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Shivakumar AB, Mehak SF, Jijimon F, Gangadharan G. Extrahippocampal Contributions to Social Memory: The Role of Septal Nuclei. Biol Psychiatry 2024:S0006-3223(24)01287-3. [PMID: 38718881 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2024.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
Social memory, the ability to recognize and remember individuals within a social group, is crucial for social interactions and relationships. Deficits in social memory have been linked to several neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders. The hippocampus, especially the circuit that links dorsal CA2 and ventral CA1 neurons, is considered a neural substrate for social memory formation. Recent studies have provided compelling evidence of extrahippocampal contributions to social memory. The septal nuclei, including the medial and lateral septum, make up a basal forebrain region that shares bidirectional neuronal connections with the hippocampus and has recently been identified as critical for social memory. The focus of our review is the neural circuit mechanisms that underlie social memory, with a special emphasis on the septum. We also discuss the social memory dysfunction associated with neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apoorva Bettagere Shivakumar
- Department of Ageing Research, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Sonam Fathima Mehak
- Department of Ageing Research, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Feyba Jijimon
- Department of Ageing Research, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Gireesh Gangadharan
- Department of Ageing Research, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India.
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Kniffin A, Bangasser DA, Parikh V. Septohippocampal cholinergic system at the intersection of stress and cognition: Current trends and translational implications. Eur J Neurosci 2024; 59:2155-2180. [PMID: 37118907 PMCID: PMC10875782 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Deficits in hippocampus-dependent memory processes are common across psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders such as depression, anxiety and Alzheimer's disease. Moreover, stress is a major environmental risk factor for these pathologies and it exerts detrimental effects on hippocampal functioning via the activation of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. The medial septum cholinergic neurons extensively innervate the hippocampus. Although, the cholinergic septohippocampal pathway (SHP) has long been implicated in learning and memory, its involvement in mediating the adaptive and maladaptive impact of stress on mnemonic processes remains less clear. Here, we discuss current research highlighting the contributions of cholinergic SHP in modulating memory encoding, consolidation and retrieval. Then, we present evidence supporting the view that neurobiological interactions between HPA axis stress response and cholinergic signalling impact hippocampal computations. Finally, we critically discuss potential challenges and opportunities to target cholinergic SHP as a therapeutic strategy to improve cognitive impairments in stress-related disorders. We argue that such efforts should consider recent conceptualisations on the dynamic nature of cholinergic signalling in modulating distinct subcomponents of memory and its interactions with cellular substrates that regulate the adaptive stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa Kniffin
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122
| | - Debra A. Bangasser
- Neuroscience Institute and Center for Behavioral Neuroscience, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Vinay Parikh
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122
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3
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Horii-Hayashi N, Masuda K, Kato T, Kobayashi K, Inutsuka A, Nambu MF, Tanaka KZ, Inoue K, Nishi M. Entrance-sealing behavior in the home cage: a defensive response to potential threats linked to the serotonergic system and manifestation of repetitive/stereotypic behavior in mice. Front Behav Neurosci 2024; 17:1289520. [PMID: 38249128 PMCID: PMC10799337 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2023.1289520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The security of animal habitats, such as burrows and nests, is vital for their survival and essential activities, including eating, mating, and raising offspring. Animals instinctively exhibit defensive behaviors to protect themselves from imminent and potential threats. In 1963, researchers reported wild rats sealing the entrances to their burrows from the inside using materials such as mud, sand, and vegetation. This behavior, known as "entrance sealing (ES)," involves repetitive movements of their nose/mouth and forepaws and is likely a proactive measure against potential intruders, which enhances burrow security. These observations provide important insights into the animals' ability to anticipate potential threats that have not yet occurred and take proactive actions. However, this behavior lacks comprehensive investigation, and the neural mechanisms underpinning it remain unclear. Hypothalamic perifornical neurons expressing urocortin-3 respond to novel objects/potential threats and modulate defensive responses to the objects in mice, including risk assessment and burying. In this study, we further revealed that chemogenetic activation of these neurons elicited ES-like behavior in the home-cage. Furthermore, behavioral changes caused by activating these neurons, including manifestations of ES-like behavior, marble-burying, and risk assessment/burying of a novel object, were effectively suppressed by selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitors. The c-Fos analysis indicated that ES-like behavior was potentially mediated through GABAergic neurons in the lateral septum. These findings underscore the involvement of hypothalamic neurons in the anticipation of potential threats and proactive defense against them. The links of this security system with the manifestation of repetitive/stereotypic behaviors and the serotonergic system provide valuable insights into the mechanisms underlying the symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriko Horii-Hayashi
- Anatomy and Cell Biology, Department of Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Kazuya Masuda
- Anatomy and Cell Biology, Department of Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Taika Kato
- Anatomy and Cell Biology, Department of Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Kenta Kobayashi
- Section of Viral Vector Development, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Ayumu Inutsuka
- Department of Physiology, Jichi Medical University, Shimono, Japan
| | - Miyu F. Nambu
- Memory Research Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University (OIST), Kunigami-gun, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Z. Tanaka
- Memory Research Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University (OIST), Kunigami-gun, Japan
| | - Koichi Inoue
- Anatomy and Cell Biology, Department of Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Mayumi Nishi
- Anatomy and Cell Biology, Department of Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
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Yu YH, Kim SW, Im H, Lee YR, Kim GW, Ryu S, Park DK, Kim DS. Febrile Seizure Causes Deficit in Social Novelty, Gliosis, and Proinflammatory Cytokine Response in the Hippocampal CA2 Region in Rats. Cells 2023; 12:2446. [PMID: 37887290 PMCID: PMC10605585 DOI: 10.3390/cells12202446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Febrile seizure (FS), which occurs as a response to fever, is the most common seizure that occurs in infants and young children. FS is usually accompanied by diverse neuropsychiatric symptoms, including impaired social behaviors; however, research on neuropsychiatric disorders and hippocampal inflammatory changes following febrile seizure occurrences is very limited. Here, we provide evidence linking FS occurrence with ASD pathogenesis in rats. We developed an FS juvenile rats model and found ASD-like abnormal behaviors including deficits in social novelty, repetitive behaviors, and hyperlocomotion. In addition, FS model juvenile rats showed enhanced levels of gliosis and inflammation in the hippocampal CA2 region and cerebellum. Furthermore, abnormal levels of social and repetitive behaviors persisted in adults FS model rats. These findings suggest that the inflammatory response triggered by febrile seizures in young children could potentially serve as a mediator of social cognitive impairments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeon Hee Yu
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si 31151, Republic of Korea; (Y.H.Y.); (H.I.); (Y.R.L.); (G.W.K.)
| | - Seong-Wook Kim
- Graduate School of New Drug Discovery & Development, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hyuna Im
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si 31151, Republic of Korea; (Y.H.Y.); (H.I.); (Y.R.L.); (G.W.K.)
| | - Yu Ran Lee
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si 31151, Republic of Korea; (Y.H.Y.); (H.I.); (Y.R.L.); (G.W.K.)
| | - Gun Woo Kim
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si 31151, Republic of Korea; (Y.H.Y.); (H.I.); (Y.R.L.); (G.W.K.)
| | - Seongho Ryu
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Med-Bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si 31151, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si 31151, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Kyoon Park
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si 31151, Republic of Korea; (Y.H.Y.); (H.I.); (Y.R.L.); (G.W.K.)
| | - Duk-Soo Kim
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si 31151, Republic of Korea; (Y.H.Y.); (H.I.); (Y.R.L.); (G.W.K.)
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Shivakumar AB, Kumari S, Mehak SF, Gangadharan G. Compulsive-like Behaviors in Amyloid-β 1-42-Induced Alzheimer's Disease in Mice Are Associated With Hippocampo-cortical Neural Circuit Dysfunction. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY GLOBAL OPEN SCIENCE 2023; 3:773-784. [PMID: 37881551 PMCID: PMC10593884 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsgos.2023.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In addition to memory deficits, patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) experience neuropsychiatric disturbances. Recent studies have suggested the association of obsessive-compulsive disorder with the early stages of AD. However, there is a lack of understanding of the neurobiological underpinnings of compulsive-like behaviors at the neuronal circuit level and their relationship with AD. Methods We have addressed this issue in an amyloid-β 1-42-induced mouse model of AD by studying compulsive-like behaviors. Next, we compared the hippocampal and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) local field potential pattern and coherence between these regions of control and AD mice. We also assessed the expression pattern of acetylcholine and glutamatergic signaling in these regions, using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results Our findings show that AD mice exhibit compulsive-like behaviors, as evidenced by enhanced marble burying, nest building, and burrowing. Furthermore, AD mice exhibited hippocampo-cortical circuit dysfunction demonstrated by decreased power of rhythmic oscillations at the theta (4-12 Hz) and gamma (25-50 Hz) frequencies in the hippocampus and mPFC, two functionally interconnected brain regions involved both in AD and compulsive behaviors. Importantly, coherence between the hippocampus and mPFC in the theta band of AD animals was significantly reduced. Furthermore, we found reduced cholinergic and glutamatergic neurotransmission in the hippocampus and mPFC of AD mice. Conclusions We conclude that the hippocampo-cortical functional alterations may play a significant role in mediating the compulsive-like behaviors observed in AD mice. These findings may help in understanding the underlying circuit mechanisms of obsessive-compulsive disorder-like phenotypes associated with AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apoorva Bettagere Shivakumar
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Sparsha Kumari
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Sonam Fathima Mehak
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Gireesh Gangadharan
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
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Guo H, Jiang JB, Xu W, Zhang MT, Chen H, Shi HY, Wang L, He M, Lazarus M, Li SQ, Huang ZL, Qu WM. Parasubthalamic calretinin neurons modulate wakefulness associated with exploration in male mice. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2346. [PMID: 37095092 PMCID: PMC10126000 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37797-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The parasubthalamic nucleus (PSTN) is considered to be involved in motivation, feeding and hunting, all of which are highly depending on wakefulness. However, the roles and underlying neural circuits of the PSTN in wakefulness remain unclear. Neurons expressing calretinin (CR) account for the majority of PSTN neurons. In this study in male mice, fiber photometry recordings showed that the activity of PSTNCR neurons increased at the transitions from non-rapid eye movement (non-REM, NREM) sleep to either wakefulness or REM sleep, as well as exploratory behavior. Chemogenetic and optogenetic experiments demonstrated that PSTNCR neurons were necessary for initiating and/or maintaining arousal associated with exploration. Photoactivation of projections of PSTNCR neurons revealed that they regulated exploration-related wakefulness by innervating the ventral tegmental area. Collectively, our findings indicate that PSTNCR circuitry is essential for the induction and maintenance of the awake state associated with exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Guo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, and Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian-Bo Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, and Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, and Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Mu-Tian Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, and Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, and Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Huan-Ying Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, and Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Miao He
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, and Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Michael Lazarus
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPIIIIS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Shan-Qun Li
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Zhi-Li Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, and Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Wei-Min Qu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, and Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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7
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Wander CM, Li YD, Bao H, Asrican B, Luo YJ, Sullivan HA, Chao THH, Zhang WT, Chéry SL, Tart DS, Chen ZK, Shih YYI, Wickersham IR, Cohen TJ, Song J. Compensatory remodeling of a septo-hippocampal GABAergic network in the triple transgenic Alzheimer's mouse model. J Transl Med 2023; 21:258. [PMID: 37061718 PMCID: PMC10105965 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04078-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by a progressive loss of memory that cannot be efficiently managed by currently available AD therapeutics. So far, most treatments for AD that have the potential to improve memory target neural circuits to protect their integrity. However, the vulnerable neural circuits and their dynamic remodeling during AD progression remain largely undefined. METHODS Circuit-based approaches, including anterograde and retrograde tracing, slice electrophysiology, and fiber photometry, were used to investigate the dynamic structural and functional remodeling of a GABAergic circuit projected from the medial septum (MS) to the dentate gyrus (DG) in 3xTg-AD mice during AD progression. RESULTS We identified a long-distance GABAergic circuit that couples highly connected MS and DG GABAergic neurons during spatial memory encoding. Furthermore, we found hyperactivity of DG interneurons during early AD, which persisted into late AD stages. Interestingly, MS GABAergic projections developed a series of adaptive strategies to combat DG interneuron hyperactivity. During early-stage AD, MS-DG GABAergic projections exhibit increased inhibitory synaptic strength onto DG interneurons to inhibit their activities. During late-stage AD, MS-DG GABAergic projections form higher anatomical connectivity with DG interneurons and exhibit aberrant outgrowth to increase the inhibition onto DG interneurons. CONCLUSION We report the structural and functional remodeling of the MS-DG GABAergic circuit during disease progression in 3xTg-AD mice. Dynamic MS-DG GABAergic circuit remodeling represents a compensatory mechanism to combat DG interneuron hyperactivity induced by reduced GABA transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor M Wander
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Ya-Dong Li
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
- Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
- Songjiang Research Institute, Songjiang hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201699, China.
