1
|
Bhat AM, Mohapatra BC, Luan H, Mushtaq I, Chakraborty S, Kumar S, Wu W, Nolan B, Dutta S, Storck MD, Schott M, Meza JL, Lele SM, Lin MF, Cook LM, Corey E, Morrissey C, Coulter DW, Rowley MJ, Natarajan A, Datta K, Band V, Band H. GD2 and its biosynthetic enzyme GD3 synthase promote tumorigenesis in prostate cancer by regulating cancer stem cell behavior. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13523. [PMID: 38866755 PMCID: PMC11169677 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60052-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
While better management of loco-regional prostate cancer (PC) has greatly improved survival, advanced PC remains a major cause of cancer deaths. Identification of novel targetable pathways that contribute to tumor progression in PC could open new therapeutic options. The di-ganglioside GD2 is a target of FDA-approved antibody therapies in neuroblastoma, but the role of GD2 in PC is unexplored. Here, we show that GD2 is expressed in a small subpopulation of PC cells in a subset of patients and a higher proportion of metastatic tumors. Variable levels of cell surface GD2 expression were seen on many PC cell lines, and the expression was highly upregulated by experimental induction of lineage progression or enzalutamide resistance in CRPC cell models. GD2high cell fraction was enriched upon growth of PC cells as tumorspheres and GD2high fraction was enriched in tumorsphere-forming ability. CRISPR-Cas9 knockout (KO) of the rate-limiting GD2 biosynthetic enzyme GD3 Synthase (GD3S) in GD2high CRPC cell models markedly impaired the in vitro oncogenic traits and growth as bone-implanted xenograft tumors and reduced the cancer stem cell and epithelial-mesenchymal transition marker expression. Our results support the potential role of GD3S and its product GD2 in promoting PC tumorigenesis by maintaining cancer stem cells and suggest the potential for GD2 targeting in advanced PC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aaqib M Bhat
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, 985805 Nebraska Medical Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-6805, USA
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, 985805 Nebraska Medical Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Bhopal C Mohapatra
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, 985805 Nebraska Medical Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA.
- Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
| | - Haitao Luan
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, 985805 Nebraska Medical Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-6805, USA
| | - Insha Mushtaq
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, 985805 Nebraska Medical Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-6805, USA
- Departments of Pathology and Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
- Incyte Corporation, Wilmington, DE, USA
| | - Sukanya Chakraborty
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, 985805 Nebraska Medical Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-6805, USA
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, 985805 Nebraska Medical Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Siddhartha Kumar
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, 985805 Nebraska Medical Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-6805, USA
| | - Wangbin Wu
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, 985805 Nebraska Medical Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-6805, USA
| | - Ben Nolan
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, 985805 Nebraska Medical Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Samikshan Dutta
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Matthew D Storck
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, 985805 Nebraska Medical Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-6805, USA
| | - Micah Schott
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
- Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Jane L Meza
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
- Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Subodh M Lele
- Departments of Pathology and Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
- Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Ming-Fong Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Leah M Cook
- Departments of Pathology and Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
- Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Eva Corey
- Department of Urology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Colm Morrissey
- Department of Urology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Donald W Coulter
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
- Incyte Corporation, Wilmington, DE, USA
| | - M Jordan Rowley
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, 985805 Nebraska Medical Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
- Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Amarnath Natarajan
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, 985805 Nebraska Medical Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-6805, USA
- Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Kaustubh Datta
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
- Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Vimla Band
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, 985805 Nebraska Medical Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA.
- Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
| | - Hamid Band
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, 985805 Nebraska Medical Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-6805, USA.
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, 985805 Nebraska Medical Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA.
- Departments of Pathology and Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
- Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Thomas M, Nguyen TH, Drnevich J, D’Souza AM, de Alarcon PA, Gnanamony M. Hu14.18K.322A Causes Direct Cell Cytotoxicity and Synergizes with Induction Chemotherapy in High-Risk Neuroblastoma. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2064. [PMID: 38893185 PMCID: PMC11171330 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16112064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The disialoganglioside, GD2, is a promising therapeutic target due to its overexpression in certain tumors, particularly neuroblastoma (NB), with limited expression in normal tissues. Despite progress, the intricate mechanisms of action and the full spectrum of the direct cellular responses to anti-GD2 antibodies remain incompletely understood. In this study, we examined the direct cytotoxic effects of the humanized anti-GD2 antibody hu14.18K322A (hu14) on NB cell lines, by exploring the associated cell-death pathways. Additionally, we assessed the synergy between hu14 and conventional induction chemotherapy drugs. Our results revealed that hu14 treatment induced direct cytotoxic effects in CHLA15 and SK-N-BE1 cell lines, with a pronounced impact on proliferation and colony formation. Apoptosis emerged as the predominant cell-death pathway triggered by hu14. Furthermore, we saw a reduction in GD2 surface expression in response to hu14 treatment. Hu14 demonstrated synergy with induction chemotherapy drugs with alterations in GD2 expression. Our comprehensive investigation provides valuable insights into the multifaceted effects of hu14 on NB cells, shedding light on its direct cytotoxicity, cell-death pathways, and interactions with induction chemotherapy drugs. This study contributes to the evolving understanding of anti-GD2 antibody therapy and its potential synergies with conventional treatments in the context of NB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Thomas
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois College of Medicine Peoria, One Illini Drive, Peoria, IL 61605, USA; (M.T.); (T.H.N.); (A.M.D.); (P.A.d.A.)
| | - Thu Hien Nguyen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois College of Medicine Peoria, One Illini Drive, Peoria, IL 61605, USA; (M.T.); (T.H.N.); (A.M.D.); (P.A.d.A.)
| | - Jenny Drnevich
- Roy J. Carver Biotechnology Center, The University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1206 W. Gregory Drive, Urbana, IL 61801, USA;
| | - Amber M. D’Souza
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois College of Medicine Peoria, One Illini Drive, Peoria, IL 61605, USA; (M.T.); (T.H.N.); (A.M.D.); (P.A.d.A.)
| | - Pedro A. de Alarcon
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois College of Medicine Peoria, One Illini Drive, Peoria, IL 61605, USA; (M.T.); (T.H.N.); (A.M.D.); (P.A.d.A.)
| | - Manu Gnanamony
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois College of Medicine Peoria, One Illini Drive, Peoria, IL 61605, USA; (M.T.); (T.H.N.); (A.M.D.); (P.A.d.A.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bhat AM, Mohapatra BC, Luan H, Mushtaq I, Chakraborty S, Kumar S, Wu W, Nolan B, Dutta S, Stock MD, Schott M, Meza JL, Lele SM, Lin MF, Cook LM, Corey E, Morrissey C, Coulter DW, Rowley J, Natarajan A, Datta K, Band V, Band H. GD2 and its biosynthetic enzyme GD3 synthase promote tumorigenesis in prostate cancer by regulating cancer stem cell behavior. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.03.18.533299. [PMID: 36993422 PMCID: PMC10055271 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.18.533299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
While better management of loco-regional prostate cancer (PC) has greatly improved survival, advanced PC remains a major cause of cancer deaths. Identification of novel targetable pathways that contribute to tumor progression in PC could open new therapeutic options. The di-ganglioside GD2 is a target of FDA-approved antibody therapies in neuroblastoma, but the role of GD2 in PC is unexplored. Here, we show that GD2 is expressed in a small subpopulation of PC cells in a subset of patients and a higher proportion of metastatic tumors. Variable levels of cell surface GD2 expression were seen on many PC cell lines, and the expression was highly upregulated by experimental induction of lineage progression or enzalutamide resistance in CRPC cell models. GD2high cell fraction was enriched upon growth of PC cells as tumorspheres and GD2high fraction was enriched in tumorsphere-forming ability. CRISPR-Cas9 knockout (KO) of the rate-limiting GD2 biosynthetic enzyme GD3 Synthase (GD3S) in GD2high CRPC cell models markedly impaired the in vitro oncogenic traits and growth as bone-implanted xenograft tumors and reduced the cancer stem cell (CSC) and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) marker expression. Our results support the potential role of GD3S and its product GD2 in promoting PC tumorigenesis by maintaining cancer stem cells and suggest the potential for GD2 targeting in advanced PC.
Collapse
|
4
|
Ando H, Komura N. Recent progress in the synthesis of glycosphingolipids. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2024; 78:102423. [PMID: 38184907 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2023.102423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
To accelerate the biological study and application of the diverse functions of glycosphingolipids (GSLs), the production of structurally defined GSLs has been greatly demanded. In this review, we focus on the recent developments in the chemical and chemoenzymatic synthesis of GSLs. In the chemical synthesis section, the syntheses based on glucosyl ceramide cassette, late-stage sialylation, and diversity-oriented strategies for GSLs or ganglioside synthesis are highlighted, which delivered terpioside B, fluorescent sialyl lactotetraosyl ceramide, and analogs of lacto-ganglio-series GSLs, respectively. In the chemoenzymatic synthesis section, the synthesis of ganglioside GM1 by multistep one-pot multienzyme method and the total synthesis of highly complex ganglioside LLG-5 using a water-soluble lactosyl ceramide as a key substrate for enzymatic sialylation are described.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiromune Ando
- Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan.
| | - Naoko Komura
- Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Biricioiu MR, Sarbu M, Ica R, Vukelić Ž, Kalanj-Bognar S, Zamfir AD. Advances in Mass Spectrometry of Gangliosides Expressed in Brain Cancers. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1335. [PMID: 38279335 PMCID: PMC10816113 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Gangliosides are highly abundant in the human brain where they are involved in major biological events. In brain cancers, alterations of ganglioside pattern occur, some of which being correlated with neoplastic transformation, while others with tumor proliferation. Of all techniques, mass spectrometry (MS) has proven to be one of the most effective in gangliosidomics, due to its ability to characterize heterogeneous mixtures and discover species with biomarker value. This review highlights the most significant achievements of MS in the analysis of gangliosides in human brain cancers. The first part presents the latest state of MS development in the discovery of ganglioside markers in primary brain tumors, with a particular emphasis on the ion mobility separation (IMS) MS and its contribution to the elucidation of the gangliosidome associated with aggressive tumors. The second part is focused on MS of gangliosides in brain metastases, highlighting the ability of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI)-MS, microfluidics-MS and tandem MS to decipher and structurally characterize species involved in the metastatic process. In the end, several conclusions and perspectives are presented, among which the need for development of reliable software and a user-friendly structural database as a search platform in brain tumor diagnostics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Roxana Biricioiu
- National Institute for Research and Development in Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter, 300224 Timisoara, Romania; (M.R.B.); (M.S.); (R.I.)
- Faculty of Physics, West University of Timisoara, 300223 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Mirela Sarbu
- National Institute for Research and Development in Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter, 300224 Timisoara, Romania; (M.R.B.); (M.S.); (R.I.)
| | - Raluca Ica
- National Institute for Research and Development in Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter, 300224 Timisoara, Romania; (M.R.B.); (M.S.); (R.I.)
| | - Željka Vukelić
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Svjetlana Kalanj-Bognar
- Croatian Institute for Brain Research, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Alina D. Zamfir
- National Institute for Research and Development in Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter, 300224 Timisoara, Romania; (M.R.B.); (M.S.); (R.I.)
