1
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Krysiak S, Burda K. The Effect of Removal of External Proteins PsbO, PsbP and PsbQ on Flash-Induced Molecular Oxygen Evolution and Its Biphasicity in Tobacco PSII. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:7187-7218. [PMID: 39057069 PMCID: PMC11276211 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46070428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The oxygen evolution within photosystem II (PSII) is one of the most enigmatic processes occurring in nature. It is suggested that external proteins surrounding the oxygen-evolving complex (OEC) not only stabilize it and provide an appropriate ionic environment but also create water channels, which could be involved in triggering the ingress of water and the removal of O2 and protons outside the system. To investigate the influence of these proteins on the rate of oxygen release and the efficiency of OEC function, we developed a measurement protocol for the direct measurement of the kinetics of oxygen release from PSII using a Joliot-type electrode. PSII-enriched tobacco thylakoids were used in the experiments. The results revealed the existence of slow and fast modes of oxygen evolution. This observation is model-independent and requires no specific assumptions about the initial distribution of the OEC states. The gradual removal of exogenous proteins resulted in a slowdown of the rapid phase (~ms) of O2 release and its gradual disappearance while the slow phase (~tens of ms) accelerated. The role of external proteins in regulating the biphasicity and efficiency of oxygen release is discussed based on observed phenomena and current knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kvetoslava Burda
- Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Krakow, al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland;
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2
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Yano J, Kern J, Yachandra VK. Structure Function Studies of Photosystem II Using X-Ray Free Electron Lasers. Annu Rev Biophys 2024; 53:343-365. [PMID: 39013027 PMCID: PMC11321711 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-biophys-071723-102519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
The structure and mechanism of the water-oxidation chemistry that occurs in photosystem II have been subjects of great interest. The advent of X-ray free electron lasers allowed the determination of structures of the stable intermediate states and of steps in the transitions between these intermediate states, bringing a new perspective to this field. The room-temperature structures collected as the photosynthetic water oxidation reaction proceeds in real time have provided important novel insights into the structural changes and the mechanism of the water oxidation reaction. The time-resolved measurements have also given us a view of how this reaction-which involves multielectron, multiproton processes-is facilitated by the interaction of the ligands and the protein residues in the oxygen-evolving complex. These structures have also provided a picture of the dynamics occurring in the channels within photosystem II that are involved in the transport of the substrate water to the catalytic center and protons to the bulk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junko Yano
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA; , ,
| | - Jan Kern
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA; , ,
| | - Vittal K Yachandra
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA; , ,
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3
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Hussein R, Graça A, Forsman J, Aydin AO, Hall M, Gaetcke J, Chernev P, Wendler P, Dobbek H, Messinger J, Zouni A, Schröder WP. Cryo-electron microscopy reveals hydrogen positions and water networks in photosystem II. Science 2024; 384:1349-1355. [PMID: 38900892 DOI: 10.1126/science.adn6541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Photosystem II starts the photosynthetic electron transport chain that converts solar energy into chemical energy and thus sustains life on Earth. It catalyzes two chemical reactions: water oxidation to molecular oxygen and plastoquinone reduction. Coupling of electron and proton transfer is crucial for efficiency; however, the molecular basis of these processes remains speculative owing to uncertain water binding sites and the lack of experimentally determined hydrogen positions. We thus collected high-resolution cryo-electron microscopy data of fully hydrated photosystem II from the thermophilic cyanobacterium Thermosynechococcus vestitus to a final resolution of 1.71 angstroms. The structure reveals several previously undetected partially occupied water binding sites and more than half of the hydrogen and proton positions. This clarifies the pathways of substrate water binding and plastoquinone B protonation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana Hussein
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Biology, D 10099 Berlin, Germany
| | - André Graça
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, SE 90187 Umeå, Sweden
- Molecular Biomimetics, Department of Chemistry- Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE 75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jack Forsman
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, SE 90187 Umeå, Sweden
| | - A Orkun Aydin
- Molecular Biomimetics, Department of Chemistry- Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE 75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Michael Hall
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, SE 90187 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Julia Gaetcke
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Biology, D 10099 Berlin, Germany
| | - Petko Chernev
- Molecular Biomimetics, Department of Chemistry- Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE 75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Petra Wendler
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht Strasse 24-25, D 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Holger Dobbek
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Biology, D 10099 Berlin, Germany
| | - Johannes Messinger
- Molecular Biomimetics, Department of Chemistry- Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE 75120 Uppsala, Sweden
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, Sweden
| | - Athina Zouni
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Biology, D 10099 Berlin, Germany
| | - Wolfgang P Schröder
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, SE 90187 Umeå, Sweden
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, Sweden
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4
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Liu J, Yang KR, Long Z, Armstrong WH, Brudvig GW, Batista VS. Water Ligands Regulate the Redox Leveling Mechanism of the Oxygen-Evolving Complex of the Photosystem II. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:15986-15999. [PMID: 38833517 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c02926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Understanding how water ligands regulate the conformational changes and functionality of the oxygen-evolving complex (OEC) in photosystem II (PSII) throughout the catalytic cycle of oxygen evolution remains a highly intriguing and unresolved challenge. In this study, we investigate the effect of water insertion (WI) on the redox state of the OEC by using the molecular dynamics (MD) and quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) hybrid methods. We find that water binding significantly reduces the free energy change for proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) from Mn to YZ•, underscoring the important regulatory role of water binding, which is essential for enabling the OEC redox-leveling mechanism along the catalytic cycle. We propose a water binding mechanism in which WI is thermodynamically favored by the closed-cubane form of the OEC, with water delivery mediated by Ca2+ ligand exchange. Isomerization from the closed- to open-cubane conformation at three post-WI states highlights the importance of the location of the MnIII center in the OEC and the orientation of its Jahn-Teller axis to conformational changes of the OEC, which might be critical for the formation of the O-O bond. These findings reveal a complex interplay between conformational changes in the OEC and the ligand environment during the activation of the OEC by YZ•. Analogous regulatory effects due to water ligand binding are expected to be important for a wide range of catalysts activated by redox state transitions in aqueous environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinchan Liu
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Ke R Yang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zhuoran Long
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - William H Armstrong
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Gary W Brudvig
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Victor S Batista
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
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5
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de Lichtenberg C, Rapatskiy L, Reus M, Heyno E, Schnegg A, Nowaczyk MM, Lubitz W, Messinger J, Cox N. Assignment of the slowly exchanging substrate water of nature's water-splitting cofactor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2319374121. [PMID: 38437550 PMCID: PMC10945779 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2319374121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Identifying the two substrate water sites of nature's water-splitting cofactor (Mn4CaO5 cluster) provides important information toward resolving the mechanism of O-O bond formation in Photosystem II (PSII). To this end, we have performed parallel substrate water exchange experiments in the S1 state of native Ca-PSII and biosynthetically substituted Sr-PSII employing Time-Resolved Membrane Inlet Mass Spectrometry (TR-MIMS) and a Time-Resolved 17O-Electron-electron Double resonance detected NMR (TR-17O-EDNMR) approach. TR-MIMS resolves the kinetics for incorporation of the oxygen-isotope label into the substrate sites after addition of H218O to the medium, while the magnetic resonance technique allows, in principle, the characterization of all exchangeable oxygen ligands of the Mn4CaO5 cofactor after mixing with H217O. This unique combination shows i) that the central oxygen bridge (O5) of Ca-PSII core complexes isolated from Thermosynechococcus vestitus has, within experimental conditions, the same rate of exchange as the slowly exchanging substrate water (WS) in the TR-MIMS experiments and ii) that the exchange rates of O5 and WS are both enhanced by Ca2+→Sr2+ substitution in a similar manner. In the context of previous TR-MIMS results, this shows that only O5 fulfills all criteria for being WS. This strongly restricts options for the mechanism of water oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casper de Lichtenberg
- Department of Chemistry- Ångström Laboratorium, Uppsala University, UppsalaS-75120, Sweden
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Biological Centre, Umeå University, UmeåS-90187, Sweden
| | - Leonid Rapatskiy
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Mülheim an der RuhrD-45470, Germany
| | - Michael Reus
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Mülheim an der RuhrD-45470, Germany
| | - Eiri Heyno
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Mülheim an der RuhrD-45470, Germany
| | - Alexander Schnegg
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Mülheim an der RuhrD-45470, Germany
| | - Marc M. Nowaczyk
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, BochumD-44780, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Lubitz
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Mülheim an der RuhrD-45470, Germany
| | - Johannes Messinger
- Department of Chemistry- Ångström Laboratorium, Uppsala University, UppsalaS-75120, Sweden
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Biological Centre, Umeå University, UmeåS-90187, Sweden
| | - Nicholas Cox
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Mülheim an der RuhrD-45470, Germany
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Acton ACT2601, Australia
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6
