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Kiseleva DG, Kirichenko TV, Markina YV, Cherednichenko VR, Gugueva EA, Markin AM. Mechanisms of Myocardial Edema Development in CVD Pathophysiology. Biomedicines 2024; 12:465. [PMID: 38398066 PMCID: PMC10887157 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12020465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Myocardial edema is the excess accumulation of fluid in the myocardial interstitium or cardiac cells that develops due to changes in capillary permeability, loss of glycocalyx charge, imbalance in lymphatic drainage, or a combination of these factors. Today it is believed that this condition is not only a complication of cardiovascular diseases, but in itself causes aggravation of the disease and increases the risks of adverse outcomes. The study of molecular, genetic, and mechanical changes in the myocardium during edema may contribute to the development of new approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of this condition. This review was conducted to describe the main mechanisms of myocardial edema development at the molecular and cellular levels and to identify promising targets for the regulation of this condition based on articles cited in Pubmed up to January 2024.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana G. Kiseleva
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology of Cardiovascular System, Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery, 119991 Moscow, Russia (V.R.C.)
| | - Tatiana V. Kirichenko
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology of Cardiovascular System, Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery, 119991 Moscow, Russia (V.R.C.)
- Chazov National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Ac. Chazov Str. 15A, 121552 Moscow, Russia
| | - Yuliya V. Markina
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology of Cardiovascular System, Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery, 119991 Moscow, Russia (V.R.C.)
| | - Vadim R. Cherednichenko
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology of Cardiovascular System, Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery, 119991 Moscow, Russia (V.R.C.)
| | - Ekaterina A. Gugueva
- N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119435 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Alexander M. Markin
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology of Cardiovascular System, Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery, 119991 Moscow, Russia (V.R.C.)
- Medical Institute, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia Named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University), 117198 Moscow, Russia
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Pietsch N, Chen CY, Kupsch S, Bacmeister L, Geertz B, Herera-Rivero M, Voß H, Krämer E, Braren I, Westermann D, Schlüter H, Mearini G, Schlossarek S, van der Velden J, Caporizzo MA, Lindner D, Prosser BL, Carrier L. Chronic activation of tubulin tyrosination in HCM mice and human iPSC-engineered heart tissues improves heart function. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.05.25.542365. [PMID: 37292763 PMCID: PMC10245930 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.25.542365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Rationale: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common cardiac genetic disorder caused by sarcomeric gene variants and associated with left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy and diastolic dysfunction. The role of the microtubule network has recently gained interest with the findings that -α-tubulin detyrosination (dTyr-tub) is markedly elevated in heart failure. Acute reduction of dTyr-tub by inhibition of the detyrosinase (VASH/SVBP complex) or activation of the tyrosinase (tubulin tyrosine ligase, TTL) markedly improved contractility and reduced stiffness in human failing cardiomyocytes, and thus poses a new perspective for HCM treatment. Objective: In this study, we tested the impact of chronic tubulin tyrosination in a HCM mouse model ( Mybpc3 -knock-in; KI), in human HCM cardiomyocytes and in SVBP-deficient human engineered heart tissues (EHTs). Methods and Results: AAV9-mediated TTL transfer was applied in neonatal wild-type (WT) rodents and 3-week-old KI mice and in HCM human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived cardiomyocytes. We show that i) TTL for 6 weeks dose-dependently reduced dTyr-tub and improved contractility without affecting cytosolic calcium transients in WT cardiomyocytes; ii) TTL for 12 weeks improved diastolic filling, cardiac output and stroke volume and reduced stiffness in KI mice; iii) TTL for 10 days normalized cell hypertrophy in HCM hiPSC-cardiomyocytes; iv) TTL induced a marked transcription and translation of several tubulins and modulated mRNA or protein levels of components of mitochondria, Z-disc, ribosome, intercalated disc, lysosome and cytoskeleton in KI mice; v) SVBP-deficient EHTs exhibited reduced dTyr-tub levels, higher force and faster relaxation than TTL-deficient and WT EHTs. RNA-seq and mass spectrometry analysis revealed distinct enrichment of cardiomyocyte components and pathways in SVBP-KO vs. TTL-KO EHTs. Conclusion: This study provides the first proof-of-concept that chronic activation of tubulin tyrosination in HCM mice and in human EHTs improves heart function and holds promise for targeting the non-sarcomeric cytoskeleton in heart disease.
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He H, Yuan Y, Wu Y, Lu J, Yang X, Lu K, Liu A, Cao Z, Sun M, Yu M, Wang H. Exoskeleton Partial-Coated Stem Cells for Infarcted Myocardium Restoring. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2307169. [PMID: 37962473 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202307169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
The integration of abiotic materials with live cells has emerged as an exciting strategy for the control of cellular functions. Exoskeletons consisting ofmetal-organic frameworks are generated to produce partial-coated bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) to overcome low cell survival leading to disappointing effects for cell-based cardiac therapy. Partially coated exoskeletons can promote the survival of suspended BMSCs by integrating the support of exoskeletons and unimpaired cellular properties. In addition, partial exoskeletons exhibit protective effects against detrimental environmental conditions, including reactive oxygen species, pH changes, and osmotic pressure. The partial-coated cells exhibit increased intercellular adhesion forces to aggregate and adhere, promoting cell survival and preventing cell escape during cell therapy. The exoskeletons interact with cell surface receptors integrin α5β1, leading to augmented biological functions with profitable gene expression alteration, such as Vegfa, Cxcl12, and Adm. The partial-coated BMSCs display enhanced cell retention in infarcted myocardium through non-invasive intravenous injections. The repair of myocardial infarction has been achieved with improved cardiac function, myocardial angiogenesis, proliferation, and inhibition of cell apoptosis. This discovery advances the elucidation of potential molecular and cellular mechanisms for cell-exoskeleton interactions and benefits the rational design and manufacture of next-generation nanobiohybrids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui He
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310058, China
| | - Yunhong Wu
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Jingyi Lu
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Xiaofu Yang
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Kejie Lu
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - An Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310009, China
| | - Zelin Cao
- The First Clinical Medical College, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325035, China
| | - Miao Sun
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Mengfei Yu
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Huiming Wang
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310000, China
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Wu G, Zhou J, Ren H, Qin Y, Qian D, Hu Q, Xu P, Yu T, Ma H, Chen H, He M, Shi J. Unraveling the molecular crosstalk and immune landscape between COVID-19 infections and ischemic heart failure comorbidity: New insights into diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic approaches. Cell Signal 2023; 112:110909. [PMID: 37777104 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), resulting from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), remains a persistent global health concern. Evidence has highlighted a significant association between COVID-19 and ischemic heart failure (IHF), contributing to disease progression and increased mortality. This study identified diagnostic biomarkers for these comorbidities and elucidated disease progression's molecular mechanisms. METHODS We retrieved differentially expressed gene (DEG) data for COVID-19 and IHF from publicly available microarray and RNA-Seq datasets to investigate the underlying mechanisms and potential pathways associated with the co-occurrence of COVID-19 and IHF. By intersecting the results from the two diseases, we obtained diagnostic biomarkers using SVM-RFE and LASSO algorithms. Animal experiments and immunological analyses were conducted to help understand the association between SARS-CoV-2 and IHF in patients, enabling early diagnosis of disease progression. Finally, we analyzed the regulatory network of critical genes and identified potential drug compounds that could target the genetic links identified in our study. RESULTS 1974 common DEGs were identified between COVID-19 and IHF, contributing to disease progression and potential cancer risk by participating in immune and cancer-related pathways. In addition, we identified six hub genes (VDAC3, EIF2AK2, CHMP5, FTL, VPS4A, and CHMP4B) associated with the co-morbidity, and their diagnostic potential was confirmed through validation using relevant datasets and a mouse model. Functional enrichment analysis and examination of immune cell infiltration revealed immune dysregulation after disease progression. The comorbid hub genes exhibited outstanding immunomodulatory capacities. We also constructed regulatory networks tightly linked to both disorders, including transcription factors (TFs), miRNAs, and genes at both transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. Finally, we identified 92 potential drug candidates to enhance the precision of anti-comorbidity treatment strategies. CONCLUSION Our study reveals a shared pathogenesis between COVID-19 and IHF, demonstrating that their coexistence exacerbates disease severity. By identifying and consolidating hub genes as pivotal diagnostic biomarkers for COVID-19 and IHF comorbidity, we have made significant advancements in understanding the underlying mechanisms of these conditions. Moreover, our study highlights dysregulated immunity and increased cancer risk in the advanced stages of disease progression. These findings offer novel perspectives for diagnosing and treating IHF progression during SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gujie Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226000, China; Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jiabin Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226000, China
| | - Hefei Ren
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yiran Qin
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Diandian Qian
- Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Geriatrics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Center for Evidence Based Medicine and Clinical Epidemiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qin Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226000, China; Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Peng Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226000, China
| | - Tao Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226000, China; Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Huiyun Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226000, China
| | - Hongyu Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226000, China
| | - Min He
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226000, China
| | - Jiayu Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226000, China.
