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López-Valverde L, Vázquez-Mosquera ME, Colón-Mejeras C, Bravo SB, Barbosa-Gouveia S, Álvarez JV, Sánchez-Martínez R, López-Mendoza M, López-Rodríguez M, Villacorta-Argüelles E, Goicoechea-Diezhandino MA, Guerrero-Márquez FJ, Ortolano S, Leao-Teles E, Hermida-Ameijeiras Á, Couce ML. Characterization of the plasma proteomic profile of Fabry disease: Potential sex- and clinical phenotype-specific biomarkers. Transl Res 2024; 269:47-63. [PMID: 38395389 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2024.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Fabry disease (FD) is a X-linked rare lysosomal storage disorder caused by deficient α-galactosidase A (α-GalA) activity. Early diagnosis and the prediction of disease course are complicated by the clinical heterogeneity of FD, as well as by the frequently inconclusive biochemical and genetic test results that do not correlate with clinical course. We sought to identify potential biomarkers of FD to better understand the underlying pathophysiology and clinical phenotypes. We compared the plasma proteomes of 50 FD patients and 50 matched healthy controls using DDA and SWATH-MS. The >30 proteins that were differentially expressed between the 2 groups included proteins implicated in processes such as inflammation, heme and haemoglobin metabolism, oxidative stress, coagulation, complement cascade, glucose and lipid metabolism, and glycocalyx formation. Stratification by sex revealed that certain proteins were differentially expressed in a sex-dependent manner. Apolipoprotein A-IV was upregulated in FD patients with complications, especially those with chronic kidney disease, and apolipoprotein C-III and fetuin-A were identified as possible markers of FD with left ventricular hypertrophy. All these proteins had a greater capacity to identify the presence of complications in FD patients than lyso-GB3, with apolipoprotein A-IV standing out as being more sensitive and effective in differentiating the presence and absence of chronic kidney disease in FD patients than renal markers such as creatinine, glomerular filtration rate and microalbuminuria. Identification of these potential biomarkers can help further our understanding of the pathophysiological processes that underlie the heterogeneous clinical manifestations associated with FD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura López-Valverde
- Unit of Diagnosis and Treatment of Congenital Metabolic Diseases. RICORS-SAMID, CIBERER. University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Choupana s/n, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña 15706, Spain; Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Choupana s/n, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña 15706, Spain
| | - María E Vázquez-Mosquera
- Unit of Diagnosis and Treatment of Congenital Metabolic Diseases. RICORS-SAMID, CIBERER. University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Choupana s/n, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña 15706, Spain; Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Choupana s/n, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña 15706, Spain
| | - Cristóbal Colón-Mejeras
- Unit of Diagnosis and Treatment of Congenital Metabolic Diseases. RICORS-SAMID, CIBERER. University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Choupana s/n, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña 15706, Spain; Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Choupana s/n, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña 15706, Spain
| | - Susana B Bravo
- Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Choupana s/n, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña 15706, Spain; Proteomic Platform, University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Choupana s/n, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña 15706, Spain
| | - Sofía Barbosa-Gouveia
- Unit of Diagnosis and Treatment of Congenital Metabolic Diseases. RICORS-SAMID, CIBERER. University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Choupana s/n, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña 15706, Spain; Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Choupana s/n, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña 15706, Spain
| | - J Víctor Álvarez
- Unit of Diagnosis and Treatment of Congenital Metabolic Diseases. RICORS-SAMID, CIBERER. University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Choupana s/n, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña 15706, Spain; Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Choupana s/n, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña 15706, Spain
| | - Rosario Sánchez-Martínez
- Internal Medicine Department, Alicante General University Hospital-Alicante Institute of Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), Pintor Baeza 12, Alicante 03010, Spain
| | - Manuel López-Mendoza
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Manuel Siurot s/n, Sevilla 41013, Spain
| | - Mónica López-Rodríguez
- Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, Colmenar Viejo, Madrid 28034, Spain; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad de Alcalá (UAH), Av. de Madrid, Alcalá de Henares 28871, Spain
| | - Eduardo Villacorta-Argüelles
- Department of Cardiology, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Salamanca, P°. de San Vicente 58, Salamanca 37007, Spain
| | | | - Francisco J Guerrero-Márquez
- Department of Cardiology, Internal Medicine Service, Hospital de la Serranía, San Pedro, Ronda, Málaga 29400, Spain
| | - Saida Ortolano
- Rare Diseases and Pediatric Medicine Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute-SERGAS-UVIGO, Clara Campoamor 341, Vigo 36213, Spain
| | - Elisa Leao-Teles
- Centro de Referência de Doenças Hereditárias do Metabolismo, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto 4200-319, Portugal
| | - Álvaro Hermida-Ameijeiras
- Unit of Diagnosis and Treatment of Congenital Metabolic Diseases. RICORS-SAMID, CIBERER. University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Choupana s/n, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña 15706, Spain; Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Choupana s/n, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña 15706, Spain.
| | - María L Couce
- Unit of Diagnosis and Treatment of Congenital Metabolic Diseases. RICORS-SAMID, CIBERER. University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Choupana s/n, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña 15706, Spain; Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Choupana s/n, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña 15706, Spain.
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2
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Gong Y, Yu D, Cui J, Song Z, Tang Q, Liao X, Xin N, Gao F. Label-free SERS detection of apolipoprotein A4 based on DNAzyme-driven molecular machine. Talanta 2024; 266:125131. [PMID: 37651915 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Apolipoprotein A4 has a wide range of synaptic toxicity and can be used as a reliable molecular biomarker for the detection of depressive disorder. It has certain clinical requirements for simple, rapid and selective detection of apolipoprotein A4. Here, based on the DNA biped walker driven by DNAzyme, we designed a label-free surface-enhanced Raman scatting sensor for rapid detection of apolipoprotein A4. Compared with the typical DNA walker, the biped DNA walker has the advantages of large walking range and high magnification efficiency. The magnesium-dependent DNAzyme drives the DNA walker, which can cut the MBs sequentially. The resulting MBs fragments were then hybridized with AuNPs modified by repetitive adenine to make Au NPs proliferate on the substrate surface, resulting in a large number of cycles. Using 736 cm-1 adenine as the internal marker, surface enhanced Raman scattering analysis showed that the linear detection range of human apolipoprotein A4 was 10∼1000 ng mL-1, the detection limit was 4.7 pg/mL, and it had significant specificity, which could meet the needs of clinical detection and showed great application potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanxun Gong
- The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi, 533000, China
| | - Dehong Yu
- The Affiliated Pizhou Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, 221399, China
| | - Jiuying Cui
- West Guangxi Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of High-incidence Diseases, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi, 533000, China
| | - Zichun Song
- West Guangxi Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of High-incidence Diseases, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi, 533000, China
| | - Qianli Tang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi, 533000, China
| | - Xianjiu Liao
- West Guangxi Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of High-incidence Diseases, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi, 533000, China.
| | - Ning Xin
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 221004, Xuzhou, China.
| | - Fenglei Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, 221004, Xuzhou, China.
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3
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Wang F, Ko CW, Qu J, Wu D, Zhu Q, Liu M, Tso P. Apolipoprotein A-IV-Deficient Mice in 129/SvJ Background Are Susceptible to Obesity and Glucose Intolerance. Nutrients 2023; 15:4840. [PMID: 38004234 PMCID: PMC10674380 DOI: 10.3390/nu15224840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Apolipoprotein A-IV (apoA-IV), synthesized by enterocytes, is potentially involved in regulating lipid absorption and metabolism, food intake, and glucose metabolism. In this study, we backcrossed apoA-IV knockout (apoA-IV-/-) mice onto the 129/SvJ background for eight generations. Compared to the wild-type (WT) mice, the 129/SvJ apoA-IV-/- mice gained more weight and exhibited delayed glucose clearance even on the chow diet. During a 16-week high-fat diet (20% by weight of fat) study, apoA-IV-/- mice were more obese than the WT mice, which was associated with their increased food intake as well as reduced energy expenditure and physical activity. In addition, apoA-IV-/- mice developed significant insulin resistance (indicated by HOMA-IR) with severe glucose intolerance even though their insulin levels were drastically higher than the WT mice. In conclusion, we have established a model of apoA-IV-/- mice onto the 129/SvJ background. Unlike in the C57BL/6J strain, apoA-IV-/- 129/SvJ mice become significantly more obese and insulin-resistant than WT mice. Our current investigations of apoA-IV in the 129/SvJ strain and our previous studies in the C57BL/6J strain underline the impact of genetic background on apoA-IV metabolic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wang
- Norton Healthcare, 4910 Chamberlain Lane, Louisville, KY 40202, USA;
| | - Chih-Wei Ko
- Chroma Medicine, 201 Brookine Ave, Suite 1101, Boston, MA 02215, USA;
| | - Jie Qu
- Medpace Reference Laboratories, LLC., 5365 Medpace Way, Cincinnati, OH 45227, USA;
| | - Dong Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China;
| | - Qi Zhu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Metabolic Diseases Institute, University of Cincinnati, 2180 E Galbraith Road, Cincinnati, OH 45237, USA; (Q.Z.); (M.L.)
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Metabolic Diseases Institute, University of Cincinnati, 2180 E Galbraith Road, Cincinnati, OH 45237, USA; (Q.Z.); (M.L.)
| | - Patrick Tso
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Metabolic Diseases Institute, University of Cincinnati, 2180 E Galbraith Road, Cincinnati, OH 45237, USA; (Q.Z.); (M.L.)
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Qu J, Wu D, Ko CW, Zhu Q, Liu M, Tso P. Deficiency of apoA-IV in Female 129X1/SvJ Mice Leads to Diet-Induced Obesity, Insulin Resistance, and Decreased Energy Expenditure. Nutrients 2023; 15:4655. [PMID: 37960308 PMCID: PMC10650794 DOI: 10.3390/nu15214655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is one of the main risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, type II diabetes, hypertension, and certain cancers. Obesity in women at the reproductive stage adversely affects contraception, fertility, maternal well-being, and the health of their offspring. Being a major protein component in chylomicrons and high-density lipoproteins, apolipoprotein A-IV (apoA-IV) is involved in lipid metabolism, food intake, glucose homeostasis, prevention against atherosclerosis, and platelet aggregation. The goal of the present study is to determine the impact of apoA-IV deficiency on metabolic functions in 129X1/SvJ female mouse strain. After chronic high-fat diet feeding, apoA-IV-/- mice gained more weight with a higher fat percentage than wild-type (WT) mice, as determined by measuring their body composition. Increased adiposity and adipose cell size were also observed with a microscope, particularly in periovarian fat pads. Based on plasma lipid and adipokine assays, we found that obesity in apoA-IV-/- mice was not associated with hyperlipidemia but with higher leptin levels. Compared to WT mice, apoA-IV deficiency displayed glucose intolerance and elevated insulin levels, according to the data of the glucose tolerance test, and increased HOMA-IR values at fasting, suggesting possible insulin resistance. Lastly, we found obesity in apoA-IV-/- mice resulting from reduced energy expenditure but not food intake. Together, we established a novel and excellent female mouse model for future mechanistic study of obesity and its associated comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Qu
- Medpace Reference Laboratories, LLC, 5365 Medpace Way, Cincinnati, OH 45227, USA;
| | - Dong Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China;
| | - Chih-Wei Ko
- Chroma Medicine, 201 Brookline Ave, Suite 1101, Boston, MA 02215, USA;
| | - Qi Zhu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Metabolic Diseases Institute, University of Cincinnati, 2180 E Galbraith Road, Cincinnati, OH 45237, USA; (Q.Z.); (M.L.)
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Metabolic Diseases Institute, University of Cincinnati, 2180 E Galbraith Road, Cincinnati, OH 45237, USA; (Q.Z.); (M.L.)
| | - Patrick Tso
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Metabolic Diseases Institute, University of Cincinnati, 2180 E Galbraith Road, Cincinnati, OH 45237, USA; (Q.Z.); (M.L.)
