, sterilization, salpingectomy, tubal ligation, and hysteroscopic tubal occlusion. CONCLUSIONS Bilateral salpingectomy and techniques of tubal ligation or occlusion continue to be effective procedures with good safety profiles. All techniques have similar surgical outcomes and long-term success rates. As salpingectomy has the advantage of reducing the risk of occurrence of ovarian cancer, this is preferential when feasible. Hysteroscopic occlusion techniques may be more minimally invasive but have the disadvantages of delayed efficacy, the need for a second invasive diagnostic procedure, and limited availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greg J Marchand
- Department of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Marchand Institute for Minimally Invasive Surgery, Mesa, AZ, USA -
| | - Ahmed T Masoud
- Department of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Marchand Institute for Minimally Invasive Surgery, Mesa, AZ, USA
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Fayoum, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Alexa K King
- Department of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Marchand Institute for Minimally Invasive Surgery, Mesa, AZ, USA
| | - Giovanna M Brazil
- Department of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Marchand Institute for Minimally Invasive Surgery, Mesa, AZ, USA
| | - Hollie M Ulibarri
- Department of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Marchand Institute for Minimally Invasive Surgery, Mesa, AZ, USA
| | - Julia E Parise
- Department of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Marchand Institute for Minimally Invasive Surgery, Mesa, AZ, USA
| | - Amanda L Arroyo
- Department of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Marchand Institute for Minimally Invasive Surgery, Mesa, AZ, USA
| | - Catherine L Coriell
- Department of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Marchand Institute for Minimally Invasive Surgery, Mesa, AZ, USA
| | - Sydnee P Goetz
- Department of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Marchand Institute for Minimally Invasive Surgery, Mesa, AZ, USA
| | - Carmen J Moir
- Department of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Marchand Institute for Minimally Invasive Surgery, Mesa, AZ, USA
| | - Malini L Govindan
- Department of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Marchand Institute for Minimally Invasive Surgery, Mesa, AZ, USA
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17
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Vang R, Shih IM. Serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma: What Do We Really Know at this Point? Histopathology 2022; 81:542-555. [PMID: 35859323 DOI: 10.1111/his.14722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma (STIC) is the earliest morphologically recognizable step in the development of invasive high-grade serous carcinoma of the fallopian tube. Lesions occurring prior to STIC within the carcinogenic sequence for the pathogenesis of invasive high-grade serous carcinoma include the p53 signature and secretory cell outgrowth (SCOUT). Variable histologic criteria have been used for diagnosing STIC, but a combination of morphology and immunohistochemistry for p53/Ki-67 improves interobserver agreement. Half of all carcinomas identified in risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy specimens are in the form of STIC; however, STIC also may be incidentally found on occasion in specimens from women at low or average risk of ovarian/tubal/peritoneal carcinoma. TP53 mutation is the earliest known DNA sequence alteration in STIC and almost all invasive high-grade serous carcinomas of the ovary and peritoneum. Data on the clinical behavior of STIC are limited. While the short-term follow-up in the prior literature suggests a low risk of malignant progression, a more recent meta-analysis indicates a 10-year risk of 28%. STIC probably should be best regarded as a lesion with uncertain malignant potential at present, and future molecular analysis will help classify those with higher risk of dissemination. This review article provides an update on the current knowledge of STIC and related issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Russell Vang
- Departments of Pathology (Division of Gynecologic Pathology), The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Baltimore, MD, USA.,Gynecology & Obstetrics, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ie-Ming Shih
- Departments of Pathology (Division of Gynecologic Pathology), The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Baltimore, MD, USA.,Gynecology & Obstetrics, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Baltimore, MD, USA.,Oncology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Baltimore, MD, USA
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18
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Hanley GE, Niu J, Han J, Fung S, Bryant H, Kwon JS, Huntsman DG, Finlayson SJ, McAlpine JN, Miller D, Earle CC. Opportunistic salpingectomy between 2011 and 2016: a descriptive analysis. CMAJ Open 2022; 10:E466-E475. [PMID: 35640988 PMCID: PMC9177200 DOI: 10.9778/cmajo.20210219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Opportunistic salpingectomy (OS) is the removal of fallopian tubes during hysterectomy for benign indications or instead of tubal ligation, for the purpose of preventing ovarian cancer. We determined rates of OS at the time of hysterectomy and tubal sterilization and examined how they changed over the study period. METHODS Using data from the Canadian Institute for Health Information's Discharge Abstract Database and National Ambulatory Care Reporting System for all Canadian provinces and territories (except Quebec) between the fiscal years 2011 and 2016, we conducted a descriptive analysis of all patients aged 15 years or older who underwent hysterectomy or tubal sterilization. We excluded those with diagnostic codes for any gynecologic cancer and those who underwent unilateral salpingectomy. We examined the proportion who had OS during their hysterectomy and compared the proportion of tubal sterilizations that were OS with the proportion that were tubal ligations. RESULTS A total of 318 528 participants were included in the study (mean age 42.5 yr). The proportion of hysterectomies that included OS increased from 15.4% in 2011 to 35.5% by 2016. With respect to tubal sterilization, the rate of OS increased from 6.5% of all tubal sterilizations in 2011 to 22.0% in 2016. There was considerable variation across jurisdictions in 2016, with British Columbia having the highest rates (53.2% of all hysterectomies and 74.0% of tubal sterilizations involved OS). INTERPRETATION The rates of OS increased between 2011 and 2016, but there was considerable variation across the included jurisdictions. Our study indicates room for rates of OS to increase across many of the included jurisdictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gillian E Hanley
- Division of Gynaecologic Oncology (Hanley, Kwon, Huntsman, Finlayson, McAlpine, Miller), Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Huntsman), University of British Columbia; Vancouver Coastal Health (Finlayson), Vancouver, BC; Canadian Partnership Against Cancer (Niu, Han, Fung, Bryant, Huntsman, Earle), Toronto, Ont.; Department of Community Health Sciences (Bryant) and Department of Oncology (Bryant), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.
| | - Jin Niu
- Division of Gynaecologic Oncology (Hanley, Kwon, Huntsman, Finlayson, McAlpine, Miller), Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Huntsman), University of British Columbia; Vancouver Coastal Health (Finlayson), Vancouver, BC; Canadian Partnership Against Cancer (Niu, Han, Fung, Bryant, Huntsman, Earle), Toronto, Ont.; Department of Community Health Sciences (Bryant) and Department of Oncology (Bryant), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - Jihee Han
- Division of Gynaecologic Oncology (Hanley, Kwon, Huntsman, Finlayson, McAlpine, Miller), Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Huntsman), University of British Columbia; Vancouver Coastal Health (Finlayson), Vancouver, BC; Canadian Partnership Against Cancer (Niu, Han, Fung, Bryant, Huntsman, Earle), Toronto, Ont.; Department of Community Health Sciences (Bryant) and Department of Oncology (Bryant), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - Sharon Fung
- Division of Gynaecologic Oncology (Hanley, Kwon, Huntsman, Finlayson, McAlpine, Miller), Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Huntsman), University of British Columbia; Vancouver Coastal Health (Finlayson), Vancouver, BC; Canadian Partnership Against Cancer (Niu, Han, Fung, Bryant, Huntsman, Earle), Toronto, Ont.; Department of Community Health Sciences (Bryant) and Department of Oncology (Bryant), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - Heather Bryant
- Division of Gynaecologic Oncology (Hanley, Kwon, Huntsman, Finlayson, McAlpine, Miller), Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Huntsman), University of British Columbia; Vancouver Coastal Health (Finlayson), Vancouver, BC; Canadian Partnership Against Cancer (Niu, Han, Fung, Bryant, Huntsman, Earle), Toronto, Ont.; Department of Community Health Sciences (Bryant) and Department of Oncology (Bryant), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - Janice S Kwon
- Division of Gynaecologic Oncology (Hanley, Kwon, Huntsman, Finlayson, McAlpine, Miller), Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Huntsman), University of British Columbia; Vancouver Coastal Health (Finlayson), Vancouver, BC; Canadian Partnership Against Cancer (Niu, Han, Fung, Bryant, Huntsman, Earle), Toronto, Ont.; Department of Community Health Sciences (Bryant) and Department of Oncology (Bryant), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - David G Huntsman
- Division of Gynaecologic Oncology (Hanley, Kwon, Huntsman, Finlayson, McAlpine, Miller), Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Huntsman), University of British Columbia; Vancouver Coastal Health (Finlayson), Vancouver, BC; Canadian Partnership Against Cancer (Niu, Han, Fung, Bryant, Huntsman, Earle), Toronto, Ont.; Department of Community Health Sciences (Bryant) and Department of Oncology (Bryant), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - Sarah J Finlayson
- Division of Gynaecologic Oncology (Hanley, Kwon, Huntsman, Finlayson, McAlpine, Miller), Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Huntsman), University of British Columbia; Vancouver Coastal Health (Finlayson), Vancouver, BC; Canadian Partnership Against Cancer (Niu, Han, Fung, Bryant, Huntsman, Earle), Toronto, Ont.; Department of Community Health Sciences (Bryant) and Department of Oncology (Bryant), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - Jessica N McAlpine
- Division of Gynaecologic Oncology (Hanley, Kwon, Huntsman, Finlayson, McAlpine, Miller), Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Huntsman), University of British Columbia; Vancouver Coastal Health (Finlayson), Vancouver, BC; Canadian Partnership Against Cancer (Niu, Han, Fung, Bryant, Huntsman, Earle), Toronto, Ont.; Department of Community Health Sciences (Bryant) and Department of Oncology (Bryant), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - Dianne Miller
- Division of Gynaecologic Oncology (Hanley, Kwon, Huntsman, Finlayson, McAlpine, Miller), Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Huntsman), University of British Columbia; Vancouver Coastal Health (Finlayson), Vancouver, BC; Canadian Partnership Against Cancer (Niu, Han, Fung, Bryant, Huntsman, Earle), Toronto, Ont.; Department of Community Health Sciences (Bryant) and Department of Oncology (Bryant), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - Craig C Earle
- Division of Gynaecologic Oncology (Hanley, Kwon, Huntsman, Finlayson, McAlpine, Miller), Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Huntsman), University of British Columbia; Vancouver Coastal Health (Finlayson), Vancouver, BC; Canadian Partnership Against Cancer (Niu, Han, Fung, Bryant, Huntsman, Earle), Toronto, Ont.; Department of Community Health Sciences (Bryant) and Department of Oncology (Bryant), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
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19
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Loss of LKB1-NUAK1 signalling enhances NF-κB activity in a spheroid model of high-grade serous ovarian cancer. Sci Rep 2022; 12:3011. [PMID: 35194062 PMCID: PMC8863794 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-06796-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is an aggressive malignancy often diagnosed at an advanced stage. Although most HGSOC patients respond initially to debulking surgery combined with cytotoxic chemotherapy, many ultimately relapse with platinum-resistant disease. Thus, improving outcomes requires new ways of limiting metastasis and eradicating residual disease. We identified previously that Liver kinase B1 (LKB1) and its substrate NUAK1 are implicated in EOC spheroid cell viability and are required for efficient metastasis in orthotopic mouse models. Here, we sought to identify additional signalling pathways altered in EOC cells due to LKB1 or NUAK1 loss-of-function. Transcriptome analysis revealed that inflammatory signalling mediated by NF-κB transcription factors is hyperactive due to LKB1-NUAK1 loss in HGSOC cells and spheroids. Upregulated NF-κB signalling due to NUAK1 loss suppresses reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and sustains cell survival in spheroids. NF-κB signalling is also activated in HGSOC precursor fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell spheroids, and is further enhanced by NUAK1 loss. Finally, immunohistochemical analysis of OVCAR8 xenograft tumors lacking NUAK1 displayed increased RelB expression and nuclear staining. Our results support the idea that NUAK1 and NF-κB signalling pathways together regulate ROS and inflammatory signalling, supporting cell survival during each step of HGSOC pathogenesis. We propose that their combined inhibition may be efficacious as a novel therapeutic strategy for advanced HGSOC.