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Zhang M, Li J, Hua C, Niu J, Liu P, Zhong G. Exploring an immune cells-related molecule in STEMI by bioinformatics analysis. BMC Med Genomics 2023; 16:151. [PMID: 37391746 PMCID: PMC10311814 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-023-01579-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND ST-elevated myocardial infarction (STEMI) is the leading cause of mortality worldwide. The mortality rate of heart attacks has decreased due to various preventive factors and the development of early diagnostic resuscitation measures, but the long-term prognosis remains poor. The present study aimed to identify novel serum biomarkers in STEMI patients and explored a possible new mechanism of STEMI from an immune molecular angle with bioinformatics analysis. METHODS Gene expression profiles were obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differential gene analysis, machine learning algorithms, gene set enrichment analysis, and immune cell infiltration analysis were conducted using R software. RESULTS We identified 146 DEGs (differentially expressed genes) in the integrated dataset between the STEMI and CAD (coronary artery disease) groups. Immune infiltration analysis indicated that eleven cell types were differentially infiltrated. Through correlation analysis, we further screened 25 DEGs that showed a high correlation with monocytes and neutrophils. Afterwards, five genes consistently selected by all three machine learning algorithms were considered candidate genes. Finally, we identified a hub gene (ADM) as a biomarker of STEMI. AUC curves showed that ADM had more than 80% high accuracy in all datasets. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we explored a potentially new mechanism of STEMI from an immune molecular perspective, which might provide insights into the pathogenesis of STEMI. ADM positively correlated with monocytes and neutrophils, suggesting its potential role in the immune response during STEMI. Additionally, we validated the diagnostic performance of ADM in two external datasets, which could help to develop new diagnostic tools or therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- Department of Research Ward, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaxing Li
- Department of Urology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Cuncun Hua
- Heart Center, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiayin Niu
- Heart Center, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Pengfei Liu
- Heart Center, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Guangzhen Zhong
- Department of Research Ward, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Heart Center, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Jiao K, Su P, Feng Y, Li C. Bioinformatics analysis and identification of hub genes associated with female acute myocardial infarction patients by using weighted gene co-expression networks. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e33634. [PMID: 37115066 PMCID: PMC10145720 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000033634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
To explore potential biomarkers of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in females by using bioinformatics analysis. In this study, we explored potential biomarkers of AMI in females using bioinformatics analysis. We screened a total of 186 differentially expressed genes from the Gene Expression Omnibus. In the study, we found that weighted gene co-expression network analysis explored the co-expression network of genes and identified key modules. Simultaneously, we chose brown modules as key modules related to AMI. In this study, Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis revealed that genes in the brown module were mainly enriched in "heparin" and 'complementation and coagulation cascade. Based on the protein-protein interaction network, we identified S100A9, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) 3, MAPK1, MMP3, interleukin (IL)-17A, and HSP90AB1 as hub gene sets. Whereas, polymerase chain reaction results showed that S100A9, MAPK3, MAPK1, MMP3, IL-17A, and HSP90AB1 were highly expressed compared with the control group. The IL-17 signaling pathway associated with an inflammatory response may be a potential biomarker and target for the treatment of women with myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Jiao
- Ordos Central Hospital Cardiology Department, Ordos, China
| | - Ping Su
- Ordos Central Hospital Cardiology Department, Ordos, China
| | - Yubao Feng
- Ordos Central Hospital Cardiology Department, Ordos, China
| | - Changqing Li
- Ordos Central Hospital Cardiology Department, Ordos, China
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G Protein-Coupled Receptor 15 Expression Is Associated with Myocardial Infarction. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010180. [PMID: 36613626 PMCID: PMC9820726 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Beyond the influence of lifestyle-related risk factors for myocardial infarction (MI), the mechanisms of genetic predispositions for MI remain unclear. We sought to identify and characterize differentially expressed genes in early-onset MI in a translational approach. In an observational case−control study, transcriptomes from 112 early-onset MI individuals showed upregulated G protein-coupled receptor 15 (GPR15) expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells compared to controls (fold change = 1.4, p = 1.87 × 10−7). GPR15 expression correlated with intima-media thickness (β = 0.8498, p = 0.111), C-reactive protein (β = 0.2238, p = 0.0052), ejection fraction (β = −0.9991, p = 0.0281) and smoking (β = 0.7259, p = 2.79 × 10−10). The relation between smoking and MI was diminished after the inclusion of GPR15 expression as mediator in mediation analysis (from 1.27 (p = 1.9 × 10−5) to 0.46 (p = 0.21)). The DNA methylation of two GPR15 sites was 1%/5% lower in early-onset MI individuals versus controls (p = 2.37 × 10−6/p = 0.0123), with site CpG3.98251219 significantly predicting risk for incident MI (hazard ratio = 0.992, p = 0.0177). The nucleotide polymorphism rs2230344 (C/T) within GPR15 was associated with early-onset MI (odds ratio = 3.61, p = 0.044). Experimental validation showed 6.3-fold increased Gpr15 expression in an ischemic mouse model (p < 0.05) and 4-fold increased Gpr15 expression in cardiomyocytes under ischemic stress (p < 0.001). After the induction of MI, Gpr15gfp/gfp mice showed lower survival (p = 0.042) and deregulated gene expression for response to hypoxia and signaling pathways. Using a translational approach, our data provide evidence that GPR15 is linked to cardiovascular diseases, mediating the adverse effects of smoking.