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Singh A, Roy L. Evolution in the Design of Water Oxidation Catalysts with Transition-Metals: A Perspective on Biological, Molecular, Supramolecular, and Hybrid Approaches. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:9886-9920. [PMID: 38463281 PMCID: PMC10918817 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c07847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Increased demand for a carbon-neutral sustainable energy scheme augmented by climatic threats motivates the design and exploration of novel approaches that reserve intermittent solar energy in the form of chemical bonds in molecules and materials. In this context, inspired by biological processes, artificial photosynthesis has garnered significant attention as a promising solution to convert solar power into chemical fuels from abundantly found H2O. Among the two redox half-reactions in artificial photosynthesis, the four-electron oxidation of water according to 2H2O → O2 + 4H+ + 4e- comprises the major bottleneck and is a severe impediment toward sustainable energy production. As such, devising new catalytic platforms, with traditional concepts of molecular, materials and biological catalysis and capable of integrating the functional architectures of the natural oxygen-evolving complex in photosystem II would certainly be a value-addition toward this objective. In this review, we discuss the progress in construction of ideal water oxidation catalysts (WOCs), starting with the ingenuity of the biological design with earth-abundant transition metal ions, which then diverges into molecular, supramolecular and hybrid approaches, blurring any existing chemical or conceptual boundaries. We focus on the geometric, electronic, and mechanistic understanding of state-of-the-art homogeneous transition-metal containing molecular WOCs and summarize the limiting factors such as choice of ligands and predominance of environmentally unrewarding and expensive noble-metals, necessity of high-valency on metal, thermodynamic instability of intermediates, and reversibility of reactions that create challenges in construction of robust and efficient water oxidation catalyst. We highlight how judicious heterogenization of atom-efficient molecular WOCs in supramolecular and hybrid approaches put forth promising avenues to alleviate the existing problems in molecular catalysis, albeit retaining their fascinating intrinsic reactivities. Taken together, our overview is expected to provide guiding principles on opportunities, challenges, and crucial factors for designing novel water oxidation catalysts based on a synergy between conventional and contemporary methodologies that will incite the expansion of the domain of artificial photosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajeet
Kumar Singh
- Institute of Chemical Technology
Mumbai−IOC Odisha Campus Bhubaneswar, IIT Kharagpur Extension
Centre, Bhubaneswar − 751013 India
| | - Lisa Roy
- Institute of Chemical Technology
Mumbai−IOC Odisha Campus Bhubaneswar, IIT Kharagpur Extension
Centre, Bhubaneswar − 751013 India
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7
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Noguchi T. Mechanism of Proton Transfer through the D1-E65/D2-E312 Gate during Photosynthetic Water Oxidation. J Phys Chem B 2024; 128:1866-1875. [PMID: 38364371 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c07787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
In photosystem II, the D1-E65/D2-E312 dyad in the Cl-1 channel has been proposed to play a pivotal role in proton transfer during water oxidation. However, the precise mechanism remains elusive. Here, the proton transfer mechanism within the Cl-1 channel was investigated using quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics calculations. The molecular vibration of the E65/E312 dyad and its deuteration effect revealed that the recently suggested stepwise proton transfer, i.e., initial proton release from the dyad followed by slow reprotonation, does not occur in the Cl-1 channel. Instead, proton transfer is proposed to take place via a conformational change at the E65/E312 dyad, acting as a gate. In its closed form, a proton is trapped within the dyad, preventing forward proton transfer. This closed form converts into the open form, where protonated D1-E65 provides a hydrogen bond to the water network, thereby facilitating fast Grotthuss-type proton transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Noguchi
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
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8
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Drosou M, Pantazis DA. Comprehensive Evaluation of Models for Ammonia Binding to the Oxygen Evolving Complex of Photosystem II. J Phys Chem B 2024; 128:1333-1349. [PMID: 38299511 PMCID: PMC10875651 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c06304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
The identity and insertion pathway of the substrate oxygen atoms that are coupled to dioxygen by the oxygen-evolving complex (OEC) remains a central question toward understanding Nature's water oxidation mechanism. In several studies, ammonia has been used as a small "water analogue" to elucidate the pathway of substrate access to the OEC and to aid in determining which of the oxygen ligands of the tetramanganese cluster are substrates for O-O bond formation. On the basis of structural and spectroscopic investigations, five first-sphere binding modes of ammonia have been suggested, involving either substitution of an existing H2O/OH-/O2- group or addition as an extra ligand to a metal ion of the Mn4CaO5 cluster. Some of these modes, specifically the ones involving substitution, have already been subject to spectroscopy-oriented quantum chemical investigations, whereas more recent suggestions that postulate the addition of ammonia have not been examined so far with quantum chemistry for their agreement with spectroscopic data. Herein, we use a common structural framework and theoretical methodology to evaluate structural models of the OEC that represent all proposed modes of first-sphere ammonia interaction with the OEC in its S2 state. Criteria include energetic, magnetic, kinetic, and spectroscopic properties compared against available experimental EPR, ENDOR, ESEEM, and EDNMR data. Our results show that models featuring ammonia replacing one of the two terminal water ligands on Mn4 align best with experimental data, while they definitively exclude substitution of a bridging μ-oxo ligand as well as incorporation of ammonia as a sixth ligand on Mn1 or Mn4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Drosou
- Max-Planck-Institut
für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, Mülheim an der Ruhr 45470, Germany
- Inorganic
Chemistry Laboratory, National and Kapodistrian
University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Zografou 15771, Greece
| | - Dimitrios A. Pantazis
- Max-Planck-Institut
für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, Mülheim an der Ruhr 45470, Germany
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9
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Bradley JM, Coleman AF, Brown PJ, Huang Y, Young RM, Wasielewski MR. Harvesting electrons and holes from photodriven symmetry-breaking charge separation within a perylenediimide photosynthetic model dimer. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2313575120. [PMID: 37983509 PMCID: PMC10691211 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2313575120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding how to utilize symmetry-breaking charge separation (SB-CS) offers a path toward increasingly efficient light-harvesting technologies. This process plays a central role in the first step of photosynthesis, in which the dimeric "special pair" of the photosynthetic reaction center enters a coherent SB-CS state after photoexcitation. Previous research on SB-CS in both biological and synthetic chromophore dimers has focused on increasing the efficiency of light-driven processes. In a chromophore dimer undergoing SB-CS, the energy of the radical ion pair product is nearly isoenergetic with that of the lowest excited singlet (S1) state of the dimer. This means that very little energy is lost from the absorbed photon. In principle, the relatively high energy electron and hole generated by SB-CS within the chromophore dimer can each be transferred to adjacent charge acceptors to extend the lifetime of the electron-hole pair, which can increase the efficiency of solar energy conversion. To investigate this possibility, we have designed a bis-perylenediimide cyclophane (mPDI2) covalently linked to a secondary electron donor, peri-xanthenoxanthene (PXX) and a secondary electron acceptor, partially fluorinated naphthalenediimide (FNDI). Upon selective photoexcitation of mPDI2, transient absorption spectroscopy shows that mPDI2 undergoes SB-CS, followed by two secondary charge transfer reactions to generate a PXX•+-mPDI2-FNDI•- radical ion pair having a nearly 3 µs lifetime. This strategy has the potential to increase the efficiency of molecular systems for artificial photosynthesis and photovoltaics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jillian M. Bradley
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL60208-3113
- Paula M. Trienens Institute for Sustainability and Energy, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL60208-3113
| | - Adam F. Coleman
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL60208-3113
- Paula M. Trienens Institute for Sustainability and Energy, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL60208-3113
| | - Paige J. Brown
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL60208-3113
- Paula M. Trienens Institute for Sustainability and Energy, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL60208-3113
| | - Yuheng Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL60208-3113
- Paula M. Trienens Institute for Sustainability and Energy, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL60208-3113
| | - Ryan M. Young
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL60208-3113
- Paula M. Trienens Institute for Sustainability and Energy, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL60208-3113
| | - Michael R. Wasielewski
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL60208-3113
- Paula M. Trienens Institute for Sustainability and Energy, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL60208-3113
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10
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Dekmak MY, Mäusle SM, Brandhorst J, Simon PS, Dau H. Tracking the first electron transfer step at the donor side of oxygen-evolving photosystem II by time-resolved infrared spectroscopy. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2023:10.1007/s11120-023-01057-3. [PMID: 37995064 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-023-01057-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
In oxygen-evolving photosystem II (PSII), the multi-phasic electron transfer from a redox-active tyrosine residue (TyrZ) to a chlorophyll cation radical (P680+) precedes the water-oxidation chemistry of the S-state cycle of the Mn4Ca cluster. Here we investigate these early events, observable within about 10 ns to 10 ms after laser-flash excitation, by time-resolved single-frequency infrared (IR) spectroscopy in the spectral range of 1310-1890 cm-1 for oxygen-evolving PSII membrane particles from spinach. Comparing the IR difference spectra at 80 ns, 500 ns, and 10 µs allowed for the identification of quinone, P680 and TyrZ contributions. A broad electronic absorption band assignable P680+ was used to trace largely specifically the P680+ reduction kinetics. The experimental time resolution was taken into account in least-square fits of P680+ transients with a sum of four exponentials, revealing two nanosecond phases (30-46 ns and 690-1110 ns) and two microsecond phases (4.5-8.3 µs and 42 µs), which mostly exhibit a clear S-state dependence, in agreement with results obtained by other methods. Our investigation paves the road for further insight in the early events associated with TyrZ oxidation and their role in the preparing the PSII donor side for the subsequent water oxidation chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sarah M Mäusle
- Department of Physics, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | | | - Philipp S Simon
- Department of Physics, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Holger Dau
- Department of Physics, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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11
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Dumont R, Dowdell J, Song J, Li J, Wang S, Kang W, Li B. Control of charge transport in electronically active systems towards integrated biomolecular circuits (IbC). J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:8302-8314. [PMID: 37464922 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb00701d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
The miniaturization of traditional silicon-based electronics will soon reach its limitation as quantum tunneling and heat become serious problems at the several-nanometer scale. Crafting integrated circuits via self-assembly of electronically active molecules using a "bottom-up" paradigm provides a potential solution to these technological challenges. In particular, integrated biomolecular circuits (IbC) offer promising advantages to achieve this goal, as nature offers countless examples of functionalities entailed by self-assembly and examples of controlling charge transport at the molecular level within the self-assembled structures. To this end, the review summarizes the progress in understanding how charge transport is regulated in biosystems and the key redox-active amino acids that enable the charge transport. In addition, charge transport mechanisms at different length scales are also reviewed, offering key insights for controlling charge transport in IbC in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Dumont
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kennesaw State University, Marietta, GA, USA.
| | - Juwaan Dowdell
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kennesaw State University, Marietta, GA, USA.
| | - Jisoo Song
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kennesaw State University, Marietta, GA, USA.
| | - Jiani Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Centre for Smart Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China.
| | - Suwan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Centre for Smart Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China.
| | - Wei Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Centre for Smart Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China.