| | - Hechen Bao
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Brent Asrican
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Yan-Jia Luo
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201699, China
| | - Heather A Sullivan
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Tzu-Hao Harry Chao
- Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Wei-Ting Zhang
- Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Samantha L Chéry
- Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Dalton S Tart
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Ze-Ka Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Yen-Yu Ian Shih
- Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Ian R Wickersham
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Todd J Cohen
- Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Juan Song
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
- Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
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8
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Tang Y, Yan Y, Mao J, Ni J, Qing H. The hippocampus associated GABAergic neural network impairment in early-stage of Alzheimer's disease. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 86:101865. [PMID: 36716975 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.101865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the commonest neurodegenerative disease with slow progression. Pieces of evidence suggest that the GABAergic system is impaired in the early stage of AD, leading to hippocampal neuron over-activity and further leading to memory and cognitive impairment in patients with AD. However, the precise impairment mechanism of the GABAergic system on the pathogenesis of AD is still unclear. The impairment of neural networks associated with the GABAergic system is tightly associated with AD. Therefore, we describe the roles played by hippocampus-related GABAergic circuits and their impairments in AD neuropathology. In addition, we give our understand on the process from GABAergic circuit impairment to cognitive and memory impairment, since recent studies on astrocyte in AD plays an important role behind cognition dysfunction caused by GABAergic circuit impairment, which helps better understand the GABAergic system and could open up innovative AD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanhong Tang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yan Yan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jian Mao
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Institute of China National Tobacco Company, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Junjun Ni
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Hong Qing
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China; Department of Biology, Shenzhen MSU-BIT University, Shenzhen 518172, China.
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9
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Ferrier FJ, Saul I, Khoury N, Ruiz AJ, Lao EJP, Escobar I, Dave KR, Young JI, Perez-Pinzon MA. Post cardiac arrest physical exercise mitigates cell death in the septal and thalamic nuclei and ameliorates contextual fear conditioning deficits in rats. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2023; 43:446-459. [PMID: 36369732 PMCID: PMC9941858 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x221137539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
A major concern for cardiac arrest (CA) survivors is the manifestation of long-term cognitive impairments. Physical exercise (PE) is a well-established approach to improve cognitive functions under certain pathological conditions. We previously showed that PE post-CA mitigates cognitive deficits, but the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. To define neuroprotective mechanisms, we analyzed whether PE post-CA protects neurons involved in memory. We first performed a contextual fear conditioning (CFC) test to confirm that PE post-CA preserves memory in rats. We then conducted a cell-count analysis and determined the number of live cells in the hippocampus, and septal and thalamic nuclei, all areas involved in cognitive functions. Lastly, we performed RNA-seq to determine PE post-CA effect on gene expression. Following CA, exercised rats had preserved CFC memory than sham PE animals. Despite this outcome, PE post-CA did not protect hippocampal cells from dying. However, PE ameliorated cell death in septal and thalamic nuclei compared to sham PE animals, suggesting that these nuclei are crucial in mitigating cognitive decline post-CA. Interestingly, PE affected regulation of genes related to neuroinflammation, plasticity, and cell death. These findings reveal potential mechanisms whereby PE post-CA preserves cognitive functions by protecting septal and thalamic cells via gene regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando J Ferrier
- Peritz Scheinberg Cerebral Vascular Disease Research
Laboratories, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami,
FL, USA
- Neuroscience Program, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller
School of Medicine, Miami FL
| | - Isabel Saul
- Peritz Scheinberg Cerebral Vascular Disease Research
Laboratories, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami,
FL, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller
School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Nathalie Khoury
- Peritz Scheinberg Cerebral Vascular Disease Research
Laboratories, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami,
FL, USA
- Neuroscience Program, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller
School of Medicine, Miami FL
| | - Alexander J Ruiz
- Peritz Scheinberg Cerebral Vascular Disease Research
Laboratories, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami,
FL, USA
| | - Efrain J Perez Lao
- Peritz Scheinberg Cerebral Vascular Disease Research
Laboratories, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami,
FL, USA
- Neuroscience Program, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller
School of Medicine, Miami FL
- Hussman Institute for Human Genetics, University of Miami
Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Iris Escobar
- Peritz Scheinberg Cerebral Vascular Disease Research
Laboratories, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami,
FL, USA
- Neuroscience Program, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller
School of Medicine, Miami FL
| | - Kunjan R Dave
- Peritz Scheinberg Cerebral Vascular Disease Research
Laboratories, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami,
FL, USA
- Neuroscience Program, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller
School of Medicine, Miami FL
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller
School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Juan I Young
- Hussman Institute for Human Genetics, University of Miami
Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Miguel A Perez-Pinzon
- Peritz Scheinberg Cerebral Vascular Disease Research
Laboratories, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami,
FL, USA
- Neuroscience Program, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller
School of Medicine, Miami FL
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller
School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
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10
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Wang Y, Liu J, Hui Y, Wu Z, Wang L, Wu X, Bai Y, Zhang Q, Li L. Dose and time-dependence of acute intermittent theta-burst stimulation on hippocampus-dependent memory in parkinsonian rats. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1124819. [PMID: 36866328 PMCID: PMC9972116 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1124819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The treatment options for cognitive impairments in Parkinson's disease (PD) are limited. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation has been applied in various neurological diseases. However, the effect of intermittent theta-burst stimulation (iTBS) as a more developed repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation paradigm on cognitive dysfunction in PD remains largely unclear. Objective Our aim was to explore the effect of acute iTBS on hippocampus-dependent memory in PD and the mechanism underlying it. Methods Different blocks of iTBS protocols were applied to unilateral 6-hydroxidopamine-induced parkinsonian rats followed by the behavioral, electrophysiological and immunohistochemical analyses. The object-place recognition and hole-board test were used to assess hippocampus-dependent memory. Results Sham-iTBS and 1 block-iTBS (300 stimuli) didn't alter hippocampus-dependent memory, hippocampal theta rhythm and the density of c-Fos- and parvalbumin-positive neurons in the hippocampus and medial septum. 3 block-iTBS (900 stimuli) alleviated 6-hydroxidopamine-induced memory impairments, and increased the density of hippocampal c-Fos-positive neurons at 80 min post-stimulation but not 30 min compared to sham-iTBS. Interestingly, 3 block-iTBS first decreased and then increased normalized theta power during a period of 2 h following stimulation. Moreover, 3 block-iTBS decreased the density of parvalbumin-positive neurons in the medial septum at 30 min post-stimulation compared to sham-iTBS. Conclusion The results indicate that multiple blocks of iTBS elicit dose and time-dependent effects on hippocampus-dependent memory in PD, which may be attributed to changes in c-Fos expression and the power of theta rhythm in the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
| | - Yanping Hui
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Zhongheng Wu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Ling Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xiang Wu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yihua Bai
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Qiaojun Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China,Qiaojun Zhang,
| | - Libo Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China,*Correspondence: Libo Li,
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11
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Gut Prevotellaceae-GABAergic septohippocampal pathway mediates spatial memory impairment in high-fat diet-fed ovariectomized mice. Neurobiol Dis 2023; 177:105993. [PMID: 36627028 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.105993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Clarifying the risk factors and mechanisms that contribute to the onset of cognitive impairment following estrogen depletion is essential for improving the quality of life of older females. In the current study, using behavioral tests, 16S rDNA sequencing, in vivo and in vitro electrophysiology, optogenetics and chemogenetics, we found that high-fat diet (HFD)-accelerated impairment of hippocampus-dependent memory, gut microbiota, and hippocampal theta rhythmogenesis in ovariectomized (OVX) mice and fecal microbiota transplantation rescued these phenomena. The identification of fasting-activated medial septal neurons showed that PV+ GABAergic neurons in the medial septal area (MSA) respond to gut sensory signals. Optogenetic activation of septohippocampal PV+ GABAergic fibers (but not cholinergic fibers) significantly rescued hippocampal theta rhythmogenesis and spatial memory in HFD-fed OVX mice. Resistant starch supplementation (RSHFD) rectified the gut Prevotellaceae and considerably alleviated reduced septal gut-responsive neurons, decreased hippocampal theta rhythm, and impaired hippocampus-dependent memory in HFD-fed OVX mice. Furthermore, chemogenetic inhibition of septal PV+ GABAergic neurons reversed the neuroprotective effects of resistant starch supplementation. These findings highlight the notable gut-sensory nature of medial septal PV+ GABAergic neurons. A HFD accelerates estrogen deficiency-induced cognitive impairment by disrupting the gut Prevotellaceae-septo-hippocampal pathway. This study contributes to a better understanding of the precise gut-brain control of cognition and cognitive impairment in postmenopausal females.
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12
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Kim SW, Kim M, Baek J, Latchoumane CF, Gangadharan G, Yoon Y, Kim DS, Lee JH, Shin HS. Hemispherically lateralized rhythmic oscillations in the cingulate-amygdala circuit drive affective empathy in mice. Neuron 2023; 111:418-429.e4. [PMID: 36460007 PMCID: PMC10681369 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2022.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Observational fear, a form of emotional contagion, is thought to be a basic form of affective empathy. However, the neural process engaged at the specific moment when socially acquired information provokes an emotional response remains elusive. Here, we show that reciprocal projections between the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and basolateral amygdala (BLA) in the right hemisphere are essential for observational fear, and 5-7 Hz neural oscillations were selectively increased in those areas at the onset of observational freezing. A closed-loop disruption demonstrated the causal relationship between 5-7 Hz oscillations in the cingulo-amygdala circuit and observational fear responses. The increase/decrease in theta power induced by optogenetic manipulation of the hippocampal theta rhythm bi-directionally modulated observational fear. Together, these results indicate that hippocampus-dependent 5-7 Hz oscillations in the cingulo-amygdala circuit in the right hemisphere are the essential component of the cognitive process that drives empathic fear, but not freezing, in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Wook Kim
- Center for Cognition and Sociality, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - Minsoo Kim
- Center for Cognition and Sociality, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea; Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jinhee Baek
- Center for Cognition and Sociality, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Gireesh Gangadharan
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Yongwoo Yoon
- Center for Cognition and Sociality, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - Duk-Soo Kim
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-Si 31151, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hyung Lee
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Hee-Sup Shin
- Center for Cognition and Sociality, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea; SL Bigen, Incheon 21983, Republic of Korea.