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Hartopo AB, Puspitawati I, Anggraeni VY. High Level of Mid-Regional Proadrenomedullin during ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Is an Independent Predictor of Adverse Cardiac Events within 90-Day Follow-Up. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2022; 58:medicina58070861. [PMID: 35888580 PMCID: PMC9324579 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58070861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: the cardiovascular adverse events including mortality and heart failure, persist significantly during the first months after the acute phase of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). The increased level of midregional proadrenomedullin (MR-proADM), at hospital presentation in STEMI patients is considered an independent predictor of short-term and long-term mortality and heart failure. This study aimed to measure MR-proADM levels during the acute and recovery phases of STEMI and corroborate whether MR-proADM level was associated with the adverse cardiac events after recovering from STEMI. Materials and Methods: this prospective study enrolled subjects with acute phase STEMI admitted to the intensive cardiac care unit. After recovering and discharged from hospitalization, subjects were followed-up for 90 days. For MR-proADM measurement, the blood samples during acute phase were withdrawn on hospital admission (MR-proADM-0) and during recovery at the day-30 follow up (MR-proADM-30). Adverse cardiac events were evaluated at 30-day and 90-day follow up, namely a composite of death, chronic heart failure, and hospital readmission of any cardiac causes. Results: 83 subjects were enrolled. The median MR-proADM-0 was 3313.33 pg/mL and MR-proADM-30 was significantly reduced at 292.50 pg/mL, p < 0.001. Nineteen subjects (22.9%) experienced adverse cardiac events at 30-day follow up. The MR-proADM-0 level was independently associated with 30-day adverse cardiac events (adjustedOR 1.002, 95%CI: 1.001−1.003, p = 0.040), after adjustment with other variables. In this case, 25 subjects (32.5%) experienced adverse cardiac events at 90-day follow-up. The MR-proADM-0 level was independently associated with 90-day adverse cardiac events (adjustedOR 1.002, 95%CI: 1.001−1.003, p = 0.049). The higher changes of MR-proADM-0 to MR-proADM-30 also associated with adverse cardiac events at 90 days. Conclusions: The MR-proADM was significantly increased during the acute phase of STEMI and declined during recovery phase. The higher MR-proADM level during the acute phase of STEMI and its change intensity were predictors of adverse cardiac events within the 90-day follow up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anggoro Budi Hartopo
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada-Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
- Correspondence:
| | - Ira Puspitawati
- Department of Clinical Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada-Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia;
| | - Vita Yanti Anggraeni
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada-Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia;
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Wan J, Zhang Z, Tian S, Huang S, Jin H, Liu X, Zhang W. Single cell study of cellular diversity and mutual communication in chronic heart failure and drug repositioning. Genomics 2022; 114:110322. [PMID: 35219850 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2022.110322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Non-cardiomyocytes (non-CMs) play an important role in the process of cardiac remodeling of chronic heart failure. The mechanism of non-CMs transit and interact with each other remains largely unknown. Here, we try to characterize the cellular landscape of non-CMs in mice with chronic heart failure by using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and provide potential therapeutic hunts. Cellular and molecular analysis revealed that the most affected cellular types are mainly fibroblasts and endothelial cells. Specially, Fib_0 cluster, the most abundant cluster in fibroblasts, was the only increased one, enriched for collagen synthesis genes such as Adamts4 and Crem, which might be responsible for the fibrosis in cardiac remodeling. End_0 cluster in endothelial cells was also the most abundant and only increased one, which has an effect of blood vessel morphogenesis. Cell communication further confirmed that fibroblasts and endothelial cells are the driving hubs in chronic heart failure. Furthermore, using fibroblasts and endothelial cells as the entry point of CMap technology, histone deacetylation (HDAC) inhibitors and HSP inhibitors were identified as potential anti-heart failure new drugs, which should be evaluated in the future. The combined application of scRNA-seq and CMap might be an effective way to achieve drug repositioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Wan
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Saisai Tian
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Si Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huizi Jin
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xia Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Weidong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
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10
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Wu C, Lin DW, Jiang YW, Jiang F, Wang ZX, Wang YS. Relationship Between Serum Concentration of Adrenomedullin and Myocardial Ischemic T Wave Changes in Patients With Lung Cancer. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:836993. [PMID: 35355972 PMCID: PMC8959127 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.836993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with lung cancer are at increased risk for the development of cardiovascular diseases. Molecular markers for early diagnosis of cardiac ischemia are of great significance for the early prevention of cardiovascular events in patients with lung cancer. By evaluating the relationship between adrenomedullin (ADM) and myocardial ischemic T wave changes, the clinical value of circulating ADM as a predictor of myocardial ischemia in patients with lung cancer is confirmed. Methods We enrolled patients with lung cancer and healthy people from 2019 to 2021 and extracted a detailed ECG parameter. After adjustment for potential confounders, logistic regression was used to assess the association of clinical data. We performed analyses on differences in T wave between patients with lung cancer and healthy people, and the relationship between T wave and ADM among patients with lung cancer. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves were drawn to confirm the diagnostic value of biomarkers. Results After adjusting for potential confounders, the incidence of T wave inversion or flattening in patients with lung cancer was higher than in healthy people (OR: 3.3228, P = 0.02). Also, further analysis of the data of lung cancer patients revealed that the ADM in lung cancer patients with T wave inversion or flat was higher than those with normal T wave (189.8 ± 51.9 vs. 131.9 ± 38.4, p < 0.001). The area under the ROC curve was 0.8137. Conclusion Among the patients with lung cancer, serum ADM concentration is associated with the incidence of the abnormal T wave. ADM might be a potentially valuable predictor for heart ischemia in patients with lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Da-wei Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-wen Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Jiang
- Clinical Research and Innovation Unit, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhao-xia Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Chongming Branch, Shanghai, China
- Zhao-xia Wang
| | - Yao-sheng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Clinical Research and Innovation Unit, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Yao-sheng Wang
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11