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Cao Z, Zhang Q, Zhou Z, Xu S, Pan B, Zhang S, Zhang G, Zhi Z, Shi Y, Cui L, Liu P. Construction and application of artificial lipoproteins using adiposomes. J Lipid Res 2023; 64:100436. [PMID: 37648212 PMCID: PMC10518588 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2023.100436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipoproteins are complex particles comprised of a neutral lipid core wrapped with a phospholipid monolayer membrane and apolipoproteins on the membrane, which is closely associated with metabolic diseases. To facilitate the elucidation of its formation and dynamics, as well as its applications, we developed an in vitro system in which adiposomes, consisting of a hydrophobic core encircled by a monolayer-phospholipid membrane, were engineered into artificial lipoproteins (ALPs) by recruiting one or more kinds of apolipoproteins, for example, apolipoprotein (Apo) A-I, ApoE, ApoA-IV, and ApoB. In vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated the stability and biological activity of ALPs derived from adiposomes, which resembles native lipoproteins. Of note, adiposomes bearing ApoE were internalized via clathrin-mediated endocytosis following LDLR binding and were delivered to lysosomes. On the other hand, adiposomes bearing ApoA-IV mimicked the existing form of endogenous ApoA-IV and exhibited significant improvement in glucose tolerance in mice. In addition, the construction process was simple, precise, reproducible, as well as easy to adjust for mass production. With this experimental system, different apolipoproteins can be recruited to build ALPs for some biological goals and potential applications in biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Cao
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ziyun Zhou
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shimeng Xu
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Pan
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shuyan Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China; National Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Gaoxin Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Zelun Zhi
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yumeng Shi
- College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Liujuan Cui
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Pingsheng Liu
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Sarkar S, Elliott EC, Henry HR, Ludovico ID, Melchior JT, Frazer-Abel A, Webb-Robertson BJ, Davidson WS, Holers VM, Rewers MJ, Metz TO, Nakayasu ES. Systematic review of type 1 diabetes biomarkers reveals regulation in circulating proteins related to complement, lipid metabolism, and immune response. Clin Proteomics 2023; 20:38. [PMID: 37735622 PMCID: PMC10512508 DOI: 10.1186/s12014-023-09429-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 1 diabetes (T1D) results from an autoimmune attack of the pancreatic β cells that progresses to dysglycemia and symptomatic hyperglycemia. Current biomarkers to track this evolution are limited, with development of islet autoantibodies marking the onset of autoimmunity and metabolic tests used to detect dysglycemia. Therefore, additional biomarkers are needed to better track disease initiation and progression. Multiple clinical studies have used proteomics to identify biomarker candidates. However, most of the studies were limited to the initial candidate identification, which needs to be further validated and have assays developed for clinical use. Here we curate these studies to help prioritize biomarker candidates for validation studies and to obtain a broader view of processes regulated during disease development. METHODS This systematic review was registered with Open Science Framework ( https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/N8TSA ). Using PRISMA guidelines, we conducted a systematic search of proteomics studies of T1D in the PubMed to identify putative protein biomarkers of the disease. Studies that performed mass spectrometry-based untargeted/targeted proteomic analysis of human serum/plasma of control, pre-seroconversion, post-seroconversion, and/or T1D-diagnosed subjects were included. For unbiased screening, 3 reviewers screened all the articles independently using the pre-determined criteria. RESULTS A total of 13 studies met our inclusion criteria, resulting in the identification of 266 unique proteins, with 31 (11.6%) being identified across 3 or more studies. The circulating protein biomarkers were found to be enriched in complement, lipid metabolism, and immune response pathways, all of which are found to be dysregulated in different phases of T1D development. We found 2 subsets: 17 proteins (C3, C1R, C8G, C4B, IBP2, IBP3, ITIH1, ITIH2, BTD, APOE, TETN, C1S, C6A3, SAA4, ALS, SEPP1 and PI16) and 3 proteins (C3, CLUS and C4A) have consistent regulation in at least 2 independent studies at post-seroconversion and post-diagnosis compared to controls, respectively, making them strong candidates for clinical assay development. CONCLUSIONS Biomarkers analyzed in this systematic review highlight alterations in specific biological processes in T1D, including complement, lipid metabolism, and immune response pathways, and may have potential for further use in the clinic as prognostic or diagnostic assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumyadeep Sarkar
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Emily C Elliott
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Hayden R Henry
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Ivo Díaz Ludovico
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - John T Melchior
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Ashley Frazer-Abel
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | - W Sean Davidson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - V Michael Holers
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Marian J Rewers
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Thomas O Metz
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Ernesto S Nakayasu
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA.
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Kuo HCN, LaRussa Z, Xu FM, West K, Consitt L, Davidson WS, Liu M, Coschigano KT, Shi H, Lo CC. Apolipoprotein A4 Elevates Sympathetic Activity and Thermogenesis in Male Mice. Nutrients 2023; 15:2486. [PMID: 37299447 PMCID: PMC10255745 DOI: 10.3390/nu15112486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Long-chain fatty acids induce apolipoprotein A4 (APOA4) production in the small intestine and activate brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis. The increase in BAT thermogenesis enhances triglyceride clearance and insulin sensitivity. Acute administration of recombinant APOA4 protein elevates BAT thermogenesis in chow-fed mice. However, the physiological role of continuous infusion of recombinant APOA4 protein in regulating sympathetic activity, thermogenesis, and lipid and glucose metabolism in low-fat-diet (LFD)-fed mice remained elusive. The hypothesis of this study was that continuous infusion of mouse APOA4 protein would increase sympathetic activity and thermogenesis in BAT and subcutaneous inguinal white adipose tissue (IWAT), attenuate plasma lipid levels, and improve glucose tolerance. To test this hypothesis, sympathetic activity, BAT temperature, energy expenditure, body weight, fat mass, caloric intake, glucose tolerance, and levels of BAT and IWAT thermogenic and lipolytic proteins, plasma lipids, and markers of fatty acid oxidation in the liver in mice with APOA4 or saline treatment were measured. Plasma APOA4 levels were elevated, BAT temperature and thermogenesis were upregulated, and plasma triglyceride (TG) levels were reduced, while body weight, fat mass, caloric intake, energy expenditure, and plasma cholesterol and leptin levels were comparable between APOA4- and saline-treated mice. Additionally, APOA4 infusion stimulated sympathetic activity in BAT and liver but not in IWAT. APOA4-treated mice had greater fatty acid oxidation but less TG content in the liver than saline-treated mice had. Plasma insulin in APOA4-treated mice was lower than that in saline-treated mice after a glucose challenge. In conclusion, continuous infusion of mouse APOA4 protein stimulated sympathetic activity in BAT and the liver, elevated BAT thermogenesis and hepatic fatty acid oxidation, and consequently attenuated levels of plasma and hepatic TG and plasma insulin without altering caloric intake, body weight gain and fat mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsuan-Chih N. Kuo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine and Diabetes Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA; (H.-C.N.K.); (Z.L.); (K.W.); (L.C.); (K.T.C.)
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA
| | - Zachary LaRussa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine and Diabetes Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA; (H.-C.N.K.); (Z.L.); (K.W.); (L.C.); (K.T.C.)
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA
| | - Flora Mengyang Xu
- Department of Biology, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056, USA; (F.M.X.); (H.S.)
| | - Kathryn West
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine and Diabetes Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA; (H.-C.N.K.); (Z.L.); (K.W.); (L.C.); (K.T.C.)
| | - Leslie Consitt
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine and Diabetes Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA; (H.-C.N.K.); (Z.L.); (K.W.); (L.C.); (K.T.C.)
| | - William Sean Davidson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45237, USA; (W.S.D.); (M.L.)
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45237, USA; (W.S.D.); (M.L.)
| | - Karen T. Coschigano
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine and Diabetes Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA; (H.-C.N.K.); (Z.L.); (K.W.); (L.C.); (K.T.C.)
| | - Haifei Shi
- Department of Biology, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056, USA; (F.M.X.); (H.S.)
| | - Chunmin C. Lo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine and Diabetes Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA; (H.-C.N.K.); (Z.L.); (K.W.); (L.C.); (K.T.C.)
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8
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Andraski AB, Singh SA, Higashi H, Lee LH, Aikawa M, Sacks FM. The distinct metabolism between large and small HDL indicates unique origins of human apolipoprotein A4. JCI Insight 2023; 8:162481. [PMID: 37092549 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.162481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Apolipoprotein A4's (APOA4's) functions on HDL in humans are not well understood. A unique feature of APOA4 is that it is an intestinal apolipoprotein secreted on HDL and chylomicrons. The goal of this study was to gain a better understanding of the origin and function of APOA4 on HDL by studying its metabolism across 6 HDL sizes. Twelve participants completed a metabolic tracer study. HDL was isolated by APOA1 immunopurification and separated by size. Tracer enrichments for APOA4 and APOA1 were determined by targeted mass spectrometry, and metabolic rates were derived by compartmental modeling. APOA4 metabolism on small HDL (alpha3, prebeta, and very small prebeta) was distinct from that of APOA4 on large HDL (alpha0, 1, 2). APOA4 on small HDL appeared in circulation by 30 minutes and was relatively rapidly catabolized. In contrast, APOA4 on large HDL appeared in circulation later (1-2 hours) and had a much slower catabolism. The unique metabolic profiles of APOA4 on small and large HDL likely indicate that each has a distinct origin and function in humans. This evidence supports the notion that APOA4 on small HDL originates directly from the small intestine while APOA4 on large HDL originates from chylomicron transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison B Andraski
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sasha A Singh
- Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, and
| | - Hideyuki Higashi
- Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, and
| | - Lang Ho Lee
- Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, and
| | - Masanori Aikawa
- Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, and
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Frank M Sacks
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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9
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Sarkar S, Elliott EC, Henry HR, Ludovico ID, Melchior JT, Frazer-Abel A, Webb-Robertson BJ, Davidson WS, Holers VM, Rewers MJ, Metz TO, Nakayasu ES. Systematic review of type 1 diabetes biomarkers reveals regulation in circulating proteins related to complement, lipid metabolism, and immune response. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.02.21.23286132. [PMID: 36865103 PMCID: PMC9980237 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.21.23286132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Aims Type 1 diabetes (T1D) results from an autoimmune attack of the pancreatic β cells that progresses to dysglycemia and symptomatic hyperglycemia. Current biomarkers to track this evolution are limited, with development of islet autoantibodies marking the onset of autoimmunity and metabolic tests used to detect dysglycemia. Therefore, additional biomarkers are needed to better track disease initiation and progression. Multiple clinical studies have used proteomics to identify biomarker candidates. However, most of the studies were limited to the initial candidate identification, which needs to be further validated and have assays developed for clinical use. Here we curate these studies to help prioritize biomarker candidates for validation studies and to obtain a broader view of processes regulated during disease development. Methods This systematic review was registered with Open Science Framework (DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/N8TSA). Using PRISMA guidelines, we conducted a systematic search of proteomics studies of T1D in the PubMed to identify putative protein biomarkers of the disease. Studies that performed mass spectrometry-based untargeted/targeted proteomic analysis of human serum/plasma of control, pre-seroconversion, post-seroconversion, and/or T1D-diagnosed subjects were included. For unbiased screening, 3 reviewers screened all the articles independently using the pre-determined criteria. Results A total of 13 studies met our inclusion criteria, resulting in the identification of 251 unique proteins, with 27 (11%) being identified across 3 or more studies. The circulating protein biomarkers were found to be enriched in complement, lipid metabolism, and immune response pathways, all of which are found to be dysregulated in different phases of T1D development. We found a subset of 3 proteins (C3, KNG1 & CFAH), 6 proteins (C3, C4A, APOA4, C4B, A2AP & BTD) and 7 proteins (C3, CLUS, APOA4, C6, A2AP, C1R & CFAI) have consistent regulation between multiple studies in samples from individuals at pre-seroconversion, post-seroconversion and post-diagnosis compared to controls, respectively, making them strong candidates for clinical assay development. Conclusions Biomarkers analyzed in this systematic review highlight alterations in specific biological processes in T1D, including complement, lipid metabolism, and immune response pathways, and may have potential for further use in the clinic as prognostic or diagnostic assays.
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10
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Zhang W, Liu XH, Zhou JT, Cheng C, Xu J, Yu J, Li X. Apolipoprotein A-IV restrains fat accumulation in skeletal and myocardial muscles by inhibiting lipogenesis and activating PI3K-AKT signalling. Arch Physiol Biochem 2023:1-11. [PMID: 36594510 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2022.2163261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND One of the pathological characteristics of obesity is fat accumulation of skeletal muscles (SKM) and the myocardium, involving mechanisms of insulin resistance and abnormal lipid metabolism. Apolipoprotein A-IV (ApoA-IV) is an essential gene in both glucose and lipid metabolisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS Using high-fat diet (HFD) induced obese apoA-IV-knockout mice and subsequent introduction of exogenous recombinant-ApoA-IV protein and adeno-associated virus (AAV)-transformed apoA-IV, we examined lipid metabolism indicators of SKM and the myocardium, which include triglyceride (TG) content, RT-PCR for lipogenic indicators and western blotting for AKT phosphorylation. Similarly, we used high-glucose-fed or palmitate (Pal)-induced C2C12 cells co-cultured with ApoA-IV protein to evaluate glucose uptake, the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-AKT pathway, and lipid metabolisms. RESULTS In stable obese animal models, we find ApoA-IV-knockout mice show elevated TG content, enhanced expression of lipogenic enzymes and diminished phosphorylated AKT in SKM and the myocardium, but both stable hepatic expression of AAV-apoA-IV and brief ApoA-IV protein administration suppress lipogenesis and promote AKT phosphorylation. In a myoblast cell line C2C12, ApoA-IV protein suppresses Pal-induced lipid accumulation and lipogenesis but enhances AKT activation and glucose uptake, and the effect is abolished by a PI3K inhibitor. CONCLUSION We find that ApoA-IV reduces fat accumulation by suppressing lipogenesis and improves glucose uptake in SKM and the myocardium by regulating the PI3K-AKT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqian Zhang
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, Precision Medical Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
- Department of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiao-Huan Liu
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, Precision Medical Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Jin-Ting Zhou
- Bio-evidence Sciences Academy (BSA), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Western China Science & Technology Innovation Harbour, Xi'an, China
| | - Cheng Cheng
- Bio-evidence Sciences Academy (BSA), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Western China Science & Technology Innovation Harbour, Xi'an, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Division of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jun Yu
- OneHealth Technology Company, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaoming Li
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, Precision Medical Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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11
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Liu XH, Zhang Y, Chang L, Wei Y, Huang N, Zhou JT, Cheng C, Zhang J, Xu J, Li Z, Li X. Apolipoprotein A-IV reduced metabolic inflammation in white adipose tissue by inhibiting IKK and JNK signaling in adipocytes. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2023; 559:111813. [PMID: 36341820 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2022.111813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Apolipoprotein A-IV (ApoA-IV) plays a role in satiation and serum lipid transport. In diet-induced obesity (DIO) C57BL/6J mice, ApoA-IV deficiency induced in ApoA-IV-/-knock-out (KO mice) resulted in increased bodyweight, insulin resistance (IR) and plasma free fatty acid (FFA), which was partially reversed by stable ApoA-IV-green fluorescent protein (KO-A4-GFP) transfection in KO mice. DIO KO mice exhibited increased M1 macrophages in epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT) as well as in the blood. Based on RNA-sequencing analyses, cytokine-cytokine receptor interactions, T cell and B cell receptors, and especially IL-17 and TNF-α, were up-regulated in eWAT of DIO ApoA-IV KO compared with WT mice. Supplemented ApoA-IV suppressed lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced IKK and JNK phosphorylation in Raw264.7 macrophage cell culture assays. When the culture medium was supplemented to 3T3-L1 adipocytes they exhibited an increased sensitivity to insulin. ApoA-IV protects against obesity-associated metabolic inflammation mainly through suppression in M1 macrophages of eWAT, IL17-IKK and IL17-JNK activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Huan Liu
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Western China Science & Technology Innovation Harbour, Xi'an, China
| | - Yupeng Zhang
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Western China Science & Technology Innovation Harbour, Xi'an, China; Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital, Qingdao University, Taian, China
| | - Liao Chang
- Bio-evidence Science Academy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Public Health for Forensic Sciences, Western China Science & Technology Innovation Harbour, Xi'an, China
| | - Yang Wei
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Western China Science & Technology Innovation Harbour, Xi'an, China
| | - Na Huang
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Western China Science & Technology Innovation Harbour, Xi'an, China
| | - Jin-Ting Zhou
- Bio-evidence Science Academy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Public Health for Forensic Sciences, Western China Science & Technology Innovation Harbour, Xi'an, China
| | - Cheng Cheng
- Bio-evidence Science Academy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Public Health for Forensic Sciences, Western China Science & Technology Innovation Harbour, Xi'an, China
| | - Jianbo Zhang
- Bio-evidence Science Academy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Public Health for Forensic Sciences, Western China Science & Technology Innovation Harbour, Xi'an, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Division of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zongfang Li
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Western China Science & Technology Innovation Harbour, Xi'an, China.