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20
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Yee C, Dickson KA, Muntasir MN, Ma Y, Marsh DJ. Three-Dimensional Modelling of Ovarian Cancer: From Cell Lines to Organoids for Discovery and Personalized Medicine. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:836984. [PMID: 35223797 PMCID: PMC8866972 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.836984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer has the highest mortality of all of the gynecological malignancies. There are several distinct histotypes of this malignancy characterized by specific molecular events and clinical behavior. These histotypes have differing responses to platinum-based drugs that have been the mainstay of therapy for ovarian cancer for decades. For histotypes that initially respond to a chemotherapeutic regime of carboplatin and paclitaxel such as high-grade serous ovarian cancer, the development of chemoresistance is common and underpins incurable disease. Recent discoveries have led to the clinical use of PARP (poly ADP ribose polymerase) inhibitors for ovarian cancers defective in homologous recombination repair, as well as the anti-angiogenic bevacizumab. While predictive molecular testing involving identification of a genomic scar and/or the presence of germline or somatic BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation are in clinical use to inform the likely success of a PARP inhibitor, no similar tests are available to identify women likely to respond to bevacizumab. Functional tests to predict patient response to any drug are, in fact, essentially absent from clinical care. New drugs are needed to treat ovarian cancer. In this review, we discuss applications to address the currently unmet need of developing physiologically relevant in vitro and ex vivo models of ovarian cancer for fundamental discovery science, and personalized medicine approaches. Traditional two-dimensional (2D) in vitro cell culture of ovarian cancer lacks critical cell-to-cell interactions afforded by culture in three-dimensions. Additionally, modelling interactions with the tumor microenvironment, including the surface of organs in the peritoneal cavity that support metastatic growth of ovarian cancer, will improve the power of these models. Being able to reliably grow primary tumoroid cultures of ovarian cancer will improve the ability to recapitulate tumor heterogeneity. Three-dimensional (3D) modelling systems, from cell lines to organoid or tumoroid cultures, represent enhanced starting points from which improved translational outcomes for women with ovarian cancer will emerge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Yee
- Translational Oncology Group, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
| | - Kristie-Ann Dickson
- Translational Oncology Group, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
| | - Mohammed N. Muntasir
- Translational Oncology Group, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
| | - Yue Ma
- Translational Oncology Group, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
| | - Deborah J. Marsh
- Translational Oncology Group, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
- Northern Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
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21
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Senescence induction dictates response to chemo- and immunotherapy in preclinical models of ovarian cancer. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:2117754119. [PMID: 35082152 PMCID: PMC8812522 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2117754119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Efforts to understand and find new treatment options for high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) have been confounded by a paucity of immune-competent models that accurately reflect the genetics and biology of the disease. Here, we leverage somatic tissue engineering to develop a fast and flexible immune-competent mouse model of HGSOC and reveal mechanistic insights into factors that dictate the response of ovarian tumors to conventional chemotherapy and immune checkpoint blockade. Our results identify a genotype-dependent therapy-induced senescence program that mediates sensitivity and resistance to first line chemotherapy and point to strategies to harness the senescence program to sensitize ovarian tumors to immune checkpoint blockade. High-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) is a cancer with dismal prognosis due to the limited effectiveness of existing chemo- and immunotherapies. To elucidate mechanisms mediating sensitivity or resistance to these therapies, we developed a fast and flexible autochthonous mouse model based on somatic introduction of HGSOC-associated genetic alterations into the ovary of immunocompetent mice using tissue electroporation. Tumors arising in these mice recapitulate the metastatic patterns and histological, molecular, and treatment response features of the human disease. By leveraging these models, we show that the ability to undergo senescence underlies the clinically observed increase in sensitivity of homologous recombination (HR)–deficient HGSOC tumors to platinum-based chemotherapy. Further, cGas/STING-mediated activation of a restricted senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) was sufficient to induce immune infiltration and sensitize HR-deficient tumors to immune checkpoint blockade. In sum, our study identifies senescence propensity as a predictor of therapy response and defines a limited SASP profile that appears sufficient to confer added vulnerability to concurrent immunotherapy and, more broadly, provides a blueprint for the implementation of electroporation-based mouse models to reveal mechanisms of oncogenesis and therapy response in HGSOC.
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22
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Barr JL, Kruse A, Restaino AC, Tulina N, Stuckelberger S, Vermeer SJ, Williamson CS, Vermeer DW, Madeo M, Stamp J, Bell M, Morgan M, Yoon JY, Mitchell MA, Budina A, Omran DK, Schwartz LE, Drapkin R, Vermeer PD. Intra-Tumoral Nerve-Tracing in a Novel Syngeneic Model of High-Grade Serous Ovarian Carcinoma. Cells 2021; 10:3491. [PMID: 34944001 PMCID: PMC8699855 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Dense tumor innervation is associated with enhanced cancer progression and poor prognosis. We observed innervation in breast, prostate, pancreatic, lung, liver, ovarian, and colon cancers. Defining innervation in high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) was a focus since sensory innervation was observed whereas the normal tissue contains predominantly sympathetic input. The origin, specific nerve type, and the mechanisms promoting innervation and driving nerve-cancer cell communications in ovarian cancer remain largely unknown. The technique of neuro-tracing enhances the study of tumor innervation by offering a means for identification and mapping of nerve sources that may directly and indirectly affect the tumor microenvironment. Here, we establish a murine model of HGSOC and utilize image-guided microinjections of retrograde neuro-tracer to label tumor-infiltrating peripheral neurons, mapping their source and circuitry. We show that regional sensory neurons innervate HGSOC tumors. Interestingly, the axons within the tumor trace back to local dorsal root ganglia as well as jugular-nodose ganglia. Further manipulations of these tumor projecting neurons may define the neuronal contributions in tumor growth, invasion, metastasis, and responses to therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey L. Barr
- Cancer Biology and Immunotherapies Group, Sanford Research, 2301 East 60th St. North, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA; (J.L.B.); (A.K.); (A.C.R.); (C.S.W.); (D.W.V.); (M.M.); (J.S.)
| | - Allison Kruse
- Cancer Biology and Immunotherapies Group, Sanford Research, 2301 East 60th St. North, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA; (J.L.B.); (A.K.); (A.C.R.); (C.S.W.); (D.W.V.); (M.M.); (J.S.)
| | - Anthony C. Restaino
- Cancer Biology and Immunotherapies Group, Sanford Research, 2301 East 60th St. North, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA; (J.L.B.); (A.K.); (A.C.R.); (C.S.W.); (D.W.V.); (M.M.); (J.S.)
- Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, 414 East Clark St., Vermillion, SD 57069, USA
| | - Natalia Tulina
- Penn Ovarian Cancer Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 421 Curie Blvd, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (N.T.); (S.S.); (M.M.); (M.A.M.); (D.K.O.); (R.D.)
| | - Sarah Stuckelberger
- Penn Ovarian Cancer Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 421 Curie Blvd, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (N.T.); (S.S.); (M.M.); (M.A.M.); (D.K.O.); (R.D.)
| | - Samuel J. Vermeer
- Lincoln High School, 2900 South Cliff Avenue, Sioux Falls, SD 57105, USA;
| | - Caitlin S. Williamson
- Cancer Biology and Immunotherapies Group, Sanford Research, 2301 East 60th St. North, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA; (J.L.B.); (A.K.); (A.C.R.); (C.S.W.); (D.W.V.); (M.M.); (J.S.)
| | - Daniel W. Vermeer
- Cancer Biology and Immunotherapies Group, Sanford Research, 2301 East 60th St. North, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA; (J.L.B.); (A.K.); (A.C.R.); (C.S.W.); (D.W.V.); (M.M.); (J.S.)
| | - Marianna Madeo
- Cancer Biology and Immunotherapies Group, Sanford Research, 2301 East 60th St. North, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA; (J.L.B.); (A.K.); (A.C.R.); (C.S.W.); (D.W.V.); (M.M.); (J.S.)
| | - Jillian Stamp
- Cancer Biology and Immunotherapies Group, Sanford Research, 2301 East 60th St. North, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA; (J.L.B.); (A.K.); (A.C.R.); (C.S.W.); (D.W.V.); (M.M.); (J.S.)
| | - Maria Bell
- Sanford Gynecologic Oncology, Sanford Health, 1309 West 17th St., Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA;
| | - Mark Morgan
- Penn Ovarian Cancer Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 421 Curie Blvd, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (N.T.); (S.S.); (M.M.); (M.A.M.); (D.K.O.); (R.D.)
| | - Ju-Yoon Yoon
- Laboratory Medicine, Department of Pathology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce St., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (J.-Y.Y.); (A.B.); (L.E.S.)
| | - Marilyn A. Mitchell
- Penn Ovarian Cancer Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 421 Curie Blvd, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (N.T.); (S.S.); (M.M.); (M.A.M.); (D.K.O.); (R.D.)
| | - Anna Budina
- Laboratory Medicine, Department of Pathology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce St., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (J.-Y.Y.); (A.B.); (L.E.S.)
| | - Dalia K. Omran
- Penn Ovarian Cancer Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 421 Curie Blvd, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (N.T.); (S.S.); (M.M.); (M.A.M.); (D.K.O.); (R.D.)
| | - Lauren E. Schwartz
- Laboratory Medicine, Department of Pathology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce St., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (J.-Y.Y.); (A.B.); (L.E.S.)
| | - Ronny Drapkin
- Penn Ovarian Cancer Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 421 Curie Blvd, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (N.T.); (S.S.); (M.M.); (M.A.M.); (D.K.O.); (R.D.)
| | - Paola D. Vermeer
- Cancer Biology and Immunotherapies Group, Sanford Research, 2301 East 60th St. North, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA; (J.L.B.); (A.K.); (A.C.R.); (C.S.W.); (D.W.V.); (M.M.); (J.S.)
- Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, 414 East Clark St., Vermillion, SD 57069, USA
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23
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Lin Y, Wei Y, Jiang M, Tang X, Huang F, Yang X. Organoid culture of mouse fallopian tube epithelial stem cells with a thermo-reversible gelation polymer. Tissue Cell 2021; 73:101622. [PMID: 34454367 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2021.101622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a three-dimensional (3D) thermo-reversible gelation polymer (TGP) culture system was established for organoid culture of mouse fallopian tube (FT) epithelial stem cells (FTESCs) without cell isolation. FT tissues from 6- to 8-week-old ICR mice were digested with collagenase, and whole FT cells (FTCs) were inoculated into the TGP. After 6 days of culture, many spheres in the TGP formed. Some cells in the spheres were positive for 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU), a marker of cell proliferation. Furthermore, all the spheres that formed in the TGP were also labelled for EpCAM and LGR5. Some cells in the spheres were stained for PAX8, a secretory cell marker, and fewer cells were labelled with TUBB4, a ciliated cell marker. These results indicate that the 3D TGP culture system is a useful tool for organoid culture of FTESCs in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- YunXiu Lin
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine, Fujian Medical University, PR China.
| | - YuZhen Wei
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine, Fujian Medical University, PR China.
| | - MingZhu Jiang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Fujian Medical University, PR China.
| | - Xuan Tang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Fujian Medical University, PR China.
| | - Feng Huang
- Laboratory of Clinical Applied Anatomy, Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, Fujian Medical University, PR China.
| | - XinZhi Yang
- Laboratory of Clinical Applied Anatomy, Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, Fujian Medical University, PR China.
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24
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Bronder D, Tighe A, Wangsa D, Zong D, Meyer TJ, Wardenaar R, Minshall P, Hirsch D, Heselmeyer-Haddad K, Nelson L, Spierings D, McGrail JC, Cam M, Nussenzweig A, Foijer F, Ried T, Taylor SS. TP53 loss initiates chromosomal instability in fallopian tube epithelial cells. Dis Model Mech 2021; 14:dmm049001. [PMID: 34569598 PMCID: PMC8649171 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.049001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) originates in the fallopian tube epithelium and is characterized by ubiquitous TP53 mutation and extensive chromosomal instability (CIN). However, direct causes of CIN, such as mutations in DNA replication and mitosis genes, are rare in HGSOC. We therefore asked whether oncogenic mutations that are common in HGSOC can indirectly drive CIN in non-transformed human fallopian tube epithelial cells. To model homologous recombination deficient HGSOC, we sequentially mutated TP53 and BRCA1 then overexpressed MYC. Loss of p53 function alone was sufficient to drive the emergence of subclonal karyotype alterations. TP53 mutation also led to global gene expression changes, influencing modules involved in cell cycle commitment, DNA replication, G2/M checkpoint control and mitotic spindle function. Both transcriptional deregulation and karyotype diversity were exacerbated by loss of BRCA1 function, with whole-genome doubling events observed in independent p53/BRCA1-deficient lineages. Thus, our observations indicate that loss of the key tumour suppressor TP53 is sufficient to deregulate multiple cell cycle control networks and thereby initiate CIN in pre-malignant fallopian tube epithelial cells. This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Bronder
- Division of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Cancer Research Centre, Wilmslow Road, Manchester M20 4GJ, UK
- Genetics Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Anthony Tighe
- Division of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Cancer Research Centre, Wilmslow Road, Manchester M20 4GJ, UK
| | - Darawalee Wangsa
- Genetics Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Dali Zong
- Laboratory of Genome Integrity, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Thomas J. Meyer
- CCR Collaborative Bioinformatics Resource, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - René Wardenaar
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing (ERIBA), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Paul Minshall
- Division of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Cancer Research Centre, Wilmslow Road, Manchester M20 4GJ, UK
| | - Daniela Hirsch
- Genetics Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | | | - Louisa Nelson
- Division of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Cancer Research Centre, Wilmslow Road, Manchester M20 4GJ, UK
| | - Diana Spierings
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing (ERIBA), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Joanne C. McGrail
- Division of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Cancer Research Centre, Wilmslow Road, Manchester M20 4GJ, UK
| | - Maggie Cam
- CCR Collaborative Bioinformatics Resource, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - André Nussenzweig
- Laboratory of Genome Integrity, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Floris Foijer
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing (ERIBA), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Ried
- Genetics Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Stephen S. Taylor
- Division of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Cancer Research Centre, Wilmslow Road, Manchester M20 4GJ, UK
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25
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Amit A, Sabo E, Petruseva A, Stroller L, Reiss A, Klorin G. Computerized morphometry analysis of epithelial fimbriae nuclear symmetry in BRCA carriers may identify patients at risk for developing ovarian cancer. Microsc Res Tech 2021; 85:892-899. [PMID: 34626142 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Serous ovarian tumors may originate in epithelial cells of the fallopian tubes. Computerized morphometry was able to find significant alterations in the fallopian tube epithelium of healthy BRCA carriers. The purpose of this study was to identify a subgroup of BRCA carriers that may be at risk of developing serous ovarian cancer by evaluation of the epithelial nuclear symmetry in the fallopian tubes. Four groups of patients were analyzed; healthy patients, ovarian cancer patients, BRCA carriers, and BRCA noncarriers. All fallopian tubes appeared normal by H&E examination. The ImageProPlus software was used to assess the nuclear symmetry of 65 fimbriae epithelium cells and an artificial neural network algorithm aided in detecting a subpopulation among fimbriae of healthy BRCA carriers at risk for ovarian cancer. Significant differences were found between healthy patients and ovarian cancer patients, and between BRCA carriers and noncarriers. The algorithm was able to accurately predict BRCA carriers with associated ovarian cancer based on fallopian tube nuclear symmetry characteristics. These results reinforce the hypothesis that fimbriae epithelial cells of BRCA carriers may undergo early-stage changes that could predict the risk of progression toward malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amnon Amit
- Department of Gynecology-Oncology, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel.,Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Edmond Sabo
- Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.,Department of Pathology, Carmel Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - Anna Petruseva
- Department of Gynecology-Oncology, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Leah Stroller
- Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Ari Reiss
- Department of Gynecology-Oncology, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Geula Klorin
- Department of Gynecology-Oncology, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel.,Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
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Bai MY, Yu MH, Wang TT, Chen SH, Wang YC. Plate-like Alginate Microparticles with Disulfiram-SPIO-Coencapsulation: An In Vivo Study for Combined Therapy on Ovarian Cancer. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13091348. [PMID: 34575423 PMCID: PMC8468052 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13091348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Disulfiram is a drug used to support the treatment of chronic alcoholism. Recently, it has been found to have an off-label ability to inhibit the growth of ovarian cancer cells. However, the original formulation was designed for use via oral administration, which is not suitable to be given by a direct spray on the affected area. Therefore, in this study, we designed and prepared alginate (ALG) microparticles loaded with disulfiram and superparamagnetic iron oxide (cross-linking disulfiram/SPIO/ALG MPs), which have great potential application for inhibiting the growth of ovarian cancer simultaneously via two treatments, i.e., chemotherapy and hyperthermia. The drug-encapsulating alginate microparticles were prepared using an electrospray system and then cross-linked with calcium chloride ions. The particles were observed by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, and found to be approximately 200 μm in diameter. The disc-shape morphology of the microparticles could be controlled by up to 95%. The drug-encapsulation efficiency of the microparticles reached 98%, and the suppression of tumor growth for the free-form disulfiram-treated group and disulfiram/SPIO/ALG MPs-treated group were 48.2% and 55.9% of tumor volume reduction, respectively, compared with a cisplatin-treated group. A hyperthermic effect can be achieved by applying a magnetic field to oscillate SPIO. The results of this study showed that these cross-linking disulfiram/SPIO/ALG MPs are potential drug carriers for the treatment of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Yi Bai
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, TR-917, AAEON Building, No.43, Keelung Rd., Sec.4, Da’an Dist., Taipei 10607, Taiwan; (M.-Y.B.); (T.-T.W.); (S.-H.C.)