- Ningbo Institute of Dalian University of Technology, Ningbo, China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kennesaw State University, Marietta, GA, USA.
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12
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Shevela D, Kern JF, Govindjee G, Messinger J. Solar energy conversion by photosystem II: principles and structures. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2023; 156:279-307. [PMID: 36826741 PMCID: PMC10203033 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-022-00991-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthetic water oxidation by Photosystem II (PSII) is a fascinating process because it sustains life on Earth and serves as a blue print for scalable synthetic catalysts required for renewable energy applications. The biophysical, computational, and structural description of this process, which started more than 50 years ago, has made tremendous progress over the past two decades, with its high-resolution crystal structures being available not only of the dark-stable state of PSII, but of all the semi-stable reaction intermediates and even some transient states. Here, we summarize the current knowledge on PSII with emphasis on the basic principles that govern the conversion of light energy to chemical energy in PSII, as well as on the illustration of the molecular structures that enable these reactions. The important remaining questions regarding the mechanism of biological water oxidation are highlighted, and one possible pathway for this fundamental reaction is described at a molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry Shevela
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Biological Centre, Umeå University, 90187, Umeå, Sweden.
| | - Jan F Kern
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Govindjee Govindjee
- Department of Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Center of Biophysics & Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Johannes Messinger
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Biological Centre, Umeå University, 90187, Umeå, Sweden.
- Molecular Biomimetics, Department of Chemistry - Ångström, Uppsala University, 75120, Uppsala, Sweden.
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13
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Drosou M, Comas-Vilà G, Neese F, Salvador P, Pantazis DA. Does Serial Femtosecond Crystallography Depict State-Specific Catalytic Intermediates of the Oxygen-Evolving Complex? J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:10604-10621. [PMID: 37137865 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c00489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in serial femtosecond crystallography (SFX) of photosystem II (PSII), enabled by X-ray free electron lasers (XFEL), provided the first geometric models of distinct intermediates in the catalytic S-state cycle of the oxygen-evolving complex (OEC). These models are obtained by flash-advancing the OEC from the dark-stable state (S1) to more oxidized intermediates (S2 and S3), eventually cycling back to the most reduced S0. However, the interpretation of these models is controversial because geometric parameters within the Mn4CaO5 cluster of the OEC do not exactly match those expected from coordination chemistry for the spectroscopically verified manganese oxidation states of the distinct S-state intermediates. Here we focus on the first catalytic transition, S1 → S2, which represents a one-electron oxidation of the OEC. Combining geometric and electronic structure criteria, including a novel effective oxidation state approach, we analyze existing 1-flash (1F) SFX-XFEL crystallographic models that should depict the S2 state of the OEC. We show that the 1F/S2 equivalence is not obvious, because the Mn oxidation states and total unpaired electron counts encoded in these models are not fully consistent with those of a pure S2 state and with the nature of the S1 → S2 transition. Furthermore, the oxidation state definition in two-flashed (2F) structural models is practically impossible to elucidate. Our results advise caution in the extraction of electronic structure information solely from the literal interpretation of crystallographic models and call for re-evaluation of structural and mechanistic interpretations that presume exact correspondence of such models to specific catalytic intermediates of the OEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Drosou
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Gerard Comas-Vilà
- Institute of Computational Chemistry and Catalysis, Chemistry Department, University of Girona, Montilivi Campus, Girona, Catalonia 17003, Spain
| | - Frank Neese
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Pedro Salvador
- Institute of Computational Chemistry and Catalysis, Chemistry Department, University of Girona, Montilivi Campus, Girona, Catalonia 17003, Spain
| | - Dimitrios A Pantazis
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
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14
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Greife P, Schönborn M, Capone M, Assunção R, Narzi D, Guidoni L, Dau H. The electron-proton bottleneck of photosynthetic oxygen evolution. Nature 2023; 617:623-628. [PMID: 37138082 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06008-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthesis fuels life on Earth by storing solar energy in chemical form. Today's oxygen-rich atmosphere has resulted from the splitting of water at the protein-bound manganese cluster of photosystem II during photosynthesis. Formation of molecular oxygen starts from a state with four accumulated electron holes, the S4 state-which was postulated half a century ago1 and remains largely uncharacterized. Here we resolve this key stage of photosynthetic O2 formation and its crucial mechanistic role. We tracked 230,000 excitation cycles of dark-adapted photosystems with microsecond infrared spectroscopy. Combining these results with computational chemistry reveals that a crucial proton vacancy is initally created through gated sidechain deprotonation. Subsequently, a reactive oxygen radical is formed in a single-electron, multi-proton transfer event. This is the slowest step in photosynthetic O2 formation, with a moderate energetic barrier and marked entropic slowdown. We identify the S4 state as the oxygen-radical state; its formation is followed by fast O-O bonding and O2 release. In conjunction with previous breakthroughs in experimental and computational investigations, a compelling atomistic picture of photosynthetic O2 formation emerges. Our results provide insights into a biological process that is likely to have occurred unchanged for the past three billion years, which we expect to support the knowledge-based design of artificial water-splitting systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Greife
- Department of Physics, Freie Universität, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Matteo Capone
- Department of Information Engineering, Computer Science and Mathematics, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
- Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | | | - Daniele Narzi
- Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Leonardo Guidoni
- Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.
| | - Holger Dau
- Department of Physics, Freie Universität, Berlin, Germany.
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15
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Bhowmick A, Hussein R, Bogacz I, Simon PS, Ibrahim M, Chatterjee R, Doyle MD, Cheah MH, Fransson T, Chernev P, Kim IS, Makita H, Dasgupta M, Kaminsky CJ, Zhang M, Gätcke J, Haupt S, Nangca II, Keable SM, Aydin AO, Tono K, Owada S, Gee LB, Fuller FD, Batyuk A, Alonso-Mori R, Holton JM, Paley DW, Moriarty NW, Mamedov F, Adams PD, Brewster AS, Dobbek H, Sauter NK, Bergmann U, Zouni A, Messinger J, Kern J, Yano J, Yachandra VK. Structural evidence for intermediates during O 2 formation in photosystem II. Nature 2023; 617:629-636. [PMID: 37138085 PMCID: PMC10191843 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06038-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
In natural photosynthesis, the light-driven splitting of water into electrons, protons and molecular oxygen forms the first step of the solar-to-chemical energy conversion process. The reaction takes place in photosystem II, where the Mn4CaO5 cluster first stores four oxidizing equivalents, the S0 to S4 intermediate states in the Kok cycle, sequentially generated by photochemical charge separations in the reaction center and then catalyzes the O-O bond formation chemistry1-3. Here, we report room temperature snapshots by serial femtosecond X-ray crystallography to provide structural insights into the final reaction step of Kok's photosynthetic water oxidation cycle, the S3→[S4]→S0 transition where O2 is formed and Kok's water oxidation clock is reset. Our data reveal a complex sequence of events, which occur over micro- to milliseconds, comprising changes at the Mn4CaO5 cluster, its ligands and water pathways as well as controlled proton release through the hydrogen-bonding network of the Cl1 channel. Importantly, the extra O atom Ox, which was introduced as a bridging ligand between Ca and Mn1 during the S2→S3 transition4-6, disappears or relocates in parallel with Yz reduction starting at approximately 700 μs after the third flash. The onset of O2 evolution, as indicated by the shortening of the Mn1-Mn4 distance, occurs at around 1,200 μs, signifying the presence of a reduced intermediate, possibly a bound peroxide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmit Bhowmick
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Rana Hussein
- Department of Biology, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Isabel Bogacz
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Philipp S Simon
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Mohamed Ibrahim
- Department of Biology, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Ruchira Chatterjee
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Margaret D Doyle
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Mun Hon Cheah
- Molecular Biomimetics, Department of Chemistry - Ångström, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Thomas Fransson
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Petko Chernev
- Molecular Biomimetics, Department of Chemistry - Ångström, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - In-Sik Kim
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Hiroki Makita
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Medhanjali Dasgupta
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Corey J Kaminsky
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Miao Zhang
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Julia Gätcke
- Department of Biology, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stephanie Haupt
- Department of Biology, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Isabela I Nangca
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Stephen M Keable
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - A Orkun Aydin
- Molecular Biomimetics, Department of Chemistry - Ångström, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Kensuke Tono
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, Hyogo, Japan
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Shigeki Owada
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, Hyogo, Japan
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Leland B Gee
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Franklin D Fuller
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Alexander Batyuk
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Roberto Alonso-Mori
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - James M Holton
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- SSRL, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Daniel W Paley
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Nigel W Moriarty
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Fikret Mamedov
- Molecular Biomimetics, Department of Chemistry - Ångström, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Paul D Adams
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Aaron S Brewster
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Holger Dobbek
- Department of Biology, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nicholas K Sauter
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Uwe Bergmann
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Athina Zouni
- Department of Biology, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Johannes Messinger
- Molecular Biomimetics, Department of Chemistry - Ångström, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
| | - Jan Kern
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Junko Yano
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.
| | - Vittal K Yachandra
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.
