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Seitz A, Busch M, Kroemer J, Schneider A, Simon S, Jungmann A, Katus HA, Most P, Ritterhoff J. S100A1's single cysteine is an indispensable redox switch for the protection against diastolic calcium waves in cardiomyocytes. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2024; 327:H000. [PMID: 38819384 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00634.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
The EF-hand calcium (Ca2+) sensor protein S100A1 combines inotropic with antiarrhythmic potency in cardiomyocytes (CMs). Oxidative posttranslational modification (ox-PTM) of S100A1's conserved, single-cysteine residue (C85) via reactive nitrogen species (i.e., S-nitrosylation or S-glutathionylation) has been proposed to modulate conformational flexibility of intrinsically disordered sequence fragments and to increase the molecule's affinity toward Ca2+. Considering the unknown biological functional consequence, we aimed to determine the impact of the C85 moiety of S100A1 as a potential redox switch. We first uncovered that S100A1 is endogenously glutathionylated in the adult heart in vivo. To prevent glutathionylation of S100A1, we generated S100A1 variants that were unresponsive to ox-PTMs. Overexpression of wild-type (WT) and C85-deficient S100A1 protein variants in isolated CM demonstrated equal inotropic potency, as shown by equally augmented Ca2+ transient amplitudes under basal conditions and β-adrenergic receptor (βAR) stimulation. However, in contrast, ox-PTM defective S100A1 variants failed to protect against arrhythmogenic diastolic sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ waves and ryanodine receptor 2 (RyR2) hypernitrosylation during βAR stimulation. Despite diastolic performance failure, C85-deficient S100A1 protein variants exerted similar Ca2+-dependent interaction with the RyR2 than WT-S100A1. Dissecting S100A1's molecular structure-function relationship, our data indicate for the first time that the conserved C85 residue potentially acts as a redox switch that is indispensable for S100A1's antiarrhythmic but not its inotropic potency in CMs. We, therefore, propose a model where C85's ox-PTM determines S100A1's ability to beneficially control diastolic but not systolic RyR2 activity.NEW & NOTEWORTHY S100A1 is an emerging candidate for future gene-therapy treatment of human chronic heart failure. We aimed to study the significance of the conserved single-cysteine 85 (C85) residue in cardiomyocytes. We show that S100A1 is endogenously glutathionylated in the heart and demonstrate that this is dispensable to increase systolic Ca2+ transients, but indispensable for mediating S100A1's protection against sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ waves, which was dependent on the ryanodine receptor 2 (RyR2) nitrosylation status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Seitz
- Molecular and Translational Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Robert-Bosch-Krankenhaus, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Martin Busch
- Molecular and Translational Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jasmin Kroemer
- Molecular and Translational Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andrea Schneider
- Molecular and Translational Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stephanie Simon
- Molecular and Translational Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Jungmann
- Molecular and Translational Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hugo A Katus
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Patrick Most
- Molecular and Translational Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
- Informatics for Life consortium, Klaus Tschira Foundation, Heidelberg, Germany
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Julia Ritterhoff
- Molecular and Translational Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
- Informatics for Life consortium, Klaus Tschira Foundation, Heidelberg, Germany
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2
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Bovo E, Seflova J, Robia SL, Zima AV. Protein carbonylation causes sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca 2+ overload by increasing intracellular Na + level in ventricular myocytes. Pflugers Arch 2024; 476:1077-1086. [PMID: 38769127 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-024-02972-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Diabetes is commonly associated with an elevated level of reactive carbonyl species due to alteration of glucose and fatty acid metabolism. These metabolic changes cause an abnormality in cardiac Ca2+ regulation that can lead to cardiomyopathies. In this study, we explored how the reactive α-dicarbonyl methylglyoxal (MGO) affects Ca2+ regulation in mouse ventricular myocytes. Analysis of intracellular Ca2+ dynamics revealed that MGO (200 μM) increases action potential (AP)-induced Ca2+ transients and sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ load, with a limited effect on L-type Ca2+ channel-mediated Ca2+ transients and SERCA-mediated Ca2+ uptake. At the same time, MGO significantly slowed down cytosolic Ca2+ extrusion by Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCX). MGO also increased the frequency of Ca2+ waves during rest and these Ca2+ release events were abolished by an external solution with zero [Na+] and [Ca2+]. Adrenergic receptor activation with isoproterenol (10 nM) increased Ca2+ transients and SR Ca2+ load, but it also triggered spontaneous Ca2+ waves in 27% of studied cells. Pretreatment of myocytes with MGO increased the fraction of cells with Ca2+ waves during adrenergic receptor stimulation by 163%. Measurements of intracellular [Na+] revealed that MGO increases cytosolic [Na+] by 57% from the maximal effect produced by the Na+-K+ ATPase inhibitor ouabain (20 μM). This increase in cytosolic [Na+] was a result of activation of a tetrodotoxin-sensitive Na+ influx, but not an inhibition of Na+-K+ ATPase. An increase in cytosolic [Na+] after treating cells with ouabain produced similar effects on Ca2+ regulation as MGO. These results suggest that protein carbonylation can affect cardiac Ca2+ regulation by increasing cytosolic [Na+] via a tetrodotoxin-sensitive pathway. This, in turn, reduces Ca2+ extrusion by NCX, causing SR Ca2+ overload and spontaneous Ca2+ waves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Bovo
- Department of Cell & Molecular Physiology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, 2160 South First Avenue, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA
| | - Jaroslava Seflova
- Department of Cell & Molecular Physiology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, 2160 South First Avenue, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA
| | - Seth L Robia
- Department of Cell & Molecular Physiology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, 2160 South First Avenue, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA
| | - Aleksey V Zima
- Department of Cell & Molecular Physiology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, 2160 South First Avenue, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA.
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Pinckard KM, Félix-Soriano E, Hamilton S, Terentyeva R, Baer LA, Wright KR, Nassal D, Esteves JV, Abay E, Shettigar VK, Ziolo MT, Hund TJ, Wold LE, Terentyev D, Stanford KI. Maternal exercise preserves offspring cardiovascular health via oxidative regulation of the ryanodine receptor. Mol Metab 2024; 82:101914. [PMID: 38479548 PMCID: PMC10965826 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2024.101914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The intrauterine environment during pregnancy is a critical factor in the development of obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease in offspring. Maternal exercise prevents the detrimental effects of a maternal high fat diet on the metabolic health in adult offspring, but the effects of maternal exercise on offspring cardiovascular health have not been thoroughly investigated. METHODS To determine the effects of maternal exercise on offspring cardiovascular health, female mice were fed a chow (C; 21% kcal from fat) or high-fat (H; 60% kcal from fat) diet and further subdivided into sedentary (CS, HS) or wheel exercised (CW, HW) prior to pregnancy and throughout gestation. Offspring were maintained in a sedentary state and chow-fed throughout 52 weeks of age and subjected to serial echocardiography and cardiomyocyte isolation for functional and mechanistic studies. RESULTS High-fat fed sedentary dams (HS) produced female offspring with reduced ejection fraction (EF) compared to offspring from chow-fed dams (CS), but EF was preserved in offspring from high-fat fed exercised dams (HW) throughout 52 weeks of age. Cardiomyocytes from HW female offspring had increased kinetics, calcium cycling, and respiration compared to CS and HS offspring. HS offspring had increased oxidation of the RyR2 in cardiomyocytes coupled with increased baseline sarcomere length, resulting in RyR2 overactivity, which was negated in female HW offspring. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest a role for maternal exercise to protect against the detrimental effects of a maternal high-fat diet on female offspring cardiac health. Maternal exercise improved female offspring cardiomyocyte contraction, calcium cycling, respiration, RyR2 oxidation, and RyR2 activity. These data present an important, translatable role for maternal exercise to preserve cardiac health of female offspring and provide insight on mechanisms to prevent the transmission of cardiovascular diseases to subsequent generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey M Pinckard
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Elisa Félix-Soriano
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Surgery, Division of General and Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Shanna Hamilton
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Radmila Terentyeva
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Lisa A Baer
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Surgery, Division of General and Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Katherine R Wright
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Drew Nassal
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Joao Victor Esteves
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Surgery, Division of General and Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Eaman Abay
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Vikram K Shettigar
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Mark T Ziolo
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Thomas J Hund
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University College of Engineering, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Loren E Wold
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiac Surgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Dmitry Terentyev
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Kristin I Stanford
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Surgery, Division of General and Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA.
