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Fournier AP, Morvan MI, Martinez de Lizarrondo S, Gauberti M. Immuno-MRI for Stroke Diagnosis and Prognosis. Neuroscience 2024; 550:53-61. [PMID: 38141809 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
Following a stroke, an inflammatory response occurs, characterized by an increased blood-brain barrier permeability, expression of endothelial trafficking molecules, and infiltration of immune cells. Adhesion molecules expressed on activated brain endothelial cells are potential biomarkers of intraparenchymal inflammation. However, in current clinical practice, it is not possible to measure endothelial activation using clinically available imaging. Using targeted micro-sized particles of iron oxide (MPIO), immuno-MRI enables the detection of endothelial adhesion molecules at high resolution and, consequently, facilitates the detection of stroke-induced brain inflammation. In this review, we highlight the most recent studies that used immuno-MRI in models of neurovascular disorders, including transient ischemic attack, ischemic stroke, intracranial hemorrhage, and subarachnoid hemorrhage. We also discuss the potential of immuno-MRI in clinical practice and the necessary next steps for its implementation in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Philippe Fournier
- Normandie Université, UNICAEN, INSERM, PhIND (Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders), Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie, Cyceron, 14000 Caen, France.
| | - Marion Isabelle Morvan
- Normandie Université, UNICAEN, INSERM, PhIND (Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders), Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie, Cyceron, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Sara Martinez de Lizarrondo
- Normandie Université, UNICAEN, INSERM, PhIND (Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders), Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie, Cyceron, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Maxime Gauberti
- Normandie Université, UNICAEN, INSERM, PhIND (Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders), Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie, Cyceron, 14000 Caen, France; CHU Caen, Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Interventional Radiology, CHU de Caen Côte de Nacre, Caen, France
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Levard D, Seillier C, Bellemain-Sagnard M, Fournier AP, Lemarchand E, Dembech C, Riou G, McDade K, Smith C, McQuaid C, Montagne A, Amann L, Prinz M, Vivien D, Rubio M. Central nervous system-associated macrophages modulate the immune response following stroke in aged mice. Nat Neurosci 2024:10.1038/s41593-024-01695-3. [PMID: 38961228 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-024-01695-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Age is a major nonmodifiable risk factor for ischemic stroke. Central nervous system-associated macrophages (CAMs) are resident immune cells located along the brain vasculature at the interface between the blood circulation and the parenchyma. By using a clinically relevant thromboembolic stroke model in young and aged male mice and corresponding human tissue samples, we show that during aging, CAMs acquire a central role in orchestrating immune cell trafficking after stroke through the specific modulation of adhesion molecules by endothelial cells. The absence of CAMs provokes increased leukocyte infiltration (neutrophils and CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes) and neurological dysfunction after stroke exclusively in aged mice. Major histocompatibility complex class II, overexpressed by CAMs during aging, plays a significant role in the modulation of immune responses to stroke. We demonstrate that during aging, CAMs become central coordinators of the neuroimmune response that ensure a long-term fine-tuning of the immune responses triggered by stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien Levard
- Normandie University, UNICAEN, Université Caen Normandie, INSERM UMR-S U1237, Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders (PhIND), GIP Cyceron, Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie (BB@C), Caen, France
| | - Célia Seillier
- Normandie University, UNICAEN, Université Caen Normandie, INSERM UMR-S U1237, Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders (PhIND), GIP Cyceron, Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie (BB@C), Caen, France
| | - Mathys Bellemain-Sagnard
- Normandie University, UNICAEN, Université Caen Normandie, INSERM UMR-S U1237, Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders (PhIND), GIP Cyceron, Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie (BB@C), Caen, France
| | - Antoine Philippe Fournier
- Normandie University, UNICAEN, Université Caen Normandie, INSERM UMR-S U1237, Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders (PhIND), GIP Cyceron, Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie (BB@C), Caen, France
| | - Eloïse Lemarchand
- Normandie University, UNICAEN, Université Caen Normandie, INSERM UMR-S U1237, Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders (PhIND), GIP Cyceron, Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie (BB@C), Caen, France
| | - Chantal Dembech
- Normandie University, UNICAEN, Université Caen Normandie, INSERM UMR-S U1237, Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders (PhIND), GIP Cyceron, Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie (BB@C), Caen, France
| | - Gaëtan Riou
- INSERM U1234 'PAn'THER', Flow Cytometry Core-IRIB, Rouen, France
| | - Karina McDade
- Academic Neuropathology, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Colin Smith
- Academic Neuropathology, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Conor McQuaid
- Dementia Research Institute at the University of Edinburgh, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, Chancellor's Building, Edinburgh Medical School, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Axel Montagne
- Dementia Research Institute at the University of Edinburgh, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, Chancellor's Building, Edinburgh Medical School, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Lukas Amann
- Institute of Neuropathology, Medical Faculty, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marco Prinz
- Institute of Neuropathology, Medical Faculty, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Denis Vivien
- Normandie University, UNICAEN, Université Caen Normandie, INSERM UMR-S U1237, Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders (PhIND), GIP Cyceron, Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie (BB@C), Caen, France.
- Department of Clinical Research, Caen-Normandie University Hospital, CHU, Caen, France.
| | - Marina Rubio
- Normandie University, UNICAEN, Université Caen Normandie, INSERM UMR-S U1237, Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders (PhIND), GIP Cyceron, Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie (BB@C), Caen, France.
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3
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Prathapan V, Eipert P, Wigger N, Kipp M, Appali R, Schmitt O. Modeling and simulation for prediction of multiple sclerosis progression. Comput Biol Med 2024; 175:108416. [PMID: 38657465 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2024.108416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
In light of extensive work that has created a wide range of techniques for predicting the course of multiple sclerosis (MS) disease, this paper attempts to provide an overview of these approaches and put forth an alternative way to predict the disease progression. For this purpose, the existing methods for estimating and predicting the course of the disease have been categorized into clinical, radiological, biological, and computational or artificial intelligence-based markers. Weighing the weaknesses and strengths of these prognostic groups is a profound method that is yet in need and works directly at the level of diseased connectivity. Therefore, we propose using the computational models in combination with established connectomes as a predictive tool for MS disease trajectories. The fundamental conduction-based Hodgkin-Huxley model emerged as promising from examining these studies. The advantage of the Hodgkin-Huxley model is that certain properties of connectomes, such as neuronal connection weights, spatial distances, and adjustments of signal transmission rates, can be taken into account. It is precisely these properties that are particularly altered in MS and that have strong implications for processing, transmission, and interactions of neuronal signaling patterns. The Hodgkin-Huxley (HH) equations as a point-neuron model are used for signal propagation inside a small network. The objective is to change the conduction parameter of the neuron model, replicate the changes in myelin properties in MS and observe the dynamics of the signal propagation across the network. The model is initially validated for different lengths, conduction values, and connection weights through three nodal connections. Later, these individual factors are incorporated into a small network and simulated to mimic the condition of MS. The signal propagation pattern is observed after inducing changes in conduction parameters at certain nodes in the network and compared against a control model pattern obtained before the changes are applied to the network. The signal propagation pattern varies as expected by adapting to the input conditions. Similarly, when the model is applied to a connectome, the pattern changes could give an insight into disease progression. This approach has opened up a new path to explore the progression of the disease in MS. The work is in its preliminary state, but with a future vision to apply this method in a connectome, providing a better clinical tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishnu Prathapan
- Medical School Hamburg University of Applied Sciences and Medical University, Am Kaiserkai 1, 20457, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Peter Eipert
- Medical School Hamburg University of Applied Sciences and Medical University, Am Kaiserkai 1, 20457, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Nicole Wigger
- Department of Anatomy, University of Rostock Gertrudenstr 9, 18057, Rostock, Germany.
| | - Markus Kipp
- Department of Anatomy, University of Rostock Gertrudenstr 9, 18057, Rostock, Germany.
| | - Revathi Appali
- Institute of General Electrical Engineering, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 2, 18059, Rostock, Germany; Department of Aging of Individuals and Society, Interdisciplinary Faculty, University of Rostock, Universitätsplatz 1, 18055, Rostock, Germany.
| | - Oliver Schmitt
- Medical School Hamburg University of Applied Sciences and Medical University, Am Kaiserkai 1, 20457, Hamburg, Germany; Department of Anatomy, University of Rostock Gertrudenstr 9, 18057, Rostock, Germany.
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Zierfuss B, Larochelle C, Prat A. Blood-brain barrier dysfunction in multiple sclerosis: causes, consequences, and potential effects of therapies. Lancet Neurol 2024; 23:95-109. [PMID: 38101906 DOI: 10.1016/s1474-4422(23)00377-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Established by brain endothelial cells, the blood-brain barrier (BBB) regulates the trafficking of molecules, restricts immune cell entry into the CNS, and has an active role in neurovascular coupling (the regulation of cerebral blood flow to support neuronal activity). In the early stages of multiple sclerosis, around the time of symptom onset, inflammatory BBB damage is accompanied by pathogenic immune cell infiltration into the CNS. In the later stages of multiple sclerosis, dysregulation of neurovascular coupling is associated with grey matter atrophy. Genetic and environmental factors associated with multiple sclerosis, including dietary habits, the gut microbiome, and vitamin D concentrations, might contribute directly and indirectly to brain endothelial cell dysfunction. Damage to brain endothelial cells leads to an influx of deleterious molecules into the CNS, accelerating leakage across the BBB. Potential future therapeutic approaches might help to prevent BBB damage (eg, monoclonal antibodies targeting cell adhesion molecules and fibrinogen) and help to repair BBB dysfunction (eg, mesenchymal stromal cells) in people with multiple sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bettina Zierfuss
- Neuroimmunology Research Laboratory, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Catherine Larochelle
- Neuroimmunology Research Laboratory, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada; Multiple Sclerosis Clinic, Division of Neurology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Alexandre Prat
- Neuroimmunology Research Laboratory, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada; Multiple Sclerosis Clinic, Division of Neurology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal, QC, Canada.