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Karakas M, Akin I, Burdelski C, Clemmensen P, Grahn H, Jarczak D, Keßler M, Kirchhof P, Landmesser U, Lezius S, Lindner D, Mebazaa A, Nierhaus A, Ocak A, Rottbauer W, Sinning C, Skurk C, Söffker G, Westermann D, Zapf A, Zengin E, Zeller T, Kluge S. Single-dose of adrecizumab versus placebo in acute cardiogenic shock (ACCOST-HH): an investigator-initiated, randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, multicentre trial. THE LANCET. RESPIRATORY MEDICINE 2022; 10:247-254. [PMID: 34895483 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-2600(21)00439-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiogenic shock has a high mortality on optimal therapy. Adrenomedullin is released during cardiogenic shock and is involved in its pathophysiological processes. This study assessed treatment with the humanised, monoclonal, non-neutralising, adrenomedullin antibody adrecizumab, increasing circulating concentrations of adrenomedullin in cardiogenic shock. METHODS In this investigator-initiated, placebo-controlled, double-blind, multicentre, randomised trial (ACCOST-HH), patients were recruited from four university hospitals in Germany. Patients were eligible if they were 18 years old or older and hospitalised for cardiogenic shock within the last 48 h. Exclusion criteria were resuscitation for longer than 60 min and cardiogenic shock due to sustained ventricular tachycardia or bradycardia. Adult patients in cardiogenic shock were randomly assigned (1:1) to intravenous adrecizumab (8 mg/kg bodyweight) or placebo using an internet-based software. A block randomisation procedure was applied with stratification by age (older vs younger than 65 years), sex (male vs female), and type of underlying cardiogenic shock (acute myocardial infarction vs other entities). Investigators, patients, and medical staff involved in patient care were masked to group assignment. The primary endpoint was number of days up to day 30 without the need for cardiovascular organ support, defined as vasopressor therapy, inotropes, or mechanical circulatory support (or both) assessed in the intention-to-treat population. Safety outcomes included therapy-emergent serious adverse events, severe adverse events, adverse events, suspected unexpected serious adverse reactions, study drug-related mortality, and total mortality. The trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03989531, and EudraCT, 2018-002824-17, and is now complete. FINDINGS Between April 5, 2019, and Jan 13, 2021, 150 patients were enrolled: 77 (51%) were randomly assigned to adrecizumab and 73 (49%) to placebo. All patients received the allocated treatment. The number of days without the need for cardiovascular organ support was not different between patients receiving adrecizumab or placebo (12·37 days [95% CI 9·80-14·94] vs 14·05 [11·41-16·69]; adjusted mean difference -1·69 days [-5·37 to 2·00]; p=0·37). Serious adverse events occurred in 59 patients receiving adrecizumab and in 57 receiving placebo (odds ratio 0·92 [95% CI 0·43-1·98]; p=0·83). Mortality was not different between groups at 30 days (hazard ratio 0·99 [95% CI 0·60-1·65]; p=0·98) or 90 days (1·10 [0·68-1·77]; p=0·71). INTERPRETATION Adrecizumab was well tolerated in patients with cardiogenic shock but did not reduce the need for cardiovascular organ support or improve survival at days 30 and 90. FUNDING Adrenomed AG and University Hospital of Hamburg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahir Karakas
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Department of Cardiology, University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Ibrahim Akin
- Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany; First Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Christoph Burdelski
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Peter Clemmensen
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Regional Health Research, Nykoebing F Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Hanno Grahn
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dominik Jarczak
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mirjam Keßler
- Department of Internal Medicine II-Cardiology, Medical Center, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Paulus Kirchhof
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany; Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Ulf Landmesser
- Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Department of Cardiology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany; Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Susanne Lezius
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Epidemiology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Diana Lindner
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Alexandre Mebazaa
- University of Paris, Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, Hôpitaux Universitaires Saint Louis-Lariboisière, Assistance Publique des Hopitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Axel Nierhaus
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anil Ocak
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Rottbauer
- Department of Internal Medicine II-Cardiology, Medical Center, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Christoph Sinning
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Carsten Skurk
- Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Department of Cardiology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gerold Söffker
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dirk Westermann
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Antonia Zapf
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Epidemiology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Elvin Zengin
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tanja Zeller
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Kluge
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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12
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Bräuninger H, Stoffers B, Fitzek ADE, Meißner K, Aleshcheva G, Schweizer M, Weimann J, Rotter B, Warnke S, Edler C, Braun F, Roedl K, Scherschel K, Escher F, Kluge S, Huber TB, Ondruschka B, Schultheiss HP, Kirchhof P, Blankenberg S, Püschel K, Westermann D, Lindner D. Cardiac SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with pro-inflammatory transcriptomic alterations within the heart. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 118:542-555. [PMID: 34647998 PMCID: PMC8803085 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Cardiac involvement in COVID-19 is associated with adverse outcome. However, it is unclear whether cell-specific consequences are associated with cardiac SARS-CoV-2 infection. Therefore, we investigated heart tissue utilizing in situ hybridization, immunohistochemistry, and RNA-sequencing in consecutive autopsy cases to quantify virus load and characterize cardiac involvement in COVID-19. Methods and results In this study, 95 SARS-CoV-2-positive autopsy cases were included. A relevant SARS-CoV-2 virus load in the cardiac tissue was detected in 41/95 deceased (43%). Massive analysis of cDNA ends (MACE)-RNA-sequencing was performed to identify molecular pathomechanisms caused by the infection of the heart. A signature matrix was generated based on the single-cell dataset ‘Heart Cell Atlas’ and used for digital cytometry on the MACE-RNA-sequencing data. Thus, immune cell fractions were estimated and revealed no difference in immune cell numbers in cases with and without cardiac infection. This result was confirmed by quantitative immunohistological diagnosis. MACE-RNA-sequencing revealed 19 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with a q-value <0.05 (e.g. up: IFI44L, IFT3, TRIM25; down: NPPB, MB, MYPN). The upregulated DEGs were linked to interferon pathways and originate predominantly from endothelial cells. In contrast, the downregulated DEGs originate predominately from cardiomyocytes. Immunofluorescent staining showed viral protein in cells positive for the endothelial marker ICAM1 but rarely in cardiomyocytes. The Gene Ontology (GO) term analysis revealed that downregulated GO terms were linked to cardiomyocyte structure, whereas upregulated GO terms were linked to anti-virus immune response. Conclusion This study reveals that cardiac infection induced transcriptomic alterations mainly linked to immune response and destruction of cardiomyocytes. While endothelial cells are primarily targeted by the virus, we suggest cardiomyocyte destruction by paracrine effects. Increased pro-inflammatory gene expression was detected in SARS-CoV-2-infected cardiac tissue but no increased SARS-CoV-2 associated immune cell infiltration was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Bräuninger
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Centre Hamburg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site, Hamburg/Kiel, Lübeck, /
| | - Bastian Stoffers
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Centre Hamburg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site, Hamburg/Kiel, Lübeck, /
| | - Antonia D E Fitzek
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Kira Meißner
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | | | - Michaela Schweizer
- Department of Electron Microscopy, Centre for Molecular Neurobiology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Jessica Weimann
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Centre Hamburg, Germany
| | - Björn Rotter