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16
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Guo Y, Messinger J, Kloo L, Sun L. Alternative Mechanism for O 2 Formation in Natural Photosynthesis via Nucleophilic Oxo-Oxo Coupling. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:4129-4141. [PMID: 36763485 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c12174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
O2 formation in photosystem II (PSII) is a vital event on Earth, but the exact mechanism remains unclear. The presently prevailing theoretical model is "radical coupling" (RC) involving a Mn(IV)-oxyl unit in an "open-cubane" Mn4CaO6 cluster, which is supported experimentally by the S3 state of cyanobacterial PSII featuring an additional Mn-bound oxygenic ligand. However, it was recently proposed that the major structural form of the S3 state of higher plants lacks this extra ligand, and that the resulting S4 state would feature instead a penta-coordinate dangler Mn(V)=oxo, covalently linked to a "closed-cubane" Mn3CaO4 cluster. For this proposal, we explore here a large number of possible pathways of O-O bond formation and demonstrate that the "nucleophilic oxo-oxo coupling" (NOOC) between Mn(V)=oxo and μ3-oxo is the only eligible mechanism in such a system. The reaction is facilitated by a specific conformation of the cluster and concomitant water binding, which is delayed compared to the RC mechanism. An energetically feasible process is described starting from the valid S4 state through the sequential formation of peroxide and superoxide, followed by O2 release and a second water insertion. The newly found mechanism is consistent with available experimental thermodynamic and kinetic data and thus a viable alternative pathway for O2 formation in natural photosynthesis, in particular for higher plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Guo
- Center of Artificial Photosynthesis for Solar Fuels and Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, China
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Johannes Messinger
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, Linnaeus väg 6 (KBC huset), Umeå SE-90187, Sweden
- Molecular Biomimetics, Department of Chemistry─Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala SE-75120, Sweden
| | - Lars Kloo
- Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm SE-10044, Sweden
| | - Licheng Sun
- Center of Artificial Photosynthesis for Solar Fuels and Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, China
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou 310024, China
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17
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Shiau AA, Lee HB, Oyala PH, Agapie T. Mn IV4O 4 Model of the S 3 Intermediate of the Oxygen-Evolving Complex: Effect of the Dianionic Disiloxide Ligand. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:1791-1796. [PMID: 35829634 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c01612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic complexes provide useful models to study the interplay between the structure and spectroscopy of the different Sn-state intermediates of the oxygen-evolving complex (OEC) of photosystem II (PSII). Complexes containing the MnIV4 core corresponding to the S3 state, the last observable intermediate prior to dioxygen formation, remain very rare. Toward the development of synthetic strategies to stabilize highly oxidized tetranuclear complexes, ligands with increased anion charge were pursued. Herein, we report the synthesis, electrochemistry, SQUID magnetometry, and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy of a stable MnIV4O4 cuboidal complex supported by a disiloxide ligand. The substitution of an anionic acetate or amidate ligand with a dianionic disiloxide ligand shifts the reduction potential of the MnIIIMnIV3/MnIV4 redox couple by up to ∼760 mV, improving stability. The S = 3 spin ground state of the siloxide-ligated MnIV4O4 complex matches the acetate and amidate variants, in corroboration with the MnIV4 assignment of the S3 state of the OEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela A Shiau
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, MC 127-72, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Heui Beom Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, MC 127-72, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Paul H Oyala
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, MC 127-72, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Theodor Agapie
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, MC 127-72, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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18
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Lubitz W, Pantazis DA, Cox N. Water oxidation in oxygenic photosynthesis studied by magnetic resonance techniques. FEBS Lett 2023; 597:6-29. [PMID: 36409002 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The understanding of light-induced biological water oxidation in oxygenic photosynthesis is of great importance both for biology and (bio)technological applications. The chemically difficult multistep reaction takes place at a unique protein-bound tetra-manganese/calcium cluster in photosystem II whose structure has been elucidated by X-ray crystallography (Umena et al. Nature 2011, 473, 55). The cluster moves through several intermediate states in the catalytic cycle. A detailed understanding of these intermediates requires information about the spatial and electronic structure of the Mn4 Ca complex; the latter is only available from spectroscopic techniques. Here, the important role of Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) and related double resonance techniques (ENDOR, EDNMR), complemented by quantum chemical calculations, is described. This has led to the elucidation of the cluster's redox and protonation states, the valence and spin states of the manganese ions and the interactions between them, and contributed substantially to the understanding of the role of the protein surrounding, as well as the binding and processing of the substrate water molecules, the O-O bond formation and dioxygen release. Based on these data, models for the water oxidation cycle are developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Lubitz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Energiekonversion, Mülheim/Ruhr, Germany
| | | | - Nicholas Cox
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
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19
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Isobe H, Shoji M, Suzuki T, Shen JR, Yamaguchi K. Roles of the Flexible Primary Coordination Sphere of the Mn 4CaO x Cluster: What Are the Immediate Decay Products of the S3 State? J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:7212-7228. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c02596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Isobe
- Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Mitsuo Shoji
- Center for Computational Science, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Suzuki
- Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Jian-Ren Shen
- Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Kizashi Yamaguchi
- Institute for NanoScience Design, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
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20
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Guo Y, Messinger J, Kloo L, Sun L. Reversible Structural Isomerization of Nature's Water Oxidation Catalyst Prior to O-O Bond Formation. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:11736-11747. [PMID: 35748306 PMCID: PMC9264352 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c03528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Photosynthetic water
oxidation is catalyzed by a manganese–calcium
oxide cluster, which experiences five “S-states” during
a light-driven reaction cycle. The unique “distorted chair”-like
geometry of the Mn4CaO5(6) cluster shows structural
flexibility that has been frequently proposed to involve “open”
and “closed”-cubane forms from the S1 to
S3 states. The isomers are interconvertible in the S1 and S2 states, while in the S3 state,
the open-cubane structure is observed to dominate inThermosynechococcus elongatus (cyanobacteria) samples.
In this work, using density functional theory calculations, we go
beyond the S3+Yz state to the S3nYz• → S4+Yz step, and report for the first time
that the reversible isomerism, which is suppressed in the S3+Yz state, is fully recovered
in the ensuing S3nYz• state due to the proton release
from a manganese-bound water ligand. The altered coordination strength
of the manganese–ligand facilitates formation of the closed-cubane
form, in a dynamic equilibrium with the open-cubane form. This tautomerism
immediately preceding dioxygen formation may constitute the rate limiting
step for O2 formation, and exert a significant influence
on the water oxidation mechanism in photosystem II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Guo
- Center of Artificial Photosynthesis for Solar Fuels and Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, China.,Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Johannes Messinger
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, Linnaeus väg 6 (KBC huset), SE-90187 Umeå, Sweden.,Molecular Biomimetics, Department of Chemistry─Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lars Kloo
- Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Licheng Sun
- Center of Artificial Photosynthesis for Solar Fuels and Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, China.,Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou 310024, China
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21
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Oliver N, Avramov AP, Nürnberg DJ, Dau H, Burnap RL. From manganese oxidation to water oxidation: assembly and evolution of the water-splitting complex in photosystem II. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2022; 152:107-133. [PMID: 35397059 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-022-00912-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The manganese cluster of photosystem II has been the focus of intense research aiming to understand the mechanism of H2O-oxidation. Great effort has also been applied to investigating its oxidative photoassembly process, termed photoactivation that involves the light-driven incorporation of metal ions into the active Mn4CaO5 cluster. The knowledge gained on these topics has fundamental scientific significance, but may also provide the blueprints for the development of biomimetic devices capable of splitting water for solar energy applications. Accordingly, synthetic chemical approaches inspired by the native Mn cluster are actively being explored, for which the native catalyst is a useful benchmark. For both the natural and artificial catalysts, the assembly process of incorporating Mn ions into catalytically active Mn oxide complexes is an oxidative process. In both cases this process appears to share certain chemical features, such as producing an optimal fraction of open coordination sites on the metals to facilitate the binding of substrate water, as well as the involvement of alkali metals (e.g., Ca2+) to facilitate assembly and activate water-splitting catalysis. This review discusses the structure and formation of the metal cluster of the PSII H2O-oxidizing complex in the context of what is known about the formation and chemical properties of different Mn oxides. Additionally, the evolutionary origin of the Mn4CaO5 is considered in light of hypotheses that soluble Mn2+ was an ancient source of reductant for some early photosynthetic reaction centers ('photomanganotrophy'), and recent evidence that PSII can form Mn oxides with structural resemblance to the geologically abundant birnessite class of minerals. A new functional role for Ca2+ to facilitate sustained Mn2+ oxidation during photomanganotrophy is proposed, which may explain proposed physiological intermediates during the likely evolutionary transition from anoxygenic to oxygenic photosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Oliver
- Physics Department, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anton P Avramov
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
| | - Dennis J Nürnberg
- Physics Department, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Holger Dau
- Physics Department, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert L Burnap
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA.