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Ju J, Xu D, Mo X, Miao J, Xu L, Ge G, Zhu X, Deng H. Multifunctional polysaccharide nanoprobes for biological imaging. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 317:121048. [PMID: 37364948 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Imaging and tracking biological targets or processes play an important role in revealing molecular mechanisms and disease states. Bioimaging via optical, nuclear, or magnetic resonance techniques enables high resolution, high sensitivity, and high depth imaging from the whole animal down to single cells via advanced functional nanoprobes. To overcome the limitations of single-modality imaging, multimodality nanoprobes have been engineered with a variety of imaging modalities and functionalities. Polysaccharides are sugar-containing bioactive polymers with superior biocompatibility, biodegradability, and solubility. The combination of polysaccharides with single or multiple contrast agents facilitates the development of novel nanoprobes with enhanced functions for biological imaging. Nanoprobes constructed with clinically applicable polysaccharides and contrast agents hold great potential for clinical translations. This review briefly introduces the basics of different imaging modalities and polysaccharides, then summarizes the recent progress of polysaccharide-based nanoprobes for biological imaging in various diseases, emphasizing bioimaging with optical, nuclear, and magnetic resonance techniques. The current issues and future directions regarding the development and applications of polysaccharide nanoprobes are further discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxuan Ju
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Danni Xu
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xuan Mo
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jiaqian Miao
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Li Xu
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Guangbo Ge
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Xinyuan Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Hongping Deng
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
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Soldati S, Bär A, Vladymyrov M, Glavin D, McGrath JL, Gosselet F, Nishihara H, Goelz S, Engelhardt B. High levels of endothelial ICAM-1 prohibit natalizumab mediated abrogation of CD4 + T cell arrest on the inflamed BBB under flow in vitro. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:123. [PMID: 37221552 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02797-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The humanized anti-α4 integrin blocking antibody natalizumab (NTZ) is an effective treatment for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) that is associated with the risk of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML). While extended interval dosing (EID) of NTZ reduces the risk for PML, the minimal dose of NTZ required to maintain its therapeutic efficacy remains unknown. OBJECTIVE Here we aimed to identify the minimal NTZ concentration required to inhibit the arrest of human effector/memory CD4+ T cell subsets or of PBMCs to the blood-brain barrier (BBB) under physiological flow in vitro. RESULTS Making use of three different human in vitro BBB models and in vitro live-cell imaging we observed that NTZ mediated inhibition of α4-integrins failed to abrogate T cell arrest to the inflamed BBB under physiological flow. Complete inhibition of shear resistant T cell arrest required additional inhibition of β2-integrins, which correlated with a strong upregulation of endothelial intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 on the respective BBB models investigated. Indeed, NTZ mediated inhibition of shear resistant T cell arrest to combinations of immobilized recombinant vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1 and ICAM-1 was abrogated in the presence of tenfold higher molar concentrations of ICAM-1 over VCAM-1. Also, monovalent NTZ was less potent than bivalent NTZ in inhibiting T cell arrest to VCAM-1 under physiological flow. In accordance with our previous observations ICAM-1 but not VCAM-1 mediated T cell crawling against the direction of flow. CONCLUSION Taken together, our in vitro observations show that high levels of endothelial ICAM-1 abrogate NTZ mediated inhibition of T cell interaction with the BBB. EID of NTZ in MS patients may thus require consideration of the inflammatory status of the BBB as high levels of ICAM-1 may provide an alternative molecular cue allowing for pathogenic T cell entry into the CNS in the presence of NTZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasha Soldati
- Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 1, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Bär
- Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 1, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Mykhailo Vladymyrov
- Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 1, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Dale Glavin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - James L McGrath
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Fabien Gosselet
- Blood-Brain Barrier Laboratory, University of Artois, Lens, France
| | - Hideaki Nishihara
- Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 1, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Neurotherapeutics, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | | | - Britta Engelhardt
- Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 1, 3012, Bern, Switzerland.
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Charabati M, Zandee S, Fournier AP, Tastet O, Thai K, Zaminpeyma R, Lécuyer MA, Bourbonnière L, Larouche S, Klement W, Grasmuck C, Tea F, Zierfuss B, Filali-Mouhim A, Moumdjian R, Bouthillier A, Cayrol R, Peelen E, Arbour N, Larochelle C, Prat A. MCAM+ brain endothelial cells contribute to neuroinflammation by recruiting pathogenic CD4+ T lymphocytes. Brain 2023; 146:1483-1495. [PMID: 36319587 PMCID: PMC10115172 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awac389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The trafficking of autoreactive leucocytes across the blood-brain barrier endothelium is a hallmark of multiple sclerosis pathogenesis. Although the blood-brain barrier endothelium represents one of the main CNS borders to interact with the infiltrating leucocytes, its exact contribution to neuroinflammation remains understudied. Here, we show that Mcam identifies inflammatory brain endothelial cells with pro-migratory transcriptomic signature during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. In addition, MCAM was preferentially upregulated on blood-brain barrier endothelial cells in multiple sclerosis lesions in situ and at experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis disease onset by molecular MRI. In vitro and in vivo, we demonstrate that MCAM on blood-brain barrier endothelial cells contributes to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis development by promoting the cellular trafficking of TH1 and TH17 lymphocytes across the blood-brain barrier. Last, we showcase ST14 as an immune ligand to brain endothelial MCAM, enriched on CD4+ T lymphocytes that cross the blood-brain barrier in vitro, in vivo and in multiple sclerosis lesions as detected by flow cytometry on rapid autopsy derived brain tissue from multiple sclerosis patients. Collectively, our findings reveal that MCAM is at the centre of a pathological pathway used by brain endothelial cells to recruit pathogenic CD4+ T lymphocyte from circulation early during neuroinflammation. The therapeutic targeting of this mechanism is a promising avenue to treat multiple sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Charabati
- Neuroimmunology Research Laboratory, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec H2X 0A9, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Stephanie Zandee
- Neuroimmunology Research Laboratory, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec H2X 0A9, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Antoine P Fournier
- Neuroimmunology Research Laboratory, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec H2X 0A9, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Olivier Tastet
- Neuroimmunology Research Laboratory, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Karine Thai
- Neuroimmunology Research Laboratory, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec H2X 0A9, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Roxaneh Zaminpeyma
- Neuroimmunology Research Laboratory, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Marc-André Lécuyer
- Neuroimmunology Research Laboratory, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec H2X 0A9, Canada
- Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Lyne Bourbonnière
- Neuroimmunology Research Laboratory, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Sandra Larouche
- Neuroimmunology Research Laboratory, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Wendy Klement
- Neuroimmunology Research Laboratory, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Camille Grasmuck
- Neuroimmunology Research Laboratory, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec H2X 0A9, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Fiona Tea
- Neuroimmunology Research Laboratory, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec H2X 0A9, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Bettina Zierfuss
- Neuroimmunology Research Laboratory, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec H2X 0A9, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Ali Filali-Mouhim
- Neuroimmunology Research Laboratory, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Robert Moumdjian
- Division of Neurosurgery, Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal, Quebec H2X 0C1, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Alain Bouthillier
- Division of Neurosurgery, Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal, Quebec H2X 0C1, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Romain Cayrol
- Clinical Department of Laboratory Medicine, CHUM, Montreal, Quebec H2X 0C1, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Evelyn Peelen
- Neuroimmunology Research Laboratory, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec H2X 0A9, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Nathalie Arbour
- Neuroimmunology Research Laboratory, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec H2X 0A9, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Catherine Larochelle
- Neuroimmunology Research Laboratory, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec H2X 0A9, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1J4, Canada
- Multiple Sclerosis Clinic, Division of Neurology, CHUM, Montreal, Quebec H2L 4M1, Canada
| | - Alexandre Prat
- Neuroimmunology Research Laboratory, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec H2X 0A9, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1J4, Canada
- Multiple Sclerosis Clinic, Division of Neurology, CHUM, Montreal, Quebec H2L 4M1, Canada
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Gilli F, Ceccarelli A. Magnetic resonance imaging approaches for studying mouse models of multiple sclerosis: A mini review. J Neurosci Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/jnr.25193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Gilli
- Department of Neurology, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth Lebanon New Hampshire USA
| | - Antonia Ceccarelli
- Department of Neurology EpiCURA Centre Hospitalier Ath Belgium
- Hearthrhythmanagement, UZB Brussels Belgium
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Harris WJ, Asselin MC, Hinz R, Parkes LM, Allan S, Schiessl I, Boutin H, Dickie BR. In vivo methods for imaging blood-brain barrier function and dysfunction. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2023; 50:1051-1083. [PMID: 36437425 PMCID: PMC9931809 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-022-05997-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is the interface between the central nervous system and systemic circulation. It tightly regulates what enters and is removed from the brain parenchyma and is fundamental in maintaining brain homeostasis. Increasingly, the BBB is recognised as having a significant role in numerous neurological disorders, ranging from acute disorders (traumatic brain injury, stroke, seizures) to chronic neurodegeneration (Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia, small vessel disease). Numerous approaches have been developed to study the BBB in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo. The complex multicellular structure and effects of disease are difficult to recreate accurately in vitro, and functional aspects of the BBB cannot be easily studied ex vivo. As such, the value of in vivo methods to study the intact BBB cannot be overstated. This review discusses the structure and function of the BBB and how these are affected in diseases. It then discusses in depth several established and novel methods for imaging the BBB in vivo, with a focus on MRI, nuclear imaging, and high-resolution intravital fluorescence microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- William James Harris
- Geoffrey Jefferson Brain Research Centre, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Northern Care Alliance & University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Division of Neuroscience, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, M13 9PL, Manchester, UK
| | - Marie-Claude Asselin
- Division of Informatics, Imaging and Data Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Rainer Hinz
- Wolfson Molecular Imaging Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Laura Michelle Parkes
- Geoffrey Jefferson Brain Research Centre, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Northern Care Alliance & University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Division of Neuroscience, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, M13 9PL, Manchester, UK
| | - Stuart Allan
- Geoffrey Jefferson Brain Research Centre, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Northern Care Alliance & University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Division of Neuroscience, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, M13 9PL, Manchester, UK
| | - Ingo Schiessl
- Geoffrey Jefferson Brain Research Centre, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Northern Care Alliance & University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Division of Neuroscience, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, M13 9PL, Manchester, UK
| | - Herve Boutin
- Geoffrey Jefferson Brain Research Centre, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Northern Care Alliance & University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
- Division of Neuroscience, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, M13 9PL, Manchester, UK.
- Wolfson Molecular Imaging Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
| | - Ben Robert Dickie
- Geoffrey Jefferson Brain Research Centre, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Northern Care Alliance & University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Division of Informatics, Imaging and Data Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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10
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Buttigieg E, Scheller A, El Waly B, Kirchhoff F, Debarbieux F. Contribution of Intravital Neuroimaging to Study Animal Models of Multiple Sclerosis. Neurotherapeutics 2023; 20:22-38. [PMID: 36653665 PMCID: PMC10119369 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-022-01324-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex and long-lasting neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system (CNS), characterized by the loss of myelin within the white matter and cortical fibers, axonopathy, and inflammatory responses leading to consequent sensory-motor and cognitive deficits of patients. While complete resolution of the disease is not yet a reality, partial tissue repair has been observed in patients which offers hope for therapeutic strategies. To address the molecular and cellular events of the pathomechanisms, a variety of animal models have been developed to investigate distinct aspects of MS disease. Recent advances of multiscale intravital imaging facilitated the direct in vivo analysis of MS in the animal models with perspective of clinical transfer to patients. This review gives an overview of MS animal models, focusing on the current imaging modalities at the microscopic and macroscopic levels and emphasizing the importance of multimodal approaches to improve our understanding of the disease and minimize the use of animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emeline Buttigieg
- Molecular Physiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine (CIPMM), University of Saarland, 66421, Homburg, Germany
- Institut des Neurosciences de la Timone (INT), Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS UMR7289, 13005, Marseille, France
- Centre Européen de Recherche en Imagerie Médicale (CERIMED), Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Anja Scheller
- Molecular Physiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine (CIPMM), University of Saarland, 66421, Homburg, Germany
| | - Bilal El Waly
- Institut des Neurosciences de la Timone (INT), Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS UMR7289, 13005, Marseille, France
- Centre Européen de Recherche en Imagerie Médicale (CERIMED), Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Frank Kirchhoff
- Molecular Physiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine (CIPMM), University of Saarland, 66421, Homburg, Germany
| | - Franck Debarbieux
- Institut des Neurosciences de la Timone (INT), Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS UMR7289, 13005, Marseille, France.
- Centre Européen de Recherche en Imagerie Médicale (CERIMED), Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France.
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Paris, France.