- Department of Technical and Natural Sciences, “Aurel Vlaicu” University of Arad, 310330 Arad, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Jin X, Cheng H, Chen X, Cao X, Xiao C, Ding F, Qu H, Wang PG, Feng Y, Yang GY. A modular chemoenzymatic cascade strategy for the structure-customized assembly of ganglioside analogs. Commun Chem 2024; 7:17. [PMID: 38238524 PMCID: PMC10796935 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-024-01102-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Gangliosides play vital biological regulatory roles and are associated with neurological system diseases, malignancies, and immune deficiencies. They have received extensive attention in developing targeted drugs and diagnostic markers. However, it is difficult to obtain enough structurally defined gangliosides and analogs especially at an industrial-relevant scale, which prevent exploring structure-activity relationships and identifying drug ingredients. Here, we report a highly modular chemoenzymatic cascade assembly (MOCECA) strategy for customized and large-scale synthesis of ganglioside analogs with various glycan and ceramide epitopes. We typically accessed five gangliosides with therapeutic promising and systematically prepared ten GM1 analogs with diverse ceramides. Through further process amplification, we achieved industrial production of ganglioside GM1 in the form of modular assembly at hectogram scale. Using MOCECA-synthesized GM1 analogs, we found unique ceramide modifications on GM1 could enhance the ability to promote neurite outgrowth. By comparing the structures with synthetic analogs, we further resolved the problem of contradicting descriptions for GM1 components in different pharmaceutical documents by reinterpreting the exact two-component structures of commercialized GM1 drugs. Because of its applicability and stability, the MOCECA strategy can be extended to prepare other glycosphingolipid structures, which may pave the way for developing new glycolipid drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuefeng Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Clinical Pharmaceutics, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
| | - Hanchao Cheng
- School of Food and Drug, Shenzhen Polytechnic University, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Key University Laboratory of Metabolism and Health of Guangdong, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaohui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuefeng Cao
- Glycogene LLC, 10th Floor, Building 3, Wuhan Precision Medicine Industrial Base, East Lake New Technology Development Zone, Wuhan, China
| | - Cong Xiao
- Glycogene LLC, 10th Floor, Building 3, Wuhan Precision Medicine Industrial Base, East Lake New Technology Development Zone, Wuhan, China
| | - Fengling Ding
- Glycogene LLC, 10th Floor, Building 3, Wuhan Precision Medicine Industrial Base, East Lake New Technology Development Zone, Wuhan, China
| | - Huirong Qu
- Glycogene LLC, 10th Floor, Building 3, Wuhan Precision Medicine Industrial Base, East Lake New Technology Development Zone, Wuhan, China
| | - Peng George Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Key University Laboratory of Metabolism and Health of Guangdong, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Guangdong, China
| | - Yan Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guang-Yu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hein V, Baeza-Kallee N, Bertucci A, Colin C, Tchoghandjian A, Figarella-Branger D, Tabouret E. GD3 ganglioside is a promising therapeutic target for glioma patients. Neurooncol Adv 2024; 6:vdae038. [PMID: 38590763 PMCID: PMC11000324 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdae038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most frequent and aggressive primary brain tumor in adults. Currently, no curative treatment is available. Despite first-line treatment composed by the association of surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, relapse remains inevitable in a median delay of 6 to 10 months. Improving patient management and developing new therapeutic strategies are therefore a critical medical need in neuro-oncology. Gangliosides are sialic acid-containing glycosphingolipids, the most abundant in the nervous system, representing attractive therapeutic targets. The ganglioside GD3 is highly expressed in neuroectoderm-derived tumors such as melanoma and neuroblastoma, but also in gliomas. Moreover, interesting results, including our own, have reported the involvement of GD3 in the stemness of glioblastoma cells. In this review, we will first describe the characteristics of the ganglioside GD3 and its enzyme, the GD3 synthase (GD3S), including their biosynthesis and metabolism. Then, we will detail their expression and role in gliomas. Finally, we will summarize the current knowledge regarding the therapeutic development opportunities against GD3 and GD3S.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Hein
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, GlioME Team, Marseille, France
| | - Nathalie Baeza-Kallee
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, GlioME Team, Marseille, France
- Aix-Marseille Univ, Réseau Préclinique et Translationnel de Recherche en Neuro-oncologie PETRA, Plateforme PETRA“TECH” and Plateforme PE”TRANSLA,”Marseille, France
| | - Alexandre Bertucci
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, GlioME Team, Marseille, France
- APHM, CHU Timone, Service de Neuro-Oncologie, MarseilleFrance
| | - Carole Colin
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, GlioME Team, Marseille, France
- Aix-Marseille Univ, Réseau Préclinique et Translationnel de Recherche en Neuro-oncologie PETRA, Plateforme PETRA“TECH” and Plateforme PE”TRANSLA,”Marseille, France
| | - Aurélie Tchoghandjian
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, GlioME Team, Marseille, France
- Aix-Marseille Univ, Réseau Préclinique et Translationnel de Recherche en Neuro-oncologie PETRA, Plateforme PETRA“TECH” and Plateforme PE”TRANSLA,”Marseille, France
| | | | - Emeline Tabouret
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, GlioME Team, Marseille, France
- APHM, CHU Timone, Service de Neuro-Oncologie, MarseilleFrance
- Aix-Marseille Univ, Réseau Préclinique et Translationnel de Recherche en Neuro-oncologie PETRA, Plateforme PETRA“TECH” and Plateforme PE”TRANSLA,”Marseille, France
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Alshahrani SH, Yuliastanti T, Al-Dolaimy F, Korotkova NL, Rasulova I, Almuala AF, Alsaalamy A, Ali SHJ, Alasheqi MQ, Mustafa YF. A glimpse into let-7e roles in human disorders; friend or foe? Pathol Res Pract 2024; 253:154992. [PMID: 38103367 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been linked to abnormal expression and regulation in a number of diseases, including cancer. Recent studies have concentrated on miRNA Let-7e's significance in precision medicine for cancer screening and diagnosis as well as its prognostic and therapeutic potential. Differential let-7e levels in bodily fluids have the possibility to enable early detection of cancer utilizing less-invasive techniques, reducing biopsy-related risks. Although Let-7e miRNAs have been described as tumor suppressors, it is crucial to note that there exists proof to support their oncogenic activity in vitro and in in vivo. Let-7e's significance in chemo- and radiation treatment decisions has also been demonstrated. Let-7e can also prevent the synthesis of proinflammatory cytokines in a number of degenerative disorders, including musculoskeletal and neurological conditions. For the first time, an overview of the significance of let-7e in the prevention, detection, and therapy of cancer and other conditions has been given in the current review. Additionally, we focused on the specific molecular processes that underlie the actions of let-7e, more particularly, on malignant cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Nadezhda L Korotkova
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation; Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Privolzhsky Research Medical University" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation
| | - Irodakhon Rasulova
- School of Humanities, Natural & Social Sciences, New Uzbekistan University, 54 Mustaqillik Ave., Tashkent 100007, Uzbekistan; Department of Public Health, Samarkand State Medical University, Amir Temur Street 18, Samarkand, Uzbekistan
| | - Abbas Firras Almuala
- College of Technical Engineering, the Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq; College of Technical Engineering, the Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Iraq; College of Technical Engineering, the Islamic University of Babylon, Iraq
| | - Ali Alsaalamy
- College of Technical Engineering, Imam Ja'afar Al-Sadiq University, Al-Muthanna 66002, Iraq
| | - Saad Hayif Jasim Ali
- Department of Medical Laboratory, College of Health and Medical Technololgy, Al-Ayen University, Thi-Qar, Iraq
| | | | - Yasser Fakri Mustafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul 41001, Iraq
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Schengrund CL. The Ying and Yang of Ganglioside Function in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5362. [PMID: 38001622 PMCID: PMC10670608 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15225362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The plethora of information about the expression of cancer cell-associated gangliosides, their role(s) in signal transduction, and their potential usefulness in the development of cancer treatments makes this an appropriate time to review these enigmatic glycosphingolipids. Evidence, reflecting the work of many, indicates that (1) expression of specific gangliosides, not generally found in high concentrations in most normal human cells, can be linked to certain types of cancer. (2) Gangliosides can affect the ability of cells to interact either directly or indirectly with growth factor receptors, thereby changing such things as a cell's mobility, rate of proliferation, and metastatic ability. (3) Anti-ganglioside antibodies have been tested, with some success, as potential treatments for certain cancers. (4) Cancer-associated gangliosides shed into the circulation can (a) affect immune cell responsiveness either positively or negatively, (b) be considered as diagnostic markers, and (c) be used to look for recurrence. (5) Cancer registries enable investigators to evaluate data from sufficient numbers of patients to obtain information about potential therapies. Despite advances that have been made, a discussion of possible approaches to identifying additional treatment strategies to inhibit metastasis, responsible for the majority of deaths of cancer patients, as well as for treating therapy-resistant tumors, is included.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cara-Lynne Schengrund
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Baeza-Kallee N, Bergès R, Hein V, Cabaret S, Garcia J, Gros A, Tabouret E, Tchoghandjian A, Colin C, Figarella-Branger D. Deciphering the Action of Neuraminidase in Glioblastoma Models. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11645. [PMID: 37511403 PMCID: PMC10380381 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) contains cancer stem cells (CSC) that are resistant to treatment. GBM CSC expresses glycolipids recognized by the A2B5 antibody. A2B5, induced by the enzyme ST8 alpha-N-acetyl-neuraminide alpha-2,8-sialyl transferase 3 (ST8Sia3), plays a crucial role in the proliferation, migration, clonogenicity and tumorigenesis of GBM CSC. Our aim was to characterize the resulting effects of neuraminidase that removes A2B5 in order to target GBM CSC. To this end, we set up a GBM organotypic slice model; quantified A2B5 expression by flow cytometry in U87-MG, U87-ST8Sia3 and GBM CSC lines, treated or not by neuraminidase; performed RNAseq and DNA methylation profiling; and analyzed the ganglioside expression by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry in these cell lines, treated or not with neuraminidase. Results demonstrated that neuraminidase decreased A2B5 expression, tumor size and regrowth after surgical removal in the organotypic slice model but did not induce a distinct transcriptomic or epigenetic signature in GBM CSC lines. RNAseq analysis revealed that OLIG2, CHI3L1, TIMP3, TNFAIP2, and TNFAIP6 transcripts were significantly overexpressed in U87-ST8Sia3 compared to U87-MG. RT-qPCR confirmed these results and demonstrated that neuraminidase decreased gene expression in GBM CSC lines. Moreover, neuraminidase drastically reduced ganglioside expression in GBM CSC lines. Neuraminidase, by its pleiotropic action, is an attractive local treatment against GBM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Raphaël Bergès
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Victoria Hein
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Stéphanie Cabaret
- ChemoSens Platform, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, InstitutAgro, CNRS, INRAE, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Jeremy Garcia
- APHM, CHU Timone, Service d'Anatomie Pathologique et de Neuropathologie, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Abigaëlle Gros
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, 13005 Marseille, France
- APHM, CHU Timone, Service d'Anatomie Pathologique et de Neuropathologie, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Emeline Tabouret
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, 13005 Marseille, France
- APHM, CHU Timone, Service de Neurooncologie, 13005 Marseille, France
| | | | - Carole Colin
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, 13005 Marseille, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Jin X, Yang GY. Pathophysiological roles and applications of glycosphingolipids in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer diseases. Prog Lipid Res 2023; 91:101241. [PMID: 37524133 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2023.101241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Glycosphingolipids (GSLs) are major amphiphilic glycolipids present on the surface of living cell membranes. They have important biological functions, including maintaining plasma membrane stability, regulating signal transduction, and mediating cell recognition and adhesion. Specific GSLs and related enzymes are abnormally expressed in many cancer diseases and affect the malignant characteristics of tumors. The regulatory roles of GSLs in signaling pathways suggest that they are involved in tumor pathogenesis. GSLs have therefore been widely studied as diagnostic markers of cancer diseases and important targets of immunotherapy. This review describes the tumor-related biological functions of GSLs and systematically introduces recent progress in using diverse GSLs and related enzymes to diagnose and treat tumor diseases. Development of drugs and biomarkers for personalized cancer therapy based on GSL structure is also discussed. These advances, combined with recent progress in the preparation of GSLs derivatives through synthetic biology technologies, suggest a strong future for the use of customized GSL libraries in treating human diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuefeng Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; Department of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences and the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Guang-Yu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhou X, Chi K, Zhang C, Liu Q, Yang G. Sialylation: A Cloak for Tumors to Trick the Immune System in the Microenvironment. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:832. [PMID: 37372117 DOI: 10.3390/biology12060832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME), where the tumor cells incite the surrounding normal cells to create an immune suppressive environment, reduces the effectiveness of immune responses during cancer development. Sialylation, a type of glycosylation that occurs on cell surface proteins, lipids, and glycoRNAs, is known to accumulate in tumors and acts as a "cloak" to help tumor cells evade immunological surveillance. In the last few years, the role of sialylation in tumor proliferation and metastasis has become increasingly evident. With the advent of single-cell and spatial sequencing technologies, more research is being conducted to understand the effects of sialylation on immunity regulation. This review provides updated insights into recent research on the function of sialylation in tumor biology and summarizes the latest developments in sialylation-targeted tumor therapeutics, including antibody-mediated and metabolic-based sialylation inhibition, as well as interference with sialic acid-Siglec interaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoman Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Kaijun Chi
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Chairui Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Quan Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Ganglong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Murphy JD, Axiak-Bechtel S, Milner RJ, Lejeune A, Ossiboff RJ, Gell JC, Shiomitsu K. Characterization of expression and prognostic implications of GD2 and GD3 synthase in canine histiocytic sarcoma. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2023; 259:110594. [PMID: 37058951 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2023.110594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
GD2 and GD3 are disialoganglioside oncofetal antigens important in oncogenesis. GD2 synthase (GD2S) and GD3 synthase (GD3S) are needed for GD2 and GD3 production. The objectives of this study are to validate the use of RNA in situ hybridization (RNAscope®) in the detection of GD2S and GD3S in canine histiocytic sarcoma (HS) in vitro and optimize this technique in canine formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues. A secondary objective is to evaluate the prognostic significance of GD2S and GD3S on survival. Quantitative RT-PCR compared GD2S and GD3S mRNA expression between three HS cell lines followed by RNAscope® in fixed cell pellets from the DH82 cell line and FFPE tissues. Variables prognostic for survival were determined with Cox proportional hazard model. RNAscope® was validated for detection of GD2S and GD3S and optimized in FFPE tissues. GD2S and GD3S mRNA expression was variable between cell lines. GD2S and GD3S mRNA expression was detected and measured in all tumor tissues; there was no association with prognosis. GD2S and GD3S are expressed in canine HS and successfully detected using the high throughput technique of RNAscope® in FFPE samples. This study provides the foundation for future prospective research of GD2S and GD3S utilizing RNAscope®.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline D Murphy
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Florida College of Veterinary Medicine, 2015 SW 16th Ave, Gainesville, FL 32608, United States
| | - Sandra Axiak-Bechtel
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Florida College of Veterinary Medicine, 2015 SW 16th Ave, Gainesville, FL 32608, United States.