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Bovo E, Seflova J, Robia SL, Zima AV. Protein carbonylation causes sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ overload by increasing intracellular Na+ level in ventricular myocytes. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-3991887. [PMID: 38464201 PMCID: PMC10925417 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3991887/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Diabetes is commonly associated with an elevated level of reactive carbonyl species due to alteration of glucose and fatty acid metabolism. These metabolic changes cause an abnormality in cardiac Ca2+ regulation that can lead to cardiomyopathies. In this study, we explored how the reactive α-dicarbonyl methylglyoxal (MGO) affects Ca2+ regulation in mouse ventricular myocytes. Analysis of intracellular Ca2+ dynamics revealed that MGO (200 μM) increases action potential (AP)-induced Ca2+ transients and sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ load, with a limited effect on L-type Ca2+ channel-mediated Ca2+ transients and SERCA-mediated Ca2+ uptake. At the same time, MGO significantly slowed down cytosolic Ca2+ extrusion by Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCX). MGO also increased the frequency of Ca2+ waves during rest and these Ca2+ release events were abolished by an external solution with zero [Na+] and [Ca2+]. Adrenergic receptor activation with isoproterenol (10 nM) increased Ca2+ transients and SR Ca2+ load, but it also triggered spontaneous Ca2+ waves in 27% of studied cells. Pretreatment of myocytes with MGO increased the fraction of cells with Ca2+ waves during adrenergic receptor stimulation by 163%. Measurements of intracellular [Na+] revealed that MGO increases cytosolic [Na+] by 57% from the maximal effect produced by the Na+-K+ ATPase inhibitor ouabain (20 μM). This increase in cytosolic [Na+] was a result of activation of a tetrodotoxin-sensitive Na+ influx, but not an inhibition of Na+-K+ ATPase. An increase in cytosolic [Na+] after treating cells with ouabain produced similar effects on Ca2+ regulation as MGO. These results suggest that protein carbonylation can affect cardiac Ca2+ regulation by increasing cytosolic [Na+] via a tetrodotoxin-sensitive pathway. This, in turn, reduces Ca2+ extrusion by NCX, causing SR Ca2+ overload and spontaneous Ca2+ waves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Bovo
- Loyola University Chicago, Stritch School of Medicine
| | | | - Seth L Robia
- Loyola University Chicago, Stritch School of Medicine
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5
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Gómez-Viquez NL, Balderas-Villalobos J, Bello-Sánchez MD, Mayorga-Luna M, Mailloux-Salinas P, García-Castañeda M, Ríos-Pérez EB, Mártinez-Ávila MA, Camacho-Castillo LDC, Bravo G, Ávila G, Altamirano J, Carvajal K. Oxidative stress in early metabolic syndrome impairs cardiac RyR2 and SERCA2a activity and modifies the interplay of these proteins during Ca 2+ waves. Arch Physiol Biochem 2023; 129:1058-1070. [PMID: 33689540 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2021.1895224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
We investigated how oxidative stress (OS) alters Ca2+ handling in ventricular myocytes in early metabolic syndrome (MetS) in sucrose-fed rats. The effects of N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) or dl-Dithiothreitol (DTT) on systolic Ca2+ transients (SCaTs), diastolic Ca2+ sparks (CaS) and Ca2+ waves (CaW), recorded by confocal techniques, and L-type Ca2+ current (ICa), assessed by whole-cell patch clamp, were evaluated in MetS and Control cells. MetS myocytes exhibited decreased SCaTs and CaS frequency but unaffected CaW propagation. In Control cells, NAC/DTT reduced RyR2/SERCA2a activity blunting SCaTs, CaS frequency and CaW propagation, suggesting that basal ROS optimised Ca2+ signalling by maintaining RyR2/SERCA2a function and that these proteins facilitate CaW propagation. Conversely, NAC/DTT in MetS recovered RyR2/SERCA2a function, improving SCaTs and CaS frequency, but unexpectedly decreasing CaW propagation. We hypothesised that OS decreases RyR2/SERCA2a activity at early MetS, and while decreased SERCA2a favours CaW propagation, diminished RyR2 restrains it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norma Leticia Gómez-Viquez
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados-Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Jaime Balderas-Villalobos
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados-Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México
- Laboratorio de Nutrición Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Ma Dolores Bello-Sánchez
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados-Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Maritza Mayorga-Luna
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados-Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Patrick Mailloux-Salinas
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados-Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Maricela García-Castañeda
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados-Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Erick Benjamín Ríos-Pérez
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados-Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México
| | | | | | - Guadalupe Bravo
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados-Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Guillermo Ávila
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados-Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Julio Altamirano
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Monterrey, México
| | - Karla Carvajal
- Laboratorio de Nutrición Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Ciudad de México, México
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6
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Ranjbar T, Oza PP, Kashfi K. The Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System, Nitric Oxide, and Hydrogen Sulfide at the Crossroads of Hypertension and COVID-19: Racial Disparities and Outcomes. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213895. [PMID: 36430371 PMCID: PMC9699619 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 is caused by SARS-CoV-2 and is more severe in the elderly, racial minorities, and those with comorbidities such as hypertension and diabetes. These pathologies are often controlled with medications involving the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). RAAS is an endocrine system involved in maintaining blood pressure and blood volume through components of the system. SARS-CoV-2 enters the cells through ACE2, a membrane-bound protein related to RAAS. Therefore, the use of RAAS inhibitors could worsen the severity of COVID-19's symptoms, especially amongst those with pre-existing comorbidities. Although a vaccine is currently available to prevent and reduce the symptom severity of COVID-19, other options, such as nitric oxide and hydrogen sulfide, may also have utility to prevent and treat this virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tara Ranjbar
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, Sophie Davis School of Biomedical Education, City University of New York School of Medicine, New York, NY 10031, USA
| | - Palak P. Oza
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, Sophie Davis School of Biomedical Education, City University of New York School of Medicine, New York, NY 10031, USA
| | - Khosrow Kashfi
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, Sophie Davis School of Biomedical Education, City University of New York School of Medicine, New York, NY 10031, USA
- Graduate Program in Biology, City University of New York Graduate Center, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Correspondence:
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7
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Fei J, Demillard LJ, Ren J. Reactive oxygen species in cardiovascular diseases: an update. EXPLORATION OF MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.37349/emed.2022.00085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are among the leading causes of death worldwide, imposing major health threats. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are one of the most important products from the process of redox reactions. In the onset and progression of cardiovascular diseases, ROS are believed to heavily influence homeostasis of lipids, proteins, DNA, mitochondria, and energy metabolism. As ROS production increases, the heart is damaged, leading to further production of ROS. The vicious cycle continues on as additional ROS are generated. For example, recent evidence indicated that connexin 43 (Cx43) deficiency and pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) activation led to a loss of protection in cardiomyocytes. In this context, a better understanding of the mechanisms behind ROS production is vital in determining effective treatment and management strategies for cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanjuan Fei
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Laurie J. Demillard
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wyoming College of Health Sciences, Laramie, WY 82071, USA
| | - Jun Ren
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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8
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Yang Y, Jiang K, Liu X, Qin M, Xiang Y. CaMKII in Regulation of Cell Death During Myocardial Reperfusion Injury. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:668129. [PMID: 34141722 PMCID: PMC8204011 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.668129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide. In spite of the mature managements of myocardial infarction (MI), post-MI reperfusion (I/R) injury results in high morbidity and mortality. Cardiomyocyte Ca2+ overload is a major factor of I/R injury, initiating a cascade of events contributing to cardiomyocyte death and myocardial dysfunction. Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) plays a critical role in cardiomyocyte death response to I/R injury, whose activation is a key feature of myocardial I/R in causing intracellular mitochondrial swelling, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+ leakage, abnormal myofilament contraction, and other adverse reactions. CaMKII is a multifunctional serine/threonine protein kinase, and CaMKIIδ, the dominant subtype in heart, has been widely studied in the activation, location, and related pathways of cardiomyocytes death, which has been considered as a potential targets for pharmacological inhibition. In this review, we summarize a brief overview of CaMKII with various posttranslational modifications and its properties in myocardial I/R injury. We focus on the molecular mechanism of CaMKII involved in regulation of cell death induced by myocardial I/R including necroptosis and pyroptosis of cardiomyocyte. Finally, we highlight that targeting CaMKII modifications and cell death involved pathways may provide new insights to understand the conversion of cardiomyocyte fate in the setting of myocardial I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Jiang
- Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mu Qin
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaozu Xiang
- Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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9
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Lemos FO, Bultynck G, Parys JB. A comprehensive overview of the complex world of the endo- and sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca 2+-leak channels. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2021; 1868:119020. [PMID: 33798602 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2021.119020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Inside cells, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) forms the largest Ca2+ store. Ca2+ is actively pumped by the SERCA pumps in the ER, where intraluminal Ca2+-binding proteins enable the accumulation of large amount of Ca2+. IP3 receptors and the ryanodine receptors mediate the release of Ca2+ in a controlled way, thereby evoking complex spatio-temporal signals in the cell. The steady state Ca2+ concentration in the ER of about 500 μM results from the balance between SERCA-mediated Ca2+ uptake and the passive leakage of Ca2+. The passive Ca2+ leak from the ER is often ignored, but can play an important physiological role, depending on the cellular context. Moreover, excessive Ca2+ leakage significantly lowers the amount of Ca2+ stored in the ER compared to normal conditions, thereby limiting the possibility to evoke Ca2+ signals and/or causing ER stress, leading to pathological consequences. The so-called Ca2+-leak channels responsible for Ca2+ leakage from the ER are however still not well understood, despite over 20 different proteins have been proposed to contribute to it. This review has the aim to critically evaluate the available evidence about the various channels potentially involved and to draw conclusions about their relative importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda O Lemos
- KU Leuven, Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Leuven Kanker Instituut, Campus Gasthuisberg O/N-1 B-802, Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Geert Bultynck
- KU Leuven, Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Leuven Kanker Instituut, Campus Gasthuisberg O/N-1 B-802, Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan B Parys
- KU Leuven, Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Leuven Kanker Instituut, Campus Gasthuisberg O/N-1 B-802, Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.
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10
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Infante T, Costa D, Napoli C. Novel Insights Regarding Nitric Oxide and Cardiovascular Diseases. Angiology 2021; 72:411-425. [PMID: 33478246 DOI: 10.1177/0003319720979243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a powerful mediator with biological activities such as vasodilation and prevention of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation as well as functional regulation of cardiac cells. Thus, impaired production or reduced bioavailability of NO predisposes to the onset of different cardiovascular (CV) diseases. Alterations in the redox balance associated with excitation-contraction coupling have been identified in heart failure (HF), thus contributing to contractile abnormalities and arrhythmias. For its ability to influence cell proliferation and angiogenesis, NO may be considered a therapeutic option for the management of several CV diseases. Several clinical studies and trials investigated therapeutic NO strategies for systemic hypertension, atherosclerosis, and/or prevention of in stent restenosis, coronary heart disease (CHD), pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), and HF, although with mixed results in long-term treatment and effective dose administered in selected groups of patients. Tadalafil, sildenafil, and cinaguat were evaluated for the treatment of PAH, whereas vericiguat was investigated in the treatment of HF patients with reduced ejection fraction. Furthermore, supplementation with hydrogen sulfide, tetrahydrobiopterin, and nitrite/nitrate has shown beneficial effects at the vascular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Infante
- Department of Advanced Clinical and Surgical Sciences, 18994University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples, Italy
| | - Dario Costa
- U.O.C. Division of Clinical Immunology, Immunohematology, Transfusion Medicine and Transplant Immunology, Clinical Department of Internal Medicine and Specialistics, 18994University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli," Naples, Italy
| | - Claudio Napoli
- Department of Advanced Clinical and Surgical Sciences, 18994University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples, Italy.,IRCCS SDN, Naples, Italy
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11
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Dashwood A, Cheesman E, Beard N, Haqqani H, Wong YW, Molenaar P. Understanding How Phosphorylation and Redox Modifications Regulate Cardiac Ryanodine Receptor Type 2 Activity to Produce an Arrhythmogenic Phenotype in Advanced Heart Failure. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2020; 3:563-582. [PMID: 32832863 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.0c00003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a global pandemic with significant mortality and morbidity. Despite current medications, 50% of individuals die within 5 years of diagnosis. Of these deaths, 30-50% will be a result of sudden cardiac death from ventricular arrhythmias. This review discusses two stress-induced mechanisms, phosphorylation from chronic β-adrenoceptor (β-AR) stimulation and thiol modifications from oxidative stress, and how they modulate the cardiac ryanodine receptor type 2 (RyR2) and foster an arrhythmogenic phenotype. Calcium (Ca2+) is the ubiquitous secondary messenger of excitation-contraction coupling and provides a common pathway for contractile dysfunction and arrhythmia genesis. In a healthy heart, Ca2+ is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) by RyR2. The open probability of RyR2 is under the dynamic influence of co-proteins, ions, and kinases that are in strict balance to ensure normal physiological functioning. In HF, chronic β-AR activity and production of reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species provide two stress-induced mechanisms uncoupling RyR2 control, resulting in pathological diastolic SR Ca2+ leak. This increased cytosolic [Ca2+] promotes Ca2+ extrusion via the local Na+/Ca2+ exchanger, resulting in net sarcolemmal depolarization, delayed after depolarization and ventricular arrhythmia. Experimental models researching oxidative stress and phosphorylation have aimed to identify how post-translational modifications to the RyR2 macromolecular complex, and the associated Na+/Ca2+ cycling proteins, result in pathological Ca2+ handling and diastolic leak. However, the causative molecular changes remain controversial and undefined. Through understanding the molecular mechanisms that produce an arrhythmic phenotype, novel therapeutic targets to treat HF and prevent its malignant course can be identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Dashwood
- Heart Lung Institute, The Prince Charles Hospital, Chermside, Brisbane, Queensland 4032, Australia.,Cardio-Vascular Molecular & Therapeutics Translational Research Group, Northside Clinical School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4032, Australia.,Griffith University, Southport, Queensland 4215, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Cheesman
- Cardio-Vascular Molecular & Therapeutics Translational Research Group, Northside Clinical School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4032, Australia
| | - Nicole Beard
- Queensland University of Technology (QUT), School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, 60 Musk Avenue, Kelvin Grove, Queensland 4059, Australia.,Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Canberra, Bruce, Australian Capital Territory 2617, Australia
| | - Haris Haqqani
- Heart Lung Institute, The Prince Charles Hospital, Chermside, Brisbane, Queensland 4032, Australia.,Cardio-Vascular Molecular & Therapeutics Translational Research Group, Northside Clinical School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4032, Australia
| | - Yee Weng Wong
- Heart Lung Institute, The Prince Charles Hospital, Chermside, Brisbane, Queensland 4032, Australia.,Cardio-Vascular Molecular & Therapeutics Translational Research Group, Northside Clinical School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4032, Australia
| | - Peter Molenaar
- Cardio-Vascular Molecular & Therapeutics Translational Research Group, Northside Clinical School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4032, Australia.,Queensland University of Technology (QUT), School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, 60 Musk Avenue, Kelvin Grove, Queensland 4059, Australia
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12
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Hendinejad N, Timerghazin QK. Biological control of S-nitrosothiol reactivity: potential role of sigma-hole interactions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:6595-6605. [PMID: 32159182 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp06377c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
S-Nitrosothiols (RSNOs) are ubiquitous biomolecules whose chemistry is tightly controlled in vivo, although the specific molecular mechanisms behind this biological control remain unknown. In this work, we demonstrate, using high-level ab initio and DFT calculations, the ability of RSNOs to participate in intermolecular interactions with electron pair donors/Lewis bases (LBs) via a σ-hole, a region of positive electrostatic potential on the molecular surface at the extension of the N-S bond. Importantly, σ-hole binding is able to modulate the properties of RSNOs by changing the balance between two chemically opposite (antagonistic) resonance components, R-S+[double bond, length as m-dash]N-O- (D) and R-S-/NO+ (I), which are, in addition to the main resonance structure R-S-N[double bond, length as m-dash]O, necessary to describe the unusual electronic structure of RSNOs. σ-Hole binding at the sulfur atom of RSNO promotes the resonance structure D and reduces the resonance structure I, thereby stabilizing the weak N-S bond and making the sulfur atom more electrophilic. On the other hand, increasing the D-character of RSNO by other means (e.g. via N- or O-coordination of a Lewis acid) in turn enhances the σ-hole bonding. Our calculations suggest that in the protein environment a combination of σ-hole bonding of a negatively charged amino acid sidechain at the sulfur atom and N- or O-coordination of a positively charged amino acid sidechain is expected to have a profound effect on the RSNO electronic structure and reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niloufar Hendinejad
- Department of Chemistry, Marquette University, P. O. Box 1881, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201-1881, USA.