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13
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Lacalle-Aurioles M, Iturria-Medina Y. Fornix degeneration in risk factors of Alzheimer's disease, possible trigger of cognitive decline. CEREBRAL CIRCULATION - COGNITION AND BEHAVIOR 2023; 4:100158. [PMID: 36703699 PMCID: PMC9871745 DOI: 10.1016/j.cccb.2023.100158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Risk factors of late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD) such as aging, type 2 diabetes, obesity, heart failure, and traumatic brain injury can facilitate the appearance of cognitive decline and dementia by triggering cerebrovascular pathology and neuroinflammation. White matter (WM) microstructure and function are especially vulnerable to these conditions. Microstructural WM changes, assessed with diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging, can already be detected at preclinical stages of AD, and in the presence of the aforementioned risk factors. Particularly, the limbic system and cortico-cortical association WM tracts, which myelinate late during brain development, degenerate at the earliest stages. The fornix, a C-shaped WM tract that originates from the hippocampus, is one of the limbic tracts that shows early microstructural changes. Fornix integrity is necessary for ensuring an intact executive function and memory performance. Thus, a better understanding of the mechanisms that cause fornix degeneration is critical in the development of therapeutic strategies aiming to prevent cognitive decline in populations at risk. In this literature review, i) we deepen the idea that partial loss of forniceal integrity is an early event in AD, ii) we describe the role that common risk factors of AD can play in the degeneration of the fornix, and iii) we discuss some potential cellular and physiological mechanisms of WM degeneration in the scenario of cerebrovascular disease and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Lacalle-Aurioles
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada,Corresponding author at: Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada.
| | - Yasser Iturria-Medina
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada,Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, McGill University, Montreal, Canada,McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
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14
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Febrile Seizures Cause Depression and Anxiogenic Behaviors in Rats. Cells 2022; 11:cells11203228. [PMID: 36291094 PMCID: PMC9600115 DOI: 10.3390/cells11203228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Febrile seizure (FS) is a common type of seizure occurring in human during infancy and childhood. Although an epileptic seizure is associated with psychiatric disorders and comorbid diseases such as depression, anxiety, autism spectrum disorders, sleep disorders, attention deficits, cognitive impairment, and migraine, the causal relationship between FS and psychiatric disorders is poorly understood. The objective of the current study was to investigate the relationship of FS occurrence in childhood with the pathogenesis of anxiety disorder and depression using an FS rat model. We induced febrile seizures in infantile rats (11 days postnatal) using a mercury vapor lamp. At 3 weeks and 12 weeks after FS induction, we examined behaviors and recorded local field potentials (LFPs) to assess anxiety and depression disorder. Interestingly, after FS induction in infantile rats, anxiogenic behaviors and depression-like phenotypes were found in both adult and juvenile FS rats. The analysis of LFPs revealed that 4-7 Hz hippocampal theta rhythm, a neural oscillatory marker for anxiety disorder, was significantly increased in FS rats compared with their wild-type littermates. Taken together, our findings suggest that FS occurrence in infants is causally related to increased levels of anxiety-related behaviors and depression-like symptoms in juvenile and adult rodents.
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15
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Chao OY, Nikolaus S, Yang YM, Huston JP. Neuronal circuitry for recognition memory of object and place in rodent models. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2022; 141:104855. [PMID: 36089106 PMCID: PMC10542956 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Rats and mice are used for studying neuronal circuits underlying recognition memory due to their ability to spontaneously remember the occurrence of an object, its place and an association of the object and place in a particular environment. A joint employment of lesions, pharmacological interventions, optogenetics and chemogenetics is constantly expanding our knowledge of the neural basis for recognition memory of object, place, and their association. In this review, we summarize current studies on recognition memory in rodents with a focus on the novel object preference, novel location preference and object-in-place paradigms. The evidence suggests that the medial prefrontal cortex- and hippocampus-connected circuits contribute to recognition memory for object and place. Under certain conditions, the striatum, medial septum, amygdala, locus coeruleus and cerebellum are also involved. We propose that the neuronal circuitry for recognition memory of object and place is hierarchically connected and constructed by different cortical (perirhinal, entorhinal and retrosplenial cortices), thalamic (nucleus reuniens, mediodorsal and anterior thalamic nuclei) and primeval (hypothalamus and interpeduncular nucleus) modules interacting with the medial prefrontal cortex and hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Owen Y Chao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth, MN 55812, USA
| | - Susanne Nikolaus
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Yi-Mei Yang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth, MN 55812, USA; Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
| | - Joseph P Huston
- Center for Behavioral Neuroscience, Institute of Experimental Psychology, Heinrich-Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
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16
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Cole ER, Grogan DP, Laxpati NG, Fernandez AM, Skelton HM, Isbaine F, Gutekunst CA, Gross RE. Evidence supporting deep brain stimulation of the medial septum in the treatment of temporal lobe epilepsy. Epilepsia 2022; 63:2192-2213. [PMID: 35698897 DOI: 10.1111/epi.17326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Electrical brain stimulation has become an essential treatment option for more than one third of epilepsy patients who are resistant to pharmacological therapy and are not candidates for surgical resection. However, currently approved stimulation paradigms achieve only moderate success, on average providing approximately 75% reduction in seizure frequency and extended periods of seizure freedom in nearly 20% of patients. Outcomes from electrical stimulation may be improved through the identification of novel anatomical targets, particularly those with significant anatomical and functional connectivity to the epileptogenic zone. Multiple studies have investigated the medial septal nucleus (i.e., medial septum) as such a target for the treatment of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. The medial septum is a small midline nucleus that provides a critical functional role in modulating the hippocampal theta rhythm, a 4-7-Hz electrophysiological oscillation mechanistically associated with memory and higher order cognition in both rodents and humans. Elevated theta oscillations are thought to represent a seizure-resistant network activity state, suggesting that electrical neuromodulation of the medial septum and restoration of theta-rhythmic physiology may not only reduce seizure frequency, but also restore cognitive comorbidities associated with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. Here, we review the anatomical and physiological function of the septohippocampal network, evidence for seizure-resistant effects of the theta rhythm, and the results of stimulation experiments across both rodent and human studies, to argue that deep brain stimulation of the medial septum holds potential to provide an effective neuromodulation treatment for mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. We conclude by discussing the considerations necessary for further evaluating this treatment paradigm with a clinical trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric R Cole
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | | | - Nealen G Laxpati
- Department of Neurosurgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Alejandra M Fernandez
- Department of Neurosurgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Henry M Skelton
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Faical Isbaine
- Department of Neurosurgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Claire-Anne Gutekunst
- Department of Neurosurgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Robert E Gross
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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17
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Tsanov M. Basal Forebrain Impairment: Understanding the Mnemonic Function of the Septal Region Translates in Therapeutic Advances. Front Neural Circuits 2022; 16:916499. [PMID: 35712645 PMCID: PMC9194835 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2022.916499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The basal forebrain is one of the three major brain circuits involved in episodic memory formation together with the hippocampus and the diencephalon. The dysfunction of each of these regions is known to cause anterograde amnesia. While the hippocampal pyramidal neurons are known to encode episodic information and the diencephalic structures are known to provide idiothetic information, the contribution of the basal forebrain to memory formation has been exclusively associated with septo-hippocampal cholinergic signaling. Research data from the last decade broadened our understanding about the role of septal region in memory formation. Animal studies revealed that septal neurons process locomotor, rewarding and attentional stimuli. The integration of these signals results in a systems model for the mnemonic function of the medial septum that could guide new therapeutic strategies for basal forebrain impairment (BFI). BFI includes the disorders characterized with basal forebrain amnesia and neurodegenerative disorders that affect the basal forebrain. Here, we demonstrate how the updated model of septal mnemonic function can lead to innovative translational treatment approaches that include pharmacological, instrumental and behavioral techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marian Tsanov
- UCD School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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18
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Theta and gamma oscillatory dynamics in mouse models of Alzheimer's disease: A path to prospective therapeutic intervention. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2022; 136:104628. [PMID: 35331816 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the neural basis of cognitive deficits, a key feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD), is imperative for achieving the therapy of the disease. Rhythmic oscillatory activities in neural systems are a fundamental mechanism for diverse brain functions, including cognition. In several neurological conditions like AD, aberrant neural oscillations have been shown to play a central role. Furthermore, manipulation of brain oscillations in animals has confirmed their impact on cognition and disease. In this article, we review the evidence from mouse models that shows how synchronized oscillatory activity is intricately linked to AD machinery. We primarily focus on recent reports showing abnormal oscillatory activities at theta and gamma frequencies in AD condition and their influence on cellular disturbances and cognitive impairments. A thorough comprehension of the role that neuronal oscillations play in AD pathology should pave the way to therapeutic interventions that can curb the disease.
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19
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Yu YH, Kim SW, Kang J, Song Y, Im H, Kim SJ, Yoo DY, Lee MR, Park DK, Oh JS, Kim DS. Phosphodiesterase-5 Inhibitor Attenuates Anxious Phenotypes and Movement Disorder Induced by Mild Ischemic Stroke in Rats. J Korean Neurosurg Soc 2022; 65:665-679. [PMID: 35430790 PMCID: PMC9452378 DOI: 10.3340/jkns.2021.0101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Patients with mild ischemic stroke experience various sequela and residual symptoms, such as anxious behavior and deficits in movement. Few approaches have been proved to be effective and safe therapeutic approaches for patients with mild ischemic stroke by acute stroke. Sildenafil (SIL), a phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor (PDE5i), is a known remedy for neurodegenerative disorders and vascular dementia through its angiogenesis and neurogenesis effects. In this study, we investigated the efficacy of PDE5i in the emotional and behavioral abnormalities in rats with mild ischemic stroke.
Methods We divided the rats into four groups as follows (n=20, respectively) : group 1, naïve; group 2, middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo30); group 3, MCAo30+SIL-pre; and group 4, MCAo30+SIL-post. In the case of drug administration groups, single dose of PDE5i (sildenafil citrate, 20 mg/kg) was given at 30-minute before and after reperfusion of MCAo in rats. After surgery, we investigated and confirmed the therapeutic effect of sildenafil on histology, immunofluorescence, behavioral assays and neural oscillations.
Results Sildenafil alleviated a neuronal loss and reduced the infarction volume. And results of behavior task and immunofluorescence shown possibility that anti-inflammation process and improve motor deficits sildenafil treatment after mild ischemic stroke. Furthermore, sildenafil treatment attenuated the alteration of theta-frequency rhythm in the CA1 region of the hippocampus, a known neural oscillatory marker for anxiety disorder in rodents, induced by mild ischemic stroke.
Conclusion PDE5i as effective therapeutic agents for anxiety and movement disorders and provide robust preclinical evidence to support the development and use of PDE5i for the treatment of mild ischemic stroke residual disorders.