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22
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Debus RJ. Alteration of the O 2-Producing Mn 4Ca Cluster in Photosystem II by the Mutation of a Metal Ligand. Biochemistry 2021; 60:3841-3855. [PMID: 34898175 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.1c00504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The O2-evolving Mn4Ca cluster in photosystem II (PSII) is arranged as a distorted Mn3Ca cube that is linked to a fourth Mn ion (denoted as Mn4) by two oxo bridges. The Mn4 and Ca ions are bridged by residue D1-D170. This is also the only residue known to participate in the high-affinity Mn(II) site that participates in the light-driven assembly of the Mn4Ca cluster. In this study, we use Fourier transform infrared difference spectroscopy to characterize the impact of the D1-D170E mutation. On the basis of analyses of carboxylate and carbonyl stretching modes and the O-H stretching modes of hydrogen-bonded water molecules, we show that this mutation alters the extensive network of hydrogen bonds that surrounds the Mn4Ca cluster in the same manner as that of many other mutations. It also alters the equilibrium between conformers of the Mn4Ca cluster in the dark-stable S1 state so that a high-spin form of the S2 state is produced during the S1-to-S2 transition instead of the low-spin form that gives rise to the S2 state multiline electron paramagnetic resonance signal. The mutation may also change the coordination mode of the carboxylate group at position 170 to unidentate ligation of Mn4. This is the first mutation of a metal ligand in PSII that substantially impacts the spectroscopic signatures of the Mn4Ca cluster without substantially eliminating O2 evolution. The results have significant implications for our understanding of the roles of alternate active/inactive conformers of the Mn4Ca cluster in the mechanism of O2 formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Debus
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
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23
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Mandal M, Saito K, Ishikita H. Requirement of Chloride for the Downhill Electron Transfer Pathway from the Water-Splitting Center in Natural Photosynthesis. J Phys Chem B 2021; 126:123-131. [PMID: 34955014 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c09176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In photosystem II (PSII), Cl- is a prerequisite for the second flash-induced oxidation of the Mn4CaO5 cluster (the S2 to S3 transition). We report proton transfer from the substrate water molecule via D1-Asp61 and electron transfer via redox-active D1-Tyr161 (TyrZ) to the chlorophyll pair in Cl--depleted PSII using a quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical approach. The low-barrier H-bond formation between the substrate water molecule and D1-Asp61 remained unaffected upon the depletion of Cl-. However, the binding site, D2-Lys317, formed a salt bridge with D1-Asp61, leading to the inhibition of the subsequent proton transfer. Remarkably, the redox potential (Em) of S2/S3 increased significantly, making electron transfer from S2 to TyrZ energetically uphill, as observed in Ca2+-depleted PSII. The uphill electron transfer pathway was induced by the significant increase in Em(S2/S3) caused by the loss of charge compensation for D2-Lys317 upon the depletion of Cl-, whereas it was induced by the significant decrease in Em(TyrZ) caused by the rearrangement of the water molecules at the Ca2+ binding moiety upon the depletion of Ca2+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Mandal
- Department of Chemical, Biological & Macro-Molecular Sciences, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Kolkata, West Bengal 700106, India
| | - Keisuke Saito
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan.,Department of Applied Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ishikita
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan.,Department of Applied Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan
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24
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Hussein R, Ibrahim M, Bhowmick A, Simon PS, Chatterjee R, Lassalle L, Doyle M, Bogacz I, Kim IS, Cheah MH, Gul S, de Lichtenberg C, Chernev P, Pham CC, Young ID, Carbajo S, Fuller FD, Alonso-Mori R, Batyuk A, Sutherlin KD, Brewster AS, Bolotovsky R, Mendez D, Holton JM, Moriarty NW, Adams PD, Bergmann U, Sauter NK, Dobbek H, Messinger J, Zouni A, Kern J, Yachandra VK, Yano J. Structural dynamics in the water and proton channels of photosystem II during the S 2 to S 3 transition. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6531. [PMID: 34764256 PMCID: PMC8585918 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26781-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Light-driven oxidation of water to molecular oxygen is catalyzed by the oxygen-evolving complex (OEC) in Photosystem II (PS II). This multi-electron, multi-proton catalysis requires the transport of two water molecules to and four protons from the OEC. A high-resolution 1.89 Å structure obtained by averaging all the S states and refining the data of various time points during the S2 to S3 transition has provided better visualization of the potential pathways for substrate water insertion and proton release. Our results indicate that the O1 channel is the likely water intake pathway, and the Cl1 channel is the likely proton release pathway based on the structural rearrangements of water molecules and amino acid side chains along these channels. In particular in the Cl1 channel, we suggest that residue D1-E65 serves as a gate for proton transport by minimizing the back reaction. The results show that the water oxidation reaction at the OEC is well coordinated with the amino acid side chains and the H-bonding network over the entire length of the channels, which is essential in shuttling substrate waters and protons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana Hussein
- grid.7468.d0000 0001 2248 7639Institut für Biologie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Mohamed Ibrahim
- grid.7468.d0000 0001 2248 7639Institut für Biologie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Asmit Bhowmick
- grid.184769.50000 0001 2231 4551Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - Philipp S. Simon
- grid.184769.50000 0001 2231 4551Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - Ruchira Chatterjee
- grid.184769.50000 0001 2231 4551Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - Louise Lassalle
- grid.184769.50000 0001 2231 4551Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - Margaret Doyle
- grid.184769.50000 0001 2231 4551Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - Isabel Bogacz
- grid.184769.50000 0001 2231 4551Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - In-Sik Kim
- grid.184769.50000 0001 2231 4551Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - Mun Hon Cheah
- grid.8993.b0000 0004 1936 9457Department of Chemistry - Ångström, Molecular Biomimetics, Uppsala University, SE 75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sheraz Gul
- grid.184769.50000 0001 2231 4551Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - Casper de Lichtenberg
- grid.8993.b0000 0004 1936 9457Department of Chemistry - Ångström, Molecular Biomimetics, Uppsala University, SE 75120 Uppsala, Sweden ,grid.12650.300000 0001 1034 3451Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, SE 90187 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Petko Chernev
- grid.8993.b0000 0004 1936 9457Department of Chemistry - Ångström, Molecular Biomimetics, Uppsala University, SE 75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Cindy C. Pham
- grid.184769.50000 0001 2231 4551Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - Iris D. Young
- grid.184769.50000 0001 2231 4551Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - Sergio Carbajo
- grid.512023.70000 0004 6047 9447Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA
| | - Franklin D. Fuller
- grid.512023.70000 0004 6047 9447Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA
| | - Roberto Alonso-Mori
- grid.512023.70000 0004 6047 9447Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA
| | - Alex Batyuk
- grid.512023.70000 0004 6047 9447Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA
| | - Kyle D. Sutherlin
- grid.184769.50000 0001 2231 4551Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - Aaron S. Brewster
- grid.184769.50000 0001 2231 4551Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - Robert Bolotovsky
- grid.184769.50000 0001 2231 4551Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - Derek Mendez
- grid.184769.50000 0001 2231 4551Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - James M. Holton
- grid.184769.50000 0001 2231 4551Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - Nigel W. Moriarty
- grid.184769.50000 0001 2231 4551Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - Paul D. Adams
- grid.184769.50000 0001 2231 4551Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA ,grid.47840.3f0000 0001 2181 7878Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - Uwe Bergmann
- grid.14003.360000 0001 2167 3675Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - Nicholas K. Sauter
- grid.184769.50000 0001 2231 4551Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - Holger Dobbek
- grid.7468.d0000 0001 2248 7639Institut für Biologie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Johannes Messinger
- Department of Chemistry - Ångström, Molecular Biomimetics, Uppsala University, SE 75120, Uppsala, Sweden. .,Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, SE 90187, Umeå, Sweden.