- GenXPro GmbH, Frankfurter Innovationszentrum, Biotechnologie (FIZ), Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Svenja Warnke
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Centre Hamburg, Germany
| | - Carolin Edler
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Fabian Braun
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Kevin Roedl
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Katharina Scherschel
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Centre Hamburg, Germany.,Division of Cardiology (cNEP), EVK Düsseldorf, Germany.,Institute of Neural and Sensory Physiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Felicitas Escher
- Institute for Cardiac Diagnostics and Therapy, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin, Berlin, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Kluge
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Tobias B Huber
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Benjamin Ondruschka
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | | | - Paulus Kirchhof
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Centre Hamburg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site, Hamburg/Kiel, Lübeck, /.,Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, UK
| | - Stefan Blankenberg
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Centre Hamburg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site, Hamburg/Kiel, Lübeck, /
| | - Klaus Püschel
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Dirk Westermann
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Centre Hamburg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site, Hamburg/Kiel, Lübeck, /
| | - Diana Lindner
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Centre Hamburg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site, Hamburg/Kiel, Lübeck, /
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13
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Wagner JUG, Dimmeler S. The endothelial niche in heart failure: from development to regeneration. Eur Heart J 2021; 42:4277-4279. [PMID: 34392349 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Julian U G Wagner
- Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Frankfurt, Germany.,Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Stefanie Dimmeler
- Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Frankfurt, Germany.,Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Frankfurt, Germany
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14
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Aulin LB, de Lange DW, Saleh MA, van der Graaf PH, Völler S, van Hasselt JC. Biomarker-Guided Individualization of Antibiotic Therapy. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2021; 110:346-360. [PMID: 33559152 PMCID: PMC8359228 DOI: 10.1002/cpt.2194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Treatment failure of antibiotic therapy due to insufficient efficacy or occurrence of toxicity is a major clinical challenge, and is expected to become even more urgent with the global rise of antibiotic resistance. Strategies to optimize treatment in individual patients are therefore of crucial importance. Currently, therapeutic drug monitoring plays an important role in optimizing antibiotic exposure to reduce treatment failure and toxicity. Biomarker-based strategies may be a powerful tool to further quantify and monitor antibiotic treatment response, and reduce variation in treatment response between patients. Host response biomarkers, such as CRP, procalcitonin, IL-6, and presepsin, could potentially carry significant information to be utilized for treatment individualization. To achieve this, the complex interactions among immune system, pathogen, drug, and biomarker need to be better understood and characterized. The purpose of this tutorial is to discuss the use and evidence of currently available biomarker-based approaches to inform antibiotic treatment. To this end, we also included a discussion on how treatment response biomarker data from preclinical, healthy volunteer, and patient-based studies can be further characterized using pharmacometric and system pharmacology based modeling approaches. As an illustrative example of how such modeling strategies can be used, we describe a case study in which we quantitatively characterize procalcitonin dynamics in relation to antibiotic treatments in patients with sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda B.S. Aulin
- Division of Systems Biomedicine and PharmacologyLeiden Academic Centre for Drug ResearchLeiden UniversityLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Dylan W. de Lange
- Department of Intensive Care MedicineUniversity Medical CenterUniversity UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Mohammed A.A. Saleh
- Division of Systems Biomedicine and PharmacologyLeiden Academic Centre for Drug ResearchLeiden UniversityLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Piet H. van der Graaf
- Division of Systems Biomedicine and PharmacologyLeiden Academic Centre for Drug ResearchLeiden UniversityLeidenThe Netherlands
- CertaraCanterburyUK
| | - Swantje Völler
- Division of Systems Biomedicine and PharmacologyLeiden Academic Centre for Drug ResearchLeiden UniversityLeidenThe Netherlands
- Pharmacy, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug ResearchLeiden UniversityLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - J.G. Coen van Hasselt
- Division of Systems Biomedicine and PharmacologyLeiden Academic Centre for Drug ResearchLeiden UniversityLeidenThe Netherlands
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15
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Yang W, Tu H, Tang K, Huang H, Ou S, Wu J. Reynoutrin Improves Ischemic Heart Failure in Rats Via Targeting S100A1. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:703962. [PMID: 34366855 PMCID: PMC8343003 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.703962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of reynoutrin on the improvement of ischemic heart failure (IHF) and its possible mechanism in rats. The rat heart failure model was established by permanently ligating the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) and administering different doses of reynoutrin. Cardiac function, inflammatory factors releasing, oxidative stress, cardiomyocytes apoptosis, and myocardial fibrosis were evaluated. Western blotting was used to determine protein expression levels of S100 calcium-binding protein A1 (S100A1), matrix metallopeptidase 2(MMP2), MMP9, phosphorylated (p-) p65, and transforming growth factor -β1 (TGF-β1) in myocardial tissue of the left ventricle. Results showed that reynoutrin significantly improved cardiac function, suppressed the release of inflammatory factors, reduced oxidative stress, inhibited cardiomyocytes apoptosis, and attenuated myocardial fibrosis in rats with IHF. In rat myocardial tissue, permanent LAD-ligation resulted in a significant down-regulation in S100A1 expression, whereas reynoutrin significantly up-regulated S100A1 protein expression while down-regulating MMP2, MMP9, p-p65, and TGF-β1 expressions. However, when S100A1 was knocked down in myocardial tissue, the above-mentioned positive effects of reynoutrin were significantly reversed. Reynoutrin is a potential natural drug for the treatment of IHF, and its mechanism of action involves the up-regulation of S100A1 expression, thereby inhibiting expressions of MMPs and the transcriptional activity of nuclear factor kappa-B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenkai Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Central People’s Hospital of Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, China
- *Correspondence: Wenkai Yang,
| | - Hanjian Tu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Tang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Central People’s Hospital of Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Haozhong Huang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Central People’s Hospital of Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Shi Ou
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Central People’s Hospital of Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Jianguo Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Central People’s Hospital of Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, China
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16