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20
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Burjanadze MA, Dashniani MG, Solomonia RO, Beselia GV, Tsverava L, Lagani V, Chkhikvishvili NC, Naneishvili TL, Kruashvili LB, Chighladze MR. Age-related changes in medial septal cholinergic and GABAergic projection neurons and hippocampal neurotransmitter receptors: relationship with memory impairment. Exp Brain Res 2022; 240:1589-1604. [PMID: 35357523 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-022-06354-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The hippocampus, which provides cognitive functions, has been shown to become highly vulnerable during aging. One important modulator of the hippocampal neural network is the medial septum (MS). The present study attempts to determine how age-related mnemonic dysfunction is associated with neurochemical changes in the septohippocampal (SH) system, using behavioral and immunochemical experiments performed on young-adult, middle-aged and aged rats. According to these behavioral results, the aged and around 52.8% of middle-aged rats (within the "middle-aged-impaired" sub-group) showed both impaired spatial reference memory in the Morris water maze and habituation in the open field. Immunohistochemical studies revealed a significant decrease in the number of MS choline acetyltransferase immunoreactive cells in the aged and all middle-aged rats, in comparison to the young; however the number of gamma-aminobutyric acid-ergic (GABAergic) parvalbumin immunoreactive cells was higher in middle-aged-impaired and older rats compared to young and middle-aged-unimpaired rats. Western Blot analysis moreover showed a decrease in the level of expression of cholinergic, GABAergic and glutamatergic receptors in the hippocampus of middle-aged-impaired and aged rats in contrast to middle-aged-unimpaired and young rats. The present results demonstrate for the first time that a decrease in the expression level of hippocampal receptors in naturally aged rats with impaired cognitive abilities occurs in parallel with an increase in the number of GABAergic neurons in the MS, and it highlights the particular importance of inhibitory signaling in the SH network for memory function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maia A Burjanadze
- Department of Behavior and Cognitive Function, I. Beritashvili Center of Experimental Biomedicine, 0160, Tbilisi, Georgia.
| | - Manana G Dashniani
- Department of Behavior and Cognitive Function, I. Beritashvili Center of Experimental Biomedicine, 0160, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Revaz O Solomonia
- Department of Behavior and Cognitive Function, I. Beritashvili Center of Experimental Biomedicine, 0160, Tbilisi, Georgia.,Institute of Chemical Biology, Ilia State University, 0162, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Gela V Beselia
- Department of Behavior and Cognitive Function, I. Beritashvili Center of Experimental Biomedicine, 0160, Tbilisi, Georgia.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Petre Shotadze Tbilisi Medical Academy, 0144, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Lia Tsverava
- Department of Behavior and Cognitive Function, I. Beritashvili Center of Experimental Biomedicine, 0160, Tbilisi, Georgia.,Institute of Chemical Biology, Ilia State University, 0162, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Vincenzo Lagani
- Institute of Chemical Biology, Ilia State University, 0162, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Nino C Chkhikvishvili
- Department of Behavior and Cognitive Function, I. Beritashvili Center of Experimental Biomedicine, 0160, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Temur L Naneishvili
- Department of Behavior and Cognitive Function, I. Beritashvili Center of Experimental Biomedicine, 0160, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Lali B Kruashvili
- Department of Behavior and Cognitive Function, I. Beritashvili Center of Experimental Biomedicine, 0160, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Mariam R Chighladze
- Department of Behavior and Cognitive Function, I. Beritashvili Center of Experimental Biomedicine, 0160, Tbilisi, Georgia
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21
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Papazoglou A, Arshaad MI, Henseler C, Daubner J, Broich K, Hescheler J, Ehninger D, Haenisch B, Weiergräber M. Ca v3 T-Type Voltage-Gated Ca 2+ Channels and the Amyloidogenic Environment: Pathophysiology and Implications on Pharmacotherapy and Pharmacovigilance. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:3457. [PMID: 35408817 PMCID: PMC8998330 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Voltage-gated Ca2+ channels (VGCCs) were reported to play a crucial role in neurotransmitter release, dendritic resonance phenomena and integration, and the regulation of gene expression. In the septohippocampal system, high- and low-voltage-activated (HVA, LVA) Ca2+ channels were shown to be involved in theta genesis, learning, and memory processes. In particular, HVA Cav2.3 R-type and LVA Cav3 T-type Ca2+ channels are expressed in the medial septum-diagonal band of Broca (MS-DBB), hippocampal interneurons, and pyramidal cells, and ablation of both channels was proven to severely modulate theta activity. Importantly, Cav3 Ca2+ channels contribute to rebound burst firing in septal interneurons. Consequently, functional impairment of T-type Ca2+ channels, e.g., in null mutant mouse models, caused tonic disinhibition of the septohippocampal pathway and subsequent enhancement of hippocampal theta activity. In addition, impairment of GABA A/B receptor transcription, trafficking, and membrane translocation was observed within the septohippocampal system. Given the recent findings that amyloid precursor protein (APP) forms complexes with GABA B receptors (GBRs), it is hypothesized that T-type Ca2+ current reduction, decrease in GABA receptors, and APP destabilization generate complex functional interdependence that can constitute a sophisticated proamyloidogenic environment, which could be of potential relevance in the etiopathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The age-related downregulation of T-type Ca2+ channels in humans goes together with increased Aβ levels that could further inhibit T-type channels and aggravate the proamyloidogenic environment. The mechanistic model presented here sheds new light on recent reports about the potential risks of T-type Ca2+ channel blockers (CCBs) in dementia, as observed upon antiepileptic drug application in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Papazoglou
- Experimental Neuropsychopharmacology, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte, BfArM), Kurt-Georg-Kiesinger-Allee 3, 53175 Bonn, Germany; (A.P.); (M.I.A.); (C.H.); (J.D.)
| | - Muhammad Imran Arshaad
- Experimental Neuropsychopharmacology, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte, BfArM), Kurt-Georg-Kiesinger-Allee 3, 53175 Bonn, Germany; (A.P.); (M.I.A.); (C.H.); (J.D.)
| | - Christina Henseler
- Experimental Neuropsychopharmacology, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte, BfArM), Kurt-Georg-Kiesinger-Allee 3, 53175 Bonn, Germany; (A.P.); (M.I.A.); (C.H.); (J.D.)
| | - Johanna Daubner
- Experimental Neuropsychopharmacology, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte, BfArM), Kurt-Georg-Kiesinger-Allee 3, 53175 Bonn, Germany; (A.P.); (M.I.A.); (C.H.); (J.D.)
| | - Karl Broich
- Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte, BfArM), Kurt-Georg-Kiesinger-Allee 3, 53175 Bonn, Germany; (K.B.); (B.H.)
| | - Jürgen Hescheler
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Neurophysiology, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 39, 50931 Cologne, Germany;
- Center of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 39, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Dan Ehninger
- Translational Biogerontology, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen, DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1/99, 53127 Bonn, Germany;
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen, DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1/99, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Britta Haenisch
- Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte, BfArM), Kurt-Georg-Kiesinger-Allee 3, 53175 Bonn, Germany; (K.B.); (B.H.)
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen, DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1/99, 53127 Bonn, Germany
- Center for Translational Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, 53113 Bonn, Germany
| | - Marco Weiergräber
- Experimental Neuropsychopharmacology, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte, BfArM), Kurt-Georg-Kiesinger-Allee 3, 53175 Bonn, Germany; (A.P.); (M.I.A.); (C.H.); (J.D.)
- Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte, BfArM), Kurt-Georg-Kiesinger-Allee 3, 53175 Bonn, Germany; (K.B.); (B.H.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Neurophysiology, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 39, 50931 Cologne, Germany;
- Center of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 39, 50931 Cologne, Germany
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22
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Ferraz da Silva I, Merlo E, Costa CS, Graceli JB, Rodrigues LCM. Tributyltin Exposure Is Associated With Recognition Memory Impairments, Alterations in Estrogen Receptor α Protein Levels, and Oxidative Stress in the Brain of Female Mice. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2022; 3:654077. [PMID: 35295135 PMCID: PMC8915859 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2021.654077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Tributyltin (TBT) is a persistent organometallic pollutant widely used in several agricultural and industrial processes. TBT exposure is associated with various metabolic, reproductive, immune, and cardiovascular abnormalities. However, few studies have evaluated the effects of TBT on behavior. In the present study, we aimed to investigate whether TBT exposure results in oxidative, neuroendocrine, and behavioral alterations. TBT was administered to adult female mice (250, 500, or 750 ng/kg/day or veh for 14 days), and their recognition memory was assessed. We have also evaluated estrogen receptor (ER)α protein expression and oxidative stress (OS) in brain areas related to memory, as well as the correlation between them. A reduction in short- and long-term recognition memory (STM and LTM) performance, as well as in total exploration time was observed in TBT mice. Reduced ERα protein expression was observed in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus of TBT mice, while an increase in TBARS concentration was observed in the PFC of treated animals. Collectively, these data suggest that TBT exposure impairs recognition memory in female mice as a result of, at least in part, its toxicological effects on ERα expression and OS in specific brain areas related to memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Ferraz da Silva
- Laboratory of Neurotoxicology and Psychopharmacology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Merlo
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Cellular Toxicology, Department of Morphology, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil
| | - Charles S Costa
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Cellular Toxicology, Department of Morphology, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil
| | - Jones B Graceli
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Cellular Toxicology, Department of Morphology, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil
| | - Lívia C M Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Neurotoxicology and Psychopharmacology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil
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23
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Dávila-Bouziguet E, Casòliba-Melich A, Targa-Fabra G, Galera-López L, Ozaita A, Maldonado R, Ávila J, Delgado-García JM, Gruart A, Soriano E, Pascual M. Functional protection in J20/VLW mice: a model of non-demented with Alzheimer's disease neuropathology. Brain 2021; 145:729-743. [PMID: 34424282 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awab319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease comprises amyloid-β and hyperphosphorylated Tau accumulation, imbalanced neuronal activity, aberrant oscillatory rhythms, and cognitive deficits. Non-Demented with Alzheimer's disease Neuropathology (NDAN) defines a novel clinical entity with amyloid-β and Tau pathologies but preserved cognition. The mechanisms underlying such neuroprotection remain undetermined and animal models of NDAN are currently unavailable. We demonstrate that J20/VLW mice (accumulating amyloid-β and hyperphosphorylated Tau) exhibit preserved hippocampal rhythmic activity and cognition, as opposed to J20 and VLW animals, which show significant alterations. Furthermore, we show that the overexpression of mutant human Tau in coexistence with amyloid-β accumulation renders a particular hyperphosphorylated Tau signature in hippocampal interneurons. The GABAergic septohippocampal pathway, responsible for hippocampal rhythmic activity, is preserved in J20/VLW mice, in contrast to single mutants. Our data highlight J20/VLW mice as a suitable animal model in which to explore the mechanisms driving cognitive preservation in NDAN. Moreover, they suggest that a differential Tau phosphorylation pattern in hippocampal interneurons prevents the loss of GABAergic septohippocampal innervation and alterations in local field potentials, thereby avoiding cognitive deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Dávila-Bouziguet
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED, ISCIII), Spain
| | - Arnau Casòliba-Melich
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED, ISCIII), Spain
| | - Georgina Targa-Fabra
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED, ISCIII), Spain
| | - Lorena Galera-López
- Laboratory of Neuropharmacology-NeuroPhar, Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrés Ozaita
- Laboratory of Neuropharmacology-NeuroPhar, Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rafael Maldonado
- Laboratory of Neuropharmacology-NeuroPhar, Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jesús Ávila
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED, ISCIII), Spain.,Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Neurobiology Laboratory, Madrid, Spain
| | - José M Delgado-García
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Neurobiology Laboratory, Madrid, Spain.,Division of Neurosciences, Pablo de Olavide University, Seville, Spain
| | - Agnès Gruart
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Neurobiology Laboratory, Madrid, Spain.,Division of Neurosciences, Pablo de Olavide University, Seville, Spain
| | - Eduardo Soriano
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED, ISCIII), Spain
| | - Marta Pascual
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED, ISCIII), Spain
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24
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Bao X, Qi C, Liu T, Zheng X. Information transmission in mPFC-BLA network during exploratory behavior in the open field. Behav Brain Res 2021; 414:113483. [PMID: 34302874 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2021.113483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Exploratory behavior plays a fundamental role in motivation, learning, and well-being of organisms. The open field test (OFT) is a classic method to investigate the exploratory behavior in rodents, also a widely adopted and pharmacologically validated procedure for evaluating anxiety and depression. Several lines of evidence have shown that medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and basolateral amygdala (BLA) play crucial roles in anxiety-like or depression-like exploratory behavior. However, the dynamic characterization of the mPFC-BLA network in exploratory behavior is less well understood. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the information transmission mechanism in the mPFC-BLA network during exploratory behavior. Local field potentials (LFPs) from mPFC and BLA were simultaneously recorded while the rats performed the OFT. Directed transfer function (DTF), which was derived from Granger causal connectivity analysis, was applied to measure the functional connectivity among LFPs. Information flow (IF) was calculated to explore the dynamics of information transmission in the mPFC-BLA network. Our results revealed that, for both mPFC and BLA, the theta-band functional connectivity in periphery was significantly higher than that in center of the open field. The IF from BLA to mPFC in the open field task was significantly higher than that from mPFC to BLA. These results suggest that the functional connectivity and IF in the mPFC-BLA network are related to the exploratory behavior, and information transmission from BLA to mPFC could be predominant for exploratory behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuehui Bao
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Chengxi Qi
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Tiaotiao Liu
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Xuyuan Zheng
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.