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13
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Ronchi C, Bernardi J, Mura M, Stefanello M, Badone B, Rocchetti M, Crotti L, Brink P, Schwartz PJ, Gnecchi M, Zaza A. NOS1AP polymorphisms reduce NOS1 activity and interact with prolonged repolarization in arrhythmogenesis. Cardiovasc Res 2020; 117:472-483. [PMID: 32061134 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvaa036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS NOS1AP single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) correlate with QT prolongation and cardiac sudden death in patients affected by long QT syndrome type 1 (LQT1). NOS1AP targets NOS1 to intracellular effectors. We hypothesize that NOS1AP SNPs cause NOS1 dysfunction and this may converge with prolonged action-potential duration (APD) to facilitate arrhythmias. Here we test (i) the effects of NOS1 inhibition and their interaction with prolonged APD in a guinea pig cardiomyocyte (GP-CMs) LQT1 model; (ii) whether pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) from LQT1 patients differing for NOS1AP variants and mutation penetrance display a phenotype compatible with NOS1 deficiency. METHODS AND RESULTS In GP-CMs, NOS1 was inhibited by S-Methyl-L-thiocitrulline acetate (SMTC) or Vinyl-L-NIO hydrochloride (L-VNIO); LQT1 was mimicked by IKs blockade (JNJ303) and β-adrenergic stimulation (isoproterenol). hiPSC-CMs were obtained from symptomatic (S) and asymptomatic (AS) KCNQ1-A341V carriers, harbouring the minor and major alleles of NOS1AP SNPs (rs16847548 and rs4657139), respectively. In GP-CMs, NOS1 inhibition prolonged APD, enhanced ICaL and INaL, slowed Ca2+ decay, and induced delayed afterdepolarizations. Under action-potential clamp, switching to shorter APD suppressed 'transient inward current' events induced by NOS1 inhibition and reduced cytosolic Ca2+. In S (vs. AS) hiPSC-CMs, APD was longer and ICaL larger; NOS1AP and NOS1 expression and co-localization were decreased. CONCLUSION The minor NOS1AP alleles are associated with NOS1 loss of function. The latter likely contributes to APD prolongation in LQT1 and converges with it to perturb Ca2+ handling. This establishes a mechanistic link between NOS1AP SNPs and aggravation of the arrhythmia phenotype in prolonged repolarization syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlotta Ronchi
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 2, 2016 Milano, Italy
| | - Joyce Bernardi
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 2, 2016 Milano, Italy
| | - Manuela Mura
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Sciences, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo - Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology for Cell and Molecular Therapies, Viale Camillo Golgi 19, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Manuela Stefanello
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Sciences, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo - Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology for Cell and Molecular Therapies, Viale Camillo Golgi 19, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Beatrice Badone
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 2, 2016 Milano, Italy
| | - Marcella Rocchetti
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 2, 2016 Milano, Italy
| | - Lia Crotti
- Center for Cardiac Arrhythmias of Genetic Origin, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Via Pier Lombardo 22, 20135 Milan, Italy.,Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy.,Department of Cardiovascular, Neural and Metabolic Sciences, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, San Luca Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Paul Brink
- Department of Medicine, University of Stellenbosch, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - Peter J Schwartz
- Center for Cardiac Arrhythmias of Genetic Origin, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Via Pier Lombardo 22, 20135 Milan, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Gnecchi
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Sciences, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo - Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology for Cell and Molecular Therapies, Viale Camillo Golgi 19, 27100 Pavia, Italy.,Unit of Cardiology, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Antonio Zaza
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 2, 2016 Milano, Italy.,Cardiovascular Research Institute (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
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14
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Lillo MA, Himelman E, Shirokova N, Xie LH, Fraidenraich D, Contreras JE. S-nitrosylation of connexin43 hemichannels elicits cardiac stress-induced arrhythmias in Duchenne muscular dystrophy mice. JCI Insight 2019; 4:130091. [PMID: 31751316 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.130091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) commonly present with severe ventricular arrhythmias that contribute to heart failure. Arrhythmias and lethality are also consistently observed in adult Dmdmdx mice, a mouse model of DMD, after acute β-adrenergic stimulation. These pathological features were previously linked to aberrant expression and remodeling of the cardiac gap junction protein connexin43 (Cx43). Here, we report that remodeled Cx43 protein forms Cx43 hemichannels in the lateral membrane of Dmdmdx cardiomyocytes and that the β-adrenergic agonist isoproterenol (Iso) aberrantly activates these hemichannels. Block of Cx43 hemichannels or a reduction in Cx43 levels (using Dmdmdx Cx43+/- mice) prevents the abnormal increase in membrane permeability, plasma membrane depolarization, and Iso-evoked electrical activity in these cells. Additionally, Iso treatment promotes nitric oxide (NO) production and S-nitrosylation of Cx43 hemichannels in Dmdmdx heart. Importantly, inhibition of NO production prevents arrhythmias evoked by Iso. We found that NO directly activates Cx43 hemichannels by S-nitrosylation of cysteine at position 271. Our results demonstrate that opening of remodeled and S-nitrosylated Cx43 hemichannels plays a key role in the development of arrhythmias in DMD mice and that these channels may serve as therapeutic targets to prevent fatal arrhythmias in patients with DMD .
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eric Himelman
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | | | - Lai-Hua Xie
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | - Diego Fraidenraich
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA
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15
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Hayashida K, Ichinose F. Response by Hayashida and Ichinose to Letter Regarding Article, "Improvement in Outcomes After Cardiac Arrest and Resuscitation by Inhibition of S-Nitrosoglutathione Reductase". Circulation 2019; 140:e192-e193. [PMID: 31381424 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.119.041024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kei Hayashida
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Fumito Ichinose
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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16
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Avula UMR, Hernandez JJ, Yamazaki M, Valdivia CR, Chu A, Rojas-Pena A, Kaur K, Ramos-Mondragón R, Anumonwo JM, Nattel S, Valdivia HH, Kalifa J. Atrial Infarction-Induced Spontaneous Focal Discharges and Atrial Fibrillation in Sheep: Role of Dantrolene-Sensitive Aberrant Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 2019. [PMID: 29540372 DOI: 10.1161/circep.117.005659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mechanisms underlying spontaneous atrial fibrillation (AF) associated with atrial ischemia/infarction are incompletely elucidated. Here, we investigate the mechanisms underlying spontaneous AF in an ovine model of left atrial myocardial infarction (LAMI). METHODS AND RESULTS LAMI was created by ligating the atrial branch of the left anterior descending coronary artery. ECG loop recorders were implanted to monitor AF episodes. In 7 sheep, dantrolene-a ryanodine receptor blocker-was administered in vivo during the 8-day observation period (LAMI-D, 2.5 mg/kg, IV, BID). LAMI animals experienced numerous spontaneous AF episodes during the 8-day monitoring period that were suppressed by dantrolene (LAMI, 26.1±5.1; sham, 4.3±1.1; LAMI-D, 2.8±0.8; mean±SEM episodes per sheep, P<0.01). Optical mapping showed spontaneous focal discharges (SFDs) originating from the ischemic/normal-zone border. SFDs were calcium driven, rate dependent, and enhanced by isoproterenol (0.03 µmol/L, from 210±87 to 3816±1450, SFDs per sheep) but suppressed by dantrolene (to 55.8±32.8, SFDs per sheep, mean±SEM). SFDs initiated AF-maintaining reentrant rotors anchored by marked conduction delays at the ischemic/normal-zone border. NOS1 (NO synthase-1) protein expression decreased in ischemic zone myocytes, whereas NADPH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, reduced form) oxidase and xanthine oxidase enzyme activities and reactive oxygen species (DCF [6-carboxy-2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate]-fluorescence) increased. CaM (calmodulin) aberrantly increased [3H]ryanodine binding to cardiac RyR2 (ryanodine receptors) in the ischemic zone. Dantrolene restored the physiological binding of CaM to RyR2. CONCLUSIONS Atrial ischemia causes spontaneous AF episodes in sheep, caused by SFDs that initiate reentry. Nitroso-redox imbalance in the ischemic zone is associated with intense reactive oxygen species production and altered RyR2 responses to CaM. Dantrolene administration normalizes the CaM response, prevents LAMI-related SFDs, and AF initiation. These findings provide novel insights into the mechanisms underlying ischemia-related atrial arrhythmias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uma Mahesh R Avula
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY (U.M.R.A.); Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Arrhythmia Research (J.J.H., C.R.V., K.K., R.R.-M., J.A., H.H.V.) and Department of Surgery (A.R.-P.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; Medical Device Development and Regulation Research Center, The University of Tokyo, Japan (M.Y.); Department of Cardiology, Brown University, Providence, RI (A.C., J.K.); Department of Medicine and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Québec (S.N.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada (S.N.); and Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Centre, University Duisburg-Essen (S.N.)
| | - Jonathan J Hernandez
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY (U.M.R.A.); Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Arrhythmia Research (J.J.H., C.R.V., K.K., R.R.-M., J.A., H.H.V.) and Department of Surgery (A.R.-P.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; Medical Device Development and Regulation Research Center, The University of Tokyo, Japan (M.Y.); Department of Cardiology, Brown University, Providence, RI (A.C., J.K.); Department of Medicine and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Québec (S.N.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada (S.N.); and Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Centre, University Duisburg-Essen (S.N.)
| | - Masatoshi Yamazaki
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY (U.M.R.A.); Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Arrhythmia Research (J.J.H., C.R.V., K.K., R.R.-M., J.A., H.H.V.) and Department of Surgery (A.R.-P.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; Medical Device Development and Regulation Research Center, The University of Tokyo, Japan (M.Y.); Department of Cardiology, Brown University, Providence, RI (A.C., J.K.); Department of Medicine and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Québec (S.N.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada (S.N.); and Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Centre, University Duisburg-Essen (S.N.)
| | - Carmen R Valdivia
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY (U.M.R.A.); Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Arrhythmia Research (J.J.H., C.R.V., K.K., R.R.-M., J.A., H.H.V.) and Department of Surgery (A.R.-P.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; Medical Device Development and Regulation Research Center, The University of Tokyo, Japan (M.Y.); Department of Cardiology, Brown University, Providence, RI (A.C., J.K.); Department of Medicine and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Québec (S.N.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada (S.N.); and Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Centre, University Duisburg-Essen (S.N.)