- Biomedical Engineering Program, Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technolo-gy, TR-917, AAEON Building, No.43, Keelung Rd., Sec.4, Da’an Dist., Taipei 10607, Taiwan
- Adjunct Appointment to the Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
| | - Mu-Hsien Yu
- Department of Obstetric and Gynecology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan;
| | - Ting-Teng Wang
- Biomedical Engineering Program, Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technolo-gy, TR-917, AAEON Building, No.43, Keelung Rd., Sec.4, Da’an Dist., Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Shiu-Hsin Chen
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, TR-917, AAEON Building, No.43, Keelung Rd., Sec.4, Da’an Dist., Taipei 10607, Taiwan; (M.-Y.B.); (T.-T.W.); (S.-H.C.)
| | - Yu-Chi Wang
- Department of Obstetric and Gynecology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan;
- Correspondence:
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Dash S, Yoder S, Mesa T, Smith A, Cen L, Eschrich S, Armaiz-Pena GN, Monteiro ANA. Effects of long-term norepinephrine treatment on normal immortalized ovarian and fallopian tube cells. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14334. [PMID: 34253763 PMCID: PMC8275603 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93506-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Sustained adrenergic stimulation by norepinephrine (NE) contributes to ovarian carcinoma metastasis and impairment of chemotherapy response. Although the effect of sustained NE stimulation in cancer progression is well established, less is known about its role in cancer initiation. To determine the extent to which stress hormones influence ovarian cancer initiation, we conducted a long-term (> 3 months; > 40 population doublings) experiment in which normal immortalized fallopian tube secretory (iFTSEC283) and ovarian surface epithelial (iOSE11) cell lines and their isogenic pairs containing a p53 mutation (iFTSEC283p53R175H; iOSE11p53R175H), were continuously exposed to NE (100 nM, 1 μM, 10 μM). Fallopian tube cells displayed a p53-independent increase in proliferation and colony-forming ability in response to NE, while ovarian surface epithelial cells displayed a p53-independent decrease in both assays. Fallopian tube cells with mutant p53 showed a mild loss of chromosomes and TP53 status was also a defining factor in transcriptional response of fallopian tube cells to long-term NE treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sweta Dash
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL, 1290233612, USA
- Cancer Biology Ph.D. Program, University of South Florida Tampa, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Sean Yoder
- Molecular Genomics Core Facility, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Tania Mesa
- Molecular Genomics Core Facility, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Andrew Smith
- Molecular Genomics Core Facility, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Ling Cen
- Data Sharing Core, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Steven Eschrich
- Data Sharing Core, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Guillermo N Armaiz-Pena
- Department of Basic Sciences, Pharmacology Division, School of Medicine, Ponce Health Sciences University and Divisions of Cancer Biology and Women's Health, Ponce Research Institute, Ponce, PR, USA
| | - Alvaro N A Monteiro
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL, 1290233612, USA.
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Mutated p53 in HGSC-From a Common Mutation to a Target for Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13143465. [PMID: 34298679 PMCID: PMC8304959 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13143465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Ovarian high-grade serous cancer (HGSC), the most common and the deadliest subtype of epithelial ovarian cancer, is characterized by frequent mutations in the TP53 tumor suppressor gene, encoding for the p53 protein in nearly 100% of cases. This makes p53 the focus of many studies trying to understand its role in HGSC. The aim of our review paper is to provide updates on the latest findings related to the role of mutant p53 in HGSC. This includes the clinical outcomes of TP53 mutations in HGSC, upstream regulators and downstream effectors of p53, its function in the earliest stages of HGSC development and in the interplay between the tumor cells and their microenvironment. We summarize with the likelihood of p53 mutants to serve as biomarkers for early diagnosis and as targets for therapy in HGSC. Abstract Mutations in tumor suppressor gene TP53, encoding for the p53 protein, are the most ubiquitous genetic variation in human ovarian HGSC, the most prevalent and lethal histologic subtype of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). The majority of TP53 mutations are missense mutations, leading to loss of tumor suppressive function of p53 and gain of new oncogenic functions. This review presents the clinical relevance of TP53 mutations in HGSC, elaborating on several recently identified upstream regulators of mutant p53 that control its expression and downstream target genes that mediate its roles in the disease. TP53 mutations are the earliest genetic alterations during HGSC pathogenesis, and we summarize current information related to p53 function in the pathogenesis of HGSC. The role of p53 is cell autonomous, and in the interaction between cancer cells and its microenvironment. We discuss the reduction in p53 expression levels in tumor associated fibroblasts that promotes cancer progression, and the role of mutated p53 in the interaction between the tumor and its microenvironment. Lastly, we discuss the potential of TP53 mutations to serve as diagnostic biomarkers and detail some more advanced efforts to use mutated p53 as a therapeutic target in HGSC.
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Yamulla RJ, Nalubola S, Flesken-Nikitin A, Nikitin AY, Schimenti JC. Most Commonly Mutated Genes in High-Grade Serous Ovarian Carcinoma Are Nonessential for Ovarian Surface Epithelial Stem Cell Transformation. Cell Rep 2021; 32:108086. [PMID: 32877668 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
High-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) is the fifth leading cause of cancer-related deaths of women in the United States. Disease-associated mutations have been identified by the Cancer Genome Atlas Research Network. However, aside from mutations in TP53 or the RB1 pathway that are common in HGSOC, the contributions of mutation combinations are unclear. Here, we report CRISPR mutagenesis of 20 putative HGSOC driver genes to identify combinatorial disruptions of genes that transform either ovarian surface epithelium stem cells (OSE-SCs) or non-stem cells (OSE-NSs). Our results support the OSE-SC theory of HGSOC initiation and suggest that most commonly mutated genes in HGSOC have no effect on OSE-SC transformation initiation. Our results indicate that disruption of TP53 and PTEN, combined with RB1 disruption, constitutes a core set of mutations driving efficient transformation in vitro. The combined data may contribute to more accurate modeling of HGSOC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Joseph Yamulla
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Shreya Nalubola
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA
| | - Andrea Flesken-Nikitin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Alexander Yu Nikitin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - John C Schimenti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
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Wesley T, Berzins S, Kannourakis G, Ahmed N. The attributes of plakins in cancer and disease: perspectives on ovarian cancer progression, chemoresistance and recurrence. Cell Commun Signal 2021; 19:55. [PMID: 34001250 PMCID: PMC8127266 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-021-00726-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The plakin family of cytoskeletal proteins play an important role in cancer progression yet are under-studied in cancer, especially ovarian cancer. These large cytoskeletal proteins have primary roles in the maintenance of cytoskeletal integrity but are also associated with scaffolds of intermediate filaments and hemidesmosomal adhesion complexes mediating signalling pathways that regulate cellular growth, migration, invasion and differentiation as well as stress response. Abnormalities of plakins, and the closely related spectraplakins, result in diseases of the skin, striated muscle and nervous tissue. Their prevalence in epithelial cells suggests that plakins may play a role in epithelial ovarian cancer progression and recurrence. In this review article, we explore the roles of plakins, particularly plectin, periplakin and envoplakin in disease-states and cancers with emphasis on ovarian cancer. We discuss the potential role the plakin family of proteins play in regulating cancer cell growth, survival, migration, invasion and drug resistance. We highlight potential relationships between plakins, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cancer stem cells (CSCs) and discuss how interaction of these processes may affect ovarian cancer progression, chemoresistance and ultimately recurrence. We propose that molecular changes in the expression of plakins leads to the transition of benign ovarian tumours to carcinomas, as well as floating cellular aggregates (commonly known as spheroids) in the ascites microenvironment, which may contribute to the sustenance and progression of the disease. In this review, attempts have been made to understand the crucial changes in plakin expression in relation to progression and recurrence of ovarian cancer. Video Abstract
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamsin Wesley
- Fiona Elsey Cancer Research Institute, Ballarat Technology Central Park, Suites 23-26, 106-110 Lydiard Street South, Ballarat, VIC, 3353, Australia.,School of Science, Psychology and Sport, Federation University Australia, Ballarat, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Stuart Berzins
- Fiona Elsey Cancer Research Institute, Ballarat Technology Central Park, Suites 23-26, 106-110 Lydiard Street South, Ballarat, VIC, 3353, Australia.,School of Science, Psychology and Sport, Federation University Australia, Ballarat, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - George Kannourakis
- Fiona Elsey Cancer Research Institute, Ballarat Technology Central Park, Suites 23-26, 106-110 Lydiard Street South, Ballarat, VIC, 3353, Australia.,School of Science, Psychology and Sport, Federation University Australia, Ballarat, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Nuzhat Ahmed
- Fiona Elsey Cancer Research Institute, Ballarat Technology Central Park, Suites 23-26, 106-110 Lydiard Street South, Ballarat, VIC, 3353, Australia. .,School of Science, Psychology and Sport, Federation University Australia, Ballarat, VIC, 3010, Australia. .,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia. .,Centre for Reproductive Health, The Hudson Institute of Medical Research and Department of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3168, Australia.
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31
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Lepage CC, Palmer MCL, Farrell AC, Neudorf NM, Lichtensztejn Z, Nachtigal MW, McManus KJ. Reduced SKP1 and CUL1 expression underlies increases in Cyclin E1 and chromosome instability in cellular precursors of high-grade serous ovarian cancer. Br J Cancer 2021; 124:1699-1710. [PMID: 33731859 PMCID: PMC8110794 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-021-01317-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is the most common and lethal ovarian cancer histotype. Chromosome instability (CIN, an increased rate of chromosome gains and losses) is believed to play a fundamental role in the development and evolution of HGSOC. Importantly, overexpression of Cyclin E1 protein induces CIN, and genomic amplification of CCNE1 contributes to HGSOC pathogenesis in ~20% of patients. Cyclin E1 levels are normally regulated in a cell cycle-dependent manner by the SCF (SKP1-CUL1-FBOX) complex, an E3 ubiquitin ligase that includes the proteins SKP1 and CUL1. Conceptually, diminished SKP1 or CUL1 expression is predicted to underlie increases in Cyclin E1 levels and induce CIN. METHODS This study employs fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell models to evaluate the impact diminished SKP1 or CUL1 expression has on Cyclin E1 and CIN in both short-term (siRNA) and long-term (CRISPR/Cas9) studies. RESULTS Single-cell quantitative imaging microscopy approaches revealed changes in CIN-associated phenotypes and chromosome numbers and increased Cyclin E1 in response to diminished SKP1 or CUL1 expression. CONCLUSIONS These data identify SKP1 and CUL1 as novel CIN genes in HGSOC precursor cells that may drive early aetiological events contributing to HGSOC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloe Camille Lepage
- grid.21613.370000 0004 1936 9609Department of Biochemistry & Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba Canada ,grid.419404.c0000 0001 0701 0170Research Institute in Oncology & Hematology, CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba Canada
| | - Michaela Cora Lynn Palmer
- grid.21613.370000 0004 1936 9609Department of Biochemistry & Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba Canada ,grid.419404.c0000 0001 0701 0170Research Institute in Oncology & Hematology, CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba Canada
| | - Ally Catherina Farrell
- grid.21613.370000 0004 1936 9609Department of Biochemistry & Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba Canada ,grid.419404.c0000 0001 0701 0170Research Institute in Oncology & Hematology, CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba Canada
| | - Nicole Marie Neudorf
- grid.21613.370000 0004 1936 9609Department of Biochemistry & Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba Canada ,grid.419404.c0000 0001 0701 0170Research Institute in Oncology & Hematology, CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba Canada
| | - Zelda Lichtensztejn
- grid.419404.c0000 0001 0701 0170Research Institute in Oncology & Hematology, CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba Canada
| | - Mark William Nachtigal
- grid.21613.370000 0004 1936 9609Department of Biochemistry & Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba Canada ,grid.419404.c0000 0001 0701 0170Research Institute in Oncology & Hematology, CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba Canada ,grid.21613.370000 0004 1936 9609Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba Canada
| | - Kirk James McManus
- grid.21613.370000 0004 1936 9609Department of Biochemistry & Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba Canada ,grid.419404.c0000 0001 0701 0170Research Institute in Oncology & Hematology, CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba Canada
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32
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Mechanisms of High-Grade Serous Carcinogenesis in the Fallopian Tube and Ovary: Current Hypotheses, Etiologic Factors, and Molecular Alterations. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094409. [PMID: 33922503 PMCID: PMC8122889 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian high-grade serous carcinomas (HGSCs) are a heterogeneous group of diseases. They include fallopian-tube-epithelium (FTE)-derived and ovarian-surface-epithelium (OSE)-derived tumors. The risk/protective factors suggest that the etiology of HGSCs is multifactorial. Inflammation caused by ovulation and retrograde bleeding may play a major role. HGSCs are among the most genetically altered cancers, and TP53 mutations are ubiquitous. Key driving events other than TP53 mutations include homologous recombination (HR) deficiency, such as BRCA 1/2 dysfunction, and activation of the CCNE1 pathway. HR deficiency and the CCNE1 amplification appear to be mutually exclusive. Intratumor heterogeneity resulting from genomic instability can be observed at the early stage of tumorigenesis. In this review, I discuss current carcinogenic hypotheses, sites of origin, etiologic factors, and molecular alterations of HGSCs.