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25
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Mocellin P, Mikulovic S. The Role of the Medial Septum-Associated Networks in Controlling Locomotion and Motivation to Move. Front Neural Circuits 2021; 15:699798. [PMID: 34366795 PMCID: PMC8340000 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2021.699798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The Medial Septum and diagonal Band of Broca (MSDB) was initially studied for its role in locomotion. However, the last several decades were focussed on its intriguing function in theta rhythm generation. Early studies relied on electrical stimulation, lesions and pharmacological manipulation, and reported an inconclusive picture regarding the role of the MSDB circuits. Recent studies using more specific methodologies have started to elucidate the differential role of the MSDB's specific cell populations in controlling both theta rhythm and behaviour. In particular, a novel theory is emerging showing that different MSDB's cell populations project to different brain regions and control distinct aspects of behaviour. While the majority of these behaviours involve movement, increasing evidence suggests that MSDB-related networks govern the motivational aspect of actions, rather than locomotion per se. Here, we review the literature that links MSDB, theta activity, and locomotion and propose open questions, future directions, and methods that could be employed to elucidate the diverse roles of the MSDB-associated networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Mocellin
- Department of Cellular Neuroscience, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
- International Max Planck Research School for Brain and Behavior, Bonn, Germany
| | - Sanja Mikulovic
- Research Group Cognition and Emotion, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
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26
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Altered Emotional Phenotypes in Chronic Kidney Disease Following 5/6 Nephrectomy. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11070882. [PMID: 34209259 PMCID: PMC8301795 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11070882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and neurological disorders including cerebrovascular disease, cognitive impairment, peripheral neuropathy, and dysfunction of central nervous system have been reported during the natural history of CKD. Psychological distress and depression are serious concerns in patients with CKD. However, the relevance of CKD due to decline in renal function and the pathophysiology of emotional deterioration is not clear. Male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into three groups: sham control, 5/6 nephrectomy at 4 weeks, and 5/6 nephrectomy at 10 weeks. Behavior tests, local field potentials, and histology and laboratory tests were conducted and investigated. We provided direct evidence showing that CKD rat models exhibited anxiogenic behaviors and depression-like phenotypes, along with altered hippocampal neural oscillations at 1–12 Hz. We generated CKD rat models by performing 5/6 nephrectomy, and identified higher level of serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) in CKD rats than in wild-type, depending on time. In addition, the level of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and collagen I for renal tissue was markedly elevated, with worsening fibrosis due to renal failures. The level of anxiety and depression-like behaviors increased in the 10-week CKD rat models compared with the 4-week rat models. In the recording of local field potentials, the power of delta (1–4 Hz), theta (4–7 Hz), and alpha rhythm (7–12 Hz) was significantly increased in the hippocampus of CKD rats compared with wild-type rats. Together, our findings indicated that anxiogenic behaviors and depression can be induced by CKD, and these abnormal symptoms can be worsened as the onset of CKD was prolonged. In conclusion, our results show that the hippocampus is vulnerable to uremia.
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27
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Tan LL, Oswald MJ, Kuner R. Neurobiology of brain oscillations in acute and chronic pain. Trends Neurosci 2021; 44:629-642. [PMID: 34176645 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2021.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Pain is a complex perceptual phenomenon. Coordinated activity among local and distant brain networks is a central element of the neural underpinnings of pain. Brain oscillatory rhythms across diverse frequency ranges provide a functional substrate for coordinating activity across local neuronal ensembles and anatomically distant brain areas in pain networks. This review addresses parallels between insights from human and rodent analyses of oscillatory rhythms in acute and chronic pain and discusses recent rodent-based studies that have shed light on mechanistic underpinnings of brain oscillatory dynamics in pain-related behaviors. We highlight the potential for therapeutic modulation of oscillatory rhythms, and identify outstanding questions and challenges to be addressed in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linette Liqi Tan
- Institute of Pharmacology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 366, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Manfred Josef Oswald
- Institute of Pharmacology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 366, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rohini Kuner
- Institute of Pharmacology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 366, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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28
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Potrebić M, Pavković Ž, Lončarević-Vasiljković N, Kanazir S, Pešić V. Altered hedonic, novelty-, stress- and D-amphetamine-induced response due to social isolation in peripuberty. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2021; 108:110186. [PMID: 33238164 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.110186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Reduction in direct social contact with peers during early adolescence is thought to be a risk factor for an increase in depressive symptoms, but there is still no clear evidence to suggest early behavioral manifestations and their association with the later outcome of social distancing during this period. To address this question, we used social isolation paradigm in peripubertal rats as the rodent model of adolescence. The litter was an experimental unit. On postnatal day 29, each litter gave group-housed and single-housed males, which were reared and tested one week and two weeks thereafter. Psychomotor/emotional response to novelty in exploration-based tasks, behavioral and neuronal responses to the drug reward (D-amphetamine), motivation/hedonic behavior, physiological and response to physiological stress were examined. Social isolation in peripubertal rats manifested through: hyper-reactivity/agitation and the state anxiety/risk-taking at an early stage; reduced behavioral response to D-amphetamine and altered neural processing of this stimulus, at a later stage; consummatory hypohedonia that deepened over time without changing the motivation to eat; unchanged body weight gain and resting blood corticosterone, cortisol and glucose levels over time; altered blood biochemistry (silenced corticosterone and increased glucose) due to overnight fasting only at an early stage. Our results highlight that the outcome of reduced direct social contact with peers during peripuberty is dynamic, with the cluster of atypical early symptoms that evolve into the syndrome that is delicate for assessment through routinely measurable behavior and biomarkers of stress, but with progressive consummatory hypohedonia and unaffected motivation to eat as stable marks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milica Potrebić
- Department of Neurobiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" - National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Despota Stefana Blvd. 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Željko Pavković
- Department of Neurobiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" - National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Despota Stefana Blvd. 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nataša Lončarević-Vasiljković
- Department of Neurobiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" - National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Despota Stefana Blvd. 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Selma Kanazir
- Department of Neurobiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" - National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Despota Stefana Blvd. 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vesna Pešić
- Department of Neurobiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" - National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Despota Stefana Blvd. 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia.
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29
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Affective empathy and prosocial behavior in rodents. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2021; 68:181-189. [PMID: 34091136 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2021.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Empathy is an essential function for humans as social animals. Emotional contagion, the basic form of afffective empathy, comprises the cognitive process of perceiving and sharing the affective state of others. The observational fear assay, an animal model of emotional contagion, has enabled researchers to undertake molecular, cellular, and circuit mechanism of this behavior. Such studies have revealed that observational fear is mediated through neural circuits involved in processing the affective dimension of direct pain experiences. A mouse can also respond to milder social stimuli induced by either positive or negative emotional changes in another mouse, which seems not dependent on the affective pain circuits. Further studies should explore how different neural circuits contribute to integrating different dimensions of affective empathy.
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30
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An S, Sun H, Wu M, Xie D, Hu SW, Ding HL, Cao JL. Medial septum glutamatergic neurons control wakefulness through a septo-hypothalamic circuit. Curr Biol 2021; 31:1379-1392.e4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2021.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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31
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Nuñez A, Buño W. The Theta Rhythm of the Hippocampus: From Neuronal and Circuit Mechanisms to Behavior. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:649262. [PMID: 33746716 PMCID: PMC7970048 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.649262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This review focuses on the neuronal and circuit mechanisms involved in the generation of the theta (θ) rhythm and of its participation in behavior. Data have accumulated indicating that θ arises from interactions between medial septum-diagonal band of Broca (MS-DbB) and intra-hippocampal circuits. The intrinsic properties of MS-DbB and hippocampal neurons have also been shown to play a key role in θ generation. A growing number of studies suggest that θ may represent a timing mechanism to temporally organize movement sequences, memory encoding, or planned trajectories for spatial navigation. To accomplish those functions, θ and gamma (γ) oscillations interact during the awake state and REM sleep, which are considered to be critical for learning and memory processes. Further, we discuss that the loss of this interaction is at the base of various neurophatological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel Nuñez
- Departamento de Anatomía, Histología y Neurociencia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Washington Buño
- Instituto Cajal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Madrid, Spain
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32
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Wang Y, Shen Y, Cai X, Yu J, Chen C, Tan B, Tan N, Cheng H, Fan X, Wu X, Liu J, Wang S, Wang Y, Chen Z. Deep brain stimulation in the medial septum attenuates temporal lobe epilepsy via entrainment of hippocampal theta rhythm. CNS Neurosci Ther 2021; 27:577-586. [PMID: 33502829 PMCID: PMC8025637 DOI: 10.1111/cns.13617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), often associated with cognitive impairment, is one of the most common types of medically refractory epilepsy. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) shows considerable promise for the treatment of TLE. However, the optimal stimulation targets and parameters of DBS to control seizures and related cognitive impairment are still not fully illustrated. Methods In the present study, we evaluated the therapeutic potential of DBS in the medial septum (MS) on seizures and cognitive function in mouse acute and chronic epilepsy models. Results We found that DBS in the MS alleviated the severity of seizure activities in both kainic acid‐induced acute seizure model and hippocampal‐kindled epilepsy model. DBS showed antiseizure effects with a wide window of effective stimulation frequencies. The antiseizure effects of DBS were mediated by the hippocampal theta rhythm, as atropine, which reversed the DBS‐induced augmentation of the hippocampal theta oscillation, abolished the antiseizure effects of DBS. Further, in the kainic acid‐induced chronic TLE model, DBS in the MS not only reduced spontaneous seizures, but also improved behavioral performance in novel object recognition. Conclusion DBS in the MS is a promising approach to attenuate TLE probably through entrainment of the hippocampal theta rhythm, which may be therapeutically significant for refractory TLE treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yating Shen
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xianhui Cai
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Yu
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cong Chen
- Epilepsy Center, School of Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bei Tan
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Na Tan
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Heming Cheng
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiang Fan
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohua Wu
- Epilepsy Center, School of Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinggen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Epilepsy Center, School of Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Epilepsy Center, School of Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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33
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Horii-Hayashi N, Nomoto K, Endo N, Yamanaka A, Kikusui T, Nishi M. Hypothalamic perifornical Urocortin-3 neurons modulate defensive responses to a potential threat stimulus. iScience 2021; 24:101908. [PMID: 33385113 PMCID: PMC7770982 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Defensive behaviors are evolved responses to threat stimuli, and a potential threat elicits risk assessment (RA) behavior. However, neural mechanisms underlying RA behavior are hardly understood. Urocortin-3 (Ucn3) is a member of corticotropin-releasing factor peptide family and here, we report that Ucn3 neurons in the hypothalamic perifornical area (PeFA) are involved in RA of a novel object, a potential threat stimulus, in mice. Histological and in vivo fiber photometry studies revealed that the activity of PeFA Ucn3 neurons was associated with novel object investigation involving the stretch-attend posture, a behavioral marker for RA. Chemogenetic activation of these neurons increased RA and burying behaviors toward a novel object without affecting anxiety and corticosterone levels. Ablation of these neurons caused the abnormal behaviors of gnawing and direct contacts with novel objects, especially in a home-cage. These results suggest that PeFA Ucn3 neurons modulate defensive responses to a potential threat stimulus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriko Horii-Hayashi
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 643-8521, Japan
| | - Kensaku Nomoto
- Companion Animal Research Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252–5201, Japan
- Department of Physiology, Dokkyo Medical University, Mibu, Tochigi, 321-0293, Japan
| | - Nozomi Endo
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 643-8521, Japan
| | - Akihiro Yamanaka
- Department of Neuroscience II, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Takefumi Kikusui
- Companion Animal Research Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252–5201, Japan
| | - Mayumi Nishi
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 643-8521, Japan
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34
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Arshaad MI, Siwek ME, Henseler C, Daubner J, Ehninger D, Hescheler J, Sachinidis A, Broich K, Papazoglou A, Weiergräber M. Enhanced hippocampal type II theta activity AND altered theta architecture in mice lacking the Ca v3.2 T-type voltage-gated calcium channel. Sci Rep 2021; 11:1099. [PMID: 33441788 PMCID: PMC7806756 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79763-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
T-type Ca2+ channels are assumed to contribute to hippocampal theta oscillations. We used implantable video-EEG radiotelemetry and qPCR to unravel the role of Cav3.2 Ca2+ channels in hippocampal theta genesis. Frequency analysis of spontaneous long-term recordings in controls and Cav3.2-/- mice revealed robust increase in relative power in the theta (4-8 Hz) and theta-alpha (4-12 Hz) ranges, which was most prominent during the inactive stages of the dark cycles. Urethane injection experiments also showed enhanced type II theta activity and altered theta architecture following Cav3.2 ablation. Next, gene candidates from hippocampal transcriptome analysis of control and Cav3.2-/- mice were evaluated using qPCR. Dynein light chain Tctex-Type 1 (Dynlt1b) was significantly reduced in Cav3.2-/- mice. Furthermore, a significant reduction of GABA A receptor δ subunits and GABA B1 receptor subunits was observed in the septohippocampal GABAergic system. Our results demonstrate that ablation of Cav3.2 significantly alters type II theta activity and theta architecture. Transcriptional changes in synaptic transporter proteins and GABA receptors might be functionally linked to the electrophysiological phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Imran Arshaad
- Experimental Neuropsychopharmacology, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte, BfArM), Kurt-Georg-Kiesinger-Allee 3, 53175, Bonn, Germany
| | - Magdalena Elisabeth Siwek
- Experimental Neuropsychopharmacology, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte, BfArM), Kurt-Georg-Kiesinger-Allee 3, 53175, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christina Henseler
- Experimental Neuropsychopharmacology, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte, BfArM), Kurt-Georg-Kiesinger-Allee 3, 53175, Bonn, Germany
| | - Johanna Daubner
- Experimental Neuropsychopharmacology, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte, BfArM), Kurt-Georg-Kiesinger-Allee 3, 53175, Bonn, Germany
| | - Dan Ehninger
- Molecular and Cellular Cognition, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen, DZNE), Sigmund-Freud-Str. 27, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jürgen Hescheler
- Institute of Neurophysiology, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine, Robert-Koch-Str. 39, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Agapios Sachinidis
- Institute of Neurophysiology, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine, Robert-Koch-Str. 39, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Karl Broich
- Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte, BfArM), Kurt-Georg-Kiesinger-Allee 3, 53175, Bonn, Germany
| | - Anna Papazoglou
- Experimental Neuropsychopharmacology, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte, BfArM), Kurt-Georg-Kiesinger-Allee 3, 53175, Bonn, Germany
| | - Marco Weiergräber
- Experimental Neuropsychopharmacology, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte, BfArM), Kurt-Georg-Kiesinger-Allee 3, 53175, Bonn, Germany.