| | - Rowan J Milner
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Florida College of Veterinary Medicine, 2015 SW 16th Ave, Gainesville, FL 32608, United States
| | - Amandine Lejeune
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Florida College of Veterinary Medicine, 2015 SW 16th Ave, Gainesville, FL 32608, United States
| | - Robert J Ossiboff
- Department of Comparative, Diagnostic, and Population Medicine, University of Florida College of Veterinary Medicine, 2015 SW 16th Ave, Gainesville, FL 32608, United States
| | - Jessy Castellanos Gell
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Florida College of Veterinary Medicine, 2015 SW 16th Ave, Gainesville, FL 32608, United States
| | - Keijiro Shiomitsu
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Florida College of Veterinary Medicine, 2015 SW 16th Ave, Gainesville, FL 32608, United States
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Yesmin F, Furukawa K, Kambe M, Ohmi Y, Bhuiyan RH, Hasnat MA, Mizutani M, Tajima O, Hashimoto N, Tsuchida A, Kaneko K, Furukawa K. Extracellular vesicles released from ganglioside GD2-expressing melanoma cells enhance the malignant properties of GD2-negative melanomas. Sci Rep 2023; 13:4987. [PMID: 36973292 PMCID: PMC10042834 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31216-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes (small extracellular vesicles: EVs) have attracted increasing attention from basic scientists and clinicians since they play important roles in cell-to-cell communication in various biological processes. Various features of EVs have been elucidated regarding their contents, generation and secretion mechanisms, and functions in inflammation, regeneration, and cancers. These vesicles are reported to contain proteins, RNAs, microRNAs, DNAs, and lipids. Although the roles of individual components have been rigorously studied, the presence and roles of glycans in EVs have rarely been reported. In particular, glycosphingolipids in EVs have not been investigated to date. In this study, the expression and function of a representative cancer-associated ganglioside, GD2, in malignant melanomas was investigated. Generally, cancer-associated gangliosides have been shown to enhance malignant properties and signals in cancers. Notably, EVs derived from GD2-expressing melanomas enhanced the malignant phenotypes of GD2-negative melanomas, such as cell growth, invasion, and cell adhesion, in a dose-dependent manner. The EVs also induced increased phosphorylation of signaling molecules such as EGF receptor and focal adhesion kinase. These results suggest that EVs released from cancer-associated ganglioside-expressing cells exert many functions that have been reported as a function of these gangliosides and regulate microenvironments, including total aggravation of heterogeneous cancer tissues, leading to more malignant and advanced cancer types.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Farhana Yesmin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Matsumoto 1200, Kasugai, Aichi, 487-8501, Japan
| | - Keiko Furukawa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Matsumoto 1200, Kasugai, Aichi, 487-8501, Japan
| | - Mariko Kambe
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Matsumoto 1200, Kasugai, Aichi, 487-8501, Japan
| | - Yuhsuke Ohmi
- Department of Clinical Engineering, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Matsumoto 1200, Kasugai, Aichi, 487-8501, Japan
| | - Robiul Hasan Bhuiyan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Matsumoto 1200, Kasugai, Aichi, 487-8501, Japan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chittagong, 4331, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Abul Hasnat
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Matsumoto 1200, Kasugai, Aichi, 487-8501, Japan
| | - Momoka Mizutani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Matsumoto 1200, Kasugai, Aichi, 487-8501, Japan
| | - Orie Tajima
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Matsumoto 1200, Kasugai, Aichi, 487-8501, Japan
| | - Noboru Hashimoto
- Department of Tissue Regeneration, Tokushima University School of Dentistry, Kuramoto-Cho 3, Tokushima, 770-8504, Japan
| | - Akiko Tsuchida
- Laboratory of Glyco- Bioengineering, The Noguchi Institute, Itabashi, 173-0003, Japan
| | - Kei Kaneko
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Matsumoto 1200, Kasugai, Aichi, 487-8501, Japan
| | - Koichi Furukawa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Matsumoto 1200, Kasugai, Aichi, 487-8501, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Possible regulation of ganglioside GD3 synthase gene expression with DNA methylation in human glioma cells. Glycoconj J 2023; 40:323-332. [PMID: 36897478 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-023-10108-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Gangliosides are expressed in nervous systems and some neuroectoderm-derived tumors at high levels and play pivotal roles. However, mechanisms for the regulation of glycosyltransferase genes responsible for the ganglioside synthesis are not well understood. In this study, we analyzed DNA methylation patterns of promoter regions of GD3 synthase (ST8SIA1) as well as mRNA levels and ganglioside expression using human glioma cell lines. Among 5 cell lines examined, 4 lines showed changes in the expression levels of related genes after treatment with 5-aza-dC. LN319 showed up-regulation of St8sia1 and increased b-series gangliosides after 5-aza-dC treatment, and an astrocytoma cell line, AS showed high expression of ST8SIA1 and b-series gangliosides persistently before and after 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine treatment. Using these 2 cell lines, DNA methylation patterns of the promoter regions of the gene were analyzed by bisulfite-sequencing. Consequently, 2 regions that were methylated before 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine treatment were demethylated in LN319 after the treatment, while those regions were persistently demethylated in AS. These 2 regions corresponded with sites defined as promoter regions by Luciferase assay. Taken together, it was suggested that ST8SIA1 gene is regulated by DNA methylation at the promoter regions, leading to the regulation of tumor phenotypes.
