1
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Lotze MT, Olejniczak SH, Skokos D. CD28 co-stimulation: novel insights and applications in cancer immunotherapy. Nat Rev Immunol 2024:10.1038/s41577-024-01061-1. [PMID: 39054343 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-024-01061-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Substantial progress in understanding T cell signalling, particularly with respect to T cell co-receptors such as the co-stimulatory receptor CD28, has been made in recent years. This knowledge has been instrumental in the development of innovative immunotherapies for patients with cancer, including immune checkpoint blockade antibodies, adoptive cell therapies, tumour-targeted immunostimulatory antibodies, and immunostimulatory small-molecule drugs that regulate T cell activation. Following the failed clinical trial of a CD28 superagonist antibody in 2006, targeted CD28 agonism has re-emerged as a technologically viable and clinically promising strategy for cancer immunotherapy. In this Review, we explore recent insights into the molecular functions and regulation of CD28. We describe how CD28 is central to the success of current cancer immunotherapies and examine how new questions arising from studies of CD28 as a clinical target have enhanced our understanding of its biological role and may guide the development of future therapeutic strategies in oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael T Lotze
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Scott H Olejniczak
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA.
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2
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XUE J, LIU Z, WANG F. [Applications of native mass spectrometry and ultraviolet photodissociation in protein structure and interaction analysis]. Se Pu 2024; 42:681-692. [PMID: 38966976 PMCID: PMC11224945 DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1123.2024.01021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Dynamic changes in the structures and interactions of proteins are closely correlated with their biological functions. However, the precise detection and analysis of these molecules are challenging. Native mass spectrometry (nMS) introduces proteins or protein complexes into the gas phase by electrospray ionization, and then performs MS analysis under near-physiological conditions that preserve the folded state of proteins and their complexes in solution. nMS can provide information on stoichiometry, assembly, and dissociation constants by directly determining the relative molecular masses of protein complexes through high-resolution MS. It can also integrate various MS dissociation technologies, such as collision-induced dissociation (CID), surface-induced dissociation (SID), and ultraviolet photodissociation (UVPD), to analyze the conformational changes, binding interfaces, and active sites of protein complexes, thereby revealing the relationship between their interactions and biological functions. UVPD, especially 193 nm excimer laser UVPD, is a rapidly evolving MS dissociation method that can directly dissociate the covalent bonds of protein backbones with a single pulse. It can generate different types of fragment ions, while preserving noncovalent interactions such as hydrogen bonds within these ions, thereby enabling the MS analysis of protein structures with single-amino-acid-site resolution. This review outlines the applications and recent progress of nMS and UVPD in protein dynamic structure and interaction analyses. It covers the nMS techniques used to analyze protein-small-molecule ligand interactions, the structures of membrane proteins and their complexes, and protein-protein interactions. The discussion on UVPD includes the analysis of gas-phase protein structures and interactions, as well as alterations in protein dynamic structures, and interactions resulting from mutations and ligand binding. Finally, this review describes the future development prospects for protein analysis by nMS and new-generation advanced extreme UV light sources with higher brightness and shorter pulses.
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3
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Deng S, Zhang Y, Wang H, Liang W, Xie L, Li N, Fang Y, Wang Y, Liu J, Chi H, Sun Y, Ye R, Shan L, Shi J, Shen Z, Wang Y, Wang S, Brosseau JP, Wang F, Liu G, Quan Y, Xu J. ITPRIPL1 binds CD3ε to impede T cell activation and enable tumor immune evasion. Cell 2024; 187:2305-2323.e33. [PMID: 38614099 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy has transformed treatment possibilities, but its effectiveness differs significantly among patients, indicating the presence of alternative pathways for immune evasion. Here, we show that ITPRIPL1 functions as an inhibitory ligand of CD3ε, and its expression inhibits T cells in the tumor microenvironment. The binding of ITPRIPL1 extracellular domain to CD3ε on T cells significantly decreased calcium influx and ZAP70 phosphorylation, impeding initial T cell activation. Treatment with a neutralizing antibody against ITPRIPL1 restrained tumor growth and promoted T cell infiltration in mouse models across various solid tumor types. The antibody targeting canine ITPRIPL1 exhibited notable therapeutic efficacy against naturally occurring tumors in pet clinics. These findings highlight the role of ITPRIPL1 (or CD3L1, CD3ε ligand 1) in impeding T cell activation during the critical "signal one" phase. This discovery positions ITPRIPL1 as a promising therapeutic target against multiple tumor types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouyan Deng
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism (Ministry of Science and Technology), Zhongshan-Xuhui Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yibo Zhang
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism (Ministry of Science and Technology), Zhongshan-Xuhui Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | | | - Wenhua Liang
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Lu Xie
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Ning Li
- Clinical Trials Center, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Yuan Fang
- Clinical Trials Center, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Yiting Wang
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism (Ministry of Science and Technology), Zhongshan-Xuhui Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jiayang Liu
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism (Ministry of Science and Technology), Zhongshan-Xuhui Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hao Chi
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism (Ministry of Science and Technology), Zhongshan-Xuhui Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yufan Sun
- BioTroy Therapeutics, Shanghai 201400, China
| | - Rui Ye
- BioTroy Therapeutics, Shanghai 201400, China
| | - Lishen Shan
- BioTroy Therapeutics, Shanghai 201400, China
| | - Jiawei Shi
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism (Ministry of Science and Technology), Zhongshan-Xuhui Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zan Shen
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 600, Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Yonggang Wang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 600, Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Shuhang Wang
- Clinical Trials Center, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Jean-Philippe Brosseau
- Department of Biochemistry and Functional Genomics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1E 4K8, Canada
| | - Feng Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Grace Liu
- Arctic Animal Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China
| | | | - Jie Xu
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism (Ministry of Science and Technology), Zhongshan-Xuhui Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
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4
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McCarthy D, Lofgren M, Watt A, Horton H, Kieffer-Kwon P, Ding J, Kobold S, Baeuerle PA, Hofmeister R, Gutierrez DA, Tighe R. Functional enhancement of mesothelin-targeted TRuC-T cells by a PD1-CD28 chimeric switch receptor. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2023; 72:4195-4207. [PMID: 37848682 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-023-03556-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
T cells expressing a mesothelin (MSLN)-specific T cell receptor fusion construct (TRuC®), called TC-210, have demonstrated robust antitumor activity in preclinical models of mesothelioma, ovarian cancer, and lung cancer. However, they are susceptible to suppression by the programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death protein ligand 1 (PD-L1) axis and lack intrinsic costimulatory signaling elements. To enhance the function of anti-MSLN TRuC-T cells, chimeric switch receptors (CSRs) have been designed to co-opt the immunosuppressive PD-1/PD-L1 axis and to deliver a CD28-mediated costimulatory signal. Here, we report that coexpression of the PD1-CD28 CSR in TRuC-T cells enhanced T cell receptor signaling, increased proinflammatory effector cytokines, decreased anti-inflammatory cytokines, and sustained effector function in the presence of PD-L1 when compared with TC-210. Anti-MSLN TRuC-T cells engineered to coexpress PD1-CD28 CSRs comprising the ectodomain of PD-1 and the intracellular domain of CD28 linked by the transmembrane domain of PD-1 were selected for integration into an anti-MSLN TRuC-T cell therapy product called TC-510. In vitro, TC-510 showed significant improvements in persistence and resistance to exhaustion upon chronic stimulation by tumor cells expressing MSLN and PD-L1 when compared with TC-210. In vivo, TC-510 showed a superior ability to provide durable protection following tumor rechallenge, versus TC-210. These data demonstrate that integration of a PD1-CD28 CSR into TRuC-T cells improves effector function, resistance to exhaustion, and prolongs persistence. Based on these findings, TC-510 is currently being evaluated in patients with MSLN-expressing solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derrick McCarthy
- TCR2 Therapeutics, Inc., 100 Binney Street, Suite 710, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | | | - Amy Watt
- Adaptimmune, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Holly Horton
- TCR2 Therapeutics, Inc., 100 Binney Street, Suite 710, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | | | - Jian Ding
- TCR2 Therapeutics, Inc., 100 Binney Street, Suite 710, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Sebastian Kobold
- Center of Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPS‑M) and Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine IV, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Patrick A Baeuerle
- TCR2 Therapeutics, Inc., 100 Binney Street, Suite 710, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
- Institute of Immunology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Robert Hofmeister
- TCR2 Therapeutics, Inc., 100 Binney Street, Suite 710, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Dario A Gutierrez
- TCR2 Therapeutics, Inc., 100 Binney Street, Suite 710, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Robert Tighe
- TCR2 Therapeutics, Inc., 100 Binney Street, Suite 710, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA.