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35
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Matsuo K, Yabuki Y, Melki R, Bousset L, Owada Y, Fukunaga K. Crucial Role of FABP3 in αSyn-Induced Reduction of Septal GABAergic Neurons and Cognitive Decline in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:E400. [PMID: 33401521 PMCID: PMC7795765 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In synucleinopathies, while motor symptoms are thought to be attributed to the accumulation of misfolded α-synuclein (αSyn) in nigral dopaminergic neurons, it remains to be elucidated how cognitive decline arises. Here, we investigated the effects of distinct αSyn strains on cognition and the related neuropathology in the medial septum/diagonal band (MS/DB), a key region for cognitive processing. Bilateral injection of αSyn fibrils into the dorsal striatum potently impaired cognition in mice. The cognitive decline was accompanied by accumulation of phosphorylated αSyn at Ser129 and reduction of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-ergic but not cholinergic neurons in the MS/DB. Since we have demonstrated that fatty acid-binding protein 3 (FABP3) is critical for αSyn neurotoxicity in nigral dopaminergic neurons, we investigated whether FABP3 also participates in αSyn pathology in the MS/DB and cognitive decline. FABP3 was highly expressed in GABAergic but rarely in cholinergic neurons in the MS/DB. Notably, Fabp3 deletion antagonized the accumulation of phosphorylated αSyn, decrease in GABAergic neurons, and cognitive impairment caused by αSyn fibrils. Overall, the present study indicates that FABP3 mediates αSyn neurotoxicity in septal GABAergic neurons and the resultant cognitive impairment, and that FABP3 in this subpopulation could be a therapeutic target for dementia in synucleinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuya Matsuo
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan; (K.M.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Yasushi Yabuki
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan; (K.M.); (Y.Y.)
- Department of Genomic Neurology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Ronald Melki
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, CEA, Institut François Jacob (MIRcen) and CNRS, 18 Route du Panorama, 92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; (R.M.); (L.B.)
| | - Luc Bousset
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, CEA, Institut François Jacob (MIRcen) and CNRS, 18 Route du Panorama, 92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; (R.M.); (L.B.)
| | - Yuji Owada
- Department of Organ Anatomy, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-0872, Japan;
| | - Kohji Fukunaga
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan; (K.M.); (Y.Y.)
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36
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Melzer S, Monyer H. Diversity and function of corticopetal and corticofugal GABAergic projection neurons. Nat Rev Neurosci 2020; 21:499-515. [PMID: 32747763 DOI: 10.1038/s41583-020-0344-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
It is still widely thought that cortical projections to distant brain areas derive by and large from glutamatergic neurons. However, an increasing number of reports provide evidence that cortical GABAergic neurons comprise a smaller population of 'projection neurons' in addition to the well-known and much-studied interneurons. GABAergic long-range axons that derive from, or project to, cortical areas are thought to entrain distant brain areas for efficient information transfer and processing. Research conducted over the past 10 years has revealed that cortical GABAergic projection neurons are highly diverse in terms of molecular marker expression, synaptic targeting (identity of targeted cell types), activity pattern during distinct behavioural states and precise temporal recruitment relative to ongoing neuronal network oscillations. As GABAergic projection neurons connect many cortical areas unidirectionally or bidirectionally, it is safe to assume that they participate in the modulation of a whole series of behavioural and cognitive functions. We expect future research to examine how long-range GABAergic projections fine-tune activity in distinct distant networks and how their recruitment alters the behaviours that are supported by these networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Melzer
- Department of Neurobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Hannah Monyer
- Department of Clinical Neurobiology of the Medical Faculty of Heidelberg University and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
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37
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Szőnyi A, Zichó K, Barth AM, Gönczi RT, Schlingloff D, Török B, Sipos E, Major A, Bardóczi Z, Sos KE, Gulyás AI, Varga V, Zelena D, Freund TF, Nyiri G. Median raphe controls acquisition of negative experience in the mouse. Science 2020; 366:366/6469/eaay8746. [PMID: 31780530 DOI: 10.1126/science.aay8746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Adverse events need to be quickly evaluated and memorized, yet how these processes are coordinated is poorly understood. We discovered a large population of excitatory neurons in mouse median raphe region (MRR) expressing vesicular glutamate transporter 2 (vGluT2) that received inputs from several negative experience-related brain centers, projected to the main aversion centers, and activated the septohippocampal system pivotal for learning of adverse events. These neurons were selectively activated by aversive but not rewarding stimuli. Their stimulation induced place aversion, aggression, depression-related anhedonia, and suppression of reward-seeking behavior and memory acquisition-promoting hippocampal theta oscillations. By contrast, their suppression impaired both contextual and cued fear memory formation. These results suggest that MRR vGluT2 neurons are crucial for the acquisition of negative experiences and may play a central role in depression-related mood disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- András Szőnyi
- Laboratory of Cerebral Cortex Research, Department of Cellular and Network Neurobiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Krisztián Zichó
- Laboratory of Cerebral Cortex Research, Department of Cellular and Network Neurobiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Albert M Barth
- Laboratory of Cerebral Cortex Research, Department of Cellular and Network Neurobiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Roland T Gönczi
- Laboratory of Cerebral Cortex Research, Department of Cellular and Network Neurobiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dániel Schlingloff
- Laboratory of Cerebral Cortex Research, Department of Cellular and Network Neurobiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary.,János Szentágothai Doctoral School of Neurosciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bibiána Török
- János Szentágothai Doctoral School of Neurosciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,Laboratory of Behavioral and Stress Studies, Department of Behavioral Neurobiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Eszter Sipos
- Laboratory of Behavioral and Stress Studies, Department of Behavioral Neurobiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Abel Major
- Laboratory of Cerebral Cortex Research, Department of Cellular and Network Neurobiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Bardóczi
- Laboratory of Cerebral Cortex Research, Department of Cellular and Network Neurobiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Katalin E Sos
- Laboratory of Cerebral Cortex Research, Department of Cellular and Network Neurobiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary.,János Szentágothai Doctoral School of Neurosciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Attila I Gulyás
- Laboratory of Cerebral Cortex Research, Department of Cellular and Network Neurobiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Viktor Varga
- Laboratory of Cerebral Cortex Research, Department of Cellular and Network Neurobiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dóra Zelena
- Laboratory of Behavioral and Stress Studies, Department of Behavioral Neurobiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamás F Freund
- Laboratory of Cerebral Cortex Research, Department of Cellular and Network Neurobiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Nyiri
- Laboratory of Cerebral Cortex Research, Department of Cellular and Network Neurobiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary.