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11
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Angelini G, Bani A, Constantin G, Rossi B. The interplay between T helper cells and brain barriers in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1101379. [PMID: 36874213 PMCID: PMC9975172 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1101379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) and the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCSFB) represent two complex structures protecting the central nervous system (CNS) against potentially harmful agents and circulating immune cells. The immunosurveillance of the CNS is governed by immune cells that constantly patrol the BCSFB, whereas during neuroinflammatory disorders, both BBB and BCSFB undergo morphological and functional alterations, promoting leukocyte intravascular adhesion and transmigration from the blood circulation into the CNS. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the prototype of neuroinflammatory disorders in which peripheral T helper (Th) lymphocytes, particularly Th1 and Th17 cells, infiltrate the CNS and contribute to demyelination and neurodegeneration. Th1 and Th17 cells are considered key players in the pathogenesis of MS and its animal model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. They can actively interact with CNS borders by complex adhesion mechanisms and secretion of a variety of molecules contributing to barrier dysfunction. In this review, we describe the molecular basis involved in the interactions between Th cells and CNS barriers and discuss the emerging roles of dura mater and arachnoid layer as neuroimmune interfaces contributing to the development of CNS inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Angelini
- Department of Medicine, Section of General Pathology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Alessandro Bani
- Department of Medicine, Section of General Pathology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Gabriela Constantin
- Department of Medicine, Section of General Pathology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.,The Center for Biomedical Computing (CBMC), University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Barbara Rossi
- Department of Medicine, Section of General Pathology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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12
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Yuan Y, Sun J, Dong Q, Cui M. Blood-brain barrier endothelial cells in neurodegenerative diseases: Signals from the "barrier". Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1047778. [PMID: 36908787 PMCID: PMC9998532 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1047778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
As blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption emerges as a common problem in the early stages of neurodegenerative diseases, the crucial roles of barrier-type brain endothelial cells (BECs), the primary part of the BBB, have been reported in the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases. The mechanisms of how early vascular dysfunction contributes to the progress of neurodegeneration are still unclear, and understanding BEC functions is a promising start. Our understanding of the BBB has gone through different stages, from a passive diffusion barrier to a mediator of central-peripheral interactions. BECs serve two seemingly paradoxical roles: as a barrier to protect the delicate brain from toxins and as an interface to constantly receive and release signals, thus maintaining and regulating the homeostasis of the brain. Most previous studies about neurodegenerative diseases focus on the loss of barrier functions, and far too little attention has been paid to the active regulations of BECs. In this review, we present the current evidence of BEC dysfunction in neurodegenerative diseases and explore how BEC signals participate in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwen Yuan
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Sun
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Dong
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and Ministry of Education (MOE) Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mei Cui
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and Ministry of Education (MOE) Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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13
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Drieu A, Lanquetin A, Prunotto P, Gulhan Z, Pédron S, Vegliante G, Tolomeo D, Serrière S, Vercouillie J, Galineau L, Tauber C, Kuhnast B, Rubio M, Zanier ER, Levard D, Chalon S, Vivien D, Ali C. Persistent neuroinflammation and behavioural deficits after single mild traumatic brain injury. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2022; 42:2216-2229. [PMID: 35945692 PMCID: PMC9670002 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x221119288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Despite an apparently silent imaging, some patients with mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) experience cognitive dysfunctions, which may persist chronically. Brain changes responsible for these dysfunctions are unclear and commonly overlooked. It is thus crucial to increase our understanding of the mechanisms linking the initial event to the functional deficits, and to provide objective evidence of brain tissue alterations underpinning these deficits. We first set up a murine model of closed-head controlled cortical impact, which provoked persistent cognitive and sensorimotor deficits, despite no evidence of brain contusion or bleeding on MRI, thus recapitulating features of mild TBI. Molecular MRI for P-selectin, a key adhesion molecule, detected no sign of cerebrovascular inflammation after mild TBI, as confirmed by immunostainings. By contrast, in vivo PET imaging with the TSPO ligand [18F]DPA-714 demonstrated persisting signs of neuroinflammation in the ipsilateral cortex and hippocampus after mild TBI. Interestingly, immunohistochemical analyses confirmed these spatio-temporal profiles, showing a robust parenchymal astrogliosis and microgliosis, at least up to 3 weeks post-injury in both the cortex and hippocampus. In conclusion, we show that even one single mild TBI induces long-term behavioural deficits, associated with a persistent neuro-inflammatory status that can be detected by PET imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Drieu
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM, INSERM UMR-S U1237,
Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders, Institut Blood and Brain
@ Caen-Normandie, Cyceron, France
| | - Anastasia Lanquetin
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM, INSERM UMR-S U1237,
Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders, Institut Blood and Brain
@ Caen-Normandie, Cyceron, France
| | - Paul Prunotto
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM, INSERM UMR-S U1237,
Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders, Institut Blood and Brain
@ Caen-Normandie, Cyceron, France
| | - Zuhal Gulhan
- UMR 1253, iBrain, Université de Tours, INSERM, Tours,
France
| | - Swannie Pédron
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM, INSERM UMR-S U1237,
Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders, Institut Blood and Brain
@ Caen-Normandie, Cyceron, France
| | - Gloria Vegliante
- Department of Neuroscience, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche
Mario Negri, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniele Tolomeo
- Department of Neuroscience, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche
Mario Negri, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Sophie Serrière
- UMR 1253, iBrain, Université de Tours, INSERM, Tours,
France
| | | | | | - Clovis Tauber
- UMR 1253, iBrain, Université de Tours, INSERM, Tours,
France
| | - Bertrand Kuhnast
- IMIV, Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, CEA, Inserm,
Université Paris Sud, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Marina Rubio
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM, INSERM UMR-S U1237,
Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders, Institut Blood and Brain
@ Caen-Normandie, Cyceron, France
| | - Elisa R Zanier
- Department of Neuroscience, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche
Mario Negri, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Damien Levard
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM, INSERM UMR-S U1237,
Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders, Institut Blood and Brain
@ Caen-Normandie, Cyceron, France
| | - Sylvie Chalon
- UMR 1253, iBrain, Université de Tours, INSERM, Tours,
France
| | - Denis Vivien
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM, INSERM UMR-S U1237,
Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders, Institut Blood and Brain
@ Caen-Normandie, Cyceron, France
- Department of Clinical Research, Caen-Normandie Hospital (CHU),
Caen, France
| | - Carine Ali
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM, INSERM UMR-S U1237,
Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders, Institut Blood and Brain
@ Caen-Normandie, Cyceron, France
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14
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Fournier AP, Tastet O, Charabati M, Hoornaert C, Bourbonnière L, Klement W, Larouche S, Tea F, Wang YC, Larochelle C, Arbour N, Ragoussis J, Zandee S, Prat A. Single-Cell Transcriptomics Identifies Brain Endothelium Inflammatory Networks in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis. NEUROLOGY(R) NEUROIMMUNOLOGY & NEUROINFLAMMATION 2022; 10:10/1/e200046. [PMID: 36446612 PMCID: PMC9709715 DOI: 10.1212/nxi.0000000000200046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative disease characterized by infiltration of immune cells in multifocal areas of the CNS. The specific molecular processes allowing autoreactive immune cells to enter the CNS compartment through the blood-brain barrier remain elusive. METHODS Using endothelial cell (EC) enrichment and single-cell RNA sequencing, we characterized the cells implicated in the neuroinflammatory processes in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, an animal model of MS. Validations on human MS brain sections of the most differentially expressed genes in venous ECs were performed using immunohistochemistry and confocal microscopy. RESULTS We found an upregulation of genes associated with antigen presentation and interferon in most populations of CNS-resident cells, including ECs. Interestingly, instead of transcriptionally distinct profiles, a continuous gradient of gene expression separated the arteriovenous zonation of the brain vasculature. However, differential gene expression analysis presented more transcriptomic alterations on the venous side of the axis, suggesting a prominent role of venous ECs in neuroinflammation. Furthermore, analysis of ligand-receptor interactions identified important potential molecular communications between venous ECs and infiltrated immune populations. To confirm the relevance of our observation in the context of human disease, we validated the protein expression of the most upregulated genes (Ackr1 and Lcn2) in MS lesions. DISCUSSION In this study, we provide a landscape of the cellular heterogeneity associated with neuroinflammation. We also present important molecular insights for further exploration of specific cell processes that promote infiltration of immune cells inside the brain of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Philippe Fournier
- From the Neuroimmunology Research Laboratory (A.P.F., O.T., M.C., C.H., L.B., W.K., S.L., F.T., C.L., N.A., S.Z., A.P.), Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM); Department of Neurosciences (A.P.F., C.L., N.A., S.Z., A.P.), Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal; Multiple Sclerosis Clinic (C.L., A.P.), Division of Neurology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM); Department of Human Genetics (J.R.), McGill University, Montréal; and McGill Genome Centre (Y.C.W., J.R.), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Olivier Tastet
- From the Neuroimmunology Research Laboratory (A.P.F., O.T., M.C., C.H., L.B., W.K., S.L., F.T., C.L., N.A., S.Z., A.P.), Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM); Department of Neurosciences (A.P.F., C.L., N.A., S.Z., A.P.), Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal; Multiple Sclerosis Clinic (C.L., A.P.), Division of Neurology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM); Department of Human Genetics (J.R.), McGill University, Montréal; and McGill Genome Centre (Y.C.W., J.R.), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Marc Charabati
- From the Neuroimmunology Research Laboratory (A.P.F., O.T., M.C., C.H., L.B., W.K., S.L., F.T., C.L., N.A., S.Z., A.P.), Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM); Department of Neurosciences (A.P.F., C.L., N.A., S.Z., A.P.), Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal; Multiple Sclerosis Clinic (C.L., A.P.), Division of Neurology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM); Department of Human Genetics (J.R.), McGill University, Montréal; and McGill Genome Centre (Y.C.W., J.R.), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Chloé Hoornaert
- From the Neuroimmunology Research Laboratory (A.P.F., O.T., M.C., C.H., L.B., W.K., S.L., F.T., C.L., N.A., S.Z., A.P.), Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM); Department of Neurosciences (A.P.F., C.L., N.A., S.Z., A.P.), Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal; Multiple Sclerosis Clinic (C.L., A.P.), Division of Neurology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM); Department of Human Genetics (J.R.), McGill University, Montréal; and McGill Genome Centre (Y.C.W., J.R.), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Lyne Bourbonnière
- From the Neuroimmunology Research Laboratory (A.P.F., O.T., M.C., C.H., L.B., W.K., S.L., F.T., C.L., N.A., S.Z., A.P.), Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM); Department of Neurosciences (A.P.F., C.L., N.A., S.Z., A.P.), Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal; Multiple Sclerosis Clinic (C.L., A.P.), Division of Neurology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM); Department of Human Genetics (J.R.), McGill University, Montréal; and McGill Genome Centre (Y.C.W., J.R.), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Wendy Klement
- From the Neuroimmunology Research Laboratory (A.P.F., O.T., M.C., C.H., L.B., W.K., S.L., F.T., C.L., N.A., S.Z., A.P.), Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM); Department of Neurosciences (A.P.F., C.L., N.A., S.Z., A.P.), Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal; Multiple Sclerosis Clinic (C.L., A.P.), Division of Neurology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM); Department of Human Genetics (J.R.), McGill University, Montréal; and McGill Genome Centre (Y.C.W., J.R.), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Sandra Larouche
- From the Neuroimmunology Research Laboratory (A.P.F., O.T., M.C., C.H., L.B., W.K., S.L., F.T., C.L., N.A., S.Z., A.P.), Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM); Department of Neurosciences (A.P.F., C.L., N.A., S.Z., A.P.), Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal; Multiple Sclerosis Clinic (C.L., A.P.), Division of Neurology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM); Department of Human Genetics (J.R.), McGill University, Montréal; and McGill Genome Centre (Y.C.W., J.R.), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Fiona Tea
- From the Neuroimmunology Research Laboratory (A.P.F., O.T., M.C., C.H., L.B., W.K., S.L., F.T., C.L., N.A., S.Z., A.P.), Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM); Department of Neurosciences (A.P.F., C.L., N.A., S.Z., A.P.), Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal; Multiple Sclerosis Clinic (C.L., A.P.), Division of Neurology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM); Department of Human Genetics (J.R.), McGill University, Montréal; and McGill Genome Centre (Y.C.W., J.R.), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Yu Chang Wang
- From the Neuroimmunology Research Laboratory (A.P.F., O.T., M.C., C.H., L.B., W.K., S.L., F.T., C.L., N.A., S.Z., A.P.), Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM); Department of Neurosciences (A.P.F., C.L., N.A., S.Z., A.P.), Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal; Multiple Sclerosis Clinic (C.L., A.P.), Division of Neurology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM); Department of Human Genetics (J.R.), McGill University, Montréal; and McGill Genome Centre (Y.C.W., J.R.), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Catherine Larochelle
- From the Neuroimmunology Research Laboratory (A.P.F., O.T., M.C., C.H., L.B., W.K., S.L., F.T., C.L., N.A., S.Z., A.P.), Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM); Department of Neurosciences (A.P.F., C.L., N.A., S.Z., A.P.), Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal; Multiple Sclerosis Clinic (C.L., A.P.), Division of Neurology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM); Department of Human Genetics (J.R.), McGill University, Montréal; and McGill Genome Centre (Y.C.W., J.R.), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Nathalie Arbour
- From the Neuroimmunology Research Laboratory (A.P.F., O.T., M.C., C.H., L.B., W.K., S.L., F.T., C.L., N.A., S.Z., A.P.), Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM); Department of Neurosciences (A.P.F., C.L., N.A., S.Z., A.P.), Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal; Multiple Sclerosis Clinic (C.L., A.P.), Division of Neurology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM); Department of Human Genetics (J.R.), McGill University, Montréal; and McGill Genome Centre (Y.C.W., J.R.), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Jiannis Ragoussis
- From the Neuroimmunology Research Laboratory (A.P.F., O.T., M.C., C.H., L.B., W.K., S.L., F.T., C.L., N.A., S.Z., A.P.), Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM); Department of Neurosciences (A.P.F., C.L., N.A., S.Z., A.P.), Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal; Multiple Sclerosis Clinic (C.L., A.P.), Division of Neurology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM); Department of Human Genetics (J.R.), McGill University, Montréal; and McGill Genome Centre (Y.C.W., J.R.), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Stephanie Zandee
- From the Neuroimmunology Research Laboratory (A.P.F., O.T., M.C., C.H., L.B., W.K., S.L., F.T., C.L., N.A., S.Z., A.P.), Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM); Department of Neurosciences (A.P.F., C.L., N.A., S.Z., A.P.), Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal; Multiple Sclerosis Clinic (C.L., A.P.), Division of Neurology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM); Department of Human Genetics (J.R.), McGill University, Montréal; and McGill Genome Centre (Y.C.W., J.R.), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Alexandre Prat
- From the Neuroimmunology Research Laboratory (A.P.F., O.T., M.C., C.H., L.B., W.K., S.L., F.T., C.L., N.A., S.Z., A.P.), Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM); Department of Neurosciences (A.P.F., C.L., N.A., S.Z., A.P.), Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal; Multiple Sclerosis Clinic (C.L., A.P.), Division of Neurology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM); Department of Human Genetics (J.R.), McGill University, Montréal; and McGill Genome Centre (Y.C.W., J.R.), Montréal, Québec, Canada.