Collapse
|
16
|
Cao S, Hu X, Ren S, Wang Y, Shao Y, Wu K, Yang Z, Yang W, He G, Li X. The biological role and immunotherapy of gangliosides and GD3 synthase in cancers. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1076862. [PMID: 36824365 PMCID: PMC9941352 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1076862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Gangliosides are a large subfamily of glycosphingolipids that broadly exist in the nervous system and interact with signaling molecules in the lipid rafts. GD3 and GD2 are two types of disialogangliosides (GDs) that include two sialic acid residues. The expression of GD3 and GD2 in various cancers is mostly upregulated and is involved in tumor proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and immune responses. GD3 synthase (GD3S, ST8SiaI), a subclass of sialyltransferases, regulates the biosynthesis of GD3 and GD2. GD3S is also upregulated in most tumors and plays an important role in the development and progression of tumors. Many clinical trials targeting GD2 are ongoing and various immunotherapy studies targeting gangliosides and GD3S are gradually attracting much interest and attention. This review summarizes the function, molecular mechanisms, and ongoing clinical applications of GD3, GD2, and GD3S in abundant types of tumors, which aims to provide novel targets for future cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shangqi Cao
- 1Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xu Hu
- 1Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shangqing Ren
- 2Robotic Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial Peoples Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Yaohui Wang
- 1Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanxiang Shao
- 1Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kan Wu
- 1Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhen Yang
- 3Department of Urology, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Weixiao Yang
- 1Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Gu He
- 4State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan, China,*Correspondence: Gu He, ; Xiang Li,
| | - Xiang Li
- 1Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,*Correspondence: Gu He, ; Xiang Li,
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Calvo-López T, Grueso E, Sánchez-Martínez C, Almendral JM. Intracellular virion traffic to the endosome driven by cell type specific sialic acid receptors determines parvovirus tropism. Front Microbiol 2023; 13:1063706. [PMID: 36756201 PMCID: PMC9899843 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1063706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Parvoviruses are promising anticancer and gene therapy agents, but a deep knowledge of the entry process is crucial to exploit their therapeutic potential. We addressed this issue while attempting to retarget the oncolytic parvovirus minute virus of mice (MVMp) to the tumor vasculature. Residues at three functional domains of the icosahedral capsid were substituted by rational design with peptides competing with the vascular endothelial growth factor. Most substitutions impaired virus maturation, though some yielded infectious chimeric virions, and substitutions in a dimple at the twofold axis that allocates sialic acid (SIA) receptors altered viral tropism. One dimple-modified chimeric virion was efficiently attached as MVMp to α2-linked SIA moieties, but the infection was impaired by the binding to some inhibitory α2-3,-6,-8 SIA pseudoreceptors, which hampers intracellular virus traffic to the endosome in a cell type-dependent manner. Infectious from nonproductive traffic could be mechanistically discriminated by an endosomal drastic capsid structural transition comprising the cleavage of some VP2-Nt sequences and its associated VP1-Nt exposure. Correspondingly, neuraminidase removal of inhibitory SIA moieties enhanced the infection quantitatively, correlating to the restored virus traffic to the endosome and the extent of VP2-Nt cleavage/VP1-Nt exposure. This study illustrates (i) structural constraints to retarget parvoviruses with evolutionary adopted narrow grooves allocating small SIA receptors, (ii) the possibility to enhance parvovirus oncolysis by relaxing the glycan network on the cancer cell surface, and (iii) the major role played by the attachment to cell type-specific SIAs in the intracellular virus traffic to the endosome, which may determine parvovirus tropism and host range.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tania Calvo-López
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain,Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther Grueso
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain,Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Sánchez-Martínez
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain,Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - José M. Almendral
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain,Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain,*Correspondence: José M. Almendral ✉
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Hunter C, Gao Z, Chen HM, Thompson N, Wakarchuk W, Nitz M, Withers SG, Willis LM. Attenuation of Polysialic Acid Biosynthesis in Cells by the Small Molecule Inhibitor 8-Keto-sialic acid. ACS Chem Biol 2023; 18:41-48. [PMID: 36577399 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.2c00638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Sialic acids are key mediators of cell function, particularly with regard to cellular interactions with the surrounding environment. Reagents that modulate the display of specific sialyl glycoforms at the cell surface would be useful biochemical tools and potentially allow for therapeutic intervention in numerous challenging chronic diseases. While multiple strategies are being explored for the control of cell surface sialosides, none that shows high selectivity between sialyltransferases or that targets a specific sialyl glycoform has yet to emerge. Here, we describe a strategy to block the formation of α2,8-linked sialic acid chains (oligo- and polysialic acid) through the use of 8-keto-sialic acid as a chain-terminating metabolic inhibitor that, if incorporated, cannot be elongated. 8-Keto-sialic acid is nontoxic at effective concentrations and serves to block polysialic acid synthesis in cancer cell lines and primary immune cells, with minimal effects on other sialyl glycoforms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carmanah Hunter
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - Zhizeng Gao
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Hong-Ming Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Nicole Thompson
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - Warren Wakarchuk
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - Mark Nitz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Stephen G Withers
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Lisa M Willis
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2R3, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Nasrolahi A, Azizidoost S, Radoszkiewicz K, Najafi S, Ghaedrahmati F, Anbiyaee O, Khoshnam SE, Farzaneh M, Uddin S. Signaling pathways governing glioma cancer stem cells behavior. Cell Signal 2023; 101:110493. [PMID: 36228964 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2022.110493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Glioma is the most common malignant brain tumor that develops in the glial tissue. Several studies have identified that glioma cancer stem cells (GCSCs) play important roles in tumor-initiating features in malignant gliomas. GCSCs are a small population in the brain that presents an essential role in the metastasis of glioma cells to other organs. These cells can self-renew and differentiate, which are thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of glioma. Therefore, targeting GCSCs might be a novel strategy for the treatment of glioma. Accumulating evidence revealed that several signaling pathways, including Notch, TGF-β, Wnt, STAT3, AKT, and EGFR mediated GCSC growth, proliferation, migration, and invasion. Besides, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including miRNAs, circular RNAs, and long ncRNAs have been found to play pivotal roles in the regulation of GCSC pathogenesis and drug resistance. Therefore, targeting these pathways could open a new avenue for glioma management. In this review, we summarized critical signaling pathways involved in the stimulation or prevention of GCSCs tumorigenesis and invasiveness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ava Nasrolahi
- Infectious Ophthalmologic Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Shirin Azizidoost
- Atherosclerosis Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Klaudia Radoszkiewicz
- Translational Platform for Regenerative Medicine, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poland
| | - Sajad Najafi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farhoodeh Ghaedrahmati
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Omid Anbiyaee
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Nemazi Hospital, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Seyed Esmaeil Khoshnam
- Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Maryam Farzaneh
- Fertility, Infertility and Perinatology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Shahab Uddin
- Translational Research Institute and Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Yang J, Han L, Sha Y, Jin Y, Li Z, Gong B, Li J, Liu Y, Wang Y, Zhao Q. A novel ganglioside-related risk signature can reveal the distinct immune landscape of neuroblastoma and predict the immunotherapeutic response. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1061814. [PMID: 36605200 PMCID: PMC9807785 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1061814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Gangliosides play an essential role in cancer development and progression. However, the involvement of gangliosides in the prognosis and tumor microenvironment (TME) of neuroblastoma is not entirely understood. Methods Consensus clustering analysis was performed to identify ganglioside-mediated molecular subtypes. LASSO-Cox analysis was conducted to identify independent prognostic genes, and a novel risk signature was constructed. The risk signature was validated internally and externally. We further explored the independent prognosis value, immune landscape, drug susceptibility, and tumor dedifferentiation of the risk signature. The role of the signature gene B3GALT4 in neuroblastoma was explored in vitro. Results Seventeen ganglioside-related genes were differentially expressed between INSS stage 4 and other stages, and two ganglioside-related clusters with distinct prognoses were identified. A novel risk signature integrating ten ganglioside-related prognostic genes was established. Across the train set and external validation sets, the risk signature presented high predictive accuracy and discrimination. The risk signature was an independent prognostic factor and constructed a nomogram combining multiple clinical characteristics. In the high-score group, the deficiency in antigen processing and presenting machinery, lack of immune cell infiltration, and escaping NK cells contributed substantially to immune escape. The low-score group was more responsive to immune checkpoint blockade therapy, while the high-score group showed substantial sensitivity to multiple chemotherapeutic drugs. Besides, the risk score was significantly positively correlated with the stemness index and reduced considerably in all-trans retinoic acid-treated neuroblastoma cell lines, indicating high dedifferentiation in the high-score group. Additionally, neuroblastoma cells with downregulation of B3GALT4 present with increased proliferation, invasion, and metastasis abilities in vitro. Conclusion The novel ganglioside-related risk signature highlights the role of ganglioside in neuroblastoma prognosis and immune landscape and helps optimize chemotherapy and immunotherapy for neuroblastoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxing Yang
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Lei Han
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Department of Cancer Molecular Diagnostics Core, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yongliang Sha
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Yan Jin
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhongyuan Li
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Baocheng Gong
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Yun Liu
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Yangyang Wang
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiang Zhao
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Abdul Rashid K, Ibrahim K, Wong JHD, Mohd Ramli N. Lipid Alterations in Glioma: A Systematic Review. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12121280. [PMID: 36557318 PMCID: PMC9783089 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12121280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are highly lethal tumours characterised by heterogeneous molecular features, producing various metabolic phenotypes leading to therapeutic resistance. Lipid metabolism reprogramming is predominant and has contributed to the metabolic plasticity in glioma. This systematic review aims to discover lipids alteration and their biological roles in glioma and the identification of potential lipids biomarker. This systematic review was conducted using the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Extensive research articles search for the last 10 years, from 2011 to 2021, were conducted using four electronic databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL and ScienceDirect. A total of 158 research articles were included in this study. All studies reported significant lipid alteration between glioma and control groups, impacting glioma cell growth, proliferation, drug resistance, patients' survival and metastasis. Different lipids demonstrated different biological roles, either beneficial or detrimental effects on glioma. Notably, prostaglandin (PGE2), triacylglycerol (TG), phosphatidylcholine (PC), and sphingosine-1-phosphate play significant roles in glioma development. Conversely, the most prominent anti-carcinogenic lipids include docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and vitamin D3 have been reported to have detrimental effects on glioma cells. Furthermore, high lipid signals were detected at 0.9 and 1.3 ppm in high-grade glioma relative to low-grade glioma. This evidence shows that lipid metabolisms were significantly dysregulated in glioma. Concurrent with this knowledge, the discovery of specific lipid classes altered in glioma will accelerate the development of potential lipid biomarkers and enhance future glioma therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khairunnisa Abdul Rashid
- Department of Biomedical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Kamariah Ibrahim
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Jeannie Hsiu Ding Wong
- Department of Biomedical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Norlisah Mohd Ramli
- Department of Biomedical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +60-379673238
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Metabolism in Cancer Stem Cells: Targets for Clinical Treatment. Cells 2022; 11:cells11233790. [PMID: 36497050 PMCID: PMC9736883 DOI: 10.3390/cells11233790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have high tumorigenicity, high metastasis and high resistance to treatment. They are the key factors for the growth, metastasis and drug resistance of malignant tumors, and are also the important reason for the occurrence and recurrence of tumors. Metabolic reprogramming refers to the metabolic changes that occur when tumor cells provide sufficient energy and nutrients for themselves. Metabolic reprogramming plays an important role in regulating the growth and activity of cancer cells and cancer stem cells. In addition, the immune cells or stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) will change due to the metabolic reprogramming of cancer cells. Summarizing the characteristics and molecular mechanisms of metabolic reprogramming of cancer stem cells will provide new ideas for the comprehensive treatment of malignant tumors. In this review, we summarized the changes of the main metabolic pathways in cancer cells and cancer stem cells.
Collapse
|
23
|
Lee H, Kim D, Youn B. Targeting Oncogenic Rewiring of Lipid Metabolism for Glioblastoma Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213818. [PMID: 36430293 PMCID: PMC9698497 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most malignant primary brain tumor. Despite increasing research on GBM treatment, the overall survival rate has not significantly improved over the last two decades. Although recent studies have focused on aberrant metabolism in GBM, there have been few advances in clinical application. Thus, it is important to understand the systemic metabolism to eradicate GBM. Together with the Warburg effect, lipid metabolism has emerged as necessary for GBM progression. GBM cells utilize lipid metabolism to acquire energy, membrane components, and signaling molecules for proliferation, survival, and response to the tumor microenvironment. In this review, we discuss fundamental cholesterol, fatty acid, and sphingolipid metabolism in the brain and the distinct metabolic alterations in GBM. In addition, we summarize various studies on the regulation of factors involved in lipid metabolism in GBM therapy. Focusing on the rewiring of lipid metabolism will be an alternative and effective therapeutic strategy for GBM treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haksoo Lee
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Dahye Kim
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - BuHyun Youn
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
- Department of Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-51-510-2264
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
O’Neill KC, Liapis E, Harris BT, Perlin DS, Carter CL. Mass spectrometry imaging discriminates glioblastoma tumor cell subpopulations and different microvascular formations based on their lipid profiles. Sci Rep 2022; 12:17069. [PMID: 36224354 PMCID: PMC9556690 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-22093-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is a prevalent malignant brain tumor and despite clinical intervention, tumor recurrence is frequent and usually fatal. Genomic investigations have provided a greater understanding of molecular heterogeneity in glioblastoma, yet there are still no curative treatments, and the prognosis has remained unchanged. The aggressive nature of glioblastoma is attributed to the heterogeneity in tumor cell subpopulations and aberrant microvascular proliferation. Ganglioside-directed immunotherapy and membrane lipid therapy have shown efficacy in the treatment of glioblastoma. To truly harness these novel therapeutics and develop a regimen that improves clinical outcome, a greater understanding of the altered lipidomic profiles within the glioblastoma tumor microenvironment is urgently needed. In this work, high resolution mass spectrometry imaging was utilized to investigate lipid heterogeneity in human glioblastoma samples. Data presented offers the first insight into the histology-specific accumulation of lipids involved in cell metabolism and signaling. Cardiolipins, phosphatidylinositol, ceramide-1-phosphate, and gangliosides, including the glioblastoma stem cell marker, GD3, were shown to differentially accumulate in tumor and endothelial cell subpopulations. Conversely, a reduction in sphingomyelins and sulfatides were detected in tumor cell regions. Cellular accumulation for each lipid class was dependent upon their fatty acid residue composition, highlighting the importance of understanding lipid structure-function relationships. Discriminating ions were identified and correlated to histopathology and Ki67 proliferation index. These results identified multiple lipids within the glioblastoma microenvironment that warrant further investigation for the development of predictive biomarkers and lipid-based therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kelly C. O’Neill
- grid.429392.70000 0004 6010 5947Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, 111 Ideation Way, Nutley, NJ 07110 USA
| | - Evangelos Liapis
- grid.429392.70000 0004 6010 5947Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, 111 Ideation Way, Nutley, NJ 07110 USA
| | - Brent T. Harris
- grid.411667.30000 0001 2186 0438Departments of Neurology and Pathology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, D.C. 20007 USA
| | - David S. Perlin
- grid.429392.70000 0004 6010 5947Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, 111 Ideation Way, Nutley, NJ 07110 USA ,grid.429392.70000 0004 6010 5947Department of Medical Sciences, Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine, Nutley, NJ 07110 USA
| | - Claire L. Carter
- grid.429392.70000 0004 6010 5947Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, 111 Ideation Way, Nutley, NJ 07110 USA ,grid.429392.70000 0004 6010 5947Department of Pathology, Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine, Nutley, NJ 07110 USA
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Targeting the Sphingolipid Rheostat in Gliomas. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169255. [PMID: 36012521 PMCID: PMC9408832 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are highly aggressive cancer types that are in urgent need of novel drugs and targeted therapies. Treatment protocols have not improved in over a decade, and glioma patient survival remains among the worst of all cancer types. As a result, cancer metabolism research has served as an innovative approach to identifying novel glioma targets and improving our understanding of brain tumors. Recent research has uncovered a unique metabolic vulnerability in the sphingolipid pathways of gliomas that possess the IDH1 mutation. Sphingolipids are a family of lipid signaling molecules that play a variety of second messenger functions in cellular regulation. The two primary metabolites, sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and ceramide, maintain a rheostat balance and play opposing roles in cell survival and proliferation. Altering the rheostat such that the pro-apoptotic signaling of the ceramides outweighs the pro-survival S1P signaling in glioma cells diminishes the hallmarks of cancer and enhances tumor cell death. Throughout this review, we discuss the sphingolipid pathway and identify the enzymes that can be most effectively targeted to alter the sphingolipid rheostat and enhance apoptosis in gliomas. We discuss each pathway’s steps based on their site of occurrence in the organelles and postulate novel targets that can effectively exploit this vulnerability.