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5
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Wang H, Huang Y, Xu C. Charging CAR by electrostatic power. Immunol Rev 2023; 320:138-146. [PMID: 37366589 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy has emerged as a promising approach for cancer treatment. CAR is a synthetic immune receptor that recognizes tumor antigen and activates T cells through multiple signaling pathways. However, the current CAR design is not as robust as T cell receptor (TCR), a natural antigen receptor with high sensitivity and efficiency. TCR signaling relies on specific molecular interactions, and thus electrostatic force, the major force of molecular interactions, play critical roles. Understanding how electrostatic charge regulates TCR/CAR signaling events will facilitate the development of next-generation T cell therapies. This review summarizes recent findings on the roles of electrostatic interactions in both natural and synthetic immune receptor signaling, specifically that in CAR clustering and effector molecule recruitments, and highlights potential strategies for engineering CAR-T cell therapy by leveraging charge-based interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haopeng Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Research and Trial Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuwei Huang
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
- Lingang Laboratory, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenqi Xu
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
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6
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Tserunyan V, Finley SD. A systems and computational biology perspective on advancing CAR therapy. Semin Cancer Biol 2023; 94:34-49. [PMID: 37263529 PMCID: PMC10529846 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2023.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In the recent decades, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) therapy signaled a new revolutionary approach to cancer treatment. This method seeks to engineer immune cells expressing an artificially designed receptor, which would endue those cells with the ability to recognize and eliminate tumor cells. While some CAR therapies received FDA approval and others are subject to clinical trials, many aspects of their workings remain elusive. Techniques of systems and computational biology have been frequently employed to explain the operating principles of CAR therapy and suggest further design improvements. In this review, we sought to provide a comprehensive account of those efforts. Specifically, we discuss various computational models of CAR therapy ranging in scale from organismal to molecular. Then, we describe the molecular and functional properties of costimulatory domains frequently incorporated in CAR structure. Finally, we describe the signaling cascades by which those costimulatory domains elicit cellular response against the target. We hope that this comprehensive summary of computational and experimental studies will further motivate the use of systems approaches in advancing CAR therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vardges Tserunyan
- Department of Quantitative and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Stacey D Finley
- Department of Quantitative and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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7
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Jiang FY, Zhang YZ, Tai YH, Chou CY, Hsieh YC, Chang YC, Huang HC, Li ZQ, Hsieh YC, Chen IJ, Huang BC, Su YC, Lin WW, Lin HC, Chao JI, Yuan SSF, Wang YM, Cheng TL, Tzou SC. A lesion-selective albumin-CTLA4Ig as a safe and effective treatment for collagen-induced arthritis. Inflamm Regen 2023; 43:13. [PMID: 36797799 PMCID: PMC9933273 DOI: 10.1186/s41232-023-00264-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND CTLA4Ig is a dimeric fusion protein of the extracellular domain of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte protein 4 (CTLA4) and an Fc (Ig) fragment of human IgG1 that is approved for treating rheumatoid arthritis. However, CTLA4Ig may induce adverse effects. Developing a lesion-selective variant of CTLA4Ig may improve safety while maintaining the efficacy of the treatment. METHODS We linked albumin to the N-terminus of CTLA4Ig (termed Alb-CTLA4Ig) via a substrate sequence of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP). The binding activities and the biological activities of Alb-CTLA4Ig before and after MMP digestion were analyzed by a cell-based ELISA and an in vitro Jurkat T cell activation assay. The efficacy and safety of Alb-CTLA4Ig in treating joint inflammation were tested in mouse collagen-induced arthritis. RESULTS Alb-CTLA4Ig is stable and inactive under physiological conditions but can be fully activated by MMPs. The binding activity of nondigested Alb-CTLA4Ig was at least 10,000-fold weaker than that of MMP-digested Alb-CTLA4Ig. Nondigested Alb-CTLA4Ig was unable to inhibit Jurkat T cell activation, whereas MMP-digested Alb-CTLA4Ig was as potent as conventional CTLA4Ig in inhibiting the T cells. Alb-CTLA4Ig was converted to CTLA4Ig in the inflamed joints to treat mouse collagen-induced arthritis, showing similar efficacy to that of conventional CTLA4Ig. In contrast to conventional CTLA4Ig, Alb-CTLA4Ig did not inhibit the antimicrobial responses in the spleens of the treated mice. CONCLUSIONS Our study indicates that Alb-CTLA4Ig can be activated by MMPs to suppress tissue inflammation in situ. Thus, Alb-CTLA4Ig is a safe and effective treatment for collagen-induced arthritis in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Yao Jiang
- grid.260539.b0000 0001 2059 7017Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yan-Zhu Zhang
- grid.260539.b0000 0001 2059 7017Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Hong Tai
- grid.260539.b0000 0001 2059 7017Institute of Molecular Medicine and Bioengineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chien-Yu Chou
- grid.260539.b0000 0001 2059 7017Institute of Molecular Medicine and Bioengineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yu-Ching Hsieh
- grid.260539.b0000 0001 2059 7017Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Ya-Chi Chang
- grid.260539.b0000 0001 2059 7017Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Hsiao-Chen Huang
- grid.260539.b0000 0001 2059 7017Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Qin Li
- grid.260539.b0000 0001 2059 7017Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Chin Hsieh
- grid.411447.30000 0004 0637 1806School of Medicine for International Students, I-Shou University, Kaoshiung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - I-Ju Chen
- grid.411447.30000 0004 0637 1806School of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Bo-Cheng Huang
- grid.412036.20000 0004 0531 9758Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yu-Cheng Su
- grid.260539.b0000 0001 2059 7017Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, Republic of China ,grid.412019.f0000 0000 9476 5696Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Wen-Wei Lin
- grid.412019.f0000 0000 9476 5696Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Republic of China ,grid.412019.f0000 0000 9476 5696Department of Laboratory Medicine, Post Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Hsin-Chieh Lin
- grid.260539.b0000 0001 2059 7017Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Jui-I Chao
- grid.260539.b0000 0001 2059 7017Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, Republic of China ,grid.260539.b0000 0001 2059 7017Institute of Molecular Medicine and Bioengineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Shyng-Shiou F. Yuan
- grid.412027.20000 0004 0620 9374Translational Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, and Faculty and College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yun-Ming Wang
- grid.260539.b0000 0001 2059 7017Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, Republic of China ,grid.260539.b0000 0001 2059 7017Institute of Molecular Medicine and Bioengineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, Republic of China ,grid.260539.b0000 0001 2059 7017Center for Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-devices (IDS2B), National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Tian-Lu Cheng
- grid.412019.f0000 0000 9476 5696Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Republic of China ,grid.412019.f0000 0000 9476 5696Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Republic of China ,grid.412019.f0000 0000 9476 5696Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Shey-Cherng Tzou
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, Republic of China. .,Institute of Molecular Medicine and Bioengineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, Republic of China. .,Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Republic of China. .,Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Republic of China. .,Center for Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-devices (IDS2B), National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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8
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Dölz M, Hasiuk M, Gagnon JD, Kornete M, Marone R, Bantug G, Kageyama R, Hess C, Ansel KM, Seyres D, Roux J, Jeker LT. Forced expression of the non-coding RNA miR-17∼92 restores activation and function in CD28-deficient CD4 + T cells. iScience 2022; 25:105372. [PMID: 36388982 PMCID: PMC9646923 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
CD28 provides the prototypical costimulatory signal required for productive T-cell activation. Known molecular consequences of CD28 costimulation are mostly based on studies of protein signaling molecules. The microRNA cluster miR-17∼92 is induced by T cell receptor stimulation and further enhanced by combined CD28 costimulation. We demonstrate that transgenic miR-17∼92 cell-intrinsically largely overcomes defects caused by CD28 deficiency. Combining genetics, transcriptomics, bioinformatics, and biochemical miRNA:mRNA interaction maps we empirically validate miR-17∼92 target genes that include several negative regulators of T cell activation. CD28-deficient T cells exhibit derepressed miR-17∼92 target genes during activation. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated ablation of the miR-17∼92 targets Pten and Nrbp1 in naive CD28-/- CD4+ T cells differentially increases proliferation and expression of the activation markers CD25 and CD44, respectively. Thus, we propose that miR-17∼92 constitutes a central mediator for T cell activation, integrating signals by the TCR and CD28 costimulation by dampening multiple brakes that prevent T cell activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Dölz
- Department of Biomedicine, Basel University Hospital and University of Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, CH-4031 Basel, Switzerland
- Transplantation Immunology & Nephrology, Basel University Hospital, Petersgraben 4, CH-4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marko Hasiuk
- Department of Biomedicine, Basel University Hospital and University of Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, CH-4031 Basel, Switzerland
- Transplantation Immunology & Nephrology, Basel University Hospital, Petersgraben 4, CH-4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - John D. Gagnon
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Sandler Asthma Basic Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Mara Kornete
- Department of Biomedicine, Basel University Hospital and University of Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, CH-4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Romina Marone
- Department of Biomedicine, Basel University Hospital and University of Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, CH-4031 Basel, Switzerland
- Transplantation Immunology & Nephrology, Basel University Hospital, Petersgraben 4, CH-4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Glenn Bantug
- Department of Biomedicine, Basel University Hospital and University of Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, CH-4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Robin Kageyama
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Sandler Asthma Basic Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Christoph Hess
- Department of Biomedicine, Basel University Hospital and University of Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, CH-4031 Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Medicine – CITIID, University of Cambridge, Puddicombe Way, Cambridge CB2 0AW, UK
| | - K. Mark Ansel
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Sandler Asthma Basic Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Denis Seyres
- Department of Biomedicine, Basel University Hospital and University of Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, CH-4031 Basel, Switzerland
- Transplantation Immunology & Nephrology, Basel University Hospital, Petersgraben 4, CH-4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Julien Roux
- Department of Biomedicine, Basel University Hospital and University of Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, CH-4031 Basel, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Lukas T. Jeker
- Department of Biomedicine, Basel University Hospital and University of Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, CH-4031 Basel, Switzerland
- Transplantation Immunology & Nephrology, Basel University Hospital, Petersgraben 4, CH-4031 Basel, Switzerland