| | - Athina Zouni
- Institut für Biologie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10115, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Jan Kern
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
| | - Vittal K. Yachandra
- grid.184769.50000 0001 2231 4551Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - Junko Yano
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
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25
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Drosou M, Pantazis DA. Redox Isomerism in the S 3 State of the Oxygen-Evolving Complex Resolved by Coupled Cluster Theory. Chemistry 2021; 27:12815-12825. [PMID: 34288176 PMCID: PMC8518824 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202101567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The electronic and geometric structures of the water-oxidizing complex of photosystem II in the steps of the catalytic cycle that precede dioxygen evolution remain hotly debated. Recent structural and spectroscopic investigations support contradictory redox formulations for the active-site Mn4 CaOx cofactor in the final metastable S3 state. These range from the widely accepted MnIV 4 oxo-hydroxo model, which presumes that O-O bond formation occurs in the ultimate transient intermediate (S4 ) of the catalytic cycle, to a MnIII 2 MnIV 2 peroxo model representative of the contrasting "early-onset" O-O bond formation hypothesis. Density functional theory energetics of suggested S3 redox isomers are inconclusive because of extreme functional dependence. Here, we use the power of the domain-based local pair natural orbital approach to coupled cluster theory, DLPNO-CCSD(T), to present the first correlated wave function theory calculations of relative stabilities for distinct redox-isomeric forms of the S3 state. Our results enabled us to evaluate conflicting models for the S3 state of the oxygen-evolving complex (OEC) and to quantify the accuracy of lower-level theoretical approaches. Our assessment of the relevance of distinct redox-isomeric forms for the mechanism of biological water oxidation strongly disfavors the scenario of early-onset O-O formation advanced by literal interpretations of certain crystallographic models. This work serves as a case study in the application of modern coupled cluster implementations to redox isomerism problems in oligonuclear transition metal systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Drosou
- Inorganic Chemistry LaboratoryNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensPanepistimiopolisZografou15771Greece
| | - Dimitrios A. Pantazis
- Max-Planck-Institut für KohlenforschungKaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 145470Mülheim an derRuhrGermany
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26
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Bio-Inspired Molecular Catalysts for Water Oxidation. Catalysts 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/catal11091068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The catalytic tetranuclear manganese-calcium-oxo cluster in the photosynthetic reaction center, photosystem II, provides an excellent blueprint for light-driven water oxidation in nature. The water oxidation reaction has attracted intense interest due to its potential as a renewable, clean, and environmentally benign source of energy production. Inspired by the oxygen-evolving complex of photosystem II, a large of number of highly innovative synthetic bio-inspired molecular catalysts are being developed that incorporate relatively cheap and abundant metals such as Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, and Cu, as well as Ru and Ir, in their design. In this review, we briefly discuss the historic milestones that have been achieved in the development of transition metal catalysts and focus on a detailed description of recent progress in the field.
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27
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Okamoto Y, Shimada Y, Nagao R, Noguchi T. Proton and Water Transfer Pathways in the S 2 → S 3 Transition of the Water-Oxidizing Complex in Photosystem II: Time-Resolved Infrared Analysis of the Effects of D1-N298A Mutation and NO 3- Substitution. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:6864-6873. [PMID: 34152151 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c03386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthetic water oxidation is performed through a light-driven cycle of five intermediates (S0-S4 states) in photosystem II (PSII). The S2 → S3 transition, which involves concerted water and proton transfer, is a key process for understanding the water oxidation mechanism. Here, to identify the water and proton transfer pathways during the S2 → S3 transition, we examined the effects of D1-N298A mutation and NO3- substitution for Cl-, which perturbed the O1 and Cl channels, respectively, on the S2 → S3 kinetics using time-resolved infrared spectroscopy. The S2 → S3 transition was retarded both upon NO3- substitution and upon D1-N298A mutation, whereas it was unaffected by further NO3- substitution in N298A PSII. The H/D kinetic isotope effect in N298A PSII was relatively small, revealing that water transfer is a rate-limiting step in this mutant. From these results, it was suggested that during the S2 → S3 transition, water delivery and proton release occur through the O1 and Cl channels, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasutada Okamoto
- Division of Material Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Shimada
- Division of Material Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Ryo Nagao
- Division of Material Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Takumi Noguchi
- Division of Material Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
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28
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Yang KR, Lakshmi KV, Brudvig GW, Batista VS. Is Deprotonation of the Oxygen-Evolving Complex of Photosystem II during the S1 → S2 Transition Suppressed by Proton Quantum Delocalization? J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:8324-8332. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c00633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ke R. Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - K. V. Lakshmi
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and The Baruch ’60 Center for Biochemical Solar Energy, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Gary W. Brudvig
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - Victor S. Batista
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
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29
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Zanetti-Polzi L, Aschi M, Daidone I. Cooperative protein-solvent tuning of proton transfer energetics: carbonic anhydrase as a case study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 22:19975-19981. [PMID: 32857091 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp03652h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We investigate the coupling between the proton transfer (PT) energetics and the protein-solvent dynamics using the intra-molecular PT in wild type (wt) human carbonic anhydrase II and its ten-fold faster mutant Y7F/N67Q as a test case. We calculate the energy variation upon PT, and from that we also calculate the PT reaction free energy, making use of a hybrid quantum mechanics/molecular dynamics approach. In agreement with the experimental data, we obtain that the reaction free energy is basically the same in the two systems. Yet, we show that the instantaneous PT energy is on average lower in the mutant possibly contributing to the faster PT rate. Analysis of the contribution to the PT energetics of the solvent and of each protein residue, also not in the vicinity of the active site, provides evidence for electrostatic tuning of the PT energy arising from the combined effect of the solvent and the protein environment. These findings open up a way to the more general task of the rational design of mutants with either enhanced or reduced PT rate.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Massimiliano Aschi
- Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Via Vetoio, I-67010 L'Aquila, Italy.
| | - Isabella Daidone
- Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Via Vetoio, I-67010 L'Aquila, Italy.
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30
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Sugiura M, Taniguchi T, Tango N, Nakamura M, Sellés J, Boussac A. Probing the role of arginine 323 of the D1 protein in photosystem II function. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 171:183-199. [PMID: 32359083 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The Mn4 CaO5 cluster of photosystem II (PSII) advances sequentially through five oxidation states (S0 to S4 ). Under the enzyme cycle, two water molecules are oxidized, O2 is generated and four protons are released into the lumen. Umena et al. (2011) have proposed that, with other charged amino acids, the R323 residue of the D1 protein could contribute to regulate a proton egress pathway from the Mn4 CaO5 cluster and TyrZ via a proton channel identified from the 3D structure. To test this suggestion, a PsbA3/R323E site-directed mutant has been constructed and the properties of its PSII have been compared to those of the PsbA3-PSII by using EPR spectroscopy, polarography, thermoluminescence and time-resolved UV-visible absorption spectroscopy. Neither the oscillations with a period four nor the kinetics and S-state-dependent stoichiometry of the proton release were affected. However, several differences have been found: (1) the P680 + decay in the hundreds of ns time domain was much slower in the mutant, (2) the S2 QA - /DCMU and S3 QA - /DCMU radiative charge recombination occurred at higher temperatures and (3) the S0 TyrZ • , S1 TyrZ • , S2 TyrZ • split EPR signals induced at 4.2 K by visible light from the S0 TyrZ , S1 TyrZ , S2 TyrZ , respectively, and the (S2 TyrZ • )' induced by NIR illumination at 4.2 K of the S3 TyrZ state differed. It is proposed that the R323 residue of the D1 protein interacts with TyrZ likely via the H-bond network previously proposed to be a proton channel. Therefore, rather than participating in the egress of protons to the lumen, this channel could be involved in the relaxations of the H-bonds around TyrZ by interacting with the bulk, thus tuning the driving force required for TyrZ oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miwa Sugiura
- Proteo-Science Research Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, 790-8577, Japan
| | - Tomonori Taniguchi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Ehime University, Matsuyama, 790-8577, Japan
| | - Nanami Tango
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Ehime University, Matsuyama, 790-8577, Japan
| | - Makoto Nakamura
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Ehime University, Matsuyama, 790-8577, Japan
| | - Julien Sellés
- Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, UMR CNRS 7141 and Sorbonne Université, Paris, 75005, France
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31
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Sittig M, Tom JC, Elter JK, Schacher FH, Dietzek B. Quinoline Photobasicity: Investigation within Water-Soluble Light-Responsive Copolymers. Chemistry 2021; 27:1072-1079. [PMID: 32986286 PMCID: PMC7839697 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Quinoline photobases exhibit a distinctly higher pKa in their electronically excited state than in the ground state, thereby enabling light-controlled proton transfer reactions, for example, in molecular catalysis. The absorption of UV light translates to a pKa jump of approximately 10 units, as established for small-molecule photobases. This contribution presents the first synthesis of quinoline-based polymeric photobases prepared by reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT) polymerization. The integration of quinolines as photobase chromophores within copolymers offers new possibilities for light-triggered proton transfer in nanostructured materials, that is, in nanoparticles, at surfaces, membranes and interfaces. To exploit the light-triggered reactivity of photobases within such materials, we first investigated how the ground- and excited-state properties of the quinoline unit changes upon polymer integration. To address this matter, we combined absorption and emission spectroscopy with time-resolved transient-absorption studies to reveal photoinduced proton-transfer dynamics in various solvents. The results yield important insights into the thermodynamic and kinetic properties of these polymeric quinoline photobases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Sittig
- Department of Functional InterfacesLeibniz Institute of Photonic Technology JenaAlbert-Einstein-Strasse 907745JenaGermany
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of PhotonicsFriedrich-Schiller-University JenaHelmholtzweg 407743JenaGermany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM)Friedrich Schiller University JenaPhilosophenweg 707743JenaGermany
| | - Jessica C. Tom
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)Friedrich Schiller University JenaHumboldtstrasse 1007743JenaGermany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM)Friedrich Schiller University JenaPhilosophenweg 707743JenaGermany
| | - Johanna K. Elter
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)Friedrich Schiller University JenaHumboldtstrasse 1007743JenaGermany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM)Friedrich Schiller University JenaPhilosophenweg 707743JenaGermany
| | - Felix H. Schacher
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)Friedrich Schiller University JenaHumboldtstrasse 1007743JenaGermany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM)Friedrich Schiller University JenaPhilosophenweg 707743JenaGermany
| | - Benjamin Dietzek
- Department of Functional InterfacesLeibniz Institute of Photonic Technology JenaAlbert-Einstein-Strasse 907745JenaGermany
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of PhotonicsFriedrich-Schiller-University JenaHelmholtzweg 407743JenaGermany
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32
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Orio M, Pantazis DA. Successes, challenges, and opportunities for quantum chemistry in understanding metalloenzymes for solar fuels research. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:3952-3974. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cc00705j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Overview of the rich and diverse contributions of quantum chemistry to understanding the structure and function of the biological archetypes for solar fuel research, photosystem II and hydrogenases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maylis Orio
- Aix-Marseille Université
- CNRS
- iSm2
- Marseille
- France
| | - Dimitrios A. Pantazis
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung
- Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1
- 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr
- Germany
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33