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15
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Yu Z, Fang X, Liu W, Sun R, Zhou J, Pu Y, Zhao M, Sun D, Xiang Z, Liu P, Ding Y, Cao L, He C. Microglia Regulate Blood-Brain Barrier Integrity via MiR-126a-5p/MMP9 Axis during Inflammatory Demyelination. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2105442. [PMID: 35758549 PMCID: PMC9403646 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202105442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Blood-brain barrier (BBB) impairment is an early prevalent feature of multiple sclerosis (MS), and remains vital for MS progression. Microglial activation precedes BBB disruption and cellular infiltrates in the brain of MS patients. However, little is known about the function of microglia in BBB impairment. Here, microglia acts as an important modulator of BBB integrity in inflammatory demyelination. Microglial depletion profoundly ameliorates BBB impairment in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Specifically, miR-126a-5p in microglia is positively correlated with BBB integrity in four types of MS plaques. Mechanistically, microglial deletion of miR-126a-5p exacerbates BBB leakage and EAE severity. The protective effect of miR-126a-5p is mimicked and restored by specific inhibition of MMP9 in microglia. Importantly, Auranofin, an FDA-approved drug, is identified to protect BBB integrity and mitigate EAE progression via a microglial miR-126a-5p dependent mechanism. Taken together, microglia can be manipulated to protect BBB integrity and ameliorate inflammatory demyelination. Targeting microglia to regulate BBB permeability merits consideration in therapeutic interventions in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongwang Yu
- Institute of NeuroscienceKey Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology of Ministry of Education and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain ScienceSMMUShanghai200433China
| | - Xue Fang
- Institute of NeuroscienceKey Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology of Ministry of Education and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain ScienceSMMUShanghai200433China
- Department of GastroenterologyChanghai HospitalSMMUShanghai200433China
| | - Weili Liu
- Institute of NeuroscienceKey Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology of Ministry of Education and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain ScienceSMMUShanghai200433China
| | - Rui Sun
- Department of NeurologyChanghai HospitalSMMUShanghai200433China
| | - Jintao Zhou
- Institute of NeuroscienceKey Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology of Ministry of Education and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain ScienceSMMUShanghai200433China
| | - Yingyan Pu
- Institute of NeuroscienceKey Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology of Ministry of Education and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain ScienceSMMUShanghai200433China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Institute of NeuroscienceKey Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology of Ministry of Education and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain ScienceSMMUShanghai200433China
| | - Dingya Sun
- Institute of NeuroscienceKey Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology of Ministry of Education and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain ScienceSMMUShanghai200433China
| | - Zhenghua Xiang
- Institute of NeuroscienceKey Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology of Ministry of Education and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain ScienceSMMUShanghai200433China
| | - Peng Liu
- Institute of NeuroscienceKey Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology of Ministry of Education and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain ScienceSMMUShanghai200433China
| | - Yuqiang Ding
- Department of Laboratory Animal Scienceand State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain ScienceInstitutes of Brain ScienceFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
| | - Li Cao
- Institute of NeuroscienceKey Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology of Ministry of Education and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain ScienceSMMUShanghai200433China
| | - Cheng He
- Institute of NeuroscienceKey Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology of Ministry of Education and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain ScienceSMMUShanghai200433China
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Martinez de Lizarrondo S, Jacqmarcq C, Naveau M, Navarro-Oviedo M, Pedron S, Adam A, Freis B, Allouche S, Goux D, Razafindrakoto S, Gazeau F, Mertz D, Vivien D, Bonnard T, Gauberti M. Tracking the immune response by MRI using biodegradable and ultrasensitive microprobes. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabm3596. [PMID: 35857494 PMCID: PMC9278862 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abm3596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Molecular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) holds great promise for diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring in a wide range of diseases. However, the low intrinsic sensitivity of MRI to detect exogenous contrast agents and the lack of biodegradable microprobes have prevented its clinical development. Here, we synthetized a contrast agent for molecular MRI based on a previously unknown mechanism of self-assembly of catechol-coated magnetite nanocrystals into microsized matrix-based particles. The resulting biodegradable microprobes (M3P for microsized matrix-based magnetic particles) carry up to 40,000 times higher amounts of superparamagnetic material than classically used nanoparticles while preserving favorable biocompatibility and excellent water dispersibility. After conjugation to monoclonal antibodies, targeted M3P display high sensitivity and specificity to detect inflammation in vivo in the brain, kidneys, and intestinal mucosa. The high payload of superparamagnetic material, excellent toxicity profile, short circulation half-life, and widespread reactivity of the M3P particles provides a promising platform for clinical translation of immuno-MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Martinez de Lizarrondo
- Normandie Université, UNICAEN, INSERM, PhIND (Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders), Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie, Cyceron, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Charlene Jacqmarcq
- Normandie Université, UNICAEN, INSERM, PhIND (Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders), Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie, Cyceron, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Mikael Naveau
- Normandie Université, UMS 3408 Cyceron, CNRS, University of Caen Normandy, GIP CYCERON, Caen, France
| | - Manuel Navarro-Oviedo
- Normandie Université, UNICAEN, INSERM, PhIND (Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders), Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie, Cyceron, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Swannie Pedron
- Normandie Université, UNICAEN, INSERM, PhIND (Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders), Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie, Cyceron, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Alexandre Adam
- Institut de Physique et de Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS), UMR-7504 CNRS—Université de Strasbourg, 23 rue du Lœss, 67034 Strasbourg, France
| | - Barbara Freis
- Institut de Physique et de Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS), UMR-7504 CNRS—Université de Strasbourg, 23 rue du Lœss, 67034 Strasbourg, France
| | - Stephane Allouche
- CHU Caen, Department of Biochemistry, CHU de Caen Côte de Nacre, Caen, France
| | - Didier Goux
- Centre de Microscopie Appliquée à la Biologie (CMAbio), UniCaen, Normandie University, SF4206 Icore, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Sarah Razafindrakoto
- MSC, Université de Paris CNRS, UMR7057, 45 rue des Saints Pères 75006, Paris, France
| | - Florence Gazeau
- MSC, Université de Paris CNRS, UMR7057, 45 rue des Saints Pères 75006, Paris, France
| | - Damien Mertz
- Institut de Physique et de Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS), UMR-7504 CNRS—Université de Strasbourg, 23 rue du Lœss, 67034 Strasbourg, France
| | - Denis Vivien
- Normandie Université, UNICAEN, INSERM, PhIND (Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders), Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie, Cyceron, 14000 Caen, France
- CHU Caen, Clinical Research Department, CHU de Caen Côte de Nacre, Caen, France
| | - Thomas Bonnard
- Normandie Université, UNICAEN, INSERM, PhIND (Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders), Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie, Cyceron, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Maxime Gauberti
- Normandie Université, UNICAEN, INSERM, PhIND (Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders), Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie, Cyceron, 14000 Caen, France
- CHU Caen, Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Interventional Radiology, CHU de Caen Côte de Nacre, Caen, France
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17
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Hirata T, Itokazu T, Sasaki A, Sugihara F, Yamashita T. Humanized Anti-RGMa Antibody Treatment Promotes Repair of Blood-Spinal Cord Barrier Under Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis in Mice. Front Immunol 2022; 13:870126. [PMID: 35784362 PMCID: PMC9241446 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.870126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The lack of established biomarkers which reflect dynamic neuropathological alterations in multiple sclerosis (MS) makes it difficult to determine the therapeutic response to the tested drugs and to identify the key biological process that mediates the beneficial effect of them. In the present study, we applied high-field MR imaging in locally-induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mice to evaluate dynamic changes following treatment with a humanized anti-repulsive guidance molecule-a (RGMa) antibody, a potential drug for MS. Based on the longitudinal evaluation of various MRI parameters including white matter, axon, and myelin integrity as well as blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB) disruption, anti-RGMa antibody treatment exhibited a strong and prompt therapeutic effect on the disrupted BSCB, which was paralleled by functional improvement. The antibody’s effect on BSCB repair was also suggested via GeneChip analysis. Moreover, immunohistochemical analysis revealed that EAE-induced vascular pathology which is characterized by aberrant thickening of endothelial cells and perivascular type I/IV collagen deposits were attenuated by anti-RGMa antibody treatment, further supporting the idea that the BSCB is one of the key therapeutic targets of anti-RGMa antibody. Importantly, the extent of BSCB disruption detected by MRI could predict late-phase demyelination, and the predictability of myelin integrity based on the extent of acute-phase BSCB disruption was compromised following anti-RGMa antibody treatment. These results strongly support the concept that longitudinal MRI with simultaneous DCE-MRI and DTI analysis can be used as an imaging biomarker and is useful for unbiased prioritization of the key biological process that mediates the therapeutic effect of tested drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Hirata
- Department of Neuro-Medical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
- Sohyaku, Innovative Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Takahide Itokazu
- Department of Neuro-Medical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
- *Correspondence: Toshihide Yamashita, ; Takahide Itokazu,
| | - Atsushi Sasaki
- Department of Neuro-Medical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
- Sohyaku, Innovative Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Fuminori Sugihara
- Central Instrumentation Laboratory, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Toshihide Yamashita
- Department of Neuro-Medical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, World Premier International Research Center Initiative (WPI)-Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
- *Correspondence: Toshihide Yamashita, ; Takahide Itokazu,