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9
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Kong Q, Ke M, Weng Y, Qin Y, He A, Li P, Cai Z, Tian R. Dynamic Phosphotyrosine-Dependent Signaling Profiling in Living Cells by Two-Dimensional Proximity Proteomics. J Proteome Res 2022; 21:2727-2735. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.2c00418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Kong
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Research Center for Chemical Biology and Omics Analysis, College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen 518055, China
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong 999077, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Mi Ke
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Research Center for Chemical Biology and Omics Analysis, College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yicheng Weng
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Research Center for Chemical Biology and Omics Analysis, College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yunqiu Qin
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Research Center for Chemical Biology and Omics Analysis, College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - An He
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Research Center for Chemical Biology and Omics Analysis, College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Pengfei Li
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Research Center for Chemical Biology and Omics Analysis, College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zongwei Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong 999077, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ruijun Tian
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Research Center for Chemical Biology and Omics Analysis, College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen 518055, China
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10
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Zhang Z, Tan X, Jiang Z, Wang H, Yuan H. Immune checkpoint inhibitors in osteosarcoma: A hopeful and challenging future. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1031527. [PMID: 36324681 PMCID: PMC9618820 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1031527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS), the most common malignant tumor in the musculoskeletal system, mainly occurs in adolescents. OS results in high mortality and disability rates due to a fatal metastatic tendency and subsequent iatrogenic damage caused by surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Recently, immunotherapies have resulted in promising prognoses with reduced side effects compared with traditional therapies. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), which are a representative immunotherapy for OS, enhance the antitumor effects of immune cells. ICIs have shown satisfactory outcomes in other kinds of malignant tumors, especially hemopoietic tumors. However, there is still a high percentage of failures or severe side effects associated with the use of ICIs to treat OS, leading to far worse outcomes. To reveal the underlying mechanisms of drug resistance and side effects, recent studies elucidated several possible reasons, including the activation of other inhibitory immune cells, low immune cell infiltration in the tumor microenvironment, different immune properties of OS subtypes, and the involvement of osteogenesis and osteolysis. According to these mechanisms, researchers have developed new methods to overcome the shortcomings of ICIs. This review summarizes the recent breakthroughs in the use of ICIs to treat OS. Although numerous issues have not been solved yet, ICIs are still the most promising treatment options to cure OS in the long run.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeng Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Tan
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zengxin Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Hao Wang, ; Hengfeng Yuan,
| | - Hengfeng Yuan
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Hao Wang, ; Hengfeng Yuan,
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11
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Qiao H, Yin H, Feng Y, Tang H. Pan-cancer analysis reveals the relationship between RCSD1 immune infiltration and clinical prognosis in human tumors. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1008778. [PMID: 36311703 PMCID: PMC9606721 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1008778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background RCSD1 is a cytoskeletal regulator that has been confirmed to undergo genetic mutations in hematological tumors, but the mechanisms of RCSD1 in pan-cancer and its impact on patient prognosis have not been studied. Methods Using TCGA, GEPIA, UALCAN, Kaplan-Meier plotters, Linkedomics, String, cBioPortal, TISIDB, TCIA and TIMER database methods, we investigated the expression of RCSD1 in human tumors and its relationship to clinical prognosis, functional analysis of co-expression networks, mutation status, and immune infiltration in cancers, especially lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC). Results The expression of RCSD1 is low in most tumors compared with normal tissues, and its high expression is associated with good patient survival. The RCSD1 co-expression network is mainly involved in the regulation of immune response. In human cancer, RCSD1 plays an important role in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and is significantly associated with the expression of immune infiltrating cells (TIL) in lung cancer. Conclusions As a prognostic biomarker of generalized cancer, RCSD1 is associated with immune infiltration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Qiao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hong Yin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Yan Feng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Huaping Tang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- *Correspondence: Huaping Tang,
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12
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Kong Q, Weng Y, Zheng Z, Chen W, Li P, Cai Z, Tian R. Integrated and High-Throughput Approach for Sensitive Analysis of Tyrosine Phosphoproteome. Anal Chem 2022; 94:13728-13736. [PMID: 36179360 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c01807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Tyrosine phosphorylation (pTyr) regulates various signaling pathways under normal and cancerous states. Due to their low abundance and transient and dynamic natures, systematic profiling of pTyr sites is challenging. Antibody and engineered binding domain-based approaches have been well applied to pTyr peptide enrichment. However, traditional methods have the disadvantage of a long sample preparation process, which makes them unsuitable for processing limited amount of samples, especially in a high-throughput manner. In this study we developed a 96-well microplate-based approach to integrate all the sample preparation steps starting from cell culture to MS-compatible pTyr peptide enrichment in three consecutive 96-well microplates. By assembling an engineered SH2 domain onto a microplate, nonspecific adsorption of phosphopeptides is greatly reduced, which allows us to remove the Ti-IMAC purification and three C18 desalting steps (after digestion, pTyr enrichment, and Ti-IMAC purification) and, therefore, greatly simplifies the entire pTyr peptide enrichment workflow, especially when processing a large number of samples. Starting with 96-well microplate-cultured, pervanadate-stimulated cells, our approach could enrich 21% more pTyr sites than the traditional serial pTyr enrichment approach and showed good sensitivity and reproducibility in the range of 200 ng to 200 μg peptides. Importantly, we applied this approach to profile tyrosine kinase inhibitor-mediated EGFR signaling pathway and could well differentiate the distinct response of different pTyr sites. Collectively, the integrated 96-well microplate-based approach is valuable for profiling pTyr sites from limited biological samples and in a high-throughput manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Kong
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen 518055, China.,Research Center for Chemical Biology and Omics Analysis, College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen 518055, China.,State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Yicheng Weng
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen 518055, China.,Research Center for Chemical Biology and Omics Analysis, College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zhendong Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen 518055, China.,Research Center for Chemical Biology and Omics Analysis, College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Wendong Chen
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Pengfei Li
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen 518055, China.,Research Center for Chemical Biology and Omics Analysis, College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen 518055, China.,Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zongwei Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Ruijun Tian
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen 518055, China.,Research Center for Chemical Biology and Omics Analysis, College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen 518055, China.,Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen 518055, China
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13
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Liang X, Cheng H, Liu C, Liu G. Antigen self-presenting nanovaccine for cancer immunotherapy. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2022; 67:1611-1613. [PMID: 36546034 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2022.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoliu Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Hongwei Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Chao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Gang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
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14
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Molon B, Liboni C, Viola A. CD28 and chemokine receptors: Signalling amplifiers at the immunological synapse. Front Immunol 2022; 13:938004. [PMID: 35983040 PMCID: PMC9379342 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.938004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
T cells are master regulators of the immune response tuning, among others, B cells, macrophages and NK cells. To exert their functions requiring high sensibility and specificity, T cells need to integrate different stimuli from the surrounding microenvironment. A finely tuned signalling compartmentalization orchestrated in dynamic platforms is an essential requirement for the proper and efficient response of these cells to distinct triggers. During years, several studies have depicted the pivotal role of the cytoskeleton and lipid microdomains in controlling signalling compartmentalization during T cell activation and functions. Here, we discuss mechanisms responsible for signalling amplification and compartmentalization in T cell activation, focusing on the role of CD28, chemokine receptors and the actin cytoskeleton. We also take into account the detrimental effect of mutations carried by distinct signalling proteins giving rise to syndromes characterized by defects in T cell functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Molon
- Pediatric Research Institute “Città della Speranza”, Corso Stati Uniti, Padova, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- *Correspondence: Barbara Molon,
| | - Cristina Liboni
- Pediatric Research Institute “Città della Speranza”, Corso Stati Uniti, Padova, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Antonella Viola
- Pediatric Research Institute “Città della Speranza”, Corso Stati Uniti, Padova, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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15
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Immune Checkpoint Receptors Signaling in T Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073529. [PMID: 35408889 PMCID: PMC8999077 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The characterization of the receptors negatively modulating lymphocyte function is rapidly advancing, driven by success in tumor immunotherapy. As a result, the number of immune checkpoint receptors characterized from a functional perspective and targeted by innovative drugs continues to expand. This review focuses on the less explored area of the signaling mechanisms of these receptors, of those expressed in T cells. Studies conducted mainly on PD-1, CTLA-4, and BTLA have evidenced that the extracellular parts of some of the receptors act as decoy receptors for activating ligands, but in all instances, the tyrosine phosphorylation of their cytoplasmatic tail drives a crucial inhibitory signal. This negative signal is mediated by a few key signal transducers, such as tyrosine phosphatase, inositol phosphatase, and diacylglycerol kinase, which allows them to counteract TCR-mediated activation. The characterization of these signaling pathways is of great interest in the development of therapies for counteracting tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte exhaustion/anergy independently from the receptors involved.