| | - Xiaoming Li
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Western China Science & Technology Innovation Harbour, Xi'an, China.
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12
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Liu XH, Zhou JT, Yan CX, Cheng C, Fan JN, Xu J, Zheng Q, Bai Q, Li Z, Li S, Li X. Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals a novel inhibitory effect of ApoA4 on NAFL mediated by liver-specific subsets of myeloid cells. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1038401. [PMID: 36426356 PMCID: PMC9678944 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1038401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The liver immune microenvironment is a key element in the development of hepatic inflammation in NAFLD. ApoA4 deficiency increases the hepatic lipid burden, insulin resistance, and metabolic inflammation. However, the effect of ApoA4 on liver immune cells and the precise immune cell subsets that exacerbate fatty liver remain elusive. The aim of this study was to profile the hepatic immune cells affected by ApoA4 in NAFL. We performed scRNA-seq on liver immune cells from WT and ApoA4-deficient mice administered a high-fat diet. Immunostaining and qRT-PCR analysis were used to validate the results of scRNA-seq. We identified 10 discrete immune cell populations comprising macrophages, DCs, granulocytes, B, T and NK&NKT cells and characterized their subsets, gene expression profiles, and functional modules. ApoA4 deficiency led to significant increases in the abundance of specific subsets, including inflammatory macrophages (2-Mφ-Cxcl9 and 4-Mφ-Cxcl2) and activated granulocytes (0-Gran-Wfdc17). Moreover, ApoA4 deficiency resulted in higher Lgals3, Ctss, Fcgr2b, Spp1, Cxcl2, and Elane levels and lower Nr4a1 levels in hepatic immune cells. These genes were consistent with human NAFLD-associated marker genes linked to disease severity. The expression of NE and IL-1β in granulocytes and macrophages as key ApoA4 targets were validate in the presence or absence of ApoA4 by immunostaining. The scRNA-seq data analyses revealed reprogramming of liver immune cells resulted from ApoA4 deficiency. We uncovered that the emergence of ApoA4-associated immune subsets (namely Cxcl9+ macrophage, Cxcl2+ macrophage and Wfdc17+ granulocyte), pathways, and NAFLD-related marker genes may promote the development of NAFL. These findings may provide novel therapeutic targets for NAFL and the foundations for further studying the effects of ApoA4 on immune cells in various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Huan Liu
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, Precision Medical Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jin-Ting Zhou
- Key laboratory of Ministry of Public Health for Forensic Sciences, Western China Science & Technology Innovation Harbour, Xi’an, China
| | - Chun-xia Yan
- College of Forensic Medicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
- Department of Pathology, Bio-Evidence Sciences Academy, The Western China Science and Technology Innovation Port, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Cheng Cheng
- Key laboratory of Ministry of Public Health for Forensic Sciences, Western China Science & Technology Innovation Harbour, Xi’an, China
| | - Jing-Na Fan
- Key laboratory of Ministry of Public Health for Forensic Sciences, Western China Science & Technology Innovation Harbour, Xi’an, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Division of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Qiangsun Zheng
- Division of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Qiang Bai
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology, GIGA Institute, Liège University, Liège, Belgium
| | - Zongfang Li
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, Precision Medical Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Shengbin Li
- Key laboratory of Ministry of Public Health for Forensic Sciences, Western China Science & Technology Innovation Harbour, Xi’an, China
| | - Xiaoming Li
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, Precision Medical Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
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13
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Li LY, Chen S, Wang YX, Ji R, Ding FH, Wang XQ, Chen QJ, Lu L, Dai Y. Serum apolipoprotein A-IV levels are associated with flow-mediated dilation in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2022; 22:446. [PMID: 36284290 PMCID: PMC9594896 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-022-02898-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Endothelial dysfunction is common in diabetes. Apolipoprotein (apo) A-IV functions to antagonize inflammation and oxidative stress. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and serum apoA-IV level in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. Methods A total of 84 T2DM patients with chest discomfort were enrolled in this study. Their baseline characteristics and clinical parameters were documented. Endothelial function of the participants was evaluated by examining FMD of brachial artery. The severity of coronary atherosclerosis was determined by quantitative coronary angiography. Serum apoA-IV levels were measured by ELISA. Results These diabetic patients were dichotomized into low FMD (n = 42) and high FMD (n = 42) groups. Serum apoA-IV levels were significantly higher in high FMD group than in low FMD group (29.96 ± 13.17 vs 17.69 ± 9.16 mg/dL, P < 0.001). Moreover, the patients were also categorized into three apoA-IV tertile groups. FMD was significantly different across three apoA-IV tertiles (P < 0.001). Serum apoA-IV levels were positively correlated to FMD (r = 0.469, P < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine risk factors for low FMD. apoA-IV levels together with the risk factor hsCRP remained significantly to be independent determinants of low FMD (P < 0.01). Linear regression analysis was performed, and apoA-IV levels together with total-to-HDL cholesterol ratio were independently correlated with FMD (P < 0.01). Conclusions Serum apoA-IV levels are associated with FMD, suggesting that apoA-IV protects endothelial function in patients with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le-Ying Li
- grid.412277.50000 0004 1760 6738Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 RuiJin Road II, Shanghai, 200025 People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuai Chen
- grid.412277.50000 0004 1760 6738Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 RuiJin Road II, Shanghai, 200025 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi-Xuan Wang
- grid.412277.50000 0004 1760 6738Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 RuiJin Road II, Shanghai, 200025 People’s Republic of China
| | - Ri Ji
- grid.412277.50000 0004 1760 6738Department of Ultrasound, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Feng-Hua Ding
- grid.412277.50000 0004 1760 6738Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 RuiJin Road II, Shanghai, 200025 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Qun Wang
- grid.412277.50000 0004 1760 6738Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 RuiJin Road II, Shanghai, 200025 People’s Republic of China ,grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiu-Jing Chen
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lin Lu
- grid.412277.50000 0004 1760 6738Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 RuiJin Road II, Shanghai, 200025 People’s Republic of China ,grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang Dai
- grid.412277.50000 0004 1760 6738Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 RuiJin Road II, Shanghai, 200025 People’s Republic of China ,grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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14
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Thomas SR, Zhang Y, Rye KA. The pleiotropic effects of high-density lipoproteins and apolipoprotein A-I. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022; 37:101689. [PMID: 36008277 DOI: 10.1016/j.beem.2022.101689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The high density lipoprotein (HDL) fraction of human plasma consists of multiple subpopulations of spherical particles that are structurally uniform, but heterogeneous in terms of size, composition and function. Numerous epidemiological studies have established that an elevated high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) level is associated with decreased cardiovascular risk. However, with several recent randomised clinical trials of HDL-C raising agents failing to reduce cardiovascular events, contemporary research is transitioning towards clinical development of the cardioprotective functions of HDLs and the identification of functions that can be exploited for treatment of other diseases. This review describes the origins of HDLs and the causes of their compositional and functional heterogeneity. It then summarises current knowledge of how cardioprotective and other functions of HDLs are regulated. The final section of the review summarises recent advances in the clinical development of HDL-targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shane R Thomas
- Cardiometabolic Disease Research Group, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Yunjia Zhang
- Cardiometabolic Disease Research Group, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Kerry-Anne Rye
- Cardiometabolic Disease Research Group, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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15
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Cheng C, Liu XH, He J, Gao J, Zhou JT, Fan JN, Jin X, Zhang J, Chang L, Xiong Z, Yu J, Li S, Li X. Apolipoprotein A4 Restricts Diet-induced Hepatic Steatosis via SREBF1-mediated Lipogenesis and Enhances IRS-PI3K-Akt Signaling. Mol Nutr Food Res 2022; 66:e2101034. [PMID: 35909347 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202101034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance (IR) are risk factors for many metabolic syndromes such as NAFLD and T2DM. ApoA4 improves glucose hemostasis by increasing glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and glucose uptake via PI3K-Akt activation in adipocytes. However, whether ApoA4 has an effect on hepatic steatosis or IR remains unclear. METHODS AND RESULTS ApoA4-knockout (KO) aggravates diet-induced obesity, hepatic steatosis and IR in mice promoted by increased hepatic lipogenesis gene expression based on RNA-seq data. Conversely, liver-specific overexpression of ApoA4 via AAV-ApoA4 transduction reverses the effect in ApoA4-KO mice, accompanied by suppressed hepatic lipogenesis, increased lipolysis, and fatty acid oxidation. Short-term treatment with recombinant ApoA4 protein improves glucose clearance and liver insulin sensitivity, and reduces hepatic lipogenesis gene expression in the absence of insulin. Moreover, in primary hepatocytes and a hepatic cell line, ApoA4 improves hepatic glucose uptake via IRS-PI3K-Akt signaling and decreases fat deposition and hepatic lipogenesis gene expression by inhibiting SREBF1 activity. CONCLUSION ApoA4 restricts hepatic steatosis by inhibiting SREBF1-mediated lipogenesis and improves insulin sensitivity and glucose uptake via IRS-PI3K-Akt signaling in the liver. These findings indicate that ApoA4 may serve as a therapeutic target for obesity-associated NAFLD. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Cheng
- Bio-evidence Sciences Academy (BSA), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Western China Science & Technology Innovation Harbour, Xi'an, 710100, China.,Key laboratory of Ministry of Public Health for Forensic Sciences, Western China Science & Technology Innovation Harbour, Xi'an, 710100, China
| | - Xiao-Huan Liu
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, Precision Medical Institute, Institute of Digestive Diseases. The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Western China Science & Technology Innovation Harbour, Xi'an, 710100, China
| | - Jing He
- Bio-evidence Sciences Academy (BSA), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Western China Science & Technology Innovation Harbour, Xi'an, 710100, China.,Key laboratory of Ministry of Public Health for Forensic Sciences, Western China Science & Technology Innovation Harbour, Xi'an, 710100, China
| | - Jing Gao
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Western China Science & Technology Innovation Harbour, Xi'an, 710100, China
| | - Jin-Ting Zhou
- Bio-evidence Sciences Academy (BSA), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Western China Science & Technology Innovation Harbour, Xi'an, 710100, China.,Key laboratory of Ministry of Public Health for Forensic Sciences, Western China Science & Technology Innovation Harbour, Xi'an, 710100, China
| | - Jing-Na Fan
- Bio-evidence Sciences Academy (BSA), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Western China Science & Technology Innovation Harbour, Xi'an, 710100, China.,Key laboratory of Ministry of Public Health for Forensic Sciences, Western China Science & Technology Innovation Harbour, Xi'an, 710100, China
| | - Xi Jin
- Bio-evidence Sciences Academy (BSA), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Western China Science & Technology Innovation Harbour, Xi'an, 710100, China.,Key laboratory of Ministry of Public Health for Forensic Sciences, Western China Science & Technology Innovation Harbour, Xi'an, 710100, China
| | - Jianbo Zhang
- Bio-evidence Sciences Academy (BSA), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Western China Science & Technology Innovation Harbour, Xi'an, 710100, China.,Key laboratory of Ministry of Public Health for Forensic Sciences, Western China Science & Technology Innovation Harbour, Xi'an, 710100, China
| | - Liao Chang
- Bio-evidence Sciences Academy (BSA), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Western China Science & Technology Innovation Harbour, Xi'an, 710100, China.,Key laboratory of Ministry of Public Health for Forensic Sciences, Western China Science & Technology Innovation Harbour, Xi'an, 710100, China
| | - Zijun Xiong
- Bio-evidence Sciences Academy (BSA), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Western China Science & Technology Innovation Harbour, Xi'an, 710100, China.,Key laboratory of Ministry of Public Health for Forensic Sciences, Western China Science & Technology Innovation Harbour, Xi'an, 710100, China
| | - Jun Yu
- OneHealth Technology Company, Xi'an, 710000, China
| | - Shengbin Li
- Bio-evidence Sciences Academy (BSA), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Western China Science & Technology Innovation Harbour, Xi'an, 710100, China.,Key laboratory of Ministry of Public Health for Forensic Sciences, Western China Science & Technology Innovation Harbour, Xi'an, 710100, China
| | - Xiaoming Li
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, Precision Medical Institute, Institute of Digestive Diseases. The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Western China Science & Technology Innovation Harbour, Xi'an, 710100, China
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16
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Liao X, Zhang C, Qiu S, Qiu Z, Tang Q, Wu S, Xu J, Wu B, Liu Z, Gao F. Proximity hybridization induced rolling circle amplification for label-free SERS detection of the depression marker human apolipoprotein A4. Talanta 2022; 244:123402. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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17