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18
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Lebas H, Guérit S, Picot A, Boulay AC, Fournier A, Vivien D, Cohen Salmon M, Docagne F, Bardou I. PAI-1 production by reactive astrocytes drives tissue dysfibrinolysis in multiple sclerosis models. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:323. [PMID: 35633384 PMCID: PMC11072877 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04340-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In multiple sclerosis (MS), disturbance of the plasminogen activation system (PAS) and blood brain barrier (BBB) disruption are physiopathological processes that might lead to an abnormal fibrin(ogen) extravasation into the parenchyma. Fibrin(ogen) deposits, usually degraded by the PAS, promote an autoimmune response and subsequent demyelination. However, the PAS disruption is not well understood and not fully characterized in this disorder. METHODS Here, we characterized the expression of PAS actors during different stages of two mouse models of MS (experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis-EAE), in the central nervous system (CNS) by quantitative RT-PCR, immunohistofluorescence and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH). Thanks to constitutive PAI-1 knockout mice (PAI-1 KO) and an immunotherapy using a blocking PAI-1 antibody, we evaluated the role of PAI-1 in EAE models and its impact on physiopathological processes such as fibrin(ogen) deposits, lymphocyte infiltration and demyelination. RESULTS We report a striking overexpression of PAI-1 in reactive astrocytes during symptomatic phases, in two EAE mouse models of MS. This increase is concomitant with lymphocyte infiltration and fibrin(ogen) deposits in CNS parenchyma. By genetic invalidation of PAI-1 in mice and immunotherapy using a blocking PAI-1 antibody, we demonstrate that abolition of PAI-1 reduces the severity of EAE and occurrence of relapses in two EAE models. These benefits are correlated with a decrease in fibrin(ogen) deposits, infiltration of T4 lymphocytes, reactive astrogliosis, demyelination and axonal damage. CONCLUSION These results demonstrate that a deleterious overexpression of PAI-1 by reactive astrocytes leads to intra-parenchymal dysfibrinolysis in MS models and anti-PAI-1 strategies could be a new therapeutic perspective for MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Héloïse Lebas
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM UMR-S U1237, Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders (PhIND), GIP Cyceron, Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie (BB@C), 14000, Caen, France
| | - Sylvaine Guérit
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM UMR-S U1237, Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders (PhIND), GIP Cyceron, Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie (BB@C), 14000, Caen, France
| | - Audrey Picot
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM UMR-S U1237, Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders (PhIND), GIP Cyceron, Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie (BB@C), 14000, Caen, France
| | - Anne Cécile Boulay
- Collège de France, Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB)/Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7241/Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale INSERM, U1050/75231, Paris CEDEX 05, France
| | - Antoine Fournier
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM UMR-S U1237, Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders (PhIND), GIP Cyceron, Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie (BB@C), 14000, Caen, France
| | - Denis Vivien
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM UMR-S U1237, Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders (PhIND), GIP Cyceron, Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie (BB@C), 14000, Caen, France
- Department of Clinical Research, Caen University Hospital, CHU Caen, Caen, France
| | - Martine Cohen Salmon
- Collège de France, Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB)/Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7241/Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale INSERM, U1050/75231, Paris CEDEX 05, France
| | - Fabian Docagne
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM UMR-S U1237, Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders (PhIND), GIP Cyceron, Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie (BB@C), 14000, Caen, France
- Département de l'information scientifique et de la communication (DISC), INSERM, 75654, Paris cedex 13, France
| | - Isabelle Bardou
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM UMR-S U1237, Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders (PhIND), GIP Cyceron, Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie (BB@C), 14000, Caen, France.
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19
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Gauberti M, Martinez de Lizarrondo S. Molecular MRI of Neuroinflammation: Time to Overcome the Translational Roadblock. Neuroscience 2021; 474:30-36. [PMID: 34450211 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The ability to detect a molecular target in the central nervous system non-invasively and at high spatial resolution using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has attracted the interest of researchers for several decades. Yet, molecular MRI studies remain restricted to the preclinical stage and the path to clinical translation remains unclear. The focus of molecular MRI of neuroinflammation has moved from parenchymal to vascular targets, that are more easily reachable by intravenously injected probes. This has allowed the use of large superparamagnetic probes, such as micro-sized particles of iron oxide (MPIO), that dramatically improved the sensitivity of molecular MRI compared to smaller contrast agents. In particular, recent studies demonstrated the feasibility of unraveling inflammation in the brain by MRI using MPIO able to bind activated endothelial cells with potential applications in neurovascular, neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative disorders. In the present review, we present the most striking advances in the field and the remaining challenges that must be overcome before clinical use of molecular MRI of neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Gauberti
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM, PhIND "Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders", Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie, Cyceron, 14000 Caen, France; CHU Caen, Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Interventional radiology, CHU de Caen Côte de Nacre, Caen, France.
| | - Sara Martinez de Lizarrondo
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM, PhIND "Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders", Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie, Cyceron, 14000 Caen, France.
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20
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Zarghami N, Soto MS, Perez-Balderas F, Khrapitchev AA, Karali CS, Johanssen VA, Ansorge O, Larkin JR, Sibson NR. A novel molecular magnetic resonance imaging agent targeting activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule as demonstrated in mouse brain metastasis models. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2021; 41:1592-1607. [PMID: 33153376 PMCID: PMC8217895 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x20968943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Molecular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) allows visualization of biological processes at the molecular level. Upregulation of endothelial ALCAM (activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule) is a key element for leukocyte recruitment in neurological disease. The aim of this study, therefore, was to develop a novel molecular MRI contrast agent, by conjugating anti-ALCAM antibodies to microparticles of iron oxide (MPIO), for detection of endothelial ALCAM expression in vivo. Binding specificity of ALCAM-MPIO was demonstrated in vitro under static and flow conditions. Subsequently, in a proof-of-concept study, mouse models of brain metastasis were induced by intracardial injection of brain-tropic human breast carcinoma, lung adenocarcinoma or melanoma cells to upregulate endothelial ALCAM. At selected time-points, mice were injected intravenously with ALCAM-MPIO, and ALCAM-MPIO induced hypointensities were observed on T2*-weighted images in all three models. Post-gadolinium MRI confirmed an intact blood-brain barrier, indicating endoluminal binding. Correlation between endothelial ALCAM expression and ALCAM-MPIO binding was confirmed histologically. Statistical analysis indicated high sensitivity (80-90%) and specificity (79-83%) for detection of endothelial ALCAM in vivo with ALCAM-MPIO. Given reports of endothelial ALCAM upregulation in numerous neurological diseases, this advance in our ability to image ALCAM in vivo may yield substantial improvements for both diagnosis and targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niloufar Zarghami
- Cancer Research UK and Medical Research Council Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Manuel Sarmiento Soto
- Cancer Research UK and Medical Research Council Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Francisco Perez-Balderas
- Cancer Research UK and Medical Research Council Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Alexandre A Khrapitchev
- Cancer Research UK and Medical Research Council Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Christina Simoglou Karali
- Cancer Research UK and Medical Research Council Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Vanessa A Johanssen
- Cancer Research UK and Medical Research Council Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Olaf Ansorge
- Department of Clinical Neuropathology, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - James R Larkin
- Cancer Research UK and Medical Research Council Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Nicola R Sibson
- Cancer Research UK and Medical Research Council Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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21
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Investigating the blood-spinal cord barrier in preclinical models: a systematic review of in vivo imaging techniques. Spinal Cord 2021; 59:596-612. [PMID: 33742118 DOI: 10.1038/s41393-021-00623-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN This study is a systematic review. OBJECTIVES To evaluate current in vivo techniques used in the investigation of the blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB). METHODS Search of English language literature for animal studies that investigated the BSCB in vivo. Data extraction included animal model/type, protocol for BSCB evaluation, and study outcomes. Descriptive syntheses are provided. RESULTS A total of 40 studies were included, which mainly investigated rodent models of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) or spinal cord injury (SCI). The main techniques used were magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and intravital microscopy (IVM). MRI served as a reliable tool to longitudinally track BSCB permeability changes with dynamic contrast enhancement (DCE) using gadolinium, or assess inflammatory infiltrations with targeted alternative contrast agents. IVM provided high-resolution visualization of cellular and molecular interactions across the microvasculature, commonly with either epi-fluorescence or two-photon microscopy. MRI and IVM techniques enabled the evaluation of therapeutic interventions and mechanisms that drive spinal cord dysfunction in EAE and SCI. A small number of studies demonstrated the feasibility of DCE-computed tomography, ultrasound, bioluminescent, and fluorescent optical imaging methods to evaluate the BSCB. Technique-specific limitations and multiple protocols for image acquisition and data analyses are described for all techniques. CONCLUSION There are few in vivo investigations of the BSCB. Additional studies are needed in less commonly studied spinal cord disorders, and to establish standardized protocols for data acquisition and analysis. Further development of techniques and multimodal approaches could overcome current imaging limitations to the spinal cord. These advancements might promote wider adoption of techniques, and can provide greater potential for clinical translation.