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16
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Griffith AA, Callahan KP, King NG, Xiao Q, Su X, Salomon AR. SILAC Phosphoproteomics Reveals Unique Signaling Circuits in CAR-T Cells and the Inhibition of B Cell-Activating Phosphorylation in Target Cells. J Proteome Res 2022; 21:395-409. [PMID: 35014847 PMCID: PMC8830406 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.1c00735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) is a single-pass transmembrane receptor designed to specifically target and eliminate cancers. While CARs prove highly efficacious against B cell malignancies, the intracellular signaling events which promote CAR T cell activity remain elusive. To gain further insight into both CAR T cell signaling and the potential signaling response of cells targeted by CAR, we analyzed phosphopeptides captured by two separate phosphoenrichment strategies from third generation CD19-CAR T cells cocultured with SILAC labeled Raji B cells by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Here, we report that CD19-CAR T cells upregulated several key phosphorylation events also observed in canonical T cell receptor (TCR) signaling, while Raji B cells exhibited a significant decrease in B cell receptor-signaling related phosphorylation events in response to coculture. Our data suggest that CD19-CAR stimulation activates a mixture of unique CD19-CAR-specific signaling pathways and canonical TCR signaling, while global phosphorylation in Raji B cells is reduced after association with the CD19-CAR T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alijah A. Griffith
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology & Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912
| | - Kenneth P. Callahan
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology & Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912
| | - Nathan Gordo King
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology & Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912
| | - Qian Xiao
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520
| | - Xiaolei Su
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520
| | - Arthur R. Salomon
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology & Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912,
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17
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Motif-dependent immune co-receptor interactome profiling by photoaffinity chemical proteomics. Cell Chem Biol 2022; 29:1024-1036.e5. [PMID: 35093210 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2022.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Identification of the tyrosine phosphorylation (pY)-dependent interactome of immune co-receptors is crucial for understanding signal pathways involved in immunotherapy. However, identifying the motif-specific interactome for each pY commonly found on these multi-phosphorylated membrane proteins remains challenging. Here, we describe a photoaffinity-based chemical proteomic approach to dissect the motif-specific cytoplasmic interactomes of the critical immune co-receptor CD28. Various full-length CD28 cytoplasmic tails (CD28cyto) with defined pY and selectively replaced photo-methionine were synthesized and applied to explore three pY-motif-dependent CD28cyto interactomes. We identified a stand-alone interaction of phospholipase PLCG1 with the Y191 motif with enhanced affinity for the sequence neighboring the transmembrane domain. Importantly, taking advantage of native top-down mass spectrometry with a 193-nm laser, we discovered the direct association of a previously undefined pY218 motif with the kinase PKCθ through its C2 domain. This synthetic CD28cyto-based photoaffinity proteomic approach is generically applicable to the study of other immune co-receptors with multiple pY sites on their linear cytoplasmic tail.
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18
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Below CR, Kelly J, Brown A, Humphries JD, Hutton C, Xu J, Lee BY, Cintas C, Zhang X, Hernandez-Gordillo V, Stockdale L, Goldsworthy MA, Geraghty J, Foster L, O'Reilly DA, Schedding B, Askari J, Burns J, Hodson N, Smith DL, Lally C, Ashton G, Knight D, Mironov A, Banyard A, Eble JA, Morton JP, Humphries MJ, Griffith LG, Jørgensen C. A microenvironment-inspired synthetic three-dimensional model for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma organoids. NATURE MATERIALS 2022; 21:110-119. [PMID: 34518665 PMCID: PMC7612137 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-021-01085-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Experimental in vitro models that capture pathophysiological characteristics of human tumours are essential for basic and translational cancer biology. Here, we describe a fully synthetic hydrogel extracellular matrix designed to elicit key phenotypic traits of the pancreatic environment in culture. To enable the growth of normal and cancerous pancreatic organoids from genetically engineered murine models and human patients, essential adhesive cues were empirically defined and replicated in the hydrogel scaffold, revealing a functional role of laminin-integrin α3/α6 signalling in establishment and survival of pancreatic organoids. Altered tissue stiffness-a hallmark of pancreatic cancer-was recapitulated in culture by adjusting the hydrogel properties to engage mechano-sensing pathways and alter organoid growth. Pancreatic stromal cells were readily incorporated into the hydrogels and replicated phenotypic traits characteristic of the tumour environment in vivo. This model therefore recapitulates a pathologically remodelled tumour microenvironment for studies of normal and pancreatic cancer cells in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher R Below
- Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Joanna Kelly
- Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Alexander Brown
- Centre for Gynepathology Research, Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jonathan D Humphries
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Department of Life Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - Colin Hutton
- Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Jingshu Xu
- Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Brian Y Lee
- Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Celia Cintas
- Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Xiaohong Zhang
- Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Victor Hernandez-Gordillo
- Centre for Gynepathology Research, Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Linda Stockdale
- Centre for Gynepathology Research, Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Barbara Schedding
- Institute for Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Janet Askari
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Jessica Burns
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Nigel Hodson
- BioAFM Laboratory, Bioimaging Core Facility, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Duncan L Smith
- Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Catherine Lally
- Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Garry Ashton
- Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - David Knight
- Biological Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Aleksandr Mironov
- Electron Microscopy Core Facility, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Antonia Banyard
- Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Johannes A Eble
- Institute for Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Jennifer P Morton
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Martin J Humphries
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Linda G Griffith
- Centre for Gynepathology Research, Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - Claus Jørgensen
- Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
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19
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Chu H, Zhao Q, Liu J, Yang K, Wang Y, Liu J, Zhang K, Zhao B, He H, Zheng Y, Zhong S, Liang Z, Zhang L, Zhang Y. Ionic Liquid-Based Extraction System for In-Depth Analysis of Membrane Protein Complexes. Anal Chem 2021; 94:758-767. [PMID: 34932315 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c03195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Limited by the rare efficient extraction system in extracting hydrophobic membrane protein complexes (MPCs) without compromising the stability of protein-protein interactions (PPIs), the in-depth functional study of MPCs has lagged far behind. In this study, the first systematic screening of ionic liquids (ILs) was performed and showed that triethylammonium acetate (TEAA) IL exhibited excellent performance in stabilizing PPIs, which was further confirmed by molecular docking simulations. By combining TEAA with the conventional detergent Nonidet P-40 (NP-40), a novel IL-based extraction system, i-TAN (TEAA IL with 1% NP-40), was proposed, which demonstrated superior performance in extracting and stabilizing MPCs, attributed to its larger size, more uniform distribution, and closer-to-neutral microenvironment of micelles. Extraction of MPCs with i-TAN allowed the confident identification of more hydrophobic EGFR-interacting proteins that are easily dissociated during the extraction process. Quantitative analysis of the difference in EGFR complexes between trastuzumab-sensitive and trastuzumab-resistant breast cancer cells provided comprehensive insights to understand the drug resistance mechanism, suggesting that i-TAN has great potential in interactomics and functional analysis of MPCs. This study provides a novel strategy for MPC extraction and downstream processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Chu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, National Chromatographic R. & A. Center, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Dalian 116023, China.,Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Qun Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, National Chromatographic R. & A. Center, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Ju Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Kaiguang Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, National Chromatographic R. & A. Center, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yanlei Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jianhui Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, National Chromatographic R. & A. Center, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, National Chromatographic R. & A. Center, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Baofeng Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, National Chromatographic R. & A. Center, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Hongyan He
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yong Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Shijun Zhong
- Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Zhen Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, National Chromatographic R. & A. Center, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Lihua Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, National Chromatographic R. & A. Center, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yukui Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, National Chromatographic R. & A. Center, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Dalian 116023, China.,Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
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20
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Lawton ML, Emili A. Mass Spectrometry-Based Phosphoproteomics and Systems Biology: Approaches to Study T Lymphocyte Activation and Exhaustion. J Mol Biol 2021; 433:167318. [PMID: 34687714 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2021.167318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
T lymphocytes respond to extracellular cues and recognize and clear foreign bodies. These functions are tightly regulated by receptor-mediated intracellular signal transduction pathways and phosphorylation cascades resulting in rewiring of transcription, cell adhesion, and metabolic pathways, which leads to changes in downstream effector functions including cytokine secretion and target-cell killing. Given that these pathways become dysregulated in chronic diseases such as cancer, auto-immunity, diabetes, and persistent infections, mapping T cell signaling dynamics in normal and pathological states is central to understanding and modulating immune system behavior. Despite recent advances, there remains much to be learned from the study of T cell signaling at a systems level. The application of global phospho-proteomic profiling technology has the potential to provide unprecedented insights into the molecular networks that govern T cell function. These include capturing the spatiotemporal dynamics of the T cell responses as an ensemble of interacting components, rather than a static view at a single point in time. In this review, we describe innovative experimental approaches to study signaling mechanisms in the TCR, co-stimulatory receptors, synthetic signaling molecules such as chimeric antigen receptors, inhibitory receptors, and T cell exhaustion. Technical advances in mass spectrometry and systems biology frameworks are emphasized as these are poised to identify currently unknown functional relationships and dependencies to create causal predictive models that expand from the traditional narrow reductionist lens of singular components in isolation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew L Lawton
- Center for Network Systems Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrew Emili
- Center for Network Systems Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
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21
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Wang H, Song X, Shen L, Wang X, Xu C. Exploiting T cell signaling to optimize engineered T cell therapies. Trends Cancer 2021; 8:123-134. [PMID: 34810156 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2021.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Engineered T cell therapies, mainly chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T and T cell receptor (TCR)-T, have become the new frontier of cancer treatment. CAR-T and TCR-T therapies differ in many aspects, including cell persistence and toxicity, leading to different therapeutic outcomes. Both TCR and CAR recognize antigens and trigger T cell mediated antitumor response, but they have distinct molecular structures and signaling properties. TCR represents one of the most complex receptors, while CAR is a single-chain chimera integrating modules from multiple immune receptors. Understanding the mechanisms underlying the strengths and limitations of both systems can pave the way for the development of next-generation T cell therapy. This review synthesizes recent findings on TCR and CAR signaling and highlights the potential strategies of T cell engineering by signaling refinement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haopeng Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Clinical Research and Trial Center, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xianming Song
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | | | | | - Chenqi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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22
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Mao Y, Chen P, Ke M, Chen X, Ji S, Chen W, Tian R. Fully Integrated and Multiplexed Sample Preparation Technology for Sensitive Interactome Profiling. Anal Chem 2021; 93:3026-3034. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c05076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yiheng Mao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Peizhong Chen
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR 999077, China
| | - Mi Ke
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xiong Chen
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Shanping Ji
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Wendong Chen
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- SUSTech Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Ruijun Tian
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
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23
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Spatiotemporal profiling of cytosolic signaling complexes in living cells by selective proximity proteomics. Nat Commun 2021; 12:71. [PMID: 33397984 PMCID: PMC7782698 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20367-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Signaling complexes are often organized in a spatiotemporal manner and on a minute timescale. Proximity labeling based on engineered ascorbate peroxidase APEX2 pioneered in situ capture of spatiotemporal membrane protein complexes in living cells, but its application to cytosolic proteins remains limited due to the high labeling background. Here, we develop proximity labeling probes with increased labeling selectivity. These probes, in combination with label-free quantitative proteomics, allow exploring cytosolic protein assemblies such as phosphotyrosine-mediated protein complexes formed in response to minute-scale EGF stimulation. As proof-of-concept, we systematically profile the spatiotemporal interactome of the EGFR signaling component STS1. For STS1 core complexes, our proximity proteomics approach shows comparable performance to affinity purification-mass spectrometry-based temporal interactome profiling, while also capturing additional—especially endosomally-located—protein complexes. In summary, we provide a generic approach for exploring the interactome of mobile cytosolic proteins in living cells at a temporal resolution of minutes. APEX-based proximity labeling allows capturing protein interaction dynamics but its high labeling background limits its utility for cytosolic proteins. Here, the authors develop more selective proximity labeling probes, enabling the APEX-based characterization of time-resolved cytosolic protein interactomes.