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Barger CJ, Chee L, Albahrani M, Munoz-Trujillo C, Boghean L, Branick C, Odunsi K, Drapkin R, Zou L, Karpf AR. Co-regulation and function of FOXM1/ RHNO1 bidirectional genes in cancer. eLife 2021; 10:e55070. [PMID: 33890574 PMCID: PMC8104967 DOI: 10.7554/elife.55070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The FOXM1 transcription factor is an oncoprotein and a top biomarker of poor prognosis in human cancer. Overexpression and activation of FOXM1 is frequent in high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC), the most common and lethal form of human ovarian cancer, and is linked to copy number gains at chromosome 12p13.33. We show that FOXM1 is co-amplified and co-expressed with RHNO1, a gene involved in the ATR-Chk1 signaling pathway that functions in the DNA replication stress response. We demonstrate that FOXM1 and RHNO1 are head-to-head (i.e., bidirectional) genes (BDG) regulated by a bidirectional promoter (BDP) (named F/R-BDP). FOXM1 and RHNO1 each promote oncogenic phenotypes in HGSC cells, including clonogenic growth, DNA homologous recombination repair, and poly-ADP ribosylase inhibitor resistance. FOXM1 and RHNO1 are one of the first examples of oncogenic BDG, and therapeutic targeting of FOXM1/RHNO1 BDG is a potential therapeutic approach for ovarian and other cancers.
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MESH Headings
- Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins/genetics
- Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins/metabolism
- Carboplatin/pharmacology
- Carrier Proteins/genetics
- Carrier Proteins/metabolism
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Proliferation
- Checkpoint Kinase 1/genetics
- Checkpoint Kinase 1/metabolism
- Databases, Genetic
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
- Female
- Forkhead Box Protein M1/genetics
- Forkhead Box Protein M1/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Neoplasms, Cystic, Mucinous, and Serous/drug therapy
- Neoplasms, Cystic, Mucinous, and Serous/genetics
- Neoplasms, Cystic, Mucinous, and Serous/metabolism
- Neoplasms, Cystic, Mucinous, and Serous/pathology
- Ovarian Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Ovarian Neoplasms/genetics
- Ovarian Neoplasms/metabolism
- Ovarian Neoplasms/pathology
- Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Promoter Regions, Genetic
- Recombinational DNA Repair
- Signal Transduction
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Affiliation(s)
- Carter J Barger
- Eppley Institute for Cancer Research and Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaUnited States
| | - Linda Chee
- Eppley Institute for Cancer Research and Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaUnited States
| | - Mustafa Albahrani
- Eppley Institute for Cancer Research and Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaUnited States
| | - Catalina Munoz-Trujillo
- Eppley Institute for Cancer Research and Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaUnited States
| | - Lidia Boghean
- Eppley Institute for Cancer Research and Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaUnited States
| | - Connor Branick
- Eppley Institute for Cancer Research and Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaUnited States
| | - Kunle Odunsi
- Departments of Gynecologic Oncology, Immunology, and Center for Immunotherapy, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer CenterBuffaloUnited States
| | - Ronny Drapkin
- Penn Ovarian Cancer Research Center, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of MedicinePhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Lee Zou
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical SchoolCharlestownUnited States
| | - Adam R Karpf
- Eppley Institute for Cancer Research and Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaUnited States
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Heremans R, Jan Z, Timmerman D, Vankelecom H. Organoids of the Female Reproductive Tract: Innovative Tools to Study Desired to Unwelcome Processes. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:661472. [PMID: 33959613 PMCID: PMC8093793 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.661472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The pelviperineal organs of the female reproductive tract form an essential cornerstone of human procreation. The system comprises the ectodermal external genitalia, the Müllerian upper-vaginal, cervical, endometrial and oviductal derivatives, and the endodermal ovaries. Each of these organs presents with a unique course of biological development as well as of malignant degeneration. For many decades, various preclinical in vitro models have been employed to study female reproductive organ (patho-)biology, however, facing important shortcomings of limited expandability, loss of representativeness and inadequate translatability to the clinic. The recent emergence of 3D organoid models has propelled the field forward by generating powerful research tools that in vitro replicate healthy as well as diseased human tissues and are amenable to state-of-the-art experimental interventions. Here, we in detail review organoid modeling of the different female reproductive organs from healthy and tumorigenic backgrounds, and project perspectives for both scientists and clinicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruben Heremans
- Laboratory of Tissue Plasticity in Health and Disease, Cluster of Stem Cell and Developmental Biology, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Leuven, Belgium
- Cluster Woman and Child, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospitals, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ziga Jan
- Laboratory of Tissue Plasticity in Health and Disease, Cluster of Stem Cell and Developmental Biology, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Leuven, Belgium
- Cluster Woman and Child, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Gynecology, Klinikum Klagenfurt, Klagenfurt, Austria
| | - Dirk Timmerman
- Cluster Woman and Child, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospitals, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hugo Vankelecom
- Laboratory of Tissue Plasticity in Health and Disease, Cluster of Stem Cell and Developmental Biology, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Leuven, Belgium
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Russo A, Colina JA, Moy J, Baligod S, Czarnecki AA, Varughese P, Lantvit DD, Dean MJ, Burdette JE. Silencing PTEN in the fallopian tube promotes enrichment of cancer stem cell-like function through loss of PAX2. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:375. [PMID: 33828085 PMCID: PMC8027874 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03663-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is the most lethal gynecological malignancy that is primarily detected at the metastatic stage. Most HGSOC originates from the fallopian tube epithelium (FTE) and metastasizes to the ovary before invading the peritoneum; therefore, it is crucial to study disease initiation and progression using FTE-derived models. We previously demonstrated that loss of PTEN from the FTE leads to ovarian cancer. In the present study, loss of PTEN in FTE led to the enrichment of cancer stem cell markers such as LGR5, WNT4, ALDH1, CD44. Interestingly, loss of the transcription factor PAX2, which is a common and early alteration in HGSOC, played a pivotal role in the expression of cancer stem-like cells (CSC) markers and cell function. In addition, loss of PTEN led to the generation of two distinct subpopulations of cells with different CSC marker expression, tumorigenicity, and chemoresistance profiles. Taken together, these data suggest that loss of PTEN induces reprogramming of the FTE cells into a more stem-like phenotype due to loss of PAX2 and provides a model to study early events during the FTE-driven ovarian cancer tumor formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Russo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA.