| | - Antony Chu
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY (U.M.R.A.); Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Arrhythmia Research (J.J.H., C.R.V., K.K., R.R.-M., J.A., H.H.V.) and Department of Surgery (A.R.-P.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; Medical Device Development and Regulation Research Center, The University of Tokyo, Japan (M.Y.); Department of Cardiology, Brown University, Providence, RI (A.C., J.K.); Department of Medicine and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Québec (S.N.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada (S.N.); and Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Centre, University Duisburg-Essen (S.N.)
| | - Alvaro Rojas-Pena
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY (U.M.R.A.); Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Arrhythmia Research (J.J.H., C.R.V., K.K., R.R.-M., J.A., H.H.V.) and Department of Surgery (A.R.-P.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; Medical Device Development and Regulation Research Center, The University of Tokyo, Japan (M.Y.); Department of Cardiology, Brown University, Providence, RI (A.C., J.K.); Department of Medicine and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Québec (S.N.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada (S.N.); and Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Centre, University Duisburg-Essen (S.N.)
| | - Kuljeet Kaur
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY (U.M.R.A.); Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Arrhythmia Research (J.J.H., C.R.V., K.K., R.R.-M., J.A., H.H.V.) and Department of Surgery (A.R.-P.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; Medical Device Development and Regulation Research Center, The University of Tokyo, Japan (M.Y.); Department of Cardiology, Brown University, Providence, RI (A.C., J.K.); Department of Medicine and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Québec (S.N.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada (S.N.); and Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Centre, University Duisburg-Essen (S.N.)
| | - Roberto Ramos-Mondragón
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY (U.M.R.A.); Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Arrhythmia Research (J.J.H., C.R.V., K.K., R.R.-M., J.A., H.H.V.) and Department of Surgery (A.R.-P.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; Medical Device Development and Regulation Research Center, The University of Tokyo, Japan (M.Y.); Department of Cardiology, Brown University, Providence, RI (A.C., J.K.); Department of Medicine and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Québec (S.N.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada (S.N.); and Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Centre, University Duisburg-Essen (S.N.)
| | - Justus M Anumonwo
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY (U.M.R.A.); Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Arrhythmia Research (J.J.H., C.R.V., K.K., R.R.-M., J.A., H.H.V.) and Department of Surgery (A.R.-P.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; Medical Device Development and Regulation Research Center, The University of Tokyo, Japan (M.Y.); Department of Cardiology, Brown University, Providence, RI (A.C., J.K.); Department of Medicine and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Québec (S.N.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada (S.N.); and Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Centre, University Duisburg-Essen (S.N.)
| | - Stanley Nattel
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY (U.M.R.A.); Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Arrhythmia Research (J.J.H., C.R.V., K.K., R.R.-M., J.A., H.H.V.) and Department of Surgery (A.R.-P.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; Medical Device Development and Regulation Research Center, The University of Tokyo, Japan (M.Y.); Department of Cardiology, Brown University, Providence, RI (A.C., J.K.); Department of Medicine and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Québec (S.N.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada (S.N.); and Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Centre, University Duisburg-Essen (S.N.)
| | - Héctor H Valdivia
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY (U.M.R.A.); Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Arrhythmia Research (J.J.H., C.R.V., K.K., R.R.-M., J.A., H.H.V.) and Department of Surgery (A.R.-P.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; Medical Device Development and Regulation Research Center, The University of Tokyo, Japan (M.Y.); Department of Cardiology, Brown University, Providence, RI (A.C., J.K.); Department of Medicine and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Québec (S.N.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada (S.N.); and Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Centre, University Duisburg-Essen (S.N.)
| | - Jérôme Kalifa
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY (U.M.R.A.); Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Arrhythmia Research (J.J.H., C.R.V., K.K., R.R.-M., J.A., H.H.V.) and Department of Surgery (A.R.-P.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; Medical Device Development and Regulation Research Center, The University of Tokyo, Japan (M.Y.); Department of Cardiology, Brown University, Providence, RI (A.C., J.K.); Department of Medicine and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Québec (S.N.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada (S.N.); and Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Centre, University Duisburg-Essen (S.N.).
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17
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Zhong YL, Weisel M, Humphrey GR, Muzzio DJ, Zhang L, Huffman MA, Zhong W, Maloney KM, Campos KR. Scalable Synthesis of Diazeniumdiolates: Application to the Preparation of MK-8150. Org Lett 2019; 21:4210-4214. [PMID: 31117712 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b01401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic diazeniumdiolate (DAZD)-based nitric oxide is utilized to modulate the nitric oxide (NO) concentration in cellular environments and to control physiological processes, yet chemists are still struggling to find efficient and scalable methodologies that will enable them to access sufficient quantities of the high-energy diazeniumdiolate intermediates for biological studies. Now, a general, scalable, safer, and high-yielding new methodology adaptable to the large-scale synthesis of DAZDs has been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Li Zhong
- Department of Process Research and Development, MRL , Merck & Co., Inc. , Rahway , New Jersey 07065 , United States
| | - Mark Weisel
- Department of Process Research and Development, MRL , Merck & Co., Inc. , Rahway , New Jersey 07065 , United States
| | - Guy R Humphrey
- Department of Process Research and Development, MRL , Merck & Co., Inc. , Rahway , New Jersey 07065 , United States
| | - Daniel J Muzzio
- Department of Process Research and Development, MRL , Merck & Co., Inc. , Rahway , New Jersey 07065 , United States
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Process Research and Development, MRL , Merck & Co., Inc. , Rahway , New Jersey 07065 , United States
| | - Mark A Huffman
- Department of Process Research and Development, MRL , Merck & Co., Inc. , Rahway , New Jersey 07065 , United States
| | - Wendy Zhong
- Department of Process Research and Development, MRL , Merck & Co., Inc. , Rahway , New Jersey 07065 , United States
| | - Kevin M Maloney
- Department of Process Research and Development, MRL , Merck & Co., Inc. , Rahway , New Jersey 07065 , United States
| | - Kevin R Campos
- Department of Process Research and Development, MRL , Merck & Co., Inc. , Rahway , New Jersey 07065 , United States
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18
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Nikolaienko R, Bovo E, Zima AV. Redox Dependent Modifications of Ryanodine Receptor: Basic Mechanisms and Implications in Heart Diseases. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1775. [PMID: 30574097 PMCID: PMC6291498 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart contraction vitally depends on tightly controlled intracellular Ca regulation. Because contraction is mainly driven by Ca released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR), this organelle plays a particularly important role in Ca regulation. The type two ryanodine receptor (RyR2) is the major SR Ca release channel in ventricular myocytes. Several cardiac pathologies, including myocardial infarction and heart failure, are associated with increased RyR2 activity and diastolic SR Ca leak. It has been suggested that the increased RyR2 activity plays an important role in arrhythmias and contractile dysfunction. Several studies have linked increased SR Ca leak during myocardial infarction and heart failure to the activation of RyR2 in response to oxidative stress. This activation might include direct oxidation of RyR2 as well as indirect activation via phosphorylation or altered interactions with regulatory proteins. Out of ninety cysteine residues per RyR2 subunit, twenty one were reported to be in reduced state that could be potential targets for redox modifications that include S-nitrosylation, S-glutathionylation, and disulfide cross-linking. Despite its clinical significance, molecular mechanisms of RyR dysfunction during oxidative stress are not fully understood. Herein we review the most recent insights into redox-dependent modulation of RyR2 during oxidative stress and heart diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Nikolaienko
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, United States
| | - Elisa Bovo
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, United States
| | - Aleksey V Zima
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, United States
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Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) signalling has pleiotropic roles in biology and a crucial function in cardiovascular homeostasis. Tremendous knowledge has been accumulated on the mechanisms of the nitric oxide synthase (NOS)-NO pathway, but how this highly reactive, free radical gas signals to specific targets for precise regulation of cardiovascular function remains the focus of much intense research. In this Review, we summarize the updated paradigms on NOS regulation, NO interaction with reactive oxidant species in specific subcellular compartments, and downstream effects of NO in target cardiovascular tissues, while emphasizing the latest developments of molecular tools and biomarkers to modulate and monitor NO production and bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Farah
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics (FATH), Institut de Recherche Experimentale et Clinique (IREC) and Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, UCL-FATH Tour Vésale 5th Floor, 52 Avenue Mounier B1.53.09, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lauriane Y M Michel
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics (FATH), Institut de Recherche Experimentale et Clinique (IREC) and Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, UCL-FATH Tour Vésale 5th Floor, 52 Avenue Mounier B1.53.09, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jean-Luc Balligand
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics (FATH), Institut de Recherche Experimentale et Clinique (IREC) and Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, UCL-FATH Tour Vésale 5th Floor, 52 Avenue Mounier B1.53.09, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
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21
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Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is an imperative regulator of the cardiovascular system and is a critical mechanism in preventing the pathogenesis and progression of the diseased heart. The scenario of bioavailable NO in the myocardium is complex: 1) NO is derived from both endogenous NO synthases (endothelial, neuronal, and/or inducible NOSs [eNOS, nNOS, and/or iNOS]) and exogenous sources (entero-salivary NO pathway) and the amount of NO from exogenous sources varies significantly; 2) NOSs are located at discrete compartments of cardiac myocytes and are regulated by distinctive mechanisms under stress; 3) NO regulates diverse target proteins through different modes of post-transcriptional modification (soluble guanylate cyclase [sGC]/cyclic guanosine monophosphate [cGMP]/protein kinase G [PKG]-dependent phosphorylation,
S-nitrosylation, and transnitrosylation); 4) the downstream effectors of NO are multidimensional and vary from ion channels in the plasma membrane to signalling proteins and enzymes in the mitochondria, cytosol, nucleus, and myofilament; 5) NOS produces several radicals in addition to NO (e.g. superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, peroxynitrite, and different NO-related derivatives) and triggers redox-dependent responses. However, nNOS inhibits cardiac oxidases to reduce the sources of oxidative stress in diseased hearts. Recent consensus indicates the importance of nNOS protein in cardiac protection under pathological stress. In addition, a dietary regime with high nitrate intake from fruit and vegetables together with unsaturated fatty acids is strongly associated with reduced cardiovascular events. Collectively, NO-dependent mechanisms in healthy and diseased hearts are better understood and shed light on the therapeutic prospects for NO and NOSs in clinical applications for fatal human heart diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Hua Zhang
- Department of Physiology & Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, 103 Dae Hak Ro, Chong No Gu, 110-799 Seoul, Korea, South.,Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, Jilin Province, 133000, China.,Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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22
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Abstract
Cardiac arrhythmias can follow disruption of the normal cellular electrophysiological processes underlying excitable activity and their tissue propagation as coherent wavefronts from the primary sinoatrial node pacemaker, through the atria, conducting structures and ventricular myocardium. These physiological events are driven by interacting, voltage-dependent, processes of activation, inactivation, and recovery in the ion channels present in cardiomyocyte membranes. Generation and conduction of these events are further modulated by intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis, and metabolic and structural change. This review describes experimental studies on murine models for known clinical arrhythmic conditions in which these mechanisms were modified by genetic, physiological, or pharmacological manipulation. These exemplars yielded molecular, physiological, and structural phenotypes often directly translatable to their corresponding clinical conditions, which could be investigated at the molecular, cellular, tissue, organ, and whole animal levels. Arrhythmogenesis could be explored during normal pacing activity, regular stimulation, following imposed extra-stimuli, or during progressively incremented steady pacing frequencies. Arrhythmic substrate was identified with temporal and spatial functional heterogeneities predisposing to reentrant excitation phenomena. These could arise from abnormalities in cardiac pacing function, tissue electrical connectivity, and cellular excitation and recovery. Triggering events during or following recovery from action potential excitation could thereby lead to sustained arrhythmia. These surface membrane processes were modified by alterations in cellular Ca2+ homeostasis and energetics, as well as cellular and tissue structural change. Study of murine systems thus offers major insights into both our understanding of normal cardiac activity and its propagation, and their relationship to mechanisms generating clinical arrhythmias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher L-H Huang
- Physiological Laboratory and the Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Probing the Fractal Pattern of Heartbeats in Drosophila Pupae by Visible Optical Recording System. Sci Rep 2016; 6:31950. [PMID: 27535299 PMCID: PMC4989149 DOI: 10.1038/srep31950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Judiciously tuning heart rates is critical for regular cardiovascular function. The fractal pattern of heartbeats — a multiscale regulation in instantaneous fluctuations — is well known for vertebrates. The most primitive heart system of the Drosophila provides a useful model to understand the evolutional origin of such a fractal pattern as well as the alterations of fractal pattern during diseased statuses. We developed a non-invasive visible optical heart rate recording system especially suitable for long-term recording by using principal component analysis (PCA) instead of fluorescence recording system to avoid the confounding effect from intense light irradiation. To deplete intracellular Ca2+ levels, the expression of sarco-endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA) was tissue-specifically knocked down. The SERCA group shows longer heart beat intervals (Mean ± SD: 1009.7 ± 151.6 ms) as compared to the control group (545.5 ± 45.4 ms, p < 0.001). The multiscale correlation of SERCA group (scaling exponent: 0.77 ± 0.07), on the other hand, is weaker than that of the control Drosophila (scaling exponent: 0.85 ± 0.03) (p = 0.016).