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24
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Zheng J, Chen X, Yang Y, Tan CSH, Tian R. Mass Spectrometry-Based Protein Complex Profiling in Time and Space. Anal Chem 2020; 93:598-619. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c04332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiangnan Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xiong Chen
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yun Yang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chris Soon Heng Tan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Ruijun Tian
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen 518055, China
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25
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Celis-Gutierrez J, Blattmann P, Zhai Y, Jarmuzynski N, Ruminski K, Grégoire C, Ounoughene Y, Fiore F, Aebersold R, Roncagalli R, Gstaiger M, Malissen B. Quantitative Interactomics in Primary T Cells Provides a Rationale for Concomitant PD-1 and BTLA Coinhibitor Blockade in Cancer Immunotherapy. Cell Rep 2020; 27:3315-3330.e7. [PMID: 31189114 PMCID: PMC6581740 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.05.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Deciphering how TCR signals are modulated by coinhibitory receptors is of fundamental and clinical interest. Using quantitative interactomics, we define the composition and dynamics of the PD-1 and BTLA coinhibitory signalosomes in primary effector T cells and at the T cell-antigen-presenting cell interface. We also solve the existing controversy regarding the role of the SHP-1 and SHP-2 protein-tyrosine phosphatases in mediating PD-1 coinhibition. PD-1 predominantly recruits SHP-2, but when absent, it recruits SHP-1 and remains functional. In contrast, BTLA predominantly recruits SHP-1 and to a lesser extent SHP-2. By separately analyzing the PD-1-SHP-1 and PD-1-SHP-2 complexes, we show that both dampen the TCR and CD28 signaling pathways equally. Therefore, our study illustrates how comparison of coinhibitory receptor signaling via quantitative interactomics in primary T cells unveils their extent of redundancy and provides a rationale for designing combinations of blocking antibodies in cancer immunotherapy on the basis of undisputed modes of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Celis-Gutierrez
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Aix Marseille Université, INSERM, CNRS, 13288 Marseille, France; Centre d'Immunophénomique, Aix Marseille Université, INSERM, CNRS, 13288 Marseille, France
| | - Peter Blattmann
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Yunhao Zhai
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Aix Marseille Université, INSERM, CNRS, 13288 Marseille, France
| | - Nicolas Jarmuzynski
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Aix Marseille Université, INSERM, CNRS, 13288 Marseille, France; Centre d'Immunophénomique, Aix Marseille Université, INSERM, CNRS, 13288 Marseille, France
| | - Kilian Ruminski
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Aix Marseille Université, INSERM, CNRS, 13288 Marseille, France
| | - Claude Grégoire
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Aix Marseille Université, INSERM, CNRS, 13288 Marseille, France
| | - Youcef Ounoughene
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Aix Marseille Université, INSERM, CNRS, 13288 Marseille, France; Centre d'Immunophénomique, Aix Marseille Université, INSERM, CNRS, 13288 Marseille, France
| | - Frédéric Fiore
- Centre d'Immunophénomique, Aix Marseille Université, INSERM, CNRS, 13288 Marseille, France
| | - Ruedi Aebersold
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland; Faculty of Science, University of Zurich, 8006 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Romain Roncagalli
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Aix Marseille Université, INSERM, CNRS, 13288 Marseille, France.
| | - Matthias Gstaiger
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Bernard Malissen
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Aix Marseille Université, INSERM, CNRS, 13288 Marseille, France; Centre d'Immunophénomique, Aix Marseille Université, INSERM, CNRS, 13288 Marseille, France.
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26
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Kong Q, Huang P, Chu B, Ke M, Chen W, Zheng Z, Ji S, Cai Z, Li P, Tian R. High-Throughput and Integrated Chemical Proteomic Approach for Profiling Phosphotyrosine Signaling Complexes. Anal Chem 2020; 92:8933-8942. [PMID: 32539344 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c00839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Phosphotyrosine (pTyr) signaling complexes are important resources of biomarkers and drug targets which often need to be profiled with enough throughput. Current profiling approaches are not feasible to meet this need due to either biased profiling by antibody-based detection or low throughput by traditional affinity purification-mass spectrometry approach (AP-MS), as exemplified by our previously developed photo-pTyr-scaffold approach. To address these limitations, we developed a 96-well microplate-based sample preparation and fast data independent proteomic analysis workflow. By assembling the photo-pTyr-scaffold probe into a 96-well microplate, we achieved steric hindrance-free photoaffinity capture of pTyr signaling complexes, selective enrichment under denaturing conditions, and efficient in-well digestion in a fully integrated manner. EGFR signaling complex proteins could be efficiently captured and identified by using 300 times less cell lysate and 100 times less photo-pTyr-scaffold probe as compared with our previous approach operated in an Eppendorf tube. Furthermore, the lifetime of the photo-pTyr-scaffold probe in a 96-well microplate was significantly extended from 1 week up to 1 month. More importantly, by combining with high-flow nano LC separation and data independent acquisition on the Q Exactive HF-X mass spectrometer, LC-MS time could be significantly reduced to only 35 min per sample without increasing sample loading amount and compromising identification and quantification performance. This new high-throughput proteomic approach allowed us to rapidly and reproducibly profile dynamic pTyr signaling complexes with EGF stimulation at five time points and EGFR inhibitor treatment at five different concentrations. We are therefore optimized for its generic application in biomarkers discovery and drug screening in a high-throughput fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Kong
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen 518055, China.,State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Peiwu Huang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen 518055, China.,State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Bizhu Chu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Mi Ke
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Wendong Chen
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen 518055, China.,SUSTech Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zhendong Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Shanping Ji
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zongwei Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Pengfei Li
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen 518055, China.,Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Ruijun Tian
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen 518055, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen 518055, China
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27
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Zurli V, Montecchi T, Heilig R, Poschke I, Volkmar M, Wimmer G, Boncompagni G, Turacchio G, D'Elios MM, Campoccia G, Resta N, Offringa R, Fischer R, Acuto O, Baldari CT, Kabanova A. Phosphoproteomics of CD2 signaling reveals AMPK-dependent regulation of lytic granule polarization in cytotoxic T cells. Sci Signal 2020; 13:13/631/eaaz1965. [PMID: 32398348 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aaz1965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the costimulatory signaling that enhances the activity of cytotoxic T cells (CTLs) could identify potential targets for immunotherapy. Here, we report that CD2 costimulation plays a critical role in target cell killing by freshly isolated human CD8+ T cells, which represent a challenging but valuable model to gain insight into CTL biology. We found that CD2 stimulation critically enhanced signaling by the T cell receptor in the formation of functional immune synapses by promoting the polarization of lytic granules toward the microtubule-organizing center (MTOC). To gain insight into the underlying mechanism, we explored the CD2 signaling network by phosphoproteomics, which revealed 616 CD2-regulated phosphorylation events in 373 proteins implicated in the regulation of vesicular trafficking, cytoskeletal organization, autophagy, and metabolism. Signaling by the master metabolic regulator AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) was a critical node in the CD2 network, which promoted granule polarization toward the MTOC in CD8+ T cells. Granule trafficking was driven by active AMPK enriched on adjacent lysosomes, revealing previously uncharacterized signaling cross-talk between vesicular compartments in CD8+ T cells. Our results thus establish CD2 signaling as key for mediating cytotoxic killing and granule polarization in freshly isolated CD8+ T cells and strengthen the rationale to choose CD2 and AMPK as therapeutic targets to enhance CTL activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Zurli
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, via Aldo Moro 2, Siena 53100, Italy
| | - Tommaso Montecchi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, via Aldo Moro 2, Siena 53100, Italy
| | - Raphael Heilig
- Target Discovery Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Isabel Poschke
- Division of Molecular Oncology of Gastrointestinal Tumors, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Michael Volkmar
- Division of Molecular Oncology of Gastrointestinal Tumors, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Giuliana Wimmer
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, via Aldo Moro 2, Siena 53100, Italy
| | - Gioia Boncompagni
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, via Aldo Moro 2, Siena 53100, Italy
| | - Gabriele Turacchio
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Mario Milco D'Elios
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla 3, Florence 50134, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Campoccia
- Department of Immune Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital of Siena, viale Bracci 16, Siena 53100, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Resta
- Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari, Policlinico Hospital, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, Bari 70124, Italy
| | - Rienk Offringa
- Division of Molecular Oncology of Gastrointestinal Tumors, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany.,Department of Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Roman Fischer
- Target Discovery Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Oreste Acuto
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RE, UK
| | | | - Anna Kabanova
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, via Aldo Moro 2, Siena 53100, Italy.