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Lindner D, Fitzek A, Bräuninger H, Aleshcheva G, Edler C, Meissner K, Scherschel K, Kirchhof P, Escher F, Schultheiss HP, Blankenberg S, Püschel K, Westermann D. Association of Cardiac Infection With SARS-CoV-2 in Confirmed COVID-19 Autopsy Cases. JAMA Cardiol 2020; 5:1281-1285. [PMID: 32730555 DOI: 10.1001/jamacardio.2020.3551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 556] [Impact Index Per Article: 139.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Importance Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can be documented in various tissues, but the frequency of cardiac involvement as well as possible consequences are unknown. Objective To evaluate the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in the myocardial tissue from autopsy cases and to document a possible cardiac response to that infection. Design, Setting, and Participants This cohort study used data from consecutive autopsy cases from Germany between April 8 and April 18, 2020. All patients had tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 in pharyngeal swab tests. Exposures Patients who died of coronavirus disease 2019. Main Outcomes and Measures Incidence of SARS-CoV-2 positivity in cardiac tissue as well as CD3+, CD45+, and CD68+ cells in the myocardium and gene expression of tumor necrosis growth factor α, interferon γ, chemokine ligand 5, as well as interleukin-6, -8, and -18. Results Cardiac tissue from 39 consecutive autopsy cases were included. The median (interquartile range) age of patients was 85 (78-89) years, and 23 (59.0%) were women. SARS-CoV-2 could be documented in 24 of 39 patients (61.5%). Viral load above 1000 copies per μg RNA could be documented in 16 of 39 patients (41.0%). A cytokine response panel consisting of 6 proinflammatory genes was increased in those 16 patients compared with 15 patients without any SARS-CoV-2 in the heart. Comparison of 15 patients without cardiac infection with 16 patients with more than 1000 copies revealed no inflammatory cell infiltrates or differences in leukocyte numbers per high power field. Conclusions and Relevance In this analysis of autopsy cases, viral presence within the myocardium could be documented. While a response to this infection could be reported in cases with higher virus load vs no virus infection, this was not associated with an influx of inflammatory cells. Future investigations should focus on evaluating the long-term consequences of this cardiac involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Lindner
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Centre, Hamburg, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner site, Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
| | - Antonia Fitzek
- Department of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hanna Bräuninger
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Centre, Hamburg, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner site, Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
| | | | - Caroline Edler
- Department of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kira Meissner
- Department of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Scherschel
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Centre, Hamburg, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner site, Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
| | - Paulus Kirchhof
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Centre, Hamburg, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner site, Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
| | - Felicitas Escher
- Institute for Cardiac Diagnostics and Therapy, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, Charité Campus Virchow-Klinikum, University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Stefan Blankenberg
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Centre, Hamburg, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner site, Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
| | - Klaus Püschel
- Department of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dirk Westermann
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Centre, Hamburg, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner site, Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
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17
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Karakas M, Jarczak D, Becker M, Roedl K, Addo MM, Hein F, Bergmann A, Zimmermann J, Simon TP, Marx G, Lütgehetmann M, Nierhaus A, Kluge S. Targeting Endothelial Dysfunction in Eight Extreme-Critically Ill Patients with COVID-19 Using the Anti-Adrenomedullin Antibody Adrecizumab (HAM8101). Biomolecules 2020; 10:E1171. [PMID: 32796765 PMCID: PMC7465983 DOI: 10.3390/biom10081171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, the stabilization of the endothelium has been explicitly identified as a therapeutic goal in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Adrecizumab (HAM8101) is a first-in-class humanized monoclonal anti-Adrenomedullin (anti-ADM) antibody, targeting the sepsis- and inflammation-based vascular and capillary leakage. Within a "treatment on a named-patient basis" approach, Adrecizumab was administered to eight extreme-critically ill COVID-19 patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The patients received a single dose of Adrecizumab, which was administered between 1 and 3 days after the initiation of mechanical ventilation. The SOFA (median 12.5) and SAPS-II (median 39) scores clearly documented the population at highest risk. Moreover, six of the patients suffered from acute renal failure, of whom five needed renal replacement therapy. The length of follow-up ranged between 13 and 27 days. Following the Adrecizumab administration, one patient in the low-dose group died at day 4 due to fulminant pulmonary embolism, while four were in stable condition, and three were discharged from the intensive care unit (ICU). Within 12 days, the SOFA score, as well as the disease severity score (range 0-16, mirroring critical resources in the ICU, with higher scores indicating more severe illness), decreased in five out of the seven surviving patients (in all high-dose patients). The PaO2/FiO2 increased within 12 days, while the inflammatory parameters C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, and interleukin-6 decreased. Importantly, the mortality was lower than expected and calculated by the SOFA score. In conclusion, in this preliminary uncontrolled case series of eight shock patients with life-threatening COVID-19 and ARDS, the administration of Adrecizumab was followed by a favorable outcome. Although the non-controlled design and the small sample size preclude any definitive statement about the potential efficacy of Adrecizumab in critically ill COVID-19 patients, the results of this case series are encouraging.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/administration & dosage
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/pharmacology
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/therapeutic use
- COVID-19
- Coronavirus Infections/complications
- Coronavirus Infections/pathology
- Critical Illness
- Endothelium, Vascular/drug effects
- Endothelium, Vascular/pathology
- Female
- Humans
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Pandemics
- Pneumonia, Viral/complications
- Pneumonia, Viral/pathology
- Respiratory Distress Syndrome/drug therapy
- Respiratory Distress Syndrome/etiology
- Sepsis/drug therapy
- Sepsis/etiology
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahir Karakas
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg-Kiel-Lübeck, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg, 20251 Hamburg, Germany;
| | - Dominik Jarczak
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany; (D.J.); (K.R.); (A.N.); (S.K.)
| | - Martin Becker
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg, 20251 Hamburg, Germany;
| | - Kevin Roedl
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany; (D.J.); (K.R.); (A.N.); (S.K.)
| | - Marylyn M. Addo
- Division of Infectious Diseases, First Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany;
- Department of Clinical Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, 20359 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Frauke Hein
- Adrenomed AG, 16761 Hennigsdorf, Germany; (F.H.); (A.B.); (J.Z.)
| | - Andreas Bergmann
- Adrenomed AG, 16761 Hennigsdorf, Germany; (F.H.); (A.B.); (J.Z.)
- SphingoTec GmbH, 16761 Hennigsdorf, Germany
- 4TEEN4 Pharmaceuticals GmbH, 16761 Hennigsdorf, Germany
| | - Jens Zimmermann
- Adrenomed AG, 16761 Hennigsdorf, Germany; (F.H.); (A.B.); (J.Z.)
| | - Tim-Philipp Simon
- Department of Intensive Care and Intermediate Care, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (T.-P.S.); (G.M.)
| | - Gernot Marx
- Department of Intensive Care and Intermediate Care, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (T.-P.S.); (G.M.)
| | - Marc Lütgehetmann
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany;
| | - Axel Nierhaus
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany; (D.J.); (K.R.); (A.N.); (S.K.)
| | - Stefan Kluge
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany; (D.J.); (K.R.); (A.N.); (S.K.)