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Shearston K, Tan JTM, Cochran BJ, Rye KA. Inhibition of Vascular Inflammation by Apolipoprotein A-IV. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:901408. [PMID: 35845068 PMCID: PMC9279673 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.901408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Apolipoprotein (apo) A-IV, the third most abundant apolipoprotein in human high density lipoproteins (HDLs), inhibits intestinal and systemic inflammation. This study asks if apoA-IV also inhibits acute vascular inflammation. Methods Inflammation was induced in New Zealand White rabbits by placing a non-occlusive silastic collar around the common carotid artery. A single 1 mg/kg intravenous infusion of lipid-free apoA-IV or saline (control) was administered to the animals 24 h before collar insertion. The animals were euthanised 24 h post-collar insertion. Human coronary artery cells (HCAECs) were pre-incubated with reconstituted HDLs containing apoA-IV complexed with phosphatidylcholine, (A-IV)rHDLs, then activated by incubation with tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α. Cell surface vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in the TNF-α-activated HCAECs was quantified by flow cytometry. VCAM-1, ICAM-1 and 3β-hydroxysteroid-Δ24 reductase (DHCR24) mRNA levels were quantified by real time PCR. Results Apolipoprotein ApoA-IV treatment significantly decreased collar-induced endothelial expression of VCAM-1, ICAM-1 and neutrophil infiltration into the arterial intima by 67.6 ± 9.9% (p < 0.01), 75.4 ± 6.9% (p < 0.01) and 74.4 ± 8.5% (p < 0.05), respectively. It also increased endothelial expression of DHCR24 by 2.6-fold (p < 0.05). Pre-incubation of HCAECs with (A-IV)rHDLs prior to stimulation with TNF-α inhibited VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 protein levels by 62.2 ± 12.1% and 33.7 ± 5.7%, respectively. VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 mRNA levels were decreased by 55.8 ± 7.2% and 49.6 ± 7.9%, respectively, while DHCR24 mRNA expression increased by threefold. Transfection of HCAECs with DHCR24 siRNA attenuated the anti-inflammatory effects of (A-IV)rHDLs. Pre-incubation of TNF-α-activated HCAECs with (A-IV)rHDLs also inhibited nuclear translocation of the p65 subunit of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), and decreased IκBα phosphorylation. Conclusion These results indicate that apoA-IV inhibits vascular inflammation in vitro and in vivo by inhibiting NF-κB activation in a DHCR24-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate Shearston
- Lipid Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Joanne T. M. Tan
- Vascular Research Centre, Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Blake J. Cochran
- Lipid Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kerry-Anne Rye
- Lipid Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- *Correspondence: Kerry-Anne Rye,
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18
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Relationship between Plasma Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide (PACAP) Level and Proteome Profile of Cows. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12121559. [PMID: 35739894 PMCID: PMC9219453 DOI: 10.3390/ani12121559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) is a pleiotropic and multifunctional neuropeptide; it takes part in the regulation of various physiological processes, such as feeding, reproduction, catecholamine synthesis, thermoregulation, motor activity, brain development and neuronal survival. Since PACAP plays important regulatory roles, we hypothesized that the level of PACAP in blood is associated with expression of other proteins, which are involved in different metabolic pathways. The objective of the present study was to compare plasma protein profiles of cows with high and low plasma PACAP levels. Differential proteome analyses were performed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2D-PAGE) followed by tryptic digestion and protein identification by liquid chromatography−mass spectrometry (LC-MS). A total of 210 protein spots were detected, and 16 protein spots showed statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) in the expression levels between groups. Ten spots showed a higher intensity in the high-PACAP-concentration group, while six spots were more abundant in the low-PACAP-concentration group. The functions of the differentially expressed proteins indicate that the PACAP level of plasma is related to the lipid metabolism and immune status of cattle.
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19
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Schwaiger JP, Kollerits B, Steinbrenner I, Weissensteiner H, Schönherr S, Forer L, Kotsis F, Lamina C, Schneider MP, Schultheiss UT, Wanner C, Köttgen A, Eckardt KU, Kronenberg F. Apolipoprotein A-IV concentrations and clinical outcomes in a large chronic kidney disease cohort: Results from the GCKD study. J Intern Med 2022; 291:622-636. [PMID: 34914850 PMCID: PMC9305919 DOI: 10.1111/joim.13437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic kidney disease (CKD) represents a chronic proinflammatory state and is associated with very high cardiovascular risk. Apolipoprotein A-IV (apoA-IV) has antiatherogenic, antioxidative, anti-inflammatory and antithrombotic properties and levels increase significantly during the course of CKD. OBJECTIVES We aimed to investigate the association between apoA-IV and all-cause mortality and cardiovascular outcomes in the German Chronic Kidney Disease study. METHODS This was a prospective cohort study including 5141 Caucasian patients with available apoA-IV measurements and CKD. The majority of the patients had an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of 30-60 ml/min/1.73m2 or an eGFR >60 ml/min/1.73m2 in the presence of overt proteinuria. Median follow-up was 6.5 years. The association of apoA-IV with comorbidities at baseline and endpoints during follow-up was modelled adjusting for major confounders. RESULTS Mean apoA-IV concentrations of the entire cohort were 28.9 ± 9.8 mg/dl. Patients in the highest apoA-IV quartile had the lowest high-sensitivity C-reactive protein values despite the highest prevalence of diabetes, albuminuria and the lowest eGFR. Each 10 mg/dl higher apoA-IV translated into lower odds of prevalent cardiovascular disease (1289 cases, odds ratio = 0.80, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.72-0.86, p = 0.0000003). During follow-up, each 10 mg/dl higher apoA-IV was significantly associated with a lower risk for all-cause mortality (600 cases, hazard ratio [HR] = 0.81, 95% CI 0.73-0.89, p = 0.00004), incident major adverse cardiovascular events (506 cases, HR = 0.88, 95% CI 0.79-0.99, p = 0.03) and death or hospitalizations due to heart failure (346 cases, HR = 0.84, 95% CI 0.73-0.96, p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS These data support a link between elevated apoA-IV concentrations and reduced inflammation in moderate CKD. ApoA-IV appears to be an independent risk marker for reduced all-cause mortality, cardiovascular events and heart failure in a large cohort of patients with CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes P Schwaiger
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.,Department of Internal Medicine, Landeskrankenhaus Hall i.T., Hall in Tirol, Austria
| | - Barbara Kollerits
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Inga Steinbrenner
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Hansi Weissensteiner
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sebastian Schönherr
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Lukas Forer
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Fruzsina Kotsis
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Department of Medicine IV - Nephrology and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Lamina
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Markus P Schneider
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ulla T Schultheiss
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Department of Medicine IV - Nephrology and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Wanner
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Anna Köttgen
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Kai-Uwe Eckardt
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.,Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Florian Kronenberg
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | -
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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20
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Zhang YQ, Fan S, Wang WQ, Lau WB, Dai JL, Zhang HF, Wang XM, Liu XG, Li R. Hyperlipidemic Plasma Molecules Bind and Inhibit Adiponectin Activity. J Diabetes Investig 2022; 13:947-954. [PMID: 35023319 PMCID: PMC9153844 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.13746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Adiponectin is a potent vascular protective molecule. Recent findings have suggested adiponectin resistance during early diabetes. However, the molecular mechanisms responsible remain unidentified. Here, we took an unbiased approach to identify whether hyperlipidemic plasma molecules exist that bind and inhibit adiponectin function, contributing to adiponectin resistance and diabetic vascular injury. Methods Adult rats were randomly assigned to receive either a normal or a high‐fat diet for 8 weeks. Plasma was co‐immunoprecipitated with anti‐APN antibody and analyzed by mass spectrometry. The APN binding molecules and their effect upon APN biological activity were determined. Results As expected, the high‐fat‐diet increased plasma triglyceride, total cholesterol, and low‐density lipoprotein. Importantly, the circulating APN level was significantly increased at this time point. Mass spectrometry identified 18 proteins with increased APN binding in hyperlipidemic plasma, among which four proteins critical in lipid metabolism, including apolipoprotein A1 (APOA1), APOA4, APOC1, and paraoxonase 1, were further investigated. Incubating recombinant APN with APOA1 markedly (P < 0.01), and incubating with APOC1 significantly (P < 0.05), inhibited APN activity as evidenced by the reduced AMPK activation in HUVECs. APOA4 and paraoxonase 1 incubation had no effect upon APN activity. Finally, plasma APOA1 was significantly increased (P < 0.05) in hyperlipidemic plasma compared with the control plasma. Conclusions It was demonstrated for the first time that increased APOA1 and APOC1 in hyperlipidemic plasma binds and inhibits APN activity. This result not only identifies a novel molecular mechanism responsible for adiponectin resistance during early stage diabetes, but also provides additional new insight into the diverse/controversial (protective and harmful) functions of high‐density lipoprotein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Qing Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Sen Fan
- Department of Geriatrics, Xijing Hospital, Airforce Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wen-Qing Wang
- Department of Hematology, Tangdu Hospital, Airforce Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wayne Bond Lau
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Jian-Li Dai
- Department of Geriatrics, Xijing Hospital, Airforce Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hai-Feng Zhang
- Department of Teaching and Experiment Center, Airforce Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Xijing Hospital, Airforce Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiao-Gang Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Rong Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Xijing Hospital, Airforce Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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21
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HDL and Diabetes. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1377:119-127. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-19-1592-5_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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22
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Alipoor B, Nikouei S, Rezaeinejad F, Malakooti-Dehkordi SN, Sabati Z, Ghasemi H. Long non-coding RNAs in metabolic disorders: pathogenetic relevance and potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets. J Endocrinol Invest 2021; 44:2015-2041. [PMID: 33792864 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-021-01559-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been suggested that dysregulation of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) could be associated with the incidence and development of metabolic disorders. AIM Accordingly, this narrative review described the molecular mechanisms of lncRNAs in the development of metabolic diseases including insulin resistance, diabetes, obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), cirrhosis, and coronary artery diseases (CAD). Furthermore, we investigated the up-to-date findings on the association of deregulated lncRNAs in the metabolic disorders, and potential use of lncRNAs as biomarkers and therapeutic targets. CONCLUSION LncRNAs/miRNA/regulatory proteins axis plays a crucial role in progression of metabolic disorders and may be used in development of therapeutic and diagnostic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Alipoor
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Paramedicine, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - S Nikouei
- Student Research Committee, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - F Rezaeinejad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | | | - Z Sabati
- MSc student of Hematology, Student Research Committee, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - H Ghasemi
- Abadan Faculty of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran.
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23
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Xepapadaki E, Nikdima I, Sagiadinou EC, Zvintzou E, Kypreos KE. HDL and type 2 diabetes: the chicken or the egg? Diabetologia 2021; 64:1917-1926. [PMID: 34255113 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-021-05509-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
HDL is a complex macromolecular cluster of various components, such as apolipoproteins, enzymes and lipids. Quality evidence from clinical and epidemiological studies led to the principle that HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels are inversely correlated with the risk of CHD. Nevertheless, the failure of many cholesteryl ester transfer protein inhibitors to protect against CVD casts doubts on this principle and highlights the fact that HDL functionality, as dictated by its proteome and lipidome, also plays an important role in protecting against metabolic disorders. Recent data indicate that HDL-C levels and HDL particle functionality are correlated with the pathogenesis and prognosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus, a major risk factor for CVD. Hyperglycaemia leads to reduced HDL-C levels and deteriorated HDL functionality, via various alterations in HDL particles' proteome and lipidome. In turn, reduced HDL-C levels and impaired HDL functionality impact the performance of key organs related to glucose homeostasis, such as pancreas and skeletal muscles. Interestingly, different structural alterations in HDL correlate with distinct metabolic abnormalities, as indicated by recent data evaluating the role of apolipoprotein A1 and lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase deficiency in glucose homeostasis. While it is becoming evident that not all HDL disturbances are causatively associated with the development and progression of type 2 diabetes, a bidirectional correlation between these two conditions exists, leading to a perpetual self-feeding cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Xepapadaki
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, Rio Achaias, Greece
| | - Ioanna Nikdima
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, Rio Achaias, Greece
| | - Eleftheria C Sagiadinou
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, Rio Achaias, Greece
| | - Evangelia Zvintzou
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, Rio Achaias, Greece
| | - Kyriakos E Kypreos
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, Rio Achaias, Greece.