| | - Jose A Colina
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
| | - Junlone Moy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
| | - Seth Baligod
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
| | - Austin A Czarnecki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
| | - Peter Varughese
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
| | - Daniel D Lantvit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
| | - Matthew J Dean
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Joanna E Burdette
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
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36
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Dinh HQ, Lin X, Abbasi F, Nameki R, Haro M, Olingy CE, Chang H, Hernandez L, Gayther SA, Wright KN, Aspuria PJ, Karlan BY, Corona RI, Li A, Rimel BJ, Siedhoff MT, Medeiros F, Lawrenson K. Single-cell transcriptomics identifies gene expression networks driving differentiation and tumorigenesis in the human fallopian tube. Cell Rep 2021; 35:108978. [PMID: 33852846 PMCID: PMC10108902 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.108978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The human fallopian tube harbors the cell of origin for the majority of high-grade serous "ovarian" cancers (HGSCs), but its cellular composition, particularly the epithelial component, is poorly characterized. We perform single-cell transcriptomic profiling of around 53,000 individual cells from 12 primary fallopian specimens to map their major cell types. We identify 10 epithelial subpopulations with diverse transcriptional programs. Based on transcriptional signatures, we reconstruct a trajectory whereby secretory cells differentiate into ciliated cells via a RUNX3high intermediate. Computational deconvolution of advanced HGSCs identifies the "early secretory" population as a likely precursor state for the majority of HGSCs. Its signature comprises both epithelial and mesenchymal features and is enriched in mesenchymal-type HGSCs (p = 6.7 × 10-27), a group known to have particularly poor prognoses. This cellular and molecular compendium of the human fallopian tube in cancer-free women is expected to advance our understanding of the earliest stages of fallopian epithelial neoplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huy Q Dinh
- Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Xianzhi Lin
- Women's Cancer Research Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Forough Abbasi
- Women's Cancer Research Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Robbin Nameki
- Women's Cancer Research Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Marcela Haro
- Women's Cancer Research Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Claire E Olingy
- Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Heidi Chang
- Women's Cancer Research Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Lourdes Hernandez
- Women's Cancer Research Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Simon A Gayther
- Center for Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kelly N Wright
- Division of Minimally Invasive Gynecologic Surgery, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Paul-Joseph Aspuria
- Women's Cancer Research Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Beth Y Karlan
- Women's Cancer Research Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Rosario I Corona
- Women's Cancer Research Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Andrew Li
- Women's Cancer Research Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - B J Rimel
- Women's Cancer Research Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Matthew T Siedhoff
- Division of Minimally Invasive Gynecologic Surgery, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Fabiola Medeiros
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kate Lawrenson
- Women's Cancer Research Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Center for Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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37
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Mei J, Tian H, Huang HS, Hsu CF, Liou Y, Wu N, Zhang W, Chu TY. Cellular models of development of ovarian high-grade serous carcinoma: A review of cell of origin and mechanisms of carcinogenesis. Cell Prolif 2021; 54:e13029. [PMID: 33768671 PMCID: PMC8088460 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
High-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) is the most common and malignant histological type of epithelial ovarian cancer, the origin of which remains controversial. Currently, the secretory epithelial cells of the fallopian tube are regarded as the main origin and the ovarian surface epithelial cells as a minor origin. In tubal epithelium, these cells acquire TP53 mutations and expand to a morphologically normal 'p53 signature' lesion, transform to serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma and metastasize to the ovaries and peritoneum where they develop into HGSC. This shifting paradigm of the main cell of origin has revolutionarily changed the focus of HGSC research. Various cell lines have been derived from the two cellular origins by acquiring immortalization via overexpression of hTERT plus disruption of TP53 and the CDK4/RB pathway. Malignant transformation was achieved by adding canonical driver mutations (such as gain of CCNE1) revealed by The Cancer Genome Atlas or by noncanonical gain of YAP and miR181a. Alternatively, because of the extreme chromosomal instability, spontaneous transformation can be achieved by long passage of murine immortalized cells, whereas in humans, it requires ovulatory follicular fluid, containing regenerating growth factors to facilitate spontaneous transformation. These artificially and spontaneously transformed cell systems in both humans and mice have been widely used to discover carcinogens, oncogenic pathways and malignant behaviours in the development of HGSC. Here, we review the origin, aetiology and carcinogenic mechanism of HGSC and comprehensively summarize the cell models used to study this fatal cancer having multiple cells of origin and overt genomic instability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Mei
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, China
| | - Huixiang Tian
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hsuan-Shun Huang
- Center for Prevention and Therapy of Gynecological Cancers, Department of Research, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Che-Fang Hsu
- Center for Prevention and Therapy of Gynecological Cancers, Department of Research, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yuligh Liou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Nayiyuan Wu
- Hunan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, China
| | - Tang-Yuan Chu
- Center for Prevention and Therapy of Gynecological Cancers, Department of Research, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan, ROC.,Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan, ROC.,Department of Life Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan, ROC
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38
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Belur Nagaraj A, Knarr M, Sekhar S, Connor RS, Joseph P, Kovalenko O, Fleming A, Surti A, Nurmemmedov E, Beltrame L, Marchini S, Kahn M, DiFeo A. The miR-181a-SFRP4 Axis Regulates Wnt Activation to Drive Stemness and Platinum Resistance in Ovarian Cancer. Cancer Res 2021; 81:2044-2055. [PMID: 33574092 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-2041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Wnt signaling is a major driver of stemness and chemoresistance in ovarian cancer, yet the genetic drivers that stimulate its expression remain largely unknown. Unlike other cancers, mutations in the Wnt pathway are not reported in high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC). Hence, a key challenge that must be addressed to develop effective targeted therapies is to identify nonmutational drivers of Wnt activation. Using an miRNA sensor-based approach, we have identified miR-181a as a novel driver of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. miR-181ahigh primary HGSOC cells exhibited increased Wnt/β-catenin signaling, which was associated with increased stem-cell frequency and platinum resistance. Consistent with these findings, inhibition of β-catenin decreased stem-like properties in miR-181ahigh cell populations and downregulated miR-181a. The Wnt inhibitor SFRP4 was identified as a novel target of miR-181a. Overall, our results demonstrate that miR-181a is a nonmutational activator of Wnt signaling that drives stemness and chemoresistance in HGSOC, suggesting that the miR-181a-SFRP4 axis can be evaluated as a novel biomarker for β-catenin-targeted therapy in this disease. SIGNIFICANCE: These results demonstrate that miR-181a is an activator of Wnt signaling that drives stemness and chemoresistance in HGSOC and may be targeted therapeutically in recurrent disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Matthew Knarr
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Sreeja Sekhar
- Department of Pathology, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.,The Rogel Cancer Center, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - R Shae Connor
- University of Tennessee, Erlanger Health System, Chattanooga, Tennessee
| | - Peronne Joseph
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Olga Kovalenko
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Alexis Fleming
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Arshia Surti
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Elmar Nurmemmedov
- John Wayne Cancer Institute at Providence St. John's Health, Santa Monica, California
| | - Luca Beltrame
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri," IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Sergio Marchini
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri," IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Michael Kahn
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, California
| | - Analisa DiFeo
- Department of Pathology, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan. .,The Rogel Cancer Center, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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39
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Bungsy M, Palmer MCL, Jeusset LM, Neudorf NM, Lichtensztejn Z, Nachtigal MW, McManus KJ. Reduced RBX1 expression induces chromosome instability and promotes cellular transformation in high-grade serous ovarian cancer precursor cells. Cancer Lett 2020; 500:194-207. [PMID: 33290867 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.11.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Despite high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) being the most common and lethal gynecological cancer in women, the early etiological events driving disease development remain largely unknown. Emerging evidence now suggests that chromosome instability (CIN; ongoing changes in chromosome numbers) may play a central role in the development and progression of HGSOC. Importantly, genomic amplification of the Cyclin E1 gene (CCNE1) contributes to HGSOC pathogenesis in ~20% of patients, while Cyclin E1 overexpression induces CIN in model systems. Cyclin E1 levels are normally regulated by the SCF (SKP1-CUL1-FBOX) complex, an E3 ubiquitin ligase that includes RBX1 as a core component. Interestingly, RBX1 is heterozygously lost in ~80% of HGSOC cases and reduced expression corresponds with worse outcomes, suggesting it may be a pathogenic event. Using both short (siRNA) and long (CRISPR/Cas9) term approaches, we show that reduced RBX1 expression corresponds with significant increases in CIN phenotypes in fallopian tube secretory epithelial cells, a cellular precursor of HGSOC. Moreover, reduced RBX1 expression corresponds with increased Cyclin E1 levels and anchorage-independent growth. Collectively, these data identify RBX1 as a novel CIN gene with pathogenic implications for HGSOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manisha Bungsy
- Research Institute in Oncology & Hematology, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E 0V9, Canada; Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E 0V9, Canada
| | - Michaela C L Palmer
- Research Institute in Oncology & Hematology, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E 0V9, Canada; Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E 0V9, Canada
| | - Lucile M Jeusset
- Research Institute in Oncology & Hematology, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E 0V9, Canada; Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E 0V9, Canada
| | - Nicole M Neudorf
- Research Institute in Oncology & Hematology, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E 0V9, Canada; Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E 0V9, Canada
| | - Zelda Lichtensztejn
- Research Institute in Oncology & Hematology, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E 0V9, Canada; Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E 0V9, Canada
| | - Mark W Nachtigal
- Research Institute in Oncology & Hematology, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E 0V9, Canada; Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E 0V9, Canada; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Kirk J McManus
- Research Institute in Oncology & Hematology, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E 0V9, Canada; Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E 0V9, Canada.