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18
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Scherschel K, Hedenus K, Jungen C, Lemoine MD, Rübsamen N, Veldkamp MW, Klatt N, Lindner D, Westermann D, Casini S, Kuklik P, Eickholt C, Klöcker N, Shivkumar K, Christ T, Zeller T, Willems S, Meyer C. Cardiac glial cells release neurotrophic S100B upon catheter-based treatment of atrial fibrillation. Sci Transl Med 2020; 11:11/493/eaav7770. [PMID: 31118294 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aav7770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF), the most common sustained heart rhythm disorder worldwide, is linked to dysfunction of the intrinsic cardiac autonomic nervous system (ICNS). The role of ICNS damage occurring during catheter-based treatment of AF, which is the therapy of choice for many patients, remains controversial. We show here that the neuronal injury marker S100B is expressed in cardiac glia throughout the ICNS and is released specifically upon catheter ablation of AF. Patients with higher S100B release were more likely to be AF free during follow-up. Subsequent in vitro studies revealed that murine intracardiac neurons react to S100B with diminished action potential firing and increased neurite growth. This suggests that release of S100B from cardiac glia upon catheter-based treatment of AF is a hallmark of acute neural damage that contributes to nerve sprouting and can be used to assess ICNS damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Scherschel
- Department of Cardiology-Electrophysiology, cNEP (cardiac Neuro- and Electrophysiology research group), University Heart Centre, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 13347 Berlin, Germany
| | - Katja Hedenus
- Department of Cardiology-Electrophysiology, cNEP (cardiac Neuro- and Electrophysiology research group), University Heart Centre, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 13347 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christiane Jungen
- Department of Cardiology-Electrophysiology, cNEP (cardiac Neuro- and Electrophysiology research group), University Heart Centre, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 13347 Berlin, Germany
| | - Marc D Lemoine
- Department of Cardiology-Electrophysiology, cNEP (cardiac Neuro- and Electrophysiology research group), University Heart Centre, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 13347 Berlin, Germany.,Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nicole Rübsamen
- Department of General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marieke W Veldkamp
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology, Heart Center, Academic Medical Center, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Niklas Klatt
- Department of Cardiology-Electrophysiology, cNEP (cardiac Neuro- and Electrophysiology research group), University Heart Centre, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 13347 Berlin, Germany
| | - Diana Lindner
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 13347 Berlin, Germany.,Department of General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dirk Westermann
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 13347 Berlin, Germany.,Department of General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Simona Casini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology, Heart Center, Academic Medical Center, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Pawel Kuklik
- Department of Cardiology-Electrophysiology, cNEP (cardiac Neuro- and Electrophysiology research group), University Heart Centre, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 13347 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Eickholt
- Department of Cardiology-Electrophysiology, cNEP (cardiac Neuro- and Electrophysiology research group), University Heart Centre, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 13347 Berlin, Germany
| | - Nikolaj Klöcker
- Institute of Neural and Sensory Physiology, Medical Faculty, University of Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Kalyanam Shivkumar
- Cardiac Arrhythmia Center and Neurocardiology Research Center of Excellence, Molecular, Cellular and Integrative Physiology Interdepartmental Program, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Torsten Christ
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 13347 Berlin, Germany.,Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tanja Zeller
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 13347 Berlin, Germany.,Department of General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stephan Willems
- Department of Cardiology-Electrophysiology, cNEP (cardiac Neuro- and Electrophysiology research group), University Heart Centre, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 13347 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Meyer
- Department of Cardiology-Electrophysiology, cNEP (cardiac Neuro- and Electrophysiology research group), University Heart Centre, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany. .,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 13347 Berlin, Germany
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19
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Méndez R, Aldás I, Menéndez R. Biomarkers in Community-Acquired Pneumonia (Cardiac and Non-Cardiac). J Clin Med 2020; 9:E549. [PMID: 32085380 PMCID: PMC7073979 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9020549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) remains the first cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide due to infection. Several aspects such as severity and host response are related to its clinical course and outcome. Beyond the acute implications that the infection provokes in the host, pneumonia also has long-term negative consequences. Among them, cardiovascular complications and mortality are the most outstanding. Therefore, an adequate recognition and stratification of the risk of complications and mortality is crucial. Many biomarkers have been studied for these reasons, considering that each biomarker mirrors a different aspect. Moreover, the clinical application of many of them is still being deliberated because of their limitations and the heterogeneity of the disease. In this review, we examine some of the most relevant biomarkers that we have classified as cardiac and non-cardiac. We discuss some classic biomarkers and others that are considered novel biomarkers, which are mainly involved in cardiovascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raúl Méndez
- Pneumology Department, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe/Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS) La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain; Pneumology Department, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Avda, Fernando Abril Martorell 106, 46026 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Irene Aldás
- University of Valencia, Medicine Faculty, 46026 Valencia, Spain;
- Pneumology Department, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Rosario Menéndez
- Pneumology Department, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe/Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS) La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain; Pneumology Department, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Avda, Fernando Abril Martorell 106, 46026 Valencia, Spain;
- University of Valencia, Medicine Faculty, 46026 Valencia, Spain;
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), 28029 Madrid, Spain
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20
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Modified Protocol of Harvesting, Extraction, and Normalization Approaches for Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry-Based Metabolomics Analysis of Adherent Cells Grown Under High Fetal Calf Serum Conditions. Metabolites 2019; 10:metabo10010002. [PMID: 31861324 PMCID: PMC7023238 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) metabolomics protocol was modified for quenching, harvesting, and extraction of metabolites from adherent cells grown under high (20%) fetal calf serum conditions. The reproducibility of using either 50% or 80% methanol for quenching of cells was compared for sample harvest. To investigate the efficiency and reproducibility of intracellular metabolite extraction, different volumes and ratios of chloroform were tested. Additionally, we compared the use of total protein amount versus cell mass as normalization parameters. We demonstrate that the method involving 50% methanol as quenching buffer followed by an extraction step using an equal ratio of methanol:chloroform:water (1:1:1, v/v/v) followed by the collection of 6 mL polar phase for GC-MS measurement was superior to the other methods tested. Especially for large sample sets, its comparative ease of measurement leads us to recommend normalization to protein amount for the investigation of intracellular metabolites of adherent human cells grown under high (or standard) fetal calf serum conditions. To avoid bias, care should be taken beforehand to ensure that the ratio of total protein to cell number are consistent among the groups tested. For this reason, it may not be suitable where culture conditions or cell types have very different protein outputs (e.g., hypoxia vs. normoxia). The full modified protocol is available in the Supplementary Materials.