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22
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Zhang Q, Dai X, Zhang H, Zeng Y, Luo K, Li W. Recent advances in development of nanomedicines for multiple sclerosis diagnosis. Biomed Mater 2021; 16:024101. [PMID: 33472182 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/abddf4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurodegenerative disease with a high morbidity and disease burden. It is characterized by the loss of the myelin sheath, resulting in the disruption of neuron electrical signal transmissions and sensory and motor ability deficits. The diagnosis of MS is crucial to its management, but the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity are always a challenge. To overcome this challenge, nanomedicines have recently been employed to aid the diagnosis of MS with an improved diagnostic efficacy. Advances in nanomedicine-based contrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging scanning of MS lesions, and nanomedicine-derived sensors for detecting biomarkers in the cerebrospinal fluid biopsy, or analyzing the composition of exhaled breath gas, have demonstrated the potential of using nanomedicines in the accurate diagnosis of MS. This review aims to provide an overview of recent advances in the application of nanomedicines for the diagnosis of MS and concludes with perspectives of using nanomedicines for the development of safe and effective MS diagnostic nanotools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Department of Postgraduate Students, and Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China. West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China. These authors contributed equally to this work
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23
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Wagnon I, Hélie P, Bardou I, Regnauld C, Lesec L, Leprince J, Naveau M, Delaunay B, Toutirais O, Lemauff B, Etard O, Vivien D, Agin V, Macrez R, Maubert E, Docagne F. Autoimmune encephalitis mediated by B-cell response against N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor. Brain 2021; 143:2957-2972. [PMID: 32893288 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awaa250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis is a neuropsychiatric disease characterized by an antibody-mediated autoimmune response against NMDAR. Recent studies have shown that anti-NMDAR antibodies are involved in the pathophysiology of the disease. However, the upstream immune and inflammatory processes responsible for this pathogenic response are still poorly understood. Here, we immunized mice against the region of NMDA receptor containing the N368/G369 amino acids, previously implicated in a pathogenic response. This paradigm induced encephalopathy characterized by blood-brain barrier opening, periventricular T2-MRI hyperintensities and IgG deposits into the brain parenchyma. Two weeks after immunization, mice developed clinical symptoms reminiscent of encephalitis: anxiety- and depressive-like behaviours, spatial memory impairment (without motor disorders) and increased sensitivity to seizures. This response occurred independently of overt T-cell recruitment. However, it was associated with B220+ (B cell) infiltration towards the ventricles, where they differentiated into CD138+ cells (plasmocytes). Interestingly, these B cells originated from peripheral lymphoid organs (spleen and cervical lymphoid nodes). Finally, blocking the B-cell response using a depleting cocktail of antibodies reduced the severity of symptoms in encephalitis mice. This study demonstrates that the B-cell response can lead to an autoimmune reaction against NMDAR that drives encephalitis-like behavioural impairments. It also provides a relevant platform for dissecting encephalitogenic mechanisms in an animal model, and enables the testing of therapeutic strategies targeting the immune system in anti-NMDAR encephalitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Wagnon
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM, U1237, PhIND "Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders", Institut Blood and Brain at Caen-Normandie, Cyceron, Caen, France
| | - Pauline Hélie
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM, U1237, PhIND "Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders", Institut Blood and Brain at Caen-Normandie, Cyceron, Caen, France
| | - Isabelle Bardou
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM, U1237, PhIND "Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders", Institut Blood and Brain at Caen-Normandie, Cyceron, Caen, France
| | - Caroline Regnauld
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM, U1237, PhIND "Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders", Institut Blood and Brain at Caen-Normandie, Cyceron, Caen, France
| | - Léonie Lesec
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM, U1237, PhIND "Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders", Institut Blood and Brain at Caen-Normandie, Cyceron, Caen, France
| | - Jerôme Leprince
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, INSERM, U1239, Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication, Rouen, France
| | - Mikaël Naveau
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, CNRS UMS 3408, Cyceron, Caen, France
| | - Barbara Delaunay
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM, U1237, PhIND "Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders", Institut Blood and Brain at Caen-Normandie, Cyceron, Caen, France
| | - Olivier Toutirais
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM, U1237, PhIND "Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders", Institut Blood and Brain at Caen-Normandie, Cyceron, Caen, France
- Department of Immunology, Caen University Hospital, CHU Caen, Caen, France
| | - Brigitte Lemauff
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM, U1237, PhIND "Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders", Institut Blood and Brain at Caen-Normandie, Cyceron, Caen, France
- Department of Immunology, Caen University Hospital, CHU Caen, Caen, France
| | - Olivier Etard
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, ISTS, EA 7466, Cyceron, Caen, France
- Service des explorations fonctionnelles du système nerveux, CHU de Caen, Caen, France
| | - Denis Vivien
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM, U1237, PhIND "Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders", Institut Blood and Brain at Caen-Normandie, Cyceron, Caen, France
- Department of Clinical Research, Caen University Hospital, CHU Caen, Caen, France
| | - Véronique Agin
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM, U1237, PhIND "Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders", Institut Blood and Brain at Caen-Normandie, Cyceron, Caen, France
| | - Richard Macrez
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM, U1237, PhIND "Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders", Institut Blood and Brain at Caen-Normandie, Cyceron, Caen, France
- Emergency Department, Caen University Hospital, CHU Caen, Caen France
| | - Eric Maubert
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM, U1237, PhIND "Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders", Institut Blood and Brain at Caen-Normandie, Cyceron, Caen, France
| | - Fabian Docagne
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM, U1237, PhIND "Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders", Institut Blood and Brain at Caen-Normandie, Cyceron, Caen, France
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24
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New Opportunities for Diagnosis and Prognosis of Stroke: The Benefits of Across Border Approaches. Hamostaseologie 2021; 41:22-24. [PMID: 33588450 DOI: 10.1055/a-1339-7401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of disability, with its treatment not yet optimal. It is thus mandatory to make preclinical research on this topic more efficient. This review summarizes current development of research aimed to improve diagnosis and prognosis of ischemic stroke. For more details, see our recent review published in Lancet Neurology.
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25
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Rosenkranz SC, Shaposhnykov AA, Träger S, Engler JB, Witte ME, Roth V, Vieira V, Paauw N, Bauer S, Schwencke-Westphal C, Schubert C, Bal LC, Schattling B, Pless O, van Horssen J, Freichel M, Friese MA. Enhancing mitochondrial activity in neurons protects against neurodegeneration in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis. eLife 2021; 10:61798. [PMID: 33565962 PMCID: PMC7993994 DOI: 10.7554/elife.61798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
While transcripts of neuronal mitochondrial genes are strongly suppressed in central nervous system inflammation, it is unknown whether this results in mitochondrial dysfunction and whether an increase of mitochondrial function can rescue neurodegeneration. Here, we show that predominantly genes of the electron transport chain are suppressed in inflamed mouse neurons, resulting in impaired mitochondrial complex IV activity. This was associated with post-translational inactivation of the transcriptional co-regulator proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α). In mice, neuronal overexpression of Ppargc1a, which encodes for PGC-1α, led to increased numbers of mitochondria, complex IV activity, and maximum respiratory capacity. Moreover, Ppargc1a-overexpressing neurons showed a higher mitochondrial membrane potential that related to an improved calcium buffering capacity. Accordingly, neuronal deletion of Ppargc1a aggravated neurodegeneration during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, while neuronal overexpression of Ppargc1a ameliorated it. Our study provides systemic insights into mitochondrial dysfunction in neurons during inflammation and commends elevation of mitochondrial activity as a promising neuroprotective strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina C Rosenkranz
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis (INIMS), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Artem A Shaposhnykov
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis (INIMS), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Simone Träger
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis (INIMS), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jan Broder Engler
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis (INIMS), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Maarten E Witte
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam UMC, MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Vanessa Roth
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis (INIMS), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Vanessa Vieira
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis (INIMS), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nanne Paauw
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Simone Bauer
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis (INIMS), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Celina Schwencke-Westphal
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis (INIMS), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Charlotte Schubert
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis (INIMS), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lukas Can Bal
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis (INIMS), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Benjamin Schattling
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis (INIMS), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ole Pless
- Fraunhofer ITMP ScreeningPort, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jack van Horssen
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Marc Freichel
- Institute of Pharmacology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Manuel A Friese
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis (INIMS), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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26
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Erdener ŞE, Tang J, Kılıç K, Postnov D, Giblin JT, Kura S, Chen ICA, Vayisoğlu T, Sakadžić S, Schaffer CB, Boas DA. Dynamic capillary stalls in reperfused ischemic penumbra contribute to injury: A hyperacute role for neutrophils in persistent traffic jams. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2021; 41:236-252. [PMID: 32237951 PMCID: PMC8370003 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x20914179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Ever since the introduction of thrombolysis and the subsequent expansion of endovascular treatments for acute ischemic stroke, it remains to be identified why the actual outcomes are less favorable despite recanalization. Here, by high spatio-temporal resolution imaging of capillary circulation in mice, we introduce the pathological phenomenon of dynamic flow stalls in cerebral capillaries, occurring persistently in salvageable penumbra after reperfusion. These stalls, which are different from permanent cellular plugs of no-reflow, were temporarily and repetitively occurring in the capillary network, impairing the overall circulation like small focal traffic jams. In vivo microscopy in the ischemic penumbra revealed leukocytes traveling slowly through capillary lumen or getting stuck, while red blood cell flow was being disturbed in the neighboring segments under reperfused conditions. Stall dynamics could be modulated, by injection of an anti-Ly6G antibody specifically targeting neutrophils. Decreased number and duration of stalls were associated with improvement in penumbral blood flow within 2-24 h after reperfusion along with increased capillary oxygenation, decreased cellular damage and improved functional outcome. Thereby, dynamic microcirculatory stall phenomenon can be a contributing factor to ongoing penumbral injury and is a potential hyperacute mechanism adding on previous observations of detrimental effects of activated neutrophils in ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Şefik E Erdener
- Neurophotonics Center, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.,Optics Division, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Jianbo Tang
- Neurophotonics Center, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.,Optics Division, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Kıvılcım Kılıç
- Neurophotonics Center, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dmitry Postnov
- Neurophotonics Center, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - John T Giblin
- Neurophotonics Center, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sreekanth Kura
- Neurophotonics Center, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - I-Chun A Chen
- Neurophotonics Center, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tuğberk Vayisoğlu
- Neurophotonics Center, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sava Sakadžić
- Optics Division, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Chris B Schaffer
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - David A Boas
- Neurophotonics Center, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
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27
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Fournier AP, Martinez de Lizarrondo S, Rateau A, Gerard-Brisou A, Waldner MJ, Neurath MF, Vivien D, Docagne F, Gauberti M. Ultrasensitive molecular imaging of intestinal mucosal inflammation using leukocyte-mimicking particles targeted to MAdCAM-1 in mice. Sci Transl Med 2020; 12:12/560/eaaz4047. [DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aaz4047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Mucosal tissues play critical roles in health and disease as the primary barrier between the external world and the inner body, lining the digestive, respiratory, urinary, mammary, and reproductive tracts. Clinical evaluation of mucosal tissues is currently performed using endoscopy, such as ileocolonoscopy for the intestinal mucosa, which causes substantial patient discomfort and can lead to organ damage. Here, we developed a contrast agent for molecular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) that is targeted to mucosal vascular addressin cell adhesion molecule 1 (MAdCAM-1), an adhesion molecule overexpressed by inflamed mucosal tissues. We investigated the diagnostic performance of molecular MRI of MAdCAM-1 to detect mucosal inflammation in several models of acute and chronic intestinal inflammation in mice. We demonstrated that molecular MRI of MAdCAM-1 reveals disease activity and can evaluate the response to inflammatory treatments along the whole intestinal mucosa in clinically relevant models of inflammatory bowel diseases. We also provide evidence that this technique can detect low, subclinical mucosal inflammation. Molecular MRI of MAdCAM-1 has potential applications in early diagnosis, longitudinal follow-up, and therapeutic response monitoring in diseases affecting mucosal tissues, such as inflammatory bowel diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine P. Fournier
- Normandie Université, UNICAEN, INSERM, PhIND “Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders”, Institut Blood and Brain at Caen-Normandie, Cyceron, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Sara Martinez de Lizarrondo
- Normandie Université, UNICAEN, INSERM, PhIND “Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders”, Institut Blood and Brain at Caen-Normandie, Cyceron, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Adrien Rateau
- CHU Caen, Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Interventional Radiology, CHU de Caen Côte de Nacre, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Axel Gerard-Brisou
- CHU Caen, Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Interventional Radiology, CHU de Caen Côte de Nacre, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Maximilian J. Waldner
- Department of Medicine 1, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Kussmaul Campus for Medical Research and Translational Research Center, Ulmenweg 18, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Markus F. Neurath
- Department of Medicine 1, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Kussmaul Campus for Medical Research and Translational Research Center, Ulmenweg 18, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Ulmenweg 18, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Denis Vivien
- Normandie Université, UNICAEN, INSERM, PhIND “Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders”, Institut Blood and Brain at Caen-Normandie, Cyceron, 14000 Caen, France
- CHU Caen, Clinical Research Department, CHU de Caen Côte de Nacre, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Fabian Docagne
- Normandie Université, UNICAEN, INSERM, PhIND “Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders”, Institut Blood and Brain at Caen-Normandie, Cyceron, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Maxime Gauberti
- Normandie Université, UNICAEN, INSERM, PhIND “Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders”, Institut Blood and Brain at Caen-Normandie, Cyceron, 14000 Caen, France
- CHU Caen, Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Interventional Radiology, CHU de Caen Côte de Nacre, 14000 Caen, France
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28
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Melero-Jerez C, Alonso-Gómez A, Moñivas E, Lebrón-Galán R, Machín-Díaz I, de Castro F, Clemente D. The proportion of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in the spleen is related to the severity of the clinical course and tissue damage extent in a murine model of multiple sclerosis. Neurobiol Dis 2020; 140:104869. [PMID: 32278882 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2020.104869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is the second cause of paraplegia among young adults, after all types of CNS traumatic lesions. In its most frequent relapsing-remitting form, the severity of the disease course is very heterogeneous, and its reliable evaluation remains a key issue for clinicians. Myeloid-Derived sSuppressor Cells (MDSCs) are immature myeloid cells that suppress the inflammatory response, a phenomenon related to the resolution or recovery of the clinical symptoms associated with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), the most common model for MS. Here, we establish the severity index as a new parameter for the clinical assessment in EAE. It is derived from the relationship between the maximal clinical score and the time elapsed since disease onset. Moreover, we relate this new index with several histopathological hallmarks in EAE and with the peripheral content of MDSCs. Based on this new parameter, we show that the splenic MDSC content is related to the evolution of the clinical course of EAE, ranging from mild to severe. Indeed, when the severity index indicates a severe disease course, EAE mice display more intense lymphocyte infiltration, demyelination and axonal damage. A direct correlation was drawn between the MDSC population in the peripheral immune system, and the preservation of myelin and axons, which was also correlated with T cell apoptosis within the CNS (being these cells the main target for MDSC suppression). The data presented clearly indicated that the severity index is a suitable tool to analyze disease severity in EAE. Moreover, our data suggest a clear relationship between circulating MDSC enrichment and disease outcome, opening new perspectives for the future targeting of this population as an indicator of MS severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Melero-Jerez
- Grupo de Neuroinmuno-Reparación, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, Finca La Peraleda s/n, 45071 Toledo, Spain; Grupo de Neurobiología del Desarrollo-GNDe, Instituto Cajal-CSIC, Avenida Doctor Arce 37, 28002 Madrid, Spain
| | - Aitana Alonso-Gómez
- Grupo de Neuroinmuno-Reparación, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, Finca La Peraleda s/n, 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - Esther Moñivas
- Grupo de Neuroinmuno-Reparación, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, Finca La Peraleda s/n, 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - Rafael Lebrón-Galán
- Grupo de Neuroinmuno-Reparación, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, Finca La Peraleda s/n, 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - Isabel Machín-Díaz
- Grupo de Neuroinmuno-Reparación, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, Finca La Peraleda s/n, 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - Fernando de Castro
- Grupo de Neurobiología del Desarrollo-GNDe, Instituto Cajal-CSIC, Avenida Doctor Arce 37, 28002 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Diego Clemente
- Grupo de Neuroinmuno-Reparación, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, Finca La Peraleda s/n, 45071 Toledo, Spain.