Collapse
|
26
|
Hu X, Yang Y, Wang Y, Ren S, Li X. Identifying an Immune-Related Gene ST8SIA1 as a Novel Target in Patients With Clear-Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:901518. [PMID: 35873547 PMCID: PMC9300832 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.901518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is one of the most common urological cancers. The tumor microenvironment plays an important role in tumor development. The present study was conducted to identify novel immune-related biomarkers. The differentially expressed genes were identified using the ESTIMATE algorithm base on GEO and TCGA databases. The Kaplan–Meier survival curve and univariate and multivariate analyses were performed. The association between ST8SIA1 and the immune system was explored. The gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and online databases were used for functional annotation. ST8SIA1 was identified as a potential prognostic gene. Elevated ST8SIA1 was observed in the tumor tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues and associated with higher T stage and advanced TNM stage (all p < 0.05). The mRNA and protein levels of ST8SIA1 in cancer tissues and cells are also upregulated. The Kaplan–Meier survival curve and univariate and multivariate analyses showed that higher expression of ST8SIA1 was associated with worse OS (all p < 0.05). ST8SIA1 expression levels were negatively correlated with tumor purity and positively associated with infiltrated immune cells and expression of immune checkpoint genes. Function analysis also revealed that ST8SIA1 was significantly associated with immune-related pathways. In conclusion, ST8SIA1 was identified as an immune-related gene and a potential target in ccRCC patients. Further relevant studies are required to validate our findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Hu
- Institute of Urology, Department of Urology, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanfei Yang
- The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Yaohui Wang
- Institute of Urology, Department of Urology, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shangqing Ren
- Institute of Urology, Department of Urology, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Robot Minimally Invasive Center, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Shangqing Ren, ; Xiang Li,
| | - Xiang Li
- Institute of Urology, Department of Urology, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Shangqing Ren, ; Xiang Li,
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Glycan-Lectin Interactions as Novel Immunosuppression Drivers in Glioblastoma. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23116312. [PMID: 35682991 PMCID: PMC9181495 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite diagnostic and therapeutic improvements, glioblastoma (GB) remains one of the most threatening brain tumor in adults, underlining the urgent need of new therapeutic targets. Lectins are glycan-binding proteins that regulate several biological processes through the recognition of specific sugar motifs. Lectins and their ligands are found on immune cells, endothelial cells and, also, tumor cells, pointing out a strong correlation among immunity, tumor microenvironment and vascularization. In GB, altered glycans and lectins contribute to tumor progression and immune evasion, shaping the tumor-immune landscape promoting immunosuppressive cell subsets, such as myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and M2-macrophages, and affecting immunoeffector populations, such as CD8+ T cells and dendritic cells (DCs). Here, we discuss the latest knowledge on the immune cells, immune related lectin receptors (C-type lectins, Siglecs, galectins) and changes in glycosylation that are involved in immunosuppressive mechanisms in GB, highlighting their interest as possible novel therapeutical targets.
Collapse
|
28
|
Della Pepa GM, Menna G. In Reply to the Letter to the Editor Regarding "5-Aminolevulinic Acid False Positives in Cerebral Neuro-Oncology: Not All That Is Fluorescent Is Tumor. A Case-Based Update and Literature Review". World Neurosurg 2022; 161:218-219. [PMID: 35505534 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2022.02.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Grazia Menna
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Saad AA. Targeting cancer-associated glycans as a therapeutic strategy in leukemia. ALL LIFE 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/26895293.2022.2049901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ashraf Abdullah Saad
- Unit of Pediatric Hematologic Oncology and BMT, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Kasprowicz A, Sophie GD, Lagadec C, Delannoy P. Role of GD3 Synthase ST8Sia I in Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14051299. [PMID: 35267607 PMCID: PMC8909605 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14051299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The carbohydrate moiety of cell surface glycolipids is modified in cancers of neuro–ectoderm origin, leading to the expression of more complex structures with two or more sialic acid residues. These alterations result from the upregulation of the ST8SIA1 gene that encodes GD3 synthase, the enzyme controlling the biosynthesis of complex gangliosides, and are usually associated with a more aggressive phenotype and a poor outcome for patients, making GD3 synthase an interesting target for cancer therapy. This review reports our general knowledge of GD3 synthase gene expression and regulation, its role in both epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cancer progression, and the different approaches targeting GD3S expression in cancers. Abstract GD3 synthase controls the biosynthesis of complex gangliosides, bearing two or more sialic acid residues. Disialylated gangliosides GD3 and GD2 are tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens (TACA) in neuro–ectoderm-derived cancers, and are directly involved in cell malignant properties, i.e., migration, invasion, stemness, and epithelial–mesenchymal transition. Since GD3 and GD2 levels are directly linked to GD3 synthase expression and activity, targeting GD3 synthase appears to be a promising strategy through which to interfere with ganglioside-associated malignant properties. We review here the current knowledge on GD3 synthase expression and regulation in cancers, and the consequences of complex ganglioside expression on cancer cell signaling and properties, highlighting the relationships between GD3 synthase expression and epithelial–mesenchymal transition and stemness. Different strategies were used to modulate GD3 synthase expression in cancer cells in vitro and in animal models, such as inhibitors or siRNA/lncRNA, which efficiently reduced cancer cell malignant properties and the proportion of GD2 positive cancer stem cells, which are associated with high metastatic properties, resistance to therapy, and cancer relapse. These data show the relevance of targeting GD3 synthase in association with conventional therapies, to decrease the number of cancer stem cells in tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angelina Kasprowicz
- University of Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576-UGSF-Unité de Glycosylation Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F-59000 Lille, France;
| | - Groux-Degroote Sophie
- University of Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576-UGSF-Unité de Glycosylation Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F-59000 Lille, France;
- Correspondence: (G.-D.S.); (P.D.)
| | - Chann Lagadec
- University of Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille UMR9020-U1277-CANTHER Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, F-59000 Lille, France;
| | - Philippe Delannoy
- University of Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576-UGSF-Unité de Glycosylation Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F-59000 Lille, France;
- Correspondence: (G.-D.S.); (P.D.)
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Tondepu C, Karumbaiah L. Glycomaterials to Investigate the Functional Role of Aberrant Glycosylation in Glioblastoma. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2101956. [PMID: 34878733 PMCID: PMC9048137 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202101956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a stage IV astrocytoma that carries a dismal survival rate of ≈10 months postdiagnosis and treatment. The highly invasive capacity of GBM and its ability to escape therapeutic challenges are key factors contributing to the poor overall survival rate. While current treatments aim to target the cancer cell itself, they fail to consider the significant role that the GBM tumor microenvironment (TME) plays in promoting tumor progression and therapeutic resistance. The GBM tumor glycocalyx and glycan-rich extracellular matrix (ECM), which are important constituents of the TME have received little attention as therapeutic targets. A wide array of aberrantly modified glycans in the GBM TME mediate tumor growth, invasion, therapeutic resistance, and immunosuppression. Here, an overview of the landscape of aberrant glycan modifications in GBM is provided, and the design and utility of 3D glycomaterials are discussed as a tool to evaluate glycan-mediated GBM progression and therapeutic efficacy. The development of alternative strategies to target glycans in the TME can potentially unveil broader mechanisms of restricting tumor growth and enhancing the efficacy of tumor-targeting therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C. Tondepu
- Regenerative Bioscience Science Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - L. Karumbaiah
- Regenerative Bioscience Science Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA,Division of Neuroscience, Biomedical & Translational Sciences Institute, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA,Edgar L. Rhodes center for ADS, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Berois N, Pittini A, Osinaga E. Targeting Tumor Glycans for Cancer Therapy: Successes, Limitations, and Perspectives. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14030645. [PMID: 35158915 PMCID: PMC8833780 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Aberrant glycosylation is a common feature of many cancers, and it plays crucial roles in tumor development and biology. Cancer progression can be regulated by several physiopathological processes controlled by glycosylation, such as cell–cell adhesion, cell–matrix interaction, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, tumor proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. Different mechanisms of aberrant glycosylation lead to the formation of tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens (TACAs), which are suitable for selective cancer targeting, as well as novel antitumor immunotherapy approaches. This review summarizes the strategies developed in cancer immunotherapy targeting TACAs, analyzing molecular and cellular mechanisms and state-of-the-art methods in clinical oncology. Abstract Aberrant glycosylation is a hallmark of cancer and can lead to changes that influence tumor behavior. Glycans can serve as a source of novel clinical biomarker developments, providing a set of specific targets for therapeutic intervention. Different mechanisms of aberrant glycosylation lead to the formation of tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens (TACAs) suitable for selective cancer-targeting therapy. The best characterized TACAs are truncated O-glycans (Tn, TF, and sialyl-Tn antigens), gangliosides (GD2, GD3, GM2, GM3, fucosyl-GM1), globo-serie glycans (Globo-H, SSEA-3, SSEA-4), Lewis antigens, and polysialic acid. In this review, we analyze strategies for cancer immunotherapy targeting TACAs, including different antibody developments, the production of vaccines, and the generation of CAR-T cells. Some approaches have been approved for clinical use, such as anti-GD2 antibodies. Moreover, in terms of the antitumor mechanisms against different TACAs, we show results of selected clinical trials, considering the horizons that have opened up as a result of recent developments in technologies used for cancer control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nora Berois
- Laboratorio de Glicobiología e Inmunología Tumoral, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay;
- Correspondence: (N.B.); (E.O.)
| | - Alvaro Pittini
- Laboratorio de Glicobiología e Inmunología Tumoral, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay;
- Departamento de Inmunobiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
| | - Eduardo Osinaga
- Laboratorio de Glicobiología e Inmunología Tumoral, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay;
- Departamento de Inmunobiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
- Correspondence: (N.B.); (E.O.)