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Sciences, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus.
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24
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Taavela J, Viiri K, Välimäki A, Sarin J, Salonoja K, Mäki M, Isola J. Apolipoprotein A4 Defines the Villus-Crypt Border in Duodenal Specimens for Celiac Disease Morphometry. Front Immunol 2021; 12:713854. [PMID: 34394117 PMCID: PMC8358775 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.713854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Histological evaluation of the small intestinal mucosa is the cornerstone of celiac disease diagnostics and an important outcome in scientific studies. Gluten-dependent injury can be evaluated either with quantitative morphometry or grouped classifications. A drawback of mucosal readings is the subjective assessment of the border where the crypt epithelium changes to the differentiated villus epithelium. We studied potential immunohistochemical markers for the detection of the villus-crypt border: apolipoprotein A4 (APOA4), Ki-67, glucose transporter 2, keratin 20, cytochrome P450 3A4 and intestinal fatty-acid binding protein. Among these, villus-specific APOA4 was chosen as the best candidate for further studies. Hematoxylin-eosin (H&E)- and APOA4 stained duodenal biopsy specimens from 74 adult patients were evaluated by five observers to determine the villus-to-crypt ratio (VH : CrD). APOA4 delineated the villus to crypt epithelium transition clearly, and the correlation coefficient of VH : CrD values between APOA4 and H&E was excellent (r=0.962). The VH : CrD values were lower in APOA4 staining (p<0.001) and a conversion factor of 0.2 in VH : CrD measurements was observed to make the two methods comparable to each other. In the intraobserver analysis, the doubled standard deviations, representing the error ranges, were 0.528 for H&E and 0.388 for APOA4 staining, and the ICCs were 0.980 and 0.971, respectively. In the interobserver analysis, the average error ranges were 1.017 for H&E and 0.847 for APOA4 staining, and the ICCs were better for APOA4 than for H&E staining in all analyses. In conclusion, the reliability and reproducibility of morphometrical VH : CrD readings are improved with the use of APOA4 staining.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juha Taavela
- Central Finland Central Hospital, Jyväskylä, Finland.,Celiac Disease Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Keijo Viiri
- Celiac Disease Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Anna Välimäki
- Fimlab Laboratories Inc, Tampere, Finland.,Jilab Inc, Tampere, Finland
| | | | | | - Markku Mäki
- Celiac Disease Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.,Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Jorma Isola
- Jilab Inc, Tampere, Finland.,Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
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25
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Ura B, Biffi S, Monasta L, Arrigoni G, Battisti I, Di Lorenzo G, Romano F, Aloisio M, Celsi F, Addobbati R, Valle F, Rampazzo E, Brucale M, Ridolfi A, Licastro D, Ricci G. Two Dimensional-Difference in Gel Electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) Proteomic Approach for the Identification of Biomarkers in Endometrial Cancer Serum. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13143639. [PMID: 34298850 PMCID: PMC8305989 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13143639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecologic malignancy arising from the endometrium. Identification of serum biomarkers could be beneficial for its early diagnosis. We have used 2D-Difference In Gel Electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) coupled with Mass Spectrometry (MS) procedures to investigate the serum proteome of 15 patients with endometrial cancer and 15 non-cancer subjects. We have identified 16 proteins with diagnostic potential, considering only spots with a fold change in %V ≥ 1.5 or ≤0.6 in intensity, which were statistically significant (p < 0.05). Western blotting data analysis confirmed the upregulation of CLU, ITIH4, SERPINC1, and C1RL in endometrial and exosome cancer sera compared to those of control subjects. The application of the logistic regression constructed based on the abundance of these four proteins separated the controls from the cancers with excellent levels of sensitivity and specificity. After a validation phase, our findings support the potential of using the proposed algorithm as a diagnostic tool in the clinical stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blendi Ura
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (S.B.); (L.M.); (G.D.L.); (F.R.); (M.A.); (F.C.); (R.A.); (G.R.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Stefania Biffi
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (S.B.); (L.M.); (G.D.L.); (F.R.); (M.A.); (F.C.); (R.A.); (G.R.)
| | - Lorenzo Monasta
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (S.B.); (L.M.); (G.D.L.); (F.R.); (M.A.); (F.C.); (R.A.); (G.R.)
| | - Giorgio Arrigoni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; (G.A.); (I.B.)
- Proteomics Center, University of Padova and Azienda Ospedaliera di Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
- CRIBI Biotechnology Center, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Ilaria Battisti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; (G.A.); (I.B.)
- Proteomics Center, University of Padova and Azienda Ospedaliera di Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Giovanni Di Lorenzo
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (S.B.); (L.M.); (G.D.L.); (F.R.); (M.A.); (F.C.); (R.A.); (G.R.)
| | - Federico Romano
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (S.B.); (L.M.); (G.D.L.); (F.R.); (M.A.); (F.C.); (R.A.); (G.R.)
| | - Michelangelo Aloisio
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (S.B.); (L.M.); (G.D.L.); (F.R.); (M.A.); (F.C.); (R.A.); (G.R.)
| | - Fulvio Celsi
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (S.B.); (L.M.); (G.D.L.); (F.R.); (M.A.); (F.C.); (R.A.); (G.R.)
| | - Riccardo Addobbati
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (S.B.); (L.M.); (G.D.L.); (F.R.); (M.A.); (F.C.); (R.A.); (G.R.)
| | - Francesco Valle
- Consorzio Sistemi a Grande Interfase, Department of Chemistry, University of Firenze, 50019 Firenze, Italy; (F.V.); (M.B.); (A.R.)
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati (CNRISMN), 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Enrico Rampazzo
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Marco Brucale
- Consorzio Sistemi a Grande Interfase, Department of Chemistry, University of Firenze, 50019 Firenze, Italy; (F.V.); (M.B.); (A.R.)
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati (CNRISMN), 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Ridolfi
- Consorzio Sistemi a Grande Interfase, Department of Chemistry, University of Firenze, 50019 Firenze, Italy; (F.V.); (M.B.); (A.R.)
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati (CNRISMN), 40129 Bologna, Italy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Firenze, 50019 Firenze, Italy
| | - Danilo Licastro
- ARGO Laboratorio Genomica ed Epigenomica, AREA Science Park, Basovizza, 34149 Trieste, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Ricci
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (S.B.); (L.M.); (G.D.L.); (F.R.); (M.A.); (F.C.); (R.A.); (G.R.)
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy
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26
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Krumm CS, Xu X, Bare CJ, Holman CD, Kersten S, Dow LE, Lee AH, Cohen DE. Inducible hepatic expression of CREBH mitigates diet-induced obesity, insulin resistance, and hepatic steatosis in mice. J Biol Chem 2021; 297:100815. [PMID: 34023388 PMCID: PMC8246594 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein H (CREBH encoded by Creb3l3) is a transcription factor that regulates the expression of genes that control lipid and glucose metabolism as well as inflammation. CREBH is upregulated in the liver under conditions of overnutrition, and mice globally lacking the gene (CREBH-/-) are highly susceptible to diet-induced obesity, insulin resistance, and hepatic steatosis. The net protective effects of CREBH have been attributed in large part to the activities of fibroblast growth factor (Fgf)-21 (Fgf21), a target gene that promotes weight loss, improves glucose homeostasis, and reduces hepatic lipid accumulation. To explore the possibility that activation of the CREBH-Fgf21 axis could ameliorate established effects of high-fat feeding, we generated an inducible transgenic hepatocyte-specific CREBH overexpression mouse model (Tg-rtTA). Acute overexpression of CREBH in livers of Tg-rtTA mice effectively reversed diet-induced obesity, insulin resistance, and hepatic steatosis. These changes were associated with increased activities of thermogenic brown and beige adipose tissues in Tg-rtTA mice, leading to reductions in fat mass, along with enhanced insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance. Genetically silencing Fgf21 in Tg-rtTA mice abrogated the CREBH-mediated reductions in body weight loss, but only partially reversed the observed improvements in glucose metabolism. These findings reveal that the protective effects of CREBH activation may be leveraged to mitigate diet-induced obesity and associated metabolic abnormalities in both Fgf21-dependent and Fgf21-independent pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher S Krumm
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Joan & Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Xu Xu
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Joan & Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Curtis J Bare
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Joan & Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Corey D Holman
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Joan & Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Sander Kersten
- Nutrition, Metabolism, and Genomics Group, Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Lukas E Dow
- Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Joan & Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ann-Hwee Lee
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - David E Cohen
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Joan & Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA.
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Novel proteins associated with chronic intermittent hypoxia and obstructive sleep apnea: From rat model to clinical evidence. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0253943. [PMID: 34185819 PMCID: PMC8241050 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0253943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To screen for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) biomarkers, isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ)-labeled quantitative proteomics assay was used to identify differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) during chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH). METHOD The iTRAQ technique was applied to compare DEPs in the serum of a CIH rat model and control group. Biological analysis of DEPs was performed using Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia to explore related biological functions and signaling pathways. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed to validate their expression in sera from patients with OSA and CIH rats. RESULTS Twenty-three DEPs (fold change ≥1.2 or ≤0.833, p<0.05) were identified, and two DEPs (unique peptides>3 and higher coverage) were further verified by ELISA in the CIH rat model and OSA subject: apolipoprotein A-IV (APOA4, p<0.05) and Tubulin alpha-1A chain (TUBA1A, p<0.05). Both groups showed significant differences in the expression levels of DEPs between the CIH and control groups and the severe OSA and non-OSA groups. APOA4 was found to be upregulated and TUBA1A downregulated in both the sera from OSA patients and CIH rats, on comparing proteomics results with clinical results. There were two pathways that involved three DEPs, the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway (p<0.05) and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction (p<0.05). CONCLUSION APOA4 and TUBA1A may be potential novel biomarkers for CIH and OSA, and may play an important role in the development of OSA complications.
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Qu J, Fourman S, Fitzgerald M, Liu M, Nair S, Oses-Prieto J, Burlingame A, Morris JH, Davidson WS, Tso P, Bhargava A. Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1) is a novel receptor for apolipoprotein A4 (APOA4) in adipose tissue. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13289. [PMID: 34168225 PMCID: PMC8225859 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92711-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Apolipoprotein A4 (APOA4) is one of the most abundant and versatile apolipoproteins facilitating lipid transport and metabolism. APOA4 is synthesized in the small intestine, packaged onto chylomicrons, secreted into intestinal lymph and transported via circulation to several tissues, including adipose. Since its discovery nearly 4 decades ago, to date, only platelet integrin αIIbβ3 has been identified as APOA4 receptor in the plasma. Using co-immunoprecipitation coupled with mass spectrometry, we probed the APOA4 interactome in mouse gonadal fat tissue, where ApoA4 gene is not transcribed but APOA4 protein is abundant. We demonstrate that lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1) is the cognate receptor for APOA4 in adipose tissue. LRP1 colocalized with APOA4 in adipocytes; it interacted with APOA4 under fasting condition and their interaction was enhanced during lipid feeding concomitant with increased APOA4 levels in plasma. In 3T3-L1 mature adipocytes, APOA4 promoted glucose uptake both in absence and presence of insulin in a dose-dependent manner. Knockdown of LRP1 abrogated APOA4-induced glucose uptake as well as activation of phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K)-mediated protein kinase B (AKT). Taken together, we identified LRP1 as a novel receptor for APOA4 in promoting glucose uptake. Considering both APOA4 and LRP1 are multifunctional players in lipid and glucose metabolism, our finding opens up a door to better understand the molecular mechanisms along APOA4-LRP1 axis, whose dysregulation leads to obesity, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Qu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 2180 E Galbraith Road, Cincinnati, 45237-0507, USA
| | - Sarah Fourman
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 2180 E Galbraith Road, Cincinnati, 45237-0507, USA
| | - Maureen Fitzgerald
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 2180 E Galbraith Road, Cincinnati, 45237-0507, USA
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 2180 E Galbraith Road, Cincinnati, 45237-0507, USA
| | - Supna Nair
- Departments of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, 600 16th Street, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Juan Oses-Prieto
- Departments of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, 600 16th Street, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Alma Burlingame
- Departments of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, 600 16th Street, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - John H Morris
- Departments of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, 600 16th Street, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - W Sean Davidson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 2180 E Galbraith Road, Cincinnati, 45237-0507, USA
| | - Patrick Tso
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 2180 E Galbraith Road, Cincinnati, 45237-0507, USA
| | - Aditi Bhargava
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Avenue, Rm HSE1636, San Francisco, CA, 94143-0556, USA.