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29
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Imagerie moléculaire par IRM de la neuroinflammation : un problème de taille. J Neuroradiol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurad.2019.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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30
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Selective targeting of nanomedicine to inflamed cerebral vasculature to enhance the blood-brain barrier. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:3405-3414. [PMID: 32005712 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1912012117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug targeting to inflammatory brain pathologies such as stroke and traumatic brain injury remains an elusive goal. Using a mouse model of acute brain inflammation induced by local tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), we found that uptake of intravenously injected antibody to vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (anti-VCAM) in the inflamed brain is >10-fold greater than antibodies to transferrin receptor-1 and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (TfR-1 and ICAM-1). Furthermore, uptake of anti-VCAM/liposomes exceeded that of anti-TfR and anti-ICAM counterparts by ∼27- and ∼8-fold, respectively, achieving brain/blood ratio >300-fold higher than that of immunoglobulin G/liposomes. Single-photon emission computed tomography imaging affirmed specific anti-VCAM/liposome targeting to inflamed brain in mice. Intravital microscopy via cranial window and flow cytometry showed that in the inflamed brain anti-VCAM/liposomes bind to endothelium, not to leukocytes. Anti-VCAM/LNP selectively accumulated in the inflamed brain, providing de novo expression of proteins encoded by cargo messenger RNA (mRNA). Anti-VCAM/LNP-mRNA mediated expression of thrombomodulin (a natural endothelial inhibitor of thrombosis, inflammation, and vascular leakage) and alleviated TNFα-induced brain edema. Thus VCAM-directed nanocarriers provide a platform for cerebrovascular targeting to inflamed brain, with the goal of normalizing the integrity of the blood-brain barrier, thus benefiting numerous brain pathologies.
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31
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Charabati M, Rabanel JM, Ramassamy C, Prat A. Overcoming the Brain Barriers: From Immune Cells to Nanoparticles. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2019; 41:42-54. [PMID: 31839374 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2019.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticulate carriers, often referred to as nanoparticles (NPs), represent an important pharmacological advance for drug protection and tissue-specific drug delivery. Accessing the central nervous system (CNS), however, is a complex process regulated by mainly three brain barriers. While some leukocyte (i.e., immune cell) subsets are equipped with the adequate molecular machinery to infiltrate the CNS in physiological and/or pathological contexts, the successful delivery of NPs into the CNS remains hindered by the tightness of the brain barriers. Here, we present an overview of the three major brain barriers and the mechanisms allowing leukocytes to migrate across each of them. We subsequently review different immune-inspired and -mediated strategies to deliver NPs into the CNS. Finally, we discuss the prospect of exploiting leukocyte trafficking mechanisms for further progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Charabati
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, and Neuroimmunology Unit, Centre de Recherche du CHUM (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Jean-Michel Rabanel
- INRS, Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, 531, Boulevard des Prairies, Laval, QC, Canada
| | - Charles Ramassamy
- INRS, Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, 531, Boulevard des Prairies, Laval, QC, Canada.
| | - Alexandre Prat
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, and Neuroimmunology Unit, Centre de Recherche du CHUM (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada.
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32
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Longitudinal Molecular Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Endothelial Activation after Severe Traumatic Brain Injury. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8081134. [PMID: 31366109 PMCID: PMC6722937 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8081134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of death and disability. Despite progress in neurosurgery and critical care, patients still lack a form of neuroprotective treatment that can counteract or attenuate injury progression. Inflammation after TBI is a key modulator of injury progression and neurodegeneration, but its spatiotemporal dissemination is only partially known. In vivo approaches to study post-traumatic inflammation longitudinally are pivotal for monitoring injury progression/recovery and the effectiveness of therapeutic approaches. Here, we provide a minimally invasive, highly sensitive in vivo molecular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characterization of endothelial activation associated to neuroinflammatory response after severe TBI in mice, using microparticles of iron oxide targeting P-selectin (MPIOs-α-P-selectin). Strong endothelial activation was detected from 24 h in perilesional regions, including the cortex and hippocampus, and peaked in intensity and diffusion at two days, then partially decreased but persisted up to seven days and was back to baseline 15 days after injury. There was a close correspondence between MPIOs-α-P-selectin signal voids and the P-selectin stained area, confirming maximal endothelial activation at two days. Molecular MRI markers of inflammation may thus represent a useful tool to evaluate in vivo endothelial activation in TBI and monitoring the responses to therapeutic agents targeting vascular activation and permeability.
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33
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Fournier AP, Gauberti M, Quenault A, Vivien D, Macrez R, Docagne F. Reduced spinal cord parenchymal cerebrospinal fluid circulation in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2019; 39:1258-1265. [PMID: 29376456 PMCID: PMC6668509 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x18754732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
An alteration of parenchymal cerebrospinal fluid circulation (CSF) has been proposed to take part in the pathophysiology of multiple sclerosis. By using an intragate T1-weighted high-resolution MRI of the spinal cord of freely breathing mice injected with a gadolinium chelate in the cisterna magna, we show that a parenchymal CSF circulation exists in the spinal cord, in addition to that originally described in the brain. In experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, a model of multiple sclerosis, we show a reduction of parenchymal CSF circulation specifically in the spinal cord but not in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine P Fournier
- 1 Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders (PhIND), Normandie University, Caen, France
| | - Maxime Gauberti
- 1 Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders (PhIND), Normandie University, Caen, France
| | - Aurélien Quenault
- 1 Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders (PhIND), Normandie University, Caen, France
| | - Denis Vivien
- 1 Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders (PhIND), Normandie University, Caen, France.,2 Department of Clinical Research, CHU Côte de Nacre, Caen, France
| | - Richard Macrez
- 1 Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders (PhIND), Normandie University, Caen, France.,3 Emergency Medical Service (SAMU 14), Caen University Hospital, Caen, France.,4 Emergency Department, Caen University Hospital, Caen, France
| | - Fabian Docagne
- 1 Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders (PhIND), Normandie University, Caen, France
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34
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Pol S, Schweser F, Bertolino N, Preda M, Sveinsson M, Sudyn M, Babek N, Zivadinov R. Characterization of leptomeningeal inflammation in rodent experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model of multiple sclerosis. Exp Neurol 2019; 314:82-90. [PMID: 30684521 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2019.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leptomeningeal inflammation, as evidenced by leptomeningeal contrast enhancement (LMCE), is associated to cortical pathology in multiple sclerosis. The temporal pattern of LMCE in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) is unknown. OBJECTIVE To investigate LMCE using serial MRI in the EAE model of MS, and its association with clinical disease progression. To characterize the relationship between LMCE and underlying histological correlates. DESIGN Thirteen C57BL/6J mice, MOG-immunized (35-55 amino acid) and 8 saline injected animals were assessed at pre-induction and at 3, 6, 10, 20, 27, 32, 45 and 63 days post induction (dPI). LMCE scan was obtained using FLAIR-RARE sequence after post-contrast gadolinium administration on 9.4 T scanner. Brain cryo-sections were assessed for measuring cellular density of Iba1 positive macrophage/microglia at 10 dPI and 32 dPI, and for the presence of T, B and macrophage cells in the meningeal layer at 10 dPI and 63 dPI. RESULTS All EAE-MOG animals showed presence of LMCE and none of the control mice. The peak signal intensity of LMCE was evidenced at 10dPI in the meninges and decreased through 10-63 dPI. The peak of LMCE was associated with a weight loss starting at 1 week PI and with clinical symptoms starting at 2 weeks PI. Histological analysis of the brain tissue showed a higher density of Iba1 positive microglial cells in the EAE-MOG animals, corresponding to the areas of LMCE. Meninges of EAE mice showed higher density of Iba1 stained macrophage cells relative to saline animals. EAE animals also showed the presence of T and B cells in the meninges which were absent in the saline animals. CONCLUSIONS LMCE peak intensity in the meninges corresponds to the acute inflammatory phase of EAE-MOG disease progression, and is associated with clinical symptoms and higher inflammatory cell density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suyog Pol
- Buffalo Neuroimaging Analysis Center, Department of Neurology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Ferdinand Schweser
- Buffalo Neuroimaging Analysis Center, Department of Neurology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA; Center for Biomedical Imaging at Clinical Translational Science Institute, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Nicola Bertolino
- Buffalo Neuroimaging Analysis Center, Department of Neurology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Marilena Preda
- Buffalo Neuroimaging Analysis Center, Department of Neurology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Michele Sveinsson
- Buffalo Neuroimaging Analysis Center, Department of Neurology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Michelle Sudyn
- Buffalo Neuroimaging Analysis Center, Department of Neurology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Natan Babek
- Buffalo Neuroimaging Analysis Center, Department of Neurology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Robert Zivadinov
- Buffalo Neuroimaging Analysis Center, Department of Neurology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA; Center for Biomedical Imaging at Clinical Translational Science Institute, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA.