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40
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Iyer S, Zhang S, Yucel S, Horn H, Smith SG, Reinhardt F, Hoefsmit E, Assatova B, Casado J, Meinsohn MC, Barrasa MI, Bell GW, Pérez-Villatoro F, Huhtinen K, Hynninen J, Oikkonen J, Galhenage PM, Pathania S, Hammond PT, Neel BG, Farkkila A, Pépin D, Weinberg RA. Genetically Defined Syngeneic Mouse Models of Ovarian Cancer as Tools for the Discovery of Combination Immunotherapy. Cancer Discov 2020; 11:384-407. [PMID: 33158843 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-20-0818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Despite advances in immuno-oncology, the relationship between tumor genotypes and response to immunotherapy remains poorly understood, particularly in high-grade serous tubo-ovarian carcinomas (HGSC). We developed a series of mouse models that carry genotypes of human HGSCs and grow in syngeneic immunocompetent hosts to address this gap. We transformed murine-fallopian tube epithelial cells to phenocopy homologous recombination-deficient tumors through a combined loss of Trp53, Brca1, Pten, and Nf1 and overexpression of Myc and Trp53 R172H, which was contrasted with an identical model carrying wild-type Brca1. For homologous recombination-proficient tumors, we constructed genotypes combining loss of Trp53 and overexpression of Ccne1, Akt2, and Trp53 R172H, and driven by KRAS G12V or Brd4 or Smarca4 overexpression. These lines form tumors recapitulating human disease, including genotype-driven responses to treatment, and enabled us to identify follistatin as a driver of resistance to checkpoint inhibitors. These data provide proof of concept that our models can identify new immunotherapy targets in HGSC. SIGNIFICANCE: We engineered a panel of murine fallopian tube epithelial cells bearing mutations typical of HGSC and capable of forming tumors in syngeneic immunocompetent hosts. These models recapitulate tumor microenvironments and drug responses characteristic of human disease. In a Ccne1-overexpressing model, immune-checkpoint resistance was driven by follistatin.This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 211.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Iyer
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Shuang Zhang
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU-Langone Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Simge Yucel
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Heiko Horn
- Stanley Center, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts.,Pediatric Surgical Research Laboratories, Massachusetts General Hospital; Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sean G Smith
- Marble Center for Cancer Nanomedicine, Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Ferenc Reinhardt
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Esmee Hoefsmit
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | | | - Julia Casado
- Research Program in Systems Oncology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marie-Charlotte Meinsohn
- Pediatric Surgical Research Laboratories, Massachusetts General Hospital; Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - George W Bell
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Fernando Pérez-Villatoro
- Research Program in Systems Oncology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kaisa Huhtinen
- Institute of Biomedicine and FICAN West Cancer Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Johanna Hynninen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Jaana Oikkonen
- Research Program in Systems Oncology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pamoda M Galhenage
- Center for Personalized Cancer Therapy, University of Massachusetts, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Shailja Pathania
- Center for Personalized Cancer Therapy, University of Massachusetts, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Paula T Hammond
- Marble Center for Cancer Nanomedicine, Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Benjamin G Neel
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU-Langone Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Anniina Farkkila
- Research Program in Systems Oncology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - David Pépin
- Pediatric Surgical Research Laboratories, Massachusetts General Hospital; Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - Robert A Weinberg
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts. .,Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts.,Massachusetts Institute of Technology Ludwig Center for Molecular Oncology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
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Nameki R, Chang H, Reddy J, Corona RI, Lawrenson K. Transcription factors in epithelial ovarian cancer: histotype-specific drivers and novel therapeutic targets. Pharmacol Ther 2020; 220:107722. [PMID: 33137377 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Transcription factors (TFs) are major contributors to cancer risk and somatic development. In preclinical and clinical studies, direct or indirect inhibition of TF-mediated oncogenic gene expression profiles have proven to be effective in many tumor types, highlighting this group of proteins as valuable therapeutic targets. In spite of this, our understanding of TFs in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is relatively limited. EOC is a heterogeneous disease composed of five major histologic subtypes; high-grade serous, low-grade serous, endometrioid, clear cell and mucinous. Each histology is associated with unique clinical etiologies, sensitivity to therapies, and molecular signatures - including diverse transcriptional regulatory programs. While some TFs are shared across EOC subtypes, a set of TFs are expressed in a histotype-specific manner and likely explain part of the histologic diversity of EOC subtypes. Targeting TFs present with unique opportunities for development of novel precision medicine strategies for ovarian cancer. This article reviews the critical TFs in EOC subtypes and highlights the potential of exploiting TFs as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robbin Nameki
- Women's Cancer Research Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Heidi Chang
- Women's Cancer Research Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jessica Reddy
- Women's Cancer Research Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Rosario I Corona
- Women's Cancer Research Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kate Lawrenson
- Women's Cancer Research Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Center for Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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Hanley GE, Kwon JS, McAlpine JN, Huntsman DG, Finlayson SJ, Miller D. Examining indicators of early menopause following opportunistic salpingectomy: a cohort study from British Columbia, Canada. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2020; 223:221.e1-221.e11. [PMID: 32067967 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2020.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The fallopian tube may often be the site of origin for the most common and lethal form of ovarian cancer, high-grade serous ovarian cancer. As a result, many colleges of obstetrics and gynecology, which include the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, are recommending surgical removal of the fallopian tube (bilateral salpingectomy) at the time of other gynecologic surgeries (particularly hysterectomy and tubal sterilization) in women at general population risk for ovarian cancer, collectively referred to as opportunistic salpingectomy. Previous research has illustrated no increased risk of complications after opportunistic salpingectomy. However, most studies that have examined potential hormonal consequences of opportunistic salpingectomy have had limited follow-up time and have focused on surrogate hormonal markers. OBJECTIVE We examine whether there are differences in physician visits for menopause and filling a prescription for hormone replacement therapy among women who undergo opportunistic salpingectomy in the population of British Columbia, Canada. STUDY DESIGN We identified all women who were ≤50 years old in British Columbia who underwent opportunistic salpingectomy from 2008-2014. We compared women who underwent opportunistic salpingectomy at hysterectomy with women who underwent hysterectomy alone and women who underwent opportunistic salpingectomy for sterilization with women who underwent tubal ligation. We used Cox Proportional hazards models to model time to physician visits for menopause and for filling a prescription for hormone replacement therapy. We calculated adjusted hazards ratios for these outcomes and adjusted for other gynecologic conditions, surgical approach, and patient age. We performed an age-stratified analysis (<40, 40-44, 45-49 years) and conducted a sensitivity analysis that included only women with ≥5 years of follow up. RESULTS We included 41,413 women in the study. There were 6861 women who underwent hysterectomy alone, 6500 who underwent hysterectomy with opportunistic salpingectomy, 4479 who underwent hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, 18,621 who underwent tubal ligation, and 4952 who underwent opportunistic salpingectomy for sterilization. In women who underwent opportunistic salpingectomy, there was no difference in time to the first physician visit related to menopause for both women who underwent hysterectomy with opportunistic salpingectomy (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.98; 95% confidence interval, 0.88-1.09) and women who underwent opportunistic salpingectomy for sterilization (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.92; 95% confidence interval, 0.77-1.10). There was also no difference in time to filling a prescription for hormone replacement therapy for women who underwent hysterectomy with opportunistic salpingectomy or opportunistic salpingectomy for sterilization (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.82; 95% confidence interval, 0.72-0.92; and adjusted hazard ratio, 1.00; 95% confidence interval, 0.89-1.12; respectively). In contrast, we report significantly increase hazards for time to physician visit for menopause (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.95; 95% confidence interval, 1.78, 2.13) and filling a prescription for hormone replacement therapy (adjusted hazard ratio, 3.80; 95% confidence interval, 3.45, 4.18) among women who underwent hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. There were no increased hazards for physician visits for menopause or initiation of hormone replacement therapy among women who underwent opportunistic salpingectomy in any of the age-stratified analyses, nor among women with at least 5 years of follow up. CONCLUSION Our results reveal no indication of an earlier age of onset of menopause among the population of women who underwent hysterectomy with opportunistic salpingectomy and opportunistic salpingectomy for sterilization as measured by physician visits for menopause and initiation of hormone replacement therapy. Our findings are reassuring, given that earlier age at menopause is associated with increased mortality rates, particularly from cardiovascular disease.
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Knarr M, Avelar RA, Sekhar SC, Kwiatkowski LJ, Dziubinski ML, McAnulty J, Skala S, Avril S, Drapkin R, DiFeo A. miR-181a initiates and perpetuates oncogenic transformation through the regulation of innate immune signaling. Nat Commun 2020; 11:3231. [PMID: 32591511 PMCID: PMC7320168 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17030-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Genomic instability (GI) predisposes cells to malignant transformation, however the molecular mechanisms that allow for the propagation of cells with a high degree of genomic instability remain unclear. Here we report that miR-181a is able to transform fallopian tube secretory epithelial cells through the inhibition of RB1 and stimulator-of-interferon-genes (STING) to propagate cells with a high degree of GI. MiR-181a targeting of RB1 leads to profound nuclear defects and GI generating aberrant cytoplasmic DNA, however simultaneous miR-181a mediated inhibition of STING allows cells to bypass interferon mediated cell death. We also found that high miR-181a is associated with decreased IFNγ response and lymphocyte infiltration in patient tumors. DNA oncoviruses are the only known inhibitors of STING that allow for cellular transformation, thus, our findings are the first to identify a miRNA that can downregulate STING expression to suppress activation of intrinsic interferon signaling. This study introduces miR-181a as a putative biomarker and identifies the miR-181a-STING axis as a promising target for therapeutic exploitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Knarr
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.,Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.,Department of Pathology, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Rita A Avelar
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.,Department of Pathology, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.,The Rogel Cancer Center, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Sreeja C Sekhar
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.,Department of Pathology, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.,The Rogel Cancer Center, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Lily J Kwiatkowski
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Michele L Dziubinski
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.,Department of Pathology, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.,The Rogel Cancer Center, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Jessica McAnulty
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.,Department of Pathology, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.,The Rogel Cancer Center, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Stephanie Skala
- Department of Pathology, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Stefanie Avril
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.,Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Ronny Drapkin
- Penn Ovarian Cancer Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania, PA, USA
| | - Analisa DiFeo
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA. .,Department of Pathology, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA. .,The Rogel Cancer Center, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
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44
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Gutkin DW, Shurin MR, El Azher MA, Shurin GV, Velikokhatnaya L, Prosser D, Shin N, Modugno F, Stemmer P, Elishaev E, Lokshin A. Novel protein and immune response markers of human serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma of the ovary. Cancer Biomark 2020; 26:471-479. [PMID: 31658047 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-190528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of death among gynecologic diseases in the USA and Europe. High-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) of the ovary, the most aggressive type of ovarian cancer, is typically diagnosed at advanced stages when the 5-year survival is dismal. Since the cure rate for stage I HGSC is high, early detection of localized initial disease may improve patient outcomes. Serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma (STIC) is considered to be a precursor lesion of HGSC. Discovery of biomarkers associated with STIC could aid in the development of an HGSC screening algorithm. Using immunohistochemical staining, we have demonstrated overexpression of UCHL1, ADAMTS13, and GAPDH in patients' STIC lesions, but not in cancer-free fallopian tubes. We additionally demonstrated a marked increase of T cells in perineoplastic stroma surrounding STIC lesions (largely CD4 + cells), but not in normal fallopian tubes and HGSC. FOXP3 + T regulatory cells are absent in STIC lesions but are present in HGSC. These observations indicate the microenvironment surrounding a STIC lesion may be immune promoting in contrast to the immune suppressive microenvironment of invasive carcinoma. In summary, we have identified UCHL1, ADAMTS13, and GAPDH as novel potentially useful markers associated with early stages of HGSC tumorigenesis and possibly contribute to STIC immunogenicity. The lack of immune suppression in the STIC microenvironment indicates that the immune system can still recognize and keep STIC controlled at this stage of the tumor development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitriy W Gutkin
- Departments of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center and University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Michael R Shurin
- Departments of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center and University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Departments of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center and University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Mounia Alaoui El Azher
- Departments of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center and University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Galina V Shurin
- Departments of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center and University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Liudmila Velikokhatnaya
- Departments of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center and University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Denise Prosser
- Departments of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center and University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Namhee Shin
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Francesmary Modugno
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center and University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Paul Stemmer
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Esther Elishaev
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center and University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Anna Lokshin
- Departments of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center and University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Departments of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center and University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center and University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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45
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Integrative Transcriptome Analyses of the Human Fallopian Tube: Fimbria and Ampulla-Site of Origin of Serous Carcinoma of the Ovary. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12051090. [PMID: 32349388 PMCID: PMC7281286 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12051090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer represents a group of heterogeneous diseases with high grade serous cancer (HGSC) representing the most common histotype. Molecular profiles of precancerous lesions found in the fallopian tube have implicated this tissue as the presumptive site of origin of HGSC. Precancerous lesions are primarily found in the distal fallopian tube (fimbria), near the ovary relative to the proximal tissue (ampulla), nearer to the uterus. The proximity of the fimbria to the ovary and the link between ovulation, through follicular fluid release, and ovarian cancer risk led us to examine transcriptional responses of fallopian tube epithelia (FTE) at the different anatomical sites of the human fallopian tube. Gene expression profiles of matched FTE from the fimbria and from premenopausal women resulted in differentially expressed genes (DEGs): CYYR1, SALL1, FOXP2, TAAR1, AKR1C2/C3/C4, NMBR, ME1 and GSTA2. These genes are part of the antioxidant, stem and inflammation pathways. Comparisons between the luteal phase (post-ovulation) to the follicular phase (pre-ovulation) demonstrated greater differences in DEGs than a comparison between fimbria and fallopian tube anatomical differences alone. This data suggests that cyclical transcriptional changes experienced in pre-menopause are inherent physiological triggers that expose the FTE in the fimbria to cytotoxic stressors. These cyclical exposures induce transcriptional changes reflective of genotoxic and cytotoxic damage to the FTE in the fimbria which are closely related to transcriptional and genomic alterations observed in ovarian cancer.