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Liao X, Zhang C, Liu Z, Gao F. Label-free electrochemical homogeneous detection of the depression marker human apolipoprotein A4 based on proximity hybridization triggered rolling circle amplification. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 183:2305-2313. [PMID: 34111486 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we developed a label-free homogeneous electrochemical sensor for detection of apolipoprotein A4 based on proximity hybridization triggered rolling circle amplification induced G-quadruplex formation. The presence of apolipoprotein A4 promoted the formation of a proximate complex via the proximity hybridization of the aptamer DNA strands, which unfolded the molecular beacon, the stem part of molecular beacon as a primer to initiate the RCA process. Thus, with the electrochemical indicator hemin selectively intercalated into the multiple G-quadruplexes, a significant electrochemical signal drop is observed, which is dependent on the concentration of the target apolipoprotein A4. Thus, using this "signal-off" mode, label-free homogeneous electrochemical strategy for sensitive apolipoprotein A4 assay with a wide range from 1 pg mL-1 to 100 ng mL-1, with a low detection limit of 0.51 pg mL-1. And it rendered satisfactory analytical performance for the determination of apolipoprotein A4 in serum samples. Furthermore, this method also exhibits additional advantages of simplicity and low cost, since both expensive labeling and sophisticated probe immobilization processes are avoided. The satisfactory results indicated that the proposed sensor had promising potential in the clinical diagnosis of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianjiu Liao
- West Guangxi Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of High-Incidence Diseases, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, 533000 Baise, China
| | - Caiyi Zhang
- The Affiliated Xuzhou Oriental Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 221004 Xuzhou, China
| | - Zhao Liu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.
| | - Fenglei Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, 221004 Xuzhou, China; Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.
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Li M, Yang X, Sun L, Qing Y, Hu X, Jiang J, Wang D, Cui G, Gao Y, Zhang E, Zhang J, Yang Y, Wan C. Decreased serum apolipoprotein A4 as a potential peripheral biomarker for patients with schizophrenia. J Psychiatr Res 2021; 137:14-21. [PMID: 33640722 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Recent evidence supports an association between lipid metabolism dysfunction and the pathology of schizophrenia which has led to the search for peripheral blood-based biomarkers. The purpose of this study was to investigate the proteins involved in lipid metabolism (especially apolipoprotein) and to explore their potential as biomarkers for schizophrenia. Using multiple reaction monitoring mass spectrometry (MRM-MS), we quantified 22 proteins in serum samples of 109 healthy controls (HCs) and 111 patients with schizophrenia (SCZ), who were divided into discovery and validation sets. We found serum apolipoprotein A4 (ApoA4) to be significantly decreased in SCZ patients compared to HCs (p=1.61E-05). Moreover, the serum ApoA4 level served as an effective diagnostic tool, achieving area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUROC) of 0.840 in the discovery set and 0.791 in the validation set. Additionally, apolipoprotein F (ApoF), angiotensinogen (AGT), and alpha1-antichymotrypsin (ACT) levels were significantly higher in patients with schizophrenia than in healthy controls. These proteins combined with ApoA4, provided higher diagnostic accuracy for schizophrenia in the discovery set (AUROC=0.901) and in the validation set (AUROC=0.879). Our results suggest that the serum level of ApoA4 is a novel potential biomarker for schizophrenia. The proteins identified in this study expand the pool of biomarker candidates for schizophrenia and may be linked to the underlying mechanism of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghui Li
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuhan Yang
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liya Sun
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Qing
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaowen Hu
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Jiang
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dandan Wang
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gaoping Cui
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Gao
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - En Zhang
- The Fourth People's Hospital of Wuhu, Wuhu, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Yang
- Suzhou Guangji Hospital, Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
| | - Chunling Wan
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychiatry Disorders, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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Cochran BJ, Ong KL, Manandhar B, Rye KA. High Density Lipoproteins and Diabetes. Cells 2021; 10:cells10040850. [PMID: 33918571 PMCID: PMC8069617 DOI: 10.3390/cells10040850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have established that a high plasma high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) level is associated with reduced cardiovascular risk. However, recent randomised clinical trials of interventions that increase HDL-C levels have failed to establish a causal basis for this relationship. This has led to a shift in HDL research efforts towards developing strategies that improve the cardioprotective functions of HDLs, rather than simply increasing HDL-C levels. These efforts are also leading to the discovery of novel HDL functions that are unrelated to cardiovascular disease. One of the most recently identified functions of HDLs is their potent antidiabetic properties. The antidiabetic functions of HDLs, and recent key advances in this area are the subject of this review. Given that all forms of diabetes are increasing at an alarming rate globally, there is a clear unmet need to identify and develop new approaches that will complement existing therapies and reduce disease progression as well as reverse established disease. Exploration of a potential role for HDLs and their constituent lipids and apolipoproteins in this area is clearly warranted. This review highlights focus areas that have yet to be investigated and potential strategies for exploiting the antidiabetic functions of HDLs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Kerry-Anne Rye
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-2-9385-1219; Fax: +61-2-9385-1389
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Abstract
Clinical laboratory tests are a critical component of the continuum of care. We evaluate the genetic basis of 35 blood and urine laboratory measurements in the UK Biobank (n = 363,228 individuals). We identify 1,857 loci associated with at least one trait, containing 3,374 fine-mapped associations and additional sets of large-effect (>0.1 s.d.) protein-altering, human leukocyte antigen (HLA) and copy number variant (CNV) associations. Through Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis, we discover 51 causal relationships, including previously known agonistic effects of urate on gout and cystatin C on stroke. Finally, we develop polygenic risk scores (PRSs) for each biomarker and build 'multi-PRS' models for diseases using 35 PRSs simultaneously, which improved chronic kidney disease, type 2 diabetes, gout and alcoholic cirrhosis genetic risk stratification in an independent dataset (FinnGen; n = 135,500) relative to single-disease PRSs. Together, our results delineate the genetic basis of biomarkers and their causal influences on diseases and improve genetic risk stratification for common diseases.
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Gong P, Jing Y, Liu Y, Wang L, Wu C, Du Z, Li H. Whole-genome bisulfite sequencing of abdominal adipose reveals DNA methylation pattern variations in broiler lines divergently selected for fatness. J Anim Sci 2021; 99:skaa408. [PMID: 33373456 PMCID: PMC8611762 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skaa408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The methylation status of pivotal genes involved in fat deposition in chickens has been extensively studied. However, the whole-genome DNA methylation profiles of broiler abdominal adipose tissue remain poorly understood. Using whole-genome bisulfite sequencing, we generated DNA methylation profiles of chicken abdominal adipose tissue from Northeast Agricultural University broiler lines divergently selected for abdominal fat content. We aimed to explore whether DNA methylation was associated with abdominal fat deposition in broilers. The whole-genome DNA methylation profiles of fat- and lean-line broilers abdominal adipose tissue were constructed. The DNA methylation levels of functional genomic regions in the fat broiler were higher than those in the lean broiler, especially in the 3' untranslated regions (UTRs) and exons in the non-CG contexts. Additionally, we identified 29,631 differentially methylated regions and, subsequently, annotated 6,484 and 2,016 differentially methylated genes (DMGs) in the gene body and promoter regions between the two lines, respectively. Functional annotation showed that the DMGs in promoter regions were significantly enriched mainly in the triglyceride catabolic process, lipid metabolism-related pathways, and extracellular matrix signal pathways. When the DMG in promoter regions and differentially expressed genes were integrated, we identified 30 genes with DNA methylation levels that negatively correlated with their messenger RNA (mRNA) expression, of which CMSS1 reached significant levels (false discovery rate < 0.05). These 30 genes were mainly involved in fatty acid metabolism, peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor signaling, Wnt signaling pathways, transmembrane transport, RNA degradation, and glycosaminoglycan degradation. Comparing the DNA methylation profiles between fat- and lean-line broilers demonstrated that DNA methylation is involved in regulating broiler abdominal fat deposition. Our study offers a basis for further exploring the underlying mechanisms of abdominal adipose deposition in broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Gong
- Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and
Rural Affairs, Harbin, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education
Department of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, P.R.
China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural
University, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Yang Jing
- Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and
Rural Affairs, Harbin, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education
Department of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, P.R.
China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural
University, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Yumeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and
Rural Affairs, Harbin, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education
Department of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, P.R.
China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural
University, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Lijian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and
Rural Affairs, Harbin, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education
Department of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, P.R.
China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural
University, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Chunyan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and
Rural Affairs, Harbin, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education
Department of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, P.R.
China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural
University, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Zhiqiang Du
- Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and
Rural Affairs, Harbin, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education
Department of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, P.R.
China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural
University, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Hui Li
- Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and
Rural Affairs, Harbin, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education
Department of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, P.R.
China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural
University, Harbin, P.R. China
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Kao SST, Bassiouni A, Ramezanpour M, Finnie J, Chegeni N, Colella AD, Chataway TK, Wormald PJ, Vreugde S, Psaltis AJ. Proteomic analysis of nasal mucus samples of healthy patients and patients with chronic rhinosinusitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2020; 147:168-178. [PMID: 32750382 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2020.06.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) has a complex and multifactorial pathogenesis with a heterogeneous inflammatory profile. Proteomic analysis of nasal mucus may enable further understanding of protein abundances and biologic processes present in CRS and its endotypes compared with in healthy patients. OBJECTIVE Our aim was to determine differences in the nasal mucus proteome of healthy patients and patients with CRS. METHODS Nasal mucus was obtained from healthy patients, patients with CRS without nasal polyps (CRSsNP), and patients with CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) before surgery. Gel electrophoresis was performed to fractionate the complex protein extracts before mass spectrometry analysis. Gene set enrichment analysis was performed on differentially expressed proteins. RESULTS A total of 33 patients were included in this study (12 healthy, 10 with CRSsNP, and 11 with CRSwNP). In all, 1142 proteins were identified in mucus samples from healthy patients, 761 in mucus samples from patients with CRSsNP, and 998 in mucus samples from patients with CRSwNP. Dysfunction in immunologic pathways, reduced cellular signaling, and increased cellular metabolism with associated tissue remodeling pathways were present in patients with CRS compared with in healthy patients. CONCLUSION Significant downregulation of mucosal immunity and antioxidant pathways with increased tissue modeling processes may account for the clinical manifestations of CRS. Ultimately, the differing proteome and biologic processes provide further insight into CRS pathogenesis and its endotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Shih-Teng Kao
- Department of Surgery-Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Adelaide, Woodville South, Australia
| | - Ahmed Bassiouni
- Department of Surgery-Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Adelaide, Woodville South, Australia
| | - Mahnaz Ramezanpour
- Department of Surgery-Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Adelaide, Woodville South, Australia
| | - John Finnie
- Discipline of Anatomy and Pathology, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide and South Australia Pathology, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Nusha Chegeni
- Discipline of Anatomy and Pathology, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide and South Australia Pathology, Adelaide, Australia; Flinders Proteomic Facility, Department of Human Physiology, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Australia
| | - Alex D Colella
- Discipline of Anatomy and Pathology, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide and South Australia Pathology, Adelaide, Australia; Flinders Proteomic Facility, Department of Human Physiology, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Australia
| | - Timothy K Chataway
- Discipline of Anatomy and Pathology, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide and South Australia Pathology, Adelaide, Australia; Flinders Proteomic Facility, Department of Human Physiology, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Australia
| | - Peter-John Wormald
- Department of Surgery-Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Adelaide, Woodville South, Australia
| | - Sarah Vreugde
- Department of Surgery-Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Adelaide, Woodville South, Australia
| | - Alkis James Psaltis
- Department of Surgery-Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Adelaide, Woodville South, Australia.
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Sun B, Li D, Hou X, Li W, Gou Y, Hu F, Li W, Shi X. A novel electrochemical immunosensor for the highly sensitive and selective detection of the depression marker human apolipoprotein A4. Bioelectrochemistry 2020; 135:107542. [PMID: 32388438 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2020.107542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The fabrication of electrochemical biosensors to directly, rapidly and ultrasensitively detect disease markers in urine or blood samples has become a new and competitive challenge in the field of sensor research. In this paper, a novel electrochemical immunosensor with high selectivity and sensitivity for the detection of the depression marker human apolipoprotein A4 (Apo-A4) was successfully constructed using zeolite imidazole ester metal organic skeleton-nitrogen doped graphene composites (ZIF-8@N-Gr). To this end, because of the higher surface area and biocompatibility, ZIF-8 with abundant biomolecular binding sites provided a good microenvironment for effectively immobilizing antigens. ZIF-8@N-Gr presented a flake structure, as the electrode displayed excellent electrical conductivity, which enhanced the electron transfer and significantly amplified the current signal of the immunosensor. More importantly, these immunosensors are capable of assaying human apolipoprotein A4 (Apo-A4) in 100% serum without suffering from any significant biological interference. Under optimized experimental conditions, the sensor was used for the analysis of whole serum samples and presented a wide linear range from 1.47 × 10-10 g/mL to 3.00 × 10-7 g/mL with a low detection limit of 8.33 × 10-11 g/mL (3σ, n = 15). The satisfactory results of human serum sample analysis indicated that the proposed immunosensor had promising potential in the clinical diagnosis of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bolu Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Dai Li
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xiaohui Hou
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Wuyan Li
- Center for Inflammation, Translational and Clinical Lung Research, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yuqiang Gou
- Center for Disease Prevention and Control in Northwest Theater of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Fangdi Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Wen Li
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Xiaofeng Shi
- Gansu Academy of Medical Science, Xiaoxihu East Street, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730050, China.