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38
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Doucet G, Gulli RA, Corrigan BW, Duong LR, Martinez-Trujillo JC. Modulation of local field potentials and neuronal activity in primate hippocampus during saccades. Hippocampus 2019; 30:192-209. [PMID: 31339193 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.23140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Primates use saccades to gather information about objects and their relative spatial arrangement, a process essential for visual perception and memory. It has been proposed that signals linked to saccades reset the phase of local field potential (LFP) oscillations in the hippocampus, providing a temporal window for visual signals to activate neurons in this region and influence memory formation. We investigated this issue by measuring hippocampal LFPs and spikes in two macaques performing different tasks with unconstrained eye movements. We found that LFP phase clustering (PC) in the alpha/beta (8-16 Hz) frequencies followed foveation onsets, while PC in frequencies lower than 8 Hz followed spontaneous saccades, even on a homogeneous background. Saccades to a solid grey background were not followed by increases in local neuronal firing, whereas saccades toward appearing visual stimuli were. Finally, saccade parameters correlated with LFPs phase and amplitude: saccade direction correlated with delta (≤4 Hz) phase, and saccade amplitude with theta (4-8 Hz) power. Our results suggest that signals linked to saccades reach the hippocampus, producing synchronization of delta/theta LFPs without a general activation of local neurons. Moreover, some visual inputs co-occurring with saccades produce LFP synchronization in the alpha/beta bands and elevated neuronal firing. Our findings support the hypothesis that saccade-related signals enact sensory input-dependent plasticity and therefore memory formation in the primate hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Doucet
- The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.,Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Roberto A Gulli
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.,Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.,Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Benjamin W Corrigan
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.,Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lyndon R Duong
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.,Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.,Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, New York
| | - Julio C Martinez-Trujillo
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.,Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.,Brain and Mind Institute, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
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39
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Park SE, Laxpati NG, Gutekunst CA, Connolly MJ, Tung J, Berglund K, Mahmoudi B, Gross RE. A Machine Learning Approach to Characterize the Modulation of the Hippocampal Rhythms Via Optogenetic Stimulation of the Medial Septum. Int J Neural Syst 2019; 29:1950020. [PMID: 31505977 DOI: 10.1142/s0129065719500205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The medial septum (MS) is a potential target for modulating hippocampal activity. However, given the multiple cell types involved, the changes in hippocampal neural activity induced by MS stimulation have not yet been fully characterized. We combined MS optogenetic stimulation with local field potential (LFP) recordings from the hippocampus and leveraged machine learning techniques to explore how activating or inhibiting multiple MS neuronal subpopulations using different optical stimulation parameters affects hippocampal LFP biomarkers. First, of the seven different optogenetic viral vectors used for modulating different neuronal subpopulations, only two induced a substantial change in hippocampal LFP. Second, we found hippocampal low-gamma band to be most effectively modulated by the stimulation. Third, the hippocampal biomarkers were sensitive to the optogenetic virus type and the stimulation frequency, establishing those parameters as the critical ones for the regulation of hippocampal biomarker activity. Last, we built a Gaussian process regression model to describe the relationship between stimulation parameters and activity of the biomarker as well as to identify the optimal parameters for biomarker modulation. This new machine learning approach can further our understanding of the effects of neural stimulation and guide the selection of optimal parameters for neural control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Eon Park
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Nealen G Laxpati
- Department of Neurosurgery, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | | | - Mark J Connolly
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Jack Tung
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Ken Berglund
- Department of Neurosurgery, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Babak Mahmoudi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.,Department of Biomedical Informatics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Robert E Gross
- Department of Neurosurgery, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.,Department of Neurology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
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40
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Szőnyi A, Sos KE, Nyilas R, Schlingloff D, Domonkos A, Takács VT, Pósfai B, Hegedüs P, Priestley JB, Gundlach AL, Gulyás AI, Varga V, Losonczy A, Freund TF, Nyiri G. Brainstem nucleus incertus controls contextual memory formation. Science 2019; 364:eaaw0445. [PMID: 31123108 PMCID: PMC7210779 DOI: 10.1126/science.aaw0445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Hippocampal pyramidal cells encode memory engrams, which guide adaptive behavior. Selection of engram-forming cells is regulated by somatostatin-positive dendrite-targeting interneurons, which inhibit pyramidal cells that are not required for memory formation. Here, we found that γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-releasing neurons of the mouse nucleus incertus (NI) selectively inhibit somatostatin-positive interneurons in the hippocampus, both monosynaptically and indirectly through the inhibition of their subcortical excitatory inputs. We demonstrated that NI GABAergic neurons receive monosynaptic inputs from brain areas processing important environmental information, and their hippocampal projections are strongly activated by salient environmental inputs in vivo. Optogenetic manipulations of NI GABAergic neurons can shift hippocampal network state and bidirectionally modify the strength of contextual fear memory formation. Our results indicate that brainstem NI GABAergic cells are essential for controlling contextual memories.
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Affiliation(s)
- András Szőnyi
- Laboratory of Cerebral Cortex Research, Department of Cellular and Network Neurobiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
- János Szentágothai Doctoral School of Neurosciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Katalin E Sos
- Laboratory of Cerebral Cortex Research, Department of Cellular and Network Neurobiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
- János Szentágothai Doctoral School of Neurosciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Rita Nyilas
- Department of Neuroscience, Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Kavli Institute for Brain Science, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dániel Schlingloff
- Laboratory of Cerebral Cortex Research, Department of Cellular and Network Neurobiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
- János Szentágothai Doctoral School of Neurosciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Andor Domonkos
- Laboratory of Cerebral Cortex Research, Department of Cellular and Network Neurobiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Virág T Takács
- Laboratory of Cerebral Cortex Research, Department of Cellular and Network Neurobiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Balázs Pósfai
- Laboratory of Cerebral Cortex Research, Department of Cellular and Network Neurobiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
- János Szentágothai Doctoral School of Neurosciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Panna Hegedüs
- Laboratory of Cerebral Cortex Research, Department of Cellular and Network Neurobiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
- János Szentágothai Doctoral School of Neurosciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - James B Priestley
- Department of Neuroscience, Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Kavli Institute for Brain Science, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andrew L Gundlach
- Peptide Neurobiology Laboratory, The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Attila I Gulyás
- Laboratory of Cerebral Cortex Research, Department of Cellular and Network Neurobiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Viktor Varga
- Laboratory of Cerebral Cortex Research, Department of Cellular and Network Neurobiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Attila Losonczy
- Department of Neuroscience, Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Kavli Institute for Brain Science, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tamás F Freund
- Laboratory of Cerebral Cortex Research, Department of Cellular and Network Neurobiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Nyiri
- Laboratory of Cerebral Cortex Research, Department of Cellular and Network Neurobiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary.
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41
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Haidar M, Tin K, Zhang C, Nategh M, Covita J, Wykes AD, Rogers J, Gundlach AL. Septal GABA and Glutamate Neurons Express RXFP3 mRNA and Depletion of Septal RXFP3 Impaired Spatial Search Strategy and Long-Term Reference Memory in Adult Mice. Front Neuroanat 2019; 13:30. [PMID: 30906254 PMCID: PMC6419585 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2019.00030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Relaxin-3 is a highly conserved neuropeptide abundantly expressed in neurons of the nucleus incertus (NI), which project to nodes of the septohippocampal system (SHS) including the medial septum/diagonal band of Broca (MS/DB) and dorsal hippocampus, as well as to limbic circuits. High densities of the Gi/o-protein-coupled receptor for relaxin-3, known as relaxin-family peptide-3 receptor (RXFP3) are expressed throughout the SHS, further suggesting a role for relaxin-3/RXFP3 signaling in modulating learning and memory processes that occur within these networks. Therefore, this study sought to gain further anatomical and functional insights into relaxin-3/RXFP3 signaling in the mouse MS/DB. Using Cre/LoxP recombination methods, we assessed locomotion, exploratory behavior, and spatial learning and long-term reference memory in adult C57BL/6J Rxfp3 loxP/loxP mice with targeted depletion of Rxfp3 in the MS/DB. Following prior injection of an AAV(1/2)-Cre-IRES-eGFP vector into the MS/DB to delete/deplete Rxfp3 mRNA/RXFP3 protein, mice tested in a Morris water maze (MWM) displayed an impairment in allocentric spatial learning during acquisition, as well as an impairment in long-term reference memory on probe day. However, RXFP3-depleted and control mice displayed similar motor activity in a locomotor cell and exploratory behavior in a large open-field (LOF) test. A quantitative characterization using multiplex, fluorescent in situ hybridization (ISH) identified a high level of co-localization of Rxfp3 mRNA and vesicular GABA transporter (vGAT) mRNA in MS and DB neurons (~87% and ~95% co-expression, respectively). Rxfp3 mRNA was also detected, to a correspondingly lesser extent, in vesicular glutamate transporter 2 (vGlut2) mRNA-containing neurons in MS and DB (~13% and ~5% co-expression, respectively). Similarly, a qualitative assessment of the MS/DB region, identified Rxfp3 mRNA in neurons that expressed parvalbumin (PV) mRNA (reflecting hippocampally-projecting GABA neurons), whereas choline acetyltransferase mRNA-positive (acetylcholine) neurons lacked Rxfp3 mRNA. These data are consistent with a qualitative immunohistochemical analysis that revealed relaxin-3-immunoreactive nerve fibers in close apposition with PV-immunoreactive neurons in the MS/DB. Together these studies suggest relaxin-3/RXFP3 signaling in the MS/DB plays a role in modulating specific learning and long-term memory associated behaviors in adult mice via effects on GABAergic neuron populations known for their involvement in modulating hippocampal theta rhythm and associated cognitive processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mouna Haidar
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Kimberly Tin
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Cary Zhang
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Mohsen Nategh
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - João Covita
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Alexander D. Wykes
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Jake Rogers
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew L. Gundlach
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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42
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Noninvasive optical activation of Flp recombinase for genetic manipulation in deep mouse brain regions. Nat Commun 2019; 10:314. [PMID: 30659191 PMCID: PMC6338782 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-08282-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Spatiotemporal control of gene expression or labeling is a valuable strategy for identifying functions of genes within complex neural circuits. Here, we develop a highly light-sensitive and efficient photoactivatable Flp recombinase (PA-Flp) that is suitable for genetic manipulation in vivo. The highly light-sensitive property of PA-Flp is ideal for activation in deep mouse brain regions by illumination with a noninvasive light-emitting diode. In addition, PA-Flp can be extended to the Cre-lox system through a viral vector as Flp-dependent Cre expression platform, thereby activating both Flp and Cre. Finally, we demonstrate that PA-Flp–dependent, Cre-mediated Cav3.1 silencing in the medial septum increases object-exploration behavior in mice. Thus, PA-Flp is a noninvasive, highly efficient, and easy-to-use optogenetic module that offers a side-effect-free and expandable genetic manipulation tool for neuroscience research. Most approaches to control gene expression in vivo require generation of knock-in mouse lines and often lack spatiotemporal control. Here the authors develop a photo-activatable Flp recombinase system and demonstrate its use by controlling object-exploration behavior in mice through Cav3.1 silencing.
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43
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Çalışkan G, Stork O. Hippocampal network oscillations at the interplay between innate anxiety and learned fear. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2019; 236:321-338. [PMID: 30417233 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-018-5109-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The hippocampus plays a central role as a hub for episodic memory and as an integrator of multimodal sensory information in time and space. Thereby, it critically determines contextual setting and specificity of episodic memories. It is also a key site for the control of innate anxiety states and involved in psychiatric diseases with heightened anxiety and generalized fear memory such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Expression of both innate "unlearned" anxiety and "learned" fear requires contextual processing and engagement of a brain-wide network including the hippocampus together with the amygdala and medial prefrontal cortex. Strikingly, the hippocampus is also the site of emergence of oscillatory rhythms that coordinate information processing and filtering in this network. Here, we review data on how the hippocampal network oscillations and their coordination with amygdalar and prefrontal oscillations are engaged in innate threat evaluation. We further explore how such innate oscillatory communication might have an impact on contextualization and specificity of "learned" fear. We illustrate the partial overlap of fear and anxiety networks that are built by the hippocampus in conjunction with amygdala and prefrontal cortex. We further propose that (mal)-adaptive interplay via (dis)-balanced oscillatory communication between the anxiety network and the fear network may determine the strength of fear memories and their resistance to extinction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gürsel Çalışkan
- Department of Genetics & Molecular Neurobiology, Institute of Biology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany. .,Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106, Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - Oliver Stork
- Department of Genetics & Molecular Neurobiology, Institute of Biology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany.,Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106, Magdeburg, Germany
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44
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Lévesque M, Avoli M. Carbachol-Induced theta-like oscillations in the rodent brain limbic system: Underlying mechanisms and significance. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2018; 95:406-420. [PMID: 30381251 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Theta oscillations (4-12 Hz) represent one of the most prominent physiological oscillatory activity in the mammalian EEG. They are observed in several areas of the hippocampus and in parahippocampal structures. Theta oscillations play important roles in modulating synaptic plasticity during memory and learning; moreover, they are dependent on septal cholinergic inputs. Theta oscillations can be reproduced in vitro in several regions of the temporal lobe in the absence of the septum by employing the cholinergic agonist carbachol (CCh). Here, we review the mechanisms underlying CCh-induced theta oscillations. We address: (i) the ability of temporal lobe neuronal networks to oscillate independently at theta frequency during CCh treatment; (ii) the contribution of intrinsic ionic currents; (iii) the participation of principal cells and interneurons; and (iv) their pharmacological profiles. We also discuss the similarities between CCh-induced theta oscillations and physiological type II theta activity, as well as their roles in synaptic plasticity. Finally, we consider experimental evidence pointing to the contribution of spontaneous and CCh-induced theta activity to epileptiform synchronization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Lévesque
- Montreal Neurological Institute and Departments of Neurology & Neurosurgery, and of Physiology, McGill University, 3801 University Street, Montréal, PQ, H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Massimo Avoli
- Montreal Neurological Institute and Departments of Neurology & Neurosurgery, and of Physiology, McGill University, 3801 University Street, Montréal, PQ, H3A 2B4, Canada; Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
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45
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Sakimoto Y, Sakata S. The role of the hippocampal theta rhythm in non-spatial discrimination and associative learning task. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2018; 110:92-99. [PMID: 30261198 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The configural association theory and the conflict resolution model propose that hippocampal function is involved in learning negative patterning tasks (A+, B+, AB-). The first theory suggests a critical role of the hippocampus in the formation of configural representations of compound stimuli, in which stimuli A and B are presented simultaneously. The second theory hypothesizes that the hippocampus is important for inhibiting the response to a stimulus that is in conflict with response tendencies. Although these theories propose different interpretations of the link between hippocampal function and non-spatial discrimination tasks, they both predict that the hippocampus is involved in the information processing of compound stimuli in negative patterning tasks. Recently, our electrophysiological approach has shown that the hippocampal theta power correlate with response inhibition in a negative patterning task, positive patterning, simultaneous/serial feature negative task. These findings provide strong support for the assumption of the conflict resolution model that the role of the hippocampus in learning is to inhibit responses to conflicting stimuli during non-spatial stimulus discrimination tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuya Sakimoto
- Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube, 755-8505, Japan.
| | - Shogo Sakata
- Department of Behavioral Sciences, Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8521, Japan.