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Gangliosides as Biomarkers of Human Brain Diseases: Trends in Discovery and Characterization by High-Performance Mass Spectrometry. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020693. [PMID: 35054879 PMCID: PMC8775466 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Gangliosides are effective biochemical markers of brain pathologies, being also in the focus of research as potential therapeutic targets. Accurate brain ganglioside mapping is an essential requirement for correlating the specificity of their composition with a certain pathological state and establishing a well-defined set of biomarkers. Among all bioanalytical methods conceived for this purpose, mass spectrometry (MS) has developed into one of the most valuable, due to the wealth and consistency of structural information provided. In this context, the present article reviews the achievements of MS in discovery and structural analysis of gangliosides associated with severe brain pathologies. The first part is dedicated to the contributions of MS in the assessment of ganglioside composition and role in the specific neurodegenerative disorders: Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases. A large subsequent section is devoted to cephalic disorders (CD), with an emphasis on the MS of gangliosides in anencephaly, the most common and severe disease in the CD spectrum. The last part is focused on the major accomplishments of MS-based methods in the discovery of ganglioside species, which are associated with primary and secondary brain tumors and may either facilitate an early diagnosis or represent target molecules for immunotherapy oriented against brain cancers.
Collapse
|
34
|
Hugonnet M, Singh P, Haas Q, von Gunten S. The Distinct Roles of Sialyltransferases in Cancer Biology and Onco-Immunology. Front Immunol 2021; 12:799861. [PMID: 34975914 PMCID: PMC8718907 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.799861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant glycosylation is a key feature of malignant transformation. Hypersialylation, the enhanced expression of sialic acid-terminated glycoconjugates on the cell surface, has been linked to immune evasion and metastatic spread, eventually by interaction with sialoglycan-binding lectins, including Siglecs and selectins. The biosynthesis of tumor-associated sialoglycans involves sialyltransferases, which are differentially expressed in cancer cells. In this review article, we provide an overview of the twenty human sialyltransferases and their roles in cancer biology and immunity. A better understanding of the individual contribution of select sialyltransferases to the tumor sialome may lead to more personalized strategies for the treatment of cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marjolaine Hugonnet
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Bern Center for Precision Medicine (BCPM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Pushpita Singh
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Quentin Haas
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Stephan von Gunten
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Bern Center for Precision Medicine (BCPM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Mansoori M, Abdi Rad I, Mirzaei A, Tam KJ, Mohsen Hosseini S, Mahmodlu R, Mansouri F, Saeednejad Zanjani L, Madjd Z. Does GD2 synthase (GD2S) detect cancer stem cells in blood samples of breast carcinomas? J Appl Biomed 2021; 19:181-189. [PMID: 34907737 DOI: 10.32725/jab.2021.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a theorized subset of cells within the tumor that is thought to drive disease recurrence and metastatic spread. The aim of this study is to investigate mRNA and protein levels of ganglioside GD2 synthase (GD2S), in breast cancer (BC) patients. METHODS 65 PBMCs of preoperative BC patients without chemotherapy were compared to PBMCs after chemotherapy and controls. RESULTS GD2S were significantly higher in BC patients after chemotherapy compared to pre-chemotherapy at both mRNA and protein. GD2S was higher in pre-chemotherapy blood samples compared to control samples. CONCLUSIONS Higher expression of GD2S in BC samples compared to healthy control indicates the potential utility of GD2S as a marker of malignancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Mansoori
- Iran University of Medical Sciences, Oncopathology Research Center, Tehran, Iran.,Iran University of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Department of Molecular Medicine, Tehran, Iran
| | - Isa Abdi Rad
- Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Urmia, Iran
| | - Alireza Mirzaei
- Iran University of Medical Sciences, Shafa Orthopedic Hospital, Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kevin J Tam
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver Prostate Centre, Department of Urologic Sciences, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Seyed Mohsen Hosseini
- Omid specialty and subspecialty Hospital, Oncology and Radiotherapy Ward, Urmia, Iran
| | - Rahim Mahmodlu
- Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Department of Surgery, Urmia, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Mansouri
- Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Genetics and Immunology, Urmia, Iran
| | | | - Zahra Madjd
- Iran University of Medical Sciences, Oncopathology Research Center, Tehran, Iran.,Iran University of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Department of Molecular Medicine, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Glycation Interferes with the Expression of Sialyltransferases in Meningiomas. Cells 2021; 10:cells10123298. [PMID: 34943806 PMCID: PMC8699175 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Meningiomas are the most common non-malignant intracranial tumors and prefer, like most tumors, anaerobic glycolysis for energy production (Warburg effect). This anaerobic glycolysis leads to an increased synthesis of the metabolite methylglyoxal (MGO) or glyoxal (GO), which is known to react with amino groups of proteins. This reaction is called glycation, thereby building advanced glycation end products (AGEs). In this study, we investigated the influence of glycation on sialylation in two meningioma cell lines, representing the WHO grade I (BEN-MEN-1) and the WHO grade III (IOMM-Lee). In the benign meningioma cell line, glycation led to differences in expression of sialyltransferases (ST3GAL1/2/3/5/6, ST6GAL1/2, ST6GALNAC2/6, and ST8SIA1/2), which are known to play a role in tumor progression. We could show that glycation of BEN-MEN-1 cells led to decreased expression of ST3Gal5. This resulted in decreased synthesis of the ganglioside GM3, the product of ST3Gal5. In the malignant meningioma cell line, we observed changes in expression of sialyltransferases (ST3GAL1/2/3, ST6GALNAC5, and ST8SIA1) after glycation, which correlates with less aggressive behavior.
Collapse
|
37
|
Wang J, Toregrosa-Allen S, Elzey BD, Utturkar S, Lanman NA, Bernal-Crespo V, Behymer MM, Knipp GT, Yun Y, Veronesi MC, Sinn AL, Pollok KE, Brutkiewicz RR, Nevel KS, Matosevic S. Multispecific targeting of glioblastoma with tumor microenvironment-responsive multifunctional engineered NK cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2107507118. [PMID: 34740973 PMCID: PMC8609337 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2107507118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor antigen heterogeneity, a severely immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) and lymphopenia resulting in inadequate immune intratumoral trafficking, have rendered glioblastoma (GBM) highly resistant to therapy. To address these obstacles, here we describe a unique, sophisticated combinatorial platform for GBM: a cooperative multifunctional immunotherapy based on genetically engineered human natural killer (NK) cells bearing multiple antitumor functions including local tumor responsiveness that addresses key drivers of GBM resistance to therapy: antigen escape, immunometabolic reprogramming of immune responses, and poor immune cell homing. We engineered dual-specific chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) NK cells to bear a third functional moiety that is activated in the GBM TME and addresses immunometabolic suppression of NK cell function: a tumor-specific, locally released antibody fragment which can inhibit the activity of CD73 independently of CAR signaling and decrease the local concentration of adenosine. The multifunctional human NK cells targeted patient-derived GBM xenografts, demonstrated local tumor site-specific activity in the tissue, and potently suppressed adenosine production. We also unveil a complex reorganization of the immunological profile of GBM induced by inhibiting autophagy. Pharmacologic impairment of the autophagic process not only sensitized GBM to antigenic targeting by NK cells but promoted a chemotactic profile favorable to NK infiltration. Taken together, our study demonstrates a promising NK cell-based combinatorial strategy that can target multiple clinically recognized mechanisms of GBM progression simultaneously.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Wang
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | | | - Bennett D Elzey
- Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Sagar Utturkar
- Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Nadia Atallah Lanman
- Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Victor Bernal-Crespo
- Histology Research Laboratory, Center for Comparative Translational Research, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Matthew M Behymer
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Gregory T Knipp
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Yeonhee Yun
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202
| | - Michael C Veronesi
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202
| | - Anthony L Sinn
- In Vivo Therapeutics Core, Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202
| | - Karen E Pollok
- In Vivo Therapeutics Core, Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202
| | - Randy R Brutkiewicz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202
| | - Kathryn S Nevel
- Department of Neurology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202
| | - Sandro Matosevic
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907;
- Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Zhang P, Ohkawa Y, Yamamoto S, Momota H, Kato A, Kaneko K, Natsume A, Farhana Y, Ohmi Y, Okajima T, Bhuiyan RH, Wakabayashi T, Furukawa K, Furukawa K. St8sia1-deficiency in mice alters tumor environments of gliomas, leading to reduced disease severity. NAGOYA JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE 2021; 83:535-549. [PMID: 34552288 PMCID: PMC8438004 DOI: 10.18999/nagjms.83.3.535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Ganglioside GD3/GD2 are over-expressed in various neuroectoderm-derived tumors. Previous studies indicated that GD3 is involved in the enhancement of cancer properties such as rapid growth and increased invasiveness. However, little is known about the functions of GD3/GD2 in glioma cells and glioma microenvironments. To clarify the functions of GD3/GD2 in gliomas, we used a mouse glioma model based on the RCAS/Gtv-a system. At first, we compared the gliomas size between wild-type (WT) and GD3 synthase (GD3S) knockout (KO) mice, showing a less malignant histology and slower tumor growth in GD3S-KO mice than in WT mice. Immunohistochemistry of glioma sections from WT and GD3S-KO mice revealed that reactive microglia/macrophages showed different localization patterns between the two genetic types of mice. CD68+ cells were more frequently stained inside glioma tissues of GD3S-KO mice, while they were stained mainly around glioma tissues in WT mice. The number of CD68+ cells markedly increased in tumor tissues of GD3S-KO mice at 2 weeks after injection of transfectant DF-1 cells. Furthermore, CD68+ cells in GD3S(-/-) glioma tissues expressed higher levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase. We observed higher expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokine genes in primary-cultured glioma cells of WT mice than in GD3S-KO mice. DNA microarray data also revealed differential expression levels of various cytokines and chemokines in glioma tissues between WT and GD3S-KO mice. These results suggest that expression of GD3S allows glioma cells to promote polarization of microglia/macrophages towards M2-like phenotypes by modulating the expression levels of chemokines and cytokines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pu Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Japan.,Department of Biochemistry II, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuki Ohkawa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Japan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Glyco-Oncology and Medical Biochemistry, Osaka International Cancer Institute
| | - Satoko Yamamoto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Momota
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Akira Kato
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kei Kaneko
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Atsushi Natsume
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yesmin Farhana
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Japan.,Department of Biochemistry II, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuhsuke Ohmi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Okajima
- Department of Biochemistry II, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Robiul H Bhuiyan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Wakabayashi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Keiko Furukawa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Koichi Furukawa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Japan.,Department of Biochemistry II, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Yu S, Wang S, Sun X, Wu Y, Zhao J, Liu J, Yang D, Jiang Y. ST8SIA1 inhibits the proliferation, migration and invasion of bladder cancer cells by blocking the JAK/STAT signaling pathway. Oncol Lett 2021; 22:736. [PMID: 34429775 PMCID: PMC8371960 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BLCA) is the most common malignant tumor of the urinary system, with distant metastasis of the tumor being the main cause of death. The identification of an effective biomarker may provide a novel direction for BLCA diagnosis and treatment. The aim of the present study was to screen the BLCA-related genes involved in sialyl transferase (ST) dysregulation and to investigate the functional mechanisms of α-2,8-ST1 (ST8SIA1) in BLCA cells. Data from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis databases suggested that the mRNA expression levels of ST8SIA1 were decreased in BLCA tissues compared with normal tissues, which was also demonstrated using immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis. The expression levels of ST8SIA1 were negatively associated with the pathological grade and invasiveness of BLCA. Western blot analysis revealed that the expression levels of ST8SIA1 were lower in BLCA cell lines than in a normal urothelial cell line. CCK-8, flow cytometry, wound healing, colony formation and Transwell assays indicated that ST8SIA1 overexpression attenuated the proliferation, migration and invasion of T24 and 5637 BLCA cells. Further experiments revealed that ST8SIA1 could inhibit the phosphorylation of Janus kinase (JAK)2 and STAT3, as well as decrease the expression levels of JAK/STAT pathway-targeting signal molecules, including MMP2, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, cyclin D1 and Bcl2 in two BLCA cell lines. In conclusion, to the best of our knowledge, the present study was the first to indicate that the antitumor effect of ST8SIA1 in BLCA cells was mediated by the JAK/STAT signaling pathway, and the results provided a novel target for the diagnosis and treatment of BLCA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shengjin Yu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Medical College of Eastern Liaoning University, Dandong, Liaoning 118000, P.R. China
| | - Shidan Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Glycobiology, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoxin Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Glycobiology, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China.,College of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China
| | - Yinshuang Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Glycobiology, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China
| | - Jun Zhao
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | - Junqiang Liu
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | - Deyong Yang
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | - Yu Jiang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Medical College of Eastern Liaoning University, Dandong, Liaoning 118000, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Fabris D, Karmelić I, Muharemović H, Sajko T, Jurilj M, Potočki S, Novak R, Vukelić Ž. Ganglioside Composition Distinguishes Anaplastic Ganglioglioma Tumor Tissue from Peritumoral Brain Tissue: Complementary Mass Spectrometry and Thin-Layer Chromatography Evidence. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168844. [PMID: 34445547 PMCID: PMC8396361 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Gangliosides serve as antitumor therapy targets and aberrations in their composition strongly correlate with tumor growth and invasiveness. Anaplastic ganglioglioma is a rare, poorly characterized, malignant neuronal–glial tumor type. We present the first comparative characterization of ganglioside composition in anaplastic ganglioglioma vs. peritumoral and healthy brain tissues by combining mass spectrometry and thin-layer chromatography. Anaplastic ganglioglioma ganglioside composition was highly distinguishable from both peritumoral and healthy tissue despite having five to six times lower total content. Ten out of twelve MS-identified ganglioside classes, defined by unique glycan residues, were represented by a large number and considerable abundance of individual species with different fatty acid residues (C16–C24) in ceramide portions. The major structurally identified class was tumor-associated GD3 (>50%) with 11 species; GD3 (d18:1/24:0) being the most abundant. The dominant sphingoid base residue in ganglioside ceramides was sphingosine (d18:1), followed by eicosasphingosine (d20:1). The peritumoral tissue ganglioside composition was estimated as normal. Specific ganglioside composition and large variability of ganglioside ceramide structures determined in anaplastic ganglioglioma demonstrate realistic ganglioside expression patterns and correspond to the profile of high-grade malignancy brain tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dragana Fabris
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Šalata 3, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (I.K.); (S.P.)