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Zhu Q, Weng J, Shen M, Fish J, Shen Z, Coschigano KT, Davidson WS, Tso P, Shi H, Lo CC. Apolipoprotein A-IV Enhances Fatty Acid Uptake by Adipose Tissues of Male Mice via Sympathetic Activation. Endocrinology 2020; 161:5802681. [PMID: 32157301 PMCID: PMC7100924 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqaa042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Apolipoprotein A-IV (ApoA-IV) synthesized by the gut regulates lipid metabolism. Sympathetic innervation of adipose tissues also controls lipid metabolism. We hypothesized that ApoA-IV required sympathetic innervation to increase fatty acid (FA) uptake by adipose tissues and brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis. After 3 weeks feeding of either a standard chow diet or a high-fat diet (HFD), mice with unilateral denervation of adipose tissues received intraperitoneal administration of recombinant ApoA-IV protein and intravenous infusion of lipid mixture with radioactive triolein. In chow-fed mice, ApoA-IV administration increased FA uptake by intact BAT but not the contralateral denervated BAT or intact white adipose tissue (WAT). Immunoblots showed that, in chow-fed mice, ApoA-IV increased expression of lipoprotein lipase and tyrosine hydroxylase in both intact BAT and inguinal WAT (IWAT), while ApoA-IV enhanced protein levels of β3 adrenergic receptor, adipose triglyceride lipase, and uncoupling protein 1 in the intact BAT only. In HFD-fed mice, ApoA-IV elevated FA uptake by intact epididymal WAT (EWAT) but not intact BAT or IWAT. ApoA-IV increased sympathetic activity assessed by norepinephrine turnover (NETO) rate in BAT and EWAT of chow-fed mice, whereas it elevated NETO only in EWAT of HFD-fed mice. These observations suggest that, in chow-fed mice, ApoA-IV activates sympathetic activity of BAT and increases FA uptake by BAT via innervation, while in HFD-fed mice, ApoA-IV stimulates sympathetic activity of EWAT to shunt FAs into the EWAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhu
- Department of Biology, Miami University, Oxford, OH
| | - Jonathan Weng
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Diabetes Institute, Ohio University Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Athens, OH
| | - Minqian Shen
- Department of Biology, Miami University, Oxford, OH
| | - Jace Fish
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Diabetes Institute, Ohio University Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Athens, OH
| | - Zhujun Shen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Diabetes Institute, Ohio University Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Athens, OH
| | - Karen T Coschigano
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Diabetes Institute, Ohio University Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Athens, OH
| | - W Sean Davidson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Patrick Tso
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Haifei Shi
- Department of Biology, Miami University, Oxford, OH
| | - Chunmin C Lo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Diabetes Institute, Ohio University Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Athens, OH
- Correspondence: Chunmin C Lo, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Irvine Hall 228, 1 Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701-2979. E-mail:
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Temporal Dynamics of High-Density Lipoprotein Proteome in Diet-Controlled Subjects with Type 2 Diabetes. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10040520. [PMID: 32235466 PMCID: PMC7226298 DOI: 10.3390/biom10040520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We examined the effect of mild hyperglycemia on high-density lipoprotein (HDL) metabolism and kinetics in diet-controlled subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2D). 2H2O-labeling coupled with mass spectrometry was applied to quantify HDL cholesterol turnover and HDL proteome dynamics in subjects with T2D (n = 9) and age- and BMI-matched healthy controls (n = 8). The activities of lecithin–cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT), cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP), and the proinflammatory index of HDL were quantified. Plasma adiponectin levels were reduced in subjects with T2D, which was directly associated with suppressed ABCA1-dependent cholesterol efflux capacity of HDL. The fractional catabolic rates of HDL cholesterol, apolipoprotein A-II (ApoA-II), ApoJ, ApoA-IV, transthyretin, complement C3, and vitamin D-binding protein (all p < 0.05) were increased in subjects with T2D. Despite increased HDL flux of acute-phase HDL proteins, there was no change in the proinflammatory index of HDL. Although LCAT and CETP activities were not affected in subjects with T2D, LCAT was inversely associated with blood glucose and CETP was inversely associated with plasma adiponectin. The degradation rates of ApoA-II and ApoA-IV were correlated with hemoglobin A1c. In conclusion, there were in vivo impairments in HDL proteome dynamics and HDL metabolism in diet-controlled patients with T2D.
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Regulation of intestinal lipid metabolism: current concepts and relevance to disease. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020; 17:169-183. [PMID: 32015520 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-019-0250-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 223] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Lipids entering the gastrointestinal tract include dietary lipids (triacylglycerols, cholesteryl esters and phospholipids) and endogenous lipids from bile (phospholipids and cholesterol) and from shed intestinal epithelial cells (enterocytes). Here, we comprehensively review the digestion, uptake and intracellular re-synthesis of intestinal lipids as well as their packaging into pre-chylomicrons in the endoplasmic reticulum, their modification in the Golgi apparatus and the exocytosis of the chylomicrons into the lamina propria and subsequently to lymph. We also discuss other fates of intestinal lipids, including intestinal HDL and VLDL secretion, cytosolic lipid droplets and fatty acid oxidation. In addition, we highlight the applicability of these findings to human disease and the development of therapeutics targeting lipid metabolism. Finally, we explore the emerging role of the gut microbiota in modulating intestinal lipid metabolism and outline key questions for future research.
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Advanced Glycated apoA-IV Loses Its Ability to Prevent the LPS-Induced Reduction in Cholesterol Efflux-Related Gene Expression in Macrophages. Mediators Inflamm 2020; 2020:6515401. [PMID: 32410861 PMCID: PMC7201780 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6515401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We addressed how advanced glycation (AGE) affects the ability of apoA-IV to impair inflammation and restore the expression of genes involved in cholesterol efflux in lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) treated macrophages. Recombinant human apoA-IV was nonenzymatically glycated by incubation with glycolaldehyde (GAD), incubated with cholesterol-loaded bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs), and then stimulated with LPS prior to measurement of proinflammatory cytokines by ELISA. Genes involved in cholesterol efflux were quantified by RT-qPCR, and cholesterol efflux was measured by liquid scintillation counting. Carboxymethyllysine (CML) and pyrraline (PYR) levels, determined by Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), were greater in AGE-modified apoA-IV (AGE-apoA-IV) compared to unmodified-apoA-IV. AGE-apoA-IV inhibited expression of interleukin 6 (Il6), TNF-alpha (Tnf), IL-1 beta (Il1b), toll-like receptor 4 (Tlr4), tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (Traf6), Janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Jak2/Stat3), nuclear factor kappa B (Nfkb), and AGE receptor 1 (Ddost) as well as IL-6 and TNF-alpha secretion. AGE-apoA-IV alone did not change cholesterol efflux or ABCA-1 levels but was unable to restore the LPS-induced reduction in expression of Abca1 and Abcg1. AGE-apoA-IV inhibited inflammation but lost its ability to counteract the LPS-induced changes in expression of genes involved in macrophage cholesterol efflux that may contribute to atherosclerosis.
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Yang N, Yu L, Deng Y, Han Q, Wang J, Yu L, Zhai Z, Li W. Identification and characterization of proteins that are differentially expressed in adipose tissue of olanzapine-induced insulin resistance rat by iTRAQ quantitative proteomics. J Proteomics 2019; 212:103570. [PMID: 31706944 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2019.103570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Olanzapine is commonly used to treat schizophrenia. However, long-term administration of olanzapine causes metabolic side effects, such as insulin resistance (IR), which seriously affects patients' quality of life. Both diagnostic and prognostic markers are urgently needed to increase patient compliance. We applied isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) labeling combined with 2D LC/MS/MS technology to identify the differentially expressed proteins in olanzapine-induced IR rats. A total of 3194 proteins were identified from rat adipose tissues, and 270 differentially expressed proteins were screened out with a ratio threshold >1.5-fold or <0.67-fold. Based on a bioinformatics analysis and literature search, we selected six candidates (MYH1, MYL2, Cp, FABP4, apoA-IV, and Ywhaz) from a set of 270 proteins and verified these proteins by western blot; the expression of these proteins coincided with the LC-MS/MS results. Finally, the biological roles of FABP4 and apoA-IV, which are two novel IR-related proteins identified in the present study, were verified in 3T3-L1 cells. These data suggest that these two proteins acted on olanzapine-induced IR via the IRS-1/AKT signaling pathway. Our results provide a dataset of potential targets to explore the mechanism in olanzapine-induced IR and reveal the new roles of FABP4 and apoA-IV in olanzapine-induced IR. SIGNIFICANCE: The proteomic analysis of this study revealed the target associated with olanzapine-induced IR and provided relevant insights into the molecular functions, biological processes, and signaling pathways in these targets. Protein MYH1, MYL2, Cp, FABP4, apoA-IV, and Ywhaz may be potential biomarkers, and protein FABP4 and apoA-IV were considered as promising targets in olanzapineinduced IR. Therefore, if the performance of the proposed biomarkers is further confirmed, these proteins can provide powerful targets for exploring the mechanism of olanzapine-induced IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ni Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Liangyu Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yahui Deng
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Qiangqiang Han
- Building B5, Biolake, East Lake New Technology Development Zone, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lixiu Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhongfang Zhai
- Shanghai City shanghai general hospital, No. 650 Xinsongjiang Road, Songjiang District, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiyong Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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Obinata H, Kuo A, Wada Y, Swendeman S, Liu CH, Blaho VA, Nagumo R, Satoh K, Izumi T, Hla T. Identification of ApoA4 as a sphingosine 1-phosphate chaperone in ApoM- and albumin-deficient mice. J Lipid Res 2019; 60:1912-1921. [PMID: 31462513 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.ra119000277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
HDL-bound ApoM and albumin are protein chaperones for the circulating bioactive lipid, sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P); in this role, they support essential extracellular S1P signaling functions in the vascular and immune systems. We previously showed that ApoM- and albumin-bound S1P exhibit differences in receptor activation and biological functions. Whether the physiological functions of S1P require chaperones is not clear. We examined ApoM-deficient, albumin-deficient, and double-KO (DKO) mice for circulatory S1P and its biological functions. In albumin-deficient mice, ApoM was upregulated, thus enabling S1P functions in embryonic development and postnatal adult life. The Apom:Alb DKO mice reproduced, were viable, and exhibited largely normal vascular and immune functions, which suggested sufficient extracellular S1P signaling. However, Apom:Alb DKO mice had reduced levels (∼25%) of plasma S1P, suggesting that novel S1P chaperones exist to mediate S1P functions. In this study, we report the identification of ApoA4 as a novel S1P binding protein. Recombinant ApoA4 bound to S1P, activated multiple S1P receptors, and promoted vascular endothelial barrier function, all reflective of its function as a S1P chaperone in the absence of ApoM and albumin. We suggest that multiple S1P chaperones evolved to support complex and essential extracellular signaling functions of this lysolipid mediator in a redundant manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideru Obinata
- Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Andrew Kuo
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Yukata Wada
- Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Steven Swendeman
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Catherine H Liu
- Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY 10065
| | - Victoria A Blaho
- Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY 10065
| | - Rieko Nagumo
- Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | | | - Takashi Izumi
- Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Timothy Hla
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
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Wang Z, Wang L, Zhang Z, Feng L, Song X, Wu J. Apolipoprotein A-IV involves in glucose and lipid metabolism of rat. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2019; 16:41. [PMID: 31303888 PMCID: PMC6604154 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-019-0367-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Apolipoprotein A-IV (ApoA-IV) exists in relatively high levels in the circulation systems of animals, but its roles are not fully elucidated. It is known that the Apoa4 gene resides in the cluster Apoa1/Apoc3/Apoa4. Because of a short intergenic sequence between Apoc3 and Apoa4, a previous ApoA-IV knockout mouse model by gene targeting had an accompanying deficiency in ApoC-III expression, which limited its application in investigating the precise roles of ApoA-IV. To solve this problem, we created a specific knockout of ApoA-IV in Sprague-Dawlay rats by TALEN approach. METHODS Age-matched knockout rats and their wild-type littermate controls maintained on a standard rodent diet were studied and blood metabolic parameters were measured. Glucose, insulin, olive oil, and intralipid tolerance tests were performed to study the glucose and lipid metabolism of rats. Quantitative real-time PCR and RNA-seq analysis in liver and inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT) of rats at three ages (18 weeks, 45 weeks and 90 weeks) were performed to identify the genes altered by ApoA-IV knockout. RESULTS ApoA-IV knockout rats were apparently normal and fertile, but exhibited improved glucose clearance when challenged with glucose tolerance test. In addition, fasting-induced hepatic steatosis was more pronounced in ApoA-IV knockout rats. Further analysis identified that a set of hepatic genes involved in glycolysis, gluconeogenesis and de novo lipogenesis were altered in the absence of ApoA-IV, which induced enhanced glycolysis, attenuated gluconeogenesis and elevated de novo lipogenesis. And the RNA-seq results also confirmed that almost all the genes mentioned in the phenotyping section were highly consistent throughout the three studied ages. CONCLUSIONS ApoA-IV functions in an age-independent manner in the modulation of glucose and lipid metabolism of rats, and may serve as a potential linker between hepatic glucose and lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenguo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai, 200031 China
| | - Lu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai, 200031 China
| | - Zhuzhen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai, 200031 China
| | - Li Feng
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai, 200031 China
| | - Xue Song
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai, 200031 China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 100 Haike Road, Shanghai, 201210 China
| | - Jiarui Wu
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai, 200031 China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 100 Haike Road, Shanghai, 201210 China
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43
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Pence S, Zhu Q, Binne E, Liu M, Shi H, Lo CC. Reduced Diet-induced Thermogenesis in Apolipoprotein A-IV Deficient Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E3176. [PMID: 31261740 PMCID: PMC6651278 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20133176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In the presence of dietary lipids, both apolipoprotein A-IV (ApoA-IV) production and brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis are increased. The effect of dietary lipid-induced AproA-IV on BAT thermogenesis and energy expenditure remains unknown. In the present study, we hypothesized that ApoA-IV knockout (ApoA-IV-KO) mice exhibited decreased BAT thermogenesis to affect energy homeostasis. To test this hypothesis, BAT thermogenesis in wildtype (WT) and ApoA-IV-KO mice fed either a standard low-fat chow diet or a high-fat diet (HFD) was investigated. When fed a chow diet, energy expenditure and food intake were comparable between WT and ApoA-IV-KO mice. After 1 week of HFD consumption, ApoA-IV-KO mice had comparable energy intake but produced lower energy expenditure relative to their WT controls in the dark phase. After an acute feeding of dietary lipids or 1-week HFD feeding, ApoA-IV-KO mice produced lower levels of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) and exhibited reduced expression of thermogenic genes in the BAT compared with WT controls. In response to cold exposure, however, ApoA-IV-KO mice had comparable energy expenditure and BAT temperature relative to WT mice. Thus, ApoA-IV-KO mice exhibited reduced diet-induced BAT thermogenesis and energy expenditure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sydney Pence
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Diabetes Institute and Honor Tutorial College, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA
| | - Qi Zhu
- Department of Biology, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056, USA
| | - Erin Binne
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Diabetes Institute and Honor Tutorial College, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Metabolic Diseases Institute, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45215, USA
| | - Haifei Shi
- Department of Biology, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056, USA
| | - Chunmin C Lo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Diabetes Institute and Honor Tutorial College, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA.