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28
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Fan Z, Tian Y, Chen Z, Liu L, Zhou Q, He J, Coleman J, Dong C, Li N, Huang J, Xu C, Zhang Z, Gao S, Zhou P, Ding K, Chen L. Blocking interaction between SHP2 and PD-1 denotes a novel opportunity for developing PD-1 inhibitors. EMBO Mol Med 2020; 12:e11571. [PMID: 32391629 PMCID: PMC7278553 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201911571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Small molecular PD-1 inhibitors are lacking in current immuno-oncology clinic. PD-1/PD-L1 antibody inhibitors currently approved for clinical usage block interaction between PD-L1 and PD-1 to enhance cytotoxicity of CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL). Whether other steps along the PD-1 signaling pathway can be targeted remains to be determined. Here, we report that methylene blue (MB), an FDA-approved chemical for treating methemoglobinemia, potently inhibits PD-1 signaling. MB enhances the cytotoxicity, activation, cell proliferation, and cytokine-secreting activity of CTL inhibited by PD-1. Mechanistically, MB blocks interaction between Y248-phosphorylated immunoreceptor tyrosine-based switch motif (ITSM) of human PD-1 and SHP2. MB enables activated CTL to shrink PD-L1 expressing tumor allografts and autochthonous lung cancers in a transgenic mouse model. MB also effectively counteracts the PD-1 signaling on human T cells isolated from peripheral blood of healthy donors. Thus, we identify an FDA-approved chemical capable of potently inhibiting the function of PD-1. Equally important, our work sheds light on a novel strategy to develop inhibitors targeting PD-1 signaling axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Fan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yahui Tian
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhipeng Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lu Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian Zhou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingjing He
- Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - James Coleman
- Biomedical Research Centre, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK
| | - Changjiang Dong
- Biomedical Research Centre, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK
| | - Nan Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junqi Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chenqi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Science Research Center, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhimin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Song Gao
- Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Penghui Zhou
- Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ke Ding
- School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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29
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Rohrs JA, Siegler EL, Wang P, Finley SD. ERK Activation in CAR T Cells Is Amplified by CD28-Mediated Increase in CD3ζ Phosphorylation. iScience 2020; 23:101023. [PMID: 32325413 PMCID: PMC7178546 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) are engineered receptors that mediate T cell activation. CARs are comprised of activating and co-stimulatory intracellular signaling domains derived from endogenous T cells that initiate signaling required for T cell activation, including ERK activation through the MAPK pathway. Understanding the mechanisms by which co-stimulatory domains influence signaling can help guide the design of next-generation CARs. Therefore, we constructed an experimentally validated computational model of anti-CD19 CARs in T cells bearing the CD3ζ domain alone or in combination with CD28. We performed a systematic analysis to explore the different mechanisms of CD28 co-stimulation on the ERK response time. Comparing these model simulations with experimental data indicates that CD28 primarily influences ERK activation by enhancing the phosphorylation kinetics of CD3ζ. Overall, we present a mechanistic mathematical modeling framework that can be used to gain insights into the mechanism of CAR T cell activation and produce new testable hypotheses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Pin Wang
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Stacey D Finley
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
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30
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Budayeva HG, Kirkpatrick DS. Monitoring protein communities and their responses to therapeutics. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2020; 19:414-426. [PMID: 32139903 DOI: 10.1038/s41573-020-0063-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Most therapeutics are designed to alter the activities of proteins. From metabolic enzymes to cell surface receptors, connecting the function of a protein to a cellular phenotype, to the activity of a drug and to a clinical outcome represents key mechanistic milestones during drug development. Yet, even for therapeutics with exquisite specificity, the sequence of events following target engagement can be complex. Interconnected communities of structural, metabolic and signalling proteins modulate diverse downstream effects that manifest as interindividual differences in efficacy, adverse effects and resistance to therapy. Recent advances in mass spectrometry proteomics have made it possible to decipher these complex relationships and to understand how factors such as genotype, cell type, local environment and external perturbations influence them. In this Review, we explore how proteomic technologies are expanding our understanding of protein communities and their responses to large- and small-molecule therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna G Budayeva
- Department of Microchemistry, Proteomics and Lipidomics, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Donald S Kirkpatrick
- Department of Microchemistry, Proteomics and Lipidomics, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA.
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31
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Jeong S, Park SH. Co-Stimulatory Receptors in Cancers and Their Implications for Cancer Immunotherapy. Immune Netw 2020; 20:e3. [PMID: 32158591 PMCID: PMC7049585 DOI: 10.4110/in.2020.20.e3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), including anti-PD-1 and anti-CTLA-4 therapeutic agents, are now approved by the Food and Drug Administration for treatment of various types of cancer. However, the therapeutic efficacy of ICIs varies among patients and cancer types. Moreover, most patients do not develop durable antitumor responses after ICI therapy due to an ephemeral reversal of T-cell dysfunction. As co-stimulatory receptors play key roles in regulating the effector functions of T cells, activating co-stimulatory pathways may improve checkpoint inhibition efficacy, and lead to durable antitumor responses. Here, we review recent advances in our understating of co-stimulatory receptors in cancers, providing the necessary groundwork for the rational design of cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seongju Jeong
- Biomedical Science and Engineering Interdisciplinary Program, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Su-Hyung Park
- Biomedical Science and Engineering Interdisciplinary Program, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Korea.,Laboratory of Translational Immunology and Vaccinology, Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Korea
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Shang W, Wang F, Zhu Q, Wang L, Wang H. CRISPR/Cas9-Based Genetic Screening to Study T-Cell Function. Methods Mol Biol 2020; 2111:59-70. [PMID: 31933198 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0266-9_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
T-cell-based cancer immunotherapies have emerged as a promising approach for cancer treatment, highlighting the importance of understanding the regulation of T-cell function. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying T-cell activation are not fully understood. The CRISPR/Cas9 system can serve as a robust method to systematically study signaling pathways. In this chapter, we describe details of using the CRISPR screen to identify regulators in TCR signaling, from the sgRNA library construction to genomic DNA sequencing. We also add some notes to further help readers performing the CRISPR screen. This approach can be readily adapted to study the activation of other immune cells, including B cells and dendritic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanjing Shang
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Zhu
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liangyu Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haopeng Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China.
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Critical role for TRIM28 and HP1β/γ in the epigenetic control of T cell metabolic reprograming and effector differentiation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:25839-25849. [PMID: 31776254 PMCID: PMC6925996 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1901639116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
CD4 T cells are major regulators of immune responses against both self and pathogens. Understanding pathways that govern CD4 T cell differentiation and regulation are thus key for the discovery of new immunoregulatory drug targets. Here, we have identified an epigenetic pathway that regulates the expression of a set of proteins that determine T cell responsiveness. By silencing enhancers distal to a set of genes known to be involved in regulatory T cell function, the epigenetic modifiers TRIM28 and HP1β/γ regulate T cell receptor signaling. This leads to defective metabolic reprograming and inefficient effector differentiation of naive T cells. This mechanism provides an exciting opportunity to regulate T cell responsivity in both autoimmunity and T cell-based immunodeficiencies. Naive CD4+ T lymphocytes differentiate into different effector types, including helper and regulatory cells (Th and Treg, respectively). Heritable gene expression programs that define these effector types are established during differentiation, but little is known about the epigenetic mechanisms that install and maintain these programs. Here, we use mice defective for different components of heterochromatin-dependent gene silencing to investigate the epigenetic control of CD4+ T cell plasticity. We show that, upon T cell receptor (TCR) engagement, naive and regulatory T cells defective for TRIM28 (an epigenetic adaptor for histone binding modules) or for heterochromatin protein 1 β and γ isoforms (HP1β/γ, 2 histone-binding factors involved in gene silencing) fail to effectively signal through the PI3K–AKT–mTOR axis and switch to glycolysis. While differentiation of naive TRIM28−/− T cells into cytokine-producing effector T cells is impaired, resulting in reduced induction of autoimmune colitis, TRIM28−/− regulatory T cells also fail to expand in vivo and to suppress autoimmunity effectively. Using a combination of transcriptome and chromatin immunoprecipitation-sequencing (ChIP-seq) analyses for H3K9me3, H3K9Ac, and RNA polymerase II, we show that reduced effector differentiation correlates with impaired transcriptional silencing at distal regulatory regions of a defined set of Treg-associated genes, including, for example, NRP1 or Snai3. We conclude that TRIM28 and HP1β/γ control metabolic reprograming through epigenetic silencing of a defined set of Treg-characteristic genes, thus allowing effective T cell expansion and differentiation into helper and regulatory phenotypes.