- Correspondence: (D.F.); (Ž.V.)
| | - Ivana Karmelić
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Šalata 3, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (I.K.); (S.P.)
| | - Hasan Muharemović
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Tomislav Sajko
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Center “Sestre Milosrdnice”, Vinogradska cesta 29, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (T.S.); (M.J.)
| | - Mia Jurilj
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Center “Sestre Milosrdnice”, Vinogradska cesta 29, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (T.S.); (M.J.)
| | - Slavica Potočki
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Šalata 3, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (I.K.); (S.P.)
| | - Ruđer Novak
- Department for Protemics, Center for Translational and Clinical Research, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Šalata 11, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Željka Vukelić
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Šalata 3, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (I.K.); (S.P.)
- Correspondence: (D.F.); (Ž.V.)
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Harvey DJ. ANALYSIS OF CARBOHYDRATES AND GLYCOCONJUGATES BY MATRIX-ASSISTED LASER DESORPTION/IONIZATION MASS SPECTROMETRY: AN UPDATE FOR 2015-2016. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2021; 40:408-565. [PMID: 33725404 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This review is the ninth update of the original article published in 1999 on the application of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry to the analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates and brings coverage of the literature to the end of 2016. Also included are papers that describe methods appropriate to analysis by MALDI, such as sample preparation techniques, even though the ionization method is not MALDI. Topics covered in the first part of the review include general aspects such as theory of the MALDI process, matrices, derivatization, MALDI imaging, fragmentation and arrays. The second part of the review is devoted to applications to various structural types such as oligo- and poly-saccharides, glycoproteins, glycolipids, glycosides and biopharmaceuticals. Much of this material is presented in tabular form. The third part of the review covers medical and industrial applications of the technique, studies of enzyme reactions and applications to chemical synthesis. The reported work shows increasing use of combined new techniques such as ion mobility and the enormous impact that MALDI imaging is having. MALDI, although invented over 30 years ago is still an ideal technique for carbohydrate analysis and advancements in the technique and range of applications show no sign of deminishing. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David J Harvey
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Target Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Brettschneider EES, Terabe M. The Role of NKT Cells in Glioblastoma. Cells 2021; 10:cells10071641. [PMID: 34208864 PMCID: PMC8307781 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is an aggressive and deadly cancer, but to date, immunotherapies have failed to make significant strides in improving prognoses for glioblastoma patients. One of the current challenges to developing immunological interventions for glioblastoma is our incomplete understanding of the numerous immunoregulatory mechanisms at play in the glioblastoma tumor microenvironment. We propose that Natural Killer T (NKT) cells, which are unconventional T lymphocytes that recognize lipid antigens presented by CD1d molecules, may play a key immunoregulatory role in glioblastoma. For example, evidence suggests that the activation of type I NKT cells can facilitate anti-glioblastoma immune responses. On the other hand, type II NKT cells are known to play an immunosuppressive role in other cancers, as well as to cross-regulate type I NKT cell activity, although their specific role in glioblastoma remains largely unclear. This review provides a summary of our current understanding of NKT cells in the immunoregulation of glioblastoma as well as highlights the involvement of NKT cells in other cancers and central nervous system diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily E. S. Brettschneider
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Masaki Terabe
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-240-760-6731
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Ohkawa Y, Zhang P, Momota H, Kato A, Hashimoto N, Ohmi Y, Bhuiyan RH, Farhana Y, Natsume A, Wakabayashi T, Furukawa K, Furukawa K. Lack of GD3 synthase (St8sia1) attenuates malignant properties of gliomas in genetically engineered mouse model. Cancer Sci 2021; 112:3756-3768. [PMID: 34145699 PMCID: PMC8409297 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
High expression of gangliosides GD3 and GD2 is observed in human gliomas. The functions of GD3 and GD2 in malignant properties have been reported in glioma cells in vitro, but those functions have not yet been investigated in vivo. In this study, we showed that deficiency of GD3 synthase (GD3S, St8sia1) attenuated glioma progression and clinical and pathological features in a platelet-derived growth factor B-driven murine glioma model. Lack of GD3S resulted in the prolonged lifespan of glioma-bearing mice and low-grade pathology in generated gliomas. Correspondingly, they showed reduced phosphorylation levels of Akt, Erks, and Src family kinases in glioma tissues. A DNA microarray study revealed marked alteration in the expression of various genes, particularly in MMP family genes, in GD3S-deficient gliomas. Re-expression of GD3S restored expression of MMP9 in primary-cultured glioma cells. We also identified a transcription factor, Ap2α, expressed in parallel with GD3S expression, and showed that Ap2α was critical for the induction of MMP9 by transfection of its cDNA and luciferase reporter genes, and a ChIP assay. These findings suggest that GD3S enhances the progression of gliomas by enhancement of the Ap2α-MMP9 axis. This is the first report to describe the tumor-enhancing functions of GD3S in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Ohkawa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Japan.,Department of Glyco-Oncology and Medical Biochemistry, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Pu Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Japan.,Department of Biochemistry II, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Momota
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Surgical Neuro-Oncology, The Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akira Kato
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Noboru Hashimoto
- Department of Biochemistry II, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuhsuke Ohmi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Robiul H Bhuiyan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Yesmin Farhana
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Japan.,Department of Biochemistry II, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Atsushi Natsume
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Wakabayashi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Keiko Furukawa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Koichi Furukawa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Japan.,Department of Biochemistry II, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Gangliosides as Signaling Regulators in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22105076. [PMID: 34064863 PMCID: PMC8150402 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22105076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
At the plasma membrane, gangliosides, a group of glycosphingolipids, are expressed along with glycosphingolipids, phospholipids, and cholesterol in so-called lipid rafts that interact with signaling receptors and related molecules. Most cancers present abnormalities in the intracellular signal transduction system involved in tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis. To date, the roles of gangliosides as regulators of signal transduction have been reported in several cancer types. Gangliosides can be expressed by the exogenous ganglioside addition, with their endogenous expression regulated at the enzymatic level by targeting specific glycosyltransferases. Accordingly, the relationship between changes in the composition of cell surface gangliosides and signal transduction has been investigated by controlling ganglioside expression. In cancer cells, several types of signaling molecules are positively or negatively regulated by ganglioside expression levels, promoting malignant properties. Moreover, antibodies against gangliosides have been shown to possess cytotoxic effects on ganglioside-expressing cancer cells. In the present review, we highlight the involvement of gangliosides in the regulation of cancer cell signaling, and we explore possible therapies targeting ganglioside-expressing cancer.