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21
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Bode D, Lindner D, Schwarzl M, Westermann D, Deissler P, Primessnig U, Hegemann N, Blatter LA, van Linthout S, Tschöpe C, Schoenrath F, Soltani S, Stamm C, Duesterhoeft V, Rolim N, Wisløff U, Knosalla C, Falk V, Pieske BM, Heinzel FR, Hohendanner F. The role of fibroblast - Cardiomyocyte interaction for atrial dysfunction in HFpEF and hypertensive heart disease. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2019; 131:53-65. [PMID: 31005484 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2019.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Atrial contractile dysfunction is associated with increased mortality in heart failure (HF). We have shown previously that a metabolic syndrome-based model of HFpEF and a model of hypertensive heart disease (HHD) have impaired left atrial (LA) function in vivo (rat). In this study we postulate, that left atrial cardiomyocyte (CM) and cardiac fibroblast (CF) paracrine interaction related to the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate signalling cascade is pivotal for the manifestation of atrial mechanical dysfunction in HF and that quantitative atrial remodeling is highly disease-dependent. METHODS AND RESULTS Differential remodeling was observed in HHD and HFpEF as indicated by an increase of atrial size in vivo (HFpEF), unchanged fibrosis (HHD and HFpEF) and a decrease of CM size (HHD). Baseline contractile performance of rat CM in vitro was enhanced in HFpEF. Upon treatment with conditioned medium from their respective stretched CF (CM-SF), CM (at 21 weeks) of WT showed increased Ca2+ transient (CaT) amplitudes related to the paracrine activity of the inotrope endothelin (ET-1) and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate induced Ca2+ release. Concentration of ET-1 was increased in CM-SF and atrial tissue from WT as compared to HHD and HFpEF. In HHD, CM-SF had no relevant effect on CaT kinetics. However, in HFpEF, CM-SF increased diastolic Ca2+ and slowed Ca2+ removal, potentially contributing to an in-vivo decompensation. During disease progression (i.e. at 27 weeks), HFpEF displayed dysfunctional excitation-contraction-coupling (ECC) due to lower sarcoplasmic-reticulum Ca2+ content unrelated to CF-CM interaction or ET-1, but associated with enhanced nuclear [Ca2+]. In human patients, tissue ET-1 was not related to the presence of arterial hypertension or obesity. CONCLUSIONS Atrial remodeling is a complex entity that is highly disease and stage dependent. The activity of fibrosis related to paracrine interaction (e.g. ET-1) might contribute to in vitro and in vivo atrial dysfunction. However, during later stages of disease, ECC is impaired unrelated to CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Bode
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Augustenburgerplatz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Germany; Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Diana Lindner
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg, Germany; Universitäres Herzzentrum Hamburg, Klinik für Allgemeine und Interventionelle Kardiologie, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michael Schwarzl
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg, Germany; Universitäres Herzzentrum Hamburg, Klinik für Allgemeine und Interventionelle Kardiologie, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dirk Westermann
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg, Germany; Universitäres Herzzentrum Hamburg, Klinik für Allgemeine und Interventionelle Kardiologie, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Peter Deissler
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Augustenburgerplatz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Germany
| | - Uwe Primessnig
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Augustenburgerplatz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Germany; Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Niklas Hegemann
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Augustenburgerplatz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Germany
| | - Lothar A Blatter
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Rush University, Chicago, USA
| | - Sophie van Linthout
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Augustenburgerplatz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Germany
| | - Carsten Tschöpe
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Augustenburgerplatz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Germany
| | - Felix Schoenrath
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Germany; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, German Heart Center Berlin, Augustenburgerplatz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sajjad Soltani
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Germany; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, German Heart Center Berlin, Augustenburgerplatz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christof Stamm
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Germany; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, German Heart Center Berlin, Augustenburgerplatz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Volker Duesterhoeft
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Germany; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, German Heart Center Berlin, Augustenburgerplatz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Natale Rolim
- K.G. Jebsen Center of Exercise in Medicine, Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ulrik Wisløff
- K.G. Jebsen Center of Exercise in Medicine, Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Christoph Knosalla
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Germany; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, German Heart Center Berlin, Augustenburgerplatz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Volkmar Falk
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Germany; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, German Heart Center Berlin, Augustenburgerplatz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany
| | - Burkert M Pieske
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Augustenburgerplatz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Germany; Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, German Heart Center Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Frank R Heinzel
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Augustenburgerplatz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Germany
| | - Felix Hohendanner
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Augustenburgerplatz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Germany; Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany.
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22
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Inflammation and fibrosis in murine models of heart failure. Basic Res Cardiol 2019; 114:19. [PMID: 30887214 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-019-0722-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 227] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Heart failure is a consequence of various cardiovascular diseases and associated with poor prognosis. Despite progress in the treatment of heart failure in the past decades, prevalence and hospitalisation rates are still increasing. Heart failure is typically associated with cardiac remodelling. Here, inflammation and fibrosis are thought to play crucial roles. During cardiac inflammation, immune cells invade the cardiac tissue and modulate tissue-damaging responses. Cardiac fibrosis, however, is characterised by an increased amount and a disrupted composition of extracellular matrix proteins. As evidence exists that cardiac inflammation and fibrosis are potentially reversible in experimental and clinical set ups, they are interesting targets for innovative heart failure treatments. In this context, animal models are important as they mimic clinical conditions of heart failure patients. The advantages of mice in this respect are short generation times and genetic modifications. As numerous murine models of heart failure exist, the selection of a proper disease model for a distinct research question is demanding. To facilitate this selection, this review aims to provide an overview about the current understanding of the pathogenesis of cardiac inflammation and fibrosis in six frequently used murine models of heart failure. Hence, it compares the models of myocardial infarction with or without reperfusion, transverse aortic constriction, chronic subjection to angiotensin II or deoxycorticosterone acetate, and coxsackievirus B3-induced viral myocarditis in this context. It furthermore provides information about the clinical relevance and the limitations of each model, and, if applicable, about the recent advancements in their methodological proceedings.
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23
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Voss S, Krüger S, Scherschel K, Warnke S, Schwarzl M, Schrage B, Girdauskas E, Meyer C, Blankenberg S, Westermann D, Lindner D. Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) Expression Increases during Myocardial Infarction and Supports Pro-Inflammatory Signaling in Cardiac Fibroblasts. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9020038. [PMID: 30678084 PMCID: PMC6406883 DOI: 10.3390/biom9020038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a pleiotropic cytokine known to play a major role in inflammatory diseases such as myocardial infarction (MI), where its expression increases. Cardio-protective functions of MIF during ischemia have been reported. Recently, the structurally related MIF-2 was identified and similar effects are assumed. We wanted to further investigate the role of MIF and MIF-2 on inflammatory processes during MI. Therefore, we subjected mice to experimentally induced MI by coronary occlusion for one and five days. During the acute phase of MI, the gene expression of Mif was upregulated in the infarct zone, whereas Mif-2 was downregulated, suggesting a minor role of MIF-2. Simulating ischemic conditions or mechanical stress in vitro, we demonstrated that Mif expression was induced in resident cardiac cells. To investigate possible auto-/paracrine effects, cardiomyocytes and cardiac fibroblasts were individually treated with recombinant murine MIF, which in turn induced Mif expression and the expression of pro-inflammatory genes in cardiac fibroblasts. Cardiomyocytes did not respond to recombinant MIF with pro-inflammatory gene expression. While MIF stimulation alone did not change the expression of pro-fibrotic genes in cardiac fibroblasts, ischemia reduced their expression. Mimicking the increased MIF levels during MI, we exposed cardiac fibroblasts to simulated ischemia in the presence of MIF, which led to further reduced expression of pro-fibrotic genes. The presented data show that MIF was expressed by resident cardiac cells during MI. In vitro, Mif expression was induced by different external stimuli in cardiomyocytes and cardiac fibroblasts. Addition of recombinant MIF protein increased the expression of pro-inflammatory genes in cardiac fibroblasts including Mif expression itself. Thereby, cardiac fibroblasts may amplify Mif expression during ischemia promoting cardiomyocyte survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svenja Voss
- Clinic for General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
- Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Saskia Krüger
- Clinic for General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
- Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Katharina Scherschel
- Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
- Clinic for Cardiology-Electrophysiology, University Heart Center Hamburg, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Svenja Warnke
- Clinic for General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Michael Schwarzl
- Clinic for General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
- Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Benedikt Schrage
- Clinic for General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
- Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Evaldas Girdauskas
- Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
- Clinic for Cardiovascular Surgery, University Heart Center Hamburg, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Christian Meyer
- Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
- Clinic for Cardiology-Electrophysiology, University Heart Center Hamburg, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Stefan Blankenberg
- Clinic for General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
- Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Dirk Westermann
- Clinic for General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
- Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Diana Lindner
- Clinic for General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
- Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
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