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Vielma AZ, León L, Fernández IC, González DR, Boric MP. Nitric Oxide Synthase 1 Modulates Basal and β-Adrenergic-Stimulated Contractility by Rapid and Reversible Redox-Dependent S-Nitrosylation of the Heart. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0160813. [PMID: 27529477 PMCID: PMC4986959 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0160813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
S-nitrosylation of several Ca2+ regulating proteins in response to β-adrenergic stimulation was recently described in the heart; however the specific nitric oxide synthase (NOS) isoform and signaling pathways responsible for this modification have not been elucidated. NOS-1 activity increases inotropism, therefore, we tested whether β-adrenergic stimulation induces NOS-1-dependent S-nitrosylation of total proteins, the ryanodine receptor (RyR2), SERCA2 and the L-Type Ca2+ channel (LTCC). In the isolated rat heart, isoproterenol (10 nM, 3-min) increased S-nitrosylation of total cardiac proteins (+46±14%) and RyR2 (+146±77%), without affecting S-nitrosylation of SERCA2 and LTCC. Selective NOS-1 blockade with S-methyl-L-thiocitrulline (SMTC) and Nω-propyl-l-arginine decreased basal contractility and relaxation (−25–30%) and basal S-nitrosylation of total proteins (−25–60%), RyR2, SERCA2 and LTCC (−60–75%). NOS-1 inhibition reduced (−25–40%) the inotropic response and protein S-nitrosylation induced by isoproterenol, particularly that of RyR2 (−85±7%). Tempol, a superoxide scavenger, mimicked the effects of NOS-1 inhibition on inotropism and protein S-nitrosylation; whereas selective NOS-3 inhibitor L-N5-(1-Iminoethyl)ornithine had no effect. Inhibition of NOS-1 did not affect phospholamban phosphorylation, but reduced its oligomerization. Attenuation of contractility was abolished by PKA blockade and unaffected by guanylate cyclase inhibition. Additionally, in isolated mouse cardiomyocytes, NOS-1 inhibition or removal reduced the Ca2+-transient amplitude and sarcomere shortening induced by isoproterenol or by direct PKA activation. We conclude that 1) normal cardiac performance requires basal NOS-1 activity and S-nitrosylation of the calcium-cycling machinery; 2) β-adrenergic stimulation induces rapid and reversible NOS-1 dependent, PKA and ROS-dependent, S-nitrosylation of RyR2 and other proteins, accounting for about one third of its inotropic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Z. Vielma
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, PO Box 114-D, Santiago, Chile
| | - Luisa León
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, PO Box 114-D, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ignacio C. Fernández
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, PO Box 114-D, Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniel R. González
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Talca, Av. Lircay S.N., Talca, Chile
| | - Mauricio P. Boric
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, PO Box 114-D, Santiago, Chile
- * E-mail:
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25
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Bovo E, Mazurek SR, de Tombe PP, Zima AV. Increased Energy Demand during Adrenergic Receptor Stimulation Contributes to Ca(2+) Wave Generation. Biophys J 2016; 109:1583-91. [PMID: 26488649 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2015.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Revised: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
While β-adrenergic receptor (β-AR) stimulation ensures adequate cardiac output during stress, it can also trigger life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias. We have previously shown that proarrhythmic Ca(2+) waves during β-AR stimulation temporally coincide with augmentation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that increased energy demand during β-AR stimulation plays an important role in mitochondrial ROS production and Ca(2+)-wave generation in rabbit ventricular myocytes. We found that β-AR stimulation with isoproterenol (0.1 μM) decreased the mitochondrial redox potential and the ratio of reduced to oxidated glutathione. As a result, β-AR stimulation increased mitochondrial ROS production. These metabolic changes induced by isoproterenol were associated with increased sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca(2+) leak and frequent diastolic Ca(2+) waves. Inhibition of cell contraction with the myosin ATPase inhibitor blebbistatin attenuated oxidative stress as well as spontaneous SR Ca(2+) release events during β-AR stimulation. Furthermore, we found that oxidative stress induced by β-AR stimulation caused the formation of disulfide bonds between two ryanodine receptor (RyR) subunits, referred to as intersubunit cross-linking. Preventing RyR cross-linking with N-ethylmaleimide decreased the propensity of Ca(2+) waves induced by β-AR stimulation. These data suggest that increased energy demand during sustained β-AR stimulation weakens mitochondrial antioxidant defense, causing ROS release into the cytosol. By inducing RyR intersubunit cross-linking, ROS can increase SR Ca(2+) leak to the critical level that can trigger proarrhythmic Ca(2+) waves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Bovo
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Loyola University Chicago, Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, Illinois
| | - Stefan R Mazurek
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Loyola University Chicago, Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, Illinois
| | - Pieter P de Tombe
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Loyola University Chicago, Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, Illinois
| | - Aleksey V Zima
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Loyola University Chicago, Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, Illinois.
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26
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Becerra R, Román B, Di Carlo MN, Mariangelo JI, Salas M, Sanchez G, Donoso P, Schinella GR, Vittone L, Wehrens XH, Mundiña-Weilenmann C, Said M. Reversible redox modifications of ryanodine receptor ameliorate ventricular arrhythmias in the ischemic-reperfused heart. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2016; 311:H713-24. [PMID: 27422983 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00142.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Previous results from our laboratory showed that phosphorylation of ryanodine receptor 2 (RyR2) by Ca(2+) calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII) was a critical but not the unique event responsible for the production of reperfusion-induced arrhythmogenesis, suggesting the existence of other mechanisms cooperating in an additive way to produce these rhythm alterations. Oxidative stress is a prominent feature of ischemia/reperfusion injury. Both CaMKII and RyR2 are proteins susceptible to alteration by redox modifications. This study was designed to elucidate whether CaMKII and RyR2 redox changes occur during reperfusion and whether these changes are involved in the genesis of arrhythmias. Langendorff-perfused hearts from rats or transgenic mice with genetic ablation of CaMKII phosphorylation site on RyR2 (S2814A) were subjected to ischemia-reperfusion in the presence or absence of a free radical scavenger (mercaptopropionylglycine, MPG) or inhibitors of NADPH oxidase and nitric oxide synthase. Left ventricular contractile parameters and monophasic action potentials were recorded. Oxidation and phosphorylation of CaMKII and RyR2 were assessed. Increased oxidation of CaMKII during reperfusion had no consequences on the level of RyR2 phosphorylation. Avoiding the reperfusion-induced thiol oxidation of RyR2 with MPG produced a reduction in the number of arrhythmias and did not modify the contractile recovery. Conversely, selective prevention of S-nitrosylation and S-glutathionylation of RyR2 was associated with higher numbers of arrhythmias and impaired contractility. In S2814A mice, treatment with MPG further reduced the incidence of arrhythmias. Taken together, the results suggest that redox modification of RyR2 synergistically with CaMKII phosphorylation modulates reperfusion arrhythmias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romina Becerra
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, CCT-CONICET La Plata, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Bárbara Román
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, CCT-CONICET La Plata, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Mariano N Di Carlo
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, CCT-CONICET La Plata, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Juan Ignacio Mariangelo
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, CCT-CONICET La Plata, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Margarita Salas
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, CCT-CONICET La Plata, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Gina Sanchez
- Programa de Fisiopatología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paulina Donoso
- Programa de Fisiología y Biofísica, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Guillermo R Schinella
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CIC-PBA, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Leticia Vittone
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, CCT-CONICET La Plata, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Xander H Wehrens
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Department of Medicine (in Cardiology), Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Cecilia Mundiña-Weilenmann
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, CCT-CONICET La Plata, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Matilde Said
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, CCT-CONICET La Plata, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina;
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Differential regulation of TRPV1 channels by H2O2: implications for diabetic microvascular dysfunction. Basic Res Cardiol 2016; 111:21. [PMID: 26907473 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-016-0539-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrated previously that TRPV1-dependent coupling of coronary blood flow (CBF) to metabolism is disrupted in diabetes. A critical amount of H2O2 contributes to CBF regulation; however, excessive H2O2 impairs responses. We sought to determine the extent to which differential regulation of TRPV1 by H2O2 modulates CBF and vascular reactivity in diabetes. We used contrast echocardiography to study TRPV1 knockout (V1KO), db/db diabetic, and wild type C57BKS/J (WT) mice. H2O2 dose-dependently increased CBF in WT mice, a response blocked by the TRPV1 antagonist SB366791. H2O2-induced vasodilation was significantly inhibited in db/db and V1KO mice. H2O2 caused robust SB366791-sensitive dilation in WT coronary microvessels; however, this response was attenuated in vessels from db/db and V1KO mice, suggesting H2O2-induced vasodilation occurs, in part, via TRPV1. Acute H2O2 exposure potentiated capsaicin-induced CBF responses and capsaicin-mediated vasodilation in WT mice, whereas prolonged luminal H2O2 exposure blunted capsaicin-induced vasodilation. Electrophysiology studies re-confirms acute H2O2 exposure activated TRPV1 in HEK293A and bovine aortic endothelial cells while establishing that H2O2 potentiate capsaicin-activated TRPV1 currents, whereas prolonged H2O2 exposure attenuated TRPV1 currents. Verification of H2O2-mediated activation of intrinsic TRPV1 specific currents were found in isolated mouse coronary endothelial cells from WT mice and decreased in endothelial cells from V1KO mice. These data suggest prolonged H2O2 exposure impairs TRPV1-dependent coronary vascular signaling. This may contribute to microvascular dysfunction and tissue perfusion deficits characteristic of diabetes.
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Crosstalk between RyR2 oxidation and phosphorylation contributes to cardiac dysfunction in mice with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2015; 89:177-84. [PMID: 26555638 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2015.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Revised: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) are at risk of developing cardiomyopathy and cardiac arrhythmias. Studies in a mouse model of DMD revealed that enhanced sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca(2+) leak contributes to the pathogenesis of cardiac dysfunction. In view of recent data suggesting the involvement of altered phosphorylation and oxidation of the cardiac ryanodine receptor (RyR2)/Ca(2+) release channel, we hypothesized that inhibition of RyR2 phosphorylation in a mouse model of DMD can prevent SR Ca(2+) leak by reducing RyR2 oxidation. METHODS AND RESULTS Confocal Ca(2+) imaging and single RyR2 channel recordings revealed that both inhibition of S2808 or S2814 phosphorylation, and inhibition of oxidation could normalize RyR2 activity in mdx mice. Moreover, Western blotting revealed that genetic inhibition of RyR2 phosphorylation at S2808 or S2814 reduced RyR2 oxidation. Production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in myocytes from mdx mice was reduced by both inhibition of RyR2 phosphorylation or the ROS scavenger 2-mercaptopropionyl glycine (MPG). Finally, it was shown that ROS production in mdx mice is proportional to the activity of RyR2-mediated SR Ca(2+) leak, and likely generated by Nox2. CONCLUSIONS Increased ROS production in the hearts of mdx mice drives the progression of cardiac dysfunction. Inhibition of RyR2 phosphorylation can suppress SR Ca(2+) leak in mdx mouse hearts in part by reducing RyR2 oxidation.