Collapse
|
45
|
Sarbu M, Petrica L, Clemmer DE, Vukelić Ž, Zamfir AD. Gangliosides of Human Glioblastoma Multiforme: A Comprehensive Mapping and Structural Analysis by Ion Mobility Tandem Mass Spectrometry. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2021; 32:1249-1257. [PMID: 33900081 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.1c00088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), a malignant, highly aggressive, grade IV brain tumor, which rapidly infiltrates into the nearby tissue, has drawn a significant amount of attention because of its poor prognosis and the limited treatment options available. In GBM, nearly all tumor cells exhibit aberrant cell-surface glycosylation patterns due to the alteration of their biosynthesis or postsynthesis modification process. Since gangliosides (GGs) are acknowledged as tumor-associated antigens, we have carried out here a comprehensive profiling of native ganglioside mixtures extracted and purified from GBM specimens. For this purpose, high performance ion mobility separation mass spectrometry (IMS MS) was thoroughly optimized to allow the discovery of GBM-specific structures and the assessment of their roles as tumor markers or possible associated antigens. GG separation by IMS according to the charge state, carbohydrate chain length, degree of sialylation, and ceramide composition led to the identification of no less than 160 distinct components, which represents 3-fold the number of structures identified before. The detected GGs and asialo-GGs were found characterized by a high heterogeneity in their ceramide and glycan compositions, encompassing up five Neu5Ac residues. The tumor was found dominated in equal and high proportions by GD3 and GT1 forms, with a particular incidence of C24:1 fatty acids in the ceramide. By the occurrence of only one mobility feature and the diagnostic fragment ions, the IMS tandem MS conducted using collision-induced dissociation (CID) disclosed for the first time the presence of GT1c(d18:1/24:1) newly proposed here as a potential GBM marker.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mirela Sarbu
- Department of Condensed Matter, National Institute for Research and Development in Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter, 300224, Timisoara, Romania
- Faculty of Physics, West University of Timisoara, 300223, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ligia Petrica
- Department of Internal Medicine II - Division of Nephrology, County Emergency Hospital Timisoara and Centers for Molecular Research in Nephrology and Vascular Diseases, Translational Research and Systems and Cognitive Research in Neuropsychiatric Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041, Timisoara, Romania
| | - David E Clemmer
- Department of Chemistry, The College of Arts and Science, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405-7102, United States
| | - Željka Vukelić
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
| | - Alina D Zamfir
- Department of Condensed Matter, National Institute for Research and Development in Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter, 300224, Timisoara, Romania
- Department of Technical and Natural Sciences, "Aurel Vlaicu" University of Arad, 310130, Arad, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Chuntova P, Chow F, Watchmaker PB, Galvez M, Heimberger AB, Newell EW, Diaz A, DePinho RA, Li MO, Wherry EJ, Mitchell D, Terabe M, Wainwright DA, Berzofsky JA, Herold-Mende C, Heath JR, Lim M, Margolin KA, Chiocca EA, Kasahara N, Ellingson BM, Brown CE, Chen Y, Fecci PE, Reardon DA, Dunn GP, Liau LM, Costello JF, Wick W, Cloughesy T, Timmer WC, Wen PY, Prins RM, Platten M, Okada H. Unique challenges for glioblastoma immunotherapy-discussions across neuro-oncology and non-neuro-oncology experts in cancer immunology. Meeting Report from the 2019 SNO Immuno-Oncology Think Tank. Neuro Oncol 2021; 23:356-375. [PMID: 33367885 PMCID: PMC7992879 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noaa277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy has made remarkable advances with over 50 separate Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approvals as first- or second-line indications since 2015. These include immune checkpoint blocking antibodies, chimeric antigen receptor-transduced T cells, and bispecific T-cell-engaging antibodies. While multiple cancer types now benefit from these immunotherapies, notable exceptions thus far include brain tumors, such as glioblastoma. As such, it seems critical to gain a better understanding of unique mechanistic challenges underlying the resistance of malignant gliomas to immunotherapy, as well as to acquire insights into the development of future strategies. An Immuno-Oncology Think Tank Meeting was held during the 2019 Annual Society for Neuro-Oncology Scientific Conference. Discussants in the fields of neuro-oncology, neurosurgery, neuro-imaging, medical oncology, and cancer immunology participated in the meeting. Sessions focused on topics such as the tumor microenvironment, myeloid cells, T-cell dysfunction, cellular engineering, and translational aspects that are critical and unique challenges inherent with primary brain tumors. In this review, we summarize the discussions and the key messages from the meeting, which may potentially serve as a basis for advancing the field of immune neuro-oncology in a collaborative manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pavlina Chuntova
- Department of Neurological Surgery, UCSF, San Francisco, California
| | - Frances Chow
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | | | - Mildred Galvez
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Amy B Heimberger
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Evan W Newell
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Aaron Diaz
- Department of Neurological Surgery, UCSF, San Francisco, California
| | - Ronald A DePinho
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Ming O Li
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - E John Wherry
- Department of Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Duane Mitchell
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Masaki Terabe
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Derek A Wainwright
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jay A Berzofsky
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | | | - Michael Lim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Kim A Margolin
- Department of Medical Oncology & Therapeutics Research, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, California
| | - E Antonio Chiocca
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Benjamin M Ellingson
- Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Christine E Brown
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, California
| | - Yvonne Chen
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Peter E Fecci
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - David A Reardon
- Department of Medicine/Medical Oncology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Gavin P Dunn
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Linda M Liau
- Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | | | - Wolfgang Wick
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Timothy Cloughesy
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - William C Timmer
- Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Patrick Y Wen
- Center for Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Robert M Prins
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.,Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, California
| | - Michael Platten
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, MCTN, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany.,DKTK CCU Brain Tumor Immunology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hideho Okada
- Department of Neurological Surgery, UCSF, San Francisco, California.,Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, California
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Angelucci C, D’Alessio A, Sorrentino S, Biamonte F, Moscato U, Mangiola A, Sica G, Iacopino F. Immunohistochemical Analysis of DNA Repair- and Drug-Efflux-Associated Molecules in Tumor and Peritumor Areas of Glioblastoma. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041620. [PMID: 33562724 PMCID: PMC7914796 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM), the most commonly occurring primary tumor arising within the central nervous system, is characterized by high invasiveness and poor prognosis. In spite of the improvement in surgical techniques, along with the administration of chemo- and radiation therapy and the incessant investigation in search of prospective therapeutic targets, the local recurrence that frequently occurs within the peritumoral brain tissue makes GBM the most malignant and terminal type of astrocytoma. In the current study, we investigated both GBM and peritumoral tissues obtained from 55 hospitalized patients and the expression of three molecules involved in the onset of resistance/unresponsiveness to chemotherapy: O6-methylguanine methyltransferase (MGMT), breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP1), and A2B5. We propose that the expression of these molecules in the peritumoral tissue might be crucial to promoting the development of early tumorigenic events in the tissue surrounding GBM as well as responsible for the recurrence originating in this apparently normal area and, accordingly, for the resistance to treatment with the standard chemotherapeutic regimen. Notably, the inverse correlation found between MGMT expression in peritumoral tissue and patients’ survival suggests a prognostic role for this protein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristiana Angelucci
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Sanità Pubblica, Sezione di Istologia ed Embriologia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore-Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli”, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (C.A.); (S.S.); (G.S.); (F.I.)
| | - Alessio D’Alessio
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Sanità Pubblica, Sezione di Istologia ed Embriologia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore-Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli”, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (C.A.); (S.S.); (G.S.); (F.I.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Silvia Sorrentino
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Sanità Pubblica, Sezione di Istologia ed Embriologia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore-Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli”, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (C.A.); (S.S.); (G.S.); (F.I.)
| | - Filippo Biamonte
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biotecnologiche di Base, Cliniche Intensivologiche e Perioperatorie, Istituto di Biochimica e Biochimica Clinica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy;
- Dipartimento di Scienze di Laboratorio e Infettivologiche, Unità Operativa Complessa di Chimica, Biochimica e Biologia Molecolare, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore-Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli”, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Umberto Moscato
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Sanità Pubblica, Sezione di Medicina del Lavoro e Igiene di Sanità Pubblica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore-Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli”, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy;
- Dipartimento delle Scienze della Salute della Donna, del Bambino e di Sanità Pubblica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli”, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Annunziato Mangiola
- Unità Operativa Complessa di Neurochirurgia, Ospedale Santo Spirito, 65124 Pescara, Italy;
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Imaging e Scienze Cliniche, Università “G. D’Annunzio”, 66013 Chieti, Italy
| | - Gigliola Sica
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Sanità Pubblica, Sezione di Istologia ed Embriologia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore-Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli”, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (C.A.); (S.S.); (G.S.); (F.I.)
| | - Fortunata Iacopino
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Sanità Pubblica, Sezione di Istologia ed Embriologia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore-Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli”, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (C.A.); (S.S.); (G.S.); (F.I.)
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Exploiting Gangliosides for the Therapy of Ewing's Sarcoma and H3K27M-Mutant Diffuse Midline Glioma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13030520. [PMID: 33572900 PMCID: PMC7866294 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13030520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Osteosarcoma, Ewing’s sarcoma, and H3K27M-mutant diffuse midline glioma are rare but aggressive malignancies occurring mainly in children. Due to their rareness and often fatal course, drug development is challenging. Here, we repurposed the existing drugs dinutuximab and eliglustat and investigated their potential to directly target or indirectly modulate the tumor cell-specific ganglioside GD2. Our data suggest that targeting and/or modulating tumor cell-specific GD2 may offer a new therapeutic strategy for the above mentioned tumor entities. Abstract The ganglioside GD2 is an important target in childhood cancer. Nevertheless, the only therapy targeting GD2 that is approved to date is the monoclonal antibody dinutuximab, which is used in the therapy of neuroblastoma. The relevance of GD2 as a target in other tumor entities remains to be elucidated. Here, we analyzed the expression of GD2 in different pediatric tumor entities by flow cytometry and tested two approaches for targeting GD2. H3K27M-mutant diffuse midline glioma (H3K27M-mutant DMG) samples showed the highest expression of GD2 with all cells strongly positive for the antigen. Ewing’s sarcoma (ES) samples also showed high expression, but displayed intra- and intertumor heterogeneity. Osteosarcoma had low to intermediate expression with a high percentage of GD2-negative cells. Dinutuximab beta in combination with irinotecan and temozolomide was used to treat a five-year-old girl with refractory ES. Disease control lasted over 12 months until a single partially GD2-negative intracranial metastasis was detected. In order to target GD2 in H3K27M-mutant DMG, we blocked ganglioside synthesis via eliglustat, since dinutuximab cannot cross the blood–brain barrier. Eliglustat is an inhibitor of glucosylceramide synthase, and it is used for treating children with Gaucher’s disease. Eliglustat completely inhibited the proliferation of primary H3K27M-mutant DMG cells in vitro. In summary, our data provide evidence that dinutuximab might be effective in tumors with high GD2 expression. Moreover, disrupting the ganglioside metabolism in H3K27M-mutant DMG could open up a new therapeutic option for this highly fatal cancer.
Collapse
|
49
|
Voelkel-Johnson C. Sphingolipids in embryonic development, cell cycle regulation, and stemness - Implications for polyploidy in tumors. Semin Cancer Biol 2021; 81:206-219. [PMID: 33429049 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Revised: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The aberrant biology of polyploid giant cancer cells (PGCC) includes dysregulation of the cell cycle, induction of stress responses, and dedifferentiation, all of which are likely accompanied by adaptations in biophysical properties and metabolic activity. Sphingolipids are the second largest class of membrane lipids and play important roles in many aspects of cell biology that are potentially relevant to polyploidy. We have recently shown that the function of the sphingolipid enzyme acid ceramidase (ASAH1) is critical for the ability of PGCC to generate progeny by depolyploidization but mechanisms by which sphingolipids contribute to polyploidy and generation of offspring with stem-like properties remain elusive. This review discusses the role of sphingolipids during embryonic development, cell cycle regulation, and stem cells in an effort to highlight parallels to polyploidy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christina Voelkel-Johnson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Xu C, Wang S, Wu Y, Sun X, Yang D, Wang S. Recent advances in understanding the roles of sialyltransferases in tumor angiogenesis and metastasis. Glycoconj J 2021; 38:119-127. [PMID: 33411077 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-020-09967-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Abnormal glycosylation is a common characteristic of cancer cells and there is a lot of evidence that glycans can regulate the biological behavior of tumor cells. Sialylation modification, a form of glycosylation modification, plays an important role in cell recognition, cell adhesion and cell signal transduction. Abnormal sialylation on the surface of tumor cells is related to tumor migration and invasion, with abnormal expression of sialyltransferases being one of the main causes of abnormal sialylation. Recent studies provide a better understanding of the importance of the sialyltransferases, and how they influences cancer cell angiogenesis, adhesion and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT). The present review will provide a direction for future studies in determining the roles of sialyltransferases in cancer metastasis, and abnormal sialyltransferases are likely to be potential biomarkers for cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Glycobiology, Dalian Medical University, No.9 West Section Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shidan Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Glycobiology, Dalian Medical University, No.9 West Section Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinshuang Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Glycobiology, Dalian Medical University, No.9 West Section Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxin Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Glycobiology, Dalian Medical University, No.9 West Section Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Deyong Yang
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shujing Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Glycobiology, Dalian Medical University, No.9 West Section Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|