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Mäusle SM, Abzaliyeva A, Greife P, Simon PS, Perez R, Zilliges Y, Dau H. Activation energies for two steps in the S 2→ S 3 transition of photosynthetic water oxidation from time-resolved single-frequency infrared spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:215101. [PMID: 33291916 DOI: 10.1063/5.0027995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanism of water oxidation by the Photosystem II (PSII) protein-cofactor complex is of high interest, but specifically, the crucial coupling of protonation dynamics to electron transfer (ET) and dioxygen chemistry remains insufficiently understood. We drove spinach-PSII membranes by nanosecond-laser flashes synchronously through the water-oxidation cycle and traced the PSII processes by time-resolved single-frequency infrared (IR) spectroscopy in the spectral range of symmetric carboxylate vibrations of protein side chains. After the collection of IR-transients from 100 ns to 1 s, we analyzed the proton-removal step in the S2 ⇒ S3 transition, which precedes the ET that oxidizes the Mn4CaOx-cluster. Around 1400 cm-1, pronounced changes in the IR-transients reflect this pre-ET process (∼40 µs at 20 °C) and the ET step (∼300 µs at 20 °C). For transients collected at various temperatures, unconstrained multi-exponential simulations did not provide a coherent set of time constants, but constraining the ET time constants to previously determined values solved the parameter correlation problem and resulted in an exceptionally high activation energy of 540 ± 30 meV for the pre-ET step. We assign the pre-ET step to deprotonation of a group that is re-protonated by accepting a proton from the substrate-water, which binds concurrently with the ET step. The analyzed IR-transients disfavor carboxylic-acid deprotonation in the pre-ET step. Temperature-dependent amplitudes suggest thermal equilibria that determine how strongly the proton-removal step is reflected in the IR-transients. Unexpectedly, the proton-removal step is only weakly reflected in the 1400 cm-1 transients of PSII core complexes of a thermophilic cyanobacterium (T. elongatus).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M Mäusle
- Department of Physics, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Aiganym Abzaliyeva
- Department of Physics, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Paul Greife
- Department of Physics, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Philipp S Simon
- Department of Physics, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Rebeca Perez
- Department of Physics, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Yvonne Zilliges
- Department of Physics, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Holger Dau
- Department of Physics, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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34
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungju Yu
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana Illinois 61801 USA
- Present address: Department of Energy Systems Research Department of Chemistry Ajou University Suwon 16499 Republic of Korea
| | - Prashant K. Jain
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana Illinois 61801 USA
- Materials Research Laboratory University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana Illinois 61801 USA
- Department of Physics University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana Illinois 61801 USA
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana Illinois 61801 USA
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35
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Yu S, Jain PK. Isotope Effects in Plasmonic Photosynthesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:22480-22483. [PMID: 32898311 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202011805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The photoexcitation of plasmonic nanoparticles has been shown to drive multistep, multicarrier transformations, such as the conversion of CO2 into hydrocarbons. But for such plasmon-driven chemistry to be precisely understood and modeled, the critical photoinitiation step in the reaction cascade must be identified. We meet this goal by measuring H/D and 12 C/13 C kinetic isotope effects (KIEs) in plasmonic photosynthesis. In particular, we found that the substitution of H2 O with D2 O slows hydrocarbon production by a factor of 5-8. This primary H/D KIE leads to the inference that hole-driven scission of the O-H bond in H2 O is a critical, limiting step in plasmonic photosynthesis. This study advances mechanistic understanding of light-driven chemical reactions on plasmonic nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungju Yu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA.,Present address: Department of Energy Systems Research, Department of Chemistry, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Prashant K Jain
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA.,Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA.,Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA.,Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA
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36
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Kim CJ, Debus RJ. Roles of D1-Glu189 and D1-Glu329 in O2 Formation by the Water-Splitting Mn4Ca Cluster in Photosystem II. Biochemistry 2020; 59:3902-3917. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.0c00541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J. Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Richard J. Debus
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
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37
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Evaluation of new low-valent computational models for the oxygen-evolving complex of photosystem II. Chem Phys Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2020.137629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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38
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Recent advances in heterogeneous Mn-based electrocatalysts toward biological photosynthetic Mn4Ca cluster. Catal Today 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2016.12.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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39
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Cox N, Pantazis DA, Lubitz W. Current Understanding of the Mechanism of Water Oxidation in Photosystem II and Its Relation to XFEL Data. Annu Rev Biochem 2020; 89:795-820. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-biochem-011520-104801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The investigation of water oxidation in photosynthesis has remained a central topic in biochemical research for the last few decades due to the importance of this catalytic process for technological applications. Significant progress has been made following the 2011 report of a high-resolution X-ray crystallographic structure resolving the site of catalysis, a protein-bound Mn4CaOxcomplex, which passes through ≥5 intermediate states in the water-splitting cycle. Spectroscopic techniques complemented by quantum chemical calculations aided in understanding the electronic structure of the cofactor in all (detectable) states of the enzymatic process. Together with isotope labeling, these techniques also revealed the binding of the two substrate water molecules to the cluster. These results are described in the context of recent progress using X-ray crystallography with free-electron lasers on these intermediates. The data are instrumental for developing a model for the biological water oxidation cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Cox
- Research School of Chemistry, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia
| | | | - Wolfgang Lubitz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Energiekonversion, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
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40
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Ibrahim M, Fransson T, Chatterjee R, Cheah MH, Hussein R, Lassalle L, Sutherlin KD, Young ID, Fuller FD, Gul S, Kim IS, Simon PS, de Lichtenberg C, Chernev P, Bogacz I, Pham CC, Orville AM, Saichek N, Northen T, Batyuk A, Carbajo S, Alonso-Mori R, Tono K, Owada S, Bhowmick A, Bolotovsky R, Mendez D, Moriarty NW, Holton JM, Dobbek H, Brewster AS, Adams PD, Sauter NK, Bergmann U, Zouni A, Messinger J, Kern J, Yachandra VK, Yano J. Untangling the sequence of events during the S 2 → S 3 transition in photosystem II and implications for the water oxidation mechanism. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:12624-12635. [PMID: 32434915 PMCID: PMC7293653 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2000529117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
In oxygenic photosynthesis, light-driven oxidation of water to molecular oxygen is carried out by the oxygen-evolving complex (OEC) in photosystem II (PS II). Recently, we reported the room-temperature structures of PS II in the four (semi)stable S-states, S1, S2, S3, and S0, showing that a water molecule is inserted during the S2 → S3 transition, as a new bridging O(H)-ligand between Mn1 and Ca. To understand the sequence of events leading to the formation of this last stable intermediate state before O2 formation, we recorded diffraction and Mn X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES) data at several time points during the S2 → S3 transition. At the electron acceptor site, changes due to the two-electron redox chemistry at the quinones, QA and QB, are observed. At the donor site, tyrosine YZ and His190 H-bonded to it move by 50 µs after the second flash, and Glu189 moves away from Ca. This is followed by Mn1 and Mn4 moving apart, and the insertion of OX(H) at the open coordination site of Mn1. This water, possibly a ligand of Ca, could be supplied via a "water wheel"-like arrangement of five waters next to the OEC that is connected by a large channel to the bulk solvent. XES spectra show that Mn oxidation (τ of ∼350 µs) during the S2 → S3 transition mirrors the appearance of OX electron density. This indicates that the oxidation state change and the insertion of water as a bridging atom between Mn1 and Ca are highly correlated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Ibrahim
- Institut für Biologie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, D-10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Fransson
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ruchira Chatterjee
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Mun Hon Cheah
- Department of Chemistry - Ångström, Molecular Biomimetics, Uppsala University, SE 75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Rana Hussein
- Institut für Biologie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, D-10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Louise Lassalle
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Kyle D Sutherlin
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Iris D Young
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Franklin D Fuller
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025
| | - Sheraz Gul
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - In-Sik Kim
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Philipp S Simon
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Casper de Lichtenberg
- Department of Chemistry - Ångström, Molecular Biomimetics, Uppsala University, SE 75120 Uppsala, Sweden
- Institutionen för Kemi, Kemiskt Biologiskt Centrum, Umeå Universitet, SE 90187 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Petko Chernev
- Department of Chemistry - Ångström, Molecular Biomimetics, Uppsala University, SE 75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Isabel Bogacz
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Cindy C Pham
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Allen M Orville
- Diamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, OX11 0DE Didcot, United Kingdom
- Research Complex at Harwell, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, OX11 0FA Didcot, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas Saichek
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Trent Northen
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Alexander Batyuk
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025
| | - Sergio Carbajo
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025
| | - Roberto Alonso-Mori
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025
| | - Kensuke Tono
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, 679-5198 Hyogo, Japan
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, 679-5148 Hyogo, Japan
| | - Shigeki Owada
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, 679-5198 Hyogo, Japan
| | - Asmit Bhowmick
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Robert Bolotovsky
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Derek Mendez
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Nigel W Moriarty
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - James M Holton
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158
| | - Holger Dobbek
- Institut für Biologie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, D-10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Aaron S Brewster
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Paul D Adams
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Nicholas K Sauter
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Uwe Bergmann
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025
| | - Athina Zouni
- Institut für Biologie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, D-10115 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Johannes Messinger
- Department of Chemistry - Ångström, Molecular Biomimetics, Uppsala University, SE 75120 Uppsala, Sweden;
- Institutionen för Kemi, Kemiskt Biologiskt Centrum, Umeå Universitet, SE 90187 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Jan Kern
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Vittal K Yachandra
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720;
| | - Junko Yano
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720;
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41
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Water-oxidizing complex in Photosystem II: Its structure and relation to manganese-oxide based catalysts. Coord Chem Rev 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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42
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Ertem MZ, Concepcion JJ. Oxygen Atom Transfer as an Alternative Pathway for Oxygen–Oxygen Bond Formation. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:5966-5974. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b03751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mehmed Z. Ertem
- Chemistry Division, Energy & Photon Sciences Directorate, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, United States
| | - Javier J. Concepcion
- Chemistry Division, Energy & Photon Sciences Directorate, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, United States
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43
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The study of conformational changes in photosystem II during a charge separation. J Mol Model 2020; 26:75. [PMID: 32152736 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-020-4332-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Photosystem II (PSII) is a multi-subunit pigment-protein complex and is one of several protein assemblies that function cooperatively in photosynthesis in plants and cyanobacteria. As more structural data on PSII become available, new questions arise concerning the nature of the charge separation in PSII reaction center (RC). The crystal structure of PSII RC from cyanobacteria Thermosynechococcus vulcanus was selected for the computational study of conformational changes in photosystem II associated to the charge separation process. The parameterization of cofactors and lipids for classical MD simulation with Amber force field was performed. The parametrized complex of PSII was embedded in the lipid membrane for MD simulation with Amber in Gromacs. The conformational behavior of protein and the cofactors directly involved in the charge separation were studied by MD simulations and QM/MM calculations. This study identified the most likely mechanism of the proton-coupled reduction of plastoquinone QB. After the charge separation and the first electron transfer to QB, the system undergoes conformational change allowing the first proton transfer to QB- mediated via Ser264. After the second electron transfer to QBH, the system again adopts conformation allowing the second proton transfer to QBH-. The reduced QBH2 would then leave the binding pocket.