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Erickson JR, Nichols CB, Uchinoumi H, Stein ML, Bossuyt J, Bers DM. S-Nitrosylation Induces Both Autonomous Activation and Inhibition of Calcium/Calmodulin-dependent Protein Kinase II δ. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:25646-56. [PMID: 26316536 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.650234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
NO is known to modulate calcium handling and cellular signaling in the myocardium, but key targets for NO in the heart remain unidentified. Recent reports have implied that NO can activate calcium/calmodulin (Ca(2+)/CaM)-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) in neurons and the heart. Here we use our novel sensor of CaMKII activation, Camui, to monitor changes in the conformation and activation of cardiac CaMKII (CaMKIIδ) activity after treatment with the NO donor S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO). We demonstrate that exposure to NO after Ca(2+)/CaM binding to CaMKIIδ results in autonomous kinase activation, which is abolished by mutation of the Cys-290 site. However, exposure of CaMKIIδ to GSNO prior to Ca(2+)/CaM exposure strongly suppresses kinase activation and conformational change by Ca(2+)/CaM. This NO-induced inhibition was ablated by mutation of the Cys-273 site. We found parallel effects of GSNO on CaM/CaMKIIδ binding and CaMKIIδ-dependent ryanodine receptor activation in adult cardiac myocytes. We conclude that NO can play a dual role in regulating cardiac CaMKIIδ activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey R Erickson
- From the Department of Physiology, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand and
| | - C Blake Nichols
- the Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Hitoshi Uchinoumi
- the Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Matthew L Stein
- the Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Julie Bossuyt
- the Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Donald M Bers
- the Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
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30
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Murfitt L, Whiteley G, Iqbal MM, Kitmitto A. Targeting caveolin-3 for the treatment of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Pharmacol Ther 2015; 151:50-71. [PMID: 25779609 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2015.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes is a global health problem with more than 550 million people predicted to be diabetic by 2030. A major complication of diabetes is cardiovascular disease, which accounts for over two-thirds of mortality and morbidity in diabetic patients. This increased risk has led to the definition of a diabetic cardiomyopathy phenotype characterised by early left ventricular dysfunction with normal ejection fraction. Here we review the aetiology of diabetic cardiomyopathy and explore the involvement of the protein caveolin-3 (Cav3). Cav3 forms part of a complex mechanism regulating insulin signalling and glucose uptake, processes that are impaired in diabetes. Further, Cav3 is key for stabilisation and trafficking of cardiac ion channels to the plasma membrane and so contributes to the cardiac action potential shape and duration. In addition, Cav3 has direct and indirect interactions with proteins involved in excitation-contraction coupling and so has the potential to influence cardiac contractility. Significantly, both impaired contractility and rhythm disturbances are hallmarks of diabetic cardiomyopathy. We review here how changes to Cav3 expression levels and altered relationships with interacting partners may be contributory factors to several of the pathological features identified in diabetic cardiomyopathy. Finally, the review concludes by considering ways in which levels of Cav3 may be manipulated in order to develop novel therapeutic approaches for treating diabetic cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy Murfitt
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, M13 9NT, UK
| | - Gareth Whiteley
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, M13 9NT, UK
| | - Mohammad M Iqbal
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, M13 9NT, UK
| | - Ashraf Kitmitto
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, M13 9NT, UK.
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31
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Roussel J, Thireau J, Brenner C, Saint N, Scheuermann V, Lacampagne A, Le Guennec JY, Fauconnier J. Palmitoyl-carnitine increases RyR2 oxidation and sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ leak in cardiomyocytes: Role of adenine nucleotide translocase. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2015; 1852:749-58. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2015.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2014] [Revised: 01/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Victorino VJ, Mencalha AL, Panis C. Post-translational modifications disclose a dual role for redox stress in cardiovascular pathophysiology. Life Sci 2015; 129:42-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2014.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Revised: 11/03/2014] [Accepted: 11/11/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Plummer BN, Liu H, Wan X, Deschênes I, Laurita KR. Targeted antioxidant treatment decreases cardiac alternans associated with chronic myocardial infarction. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 2014; 8:165-73. [PMID: 25491741 DOI: 10.1161/circep.114.001789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In myocardial infarction (MI), repolarization alternans is a potent arrhythmia substrate that has been linked to Ca2+ cycling proteins, such as sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA2a), located in the sarcoplasmic reticulum. MI is also associated with oxidative stress and increased xanthine oxidase (XO) activity, an important source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the sarcoplasmic reticulum that may reduce SERCA2a function. We hypothesize that in chronic MI, XO-mediated oxidation of SERCA2a is a mechanism of cardiac alternans. METHODS AND RESULTS Male Lewis rats underwent ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery (n=54) or sham procedure (n=24). At 4 weeks, optical mapping of intracellular Ca2+ and ROS was performed. ECG T-wave alternans (ECG ALT) and Ca2+ transient alternans (Ca2+ALT) were induced by rapid pacing (300-120 ms) before and after the XO inhibitor allopurinol (ALLO, 50 µmol/L). In MI, ECG ALT (2.32±0.41%) and Ca2+ ALT (22.3±4.5%) were significantly greater compared with sham (0.18±0.08%, P<0.001; 0.79±0.32%, P<0.01). Additionally, ROS was increased by 137% (P<0.01) and oxidation of SERCA2a by 30% (P<0.05) in MI compared with sham. Treatment with ALLO significantly decreased ECG ALT (-77±9%, P<0.05) and Ca2+ ALT (-56±7%, P<0.05) and, importantly, reduced ROS (-65%, P<0.01) and oxidation of SERCA2a (-38%, P<0.05). CaMKII inhibition and general antioxidant treatment had no effect on ECG ALT and Ca2+ ALT. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate, for the first time, that in MI, increased ROS from XO is a significant cause of repolarization alternans. This suggests that targeting XO ROS production may be effective at preventing arrhythmia substrates in chronic MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley N Plummer
- From The Heart and Vascular Research Center, Department of Medicine, MetroHealth Campus (B.N.P., H.L., X.W., I.D., K.R.L.), and Department of Biomedical Engineering (B.N.P., I.D., K.R.L.), Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
| | - Haiyan Liu
- From The Heart and Vascular Research Center, Department of Medicine, MetroHealth Campus (B.N.P., H.L., X.W., I.D., K.R.L.), and Department of Biomedical Engineering (B.N.P., I.D., K.R.L.), Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
| | - Xiaoping Wan
- From The Heart and Vascular Research Center, Department of Medicine, MetroHealth Campus (B.N.P., H.L., X.W., I.D., K.R.L.), and Department of Biomedical Engineering (B.N.P., I.D., K.R.L.), Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
| | - Isabelle Deschênes
- From The Heart and Vascular Research Center, Department of Medicine, MetroHealth Campus (B.N.P., H.L., X.W., I.D., K.R.L.), and Department of Biomedical Engineering (B.N.P., I.D., K.R.L.), Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
| | - Kenneth R Laurita
- From The Heart and Vascular Research Center, Department of Medicine, MetroHealth Campus (B.N.P., H.L., X.W., I.D., K.R.L.), and Department of Biomedical Engineering (B.N.P., I.D., K.R.L.), Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH.
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Chiang DY, Kongchan N, Beavers DL, Alsina KM, Voigt N, Neilson JR, Jakob H, Martin JF, Dobrev D, Wehrens XHT, Li N. Loss of microRNA-106b-25 cluster promotes atrial fibrillation by enhancing ryanodine receptor type-2 expression and calcium release. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 2014; 7:1214-22. [PMID: 25389315 DOI: 10.1161/circep.114.001973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Enhanced sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-leak via ryanodine receptor type-2 (RyR2) contributes to the pathogenesis of atrial fibrillation (AF). Recent studies have shown that the level of RyR2 protein is elevated in atria of patients with paroxysmal AF, suggesting that microRNA-mediated post-transcriptional regulation of RyR2 might be an underlying mechanism. Bioinformatic analysis suggests that miR-106b and miR-93, members of the miR-106b-25 cluster, could bind to RyR2-3'-untranslated region and suppress its translation. Thus, we tested the hypothesis that loss of the miR-106b-25 cluster promotes AF via enhanced RyR2-mediated sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-leak. METHODS AND RESULTS Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction showed that the levels of mature miR-106b, miR-93, and miR-25 were lower in atria of patients with paroxysmal AF when compared with patients in sinus rhythm. In vitro assay showed that miR-93 reduced RyR2-3'-untranslated region luciferase activity. Total RyR2 protein in atrial tissue of miR-106b-25(-/-) mice was increased by 42% when compared with wild-type littermates but still maintained a normal subcellular distribution. Ca(2+)-spark frequency and total sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-leak were increased in atrial myocytes of miR-106b-25(-/-) mice. Telemetry ECG recordings revealed that miR-106b-25(-/-) mice exhibited more frequent atrial ectopy and were also more susceptible to pacing-induced AF than wild-type littermates. Increased sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-release and AF susceptibility in miR-106b-25(-/-) mice were abolished by the RyR2 blocker K201. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that miR-106b-25 cluster-mediated post-transcriptional regulation of RyR2 is a potential molecular mechanism involved in paroxysmal AF pathogenesis. As such, the miR-106b-25 cluster could be a novel gene-therapy target in AF associated with enhanced RyR2 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Y Chiang
- From the Cardiovascular Research Institute (D.Y.C., D.L.B., K.M.A., J.F.M., X.H.T.W., N.L.), Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (D.Y.C., N.K., D.L.B., K.M.A., J.R.N., J.F.M., X.H.T.W., N.L.) Interdepartmental Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine (D.Y.C., D.L.B.), Department of Medicine (Cardiology) (X.H.T.W.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Texas Heart Institute, Houston (J.F.M.); Institute of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany (N.V., D.D.); and Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital, Essen, Germany (H.J.)
| | - Natee Kongchan
- From the Cardiovascular Research Institute (D.Y.C., D.L.B., K.M.A., J.F.M., X.H.T.W., N.L.), Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (D.Y.C., N.K., D.L.B., K.M.A., J.R.N., J.F.M., X.H.T.W., N.L.) Interdepartmental Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine (D.Y.C., D.L.B.), Department of Medicine (Cardiology) (X.H.T.W.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Texas Heart Institute, Houston (J.F.M.); Institute of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany (N.V., D.D.); and Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital, Essen, Germany (H.J.)
| | - David L Beavers
- From the Cardiovascular Research Institute (D.Y.C., D.L.B., K.M.A., J.F.M., X.H.T.W., N.L.), Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (D.Y.C., N.K., D.L.B., K.M.A., J.R.N., J.F.M., X.H.T.W., N.L.) Interdepartmental Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine (D.Y.C., D.L.B.), Department of Medicine (Cardiology) (X.H.T.W.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Texas Heart Institute, Houston (J.F.M.); Institute of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany (N.V., D.D.); and Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital, Essen, Germany (H.J.)
| | - Katherina M Alsina
- From the Cardiovascular Research Institute (D.Y.C., D.L.B., K.M.A., J.F.M., X.H.T.W., N.L.), Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (D.Y.C., N.K., D.L.B., K.M.A., J.R.N., J.F.M., X.H.T.W., N.L.) Interdepartmental Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine (D.Y.C., D.L.B.), Department of Medicine (Cardiology) (X.H.T.W.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Texas Heart Institute, Houston (J.F.M.); Institute of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany (N.V., D.D.); and Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital, Essen, Germany (H.J.)