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Zhao Y, Harrison DL, Song Y, Ji J, Huang J, Hui E. Antigen-Presenting Cell-Intrinsic PD-1 Neutralizes PD-L1 in cis to Attenuate PD-1 Signaling in T Cells. Cell Rep 2019; 24:379-390.e6. [PMID: 29996099 PMCID: PMC6093302 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.06.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The PD-1 pathway, consisting of the co-inhibitory receptor PD-1 on T cells and its ligand (PD-L1) on antigen-presenting cells (APCs), is a major mechanism of tumor immune evasion. PD-1 and PD-L1 blockade antibodies have produced remarkable clinical activities against a subset of cancers. Binding between T cell-intrinsic PD-1 and APC-intrinsic PD-L1 triggers inhibitory signaling to attenuate the T cell response. Here, we report that PD-1 is co-expressed with PD-L1 on tumor cells and tumor-infiltrating APCs. Using reconstitution and cell culture assays, we demonstrate that the co-expressed PD-1 binds to PD-L1 in cis. Such interaction inhibits the ability of PD-L1 to bind T cell-intrinsic PD-1 in trans and, in turn, represses canonical PD-L1/PD-1 inhibitory signaling. Selective blockade of tumor-intrinsic PD-1 frees up tumor-intrinsic PD-L1 to inhibit T cell signaling and cytotoxicity. Our study uncovers another dimension of PD-1 regulation, with important therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunlong Zhao
- Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Devin L Harrison
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Yuran Song
- Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Jie Ji
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Jun Huang
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Enfu Hui
- Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
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Skånland SS, Taskén K. Carboxyl-Terminal Src Kinase Binds CD28 upon Activation and Mutes Downstream Signaling. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 203:1055-1063. [PMID: 31292214 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1801660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Full T cell activation depends on stimulation of the TCR in conjunction with a costimulatory receptor. The involvement of costimulatory molecules is potent, and a mechanistic understanding of how downstream signaling is regulated is required to fully understand T cell responsiveness. In this study, a proteomic approach was taken to identify the interactomes of the coreceptors CD2 and CD28. These coreceptors are both positive regulators of T cell activation, but CD28 less potently induces TCR-proximal signaling. C-terminal Src kinase (CSK), a negative regulator of TCR signaling, was identified as a specific and direct interactor only of activated CD28. CSK is recruited to CD28 upon T cell activation, and the in vitro kinase activity of CSK is enhanced in the presence of phosphorylated CD28. Interruption of the CSK/CD28 interaction prior to TCR/CD28 costimulation induces a signaling response which mimics the more potent CD2-induced TCR-proximal pathway activation. Thus, CD28 functions as a novel adaptor protein for CSK, and CSK regulates signaling downstream of CD28.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sigrid S Skånland
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, N-0424 Oslo, Norway; .,K. G. Jebsen Centre for B Cell Malignancies, Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, N-0318 Oslo, Norway; and .,K. G. Jebsen Centre for Cancer Immunotherapy, Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, N-0318 Oslo, Norway
| | - Kjetil Taskén
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, N-0424 Oslo, Norway.,K. G. Jebsen Centre for B Cell Malignancies, Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, N-0318 Oslo, Norway; and.,K. G. Jebsen Centre for Cancer Immunotherapy, Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, N-0318 Oslo, Norway
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Signal Transduction Via Co-stimulatory and Co-inhibitory Receptors. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1189:85-133. [PMID: 31758532 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-32-9717-3_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
T-cell receptor (TCR)-mediated antigen-specific stimulation is essential for initiating T-cell activation. However, signaling through the TCR alone is not sufficient for inducing an effective response. In addition to TCR-mediated signaling, signaling through antigen-independent co-stimulatory or co-inhibitory receptors is critically important not only for the full activation and functional differentiation of T cells but also for the termination and suppression of T-cell responses. Many studies have investigated the signaling pathways underlying the function of each molecular component. Co-stimulatory and co-inhibitory receptors have no kinase activity, but their cytoplasmic region contains unique functional motifs and potential phosphorylation sites. Engagement of co-stimulatory receptors leads to recruitment of specific binding partners, such as adaptor molecules, kinases, and phosphatases, via recognition of a specific motif. Consequently, each co-stimulatory receptor transduces a unique pattern of signaling pathways. This review focuses on our current understanding of the intracellular signaling pathways provided by co-stimulatory and co-inhibitory molecules, including B7:CD28 family members, immunoglobulin, and members of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily.
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Rohrs JA, Zheng D, Graham NA, Wang P, Finley SD. Computational Model of Chimeric Antigen Receptors Explains Site-Specific Phosphorylation Kinetics. Biophys J 2018; 115:1116-1129. [PMID: 30197180 PMCID: PMC6139883 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2018.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) have recently been approved for the treatment of hematological malignancies, but our lack of understanding of the basic mechanisms that activate these proteins has made it difficult to optimize and control CAR-based therapies. In this study, we use phosphoproteomic mass spectrometry and mechanistic computational modeling to quantify the in vitro kinetics of individual tyrosine phosphorylation on a variety of CARs. We show that each of the 10 tyrosine sites on the CD28-CD3ζ CAR is phosphorylated by lymphocyte-specific protein-tyrosine kinase (LCK) with distinct kinetics. The addition of CD28 at the N-terminal of CD3ζ increases the overall rate of CD3ζ phosphorylation. Our computational model identifies that LCK phosphorylates CD3ζ through a mechanism of competitive inhibition. This model agrees with previously published data in the literature and predicts that phosphatases in this system interact with CD3ζ through a similar mechanism of competitive inhibition. This quantitative modeling framework can be used to better understand CAR signaling and T cell activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer A Rohrs
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Dongqing Zheng
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Nicholas A Graham
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Pin Wang
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Stacey D Finley
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California; Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.
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39
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A proximity-tagging system to identify membrane protein-protein interactions. Nat Methods 2018; 15:715-722. [PMID: 30104635 DOI: 10.1038/s41592-018-0100-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The communication between cells and between cellular organelles is often controlled by the interaction of membrane proteins. Although many methods for the detection of protein-protein interactions (PPIs) exist, membrane PPIs remain difficult to detect. Here we developed a proximity-based tagging system, PUP-IT (pupylation-based interaction tagging), to identify membrane protein interactions. In this approach, a small protein tag, Pup, is applied to proteins that interact with a PafA-fused bait, enabling transient and weak interactions to be enriched and detected by mass spectrometry. Pup does not diffuse from the enzyme, which allows high-specificity labeling. We applied this approach to CD28, a critical costimulatory receptor for T lymphocyte activation, and identified known CD28 binding partners and multiple potential interacting proteins. In addition, we demonstrated that this method can identify the interaction between a cell surface receptor and its ligand.
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40
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Roles of Host Immunity in Viral Myocarditis and Dilated Cardiomyopathy. J Immunol Res 2018; 2018:5301548. [PMID: 29854842 PMCID: PMC5964556 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5301548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Revised: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of viral myocarditis includes both the direct damage mediated by viral infection and the indirect lesion resulted from host immune responses. Myocarditis can progress into dilated cardiomyopathy that is also associated with immunopathogenesis. T cell-mediated autoimmunity, antibody-mediated autoimmunity (autoantibodies), and innate immunity, working together, contribute to the development of myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy.
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Abstract
CD28 superagonistic antibodies (CD28SAb) can preferentially activate and expand immunosuppressive regulatory T cells (Treg) in mice. However, pre-clinical trials assessing CD28SAbs for the therapy of autoimmune diseases reveal severe systemic inflammatory response syndrome in humans, thereby implying the existence of distinct signalling abilities between human and mouse CD28. Here, we show that a single amino acid variant within the C-terminal proline-rich motif of human and mouse CD28 (P212 in human vs. A210 in mouse) regulates CD28-induced NF-κB activation and pro-inflammatory cytokine gene expression. Moreover, this Y209APP212 sequence in humans is crucial for the association of CD28 with the Nck adaptor protein for actin cytoskeleton reorganisation events necessary for CD28 autonomous signalling. This study thus unveils different outcomes between human and mouse CD28 signalling to underscore the importance of species difference when transferring results from preclinical models to the bedside. CD28 transmits co-stimulatory signals for the activation of both mouse and human T cells, but in vivo hyperactivation of CD28 has opposite effects on system immunity. Here, the authors show that a single amino acid difference between mouse and human CD28 dictates this function distinction via differential recruitment of Nck.