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Poteryaeva ON, Usynin IF. [Antidiabetic role of high density lipoproteins]. BIOMEDIT︠S︡INSKAI︠A︡ KHIMII︠A︡ 2019; 64:463-471. [PMID: 30632974 DOI: 10.18097/pbmc20186406463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Disturbance in lipid metabolism can be both a cause and a consequence of the development of diabetes mellitus (DM). One of the most informative indicator of lipid metabolism is the ratio of atherogenic and antiatherogenic fractions of lipoproteins and their protein components. The review summarizes literature data and own results indicating the important role of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and their main protein component, apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I), in the pathogenesis of type 2 DM. On the one hand, HDL are involved in the regulation of insulin secretion by b-cells and insulin-independent absorption of glucose. On the other hand, insulin resistance and hyperglycemia lead to a decrease in HDL levels and cause modification of their protein component. In addition, HDL, possessing anti-inflammatory and mitogenic properties, provide anti-diabetic protection through systemic mechanisms. Thus, maintaining a high concentration of HDL and apoA-I in blood plasma and preventing their modification are important issues in the context of prevention and treatment of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- O N Poteryaeva
- Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translation Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - I F Usynin
- Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translation Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia
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45
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Qu J, Ko CW, Tso P, Bhargava A. Apolipoprotein A-IV: A Multifunctional Protein Involved in Protection against Atherosclerosis and Diabetes. Cells 2019; 8:E319. [PMID: 30959835 PMCID: PMC6523623 DOI: 10.3390/cells8040319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Apolipoprotein A-IV (apoA-IV) is a lipid-binding protein, which is primarily synthesized in the small intestine, packaged into chylomicrons, and secreted into intestinal lymph during fat absorption. In the circulation, apoA-IV is present on chylomicron remnants, high-density lipoproteins, and also in lipid-free form. ApoA-IV is involved in a myriad of physiological processes such as lipid absorption and metabolism, anti-atherosclerosis, platelet aggregation and thrombosis, glucose homeostasis, and food intake. ApoA-IV deficiency is associated with atherosclerosis and diabetes, which renders it as a potential therapeutic target for treatment of these diseases. While much has been learned about the physiological functions of apoA-IV using rodent models, the action of apoA-IV at the cellular and molecular levels is less understood, let alone apoA-IV-interacting partners. In this review, we will summarize the findings on the molecular function of apoA-IV and apoA-IV-interacting proteins. The information will shed light on the discovery of apoA-IV receptors and the understanding of the molecular mechanism underlying its mode of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Qu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Metabolic Diseases Institute, University of Cincinnati, 2180 E Galbraith Road, Cincinnati, OH 45237-0507, USA.
| | - Chih-Wei Ko
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Metabolic Diseases Institute, University of Cincinnati, 2180 E Galbraith Road, Cincinnati, OH 45237-0507, USA.
| | - Patrick Tso
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Metabolic Diseases Institute, University of Cincinnati, 2180 E Galbraith Road, Cincinnati, OH 45237-0507, USA.
| | - Aditi Bhargava
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, University of California, 513 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94143-0556, USA.
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Wagner R, Dittrich J, Thiery J, Ceglarek U, Burkhardt R. Simultaneous LC/MS/MS quantification of eight apolipoproteins in normal and hypercholesterolemic mouse plasma. J Lipid Res 2019; 60:900-908. [PMID: 30723096 PMCID: PMC6446716 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.d084301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Apolipoproteins are major structural and functional constituents of lipoprotein particles. As modulators of lipid metabolism, adipose tissue biology, and energy homeostasis, apolipoproteins may serve as biomarkers or potential therapeutic targets for cardiometabolic diseases. Mice are the preferred model to study metabolic disease and CVD, but a comprehensive method to quantify circulating apolipoproteins in mice is lacking. We developed and validated a targeted proteomics assay to quantify eight apolipoproteins in mice via proteotypic signature peptides and corresponding stable isotope-labeled analogs. The LC/MS/MS method requires only a 3 µl sample volume to simultaneously determine mouse apoA-I, apoA-II, apoA-IV, apoB-100, total apoB, apoC-I, apoE, and apoJ concentrations. ApoB-48 concentrations can be calculated by subtracting apoB-100 from total apoB. After we established the analytic performance (sensitivity, linearity, and imprecision) and compared results for selected apolipoproteins against immunoassays, we applied the method to profile apolipoprotein levels in plasma and isolated HDL from normocholesterolemic C57BL/6 mice and from hypercholesterolemic Ldl-receptor- and Apoe-deficient mice. In conclusion, we present a robust, quantitative LC/MS/MS method for the multiplexed analysis of eight apolipoproteins in mice. This assay can be applied to investigate the effects of genetic manipulation or dietary interventions on apolipoprotein levels in plasma and isolated lipoprotein fractions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Wagner
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Julia Dittrich
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; LIFE-Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Germany
| | - Joachim Thiery
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; LIFE-Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Germany
| | - Uta Ceglarek
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; LIFE-Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Ralph Burkhardt
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; LIFE-Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Germany; Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
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47
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Peng J, Li XP. Apolipoprotein A-IV: A potential therapeutic target for atherosclerosis. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2018; 139:87-92. [PMID: 30352313 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2018.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Apolipoprotein A-IV is lipid-binding protein, which is synthesized by the intestine and secreted into mesenteric lymph. ApoA-IV is correlated with chylomicrons and high density lipoprotein, but a large portion is free-lipoprotein, in circulation. Studies showed that apoA-IV has anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative properties, and is able to mediate reverse cholesterol transport, which suggest that it may has anti-atherosclerotic effects and be related to protection from atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. This article focus on current studies and the possible anti-atherogenic mechanism related to apoA-IV, in order to provide a new therapeutic target for atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Peng
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Xiang-Ping Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China.
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48
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Sheng Y, Ren H, Limbu SM, Sun Y, Qiao F, Zhai W, Du ZY, Zhang M. The Presence or Absence of Intestinal Microbiota Affects Lipid Deposition and Related Genes Expression in Zebrafish ( Danio rerio). Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1124. [PMID: 29896183 PMCID: PMC5987169 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding how intestinal microbiota alters energy homeostasis and lipid metabolism is a critical process in energy balance and health. However, the exact role of intestinal microbiota in the regulation of lipid metabolism in fish remains unclear. Here, we used two zebrafish models (germ-free and antibiotics-treated zebrafish) to identify the role of intestinal microbiota in lipid metabolism. Conventional and germ-free zebrafish larvae were fed with egg yolk. Transmission electron microscopy was used to detect the presence of lipid droplets in the intestinal epithelium. The results showed that, microbiota increased lipid accumulation in the intestinal epithelium. The mRNA sequencing technology was used to assess genes expression level. We found majority of the differentially expressed genes were related to lipid metabolism. Due to the limitation of germ-free zebrafish larvae, antibiotics-treated zebrafish were also used to identify the relationship between the gut microbiota and the host lipid metabolism. Oil-red staining showed antibiotics-treated zebrafish had less intestinal lipid accumulation than control group. The mRNA expression of genes related to lipid metabolism in liver and intestine was also quantified by using real-time PCR. The results indicated that apoa4, hsl, cox15, slc2a1a, and lss were more related to intestinal bacteria in fish, while the influence of intestinal microbiota on the activity of fabp6, acsl5, cd36, and gpat2 was different between the liver and intestine. This study identified several genes regulated by intestinal microbiota. Furthermore, the advantages and disadvantages of each model have been discussed. This study provides valuable information for exploring host-microbiota interactions in zebrafish in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Sheng
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Ren
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Samwel M Limbu
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Technology, University of Dar es Salaam, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Yuhong Sun
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fang Qiao
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wanying Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen-Yu Du
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meiling Zhang
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
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49
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CREBH Regulates Systemic Glucose and Lipid Metabolism. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19051396. [PMID: 29738435 PMCID: PMC5983805 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19051396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-responsive element-binding protein H (CREBH, encoded by CREB3L3) is a membrane-bound transcriptional factor that primarily localizes in the liver and small intestine. CREBH governs triglyceride metabolism in the liver, which mediates the changes in gene expression governing fatty acid oxidation, ketogenesis, and apolipoproteins related to lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activation. CREBH in the small intestine reduces cholesterol transporter gene Npc1l1 and suppresses cholesterol absorption from diet. A deficiency of CREBH in mice leads to severe hypertriglyceridemia, fatty liver, and atherosclerosis. CREBH, in synergy with peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα), has a crucial role in upregulating Fgf21 expression, which is implicated in metabolic homeostasis including glucose and lipid metabolism. CREBH binds to and functions as a co-activator for both PPARα and liver X receptor alpha (LXRα) in regulating gene expression of lipid metabolism. Therefore, CREBH has a crucial role in glucose and lipid metabolism in the liver and small intestine.
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50
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Luo B, Xiang D, Wu D, Liu C, Fang Y, Chen P, Hu YP. Hepatic PHD2/HIF-1α axis is involved in postexercise systemic energy homeostasis. FASEB J 2018; 32:4670-4680. [PMID: 29601782 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201701139r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Exercise plays an important role in the prevention and treatment of chronic liver disease and associated metabolic disorders. A single bout of exercise induces tissue blood flow redistribution, which decreases splanchnic circulation and leads to physiologic hypoxia in the gastrointestinal system and liver. The transcription factor, hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), and its regulator, prolylhydroxylase 2 (PHD2), play pivotal roles in the response to oxygen flux by regulating downstream gene expression levels in the liver. We hypothesized that exercise increases the HIF-1α levels in the liver, and that the hepatic PHD2/HIF-1α axis is involved in postexercise restoration of systemic energy homeostasis. Through constant O2 consumption, CO2 production, food and water intake, and physical activity detection with metabolic chambers, we observed that one 30-min session of swimming exercise enhances systemic energy metabolism in mice. By using the noninvasive bioluminescence imaging ROSA26 oxygen-dependent domain Luc mouse model, we reveal that exercise increases in vivo HIFα levels in the liver. Intraperitoneal injections of the PHD inhibitor, dimethyloxalylglycine, mimicked exercise-induced HIFα increase, whereas the HIF-1α inhibitor, PX-478, blocked this effect. We next constructed liver-specific knockout (LKO) mouse models with albumin- Cre-mediated, hepatocyte-specific Hif1a and Phd2 deletion. Compared with their controls, Hif1a-LKO and Phd2-LKO mice exhibited distinct patterns of hepatic metabolism-related gene expression profiles. Moreover, Hif1a-LKO mice failed to restore systemic energy homeostasis after exercise. In conclusion, the current study demonstrates that a single bout of exercise disrupts systemic energy homeostasis, increasing the HIF-1α levels in the liver. These findings also provide evidence that the hepatic PHD2/HIF-1α axis is involved in postexercise systemic metabolic homeostasis.-Luo, B., Xiang, D., Wu, D., Liu, C., Fang, Y., Chen, P., Hu, Y.-P. Hepatic PHD2/HIF-1α axis is involved in postexercise systemic energy homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Luo
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China.,Department of Cell Biology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dao Xiang
- Department of Diving Medicine, Naval Medical Research Institute, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Die Wu
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Changcheng Liu
- Department of Cell Biology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiqun Fang
- Department of Diving Medicine, Naval Medical Research Institute, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peijie Chen
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Ping Hu
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China.,Department of Cell Biology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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