| | - Niels Voigt
- From the Cardiovascular Research Institute (D.Y.C., D.L.B., K.M.A., J.F.M., X.H.T.W., N.L.), Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (D.Y.C., N.K., D.L.B., K.M.A., J.R.N., J.F.M., X.H.T.W., N.L.) Interdepartmental Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine (D.Y.C., D.L.B.), Department of Medicine (Cardiology) (X.H.T.W.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Texas Heart Institute, Houston (J.F.M.); Institute of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany (N.V., D.D.); and Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital, Essen, Germany (H.J.)
| | - Joel R Neilson
- From the Cardiovascular Research Institute (D.Y.C., D.L.B., K.M.A., J.F.M., X.H.T.W., N.L.), Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (D.Y.C., N.K., D.L.B., K.M.A., J.R.N., J.F.M., X.H.T.W., N.L.) Interdepartmental Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine (D.Y.C., D.L.B.), Department of Medicine (Cardiology) (X.H.T.W.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Texas Heart Institute, Houston (J.F.M.); Institute of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany (N.V., D.D.); and Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital, Essen, Germany (H.J.)
| | - Heinz Jakob
- From the Cardiovascular Research Institute (D.Y.C., D.L.B., K.M.A., J.F.M., X.H.T.W., N.L.), Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (D.Y.C., N.K., D.L.B., K.M.A., J.R.N., J.F.M., X.H.T.W., N.L.) Interdepartmental Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine (D.Y.C., D.L.B.), Department of Medicine (Cardiology) (X.H.T.W.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Texas Heart Institute, Houston (J.F.M.); Institute of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany (N.V., D.D.); and Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital, Essen, Germany (H.J.)
| | - James F Martin
- From the Cardiovascular Research Institute (D.Y.C., D.L.B., K.M.A., J.F.M., X.H.T.W., N.L.), Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (D.Y.C., N.K., D.L.B., K.M.A., J.R.N., J.F.M., X.H.T.W., N.L.) Interdepartmental Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine (D.Y.C., D.L.B.), Department of Medicine (Cardiology) (X.H.T.W.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Texas Heart Institute, Houston (J.F.M.); Institute of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany (N.V., D.D.); and Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital, Essen, Germany (H.J.)
| | - Dobromir Dobrev
- From the Cardiovascular Research Institute (D.Y.C., D.L.B., K.M.A., J.F.M., X.H.T.W., N.L.), Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (D.Y.C., N.K., D.L.B., K.M.A., J.R.N., J.F.M., X.H.T.W., N.L.) Interdepartmental Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine (D.Y.C., D.L.B.), Department of Medicine (Cardiology) (X.H.T.W.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Texas Heart Institute, Houston (J.F.M.); Institute of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany (N.V., D.D.); and Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital, Essen, Germany (H.J.)
| | - Xander H T Wehrens
- From the Cardiovascular Research Institute (D.Y.C., D.L.B., K.M.A., J.F.M., X.H.T.W., N.L.), Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (D.Y.C., N.K., D.L.B., K.M.A., J.R.N., J.F.M., X.H.T.W., N.L.) Interdepartmental Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine (D.Y.C., D.L.B.), Department of Medicine (Cardiology) (X.H.T.W.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Texas Heart Institute, Houston (J.F.M.); Institute of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany (N.V., D.D.); and Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital, Essen, Germany (H.J.)
| | - Na Li
- From the Cardiovascular Research Institute (D.Y.C., D.L.B., K.M.A., J.F.M., X.H.T.W., N.L.), Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (D.Y.C., N.K., D.L.B., K.M.A., J.R.N., J.F.M., X.H.T.W., N.L.) Interdepartmental Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine (D.Y.C., D.L.B.), Department of Medicine (Cardiology) (X.H.T.W.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Texas Heart Institute, Houston (J.F.M.); Institute of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany (N.V., D.D.); and Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital, Essen, Germany (H.J.).
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Ziolo MT, Houser SR. Abnormal Ca(2+) cycling in failing ventricular myocytes: role of NOS1-mediated nitroso-redox balance. Antioxid Redox Signal 2014; 21:2044-59. [PMID: 24801117 PMCID: PMC4208612 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2014.5873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Heart failure (HF) results from poor heart function and is the leading cause of death in Western society. Abnormalities of Ca(2+) handling at the level of the ventricular myocyte are largely responsible for much of the poor heart function. RECENT ADVANCES Although studies have unraveled numerous mechanisms for the abnormal Ca(2+) handling, investigations over the past decade have indicated that much of the contractile dysfunction and adverse remodeling that occurs in HF involves oxidative stress. CRITICAL ISSUES Regrettably, antioxidant therapy has been an immense disappointment in clinical trials. Thus, redox signaling is being reassessed to elucidate why antioxidants failed to treat HF. FUTURE DIRECTIONS A recently identified aspect of redox signaling (specifically the superoxide anion radical) is its interaction with nitric oxide, known as the nitroso-redox balance. There is a large nitroso-redox imbalance with HF, and we suggest that correcting this imbalance may be able to restore myocyte contraction and improve heart function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark T Ziolo
- 1 Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University , Columbus, Ohio
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Ziolo MT, Mohler PJ. Defining the role of oxidative stress in atrial fibrillation and diabetes. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2014; 26:223-5. [PMID: 25298131 DOI: 10.1111/jce.12560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 09/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mark T Ziolo
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology;, Department of Internal Medicine, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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Harisa GI, Mariee AD, Abo-Salem OM, Attiaa SM. Erythrocyte nitric oxide synthase as a surrogate marker for mercury-induced vascular damage: the modulatory effects of naringin. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2014; 29:1314-1322. [PMID: 23650045 DOI: 10.1002/tox.21862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2012] [Revised: 03/02/2013] [Accepted: 03/05/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In this study, endothelial nitric oxide synthase activity and nitric oxide (NO) production by human erythrocytes in the presence and absence of mercuric chloride (HgCl2 ), L-arginine (L-ARG), N ω- nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), and naringin (NAR) were investigated. In addition, the levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) and related enzymes were estimated in erythrocytes hemolysate. The protein carbonyl content (PCC) and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) levels were also determined. The results of this study revealed that the treatment of erythrocytes with either HgCl2 or L-NAME induced a significant decrease in NOS activity and nitrite levels compared with control cells. Furthermore, mercury exposure significantly increased the levels of PCC and TBARS but reduced the GSH level. The activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) were inhibited. The exposure of erythrocytes to HgCl2 in combination with L-ARG, NAR, or both ameliorated the investigated parameters compared with erythrocytes incubated with HgCl2 alone. These results indicate that mercury exposure decreased both erythrocyte NOS activity and nitrite production, and that these parameters might be indicative of mercury exposure. The data also suggest that concomitant treatment with NAR can restore NO bioavailability through either its metal-chelating properties or its antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gamaleldin I Harisa
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Kayyali Chair for Pharmaceutical Industry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; Department of Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University (Boys), Cairo, Egypt
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Houser SR. Role of RyR2 phosphorylation in heart failure and arrhythmias: protein kinase A-mediated hyperphosphorylation of the ryanodine receptor at serine 2808 does not alter cardiac contractility or cause heart failure and arrhythmias. Circ Res 2014; 114:1320-7; discussion 1327. [PMID: 24723657 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.114.300569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This Controversies in Research article discusses the hypothesis that protein kinase A (PKA)-mediated phosphorylation of the Ryanodine Receptor (RyR) at a single serine (RyRS2808) is essential for normal sympathetic regulation of cardiac myocyte contractility and is responsible for the disturbed Ca(2+) regulation that underlies depressed contractility in heart failure. Studies supporting this hypothesis have associated hyperphosphorylation of RyRS2808 and heart failure progression in animals and humans and have shown that a phosphorylation defective RyR mutant mouse (RyRS2808A) does not respond normally to sympathetic agonists and does not exhibit heart failure symptoms after myocardial infarction. Studies to confirm and extend these ideas have failed to support the original data. Experiments from many different laboratories have convincingly shown that PKA-mediated RyRS2808 phosphorylation does not play any significant role in the normal sympathetic regulation of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ release or cardiac contractility. Hearts and myocytes from RyRS2808A mice have been shown to respond normally to sympathetic agonists, and to increase Ca(2+) influx, Ca(2+) transients, and Ca(2+) efflux. Although the RyR is involved in heart failure-related Ca(2+) disturbances, this results from Ca(2+)-calmodulin kinase II and reactive oxygen species-mediated regulation rather than by RyR2808 phosphorylation. Also, a new study has shown that RyRS2808A mice are not protected from myocardial infarction. Collectively, there is now a clear consensus in the published literature showing that dysregulated RyRs contribute to the altered Ca(2+) regulatory phenotype of the failing heart, but PKA-mediated phosphorylation of RyRS2808 has little or no role in these alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven R Houser
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
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Carvajal K, Balderas-Villalobos J, Bello-Sanchez MD, Phillips-Farfán B, Molina-Muñoz T, Aldana-Quintero H, Gómez-Viquez NL. Ca(2+) mishandling and cardiac dysfunction in obesity and insulin resistance: role of oxidative stress. Cell Calcium 2014; 56:408-15. [PMID: 25168907 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2014.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2014] [Revised: 08/01/2014] [Accepted: 08/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Obesity and insulin resistance (IR) are strongly connected to the development of subclinical cardiac dysfunction and eventually can lead to heart failure, which is the main cause of morbidity and death in patients having these metabolic diseases. It has been considered that excessive fat tissue may play a critical role in producing systemic IR and enhancing reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. This oxidative stress (OS) may elicit or exacerbate IR. On the other hand, evidence suggests that some of the cellular mechanisms involved in the pathophysiology of obesity and IR-related cardiomyopathy are excessive myocardial ROS production and abnormal Ca(2+) homeostasis. In addition, emerging evidence suggests that augmented ROS production may contribute to Ca(2+) mishandling by affecting the redox state of key proteins implicated in this process. In this review, we focus on the role of Ca(2+) mishandling in the development of cardiac dysfunction in obesity and IR and address the evidence suggesting that OS might also contribute to cardiac dysfunction by affecting Ca(2+) handling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla Carvajal
- Laboratorio de Nutrición Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jaime Balderas-Villalobos
- Laboratorio de Nutrición Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Mexico City, Mexico; Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados-Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ma Dolores Bello-Sanchez
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados-Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Bryan Phillips-Farfán
- Laboratorio de Nutrición Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Tzindilu Molina-Muñoz
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados-Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Hugo Aldana-Quintero
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados-Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Norma L Gómez-Viquez
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados-Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico.
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Single-nucleotide variations in cardiac arrhythmias: prospects for genomics and proteomics based biomarker discovery and diagnostics. Genes (Basel) 2014; 5:254-69. [PMID: 24705329 PMCID: PMC4094932 DOI: 10.3390/genes5020254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2013] [Revised: 02/19/2014] [Accepted: 02/19/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are a large contributor to causes of early death in developed countries. Some of these conditions, such as sudden cardiac death and atrial fibrillation, stem from arrhythmias—a spectrum of conditions with abnormal electrical activity in the heart. Genome-wide association studies can identify single nucleotide variations (SNVs) that may predispose individuals to developing acquired forms of arrhythmias. Through manual curation of published genome-wide association studies, we have collected a comprehensive list of 75 SNVs associated with cardiac arrhythmias. Ten of the SNVs result in amino acid changes and can be used in proteomic-based detection methods. In an effort to identify additional non-synonymous mutations that affect the proteome, we analyzed the post-translational modification S-nitrosylation, which is known to affect cardiac arrhythmias. We identified loss of seven known S-nitrosylation sites due to non-synonymous single nucleotide variations (nsSNVs). For predicted nitrosylation sites we found 1429 proteins where the sites are modified due to nsSNV. Analysis of the predicted S-nitrosylation dataset for over- or under-representation (compared to the complete human proteome) of pathways and functional elements shows significant statistical over-representation of the blood coagulation pathway. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis displays statistically over-represented terms related to muscle contraction, receptor activity, motor activity, cystoskeleton components, and microtubule activity. Through the genomic and proteomic context of SNVs and S-nitrosylation sites presented in this study, researchers can look for variation that can predispose individuals to cardiac arrhythmias. Such attempts to elucidate mechanisms of arrhythmia thereby add yet another useful parameter in predicting susceptibility for cardiac diseases.