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35
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Marcos-Contreras OA, Brenner JS, Kiseleva RY, Zuluaga-Ramirez V, Greineder CF, Villa CH, Hood ED, Myerson JW, Muro S, Persidsky Y, Muzykantov VR. Combining vascular targeting and the local first pass provides 100-fold higher uptake of ICAM-1-targeted vs untargeted nanocarriers in the inflamed brain. J Control Release 2019; 301:54-61. [PMID: 30871995 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
New advances in intra-arterial (IA) catheters offer clinically proven local interventions in the brain. Here we tested the effect of combining local IA delivery and vascular immunotargeting. Microinjection of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) in the brain parenchyma causes cerebral overexpression of Inter-Cellular Adhesion Molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in mice. Systemic intravenous injection of ICAM-1 antibody (anti-ICAM-1) and anti-ICAM-1/liposomes provided nearly an order of magnitude higher uptake in the inflamed vs normal brain (from ~0.1 to 0.8%ID/g for liposomes). Local injection of anti-ICAM-1 and anti-ICAM-1/liposomes via carotid artery catheter provided an additional respective 2-fold and 5-fold elevation of uptake in the inflamed brain vs levels attained by IV injection. The uptake in the inflamed brain of respective untargeted IgG counterparts was markedly lower (e.g., uptake of anti-ICAM-1/liposomes was 100-fold higher vs IgG/liposomes). These data affirm the specificity of the combined effect of the first pass and immunotargeting. Intravital real-time microscopy via cranial window revealed that anti-ICAM-1/liposomes, but not IgG/liposomes bind to the lumen of blood vessels in the inflamed brain within minutes after injection. This straightforward framework provides the basis for translational efforts towards local vascular drug targeting to the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar A Marcos-Contreras
- Department of Pharmacology, The Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jacob S Brenner
- Department of Pharmacology, The Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Raisa Y Kiseleva
- Department of Pharmacology, The Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Viviana Zuluaga-Ramirez
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Colin F Greineder
- Department of Pharmacology, The Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Carlos H Villa
- Department of Pharmacology, The Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Elizabeth D Hood
- Department of Pharmacology, The Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jacob W Myerson
- Department of Pharmacology, The Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Silvia Muro
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States
| | - Yuri Persidsky
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Vladimir R Muzykantov
- Department of Pharmacology, The Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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Wahsner J, Gale EM, Rodríguez-Rodríguez A, Caravan P. Chemistry of MRI Contrast Agents: Current Challenges and New Frontiers. Chem Rev 2019; 119:957-1057. [PMID: 30350585 PMCID: PMC6516866 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 832] [Impact Index Per Article: 166.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Tens of millions of contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) exams are performed annually around the world. The contrast agents, which improve diagnostic accuracy, are almost exclusively small, hydrophilic gadolinium(III) based chelates. In recent years concerns have arisen surrounding the long-term safety of these compounds, and this has spurred research into alternatives. There has also been a push to develop new molecularly targeted contrast agents or agents that can sense pathological changes in the local environment. This comprehensive review describes the state of the art of clinically approved contrast agents, their mechanism of action, and factors influencing their safety. From there we describe different mechanisms of generating MR image contrast such as relaxation, chemical exchange saturation transfer, and direct detection and the types of molecules that are effective for these purposes. Next we describe efforts to make safer contrast agents either by increasing relaxivity, increasing resistance to metal ion release, or by moving to gadolinium(III)-free alternatives. Finally we survey approaches to make contrast agents more specific for pathology either by direct biochemical targeting or by the design of responsive or activatable contrast agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Wahsner
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging and the Institute for Innovation in Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Eric M. Gale
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging and the Institute for Innovation in Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Aurora Rodríguez-Rodríguez
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging and the Institute for Innovation in Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Peter Caravan
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging and the Institute for Innovation in Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
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Sweeney MD, Zhao Z, Montagne A, Nelson AR, Zlokovic BV. Blood-Brain Barrier: From Physiology to Disease and Back. Physiol Rev 2019; 99:21-78. [PMID: 30280653 PMCID: PMC6335099 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00050.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1170] [Impact Index Per Article: 234.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) prevents neurotoxic plasma components, blood cells, and pathogens from entering the brain. At the same time, the BBB regulates transport of molecules into and out of the central nervous system (CNS), which maintains tightly controlled chemical composition of the neuronal milieu that is required for proper neuronal functioning. In this review, we first examine molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the establishment of the BBB. Then, we focus on BBB transport physiology, endothelial and pericyte transporters, and perivascular and paravascular transport. Next, we discuss rare human monogenic neurological disorders with the primary genetic defect in BBB-associated cells demonstrating the link between BBB breakdown and neurodegeneration. Then, we review the effects of genes underlying inheritance and/or increased susceptibility for Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) on BBB in relation to other pathologies and neurological deficits. We next examine how BBB dysfunction relates to neurological deficits and other pathologies in the majority of sporadic AD, PD, and ALS cases, multiple sclerosis, other neurodegenerative disorders, and acute CNS disorders such as stroke, traumatic brain injury, spinal cord injury, and epilepsy. Lastly, we discuss BBB-based therapeutic opportunities. We conclude with lessons learned and future directions, with emphasis on technological advances to investigate the BBB functions in the living human brain, and at the molecular and cellular level, and address key unanswered questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie D Sweeney
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California ; and Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California
| | - Zhen Zhao
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California ; and Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California
| | - Axel Montagne
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California ; and Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California
| | - Amy R Nelson
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California ; and Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California
| | - Berislav V Zlokovic
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California ; and Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California
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Chien C, Scheel M, Schmitz-Hübsch T, Borisow N, Ruprecht K, Bellmann-Strobl J, Paul F, Brandt AU. Spinal cord lesions and atrophy in NMOSD with AQP4-IgG and MOG-IgG associated autoimmunity. Mult Scler 2018; 25:1926-1936. [PMID: 30475082 DOI: 10.1177/1352458518815596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spinal cord (SC) affection is a hallmark symptom of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD). Patients with aquaporin-4 (AQP4-IgG+) or myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG-IgG+) antibody seropositivity show this overlapping clinical phenotype. OBJECTIVE Quantitative comparison of SC lesions and atrophy in AQP4-IgG+ and MOG-IgG+ NMOSD. METHODS AQP4-IgG+ (n = 38), MOG-IgG+ (n = 15) NMOSD patients and healthy controls (HC, n = 24) were analysed for SC lesion (prevalence, length, location), atrophy as mean upper cervical cord area (MUCCA), Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), timed 25-foot walk speed (T25FWS) and 9-hole peg test (9HPT) measures. RESULTS In total, 92% (35/38) of AQP4-IgG+ and 53% (8/15) of MOG-IgG+ patients had myelitis attacks (χ2 = 6.47, p = 0.011). 65.8%/26.7% of AQP4-/MOG-IgG+ patients had chronic SC lesions (χ2 = 5.16, p = 0.023), with similar proportions in cervical, upper thoracic and lower thoracic cord, and no length differences. MUCCA was decreased in AQP4-IgG+ (t = -2.27, p = 0.028), but not MOG-IgG+ patients (t = 0.58, p = 0.57) compared to HC. MUCCA associated with myelitis attacks (rho = -0.33, p = 0.016), EDSS (rho = -0.31, p = 0.030), pyramidal functional score (rho = -0.42, p = 0.003), T25FWS (r = 0.43, p = 0.010) and 9HPT Z-score (r = 0.32, p = 0.037), regardless of antibody status. CONCLUSION AQP4-IgG+ patients had more myelitis attacks, SC lesions and SC atrophy was more pronounced than in MOG-IgG+ patients. MUCCA is associated with clinical myelitis attacks and disability in all NMOSD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Chien
- NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Scheel
- NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany/Department of Neuroradiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tanja Schmitz-Hübsch
- NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nadja Borisow
- NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany/Department of Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Klemens Ruprecht
- Department of Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Judith Bellmann-Strobl
- NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany/Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Friedemann Paul
- NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany/ Department of Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany/ Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité -Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexander U Brandt
- NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany/Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
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Gauberti M, Fournier AP, Docagne F, Vivien D, Martinez de Lizarrondo S. Molecular Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Endothelial Activation in the Central Nervous System. Theranostics 2018; 8:1195-1212. [PMID: 29507614 PMCID: PMC5835930 DOI: 10.7150/thno.22662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cells of the central nervous system over-express surface proteins during neurological disorders, either as a cause, or a consequence, of the disease. Since the cerebral vasculature is easily accessible by large contrast-carrying particles, it constitutes a target of choice for molecular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In this review, we highlight the most recent advances in molecular MRI of brain endothelial activation and focus on the development of micro-sized particles of iron oxide (MPIO) targeting adhesion molecules including intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1), P-Selectin and E-Selectin. We also discuss the perspectives and challenges for the clinical application of this technology in neurovascular disorders (ischemic stroke, intracranial hemorrhage, subarachnoid hemorrhage, diabetes mellitus), neuroinflammatory disorders (multiple sclerosis, brain infectious diseases, sepsis), neurodegenerative disorders (Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia, aging) and brain cancers (primitive neoplasms, metastasis).
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Gauberti
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM, INSERM UMR-S U1237, Physiopathology and Imaging for Neurological Disorders (PhIND), Cyceron, 14000 Caen, France
- CHU Caen, Department of diagnostic imaging and interventional radiology, CHU de Caen Côte de Nacre, Caen, France
| | - Antoine P. Fournier
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM, INSERM UMR-S U1237, Physiopathology and Imaging for Neurological Disorders (PhIND), Cyceron, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Fabian Docagne
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM, INSERM UMR-S U1237, Physiopathology and Imaging for Neurological Disorders (PhIND), Cyceron, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Denis Vivien
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM, INSERM UMR-S U1237, Physiopathology and Imaging for Neurological Disorders (PhIND), Cyceron, 14000 Caen, France
- CHU Caen, Clinical Research Department, CHU de Caen Côte de Nacre, Caen, France
| | - Sara Martinez de Lizarrondo
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM, INSERM UMR-S U1237, Physiopathology and Imaging for Neurological Disorders (PhIND), Cyceron, 14000 Caen, France
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Abstract
The blood-brain interface (BBI) is the subject of a new named series at Brain, Behavior, and Immunity. It is timely to reflect on a number of advances in the field within the last ten years, which may lead to an increased understanding of human behaviour and a wide range of psychiatric and neurological conditions. We cover discoveries made in solute and cell trafficking, endothelial cell and pericyte biology, extracellular matrix and emerging tools, especially those which will enable study of the human BBI. We now recognize the central role of the BBI in a number of immunopsychiatric syndromes, including sickness behaviour, delirium, septic encephalopathy, cognitive side effects of cytokine-based therapies and the frank psychosis observed in neuronal surface antibody syndromes. In addition, we find ourselves interrogating and modulating the brain across the BBI, during diagnostic investigation and treatment of brain disease. The past ten years of BBI research have been exciting but there is more to come.
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Neuroimaging Techniques to Assess Inflammation in Multiple Sclerosis. Neuroscience 2017; 403:4-16. [PMID: 28764938 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.07.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurological disease that represents a leading cause of disability in young adults and is characterized by inflammation and degeneration of both white matter (WM) and gray matter (GM). Defining the presence or absence of inflammation on individual basis is a key point in choosing the therapy and monitoring the treatment response. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) represents the most sensitive non-invasive tool to monitor inflammation in the clinical practice. Indeed, in the early phase of inflammation MRI detects new lesions as extrusion of gadolinium contrast agents across the altered blood-brain-barrier (BBB). The occurrence of MRI lesions is used to confirm diagnosis and has been validated as surrogate marker of relapse to monitor response to treatments. However, focal gadolinium-enhancing lesions represent only an aspect of neuroinflammation. Recent studies have suggested the presence of a widespread inflammation of the central nervous system (CNS), which is mainly related to microglial cells activation occurring both at the edge of chronic focal lesions and throughout the normal-appearing brain tissue. New imaging techniques have been developed to study diffuse inflammation taking place outside the focal plaques. The scope of this review is to examine the various neuroimaging techniques and those biophysical quantities that can be non-invasively detected to enlighten the different aspects of neuroinflammation. Some techniques are commonly used in the clinical practice, while others are used in the research field to better understand the pathophysiological mechanisms of the disease and the role of inflammation.
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