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46
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Solari N, Hangya B. Cholinergic modulation of spatial learning, memory and navigation. Eur J Neurosci 2018; 48:2199-2230. [PMID: 30055067 PMCID: PMC6174978 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.14089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Spatial learning, including encoding and retrieval of spatial memories as well as holding spatial information in working memory generally serving navigation under a broad range of circumstances, relies on a network of structures. While central to this network are medial temporal lobe structures with a widely appreciated crucial function of the hippocampus, neocortical areas such as the posterior parietal cortex and the retrosplenial cortex also play essential roles. Since the hippocampus receives its main subcortical input from the medial septum of the basal forebrain (BF) cholinergic system, it is not surprising that the potential role of the septo-hippocampal pathway in spatial navigation has been investigated in many studies. Much less is known of the involvement in spatial cognition of the parallel projection system linking the posterior BF with neocortical areas. Here we review the current state of the art of the division of labour within this complex 'navigation system', with special focus on how subcortical cholinergic inputs may regulate various aspects of spatial learning, memory and navigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Solari
- Lendület Laboratory of Systems NeuroscienceDepartment of Cellular and Network NeurobiologyInstitute of Experimental MedicineHungarian Academy of SciencesBudapestHungary
| | - Balázs Hangya
- Lendület Laboratory of Systems NeuroscienceDepartment of Cellular and Network NeurobiologyInstitute of Experimental MedicineHungarian Academy of SciencesBudapestHungary
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47
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Target selectivity of septal cholinergic neurons in the medial and lateral entorhinal cortex. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:E2644-E2652. [PMID: 29487212 PMCID: PMC5856533 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1716531115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Acetylcholine is a key modulator of hippocampal and entorhinal cortex (EC) function. The majority of cholinergic projections targeting these structures originate in the basal forebrain complex, specifically the medial septum. Many studies focused on the behavioral effects involving these projections, but there still is a paucity regarding their connectivity in the target area. Here we provide this missing link. By combining optogenetics with whole-cell recordings in superficial EC layers, we identified the synaptic target cells of septal cholinergic neurons. This level of analysis is an important step toward a better understanding of the modulatory action of acetylcholine in EC in vivo. The entorhinal cortex (EC) plays a pivotal role in processing and conveying spatial information to the hippocampus. It has long been known that EC neurons are modulated by cholinergic input from the medial septum. However, little is known as to how synaptic release of acetylcholine affects the different cell types in EC. Here we combined optogenetics and patch-clamp recordings to study the effect of cholinergic axon stimulation on distinct neurons in EC. We found dense cholinergic innervations that terminate in layer I and II (LI and LII). Light-activated stimulation of septal cholinergic projections revealed differential responses in excitatory and inhibitory neurons in LI and LII of both medial and lateral EC. We observed depolarizing responses mediated by nicotinic and muscarinic receptors primarily in putative serotonin receptor (p5HT3R)-expressing interneurons. Hyperpolarizing muscarinic receptor-mediated responses were found predominantly in excitatory cells. Additionally, some excitatory as well as a higher fraction of inhibitory neurons received mono- and/or polysynaptic GABAergic inputs, revealing that medial septum cholinergic neurons have the capacity to corelease GABA alongside acetylcholine. Notably, the synaptic effects of acetylcholine were similar in neurons of both medial and lateral EC. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that EC activity may be differentially modulated via the activation or the suppression of distinct subsets of LI and LII neurons by the septal cholinergic system.
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48
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Çalışkan G, Stork O. Hippocampal network oscillations as mediators of behavioural metaplasticity: Insights from emotional learning. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2018; 154:37-53. [PMID: 29476822 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2018.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Behavioural metaplasticity is evident in experience-dependent changes of network activity patterns in neuronal circuits that connect the hippocampus, amygdala and medial prefrontal cortex. These limbic regions are key structures of a brain-wide neural network that translates emotionally salient events into persistent and vivid memories. Communication in this network by-and-large depends on behavioural state-dependent rhythmic network activity patterns that are typically generated and/or relayed via the hippocampus. In fact, specific hippocampal network oscillations have been implicated to the acquisition, consolidation and retrieval, as well as the reconsolidation and extinction of emotional memories. The hippocampal circuits that contribute to these network activities, at the same time, are subject to both Hebbian and non-Hebbian forms of plasticity during memory formation. Further, it has become evident that adaptive changes in the hippocampus-dependent network activity patterns provide an important means of adjusting synaptic plasticity. We here summarise our current knowledge on how these processes in the hippocampus in interaction with amygdala and medial prefrontal cortex mediate the formation and persistence of emotional memories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gürsel Çalışkan
- Department of Genetics & Molecular Neurobiology, Institute of Biology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - Oliver Stork
- Department of Genetics & Molecular Neurobiology, Institute of Biology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
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49
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Albert-Gascó H, Ma S, Ros-Bernal F, Sánchez-Pérez AM, Gundlach AL, Olucha-Bordonau FE. GABAergic Neurons in the Rat Medial Septal Complex Express Relaxin-3 Receptor (RXFP3) mRNA. Front Neuroanat 2018; 11:133. [PMID: 29403361 PMCID: PMC5777284 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2017.00133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The medial septum (MS) complex modulates hippocampal function and related behaviors. Septohippocampal projections promote and control different forms of hippocampal synchronization. Specifically, GABAergic and cholinergic projections targeting the hippocampal formation from the MS provide bursting discharges to promote theta rhythm, or tonic activity to promote gamma oscillations. In turn, the MS is targeted by ascending projections from the hypothalamus and brainstem. One of these projections arises from the nucleus incertus in the pontine tegmentum, which contains GABA neurons that co-express the neuropeptide relaxin-3 (Rln3). Both stimulation of the nucleus incertus and septal infusion of Rln3 receptor agonist peptides promotes hippocampal theta rhythm. The Gi/o-protein-coupled receptor, relaxin-family peptide receptor 3 (RXFP3), is the cognate receptor for Rln3 and identification of the transmitter phenotype of neurons expressing RXFP3 in the septohippocampal system can provide further insights into the role of Rln3 transmission in the promotion of septohippocampal theta rhythm. Therefore, we used RNAscope multiplex in situ hybridization to characterize the septal neurons expressing Rxfp3 mRNA in the rat. Our results demonstrate that Rxfp3 mRNA is abundantly expressed in vesicular GABA transporter (vGAT) mRNA- and parvalbumin (PV) mRNA-positive GABA neurons in MS, whereas ChAT mRNA-positive acetylcholine neurons lack Rxfp3 mRNA. Approximately 75% of Rxfp3 mRNA-positive neurons expressed vGAT mRNA (and 22% were PV mRNA-positive), while the remaining 25% expressed Rxfp3 mRNA only, consistent with a potential glutamatergic phenotype. Similar proportions were observed in the posterior septum. The occurrence of RXFP3 in PV-positive GABAergic neurons gives support to a role for the Rln3-RXFP3 system in septohippocampal theta rhythm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hector Albert-Gascó
- Unitat Predepartamental de Medicina, Facultat de Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón, Spain.,The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Sherie Ma
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Francisco Ros-Bernal
- Unitat Predepartamental de Medicina, Facultat de Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón, Spain
| | - Ana M Sánchez-Pérez
- Unitat Predepartamental de Medicina, Facultat de Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón, Spain
| | - Andrew L Gundlach
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Francisco E Olucha-Bordonau
- Unitat Predepartamental de Medicina, Facultat de Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón, Spain
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50
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Perez-Atencio L, Garcia-Aracil N, Fernandez E, Barrio LC, Barios JA. A four-state Markov model of sleep-wakefulness dynamics along light/dark cycle in mice. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0189931. [PMID: 29304108 PMCID: PMC5755762 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Behavioral states alternate between wakefulness (wk), rapid eye movement (rem) and non-rem (nrem) sleep at time scale of hours i.e., light and dark cycle rhythms and from several tens of minutes to seconds (i.e., brief awakenings during sleep). Using statistical analysis of bout duration, Markov chains of sleep-wk dynamics and quantitative EEG analysis, we evaluated the influence of light/dark (ld) changes on brain function along the sleep-wk cycle. Bout duration (bd) histograms and Kaplan-Meier (km) survival curves of wk showed a bimodal statistical distribution, suggesting that two types of wk do exist: brief-wk (wkb) and long-wk (wkl). Light changes modulated specifically wkl bouts, increasing its duration during active/dark period. In contrast, wkb, nrem and rembd histograms and km curves did not change significantly along ld cycle. Hippocampal eeg of both types of wk were different: in comparison wkb showed a lower spectral power in fast gamma and fast theta bands and less emg tone. After fitting a four-states Markov chain to mice hypnograms, moreover in states transition probabilities matrix was found that: in dark/active period, state-maintenance probability of wkl increased, and probability of wkl to nrem transition decreased; the opposite was found in light period, favoring the hypothesis of the participation of brief wk into nrem-rem intrinsic sleep cycle, and the role of wkl in SWS homeostasis. In conclusion, we propose an extended Markov model of sleep using four stages (wkl, nrem, rem, wkb) as a fully adequate model accounting for both modulation of sleep-wake dynamics based on the differential regulation of long-wk (high gamma/theta) epochs during dark and light phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonel Perez-Atencio
- Unit of Experimental Neurology, “Ramón y Cajal” Hospital-IRYCIS, Carretera de Colmenar km 9, 28034 Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Engineering program, National Experimental University “Francisco de Miranda”, Calle Norte, 4101 Falcon, Venezuela
| | - Nicolas Garcia-Aracil
- Biomedical Neuroengineering research group (nBio), Systems Engineering and Automation Department of Miguel Hernandez University, Avda. de la Universidad s/n, 03202 Elche, Spain
| | - Eduardo Fernandez
- Biomedical Neuroengineering research group (nBio), Systems Engineering and Automation Department of Miguel Hernandez University, Avda. de la Universidad s/n, 03202 Elche, Spain
| | - Luis C. Barrio
- Unit of Experimental Neurology, “Ramón y Cajal” Hospital-IRYCIS, Carretera de Colmenar km 9, 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan A. Barios
- Biomedical Neuroengineering research group (nBio), Systems Engineering and Automation Department of Miguel Hernandez University, Avda. de la Universidad s/n, 03202 Elche, Spain
- * E-mail:
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