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Curran J, Tang L, Roof SR, Velmurugan S, Millard A, Shonts S, Wang H, Santiago D, Ahmad U, Perryman M, Bers DM, Mohler PJ, Ziolo MT, Shannon TR. Nitric oxide-dependent activation of CaMKII increases diastolic sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium release in cardiac myocytes in response to adrenergic stimulation. PLoS One 2014; 9:e87495. [PMID: 24498331 PMCID: PMC3911966 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0087495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2013] [Accepted: 12/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Spontaneous calcium waves in cardiac myocytes are caused by diastolic sarcoplasmic reticulum release (SR Ca(2+) leak) through ryanodine receptors. Beta-adrenergic (β-AR) tone is known to increase this leak through the activation of Ca-calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaMKII) and the subsequent phosphorylation of the ryanodine receptor. When β-AR drive is chronic, as observed in heart failure, this CaMKII-dependent effect is exaggerated and becomes potentially arrhythmogenic. Recent evidence has indicated that CaMKII activation can be regulated by cellular oxidizing agents, such as reactive oxygen species. Here, we investigate how the cellular second messenger, nitric oxide, mediates CaMKII activity downstream of the adrenergic signaling cascade and promotes the generation of arrhythmogenic spontaneous Ca(2+) waves in intact cardiomyocytes. Both SCaWs and SR Ca(2+) leak were measured in intact rabbit and mouse ventricular myocytes loaded with the Ca-dependent fluorescent dye, fluo-4. CaMKII activity in vitro and immunoblotting for phosphorylated residues on CaMKII, nitric oxide synthase, and Akt were measured to confirm activity of these enzymes as part of the adrenergic cascade. We demonstrate that stimulation of the β-AR pathway by isoproterenol increased the CaMKII-dependent SR Ca(2+) leak. This increased leak was prevented by inhibition of nitric oxide synthase 1 but not nitric oxide synthase 3. In ventricular myocytes isolated from wild-type mice, isoproterenol stimulation also increased the CaMKII-dependent leak. Critically, in myocytes isolated from nitric oxide synthase 1 knock-out mice this effect is ablated. We show that isoproterenol stimulation leads to an increase in nitric oxide production, and nitric oxide alone is sufficient to activate CaMKII and increase SR Ca(2+) leak. Mechanistically, our data links Akt to nitric oxide synthase 1 activation downstream of β-AR stimulation. Collectively, this evidence supports the hypothesis that CaMKII is regulated by nitric oxide as part of the adrenergic cascade leading to arrhythmogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerry Curran
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Lifei Tang
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Steve R. Roof
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Sathya Velmurugan
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Physiology, Rush University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Ashley Millard
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Physiology, Rush University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Stephen Shonts
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Physiology, Rush University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Honglan Wang
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Demetrio Santiago
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Physiology, Rush University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Usama Ahmad
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Physiology, Rush University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Matthew Perryman
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Physiology, Rush University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Donald M. Bers
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Peter J. Mohler
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Mark T. Ziolo
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- * E-mail: (MTZ); (TRS)
| | - Thomas R. Shannon
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Physiology, Rush University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- * E-mail: (MTZ); (TRS)
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Sikkel MB, Hayward C, MacLeod KT, Harding SE, Lyon AR. SERCA2a gene therapy in heart failure: an anti-arrhythmic positive inotrope. Br J Pharmacol 2014; 171:38-54. [PMID: 24138023 PMCID: PMC3874695 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2013] [Revised: 09/16/2013] [Accepted: 09/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic options that directly enhance cardiomyocyte contractility in chronic heart failure (HF) therapy are currently limited and do not improve prognosis. In fact, most positive inotropic agents, such as β-adrenoreceptor agonists and PDE inhibitors, which have been assessed in HF patients, cause increased mortality as a result of arrhythmia and sudden cardiac death. Cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2)(+) -ATPase2a (SERCA2a) is a key protein involved in sequestration of Ca(2)(+) into the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) during diastole. There is a reduction of SERCA2a protein level and function in HF, which has been successfully targeted via viral transfection of the SERCA2a gene into cardiac tissue in vivo. This has enhanced cardiac contractility and reduced mortality in several preclinical models of HF. Theoretical concerns have been raised regarding the possibility of arrhythmogenic adverse effects of SERCA2a gene therapy due to enhanced SR Ca(2)(+) load and induction of SR Ca(2)(+) leak as a result. Contrary to these concerns, SERCA2a gene therapy in a wide variety of preclinical models, including acute ischaemia/reperfusion, chronic pressure overload and chronic myocardial infarction, has resulted in a reduction in ventricular arrhythmias. The potential mechanisms for this unexpected beneficial effect, as well as mechanisms of enhancement of cardiac contractile function, are reviewed in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus B Sikkel
- Myocardial Function Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial CollegeLondon, UK
| | - Carl Hayward
- Myocardial Function Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial CollegeLondon, UK
- NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton HospitalLondon, UK
| | - Kenneth T MacLeod
- Myocardial Function Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial CollegeLondon, UK
| | - Sian E Harding
- Myocardial Function Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial CollegeLondon, UK
| | - Alexander R Lyon
- Myocardial Function Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial CollegeLondon, UK
- NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton HospitalLondon, UK
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Trenor B, Cardona K, Saiz J, Rajamani S, Belardinelli L, Giles WR. Carbon monoxide effects on human ventricle action potential assessed by mathematical simulations. Front Physiol 2013; 4:282. [PMID: 24146650 PMCID: PMC3797961 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2013.00282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2013] [Accepted: 09/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbon monoxide (CO) that is produced in a number of different mammalian tissues is now known to have significant effects on the cardiovascular system. These include: (i) vasodilation, (ii) changes in heart rate and strength of contractions, and (iii) modulation of autonomic nervous system input to both the primary pacemaker and the working myocardium. Excessive CO in the environment is toxic and can initiate or mediate life threatening cardiac rhythm disturbances. Recent reports link these ventricular arrhythmias to an increase in the slowly inactivating, or “late” component of the Na+ current in the mammalian heart. The main goal of this paper is to explore the basis of this pro-arrhythmic capability of CO by incorporating changes in CO-induced ion channel activity with intracellular signaling pathways in the mammalian heart. To do this, a quite well-documented mathematical model of the action potential and intracellular calcium transient in the human ventricular myocyte has been employed. In silico iterations based on this model provide a useful first step in illustrating the cellular electrophysiological consequences of CO that have been reported from mammalian heart experiments. Specifically, when the Grandi et al. model of the human ventricular action potential is utilized, and after the Na+ and Ca2+ currents in a single myocyte are modified based on the experimental literature, early after-depolarization (EAD) rhythm disturbances appear, and important elements of the underlying causes of these EADs are revealed/illustrated. Our modified mathematical model of the human ventricular action potential also provides a convenient digital platform for designing future experimental work and relating these changes in cellular cardiac electrophysiology to emerging clinical and epidemiological data on CO toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Trenor
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación en Bioingeniería y Tecnología Orientada al Ser Humano, Universitat Politècnica de València Valencia, Spain
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Diers AR, Keszler A, Hogg N. Detection of S-nitrosothiols. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2013; 1840:892-900. [PMID: 23988402 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2013.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2013] [Revised: 07/22/2013] [Accepted: 07/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND S-nitrosothiols have been recognized as biologically-relevant products of nitric oxide that are involved in many of the diverse activities of this free radical. SCOPE OF REVIEW This review serves to discuss current methods for the detection and analysis of protein S-nitrosothiols. The major methods of S-nitrosothiol detection include chemiluminescence-based methods and switch-based methods, each of which comes in various flavors with advantages and caveats. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS The detection of S-nitrosothiols is challenging and prone to many artifacts. Accurate measurements require an understanding of the underlying chemistry of the methods involved and the use of appropriate controls. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Nothing is more important to a field of research than robust methodology that is generally trusted. The field of S-nitrosation has developed such methods but, as S-nitrosothiols are easy to introduce as artifacts, it is vital that current users learn from the lessons of the past. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Current methods to study reactive oxygen species - pros and cons and biophysics of membrane proteins. Guest Editor: Christine Winterbourn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne R Diers
- Department of Biophysics and Redox Biology Program, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
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Gutierrez DA, Fernandez-Tenorio M, Ogrodnik J, Niggli E. NO-dependent CaMKII activation during β-adrenergic stimulation of cardiac muscle. Cardiovasc Res 2013; 100:392-401. [PMID: 23963842 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvt201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS During β-adrenergic receptor (β-AR) stimulation, phosphorylation of cardiomyocyte ryanodine receptors by protein kinases may contribute to an increased diastolic Ca(2+) spark frequency. Regardless of prompt activation of protein kinase A during β-AR stimulation, this appears to rely more on activation of Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII), by a not yet identified signalling pathway. The goal of the present study was to identify and characterize the mechanisms which lead to CaMKII activation and elevated Ca(2+) spark frequencies during β-AR stimulation in single cardiomyocytes in diastolic conditions. METHODS AND RESULTS Confocal imaging revealed that β-AR stimulation increases endogenous NO production in cardiomyocytes, resulting in NO-dependent activation of CaMKII and a subsequent increase in diastolic Ca(2+) spark frequency. These changes of spark frequency could be mimicked by exposure to the NO donor GSNO and were sensitive to the CaMKII inhibitors KN-93 and AIP. In vitro, CaMKII became nitrosated and its activity remained increased independent of Ca(2+) in the presence of GSNO, as assessed with biochemical assays. CONCLUSIONS β-AR stimulation of cardiomyocytes may activate CaMKII by a novel direct pathway involving NO, without requiring Ca(2+) transients. This crosstalk between two established signalling pathways may contribute to arrhythmogenic diastolic Ca(2+) release and Ca(2+) waves during adrenergic stress, particularly in combination with cardiac diseases. In addition, NO-dependent activation of CaMKII is likely to have repercussions in many cellular signalling systems and cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A Gutierrez
- Department of Physiology, University of Bern, Bühlplatz 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
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Novel aspects of ROS signalling in heart failure. Basic Res Cardiol 2013; 108:359. [PMID: 23740217 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-013-0359-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2013] [Revised: 05/03/2013] [Accepted: 05/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure and many of the conditions that predispose to heart failure are associated with oxidative stress. This is considered to be important in the pathophysiology of the condition but clinical trials of antioxidant approaches to prevent cardiovascular morbidity and mortality have been unsuccessful. Part of the reason for this may be the failure to appreciate the complexity of the effects of reactive oxygen species. At one extreme, excessive oxidative stress damages membranes, proteins and DNA but lower levels of reactive oxygen species may exert much more subtle and specific regulatory effects (termed redox signalling), even on physiological signalling pathways. In this article, we review our current understanding of the roles of such redox signalling pathways in the pathophysiology of heart failure, including effects on cardiomyocyte hypertrophy signalling, excitation-contraction coupling, arrhythmia, cell viability and energetics. Reactive oxygen species generated by NADPH oxidase proteins appear to be especially important in redox signalling. The delineation of specific redox-sensitive pathways and mechanisms that contribute to different components of the failing heart phenotype may facilitate the development of newer targeted therapies as opposed to the failed general antioxidant approaches of the past.
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Karantalis V, Schulman IH, Hare JM. Nitroso-redox imbalance affects cardiac structure and function. J Am Coll Cardiol 2013; 61:933-5. [PMID: 23449427 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2012.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2012] [Revised: 11/26/2012] [Accepted: 12/04/2012] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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