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46
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Ovarian Cancer, Cancer Stem Cells and Current Treatment Strategies: A Potential Role of Magmas in the Current Treatment Methods. Cells 2020; 9:cells9030719. [PMID: 32183385 PMCID: PMC7140629 DOI: 10.3390/cells9030719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Revised: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) constitutes 90% of ovarian cancers (OC) and is the eighth most common cause of cancer-related death in women. The cancer histologically and genetically is very complex having a high degree of tumour heterogeneity. The pathogenic variability in OC causes significant impediments in effectively treating patients, resulting in a dismal prognosis. Disease progression is predominantly influenced by the peritoneal tumour microenvironment rather than properties of the tumor and is the major contributor to prognosis. Standard treatment of OC patients consists of debulking surgery, followed by chemotherapy, which in most cases end in recurrent chemoresistant disease. This review discusses the different origins of high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC), the major sub-type of EOC. Tumour heterogeneity, genetic/epigenetic changes, and cancer stem cells (CSC) in facilitating HGSOC progression and their contribution in the circumvention of therapy treatments are included. Several new treatment strategies are discussed including our preliminary proof of concept study describing the role of mitochondria-associated granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor signaling protein (Magmas) in HGSOC and its unique potential role in chemotherapy-resistant disease.
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47
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Belur Nagaraj A, Joseph P, Ponting E, Fedorov Y, Singh S, Cole A, Lee W, Yoon E, Baccarini A, Scacheri P, Buckanovich R, Adams DJ, Drapkin R, Brown BD, DiFeo A. A miRNA-Mediated Approach to Dissect the Complexity of Tumor-Initiating Cell Function and Identify miRNA-Targeting Drugs. Stem Cell Reports 2020; 12:122-134. [PMID: 30629937 PMCID: PMC6335585 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2018.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor-initiating cells (TICs) contribute to drug resistance and tumor recurrence in cancers, thus experimental approaches to dissect the complexity of TICs are required to design successful TIC therapeutic strategies. Here, we show that miRNA-3' UTR sensor vectors can be used as a pathway-based method to identify, enrich, and analyze TICs from primary solid tumor patient samples. We have found that an miR-181ahigh subpopulation of cells sorted from primary ovarian tumor cells exhibited TIC properties in vivo, were enriched in response to continuous cisplatin treatment, and showed activation of numerous major stem cell regulatory pathways. This miRNA-sensor-based platform enabled high-throughput drug screening leading to identification of BET inhibitors as transcriptional inhibitors of miR-181a. Taken together, we provide a valuable miRNA-sensor-based approach to broaden the understanding of complex TIC regulatory mechanisms in cancers and to identify miRNA-targeting drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Belur Nagaraj
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Peronne Joseph
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Erin Ponting
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Yuriy Fedorov
- Small Molecules Drug Development Core Facility, Office of Research Administration, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Salendra Singh
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Alex Cole
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Center for Wireless Integrated MicroSensing and Systems (WIMS2), The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Woncheol Lee
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Center for Wireless Integrated MicroSensing and Systems (WIMS2), The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Euisik Yoon
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Center for Wireless Integrated MicroSensing and Systems (WIMS2), The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Alessia Baccarini
- Department of Genetics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Peter Scacheri
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Ronald Buckanovich
- Department of Medicine, Magee Women's Cancer Research Center, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Drew J Adams
- Small Molecules Drug Development Core Facility, Office of Research Administration, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Ronny Drapkin
- Penn Ovarian Cancer Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania, PA, USA
| | - Brian D Brown
- Department of Genetics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Analisa DiFeo
- Rogel Cancer Center, The University of Michigan, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Michigan, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Pathology, The University of Michigan, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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48
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Hoffmann K, Berger H, Kulbe H, Thillainadarasan S, Mollenkopf HJ, Zemojtel T, Taube E, Darb-Esfahani S, Mangler M, Sehouli J, Chekerov R, Braicu EI, Meyer TF, Kessler M. Stable expansion of high-grade serous ovarian cancer organoids requires a low-Wnt environment. EMBO J 2020; 39:e104013. [PMID: 32009247 PMCID: PMC7073464 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2019104013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
High‐grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) likely originates from the fallopian tube (FT) epithelium. Here, we established 15 organoid lines from HGSOC primary tumor deposits that closely match the mutational profile and phenotype of the parental tumor. We found that Wnt pathway activation leads to growth arrest of these cancer organoids. Moreover, active BMP signaling is almost always required for the generation of HGSOC organoids, while healthy fallopian tube organoids depend on BMP suppression by Noggin. Fallopian tube organoids modified by stable shRNA knockdown of p53, PTEN, and retinoblastoma protein (RB) also require a low‐Wnt environment for long‐term growth, while fallopian tube organoid medium triggers growth arrest. Thus, early changes in the stem cell niche environment are needed to support outgrowth of these genetically altered cells. Indeed, comparative analysis of gene expression pattern and phenotypes of normal vs. loss‐of‐function organoids confirmed that depletion of tumor suppressors triggers changes in the regulation of stemness and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Hoffmann
- Department of Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hilmar Berger
- Department of Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hagen Kulbe
- Department of Gynecology, Charité University Medicine, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Hans-Joachim Mollenkopf
- Department of Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tomasz Zemojtel
- BIH Genomics Core Unit, Charité University Medicine, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
| | - Eliane Taube
- Department of Pathology, Charité University Medicine, Campus Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Silvia Darb-Esfahani
- Department of Pathology, Charité University Medicine, Campus Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mandy Mangler
- Department of Gynecology, Vivantes Auguste-Viktoria-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jalid Sehouli
- Department of Gynecology, Charité University Medicine, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
| | - Radoslav Chekerov
- Department of Gynecology, Charité University Medicine, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
| | - Elena I Braicu
- Department of Gynecology, Charité University Medicine, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas F Meyer
- Department of Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mirjana Kessler
- Department of Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany
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49
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de Almeida Monteiro Melo Ferraz M, Nagashima JB, Venzac B, Le Gac S, Songsasen N. A dog oviduct-on-a-chip model of serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma. Sci Rep 2020; 10:1575. [PMID: 32005926 PMCID: PMC6994655 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-58507-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the fifth cause of cancer-related mortality in women, with an expected 5-year survival rate of only 47%. High-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC), an epithelial cancer phenotype, is the most common malignant ovarian cancer. It is known that the precursors of HGSC originate from secretory epithelial cells within the Fallopian tube, which first develops as serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma (STIC). Here, we used gene editing by CRISPR-Cas9 to knock out the oncogene p53 in dog oviductal epithelia cultured in a dynamic microfluidic chip to create an in vitro model that recapitulated human STIC. Similar to human STIC, the gene-edited oviduct-on-a-chip, exhibited loss of cell polarization and had reduced ciliation, increased cell atypia and proliferation, with multilayered epithelium, increased Ki67, PAX8 and Myc and decreased PTEN and RB1 mRNA expression. This study provides a biomimetic in vitro model to study STIC progression and to identify potential biomarkers for early detection of HGSC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jennifer Beth Nagashima
- Center for Species Survival, Smithsonian National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, 1500 Remount Road, Front Royal, Virginia, 22630, USA
| | - Bastien Venzac
- Applied Microfluidics for Bioengineering Research, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology and TechMed Center, University of Twente, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Séverine Le Gac
- Applied Microfluidics for Bioengineering Research, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology and TechMed Center, University of Twente, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Nucharin Songsasen
- Center for Species Survival, Smithsonian National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, 1500 Remount Road, Front Royal, Virginia, 22630, USA
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50
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Chen S, Schoen J. Air-liquid interface cell culture: From airway epithelium to the female reproductive tract. Reprod Domest Anim 2020; 54 Suppl 3:38-45. [PMID: 31512315 DOI: 10.1111/rda.13481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The air-liquid interface (ALI) approach is primarily used to mimic respiratory tract epithelia in vitro. It is also known to support excellent differentiation of 3D multilayered skin models. To establish an ALI culture, epithelial cells are seeded into compartmentalized culture systems on porous filter supports or gel substrata. After an initial propagation period, the culture medium is removed from the apical side of the epithelium, exposing the cells to the surrounding air. Therefore, nutritive supply to the cells is warranted only by the basolateral cell pole. Under these conditions, the epithelial cells differentiate and regain full baso-apical polarity. Some types of epithelia even generate in vivo-like apical fluid or mucus. Interestingly, the ALI culture approach has also been shown to support morphological and functional differentiation of epithelial cells that are not normally exposed to ambient air in vivo. This review aims at giving a brief overview on the characteristics of ALI cultures in general and ALI models of female reproductive tract epithelia in particular. We discuss the applicability of ALI models for the investigation of the early embryonic microenvironment and for its implications in assisted reproductive technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Chen
- Institute of Reproductive Biology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Jennifer Schoen
- Institute of Reproductive Biology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany
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