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44
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Baumgardner DF, Parks WE, Gilbertson JD. Harnessing the active site triad: merging hemilability, proton responsivity, and ligand-based redox-activity. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:960-965. [PMID: 31907502 PMCID: PMC7386000 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt04470a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Metalloenzymes catalyze many important reactions by managing the proton and electron flux at the enzyme active site. The motifs utilized to facilitate these transformations include hemilabile, redox-active, and so called proton responsive sites. Given the importance of incorporating and understanding these motifs in the area of coordination chemistry and catalysis, we highlight recent milestones in the field. Work incorporating the triad of hemilability, redox-activity, and proton responsivity into single ligand scaffolds will be described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas F Baumgardner
- Department of Chemistry, Western Washington University, Bellingham, Washington 98225, USA.
| | - Wyatt E Parks
- Department of Chemistry, Western Washington University, Bellingham, Washington 98225, USA.
| | - John D Gilbertson
- Department of Chemistry, Western Washington University, Bellingham, Washington 98225, USA.
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45
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Nakamura S, Capone M, Narzi D, Guidoni L. Pivotal role of the redox-active tyrosine in driving the water splitting catalyzed by photosystem II. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:273-285. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp04605d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
TyrZ oxidation state triggers hydrogen bond modification in the water oxidation catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin Nakamura
- Department of Biochemical Sciences “A. Rossi Fanelli”
- University of Rome “Sapienza”
- Rome
- Italy
| | - Matteo Capone
- Department of Information Engineering, Computational Science, and Mathematics
- Università dell’Aquila
- L’Aquila
- Italy
| | - Daniele Narzi
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne Av. F.-A. Forel 2
- 1015 Lausanne
- Switzerland
| | - Leonardo Guidoni
- Department of Physical and Chemical Science
- Università dell’Aquila
- L’Aquila
- Italy
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46
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Ye S, Ding C, Liu M, Wang A, Huang Q, Li C. Water Oxidation Catalysts for Artificial Photosynthesis. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1902069. [PMID: 31495962 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201902069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Water oxidation is the primary reaction of both natural and artificial photosynthesis. Developing active and robust water oxidation catalysts (WOCs) is the key to constructing efficient artificial photosynthesis systems, but it is still facing enormous challenges in both fundamental and applied aspects. Here, the recent developments in molecular catalysts and heterogeneous nanoparticle catalysts are reviewed with special emphasis on biomimetic catalysts and the integration of WOCs into artificial photosystems. The highly efficient artificial photosynthesis depends largely on active WOCs integrated into light harvesting materials via rational interface engineering based on in-depth understanding of charge dynamics and the reaction mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, The Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan Road 457, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Chunmei Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, The Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan Road 457, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Mingyao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, The Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan Road 457, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Aoqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, The Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan Road 457, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Qinge Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, The Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan Road 457, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Can Li
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, The Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan Road 457, Dalian, 116023, China
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47
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Lubitz W, Chrysina M, Cox N. Water oxidation in photosystem II. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2019; 142:105-125. [PMID: 31187340 PMCID: PMC6763417 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-019-00648-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Biological water oxidation, performed by a single enzyme, photosystem II, is a central research topic not only in understanding the photosynthetic apparatus but also for the development of water splitting catalysts for technological applications. Great progress has been made in this endeavor following the report of a high-resolution X-ray crystallographic structure in 2011 resolving the cofactor site (Umena et al. in Nature 473:55-60, 2011), a tetra-manganese calcium complex. The electronic properties of the protein-bound water oxidizing Mn4OxCa complex are crucial to understand its catalytic activity. These properties include: its redox state(s) which are tuned by the protein matrix, the distribution of the manganese valence and spin states and the complex interactions that exist between the four manganese ions. In this short review we describe how magnetic resonance techniques, particularly EPR, complemented by quantum chemical calculations, have played an important role in understanding the electronic structure of the cofactor. Together with isotope labeling, these techniques have also been instrumental in deciphering the binding of the two substrate water molecules to the cluster. These results are briefly described in the context of the history of biological water oxidation with special emphasis on recent work using time resolved X-ray diffraction with free electron lasers. It is shown that these data are instrumental for developing a model of the biological water oxidation cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Lubitz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Energiekonversion, Mülheim/Ruhr, Germany
| | - Maria Chrysina
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Energiekonversion, Mülheim/Ruhr, Germany
| | - Nicholas Cox
- Research School of Chemistry, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
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48
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Takemoto H, Sugiura M, Noguchi T. Proton Release Process during the S2-to-S3 Transition of Photosynthetic Water Oxidation As Revealed by the pH Dependence of Kinetics Monitored by Time-Resolved Infrared Spectroscopy. Biochemistry 2019; 58:4276-4283. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.9b00680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Takemoto
- Division of Material Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Miwa Sugiura
- Proteo-Science Research Center, Ehime University, Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan
| | - Takumi Noguchi
- Division of Material Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
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49
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Ghosh I, Khan S, Banerjee G, Dziarski A, Vinyard DJ, Debus RJ, Brudvig GW. Insights into Proton-Transfer Pathways during Water Oxidation in Photosystem II. J Phys Chem B 2019; 123:8195-8202. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b06244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ipsita Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - Sahr Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - Gourab Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - Alisha Dziarski
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - David J. Vinyard
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - Richard J. Debus
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Gary W. Brudvig
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
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50
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Five-coordinate Mn IV intermediate in the activation of nature's water splitting cofactor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:16841-16846. [PMID: 31391299 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1817526116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Nature's water splitting cofactor passes through a series of catalytic intermediates (S0-S4) before O-O bond formation and O2 release. In the second last transition (S2 to S3) cofactor oxidation is coupled to water molecule binding to Mn1. It is this activated, water-enriched all MnIV form of the cofactor that goes on to form the O-O bond, after the next light-induced oxidation to S4 How cofactor activation proceeds remains an open question. Here, we report a so far not described intermediate (S3') in which cofactor oxidation has occurred without water insertion. This intermediate can be trapped in a significant fraction of centers (>50%) in (i) chemical-modified cofactors in which Ca2+ is exchanged with Sr2+; the Mn4O5Sr cofactor remains active, but the S2-S3 and S3-S0 transitions are slower than for the Mn4O5Ca cofactor; and (ii) upon addition of 3% vol/vol methanol; methanol is thought to act as a substrate water analog. The S3' electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) signal is significantly broader than the untreated S3 signal (2.5 T vs. 1.5 T), indicating the cofactor still contains a 5-coordinate Mn ion, as seen in the preceding S2 state. Magnetic double resonance data extend these findings revealing the electronic connectivity of the S3' cofactor is similar to the high spin form of the preceding S2 state, which contains a cuboidal Mn3O4Ca unit tethered to an external, 5-coordinate Mn ion (Mn4). These results demonstrate that cofactor oxidation regulates water molecule insertion via binding to Mn4. The interaction of ammonia with the cofactor is also discussed.
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