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Rowshanravan B, Halliday N, Sansom DM. CTLA-4: a moving target in immunotherapy. Blood 2018; 131:58-67. [PMID: 29118008 PMCID: PMC6317697 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2017-06-741033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 711] [Impact Index Per Article: 118.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
CD28 and CTLA-4 are members of a family of immunoglobulin-related receptors that are responsible for various aspects of T-cell immune regulation. The family includes CD28, CTLA-4, and ICOS as well as other proteins, including PD-1, BTLA, and TIGIT. These receptors have both stimulatory (CD28, ICOS) and inhibitory roles (CTLA-4, PD-1, BTLA, and TIGIT) in T-cell function. Increasingly, these pathways are targeted as part of immune modulatory strategies to treat cancers, referred to generically as immune checkpoint blockade, and conversely to treat autoimmunity and CTLA-4 deficiency. Here, we focus on the biology of the CD28/CTLA-4 pathway as a framework for understanding the impacts of therapeutic manipulation of this pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behzad Rowshanravan
- Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, Division of Infection & Immunity, University College London, Royal Free Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Neil Halliday
- Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, Division of Infection & Immunity, University College London, Royal Free Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - David M Sansom
- Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, Division of Infection & Immunity, University College London, Royal Free Hospital, London, United Kingdom
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Chen W, Chen L, Tian R. An integrated strategy for highly sensitive phosphoproteome analysis from low micrograms of protein samples. Analyst 2018; 143:3693-3701. [DOI: 10.1039/c8an00792f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Phospho-SISPROT achieves highly sensitive phosphoproteome analysis from lower than 20 μg of cell lysates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendong Chen
- Department of Chemistry
- Southern University of Science and Technology
- Shenzhen 518055
- China
- SUSTech Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies
| | - Lan Chen
- Department of Chemistry
- Southern University of Science and Technology
- Shenzhen 518055
- China
| | - Ruijun Tian
- Department of Chemistry
- Southern University of Science and Technology
- Shenzhen 518055
- China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research
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Affinity purification mass spectrometry analysis of PD-1 uncovers SAP as a new checkpoint inhibitor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 115:E468-E477. [PMID: 29282323 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1710437115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) is an essential inhibitory receptor in T cells. Antibodies targeting PD-1 elicit durable clinical responses in patients with multiple tumor indications. Nevertheless, a significant proportion of patients do not respond to anti-PD-1 treatment, and a better understanding of the signaling pathways downstream of PD-1 could provide biomarkers for those whose tumors respond and new therapeutic approaches for those whose tumors do not. We used affinity purification mass spectrometry to uncover multiple proteins associated with PD-1. Among these proteins, signaling lymphocytic activation molecule-associated protein (SAP) was functionally and mechanistically analyzed for its contribution to PD-1 inhibitory responses. Silencing of SAP augmented and overexpression blocked PD-1 function. T cells from patients with X-linked lymphoproliferative disease (XLP), who lack functional SAP, were hyperresponsive to PD-1 signaling, confirming its inhibitory role downstream of PD-1. Strikingly, signaling downstream of PD-1 in purified T cell subsets did not correlate with PD-1 surface expression but was inversely correlated with intracellular SAP levels. Mechanistically, SAP opposed PD-1 function by acting as a molecular shield of key tyrosine residues that are targets for the tyrosine phosphatase SHP2, which mediates PD-1 inhibitory properties. Our results identify SAP as an inhibitor of PD-1 function and SHP2 as a potential therapeutic target in patients with XLP.
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Stark BC, Lanier MH, Cooper JA. CARMIL family proteins as multidomain regulators of actin-based motility. Mol Biol Cell 2017; 28:1713-1723. [PMID: 28663287 PMCID: PMC5491179 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e17-01-0019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Revised: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
CARMILs are large multidomain proteins that regulate the actin-binding activity of capping protein (CP), a major capper of actin filament barbed ends in cells. CARMILs bind directly to CP and induce a conformational change that allosterically decreases but does not abolish its actin-capping activity. The CP-binding domain of CARMIL consists of the CP-interaction (CPI) and CARMIL-specific interaction (CSI) motifs, which are arranged in tandem. Many cellular functions of CARMILs require the interaction with CP; however, a more surprising result is that the cellular function of CP in cells appears to require binding to a CARMIL or another protein with a CPI motif, suggesting that CPI-motif proteins target CP and modulate its actin-capping activity. Vertebrates have three highly conserved genes and expressed isoforms of CARMIL with distinct and overlapping localizations and functions in cells. Various domains of these CARMIL isoforms interact with plasma membranes, vimentin intermediate filaments, SH3-containing class I myosins, the dual-GEF Trio, and other adaptors and signaling molecules. These biochemical properties suggest that CARMILs play a variety of membrane-associated functions related to actin assembly and signaling. CARMIL mutations and variants have been implicated in several human diseases. We focus on roles for CARMILs in signaling in addition to their function as regulators of CP and actin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin C Stark
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics and Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - M Hunter Lanier
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics and Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - John A Cooper
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics and Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
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Dynamic regulation of CD28 conformation and signaling by charged lipids and ions. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2017; 24:1081-1092. [PMID: 29058713 DOI: 10.1038/nsmb.3489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
CD28 provides an essential costimulatory signal for T cell activation, and its function is critical in antitumor immunity. However, the molecular mechanism of CD28 transmembrane signaling remains elusive. Here we show that the conformation and signaling of CD28 are regulated by two counteractive charged factors, acidic phospholipids and Ca2+ ions. NMR spectroscopy analyses showed that acidic phospholipids can sequester CD28 signaling motifs within the membrane, thereby limiting CD28 basal signaling. T cell receptor (TCR) activation induced an increase in the local Ca2+ concentration around CD28, and Ca2+ directly disrupted CD28-lipid interaction, leading to opening and signaling of CD28. We observed that the TCR, Ca2+, and CD28 together form a dual-positive-feedback circuit that substantially amplifies T cell signaling and thus increases antigen sensitivity. This work unravels a new regulatory mechanism for CD28 signaling and thus contributes to the understanding of the dependence of costimulation signaling on TCR signaling and the high sensitivity of T cells.
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47
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Shang W, Wang F, Fan G, Wang H. Key elements for designing and performing a CRISPR/Cas9-based genetic screen. J Genet Genomics 2017; 44:439-449. [PMID: 28967615 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2017.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 07/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Reverse genetic screens are invaluable for uncovering gene functions, but are traditionally hampered by some technical limitations. Over the past few years, since the advent of the revolutionary CRISPR/Cas9 technology, its power in genome editing has been harnessed to overcome the traditional limitations in reverse genetic screens, with successes in various biological contexts. Here, we outline these CRISPR/Cas9-based screens, provide guidance on the design of effective screens and discuss the potential future directions of development of this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanjing Shang
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China; Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Fei Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China; Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Gaofeng Fan
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China.
| | - Haopeng Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China.
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48
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Kruglova NA, Meshkova TD, Kopylov AT, Mazurov DV, Filatov AV. Constitutive and activation-dependent phosphorylation of lymphocyte phosphatase-associated phosphoprotein (LPAP). PLoS One 2017; 12:e0182468. [PMID: 28827793 PMCID: PMC5565103 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymphocyte phosphatase-associated phosphoprotein (LPAP) is a small transmembrane protein expressed exclusively in lymphocytes. LPAP is a component of a supramolecular complex composed of the phosphatase CD45, the co-receptor CD4, and the kinase Lck. In contrast to its immunologically important partners, the function of LPAP is unknown. We hypothesized that the biological role of LPAP may be determined by analyzing LPAP phosphorylation. In the present study, we identified LPAP phosphorylation sites by site-directed mutagenesis, phospho-specific antibodies, and protein immunoprecipitation coupled to mass spectrometry analysis. Our results confirmed previous reports that Ser-99, Ser-153, and Ser-163 are phosphorylated, as well as provided evidence for the phosphorylation of Ser-172. Using various SDS-PAGE techniques, we detected and quantified a set of LPAP phosphoforms that were assigned to a combination of particular phosphorylation events. The phosphorylation of LPAP appears to be a tightly regulated process. Our results support the model: following phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) or TCR/CD3 activation of T cells, LPAP is rapidly dephosphorylated at Ser-99 and Ser-172 and slowly phosphorylated at Ser-163. Ser-153 exhibited a high basal level of phosphorylation in both resting and activated cells. Therefore, we suggest that LPAP may function as a co-regulator of T-cell signaling.
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49
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Hui E, Cheung J, Zhu J, Su X, Taylor MJ, Wallweber HA, Sasmal DK, Huang J, Kim JM, Mellman I, Vale RD. T cell costimulatory receptor CD28 is a primary target for PD-1-mediated inhibition. Science 2017; 355:1428-1433. [PMID: 28280247 DOI: 10.1126/science.aaf1292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1085] [Impact Index Per Article: 155.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Revised: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) is a coinhibitory receptor that suppresses T cell activation and is an important cancer immunotherapy target. Upon activation by its ligand PD-L1, PD-1 is thought to suppress signaling through the T cell receptor (TCR). By titrating PD-1 signaling in a biochemical reconstitution system, we demonstrate that the co-receptor CD28 is strongly preferred over the TCR as a target for dephosphorylation by PD-1-recruited Shp2 phosphatase. We also show that CD28, but not the TCR, is preferentially dephosphorylated in response to PD-1 activation by PD-L1 in an intact cell system. These results reveal that PD-1 suppresses T cell function primarily by inactivating CD28 signaling, suggesting that costimulatory pathways play key roles in regulating effector T cell function and responses to anti-PD-L1/PD-1 therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enfu Hui
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Jeanne Cheung
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Jing Zhu
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Xiaolei Su
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Marcus J Taylor
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Heidi A Wallweber
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Dibyendu K Sasmal
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Jun Huang
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Jeong M Kim
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Ira Mellman
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA.
| | - Ronald D Vale
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
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Tape CJ, Jørgensen C. Cell-Specific Labeling for Analyzing Bidirectional Signaling by Mass Spectrometry. Methods Mol Biol 2017; 1636:219-234. [PMID: 28730482 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7154-1_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2024]
Abstract
Cell-specific proteome labeling enables global proteome-wide analysis of cell signaling in heterotypic co-cultures. Such approaches have provided unique insight in contact-initiated receptor tyrosine kinase signaling, transfer of proteomic material between heterotypic cells, and interactions between normal and oncogenic cells. Here we describe current methods for cell-specific labeling of heterotypic cells with isotopic labeled amino acids (e.g., SILAC and CTAP). We outline the advantages and disadvantages of individual approaches, describe typical experimental scenarios, and discuss where each experimental approach is optimally applied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Tape
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW3 6JB, UK
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Claus Jørgensen
- Systems Oncology, CRUK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Wilmslow Road, Manchester, M20 4QL, UK.
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